1
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Becker-Baldus J, Yeliseev A, Joseph TT, Sigurdsson ST, Zoubak L, Hines K, Iyer MR, van den Berg A, Stepnowski S, Zmuda J, Gawrisch K, Glaubitz C. Probing the Conformational Space of the Cannabinoid Receptor 2 and a Systematic Investigation of DNP-Enhanced MAS NMR Spectroscopy of Proteins in Detergent Micelles. ACS Omega 2023; 8:32963-32976. [PMID: 37720784 PMCID: PMC10500644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in determining the structures of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and their complexes in recent years. However, understanding activation and signaling in GPCRs is still challenging due to the role of protein dynamics in these processes. Here, we show how dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance in combination with a unique pair labeling approach can be used to study the conformational ensemble at specific sites of the cannabinoid receptor 2. To improve the signal-to-noise, we carefully optimized the DNP sample conditions and utilized the recently introduced AsymPol-POK as a polarizing agent. We could show qualitatively that the conformational space available to the protein backbone is different in different parts of the receptor and that a site in TM7 is sensitive to the nature of the ligand, whereas a site in ICL3 always showed large conformational freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Becker-Baldus
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexei Yeliseev
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Thomas T. Joseph
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Snorri Th. Sigurdsson
- Department
of Chemistry, Science Institute, University
of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lioudmila Zoubak
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Kirk Hines
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section
on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute
on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Arjen van den Berg
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Sam Stepnowski
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Jon Zmuda
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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2
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Soubias O, Sodt AJ, Teague WE, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. Physiological changes in bilayer thickness induced by cholesterol control GPCR rhodopsin function. Biophys J 2023; 122:973-983. [PMID: 36419350 PMCID: PMC10111215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We monitored the effect on function of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) rhodopsin from small, stepwise changes in bilayer thickness induced by cholesterol. Over a range of phosphatidylcholine bilayers with hydrophobic thickness from ≈21 Å to 38 Å, the metarhodopsin-I (MI)/metarhodopsin-II (MII) equilibrium was monitored with UV-visible spectroscopy while ordering of hydrocarbon chains was probed by 2H-NMR. Addition of cholesterol shifted equilibrium toward MII for bilayers thinner than the average length of hydrophobic transmembrane helices (27 Å) and to MI for thicker bilayers, while small bilayer thickness changes within the range of the protein hydrophobic thickness drastically up- or downregulated MII formation. The cholesterol-induced shifts toward MII for thinner membranes correlated with the cholesterol-induced increase of bilayer hydrophobic thickness measured by NMR, consistent with continuum elastic modeling. The energetic penalty of adding cholesterol to thick bilayers caused rhodopsin oligomerization and a shift toward MI. In membranes of physiological thickness, changes in bilayer mechanical properties induced by cholesterol potentiated the interplay between bilayer and protein thickness resulting in large swings of the MI-MII equilibrium. In membrane containing cholesterol, elastic deformations near the protein are a dominant energetic contribution to the functional equilibrium of the model GPCR rhodopsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Soubias
- Macromolecular NMR Section, Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland.
| | - Alexander J Sodt
- Unit on Membrane Chemical Physics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Walter E Teague
- Section of NMR, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kirk G Hines
- Section of NMR, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Section of NMR, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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3
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Gazzi T, Brennecke B, Atz K, Korn C, Sykes D, Forn-Cuni G, Pfaff P, Sarott RC, Westphal MV, Mostinski Y, Mach L, Wasinska-Kalwa M, Weise M, Hoare BL, Miljuš T, Mexi M, Roth N, Koers EJ, Guba W, Alker A, Rufer AC, Kusznir EA, Huber S, Raposo C, Zirwes EA, Osterwald A, Pavlovic A, Moes S, Beck J, Nettekoven M, Benito-Cuesta I, Grande T, Drawnel F, Widmer G, Holzer D, van der Wel T, Mandhair H, Honer M, Fingerle J, Scheffel J, Broichhagen J, Gawrisch K, Romero J, Hillard CJ, Varga ZV, van der Stelt M, Pacher P, Gertsch J, Ullmer C, McCormick PJ, Oddi S, Spaink HP, Maccarrone M, Veprintsev DB, Carreira EM, Grether U, Nazaré M. Detection of cannabinoid receptor type 2 in native cells and zebrafish with a highly potent, cell-permeable fluorescent probe. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5539-5545. [PMID: 35694350 PMCID: PMC9116301 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06659e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its essential role in the (patho)physiology of several diseases, CB2R tissue expression profiles and signaling mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We report the development of a highly potent, fluorescent CB2R agonist probe employing structure-based reverse design. It commences with a highly potent, preclinically validated ligand, which is conjugated to a silicon-rhodamine fluorophore, enabling cell permeability. The probe is the first to preserve interspecies affinity and selectivity for both mouse and human CB2R. Extensive cross-validation (FACS, TR-FRET and confocal microscopy) set the stage for CB2R detection in endogenously expressing living cells along with zebrafish larvae. Together, these findings will benefit clinical translatability of CB2R based drugs. Detection and visualization of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 by a cell-permeable high affinity fluorescent probe platform enables tracing receptor trafficking in live cells and in zebrafish.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Gazzi
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Benjamin Brennecke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Kenneth Atz
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Claudia Korn
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - David Sykes
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | | | - Patrick Pfaff
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Roman C Sarott
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthias V Westphal
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Yelena Mostinski
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Leonard Mach
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Malgorzata Wasinska-Kalwa
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Marie Weise
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Bradley L Hoare
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | - Tamara Miljuš
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | - Maira Mexi
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | - Nicolas Roth
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London London EC1M 6BQ England UK
| | - Eline J Koers
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | - Wolfgang Guba
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - André Alker
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Arne C Rufer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Eric A Kusznir
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Sylwia Huber
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Catarina Raposo
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth A Zirwes
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Anja Osterwald
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Anto Pavlovic
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Svenja Moes
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Beck
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Matthias Nettekoven
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Irene Benito-Cuesta
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Pozuelo de Alarcón 28223 Madrid Spain
| | - Teresa Grande
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Pozuelo de Alarcón 28223 Madrid Spain
| | - Faye Drawnel
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Widmer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Daniela Holzer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Tom van der Wel
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University 2333 CC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Harpreet Mandhair
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Michael Honer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Fingerle
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany.,Allergology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP Berlin Germany
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health Rockville MD 20852 USA
| | - Julián Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria Pozuelo de Alarcón 28223 Madrid Spain
| | - Cecilia J Hillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 53226 USA
| | - Zoltan V Varga
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health Rockville MD 20852 USA.,HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University 1085 Budapest Hungary
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University 2333 CC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Pal Pacher
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health Rockville MD 20852 USA
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Christoph Ullmer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Peter J McCormick
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London London EC1M 6BQ England UK
| | - Sergio Oddi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo 64100 Teramo European Italy.,European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation 00179 Rome Italy
| | - Herman P Spaink
- Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation 00179 Rome Italy.,Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila 67100 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Dmitry B Veprintsev
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH England UK.,United Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands England UK
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Uwe Grether
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Campus Berlin-Buch 13125 Berlin Germany
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4
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Yeliseev A, Zoretich K, Hooper L, Teague WE, Zoubak L, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. EPR on site-selective spin-labeled human cannabinoid receptor CB2. Biophys J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.11.2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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5
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Yeliseev AA, Zoretich K, Hooper L, Teague W, Zoubak L, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. Site-selective labeling and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of human cannabinoid receptor CB 2. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2021; 1863:183621. [PMID: 33865808 PMCID: PMC8154700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Integral membrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) regulate multiple physiological processes by transmitting signals from extracellular milieu to intracellular proteins and are major targets of pharmaceutical drug development. Since GPCR are inherently flexible proteins, their conformational dynamics can be studied by spectroscopic techniques such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) which requires selective chemical labeling of the protein. Here, we developed protocols for selective chemical labeling of the recombinant human cannabinoid receptor CB2 by judiciously replacing naturally occurring reactive cysteine residues and introducing a new single cysteine residue in selected positions. The majority of the 47 newly generated single cysteine constructs expressed well in E. coli cells, and more than half of them retained high functional activity. The reactivity of newly introduced cysteine residues was assessed by incorporating nitroxide spin label and EPR measurement. The conformational transition of the receptor between the inactive and activated form were studied by EPR of selectively labeled constructs in the presence of either a full agonist CP-55,940 or an inverse agonist SR-144,528. We observed evidence for higher mobility of labels in the center of internal loop 3 and a structural change between agonist vs. inverse agonist-bound CB2 in the extracellular tip of transmembrane helix 6. Our results demonstrate the utility of EPR for studies of conformational dynamics of CB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei A Yeliseev
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Kaeli Zoretich
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Levi Hooper
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Walter Teague
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lioudmila Zoubak
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kirk G Hines
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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6
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Yeliseev A, van den Berg A, Zoubak L, Hines K, Stepnowski S, Williston K, Yan W, Gawrisch K, Zmuda J. Thermostability of a recombinant G protein-coupled receptor expressed at high level in mammalian cell culture. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16805. [PMID: 33033368 PMCID: PMC7546613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational design of pharmaceutical drugs targeting integral membrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) requires thorough understanding of ligand binding and mechanism of activation through high resolution structural studies of purified proteins. Due to inherent conformational flexibility of GPCR, stabilization of these proteins solubilized from cell membranes into detergents is a challenging task. Here, we take advantage of naturally occurring post-translational modifications for stabilization of purified GPCR in detergent micelles. The recombinant cannabinoid CB2 receptor was expressed at high yield in Expi293F mammalian cell cultures, solubilized and purified in Façade detergent. We report superior stability of the mammalian cell-expressed receptor compared to its E.coli-expressed counterpart, due to contributions from glycosylation of the N terminus and palmitoylation of the C terminus of CB2. Finally, we demonstrate that the mammalian Expi293F amino acid labelling kit is suitable for preparation of multi-milligram quantities of high quality, selectively stable isotope-labeled GPCR for studies by nuclear magnetic resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Yeliseev
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | | | - Lioudmila Zoubak
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kirk Hines
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sam Stepnowski
- ThermoFisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD, 21704, USA
| | - Kyle Williston
- ThermoFisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD, 21704, USA
| | - Wanhua Yan
- ThermoFisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD, 21704, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan Zmuda
- ThermoFisher Scientific, 7335 Executive Way, Frederick, MD, 21704, USA
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7
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Sarott RC, Westphal MV, Pfaff P, Korn C, Sykes DA, Gazzi T, Brennecke B, Atz K, Weise M, Mostinski Y, Hompluem P, Koers E, Miljuš T, Roth NJ, Asmelash H, Vong MC, Piovesan J, Guba W, Rufer AC, Kusznir EA, Huber S, Raposo C, Zirwes EA, Osterwald A, Pavlovic A, Moes S, Beck J, Benito-Cuesta I, Grande T, Ruiz de Martı N Esteban S, Yeliseev A, Drawnel F, Widmer G, Holzer D, van der Wel T, Mandhair H, Yuan CY, Drobyski WR, Saroz Y, Grimsey N, Honer M, Fingerle J, Gawrisch K, Romero J, Hillard CJ, Varga ZV, van der Stelt M, Pacher P, Gertsch J, McCormick PJ, Ullmer C, Oddi S, Maccarrone M, Veprintsev DB, Nazaré M, Grether U, Carreira EM. Development of High-Specificity Fluorescent Probes to Enable Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Studies in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16953-16964. [PMID: 32902974 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological modulation of cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) holds promise for the treatment of numerous conditions, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, pain, and cancer. Despite the significance of this receptor, researchers lack reliable tools to address questions concerning the expression and complex mechanism of CB2R signaling, especially in cell-type and tissue-dependent contexts. Herein, we report for the first time a versatile ligand platform for the modular design of a collection of highly specific CB2R fluorescent probes, used successfully across applications, species, and cell types. These include flow cytometry of endogenously expressing cells, real-time confocal microscopy of mouse splenocytes and human macrophages, as well as FRET-based kinetic and equilibrium binding assays. High CB2R specificity was demonstrated by competition experiments in living cells expressing CB2R at native levels. The probes were effectively applied to FACS analysis of microglial cells derived from a mouse model relevant to Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman C Sarott
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias V Westphal
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Pfaff
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Korn
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David A Sykes
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Thais Gazzi
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie FMP, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Brennecke
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie FMP, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenneth Atz
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie Weise
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie FMP, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yelena Mostinski
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie FMP, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pattarin Hompluem
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Eline Koers
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Tamara Miljuš
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Nicolas J Roth
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, England
| | - Hermon Asmelash
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, England
| | - Man C Vong
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Jacopo Piovesan
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Wolfgang Guba
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne C Rufer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eric A Kusznir
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylwia Huber
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catarina Raposo
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth A Zirwes
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Osterwald
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anto Pavlovic
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Svenja Moes
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Beck
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Benito-Cuesta
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Grande
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alexei Yeliseev
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Faye Drawnel
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Widmer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Holzer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tom van der Wel
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harpreet Mandhair
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cheng-Yin Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - William R Drobyski
- Department of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Yurii Saroz
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natasha Grimsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Honer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Fingerle
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Julian Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia J Hillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, United States
| | - Zoltan V Varga
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States.,HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pal Pacher
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter J McCormick
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, England
| | - Christoph Ullmer
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Oddi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.,European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy.,Department of Applied Clinical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Dmitry B Veprintsev
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie FMP, Campus Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Grether
- Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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West A, Zoni V, Teague WE, Leonard AN, Vanni S, Gawrisch K, Tristram-Nagle S, Sachs JN, Klauda JB. How Do Ethanolamine Plasmalogens Contribute to Order and Structure of Neurological Membranes? J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:828-839. [PMID: 31916765 PMCID: PMC8157475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ethanolamine plasmalogen (EtnPLA) is a conical-shaped ether lipid and an essential component of neurological membranes. Low stability against oxidation limits its study in experiments. The concentration of EtnPLA in the bilayer varies depending on cell type and disease progression. Here we report on mixed bilayers of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-(1Z-octadecenyl)-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (C18(Plasm)-18:1PE, PLAPE), an EtnPLA lipid subtype, at mole ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2. We present X-ray diffuse scattering (XDS) form factors F(qz) from oriented stacks of bilayers, related electron-density profiles, and hydrocarbon chain NMR order parameters. To aid future research on EtnPLA lipids and associated proteins, we have also extended the CHARMM36 all-atom force field to include the PLAPE lipid. The ability of the new force-field parameters to reproduce both X-ray and NMR structural properties of the mixed bilayer is remarkable. Our results indicate a thickening of the bilayer upon incorporation of increasing amounts of PLAPE into mixed bilayers, a reduction of lateral area per molecule, and an increase in lipid tail-ordering. The lateral compressibility modulus (KA) calculated from simulations yielded values for PLAPE similar to POPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana West
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Valeria Zoni
- Department of Biology , University of Fribourg , 1700 Fribourg , Switzerland
| | - Walter E Teague
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , NIH , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Alison N Leonard
- Biophysics Graduate Program , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Stefano Vanni
- Department of Biology , University of Fribourg , 1700 Fribourg , Switzerland
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , NIH , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Stephanie Tristram-Nagle
- Biological Physics Group, Physics Department , Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States
| | - Jonathan N Sachs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Twin Cities , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Jeffery B Klauda
- Biophysics Graduate Program , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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9
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10
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Beckner RL, Zoubak L, Hines KG, Gawrisch K, Yeliseev AA. Probing thermostability of detergent-solubilized CB 2 receptor by parallel G protein-activation and ligand-binding assays. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:181-190. [PMID: 31776188 PMCID: PMC6952600 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large class of integral membrane proteins involved in the regulation of a broad spectrum of physiological processes and are a major target for pharmaceutical drug development. Structural studies can help advance the rational design of novel specific pharmaceuticals that target GPCRs, but such studies require expression of significant quantities of these proteins in pure, homogenous, and sufficiently stable form. An essential precursor for these structural studies is an assessment of protein stability under experimental conditions. Here we report that solubilization of a GPCR, type II cannabinoid receptor CB2, in a Façade detergent enables radioligand thermostability assessments of this receptor with low background from nonspecific interactions with lipophilic cannabinoid ligand. Furthermore, this detergent is compatible with a [35S]GTPγS radionucleotide exchange assay measuring guanine exchange factor activity that can be applied after heat treatment to further assess receptor thermostability. We demonstrate that both assays can be utilized to determine differences in CB2 thermostability caused by mutations, detergent composition, and the presence of stabilizing ligands. We report that a constitutively active CB2 variant has higher thermostability than the WT receptor, a result that differs from a previous thermostability assessment of the analogous CB1 mutation. We conclude that both ligand-binding and activity-based assays under optimized detergent conditions can support selection of thermostable variants of experimentally demanding GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Beckner
- NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208521
| | | | - Kirk G Hines
- NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208521
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208521
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11
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Ghysels A, Krämer A, Venable RM, Teague WE, Lyman E, Gawrisch K, Pastor RW. Permeability of membranes in the liquid ordered and liquid disordered phases. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5616. [PMID: 31819053 PMCID: PMC6901538 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional significance of ordered nanodomains (or rafts) in cholesterol rich eukaryotic cell membranes has only begun to be explored. This study exploits the correspondence of cellular rafts and liquid ordered (Lo) phases of three-component lipid bilayers to examine permeability. Molecular dynamics simulations of Lo phase dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and cholesterol show that oxygen and water transit a leaflet through the DOPC and cholesterol rich boundaries of hexagonally packed DPPC microdomains, freely diffuse along the bilayer midplane, and escape the membrane along the boundary regions. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments provide critical validation: the measured ratio of oxygen concentrations near the midplanes of liquid disordered (Ld) and Lo bilayers of DPPC/DOPC/cholesterol is 1.75 ± 0.35, in very good agreement with 1.3 ± 0.3 obtained from simulation. The results show how cellular rafts can be structurally rigid signaling platforms while remaining nearly as permeable to small molecules as the Ld phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ghysels
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Richard M Venable
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Walter E Teague
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Edward Lyman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, 19716, DE, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Richard W Pastor
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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12
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13
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Yeliseev A, Nickels JD, Hines KG, Zoubak L, Teague WE, Lynch DL, Hurst DP, Weiss KL, Katsaras J, Reggio PH, Gawrisch K. Cannabinoid Receptor CB2 Oligomerization in a Lipid Matrix. Biophys J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.1288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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14
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Jiang Z, Flynn JD, Teague WE, Gawrisch K, Lee JC. Stimulation of α-synuclein amyloid formation by phosphatidylglycerol micellar tubules. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2018; 1860:1840-1847. [PMID: 29501608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a presynaptic protein that is accumulated in its amyloid form in the brains of Parkinson's patients. Although its biological function remains unclear, α-syn has been suggested to bind to synaptic vesicles and facilitate neurotransmitter release. Recently, studies have found that α-syn induces membrane tubulation, highlighting a potential mechanism for α-syn to stabilize highly curved membrane structures which could have both functional and dysfunctional consequences. To understand how membrane remodeling by α-syn affects amyloid formation, we have studied the α-syn aggregation process in the presence of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) micellar tubules, which were the first reported example of membrane tubulation by α-syn. Aggregation kinetics, β-sheet content, and macroscopic protein-lipid structures were observed by Thioflavin T fluorescence, circular dichroism spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Collectively, the presence of PG micellar tubules formed at a stochiometric (L/P = 1) ratio was found to stimulate α-syn fibril formation. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed the co-assembly of PG and α-syn into fibril structures. However, isolated micellar tubules do not form fibrils by themselves, suggesting an important role of free α-syn monomers during amyloid formation. In contrast, fibrils did not form in the presence of excess PG lipids (≥L/P = 50), where most of the α-syn molecules are in a membrane-bound α-helical form. Our results provide new mechanistic insights into how membrane tubules modulate α-syn amyloid formation and support a pivotal role of protein-lipid interaction in the dysfunction of α-syn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Jiang
- Laboratory of Protein Conformation and Dynamics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica D Flynn
- Laboratory of Protein Conformation and Dynamics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Walter E Teague
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jennifer C Lee
- Laboratory of Protein Conformation and Dynamics, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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15
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Soubias O, Nickels JD, Yeliseev A, Hines KG, Teague WE, Northup J, Katsaras J, Gawrisch K. G Protein-GPCR Interaction Studied by SANS. Biophys J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.3810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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16
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Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2) is an integral membrane protein with seven transmembrane helices that belongs to the large superfamily of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors. The CB2 is a part of the endocannabinoid system that plays a vital role in regulation of immune response, inflammation, pain, and other metabolic processes. Information about the structure and function of CB2 in cell membranes is essential for development of specific pharmaceuticals that target CB2 signaling. Methodology for recombinant expression, stable isotope labeling, purification, reconstitution into liposomes, and NMR characterization of functionally active CB2 is presented. Uniformly 13C-, 15N-labeled CB2 protein is expressed by fermentation of Escherichia coli in a medium of defined composition under controlled aeration, pH, and temperature and purified by tandem affinity chromatography. The receptor reconstituted into lipid bilayers is suitable for structural studies by solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Yeliseev
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, Unites States.
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, Unites States.
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17
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Soubias O, Nickels JD, Teague WE, Hines KG, Weiss KL, Katsaras J, Gawrisch K. Rhodopsin Dimerization in Membrane Bilayers Revealed by Small Angle Neutron Scattering. Biophys J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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18
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Yeliseev A, Zoubak L, Hines KG, Teague WE, Gawrisch K. Selective Chemical Labeling of Type II Cannabinoid Receptor CB 2 for 19 F-NMR and EPR Studies. Biophys J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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19
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Sodt AJ, Soubias O, Gawrisch K, Pastor RW. Lipid-Lipid Coupling to Membrane Curvature by Simulation and NMR. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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20
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Soubias O, Sodt AJ, Teague WE, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. Controlling GPCR Rhodopsin Function by Small, Physiologically Relevant Changes in Bilayer Hydrophobic Thickness. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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21
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Blasic JR, Worcester DL, Gawrisch K, Gurnev P, Mihailescu M. Pore hydration states of KcsA potassium channels in membranes. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26765-75. [PMID: 26370089 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.661819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-filled hydrophobic cavities in channel proteins serve as gateways for transfer of ions across membranes, but their properties are largely unknown. We determined water distributions along the conduction pores in two tetrameric channels embedded in lipid bilayers using neutron diffraction: potassium channel KcsA and the transmembrane domain of M2 protein of influenza A virus. For the KcsA channel in the closed state, the distribution of water is peaked in the middle of the membrane, showing water in the central cavity adjacent to the selectivity filter. This water is displaced by the channel blocker tetrabutyl-ammonium. The amount of water associated with the channel was quantified, using neutron diffraction and solid state NMR. In contrast, the M2 proton channel shows a V-shaped water profile across the membrane, with a narrow constriction at the center, like the hourglass shape of its internal surface. These two types of water distribution are therefore very different in their connectivity to the bulk water. The water and protein profiles determined here provide important evidence concerning conformation and hydration of channels in membranes and the potential role of pore hydration in channel gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Blasic
- From the Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - David L Worcester
- the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Philip Gurnev
- the Physics Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, and From the Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850
| | - Mihaela Mihailescu
- From the Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland 20850,
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22
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Soubias O, Teague WE, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. The role of membrane curvature elastic stress for function of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors. Biochimie 2015; 107 Pt A:28-32. [PMID: 25447139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The human genome encodes about 800 different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). They are key molecules in signal transduction pathways that transmit signals of a variety of ligands such as hormones and neurotransmitters to the cell interior. Upon ligand binding, the receptors undergo structural transitions that either enhance or inhibit transmission of a specific signal to the cell interior. Here we discuss results which indicate that transmission of such signals can be strongly modulated by the composition of the lipid matrix into which GPCR are imbedded. Experimental results have been obtained on rhodopsin, a prototype GPCR whose structure and function is representative for the great majority of GPCR in humans. The data shed light on the importance of curvature elastic stress in the lipid domain for function of GPCR.
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23
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Alexander SJ, Gawrisch K, Pastor RW, Lyman ER. Nanoscale Structure and Dynamics of the Liquid Ordered Phase. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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24
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Kimura T, Vukoti K, Lynch DL, Hurst DP, Grossfield A, Pitman MC, Reggio PH, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K. Global Fold of Human Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Probed by Solid-State NMR and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.1390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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25
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Kimura A, Pekkurnaz G, Kimura T, Germeyan SC, Zimmerberg-Helms J, Loewke J, Blank PS, Reese TS, Gawrisch K, Bezrukov L, Zimmerberg J. Phase Behavior of Synaptosomal Membranes: The Effect of Lipid Composition and Temperature. Biophys J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.1876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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26
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Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations reveal substructures within the liquid-ordered phase of lipid bilayers. These substructures, identified in a 10 μs all-atom trajectory of liquid-ordered/liquid-disordered coexistence (L(o)/L(d)) are composed of saturated hydrocarbon chains packed with local hexagonal order and separated by interstitial regions enriched in cholesterol and unsaturated chains. Lipid hydrocarbon chain order parameters calculated from the L(o) phase are in excellent agreement with (2)H NMR measurements; the local hexagonal packing is also consistent with (1)H-MAS NMR spectra of the L(o) phase, NMR diffusion experiments, and small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering. The balance of cholesterol-rich to local hexagonal order is proposed to control the partitioning of membrane components into the L(o) regions. The latter have been frequently associated with formation of so-called rafts, platforms in the plasma membranes of cells that facilitate interaction between components of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Sodt
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and §National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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27
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Kimura T, Mihailescu M, Lynch DL, Eldho NV, Reggio PH, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K. Biophysical Properties of 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in a Lipid Matrix and its Binding to Recombinant Cannabinoid Receptor CB2. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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28
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Lyman ER, Sodt A, Gawrisch K, Pastor R. The Molecular Structure of the Liquid Ordered Phase. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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29
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Kimura T, Vukoti K, Lynch DL, Hurst DP, Grossfield A, Pitman MC, Reggio PH, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K. Global fold of human cannabinoid type 2 receptor probed by solid-state 13C-, 15N-MAS NMR and molecular dynamics simulations. Proteins 2013; 82:452-65. [PMID: 23999926 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The global fold of human cannabinoid type 2 (CB2 ) receptor in the agonist-bound active state in lipid bilayers was investigated by solid-state (13)C- and (15)N magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR, in combination with chemical-shift prediction from a structural model of the receptor obtained by microsecond-long molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Uniformly (13)C- and (15)N-labeled CB2 receptor was expressed in milligram quantities by bacterial fermentation, purified, and functionally reconstituted into liposomes. (13)C MAS NMR spectra were recorded without sensitivity enhancement for direct comparison of Cα, Cβ, and C=O bands of superimposed resonances with predictions from protein structures generated by MD. The experimental NMR spectra matched the calculated spectra reasonably well indicating agreement of the global fold of the protein between experiment and simulations. In particular, the (13) C chemical shift distribution of Cα resonances was shown to be very sensitive to both the primary amino acid sequence and the secondary structure of CB2. Thus the shape of the Cα band can be used as an indicator of CB2 global fold. The prediction from MD simulations indicated that upon receptor activation a rather limited number of amino acid residues, mainly located in the extracellular Loop 2 and the second half of intracellular Loop 3, change their chemical shifts significantly (≥ 1.5 ppm for carbons and ≥ 5.0 ppm for nitrogens). Simulated two-dimensional (13) Cα(i)-(13)C=O(i) and (13)C=O(i)-(15)NH(i + 1) dipolar-interaction correlation spectra provide guidance for selective amino acid labeling and signal assignment schemes to study the molecular mechanism of activation of CB2 by solid-state MAS NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kimura
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892
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Venable RM, Luo Y, Gawrisch K, Roux B, Pastor RW. Simulations of anionic lipid membranes: development of interaction-specific ion parameters and validation using NMR data. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10183-92. [PMID: 23924441 DOI: 10.1021/jp401512z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Overbinding of ions to lipid head groups is a potentially serious artifact in simulations of charged lipid bilayers. In this study, the Lennard-Jones radii in the CHARMM force field for interactions of Na(+) and lipid oxygen atoms of carboxyl, phosphate, and ester groups were revised to match osmotic pressure data on sodium acetate and electrophoresis data on palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) vesicles. The new parameters were then validated by successfully reproducing previously published experimental NMR deuterium order parameters for dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) and newly obtained values for palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylserine (POPS). Although the increases in Lennard-Jones diameters are only 0.02-0.12 Å, they are sufficient to reduce Na+ binding, and thereby increase surface areas per lipid by 5-10% compared with the unmodified parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Venable
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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31
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Locatelli-Hoops S, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K, Gorshkova I. Surface plasmon resonance applied to G protein-coupled receptors. Biomed Spectrosc Imaging 2013; 2:155-181. [PMID: 24466506 PMCID: PMC3898597 DOI: 10.3233/bsi-130045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are integral membrane proteins that transmit signals from external stimuli to the cell interior via activation of GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) thereby mediating key sensorial, hormonal, metabolic, immunological, and neurotransmission processes. Elucidating their structure and mechanism of interaction with extracellular and intracellular binding partners is of fundamental importance and highly relevant to rational design of new effective drugs. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has become a method of choice for studying biomolecular interactions at interfaces because measurements take place in real-time and do not require labeling of any of the interactants. However, due to the particular challenges imposed by the high hydrophobicity of membrane proteins and the great diversity of receptor-stimulating ligands, the application of this technique to characterize interactions of GPCR is still in the developmental phase. Here we give an overview of the principle of SPR and analyze current approaches for the preparation of the sensor chip surface, capture and stabilization of GPCR, and experimental design to characterize their interaction with ligands, G proteins and specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Locatelli-Hoops
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexei A. Yeliseev
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Inna Gorshkova
- Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource,
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of
Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inna Gorshkova
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIHBethesdaMD
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIHBethesdaMD
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33
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Sulima A, Cheng K, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Gawrisch K, Lee YS. Z and E rotamers of N-formyl-1-bromo-4-hydroxy-3-methoxymorphinan-6-one and their interconversion as studied by 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Magn Reson Chem 2013; 51:82-88. [PMID: 23233124 PMCID: PMC3551572 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
N-Formyl-1-bromo-4-hydroxy-3-methoxymorphinan-6-one (compound 2), an important intermediate in the NIH Opiate Total Synthesis, presumably exists as a mixture of two rotamers (Z and E) in both CHCl(3) and DMSO at room temperature due to the hindered rotation of its N-C18 bond in the amide moiety. By comparing the experimental (1)H and (13)C chemical shifts of a single rotamer and the mixture of compound 2 in CDCl(3) with the calculated chemical shifts of the geometry optimized Z and E rotamers utilizing density functional theory, the crystalline rotamer of compound 2 was characterized as having the E configuration. The energy barrier between the two rotamers was also determined with the temperature dependence of (1)H and (13)C NMR coalescence experiments, and then compared with that from the reaction path for the interconversion of the two rotamers calculated at the level of B3LYP/6-31G*. Detailed geometry of the ground state and the transition states of both rotamers are given and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-0815, USA
| | - Kejun Cheng
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-0815, USA
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-0815, USA
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-0815, USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yong-Sok Lee
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Division of Computational Bioscience, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Teague WE, Soubias O, Petrache H, Fuller N, Hines KG, Rand RP, Gawrisch K. Elastic properties of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines influence rhodopsin function. Faraday Discuss 2013; 161:383-459. [PMID: 23805751 PMCID: PMC3703878 DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Membranes with a high content of polyunsaturated phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) facilitate formation of metarhodopsin-II (M(II)), the photointermediate of bovine rhodopsin that activates the G protein transducin. We determined whether M(II)-formation is quantitatively linked to the elastic properties of PEs. Curvature elasticity of monolayers of the polyunsaturated lipids 18 : 0-22 : 6(n - 3)PE, 18 : 0-22 : 5(n)- 6PE and the model lipid 18 : 1(n - 9)-18 : 1,(n- 9)PE were investigated in the inverse hexagonal phase. All three lipids form lipid monolayers with rather low spontaneous radii of curvature of 26-28 angstroms. In membranes, all three PEs generate high negative curvature elastic stress that shifts the equilibrium of MI(I)/M(II) photointermediates of rhodopsin towards M(II) formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter E. Teague
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Fax: +1-301-594-0035; Tel: +1-301-594-3750
| | - Olivier Soubias
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Fax: +1-301-594-0035; Tel: +1-301-594-3750
| | - Horia Petrache
- Department of Physics, Indiana Univ.- Perdue Univ., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Fax: +1-317-274-2392; Tel: +1-317-278-6521
| | - Nola Fuller
- Dept. Biol. Sci., Brock Univ., St. Catharines, Ont. L2S 3A1, Canada. Phone:+1-905-688-5550 ext.3388
| | - Kirk G. Hines
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Fax: +1-301-594-0035; Tel: +1-301-594-3750
| | - R. Peter Rand
- Dept. Biol. Sci., Brock Univ., St. Catharines, Ont. L2S 3A1, Canada. Phone:+1-905-688-5550 ext.3388
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Fax: +1-301-594-0035; Tel: +1-301-594-3750
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35
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Kimura T, Yeliseev A, Gawrisch K. Binding of Endogenous Cannabinoid Ligand 2-Arachidonoylglycerol to Cannabinoid Receptor CB2 via the Lipid Matrix. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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36
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Gawrisch K, Yeliseev AA, Kimura T, Soubias O. Detergents for Extraction, Purification, and Reconstitution of G Protein-Coupled Membrane Receptors. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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37
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Vaish A, Silin V, Walker ML, Steffens KL, Krueger S, Yeliseev AA, Gawrisch K, Vanderah DJ. A generalized strategy for immobilizing uniformly oriented membrane proteins at solid interfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2685-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc00077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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38
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Soubias O, Teague WE, Dwulit-Smith JR, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. Membrane Curvature Elastic Stress Strongly Modulates Metarhodopsin II Formation. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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39
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Pekkurnaz G, Kimura T, Germeyan SC, Zimmerberg-Helms J, Loewke J, Dosemeci A, Blank PS, Reese TS, Gawrisch K, Bezrukov L, Zimmerberg J. Temperature-Dependent Phase Behavior of the Synaptosomal Membranes from Mammalian and Marine Invertebrate Synaptosomes. Biophys J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.1388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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40
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Krepkiy D, Gawrisch K, Swartz KJ. Structural interactions between lipids, water and S1-S4 voltage-sensing domains. J Mol Biol 2012; 423:632-47. [PMID: 22858867 PMCID: PMC3616881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins serve crucial signaling and transport functions, yet relatively little is known about their structures in membrane environments or how lipids interact with these proteins. For voltage-activated ion channels, X-ray structures suggest that the mobile voltage-sensing S4 helix would be exposed to the membrane, and functional studies reveal that lipid modification can profoundly alter channel activity. Here, we use solid-state NMR to investigate structural interactions of lipids and water with S1-S4 voltage-sensing domains and to explore whether lipids influence the structure of the protein. Our results demonstrate that S1-S4 domains exhibit extensive interactions with lipids and that these domains are heavily hydrated when embedded in a membrane. We also find evidence for preferential interactions of anionic lipids with S1-S4 domains and that these interactions have lifetimes on the timescale of ≤ 10(-3)s. Arg residues within S1-S4 domains are well hydrated and are positioned in close proximity to lipids, exhibiting local interactions with both lipid headgroups and acyl chains. Comparative studies with a positively charged lipid lacking a phosphodiester group reveal that this lipid modification has only modest effects on the structure and hydration of S1-S4 domains. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Arg residues in S1-S4 voltage-sensing domains reside in close proximity to the hydrophobic interior of the membrane yet are well hydrated, a requirement for carrying charge and driving protein motions in response to changes in membrane voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Krepkiy
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Kenton J. Swartz
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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Abstract
The phospholipid-lysophospholipid transacylase tafazzin is responsible for enrichment of the cardiolipin fraction of mitochondria with tetralinoleoyl-cardiolipin. The specificity for linoleoyl hydrocarbon chains is now explained by the specific action of tafazzin on negatively curved lipid monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Gawrisch
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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42
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Gawrisch K. G Protein-Coupled Receptors: From Structure to Function. Edited by Jesús Giraldo and Jean-Philippe Pin. Chembiochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Kimura T, Yeliseev AA, Vukoti K, Rhodes SD, Cheng K, Rice KC, Gawrisch K. Recombinant cannabinoid type 2 receptor in liposome model activates g protein in response to anionic lipid constituents. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:4076-87. [PMID: 22134924 PMCID: PMC3281699 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.268425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cannabinoid type 2 (CB(2)) receptor expressed in Escherichia coli was purified and successfully reconstituted in the functional form into lipid bilayers composed of POPC, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine (POPS), and cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS). Reconstitution was performed by detergent removal from the protein/lipid/detergent mixed micelles either on an adsorbent column, or by rapid dilution to below the critical micelle concentration of detergent followed by removal of detergent monomers on a concentrator. Proteoliposomes prepared at a protein/phospholipid/CHS molar ratio of 1/620-650/210-220 are free of detergent as shown by (1)H NMR, have a homogeneous protein/lipid ratio shown by isopycnic gradient ultracentrifugation, and are small in size with a mean diameter of 150-200 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering. Functional integrity of the reconstituted receptor was confirmed by quantitative binding of (2)H-labeled agonist CP-55,940-d(6) measured by (2)H magic angle spinning NMR, as well as by activation of G protein. The efficiency of G protein activation by agonist-bound CB(2) receptor was affected by negative electric surface potentials of proteoliposomes controlled by the content of anionic CHS or POPS. The activation was highest at an anionic lipid content of about 50 mol %. There was no correlation between the efficiency of G protein activation and an increase of hydrocarbon chain order induced by CHS or cholesterol. The results suggest the importance of anionic lipids in regulating signal transduction by CB(2) receptor and other class A GPCR. The successful reconstitution of milligram quantities of pure, functional CB(2) receptor enables a wide variety of structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kimura
- From the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, and
| | | | - Krishna Vukoti
- From the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, and
| | - Steven D. Rhodes
- From the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, and
| | - Kejun Cheng
- the Chemical Biology Research Branch, NIDA and NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- the Chemical Biology Research Branch, NIDA and NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- From the Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, NIAAA, and
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Soubias O, Teague WE, Hines KG, Gawrisch K. Cholesterol Enhances or Reduces Metarhodopsin II Formation Depending on Bilayer Thickness. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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45
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Kimura T, Macke L, Gawrisch K, Yeliseev A. Effect of Anionic Lipids on Structure and Function of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor in Micelles and in Reconstituted Liposomes. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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46
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Teague WE, Soubias O, Fuller NL, Rand RP, Gawrisch K. Curvature Elastic Properties of Phosphatidylethanolamines with Mono-and Polyunsaturated Hydrocarbon Chains - An NMR and X-Ray Diffraction Study. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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47
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Song KC, Venable RM, Maliniak A, Im W, Gawrisch K, Pastor RW. Molecular Dynamics Simulation, 31P-NMR Spectroscopy, and Microelectrophoretic Studies of Cardiolipin Bilayers. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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48
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Krepkiy D, Gawrisch K, Swartz KJ. Protein- Lipid Interactions in Lipid Reconstituted Potassium Channel Voltage-Sensing Domains. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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49
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Soubias O, Gawrisch K. The role of the lipid matrix for structure and function of the GPCR rhodopsin. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1818:234-40. [PMID: 21924236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivation of rhodopsin in lipid bilayers results within milliseconds in a metarhodopsin I (MI)-metarhodopsin II (MII) equilibrium that is very sensitive to the lipid composition. It has been well established that lipid bilayers that are under negative curvature elastic stress from incorporation of lipids like phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) favor formation of MII, the rhodopsin photointermediate that is capable of activating G protein. Furthermore, formation of the MII state is favored by negatively charged lipids like phosphatidylserine and by lipids with longer hydrocarbon chains that yield bilayers with larger membrane hydrophobic thickness. Cholesterol and rhodopsin-rhodopsin interactions from crowding of rhodopsin molecules in lipid bilayers shift the MI-MII equilibrium towards MI. A variety of mechanisms seems to be responsible for the large, lipid-induced shifts between MI and MII: adjustment of the thickness of lipid bilayers to rhodopsin and adjustment of rhodopsin helicity to the thickness of bilayers, curvature elastic deformations in the lipid matrix surrounding the protein, direct interactions of PE headgroups and polyunsaturated hydrocarbon chains with rhodopsin, and direct or lipid-mediated interactions between rhodopsin molecules. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane protein structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Soubias
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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50
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Kimura T, Yeliseev A, Mihailescu M, Cheng K, Rice KC, Gawrisch K. Solid-State NMR Study of Ligand Binding to Human Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptor CB2. Biophys J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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