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Natallia L, Dama A, Gorica E, Darya K, Peña-Corona SI, Cortés H, Santini A, Büsselberg D, Leyva-Gómez G, Sharifi-Rad J. Genipin's potential as an anti-cancer agent: from phytochemical origins to clinical prospects. Med Oncol 2024; 41:186. [PMID: 38918260 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted aspects of genipin, a bioactive compound derived from medicinal plants, focusing on its anti-cancer potential. The review begins by detailing the sources and phytochemical properties of genipin, underscoring its significance in traditional medicine and its transition into contemporary cancer research. It then explores the intricate relationship between genipin's chemical structure and its observed anti-cancer activity, highlighting the molecular underpinnings contributing to its therapeutic potential. This is complemented by a thorough analysis of preclinical studies, which investigates genipin's efficacy against various cancer cell lines and its mechanisms of action at the cellular level. A crucial component of the review is the examination of genipin's bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, providing insights into how the compound is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body. Then, this review offers a general and updated overview of the anti-cancer studies of genipin and its derivatives based on its basic molecular mechanisms, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and disruption of cancer cell signaling pathways. We include information that complements the genipin study, such as toxicity data, and we differentiate this review by including commercial status, disposition, and regulation. Also, this review of genipin stands out for incorporating information on proposals for a technological approach through its load in nanotechnology to improve its bioavailability. The culmination of this information positions genipin as a promising candidate for developing novel anti-cancer drugs capable of supplementing or enhancing current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lapava Natallia
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus.
| | - Aida Dama
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
| | - Era Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Zogu I Blvd., 1001, Tirana, Albania
- Center for Translational and Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich and University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karaliova Darya
- Medicine Standardization Department of Vitebsk State Medical University, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wang L, Chen S, Liu S, Biu AM, Han Y, Jin X, Liang C, Liu Y, Li J, Fang S, Chang Y. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and quality control of gardeniae fructus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117397. [PMID: 37956915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardeniae Fructus (GF), the desiccative mature fruitage of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (G. jasminoides), belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It has abundant medicinal value, such as purging fire and eliminating annoyance, clearing heat and diuresis, cooling blood, and detoxifying. GF is usually used in combination with other drugs to treat diseases such as fever and jaundice in damp heat syndrome in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) clinical practice. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress in botany, traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology, which aims to provide a scientific basis for the rational application and future research of GF. MATERIALS AND METHODS ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Embase, Scopus etc. databases were retrieved to gain the comprehensive information of GF. RESULTS At present, more than 215 compounds were isolated and identified from GF, including iridoids, diterpenes, triterpenoids, flavonoids, organic esters, and so on. The traditional application of GF mainly focused on clearing heat and detoxification. Pharmacological studies proved that GF had anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, antifatigue, antithrombotic, liver and gallbladder protection, and other pharmacological effects. In addition, many improved processing methods can alleviate the side effects and toxic reactions caused by long-term use of GF, so controlling its quality through multi-component content measurement has become an important means of research. CONCLUSION GF has a wide range of applications, the mechanisms by which some effective substances exert their pharmacological effects have not been clearly explained due to the complexity and diversity of its components. This review systematically elaborates on the traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, and toxicology of GF, and it is expected to become a candidate drug for treating diseases, such as depression, pancreatitis, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Suyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Abdulmumin Muhammad Biu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xingyue Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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López-López D, Razo-Hernández RS, Millán-Pacheco C, Leyva-Peralta MA, Peña-Morán OA, Sánchez-Carranza JN, Rodríguez-López V. Ligand-Based Drug Design of Genipin Derivatives with Cytotoxic Activity against HeLa Cell Line: A Structural and Theoretical Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1647. [PMID: 38139774 PMCID: PMC10748106 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplastic disease, mainly associated to HPV infection, with high mortality rates. Among natural products, iridoids have shown different biological activities, including cytotoxic and antitumor effects, in different cancer cell types. Geniposide and its aglycone Genipin have been assessed against different types of cancer. In this work, both iridoids were evaluated against HeLa and three different cervical cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we performed a SAR analysis incorporating 13 iridoids with a high structural similarity to Geniposide and Genipin, also tested in the HeLa cell line and at the same treatment time. Derived from this analysis, we found that the dipole moment (magnitude and direction) is key for their cytotoxic activity in the HeLa cell line. Then, we proceeded to the ligand-based design of new Genipin derivatives through a QSAR model (R2 = 87.95 and Q2 = 62.33) that incorporates different quantum mechanic molecular descriptor types (ρ, ΔPSA, ∆Polarizability2, and logS). Derived from the ligand-based design, we observed that the presence of an aldehyde or a hydroxymethyl in C4, hydroxyls in C1, C6, and C8, and the lack of the double bond in C7-C8 increased the predicted biological activity of the iridoids. Finally, ten simple iridoids (D9, D107, D35, D36, D55, D56, D58, D60, D61, and D62) are proposed as potential cytotoxic agents against the HeLa cell line based on their predicted IC50 value and electrostatic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana López-López
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Quimioinformática y Diseño de Fármacos, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - César Millán-Pacheco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
| | - Mario Alberto Leyva-Peralta
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Sonora 83621, Mexico;
| | - Omar Aristeo Peña-Morán
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Quintana Roo, Chetumal 77019, Mexico;
| | | | - Verónica Rodríguez-López
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico; (D.L.-L.); (C.M.-P.); (J.N.S.-C.)
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Luby A, Alves-Guerra MC. UCP2 as a Cancer Target through Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Control. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315077. [PMID: 36499405 PMCID: PMC9735768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous therapies, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to the lack of markers for early detection and response to treatment in many patients. Technological advances in tumor screening and renewed interest in energy metabolism have allowed us to identify new cellular players in order to develop personalized treatments. Among the metabolic actors, the mitochondrial transporter uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), whose expression is increased in many cancers, has been identified as an interesting target in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Over the past decade, a better understanding of its biochemical and physiological functions has established a role for UCP2 in (1) protecting cells from oxidative stress, (2) regulating tumor progression through changes in glycolytic, oxidative and calcium metabolism, and (3) increasing antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment to limit cancer development. With these pleiotropic roles, UCP2 can be considered as a potential tumor biomarker that may be interesting to target positively or negatively, depending on the type, metabolic status and stage of tumors, in combination with conventional chemotherapy or immunotherapy to control tumor development and increase response to treatment. This review provides an overview of the latest published science linking mitochondrial UCP2 activity to the tumor context.
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Zhou H, Li F, Li Y. Anti-Cancer Activity of Gedunin by Induction of Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer AGS Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5322-5332. [PMID: 35759172 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Currently, gastric cancer is considered one of the major causes of high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Recent advances in therapeutics, clinical treatment, staging procedures, and imaging techniques are high, yet the prevalence of gastric cancer has not been reduced. Usage of the synthetic drug has many side effects that can lead to other ailments. Gedunin, a phytochemical derived from Azadirachta indica (neem tree), exhibits several pharmacological activities including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antipyretics, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic, and antimalarial properties. In the current investigation, the effect of gedunin on the cell viability; reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by DCFH-DA staining; mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by Rh-123 staining; apoptosis by AO/EtBr staining; cell migration and wound healing ability by wound scratch assay; and Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 by ELISA techniques were analyzed in the AGS cells. The treatment with gedunin effectively inhibited the cell viability with IC50 = 20µM, increased the ROS generation, and triggered the apoptosis in AGS cells. The gedunin-treated AGS cells also demonstrated a decreased MMP status. The increment in the ROS generation leads to oxidative stress which in turn induce the apoptosis. The activity of Bax gene was upregulated and the activity of Bcl-2 gene was down-regulated in the AGS cells after the treatment with gedunin. In the AGS cells treated with gedunin, the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were increased. In overall, these findings suggested that gedunin can be used as a potent chemotherapeutic agent in the future to treat gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heying Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Jiyang District People's Hospital, No. 17, Xinyuan Road, Jiyang District, 251400, Ji Nan City, China
| | - Fengxia Li
- College of Health, Binzhou Polytechnic, No. 919, Huanghe 12th Road, 256603, Binzhou City, China
| | - Yanli Li
- College of Health, Binzhou Polytechnic, No. 919, Huanghe 12th Road, 256603, Binzhou City, China.
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Genipin, an Inhibitor of UCP2 as a Promising New Anticancer Agent: A Review of the Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105637. [PMID: 35628447 PMCID: PMC9147402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genipin is a protein cross-linking agent extracted from Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) fruits. This fruit has conventionally been used as a Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammation and jaundice and as an edible colorant in oriental countries. Uncoupling protein (UCP)-2 is a member of the family of uncoupling proteins, which are anion transporters positioned in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Genipin has been shown to have hepatoprotective activity, acting as an effective antioxidant and inhibitor of mitochondrial UCP2, and is also reported to exert significant anticancer effects. In this review, the author presents the latest progress of genipin as an anticancer agent and concisely describes its various mechanisms of action. In brief, genipin inhibits UCP2 to attenuate generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to ROS/c-Jun N-terminal kinase-dependent apoptosis of cancer cells. Genipin also increases the tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, a kind of tumor promoter in a variety of cancers, as well as induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in in vitro and in vivo models. These findings suggest that genipin can serve as a promising novel antitumor agent that could be applicable for chemotherapy and/or chemoprevention for cancers.
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Amewu RK, Sakyi PO, Osei-Safo D, Addae-Mensah I. Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Heterocyclic Anticancer Compounds with Multiple Biological Targets. Molecules 2021; 26:7134. [PMID: 34885716 PMCID: PMC8658833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex group of diseases initiated by abnormal cell division with the potential of spreading to other parts of the body. The advancement in the discoveries of omics and bio- and cheminformatics has led to the identification of drugs inhibiting putative targets including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family receptors, fibroblast growth factors (FGF), platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), and neuropeptide Y4 (NY4), amongst others. Drug resistance, systemic toxicity, and drug ineffectiveness for various cancer chemo-treatments are widespread. Due to this, efficient therapeutic agents targeting two or more of the putative targets in different cancer cells are proposed as cutting edge treatments. Heterocyclic compounds, both synthetic and natural products, have, however, contributed immensely to chemotherapeutics for treatments of various diseases, but little is known about such compounds and their multimodal anticancer properties. A compendium of heterocyclic synthetic and natural product multitarget anticancer compounds, their IC50, and biological targets of inhibition are therefore presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kwamla Amewu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
| | - Patrick Opare Sakyi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani P.O. Box 214, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Osei-Safo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
| | - Ivan Addae-Mensah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 56, Ghana; (R.K.A.); (P.O.S.); (D.O.-S.)
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Zhang SX, Liu W, Ai B, Sun LL, Chen ZS, Lin LZ. Current Advances and Outlook in Gastric Cancer Chemoresistance: A Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:26-41. [PMID: 34587888 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210929165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of the lesion is the standard primary treatment of gastric cancer. Unfortunately, most patients are already in the advanced stage of the disease when they are diagnosed with gastric cancer. Alternative therapies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, can achieve only very limited benefits. The emergence of cancer drug resistance has always been the major obstacle to the cure of tumors. The main goal of modern cancer pharmacology is to determine the underlying mechanism of anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE Here, we mainly review the latest research results related to the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer, the application of natural products in overcoming the chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer, and the new strategies currently being developed to treat tumors based on immunotherapy and gene therapy. CONCLUSION The emergence of cancer drug resistance is the main obstacle in achieving alleviation and final cure for gastric cancer. Mixed therapies are considered to be a possible way to overcome chemoresistance. Natural products are the main resource for discovering new drugs specific for treating chemoresistance, and further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of natural product activity in patients. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, 510440. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006. China
| | - Bo Ai
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, New York. United States
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
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Li XF, Sun HY, Hua T, Zhang HB, Tian YJ, Li Y, Kang S. Promoter Methylation of the MGRN1 Gene Predicts Prognosis and Response to Chemotherapy of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:659254. [PMID: 34268111 PMCID: PMC8277380 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is considered to play a critical role in the chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In this study, we explored the relationship between hypermethylation of the Mahogunin Ring Finger 1 (MGRN1) gene promoter and primary chemoresistance and clinical outcomes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. The MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry assays revealed a strong association between hypermethylation of the MGRN1 upstream region and platinum resistance in HGSOC patients. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative connection between the methylation level of MGRN1 and its expression in HGSOC. In vitro analysis demonstrated that knockdown of MGRN1 reduced the sensitivity of cells to cisplatin and that expression of EGR1 was significantly decreased in SKOV3 cells with low levels of MGRN1 expression. Similarly, EGR1 mRNA expression was lower in platinum-resistant HGSOC patients and was positively correlated with MGRN1 mRNA expression. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that high methylation of the MGRN1 promoter region and low expression of MGRN1 were associated with worse survival of HGSOC patients. In multivariable models, low MGRN1 expression was an independent factor predicting poor outcome. Furthermore, low expression of EGR1 was also been confirmed to be significantly related to the poor prognosis of HGSOC patients by Kaplan-Meier. The hypermethylation of the MGRN1 promoter region and low expression of MGRN1 were associated with platinum resistance and poor outcomes in HGSOC patients, probably by altering EGR1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hai-Yan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Tian Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Affiliated Xing Tai People Hospital of Hebei Medial University, Xingtai, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yun-Jie Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University, Fourth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Chapman FM, Sparham C, Hastie C, Sanders DJ, van Egmond R, Chapman KE, Doak SH, Scott AD, Jenkins GJS. Comparison of passive-dosed and solvent spiked exposures of pro-carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene, to human lymphoblastoid cell line, MCL-5. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 67:104905. [PMID: 32497684 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxicity testing methods in vitro provide a means to predict the DNA damaging effects of chemicals on human cells. This is hindered in the case of hydrophobic test compounds, however, which will partition to in vitro components such as plastic-ware and medium proteins, in preference to the aqueous phase of the exposure medium. This affects the freely available test chemical concentration, and as this freely dissolved aqueous concentration is that bioavailable to cells, it is important to define and maintain this exposure. Passive dosing promises to have an advantage over traditional 'solvent spiking' exposure methods and involves the establishment and maintenance of known chemical concentrations in the in vitro medium, and therefore aqueous phase. Passive dosing was applied in a novel format to expose the MCL-5 human lymphoblastoid cell line to the pro-carcinogen, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and was compared to solvent (dimethyl sulphoxide) spiked B[a]P exposures over 48 h. Passive dosing induced greater changes, at lower concentrations, to micronucleus frequency, p21 mRNA expression, cell cycle abnormalities, and cell and nuclear morphology. This was attributed to a maintained, definable, free chemical concentration using passive dosing and the presence or absence of solvent, and highlights the influence of exposure choice on genotoxic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona M Chapman
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science 1, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Chris Sparham
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Colin Hastie
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - David J Sanders
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Roger van Egmond
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Katherine E Chapman
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science 1, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Shareen H Doak
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science 1, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Andrew D Scott
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- In Vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Science 1, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
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Neri-Numa IA, Pessôa MG, Arruda HS, Pereira GA, Paulino BN, Angolini CFF, Ruiz ALTG, Pastore GM. Genipap (Genipa americana L.) fruit extract as a source of antioxidant and antiproliferative iridoids. Food Res Int 2020; 134:109252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Jeong JH, Kim H, Park SH, Park H, Jeong M, Kwak S, Sung GJ, Song JH, Na Y, Choi KC. A New TGF-β1 Inhibitor, CTI-82, Antagonizes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through Inhibition of Phospho-SMAD2/3 and Phospho-ERK. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070143. [PMID: 32605257 PMCID: PMC7408591 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment and known to play a multifunctional role in cancer progression. In addition, TGF-β1 promotes metastasis by inducing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of tumors. Thus, inhibition of TGF-β1 is considered an important strategy in the treatment of cancer. In most tumors, TGF-β1 signal transduction exhibits modified or non-functional characteristics, and TGF-β1 inhibitors have various inhibitory effects on cancer cells. Currently, many studies are being conducted to develop TGF-β1 inhibitors from non-toxic natural compounds. We aimed to develop a new TGF-β1 inhibitor to suppress EMT in cancer cells. As a result, improved chalcone-like chain CTI-82 was identified, and its effect was confirmed in vitro. We showed that CTI-82 blocked TGF-β1-induced EMT by inhibiting the cell migration and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells. In addition, CTI-82 reduced the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and inhibited the expression of various EMT markers. Our results suggest that CTI-82 inhibits tumor growth, migration, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Seung-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Hayeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Minseok Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Sungmin Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Gi-Jun Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
| | - Younghwa Na
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 487-010, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.); Fax: +82-2-3010-2642 (K.-C.C.)
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (H.K.); (S.-H.P.); (H.P.); (M.J.); (S.K.); (G.-J.S.); (J.-H.S.)
- Correspondence: (Y.N.); (K.-C.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3010-2087 (K.-C.C.); Fax: +82-2-3010-2642 (K.-C.C.)
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Wei M, Wu Y, Liu H, Xie C. Genipin Induces Autophagy and Suppresses Cell Growth of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via PI3K/AKT/MTOR Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:395-405. [PMID: 32099325 PMCID: PMC6996293 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s222694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and it accounts for more than 90% of oral cancer. Due to high mortality, limitations of traditional treatment and many complications, new treatment methods are urgently needed. This study aimed to look into the effect of new potential anti-tumor drug, genipin, on OSCC treatment. Methods In vitro, CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of genipin on SCC-9 and SCC-15 cell lines. Immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were used to investigate its mechanism. Xenograft tumor model was used to explore the role of genipin in vivo. Results We found that genipin suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, the expression of p62 was down-regulated while Beclin1 and LC3II were up-regulated in SCC-25 and SCC-9 cells. 3-methyladenine (3-MA) significantly decreased LC3 (LC3II)+ puncta, but genipin rescuect 3d this reduction. Furthermore, genipin also reduced the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR. In vivo experiment showed that genipin significantly curbed the tumor size and weight. The positive expression of Ki67 protein and number of apoptotic cells were increased. Conclusion Conclusively, this study implicated that genipin suppresses cell proliferation and stimulated apoptosis, and is the first exploration showing that genipin induces OSCC cell autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- MingBo Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - YanLi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Xie
- Stomatology Center, Affiliated Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, People's Republic of China
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Kim BR, Jeong YA, Kim DY, Kim JL, Jeong S, Na YJ, Yun HK, Park SH, Jo MJ, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Lee DH, Oh SC. Genipin increases oxaliplatin-induced cell death through autophagy in gastric cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:460-467. [PMID: 31897241 PMCID: PMC6930423 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is used for treatment in combination with many drugs. However, the survival rate is still low due to side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, the combination with natural products was required for increasing efficacy and reducing side effects. Genipin, a natural product derived from the Gardenia jasminoides, associated with anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, hypertension, inflammatory, and the Hedgehog pathway. It is not known that genipin increases the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin in gastric cancer. In this study, we found that genipin sensitizes oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis for the first time using colony forming assay, FACS analysis, and western blotting in gastric cancer. Additionally, genipin induced p53 expression in AGS, MKN45, and MKN28 cells. Also, genipin induced autophagy and LC3 expression. Knockdown of LC3 decreased cell death enhanced by the combination of oxaliplatin and genipin. In summary, we showed that genipin increases the oxaliplatin-induced cell death via p53-DRAM autophagy. Based on this, we suggest that genipin is a sensitizer of oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Kim
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon A Jeong
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Lim Kim
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Yun
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jee Jo
- Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, 20060, USA
| | - Duane T Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Department of Oncology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jo MJ, Jeong S, Yun HK, Kim DY, Kim BR, Kim JL, Na YJ, Park SH, Jeong YA, Kim BG, Ashktorab H, Smoot DT, Heo JY, Han J, Lee DH, Oh SC. Genipin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via downregulation of Stat3/mcl-1 pathway in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:739. [PMID: 31351462 PMCID: PMC6661087 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genipin is a compound derived from gardenia fruit extract. Although Genipin has anti-tumor effects in various cancers, its effect and mechanism in gastric cancer remain unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between the anticancer effect of Genipin and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat3)/myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) in human gastric cancers. METHODS MTT assays were performed to determine the cell viability of gastric cancer and gastric epithelial cell lines (AGS, MKN45, SNU638, MKN74, HFE-145). A TUNEL assay and Western blotting were carried out to investigate apoptosis. Stat3 activity was measured by proteome profiler phospho kinase array, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Mitochondria function was monitored with an XF24 analyzer and by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy using fluorescent probes for general mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS Genipin induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells, including AGS and MKN45 cells. Genipin also reduced Mcl-1 mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, we found that phosphorylation of Stat3 is regulated by Genipin. Additionally, the protein level of phospho Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) was decreased by Genipin treatment, indicating that the Stat3/JAK2/Mcl-1 pathway is suppressed by Genipin treatment in gastric cancer cells. Mcl-1 is closely related to mitochondrial function. These findings suggest that Genipin contributes to the collapse of mitochondrial functions like MMP. CONCLUSIONS Genipin induced apoptosis by suppressing the Stat3/Mcl-1 pathway and led to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results reveal a novel mechanism for the anti-cancer effect of Genipin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jee Jo
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyeong Yun
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeong Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Lim Kim
- 0000 0004 0474 0479grid.411134.2Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Na
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Park
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon A. Jeong
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Bu Gyeom Kim
- 0000 0001 0840 2678grid.222754.4Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308 Republic of Korea
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- 0000 0001 0547 4545grid.257127.4Department of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060 USA
| | - Duane T. Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208 USA
| | - Jun Young Heo
- 0000 0001 0722 6377grid.254230.2Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chung-nam National University, Munhwa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 301-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongsu Han
- 0000 0001 0722 6377grid.254230.2Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chung-nam National University, Munhwa-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 301-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Cheul Oh
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea. .,Graduate School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea.
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Zhong S, Wu B, Wang X, Sun D, Liu D, Jiang S, Ge J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Jin R, Chen Y. Identification of driver genes and key pathways of prolactinoma predicts the therapeutic effect of genipin. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2712-2724. [PMID: 31322266 PMCID: PMC6691206 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to identify the potential targets and markers for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis in patients with prolactinoma at the molecular level and to determine the therapeutic effects of genipin in prolactinoma. The gene expression profiles of GSE2175, GSE26966 and GSE36314 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified after comparing between gene expression profiles of the prolactinoma tissues and normal tissues. Then, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were conducted. In addition, in vitro, scratch assay, colony‑forming assay, Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay and flow cytometry were performed to verify the functional effects of genipin. An aggregate of 12,695, 3,847 and 5,310 DEGs were identified from GSE2175, GSE26966 and GSE36314, respectively. The results of GO and KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs significant and important for prolactinoma were mostly involved with 'spindle pole' and 'oocyte meiosis'. A total of 20 genes were selected as hub genes with high degrees after PPI network analysis, including mitogen‑activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), MYC, early growth response 1 (EGR1), Bcl2 and calmodulin 1 (CALM1). CCK8 assay, colony‑forming assay and scratch assay were performed to verify the anti‑prolactinoma effect of genipin. The results of flow cytometry showed that apoptosis was increased by genipin. MAPK1, MYC, EGR1, Bcl2 and CALM1 were screened as main hub genes. Genipin upregulated the expression level of EGR1 and p21 (downstream mediator of EGR1) and EGR1, inhibited the proliferation and migration of prolactinoma cells. Genipin is a promising drug for treatment of patients with prolactinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Daqun Liu
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Ge
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Rihua Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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Li J, Liu G, Ihsan A, Yi X, Wang DG, Cheng H, Muhammad A, Huang XJ. Effects of Veratrilla baillonii Extract on Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles in Response to Aconitum brachypodum-Induced Liver Toxicity in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:568. [PMID: 31214025 PMCID: PMC6555156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript was aimed to explore the hepato-protective effect of water extract of Veratrilla baillonii Franch. (Gentianaceae) (WVBF) on serious hepatic toxicity induced in mice treated with Aconitum brachypodum Diels (Ranunculaceae) at transcriptome level. The physiological and pathological symptoms were evaluated as the markers for hepato toxicity induced by A. brachypodum Diels (CFA) extracted compounds. Moreover, gene chip method was used to compare and investigate the gene expression level of WVBF on CFA induced-liver toxicity to identify the potential target of WVBF and CFA on liver. The results showed that WVBF had a significant detoxification effect on CFA-induced acute hepatic toxicity. There were 130 genes with lower expression and 124 genes expressed at higher rate in CFA treated group as compared with normal control group, while there are 67 genes down-regulated and 74 genes up-regulated in WVBF treated group in comparison with CFA treated group. WVBF could attenuate CFA-induced liver damage in mice through regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory injury and cell apoptosis/necrosis pathways. On the other hand, WVBF and CFA may have potential synergetic effects on the target genes of certain diseases such as inflammation, cancer and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Awais Ihsan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Xuejia Yi
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Da-Gui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Azhar Muhammad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Xian-Ju Huang
- College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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Pugliese R, Maleki M, Zuckermann RN, Gelain F. Self-assembling peptides cross-linked with genipin: resilient hydrogels and self-standing electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:76-91. [PMID: 30475373 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00825f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) are synthetic bioinspired biomaterials that can be feasibly multi-functionalized for applications in surgery, drug delivery, optics and tissue engineering (TE). Despite their promising biocompatibility and biomimetic properties, they have never been considered real competitors of polymers and/or cross-linked extracellular matrix (ECM) natural proteins. Indeed, synthetic SAP-made hydrogels usually feature modest mechanical properties, limiting their potential applications, due to the transient non-covalent interactions involved in the self-assembling phenomenon. Cross-linked SAP-hydrogels have been recently introduced to bridge this gap, but several questions remain open. New strategies leading to stiffer gels of SAPs may allow for a full exploitation of the SAP technology in TE and beyond. We have developed and characterized a genipin cross-linking strategy significantly increasing the stiffness and resiliency of FAQ(LDLK)3, a functionalized SAP already used for nervous cell cultures. We characterized different protocols of cross-linking, analyzing their dose and time-dependent efficiency, influencing stiffness, bioabsorption time and molecular arrangements. We choose the best developed protocol to electrospin into nanofibers, for the first time, self-standing, water-stable and flexible fibrous mats and micro-channels entirely made of SAPs. This work may open the door to the development and tailoring of bioprostheses entirely made of SAPs for different TE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Pugliese
- IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale, Viale Cappuccini 1, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG 71013, Italy.
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Zeng Y, Shen Z, Gu W, Wu M. Bioinformatics analysis to identify action targets in NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells exposed to quercetin. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:393-398. [PMID: 30266078 PMCID: PMC6171422 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1493610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Quercetin exerts antiproliferative effects on gastric cancer. However, its mechanisms of action on gastric cancer have not been comprehensively revealed. OBJECTIVE We investigated the mechanisms of action of quercetin against gastric cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells were treated with 15 μM quercetin or dimethyl sulfoxide (as a control) for 48 h. DNA isolated from cells was sequenced on a HiSeq 2500, and the data were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups. Then, enrichment analyses were performed for DEGs and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Finally, the transcription factors (TFs)-DEGs regulatory network was visualized by Cytoscape software. RESULTS A total of 121 DEGs were identified in the quercetin group. In the PPI network, Fos proto-oncogene (FOS, degree = 12), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR, degree = 12), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN, degree = 11), and cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1, degree = 11) with higher degrees highly interconnected with other proteins. Of the 5 TF-DEGs, early growth response 1 (EGR1), FOS like 1 (FOSL1), FOS, and JUN were upregulated, while AHR was downregulated. Moreover, FOSL1, JUN, and Wnt family member 7B (WNT7B) were enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS CYP1A1 highly interconnected with AHR in the PPI network. Therefore, FOS, AHR, JUN, CYP1A1, EGR1, FOSL1, and WNT7B might be targets of quercetin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengjie Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhangjiagang First People’s Hospital, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhe Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mianhua Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Shanmugam MK, Shen H, Tang FR, Arfuso F, Rajesh M, Wang L, Kumar AP, Bian J, Goh BC, Bishayee A, Sethi G. Potential role of genipin in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:195-200. [PMID: 29758279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Genipin, an aglycone derived from the iridoid glycoside, geniposide, is isolated and characterized from the extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit (family Rubiaceae). It has long been used in traditional oriental medicine for the prevention and treatment of several inflammation driven diseases, including cancer. Genipin has been shown to have hepatoprotective activity acting as a potent antioxidant and inhibitor of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and also reported to exert significant anticancer effects. It is an excellent crosslinking agent that helps to make novel sustained or delayed release nanoparticle formulations. In this review, we present the latest developments of genipin as an anticancer agent and briefly describe its diverse mechanism(s) of action. Several lines of evidence suggest that genipin is a potent inhibitor of UCP2, which functions as a tumor promoter in a variety of cancers, attenuates generation of reactive oxygen species and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, as well as induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in vitro and in in vivo models. These finding suggests that genipin can serve as both a prominent anticancer agent as well as a potent crosslinking drug that may find useful application in several novel pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Hongyuan Shen
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Feng Ru Tang
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, WA, Australia
| | - Mohanraj Rajesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, WA, Australia; Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, 18301 N. Miami Avenue, Miami, FL, 33169, United States of America
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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Plant-Derived Anticancer Agents: Lessons from the Pharmacology of Geniposide and Its Aglycone, Genipin. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020039. [PMID: 29587429 PMCID: PMC6027249 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, plants have been exploited by mankind as sources of numerous cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Good examples of anticancer compounds of clinical significance today include the taxanes (e.g., taxol), vincristine, vinblastine, and the podophyllotoxin analogues that all trace their origin to higher plants. While all these drugs, along with the various other available therapeutic options, brought some relief in cancer management, a real breakthrough or cure has not yet been achieved. This critical review is a reflection on the lessons learnt from decades of research on the iridoid glycoside geniposide and its aglycone, genipin, which are currently used as gold standard reference compounds in cancer studies. Their effects on tumour development (carcinogenesis), cancer cell survival, and death, with particular emphasis on their mechanisms of actions, are discussed. Particular attention is also given to mechanisms related to the dual pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects of these compounds, the mitochondrial mechanism of cancer cell killing through reactive oxygen species (ROS), including that generated through the uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2), the inflammatory mechanism, and cell cycle regulation. The implications of various studies for the evaluation of glycosidic and aglycone forms of natural products in vitro and in vivo through pharmacokinetic scrutiny are also addressed.
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Li Z, Zhang TB, Jia DH, Sun WQ, Wang CL, Gu AZ, Yang XM. Genipin inhibits the growth of human bladder cancer cells via inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2619-2624. [PMID: 29434982 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genipin, a natural compound derived from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides, possesses numerous biological properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of genipin in human bladder cancer. T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of genipin (0-200 µM) and tested for cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. A xenograft model of bladder cancer was established to determine the anticancer effect of genipin in vivo. The involvement of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in the action of genipin was examined. Genipin treatment significantly inhibited the viability and clonogenic growth of bladder cancer cells and inhibited the growth of T24 xenograft tumors, compared with vehicle controls (P<0.05). Genipin-treated cells exhibited a cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1-phase, which was accompanied by a deregulation of numerous cell cycle regulators. Genipin-treated cells demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax translocation to the mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. Additionally, genipin treatment significantly (P<0.05) reduced the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt in bladder cancer cells. Importantly, genipin-mediated anticancer effects were reversed by the overexpression of constitutively active Akt. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrates for the first time the growth inhibitory effects of genipin in bladder cancer cells, and indicates its potential as a natural anticancer agent for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Urology, Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473009, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Biao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Hui Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qi Sun
- Department of Urology, Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473009, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Liang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Ao-Zheng Gu
- Department of Urology, Nanyang City Center Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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Chang CH, Wu JB, Yang JS, Lai YJ, Su CH, Lu CC, Hsu YM. The Suppressive Effects of Geniposide and Genipin on Helicobacter pylori
Infections In Vitro
and In Vivo. J Food Sci 2017; 82:3021-3028. [PMID: 29135040 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Hung Chang
- Dept. of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tainan Municipal Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
- Dept. of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jin-Bin Wu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical Univ.; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jai-Sing Yang
- Dept. of Medical Research, China Medical Univ. Hospital; China Medical Univ.; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Lai
- Dept. of Biological Science and Technology; China Medical Univ.; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Hsian Su
- Dept. of Biological Science and Technology; China Medical Univ.; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Dept. of Pharmacy; Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital; Hualien Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Man Hsu
- Dept. of Biological Science and Technology; China Medical Univ.; Taichung Taiwan
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Genipin suppresses colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the Sonic Hedgehog pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101952-101964. [PMID: 29254217 PMCID: PMC5731927 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Genipin, a major component of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit, has been shown to inhibit the growth of gastric, prostate, and breast cancers. However, the anti-proliferative activity of genipin in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been characterized. Herein, we demonstrated that genipin inhibits the proliferation of CRC cells and that genipin suppressed the Hedgehog pathway. Further investigation showed that p53 and NOXA protein levels were increased during inhibition of Hedgehog pathway-mediated apoptosis in CRC cells. We also showed that p53 modulated the expression of NOXA during genipin-induced apoptosis, and suppression via SMO also played a role in this process. Subsequently, GLI1 was ubiquitinated by the E3 ligase PCAF. In a xenograft tumor model, genipin suppressed tumor growth, which was also associated with Hedgehog inactivation. Taken together, these results suggest that genipin induces apoptosis through the Hedgehog signaling pathway by suppressing p53. These findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism involving Hedgehog/p53/NOXA signaling in the modulation of CRC cell apoptosis and tumor-forming defects.
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Lim WC, Kim H, Kim YJ, Park SH, Song JH, Lee KH, Lee IH, Lee YK, So KA, Choi KC, Ko H. Delphinidin inhibits BDNF-induced migration and invasion in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:5337-5343. [PMID: 29122484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the TrkB ligand, is associated with aggressive malignant behavior, including migration and invasion, in tumor cells and a poor prognosis in patients with various types of cancer. Delphinidin is a diphenylpropane-based polyphenolic ring structure-harboring compound, which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-mutagenic activity. However, the possible role of delphinidin in the cancer migration and invasion is unclear. We investigated the suppressive effect of delphinidin on the cancer migration and invasion. Thus, we found that BDNF enhanced cancer migration and invasion in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell. To exam the inhibitory role of delphinidin in SKOV3 ovarian cancer migration and invasion, we investigated the use of delphinidin as inhibitors of BDNF-induced motility and invasiveness in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Here, we found that delphinidin prominently inhibited the BDNF-induced increase in cell migration and invasion of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, delphinidin remarkably inhibited BDNF-stimulated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Also, delphinidin antagonized the phosphorylation of Akt and nuclear translocation of NF-κB permitted by the BDNF in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, our findings provide new evidence that delphinidin suppressed the BDNF-induced ovarian cancer migration and invasion through decreasing of Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Chul Lim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joo Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Heon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Ho Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyeong A So
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hyeonseok Ko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Neri-Numa IA, Pessoa MG, Paulino BN, Pastore GM. Genipin: A natural blue pigment for food and health purposes. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lim WC, Kim H, Kim YJ, Choi KC, Lee IH, Lee KH, Kim MK, Ko H. Dioscin suppresses TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppresses A549 lung cancer migration and invasion. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3342-3348. [PMID: 28610976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important cellular process, occurs during cancer development and progression, has a crucial role in metastasis by enhancing the motility of tumor cells. Dioscin is a polyphenolic component isolated from Phyllanthus amarus, which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological and physiological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-fungal, and anti-viral activities. However, the possible role of dioscin in the EMT is unclear. We investigated the suppressive effect of dioscin on the EMT. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is known to induce EMT in a number of cancer cell types and promote lung adenocarcinoma migration and invasion. To verify the inhibitory role of dioscin in lung cancer migration and invasion, we investigated the use of dioscin as inhibitors of TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 lung cancer cells in vitro. Here, we found that dioscin prominently increased expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and expression of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin and Snail during the TGF-β1-induced EMT. In addition, dioscin inhibited the TGF-β1-induced increase in cell migration and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells. Also, dioscin remarkably inhibited TGF-β1-regulated activation of MMP-2/9, Smad2, and p38. Taken together, our findings provide new evidence that dioscin suppresses lung cancer migration, and invasion in vitro by inhibiting the TGF-β1-induced EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Chul Lim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joo Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Ho Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Heon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Ko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Anticancer Effects of the Marine Sponge Lipastrotethya sp. Extract on Wild-Type and p53 Knockout HCT116 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7174858. [PMID: 28127380 PMCID: PMC5239977 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7174858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interest in marine bioresources is increasing in the drug development sector. In particular, marine sponges produce a wide range of unique metabolites that enable them to survive in challenging environments, which makes them attractive sources of candidate pharmaceuticals. In previous study, we investigated over 40 marine specimens collected in Micronesia and provided by the Korean Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, for their antiproliferative effects on various cancer cell lines, and Lipastrotethya sp. extract (LSSE) was found to have a marked antiproliferative effect. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism responsible for its anticancer effect on wild-type p53 (WT) or p53 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells. LSSE inhibited cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death more so in HCT116 p53 KO cells than the WT. HCT116 WT cells treated with LSSE underwent apoptosis associated with the induction of p53 and its target genes. On the other hand, in HCT116 p53 KO cells, LSSE reduced mTOR and Bcl-2 and increased Beclin-1 and LC3-II protein levels, suggesting autophagy induction. These results indicate that the mechanisms responsible for the anticancer effect of LSSE depend on p53 status.
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Kim YJ, Jeon Y, Kim T, Lim WC, Ham J, Park YN, Kim TJ, Ko H. Combined treatment with zingerone and its novel derivative synergistically inhibits TGF-β1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:1081-1088. [PMID: 28110870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important cellular process during which polarized epithelial cells become motile mesenchymal cells, which promote cancer metastasis. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, is extensively used in cooking worldwide and also as a traditional medicinal herb with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Several pungent compounds have been identified in ginger, including zingerone, which has anticancer potential. However, the role of zingerone in EMT is unclear. We investigated the synergistic effect of zingerone and its derivative on EMT. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) induces the EMT to promote hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis, including migration and invasion. To understand the repressive role of the combination of zingerone and its derivative (ZD 2) in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis, we investigated the potential use of each compound of ginger, such as zingerone, ZD 2 and 6-shogaol, or the mixture of zingerone and ZD 2 (ZD 2-1) as inhibitors of TGF-β1 induced EMT development in SNU182 hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro. We show that ZD 2-1, but not zingerone, ZD 2 and 6-shogaol significantly increased expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and repressed Snail upregulation and expression of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin during initiation of the TGF-β1 induced EMT. In addition, ZD 2-1 inhibited the TGF-β1 induced increase in cell migration and invasion of SNU182 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Furthermore, ZD 2-1 significantly inhibited TGF-β1 regulated matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 and activation of Smad2/3. We also found that ZD 2-1 inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB, activation of p42/44 MAPK/AP1 signaling pathway in the TGF-β1 induced EMT. Our findings provide new evidence that combined treatment with ZD 2, novel zingerone derivative, and zingerone synergistically suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis in vitro by inhibiting the TGF-β1 induced EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joo Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea; Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngsic Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taejung Kim
- Natural Constituents Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Won-Chul Lim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungyeob Ham
- Natural Constituents Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Young Nyun Park
- Department of Pathology, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Ko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Cho M, Jung SW, Lee S, Son K, Park GH, Jung JW, Shin YS, Seo T, Kang H. Genipin Enhances Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Genome Maintenance. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163693. [PMID: 27736870 PMCID: PMC5063574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a Gammaherpesvirus that causes acute infection and establishes life-long latency. KSHV causes several human cancers, including Kaposi's sarcoma, an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Genipin, an aglycone derived from geniposide found in Gardenia jasminoides, is known to be an excellent natural cross-linker, strong apoptosis inducer, and antiviral agent. Although evidence suggests antiviral activity of genipin in several in vitro viral infection systems, no inhibitory effect of genipin on KSHV infection has been reported. Thus, our aim was to determine, using the iSLK-BAC16 KSHV infection system, whether genipin has inhibitory effects on KSHV infection. For this purpose, we evaluated biological effects of genipin on KSHV infection and finally determined the underlying mechanisms responsible for the bioactive effects of genipin. A cytotoxicity assay revealed that genipin caused 50% cytotoxicity at 49.5 μM in iSLK-puro (KSHV-negative) cells and at 72.5 μM in iSLK-BAC16 (KSHV-positive) cells. Caspase 3/7 activities were slightly suppressed by genipin treatment in iSLK-BAC16 cells while significantly induced in iSLK-puro cells. Production of the KSHV latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), but not that of the R-transactivator (RTA) protein, was significantly induced by genipin treatment at lower concentration. Consistent with the LANA upregulation, KSHV LANA transcripts, but not RTA transcripts, were expressed at a higher level. Furthermore, KSHV intracellular copy numbers were slightly increased at lower concentration of genipin, while KSHV extracellular copy numbers were significantly increased at higher concentration of genipin. Interestingly, genipin treatment at a lower concentration did induce the expression of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1); however, a co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that the DNMT1 and LANA induced by genipin did not co-precipitate from iSLK-BAC16 cells. Moreover, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that genipin treatment enhanced the binding of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) to the CTCF-binding site in the KSHV latency control region but suppressed the binding of structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3) to this site. Genipin treatment also led to the recruitment of additional RNA polymerase to the majority of binding sites of some interesting proteins in the KSHV latency control region, which might be related to the extension of S phase in iSLK-BAC16 cells by genipin treatment. Finally, genipin treatment at lower concentration could promote the KSHV latent replication. In contrast, the treatment at higher concentration could induce the KSHV lytic replication. In conclusion, genipin was shown to be an interesting reagent, which we used to manipulate KSHV life cycle in KSHV latently infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuwon Son
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hwan Park
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wha Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Su Shin
- Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegun Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojeung Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Institute of Microorganism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (HK); (HC)
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Ribeiro JR, Schorl C, Yano N, Romano N, Kim KK, Singh RK, Moore RG. HE4 promotes collateral resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:28. [PMID: 27184254 PMCID: PMC4869286 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy resistance presents a difficult challenge in treating epithelial ovarian cancer patients, particularly when tumors exhibit resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents. A few studies have shown that elevated serum levels of the ovarian cancer biomarker HE4 correlate with tumor chemoresistance, response to treatment, and survival. Here, we sought to confirm our previous results that HE4 contributes to collateral resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel in vitro and uncover factors that may contribute to HE4-mediated chemoresistance. Methods MTS assays and western blots for cleaved PARP were used to assess resistance of HE4-overexpressing SKOV3 and OVCAR8 clones to cisplatin and paclitaxel. CRISPR/Cas technology was used to knockdown HE4 in HE4-overexpressing SKOV3 cells. A microarray was conducted to determine differential gene expression between SKOV3 null vector-transfected and HE4-overexpressing clones upon cisplatin exposure, and results were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and tubulins were assessed by western blot. Results HE4-overexpressing SKOV3 and OVCAR8 clones displayed increased resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel. Knockdown of HE4 in HE4-overexpressing SKOV3 cells partially reversed chemoresistance. Microarray analysis revealed that HE4 overexpression resulted in suppression of cisplatin-mediated upregulation of EGR1, a MAPK-regulated gene involved in promoting apoptosis. Upregulation of p38, a MAPK activated in response to cisplatin, was suppressed in HE4-overexpressing clones. No differences in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation were noted in HE4-overexpressing clones treated with 25 μM cisplatin, but ERK activation was partially suppressed in HE4-overexpressing clones treated with 80 μM cisplatin. Furthermore, treatment of cells with recombinant HE4 dramatically affected ERK activation in SKOV3 and OVCAR8 wild type cells. Recombinant HE4 also upregulated α-tubulin and β-tubulin levels in SKOV3 and OVCAR8 cells, and microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT) gene expression was increased in SKOV3 HE4-overexpressing clones. Conclusions Overexpression of HE4 promotes collateral resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel, and downregulation of HE4 partially reverses this chemoresistance. Multiple factors could be involved in HE4-mediated chemoresistance, including deregulation of MAPK signaling, as well as alterations in tubulin levels or stability. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-016-0240-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Ribeiro
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, 200 Chestnut Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - C Schorl
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Genomics Core Facility, Brown University, 70 Ship Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - N Yano
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, 200 Chestnut Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - N Romano
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, 200 Chestnut Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - K K Kim
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R K Singh
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, 200 Chestnut Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R G Moore
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, 200 Chestnut Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Tian J, Li Z, Han Y, Jiang T, Song X, Jiang G. The progress of early growth response factor 1 and leukemia. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2016; 5:76-82. [PMID: 27195189 PMCID: PMC4869586 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2015.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Early growth response gene-1 (EGR1) widely exists in the cell nucleus of such as, zebrafish, mice, chimpanzees and humans, an it also can be observed in the cytoplasm of some tumors. EGR1 was named just after its brief and rapid expression of different stimuli. Accumulating studies have extensively demonstrated that the widespread dysregulation of EGR1 is involved in hematological malignancies such as human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and B cell lymphoma. With the deep research on EGR1, its expression, function and regulatory mechanism has been gradually elucidated, and provides more possibilities for treatment strategies of patients with leukemia. Herein, we summarize the roles of EGR1 in its biological function and relationship with leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ji'nan University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ji'nan University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Han
- Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ji'nan University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Ji'nan University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Guosheng Jiang, Key Laboratory for rare & uncommon diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NO.18877 of Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, China. E-mail:
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Labat B, Morin-Grognet S, Gaudière F, Bertolini-Forno L, Thoumire O, Vannier JP, Ladam G, Atmani H. Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1988-2000. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Labat
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Sandrine Morin-Grognet
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Fabien Gaudière
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Lucia Bertolini-Forno
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Olivier Thoumire
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vannier
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
- MERCI, EA 3829, Faculté De Médecine-Pharmacie, Université De Rouen; 22 Boulevard Gambetta Rouen 76183 France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Hassan Atmani
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
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Wang R, MoYung KC, Zhao YJ, Poon K. A Mechanism for the Temporal Potentiation of Genipin to the Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:507-16. [PMID: 27429587 PMCID: PMC4946121 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.15449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the potentiation effect of Genipin to Cisplatin induced cell senescence in HCT-116 colon cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Cell viability was estimated by Propidium iodide and Hoechst 3342, reactive oxygen species (ROS) with DHE, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with JC-1 MMP assay Kit and electron current production with microbial fuel cells (MFC). RESULTS Genipin inhibited the UCP2 mediated anti-oxidative proton leak significantly promoted the Cisplatin induced ROS and subsequent cell death, which was similar to that of UCP2-siRNA. Cells treated with Cisplatin alone or combined with Genipin, ROS negatively, while MMP positively correlated with cell viability. Cisplatin induced ROS was significantly decreased by detouring electrons to MFC, or increased by Genipin combined treatment. Compensatory effects of UCP2 up-regulation with time against Genipin treatment were suggested. Shorter the Genipin treatment before Cisplatin better promoted the Cisplatin induced ROS and subsequent cell death. CONCLUSION The interaction of leaked electron with Cisplatin was important during ROS generation. Inhibition of UCP2-mediated proton leak with Genipin potentiated the cytotoxicity of Cisplatin. Owing to the compensatory effects against Genipin, shorter Genipin treatment before Cisplatin was recommended in order to achieve better potentiation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Wang
- 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong,China 518100
| | - K C MoYung
- 2. Program of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, BNU-HKBU United International College, 28 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China 519085
| | - Y J Zhao
- 2. Program of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, BNU-HKBU United International College, 28 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China 519085
| | - Karen Poon
- 2. Program of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, BNU-HKBU United International College, 28 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China 519085
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Li J, Jin Y, Pan S, Chen Y, Wang K, Lin C, Jin S, Wu J. TCEA3 Attenuates Gastric Cancer Growth by Apoptosis Induction. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3241-6. [PMID: 26498664 PMCID: PMC4627366 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate and interpret the expression level and potential function of TCEA3 in gastric cancer. Material/Methods qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression level of TCEA3 in gastric cancer tissues. Pearson χ2 test was performed to clarify the correlation between TCEA3 expression and patients’ clinicopathologic characteristics. Biological function of TCEA3 was tested by proliferation assay and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was used to study the potential function of TCEA3 in apoptosis induction. Results TCEA3 expression was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with paired normal tissues. Poor prognoses were observed in the low TCEA3 expression group of patients in contrast to the high TCEA3 expression group. Functionally, upregulation of TCEA3 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. We also found that TCEA3 may attenuate cell growth through apoptosis induction. Conclusions Our findings suggest that TCEA3 attenuates the proliferation and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yin Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yina Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Kaijing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Chunjing Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shuqing Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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