1
|
Han B, Park SY, Jeong E, Baek Y, Lee JY, Kim HJ, Lee HG. Identification and Molecular Docking Analysis of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana). PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:482-488. [PMID: 38748356 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01191-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension remains a significant global health concern, contributing significantly to cardiovascular diseases and mortality rates. The inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a crucial role in alleviating high blood pressure. We investigated the potential of finger millets (Eleusine coracana) as a natural remedy for hypertension by isolating and characterizing its ACE-inhibitory compound. First, we evaluated the ACE-inhibitory activity of the finger millet ethanol extract and subsequently proceeded with solvent fractionation. Among the solvent fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity and was further fractionated. Using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, the ethyl acetate fraction was separated into four subfractions, with fraction 2 (F2) exhibiting the highest ACE inhibitory activity. Subsequent 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13 C-NMR analyses confirmed that the isolated compound from F2 was catechin. Furthermore, molecular docking studies indicated that catechin has the potential to act as an ACE inhibitor. These findings suggest that finger millets, particularly as a source of catechin, have the potential to be used as a natural antihypertensive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byungkwon Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Yeong Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunwoo Jeong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Baek
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 16613, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, 16613, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Gyu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Chen Q, Zhao J, Zhao W, Fan N, Wang Y, Chen H, Rong J. A four-compound remedy AGILe protected H9c2 cardiomyocytes against oxygen glucose deprivation via targeting the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway: Implications for the therapy of myocardial infarction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1050970. [PMID: 36713834 PMCID: PMC9880036 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1050970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a highly prevalent and lethal disease worldwide. Prevention and timely recovery are critical for the control of the recurrence and heart failure in MI survivors. The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective activity of the herbal medicine formula Baoyuan Decoction (BYD) and identify the active compounds and molecular targets. The ethanolic BYD extract (BYDE) was prepared by water extraction and ethanol precipitation of four herbal medicines, Astragali Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Initially, BYDE was validated for the cardioprotective effectiveness in a mouse model of ischemia injury and rat cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells. As results, BYDE effectively reduced infarct size from 56% to 37% and preserved cardiac functions in mouse MI model while protected H9C2 cells against oxygen glucose deprivation. Subsequent network pharmacology analysis revealed that 122 bioactive ingredients, including flavonoids and saponins from the UPLC-MS/MS profile of BYDE, might target 37 MI-related proteins, including inflammatory and apoptotic mediators (e.g., TNF, NFKB1, CASPs, TNFRSF1A, CXCL12, BCL2A1). Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that BYDE might control the cardiac inflammation via targeting the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway while the selected targets were also implicated in IL-17 signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis. Consequently, adenosine, ginsenoside Rh2, isoliquiritigenin, and licochalcone A were selected to generate the four-compound mixture AGILe and validated for the inhibitory effects on the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. The results of the present study suggested that the mixture AGILe might be a potential cardioprotective remedy against MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qilei Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ni Fan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hubiao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Jianhui Rong,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo H, Qian Y, Qi J, Liu X. A novel strategy for screening angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from natural products based on enzyme-immobilized ligand fishing combined with active-site blocking and directional enrichment. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1195:123203. [PMID: 35248900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Some natural products are important sources of treatments for hypertension based on their potential inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); however, it is difficult to identify natural ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) due to the complex secondary metabolite environment of natural products. Enzyme immobilization is an important method for screening active constituents in natural products, but this method can sometimes return false-positive and false-negative results. To improve the accuracy and reliability of ligand-fishing methods, we established a novel strategy based on enzyme-immobilized ligand fishing combined with active-site blocking and directional enrichment technologies. We first synthesized ACE-immobilized mesoporous magnetic beads and then verified the screened compounds by molecular docking and in vitro activity detection. We then used active-site blocking to exclude non-specific binding constituents and applied directional enrichment to enrich the low-content constituents for ligand fishing. The screening identified six potential ACEIs from Scutellariae Radix and eight potential ACEIs from Lonicerae japonicae flos, and their inhibitory activity was confirmed by molecular docking simulations and in vitro activity detection. This process screened six additional compounds and excluded two false-positive results as compared with results exclusively using enzyme immobilization. This strategy provides a feasible method for screening active compounds in natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yin Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Medical Information and Biostatistics, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Junior AG, Tolouei SEL, Dos Reis Lívero FA, Gasparotto F, Boeing T, de Souza P. Natural Agents Modulating ACE-2: A Review of Compounds with Potential against SARS-CoV-2 Infections. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1588-1596. [PMID: 33459225 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210114150607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges of public health worldwide is reducing the number of events and deaths related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. The angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), a carboxypeptidase that degrades angiotensin II into angiotensin 1-7, has been identified as a potent receptor for SARS-CoV-2. In the last decades, ACE inhibition has assumed a central role in reducing cardiovascular and renal events. However, with the advent of COVID-19, attention has been turned to ACE-2 as a possible target to reduce virus binding to different human cells. This review aims to discuss recent developments related to the medicinal properties of natural compounds as ACE/ACE-2 inhibitors, which should be highlighted in the future development of studies looking for modulators in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data show that bioactive compounds isolated from several natural products act by inhibiting ACE/ACE-2, which changes the entire axis of this system. Of the compounds addressed in this review, 7 phenolic compounds, including quercetin, curcumin, naringenin, luteolin, hesperidin, mangiferin, and gallic acid showed binding affinity with molecular ACE-2 target in silico, and 1, esculetin, decreased ACE-2 expression in vivo. Regarding terpenoids and alkaloids, nimbin, withaferin A, andrographolide, zingiberene and, berberine, piperine and thebaine, respectively, showed a binding affinity with molecular ACE-2 target in silico. These findings reinforce the need for future preclinical and clinical studies on these compounds and specific inhibitory effects on ACE-2 of all the other compounds described herein only as nonspecific ACE inhibitors. It is important to mention that some natural compounds such as magnolol, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, tanshinone IIA, and nicotine have also demonstrated the potential to increase the activity or expression of ACE-2, and could therefore aggravate SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Sara Emília Lima Tolouei
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Francielli Gasparotto
- Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation (ICETI), University Center of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Thaise Boeing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vale do Itajai, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu G, Fu S, Zhan X, Wang Z, Zhang P, Shi W, Qin N, Chen Y, Wang C, Niu M, Guo Y, Wang J, Bai Z, Xiao X. Echinatin effectively protects against NLRP3 inflammasome-driven diseases by targeting HSP90. JCI Insight 2021; 6:134601. [PMID: 33350984 PMCID: PMC7934863 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in a variety of human inflammatory diseases, but currently, no pharmacological NLRP3 inhibitor has been approved. In this study, we showed that echinatin, the ingredient of the traditional herbal medicine licorice, effectively suppresses the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation revealed that echinatin exerts its inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome by binding to heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90), inhibiting its ATPase activity and disrupting the association between the cochaperone SGT1 and HSP90-NLRP3. Importantly, in vivo experiments demonstrated that administration of echinatin obviously inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorates LPS-induced septic shock and dextran sodium sulfate-induced (DSS-induced) colitis in mice. Moreover, echinatin exerted favorable pharmacological effects on liver inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Collectively, our study identifies echinatin as a potentially novel inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, and its use may be developed as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of NLRP3-driven diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Xu
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,Integrative Medical Centre, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shubin Fu
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,Jiujiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,Integrative Medical Centre, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,Integrative Medical Centre, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Nan Qin
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Integrative Medical Centre, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, the Fifth Medical Centre, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Synthetic methods and biological applications of retrochalcones isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza species: A review. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
7
|
Yang Z, Li J, Chen X, Zhao X, Wang Y. Deciphering bioactive compounds of complex natural products by tandem mass spectral molecular networking combined with an aggregation-induced emission based probe. J Pharm Anal 2020; 12:129-135. [PMID: 35573878 PMCID: PMC9073139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are great treasure troves for the discovery of bioactive components. Current bioassay guided fractionation for identification of bioactive components is time- and workload-consuming. In this study, we proposed a robust and convenient strategy for deciphering the bioactive profile of natural products by mass spectral molecular networking combined with rapid bioassay. As a proof-of-concept, the strategy was applied to identify angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors of Fangjihuangqi decoction (FJHQD), a traditional medicine clinically used for the treatment of heart failure. The chemical profile of FJHQD was comprehensively revealed with the assistance of tandem mass spectral molecular networking, and a total of 165 compounds were identified. With characterized constituents, potential clinical applications of FJHQD were predicted by Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and a range of cardiovascular related diseases were significantly enriched. ACE inhibitory activities of FJHQD and its constituents were then investigated with an aggregation-induced emission based fluorescent probe. FJHQD exhibited excellent ACE inhibitory effects, and a bioactive molecular network was established to elucidate the ACE inhibitory profile of constituents in FJHQD. This bioactive molecular network provided a panoramic view of FJHQD's ACE inhibitory activities, which demonstrated that flavones from Astragali Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, saponins from Astragali Radix, and sesquiterpenoids from Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were principal components responsible for this effect of FJHQD. Among them, four novel ACE inhibitors were the first to be reported. Our study indicated that the proposed strategy offers a useful approach to uncover the bioactive profile of traditional medicines and provides a pragmatic workflow for exploring bioactive components. A novel strategy for deciphering the bioactive profile of traditional medicines was proposed. The chemical profile of FJHQD was revealed with assist of tandem mass spectral molecular networking. Four new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Yang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuechun Chen
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhao
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yi Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Frezza C, de Vita D, Toniolo C, Ventrone A, Tomassini L, Foddai S, Nicoletti M, Guiso M, Bianco A, Serafini M. Harpagide: Occurrence in plants and biological activities - A review. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104764. [PMID: 33122133 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review article, the occurrence of harpagide in the plant kingdom and its associated biological activities are presented and detailed for the first time. The presence of harpagide has been reported in several botanical families within Asteridae, and harpagide has been observed to exert a wide number of biological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective. These results show how harpagide can be recovered from several natural sources for several pharmacological purposes even if there is a lot to still be studied. Nowadays, the interest is related to its presence in phytomedicines. Threfore, these studies are useful to support and validate the large use of several plants in the folklore medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Frezza
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniela de Vita
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Toniolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventrone
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lamberto Tomassini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Foddai
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Nicoletti
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Guiso
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Armandodoriano Bianco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Serafini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alfaro S, Navarro-Retamal C, Caballero J. Transforming Non-Selective Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in C- and N-domain Selective Inhibitors by Using Computational Tools. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:1436-1446. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666191224113830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The two-domain dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (EC
3.4.15.1; ACE) plays an important physiological role in blood pressure regulation via the reninangiotensin
and kallikrein-kinin systems by converting angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin
II, and by cleaving a number of other substrates including the vasodilator bradykinin and the
anti-inflammatory peptide N-acetyl-SDKP. Therefore, the design of ACE inhibitors is within the priorities
of modern medical sciences for treating hypertension, heart failures, myocardial infarction, and
other related diseases. Despite the success of ACE inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension and
congestive heart failure, they have some adverse effects, which could be attenuated by selective domain
inhibition. Crystal structures of both ACE domains (nACE and cACE) reported over the last decades
could facilitate the rational drug design of selective inhibitors. In this review, we refer to the history
of the discovery of ACE inhibitors, which has been strongly related to the development of molecular
modeling methods. We stated that the design of novel selective ACE inhibitors is a challenge
for current researchers which requires a thorough understanding of the structure of both ACE domains
and the help of molecular modeling methodologies. Finally, we performed a theoretical design of potential
selective derivatives of trandolaprilat, a drug approved to treat critical conditions of hypertension,
to illustrate how to use molecular modeling methods such as de novo design, docking, Molecular
Dynamics (MD) simulations, and free energy calculations for creating novel potential drugs with specific
interactions inside nACE and cACE binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Alfaro
- Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Carlos Navarro-Retamal
- Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Centro de Bioinformatica y Simulacion Molecular, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente No. 1141, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A DFT study of the conformational and electronic properties of echinatin, a retrochalcone, and its anion in the gas phase and aqueous solution. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
11
|
Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3821248. [PMID: 32256642 PMCID: PMC7102474 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3821248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. These chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hepatoprotective activities, and so on. This review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice.
Collapse
|
12
|
De Oliveira TV, Guimarães AP, Bressan GC, Maia ER, Coimbra JSDR, Polêto MD, De Oliveira EB. Structural and molecular bases of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition by bovine casein-derived peptides: an in silico molecular dynamics approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1386-1403. [PMID: 32066337 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1730243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation process, and its inhibition is one of the main drug targets for the treatment of hypertension. Though various peptides from milk proteins are well-known for their ACE-inhibitory capacity, research devoted to understand the molecular bases of such property remain scarce, specifically for such peptides. Therefore, in this work, computational molecular docking and molecular dynamics calculations were performed to enlighten the intermolecular interactions involved in ACE inhibition by six different casein-derived peptides (FFVAPFPEVFGK, FALPQYLK, ALNEINQFYQK, YLGYLEQLLR, HQGLPQEVLNENLLR and NAVPITPTLNR). Two top ranked docking poses for each peptide (one with N- and the other C-terminal peptide extremity oriented towards the ACE active site) were selected for dynamic simulations (50 ns; GROMOS53A6 force field), and the results were correlated to in vitro ACE inhibition capacity. Two molecular features appeared to be essential for peptides to present high ACE inhibition capacity in vitro: i) to interact with the S1 active site residues (Ala354, Glu384, and Tyr523) by hydrogen bonds; ii) to interact with Zn2+ coordinated residues (His383, His387, and Glu411) by short-lenght hydrogen bonds, as observed in the cases of ALNEINQFYQK (IACE = 80.7%), NAVPITPTLNR (IACE = 80.7%), and FALPQYLK (IACE = 79.0%). Regardless of the temporal stability of these strong interactions, they promoted some disruption of Zn2+ tetrahedral coordination during the molecular dynamics trajectories, and were pointed as the main reason for the greatest ACE inhibition by these peptides. On the other hand, peptides with intermediate inhibition capacity (50% < IACE < 45%) interacted mainly by weaker interactions (e.g.: electrostatic and hydrophobic) with the Zn2+ coordinated residues, and were not able to change significantly its tetrahedral coordination structure. These findings may: i) assist the discrimination in silico of "good" and "bad" ACE-inhibitory peptides from other food sources, and/or ii) aid in designing de novo new molecules with ACE-inhibitory capacity. Communicated by Ramaswamy Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula Guimarães
- Departamento de Química (DEQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Costa Bressan
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular (DBB), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Elaine Rose Maia
- Laboratório de Estudos Estruturais Moleculares (LEEM), Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Depólo Polêto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral (DBG), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao W, Zhang D, Yu Z, Ding L, Liu J. Novel membrane peptidase inhibitory peptides with activity against angiotensin converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV identified from hen eggs. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
14
|
Lin SR, Lin SY, Chen CC, Fu YS, Weng CF. Exploring a New Natural Treating Agent for Primary Hypertension: Recent Findings and Forthcoming Perspectives. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E2003. [PMID: 31744165 PMCID: PMC6912567 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hypertension describes abnormally-high systolic/diastolic blood pressure in a resting condition caused by various genetic or environmental risk factors. Remarkably, severe complications, such as ischemic cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic renal disease have led to primary hypertension becoming a huge burden for almost one-third of the total population. Medication is the major regimen for treating primary hypertension; however, recent medications may have adverse effects that attenuate energy levels. Hence, the search for new hypotensive agents from folk or traditional medicine may be fruitful in the discovery and development of new drugs. This review assembles recent findings for natural antihypertensive agents, extracts, or decoctions published in PubMed, and provides insights into the search for new hypotensive compounds based on blood-pressure regulating mechanisms, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the sympathetic/adrenergic receptor/calcium channel system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shian-Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (S.-R.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan-Yea Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Cheng Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan; (S.-R.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Camillian Saint Mary’s Hospital Luodong,160 Zhongzheng S. Rd. Luodong, Yilan 26546, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Syan Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Center for Transitional Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Determination and pharmacokinetic study of echinatin by UPLC-MS/MS in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 168:133-137. [PMID: 30807917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Echinatin, one of the bioactive components of licorice, has exhibited diverse therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. However, determination and pharmacokinetic study of echinatin in biomatrices have not been conducted. In this study, a simple and fast ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of echinatin in rat plasma was developed, fully validated and subsequently well used in a pharmacokinetic research of echinatin after oral and intravenous administration. Rat plasma samples were operated with a simple one-step acetonitrile precipitation, and licochalcone A was used as the internal standard. Chromatographic separation of echinatin was conducted using an UPLC BEN C18 column and a gradient water (containing 0.1% formic acid)-acetonitrile mobile phase. A Waters XEVO TQS-micro Triple-Quadrupole Tandem Mass Spectrometer operating in positive electrospray ionization mode was used for detection. The approach was proved to be linear in the range of 1-1000 ng/mL and well satisfy the requirements from the guidelines of FDA. A pharmacokinetic study of echinatin was carried out by the new developed method following intravenous and oral administration to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Echinatin was demonstrated to be quickly absorbed and eliminated and extensively distributed with an absolute bioavailability of approximately 6.81%.
Collapse
|
16
|
A Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) Analysis of Cheminformatics in Natural Product Research. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 110:239-271. [PMID: 31621015 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14632-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cheminformatics-based techniques, such as molecular modeling, docking, virtual screening, and machine learning, are well accepted for their usefulness in drug discovery and development of therapeutically relevant small molecules. Although delayed by several decades, their application in natural product research has led to outstanding findings. Combining information obtained from different sources, i.e., virtual predictions, traditional medicine, structural, biochemical, and biological data, and handling big data effectively will open up new possibilities, but also challenges in the future. Strategies and examples will be presented on how to integrate cheminformatics in pharmacognostic workflows to benefit from these two highly complementary disciplines toward streamlining experimental efforts. While considering their limits and pitfalls and by exploiting their potential, computer-aided strategies should successfully guide future studies and thereby augment our knowledge of bioactive natural lead structures.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liang H, Hu A, Chen X, Jin R, Wang K, Ke B, Nie Y. Structure optimization of dendritic lipopeptide based gene vectors with the assistance from molecular dynamic simulation. J Mater Chem B 2018; 7:915-926. [PMID: 32255097 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02650e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Disulfide modified lipopeptide assemblies with an arginine-rich dendritic periphery provide a promising platform for effective gene transfer. Dendritic arginine peptides that mimic the cell-penetrating peptides of a virus envelope are vital for complexation, interaction with physical barriers, and final gene release. Here, we report three lipopeptides with different-generation dendritic peripheries (R1LS, R2LS and R3LS), each of which contains a dioleoyl-l-lysinate hydrophobic tail. Such molecules were proven to self-assemble in aqueous solution with different morphologies, sizes, and surface zeta potentials. R2LS and R3LS assemblies showed spherical and spindle shapes with zeta potentials of 27.2 and 32.8 mV, respectively. They exhibited complete condensation of pDNA at a low N/P ratio, while R1LS assemblies displayed a fiber pattern with a relatively low electric potential of 10.9 mV with poor DNA binding ability. In a cellular viability experiment, R1LS and R2LS have no significant cytotoxicity even at high dosage, while R3LS showed conspicuous toxicity. As a gene vector, R2LS presented high gene transfection efficiency either in the presence or the absence of serum, which was 58.7% greater than liposome 2000 and PEI in the condition of 10% fetal bovine serum for HeLa cells. While R3LS showed good results just without serum and R1LS was unserviceable in all situations. Moreover, molecular dynamic simulation was exploited to analyze the kinestate of the signal molecule and the interactions of multiple molecules, which could assist us in better understanding the experimental phenomena. The simulation results indicated that the R2LS molecule has better flexibility, which was favorable for interaction with the cell membrane. And it could generate tight integration in self-assembly while R1LS and R3LS assemblies have a large molecular interval, which led to a controllable release of cargos for R2LS in a reductive environment. In summary, the generation of the dendrimer in lipopeptides is vital for the gene transfer effect. For optimization, it is necessary to study the structure-function relationship, and molecular dynamic simulation is an effective strategy for screening the molecular structure and even for predicting experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, No. 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hou X, Yang S, Zheng Y. Licochalcone A attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm induced by angiotensin II via regulating the miR-181b/SIRT1/HO-1 signaling. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7560-7568. [PMID: 30417353 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LA), a chalcone derived from liquorice, exhibits multiple biological activities, including anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of LA in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). AAA model was established by continuous infusion of 1000 ng/kg/min of angiotensin II (AngII) in ApoE -/- mice for 4 weeks. At 7 days before AngII administration, 5 mg/kg/day or 10 mg/kg/day of LA was intraperitoneally administered to mice and continued for 4 weeks. The characteristics and quantification of AAAs were determined in situ. Real-time PCR or western blot was used to measure mRNA or protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9; pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6; apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, and active caspase-3; miR-181b; Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1); and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Mouse-aorta-origin vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells were used to confirm the involved pathways in vitro. We found LA administration dose-dependently reduced the incidence of AngII-induced AAA, aneurysm diameter enlargement, elastin degradation, matrix metalloproteinase production, pro-inflammatory cytokines and miR-181b expression, and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis. It elevated SIRT1 and HO-1 expression that was suppressed by AngII. AngII enhanced miR-181b but reduced SIRT1 and HO-1 expression in MOVAS cells. In AngII-stimulated MOVAS cells, downregulation of miR-181b significantly upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and HO-1, the effect of which was abrogated by SIRT1 siRNA. Collectively, LA could attenuate AngII-induced AAA by modulating the miR-181b/SIRT1/HO-1 signaling. LA might be a potential medical therapy for small AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Hou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songbai Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
In Vitro and In Silico Studies of the Molecular Interactions of Epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) with Proteins That Explain the Health Benefits of Green Tea. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061295. [PMID: 29843451 PMCID: PMC6099932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea has been shown to have beneficial effects on many diseases such as cancer, obesity, inflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The major green tea component, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), has been demonstrated to contribute to these effects through its anti-oxidative and pro-oxidative properties. Furthermore, several lines of evidence have indicated that the binding affinity of EGCG to specific proteins may explain its mechanism of action. This review article aims to reveal how EGCG-protein interactions can explain the mechanism by which green tea/EGCG can exhibit health beneficial effects. We conducted a literature search, using mainly the PubMed database. The results showed that several methods such as dot assays, affinity gel chromatography, surface plasmon resonance, computational docking analyses, and X-ray crystallography have been used for this purpose. These studies have provided evidence to show how EGCG can fit or occupy the position in or near functional sites and induce a conformational change, including a quaternary conformational change in some cases. Active site blocking, steric hindrance by binding of EGCG near an active site or induced conformational change appeared to cause inhibition of enzymatic activity and other biological activities of proteins, which are related to EGCG’s biological oligomer and formation of their toxic aggregates, leading to the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases and amyloidosis. In conclusion, these studies have provided useful information on the action of green tea/catechins and would lead to future studies that will provide further evidence for rational EGCG therapy and use EGCG as a lead compound for drug design.
Collapse
|