1
|
Fiorentino F, Nocentini A, Rotili D, Supuran CT, Mai A. Antihistamines, phenothiazine-based antipsychotics, and tricyclic antidepressants potently activate pharmacologically relevant human carbonic anhydrase isoforms II and VII. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2188147. [PMID: 36912265 PMCID: PMC10013323 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2188147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are important regulators of pH homeostasis and participate in many physiological and pathological processes. CA activators (CAAs) are becoming increasingly important in the biomedical field since enhancing CA activity may have beneficial effects at neurological level. Here, we investigate selected antihistamines, phenothiazine-based antipsychotics, and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) as potential activators of human CAs I, II, IV, and VII. Our findings indicate that these compounds are more effective at activating hCA II and VII compared to hCA I and IV. Overall, hCA VII was the most efficiently activated isoform, particularly by phenothiazines and TCAs. This is especially relevant since hCA VII is the most abundant isoform in the central nervous system (CNS) and is implicated in neuronal signalling and bicarbonate balance regulation. This study offers additional insights into the pharmacological profiles of clinically employed drugs and sets the ground for the development of novel optimised CAAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fiorentino
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Polo Scientifico, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Pasteur Institute, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Supuran CT. A simple yet multifaceted 90 years old, evergreen enzyme: Carbonic anhydrase, its inhibition and activation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129411. [PMID: 37507055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) research over the last three decades are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the development of isoform-selective inhibitors/ activators by the tail approach and their applications in the management of obesity, hypoxic tumors, neurological conditions, and as antiinfectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poggetti V, Salerno S, Baglini E, Barresi E, Da Settimo F, Taliani S. Carbonic Anhydrase Activators for Neurodegeneration: An Overview. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082544. [PMID: 35458743 PMCID: PMC9031706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of ubiquitous metal enzymes catalyzing the reversible conversion of CO2 and H2O to HCO3− with the release of a proton. They play an important role in pH regulation and in the balance of body fluids and are involved in several functions such as homeostasis regulation and cellular respiration. For these reasons, they have been studied as targets for the development of agents for treating several pathologies. CA inhibitors have been used in therapy for a long time, especially as diuretics and for the treatment of glaucoma, and are being investigated for application in other pathologies including obesity, cancer, and epilepsy. On the contrary, CAs activators are still poorly studied. They are proposed to act as additional (other than histidine) proton shuttles in the rate-limiting step of the CA catalytic cycle, which is the generation of the active hydroxylated enzyme. Recent studies highlight the involvement of CAs activation in brain processes essential for the transmission of neuronal signals, suggesting CAs activation might represent a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and other conditions characterized by memory impairment and cognitive problems. Actually, some compounds able to activate CAs have been identified and proposed to potentially resolve problems related to neurodegeneration. This review reports on the primary literature regarding the potential of CA activators for treating neurodegeneration-related diseases.
Collapse
|
4
|
Amine- and Amino Acid-Based Compounds as Carbonic Anhydrase Activators. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237331. [PMID: 34885917 PMCID: PMC8659172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
After being rather neglected as a research field in the past, carbonic anhydrase activators (CAAs) were undoubtedly demonstrated to be useful in diverse pharmaceutical and industrial applications. They also improved the knowledge of the requirements to selectively interact with a CA isoform over the others and confirmed the catalytic mechanism of this class of compounds. Amino acid and amine derivatives were the most explored in in vitro, in vivo and crystallographic studies as CAAs. Most of them were able to activate human or non-human CA isoforms in the nanomolar range, being proposed as therapeutic and industrial tools. Some isoforms are better activated by amino acids than amines derivatives and the stereochemistry may exert a role. Finally, non-human CAs have been very recently tested for activation studies, paving the way to innovative industrial and environmental applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Provensi G, Nocentini A, Passani MB, Blandina P, Supuran CT. Activation of carbonic anhydrase isoforms involved in modulation of emotional memory and cognitive disorders with histamine agonists, antagonists and derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:719-726. [PMID: 33648390 PMCID: PMC7928026 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1891051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) activators were shown to be involved in memory enhancement and learning in animal models of cognition. Here we investigated the CA activating effects of a large series of histamine based compounds, including histamine receptors (H1R - H4R) agonists, antagonists and other derivatives of this autacoid. CA activators may be thus useful for improving cognition as well as in diverse therapeutic areas (phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders), for which activation of this enzyme was recently shown to be involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Provensi
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Passani
- Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Firenze, Italy
| | - Patrizio Blandina
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nocentini A, Angeli A, Carta F, Winum JY, Zalubovskis R, Carradori S, Capasso C, Donald WA, Supuran CT. Reconsidering anion inhibitors in the general context of drug design studies of modulators of activity of the classical enzyme carbonic anhydrase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:561-580. [PMID: 33615947 PMCID: PMC7901698 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1882453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic anions inhibit the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) generally by coordinating to the active site metal ion. Cyanate was reported as a non-coordinating CA inhibitor but those erroneous results were subsequently corrected by another group. We review the anion CA inhibitors (CAIs) in the more general context of drug design studies and the discovery of a large number of inhibitor classes and inhibition mechanisms, including zinc binders (sulphonamides and isosteres, dithiocabamates and isosteres, thiols, selenols, benzoxaboroles, ninhydrins, etc.); inhibitors anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule (phenols, polyamines, sulfocoumarins, thioxocoumarins, catechols); CAIs occluding the entrance to the active site (coumarins and derivatives, lacosamide), as well as compounds that bind outside the active site. All these new chemotypes integrated with a general procedure for obtaining isoform-selective compounds (the tail approach) has resulted, through the guidance of rigorous X-ray crystallography experiments, in the development of highly selective CAIs for all human CA isoforms with many pharmacological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Raivis Zalubovskis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - William A Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andring JT, Fouch M, Akocak S, Angeli A, Supuran CT, Ilies MA, McKenna R. Structural Basis of Nanomolar Inhibition of Tumor-Associated Carbonic Anhydrase IX: X-Ray Crystallographic and Inhibition Study of Lipophilic Inhibitors with Acetazolamide Backbone. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13064-13075. [PMID: 33085484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This study provides a structure-activity relationship study of a series of lipophilic carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors with an acetazolamide backbone. The inhibitors were tested against the tumor-expressed CA isozyme IX (CA IX), and the cytosolic CA I, CA II, and membrane-bound CA IV. The study identified several low nanomolar potent inhibitors against CA IX, with lipophilicities spanning two log units. Very potent pan-inhibitors with nanomolar potency against CA IX and sub-nanomolar potency against CA II and CA IV, and with potency against CA I one order of magnitude better than the parent acetazolamide 1 were also identified in this study, together with compounds that displayed selectivity against membrane-bound CA IV. A comprehensive X-ray crystallographic study (12 crystal structures), involving both CA II and a soluble CA IX mimetic (CA IX-mimic), revealed the structural basis of this particular inhibition profile and laid the foundation for further developments toward more potent and selective inhibitors for the tumor-expressed CA IX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Andring
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Mallorie Fouch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff no. 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff no. 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marc A Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bozdag M, Altamimi ASA, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Carta F. State of the Art on Carbonic Anhydrase Modulators for Biomedical Purposes. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2558-2573. [PMID: 29932025 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180622120625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The current review is intended to highlight recent advances in the search of new and effective modulators of the metalloenzymes Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) expressed in humans (h). CAs reversibly catalyze the CO2 hydration reaction, which is of crucial importance in the regulation of a plethora of fundamental processes at cellular level as well as in complex organisms. The first section of this review will be dedicated to compounds acting as activators of the hCAs (CAAs) and their promising effects on central nervous system affecting pathologies mainly characterized from memory and learning impairments. The second part will focus on the emerging chemical classes acting as hCA inhibitors (CAIs) and their potential use for the treatment of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Bozdag
- Universita degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Abdulmalik Saleh Alfawaz Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, PO Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Universita degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Universita degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Universita degli Studi di Firenze, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural parameterization of human carbonic anhydrase interactions toward enhanced inhibitor design. Q Rev Biophys 2019; 51:e10. [PMID: 30912486 DOI: 10.1017/s0033583518000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of rational drug design is to develop small molecules using a quantitative approach to optimize affinity. This should enhance the development of chemical compounds that would specifically, selectively, reversibly, and with high affinity interact with a target protein. It is not yet possible to develop such compounds using computational (i.e., in silico) approach and instead the lead molecules are discovered in high-throughput screening searches of large compound libraries. The main reason why in silico methods are not capable to deliver is our poor understanding of the compound structure-thermodynamics and structure-kinetics correlations. There is a need for databases of intrinsic binding parameters (e.g., the change upon binding in standard Gibbs energy (ΔGint), enthalpy (ΔHint), entropy (ΔSint), volume (ΔVintr), heat capacity (ΔCp,int), association rate (ka,int), and dissociation rate (kd,int)) between a series of closely related proteins and a chemically diverse, but pharmacophoric group-guided library of compounds together with the co-crystal structures that could help explain the structure-energetics correlations and rationally design novel compounds. Assembly of these data will facilitate attempts to provide correlations and train data for modeling of compound binding. Here, we report large datasets of the intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic data including over 400 primary sulfonamide compound binding to a family of 12 catalytically active human carbonic anhydrases (CA). Thermodynamic parameters have been determined by the fluorescent thermal shift assay, isothermal titration calorimetry, and by the stopped-flow assay of the inhibition of enzymatic activity. Kinetic measurements were performed using surface plasmon resonance. Intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of binding were determined by dissecting the binding-linked protonation reactions of the protein and sulfonamide. The compound structure-thermodynamics and kinetics correlations reported here helped to discover compounds that exhibited picomolar affinities, hour-long residence times, and million-fold selectivities over non-target CA isoforms. Drug-lead compounds are suggested for anticancer target CA IX and CA XII, antiglaucoma CA IV, antiobesity CA VA and CA VB, and other isoforms. Together with 85 X-ray crystallographic structures of 60 compounds bound to six CA isoforms, the database should be of help to continue developing the principles of rational target-based drug design.
Collapse
|
10
|
Angeli A, Del Prete S, Pinteala M, Maier SS, Donald WA, Simionescu BC, Capasso C, Supuran CT. The first activation study of the β-carbonic anhydrases from the pathogenic bacteria Brucella suis and Francisella tularensis with amines and amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:1178-1185. [PMID: 31282230 PMCID: PMC6691884 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1630617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of the β-class carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the bacteria Brucella suis and Francisella tularensis with amine and amino acids was investigated. BsuCA 1 was sensitive to activation with amino acids and amines, whereas FtuCA was not. The most effective BsuCA 1 activators were L-adrenaline and D-Tyr (KAs of 0.70–0.95 µM). L-His, L-/D-Phe, L-/D-DOPA, L-Trp, L-Tyr, 4-amino-L-Phe, dopamine, 2-pyridyl-methylamine, D-Glu and L-Gln showed activation constants in the range of 0.70–3.21 µM. FtuCA was sensitive to activation with L-Glu (KA of 9.13 µM). Most of the investigated compounds showed a weak activating effect against FtuCA (KAs of 30.5–78.3 µM). Many of the investigated amino acid and amines are present in high concentrations in many tissues in vertebrates, and their role in the pathogenicity of the two bacteria is poorly understood. Our study may bring insights in processes connected with invasion and pathogenic effects of intracellular bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- a Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- b Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania
| | - Stelian S Maier
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania.,d Polymers Research Center, Polymeric Release Systems Research Group , "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iasi , Iasi , Romania
| | - William A Donald
- e School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | - Bogdan C Simionescu
- c Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department , "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry , Iasi , Romania
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Neurofarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy.,e School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The physiologic importance of fast CO2/HCO3- interconversion in various tissues requires the presence of carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Fourteen CA isozymes are present in humans, all of them being used as biomarkers. AREAS COVERED A great number of patents and articles were focused on the use of CA isozymes as biomarkers for various diseases and syndromes in the recent years, in an ascending trend over the last decade. The review highlights the most important studies related with each isozyme and covers the most recent patent literature. EXPERT OPINION The CAs biomarker research area expanded significantly in recent years, shifting from the predominant use of CA IX and CA XII in cancer diagnostic, staging, and prognosis towards a wider use of CA isozymes as disease biomarkers. CA isozymes are currently used either alone, in tandem with other CA isozymes and/or in combination with other proteins for the detection, staging, and prognosis of a huge repertoire of human dysfunctions and diseases, ranging from mild transformation of the normal tissues to extreme shifts in tissue organization and function. The techniques used for their detection/quantitation and the state-of-the-art in each clinical application are presented through relevant clinical examples and corresponding statistical data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Zamanova
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ahmed M Shabana
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Utpal K Mondal
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Marc A Ilies
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research , Temple University School of Pharmacy , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Temple Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Angeli A, Kuuslahti M, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Activation studies with amines and amino acids of the α-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4187-4190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
13
|
Angeli A, Alasmary FAS, Del Prete S, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Donald WA, Capasso C, Supuran CT. The first activation study of a δ-carbonic anhydrase: TweCAδ from the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii is effectively activated by amines and amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29536765 PMCID: PMC6009927 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1447570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the δ-class carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (TweCAδ) was investigated using a panel of natural and non-natural amino acids and amines. The most effective activator of TweCAδ was d-Tyr (KA of 51 nM), whereas several other amino acids and amines, such as L-His, L-Trp, d-Trp, dopamine and serotonin were submicromolar activators (KAs from 0.51 to 0.93 µM). The most ineffective activator of TweCAδ was 4-amino-l-Phe (18.9 µM), whereas d-His, l-/d-Phe, l-/d-DOPA, l-Tyr, histamine, some pyridyl-alkylamines, l-adrenaline and aminoethyl-piperazine/morpholine were moderately potent activators (KAs from 1.34 to 8.16 µM). For any δ-CA, there are no data on the crystal structure, homology modelling and the amino acid residues that are responsible for proton transfer to the active site are currently unknown making it challenging to provide a detailed rational for these findings. However, these data provide further evidence that this class of underexplored CA deserves more attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- a Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
| | - Fatmah A S Alasmary
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- a Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy.,c Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse , CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- b Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - William A Donald
- d School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Department of Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy.,d School of Chemistry , University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Angeli A, Donald WA, Parkkila S, Supuran CT. Activation studies with amines and amino acids of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic protozoan Leishmania donovani chagasi. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:406-410. [PMID: 29689418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The activation of a β-class carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from Leishmania donovani chagasi (LdcCA) was investigated using a panel of natural and non-natural amino acids and amines. The most effective activators belonged to the amine class, with histamine, dopamine, serotonin, 2-pyridyl-methylamine and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine with activation constants in the range of 0.23-0.94 µM. In addition, 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine and 1-(aminoethyl)-piperazine were even more effective activators (KAs of 9-12 nM). Amino acids such as L-/D-His, L-/D-Phe, L-/D-DOPA, L-/D-Trp and L-/D-Tyr were slightly less effective activators compared to the amines, but showed activation constants in the low micromolar range (1.27-9.16 µM). Many of the investigated activators are autacoids that are present in rather high concentrations in different tissues of the host mammals infected by these parasites. As CA activators have not yet been investigated for protozoan CAs, this study may be relevant for an improved understanding of the role of this enzyme in the life cycle of Leishmania.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - William A Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Mammalian carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) of which 16 isoforms are known, are involved in important physiological functions. Their inhibition is exploited pharmacologically for the treatment of many diseases (glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, obesity, hypoxic tumors, neuropathic pain, etc.) but the activators were less investigated till recently. A review on the CA activation is presented, with the activation mechanism, drug design approaches of activators and comparison of the various isoforms activation profiles being discussed. Some CAs, which are abundant in the brain, were recently demonstrated to be activatable by drug-like compounds, affording the possibility to design agents that enhance cognition, with potential therapeutic applications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases as well as tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
16
|
Akocak S, Lolak N, Vullo D, Durgun M, Supuran CT. Synthesis and biological evaluation of histamine Schiff bases as carbonic anhydrase I, II, IV, VII, and IX activators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 32:1305-1312. [PMID: 29072105 PMCID: PMC6010137 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1386660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 20 histamine Schiff base was synthesised by reaction of histamine, a well known carbonic anhydrase (CA, E.C 4.2.2.1.) activator pharmacophore, with substituted aldehydes. The obtained histamine Schiff bases were assayed as activators of five selected human (h) CA isozymes, the cytosolic hCA I, hCA II, and hCA VII, the membrane-anchored hCA IV and transmembrane hCA IX. Some of these compounds showed efficient activity (in the nanomolar range) against the cytosolic isoform hCA VII, which is a key CA enzyme involved in brain metabolism. Moderate activity was observed against hCA I and hCA IV (in the nanomolar to low micromolar range). The structure–activity relationship for activation of these isoforms with the new histamine Schiff bases is discussed in detail based on the nature of the aliphatic, aromatic, or heterocyclic moiety present in the aldehyde fragment of the molecule, which may participate in diverse interactions with amino acid residues at the entrance of the active site, where activators bind, and which is the most variable part among the different CA isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Adiyaman University , Adiyaman , Turkey
| | - Nabih Lolak
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Adiyaman University , Adiyaman , Turkey
| | - Daniela Vullo
- b NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature , Harran University , Sanliurfa , Turkey
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Florence , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Five- and Six-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Compounds as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase Activators. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122178. [PMID: 29232847 PMCID: PMC6149746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proven that specific isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) are able to fine-tune physiological pathways connected to signal processing, and that decreased CAs expression negatively influences cognition, leading to mental retardation, Alzheimer's disease, and aging-related cognitive dysfunctions. For this reason, a small library of natural and synthetic nitrogen containing cyclic derivatives was assayed as activators of four human isoforms of carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II, IV and VII). Most of the compounds activated hCA I, IV and VII in the micromolar range, with KAs ranging between 3.46 and 80.5 μM, whereas they were not active towards hCA II (KAs > 100 μM). Two natural compounds, namely l-(+)-ergothioneine (1) and melatonin (2), displayed KAs towards hCA VII in the nanomolar range after evaluation by a CO₂ hydration method in vitro, showing a rather efficient and selective activation profile with respect to histamine, used as a reference compound. Corroborated with the above in vitro findings, a molecular modelling in silico approach has been performed to correlate these biological data, and to elucidate the binding interaction of these activators within the enzyme active site.
Collapse
|
18
|
Biocalcite and Carbonic Acid Activators. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28238040 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51284-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Based on evolution of biomineralizing systems and energetic considerations, there is now compelling evidence that enzymes play a driving role in the formation of the inorganic skeletons from the simplest animals, the sponges, up to humans. Focusing on skeletons based on calcium minerals, the principle enzymes involved are the carbonic anhydrase (formation of the calcium carbonate-based skeletons of many invertebrates like the calcareous sponges, as well as deposition of the calcium carbonate bioseeds during human bone formation) and the alkaline phosphatase (providing the phosphate for bone calcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite formation). These two enzymes, both being involved in human bone formation, open novel not yet exploited targets for pharmacological intervention of human bone diseases like osteoporosis, using compounds that act as activators of these enzymes. This chapter focuses on carbonic anhydrases of biomedical interest and the search for potential activators of these enzymes, was well as the interplay between carbonic anhydrase-mediated calcium carbonate bioseed synthesis and metabolism of energy-rich inorganic polyphosphates. Beyond that, the combination of the two metabolic products, calcium carbonate and calcium-polyphosphate, if applied in an amorphous form, turned out to provide the basis for a new generation of scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering and repair that are, for the first time, morphogenetically active.
Collapse
|
19
|
Draghici B, Vullo D, Akocak S, Walker EA, Supuran CT, Ilies MA. Ethylene bis-imidazoles are highly potent and selective activators for isozymes VA and VII of carbonic anhydrase, with a potential nootropic effect. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5980-3. [PMID: 24763985 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02346c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of ethylene bis-imidazoles was synthesized via a novel microwave-mediated synthesis. Biological testing on eight isozymes of carbonic anhydrase (CA) present in the human brain revealed compounds with nanomolar potency against CA VA and CA VII, also displaying excellent selectivity against other CA isozymes present in this organ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Draghici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA-19140, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang L, Peng XM, Damu GLV, Geng RX, Zhou CH. Comprehensive review in current developments of imidazole-based medicinal chemistry. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:340-437. [PMID: 23740514 DOI: 10.1002/med.21290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Imidazole ring is an important five-membered aromatic heterocycle widely present in natural products and synthetic molecules. The unique structural feature of imidazole ring with desirable electron-rich characteristic is beneficial for imidazole derivatives to readily bind with a variety of enzymes and receptors in biological systems through diverse weak interactions, thereby exhibiting broad bioactivities. The related research and developments of imidazole-based medicinal chemistry have become a rapidly developing and increasingly active topic. Particularly, numerous imidazole-based compounds as clinical drugs have been extensively used in the clinic to treat various types of diseases with high therapeutic potency, which have shown the enormous development value. This work systematically gives a comprehensive review in current developments of imidazole-based compounds in the whole range of medicinal chemistry as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, antineuropathic, antihypertensive, antihistaminic, antiparasitic, antiobesity, antiviral, and other medicinal agents, together with their potential applications in diagnostics and pathology. It is hoped that this review will be helpful for new thoughts in the quest for rational designs of more active and less toxic imidazole-based medicinal drugs, as well as more effective diagnostic agents and pathologic probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Mono-/dihydroxybenzoic acid esters and phenol pyridinium derivatives as inhibitors of the mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX, XII and XIV. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1564-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
22
|
Büyükkıdan N, Büyükkıdan B, Bülbül M, Özer S, Gonca Yalçın H. Synthesis and characterization of phenolic Mannich bases and effects of these compounds on human carbonic anhydrase isozymes I and II. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 28:337-42. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.693919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nurgün Büyükkıdan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University,
Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Bülent Büyükkıdan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University,
Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Metin Bülbül
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University,
Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Salih Özer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University,
Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Gonca Yalçın
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University,
Kütahya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sheng Y, Ren Y. Computational Study on a HS– Sensing Reaction Utilizing a Pyrylium Derivative. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5420-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300353y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Sheng
- Department of Chemistry & Mathematics, College of Arts & Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard, South, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Yi Ren
- College of Chemistry,
and Key State Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Saada MC, Vullo D, Montero JL, Scozzafava A, Winum JY, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase I and II activation with mono- and dihalogenated histamine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4884-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
25
|
Dave K, Scozzafava A, Vullo D, Supuran CT, Ilies MA. Pyridinium derivatives of histamine are potent activators of cytosolic carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II and VII. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2790-800. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00703j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|