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Xu X, Lyu J, Long P, Liu K, Wang H, Wang X, Yin Y, Yang H, Zhang X, Guo H, He M, Wu T, Yuan Y. Associations of multiple plasma metals with osteoporosis: findings from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:120903-120914. [PMID: 37945958 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
With the aging population, osteoporosis has become a more prevalent public health issue. Existing researches have indicated significant relations of single metal exposure with osteoporosis (e.g., lead, copper, and zinc), whereas the evidence regarding the joint association of metal mixtures with osteoporosis remain limited and inconclusive. A total of 4924 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort were included in the present study. Plasma levels of 23 metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the presence of osteoporosis was defined as a bone mineral density T-score ≤ - 2.5. We applied stepwise regression, plasma metal score, and quantile g-computation model to evaluate the association between plasma metal mixtures and osteoporosis risk. Of the 4924 participants, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 10.9% (N = 265) in males and 27.5% (N = 684) in females. In the multiple-metals model, arsenic was positively associated with osteoporosis in males, while zinc was positively associated with osteoporosis in females. Comparing extreme quartiles, the multivariate-adjusted ORs of osteoporosis were 2.20 (95% CI, 1.29, 3.79; P-trend = 0.006) for arsenic in males and 2.16 (95% CI, 1.44, 3.23; P-trend < 0.001) for zinc in females. The plasma metal score was significantly and positively associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis, with ORs (95% CI) comparing extreme quartiles were 5.00 (95% CI, 3.36, 7.65; P-trend < 0.001) in males and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.35, 2.29; P-trend < 0.001) in females. Furthermore, the results of quantile g-computation revealed a consistent positive trend of metal mixtures with risk of osteoporosis and suggested the dominant role of arsenic in males and zinc in females, respectively. Our findings highlighted the importance of controlling metal mixtures exposure for the prevention of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elder population. Further prospective studies in larger populations are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junrui Lyu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongfeng Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442008, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Yan Y, Fang Y, Verma V, Li J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Chen F, Zhu R, Wu S, Hooper TJN, White T. Phase evolution and arsenic immobilization of arsenate-bearing amorphous calcium phosphate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130973. [PMID: 36860081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The formation of As(V) substituted hydroxylapatite (HAP) has a vital influence on the fate of As(V) in the environment. However, despite growing evidence showing that HAP crystallizes in vivo and in vitro with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as a precursor, a knowledge gap exists concerning the transformation from arsenate-bearing ACP (AsACP) to arsenate-bearing HAP (AsHAP). Here we synthesized AsACP nano-particles with varied As contents and investigated the arsenic incorporation during their phase evolution. The phase evolution results showed that the transformation process of AsACP to AsHAP could be divided into three Stages. A higher As(V) loading significantly delayed the transformation of AsACP, increased the distortion degree, and decreased the crystallinity of AsHAP. NMR result showed that the PO43- tetrahedral is geometrically preserved when PO43- is substituted by AsO43-. From AsACP to AsHAP, the As-substitution led to the transformation inhibition and As(V) immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Fang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Vivek Verma
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Runliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, 511 Kehua Street, 510640 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Thomas J N Hooper
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Tim White
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
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Bjørklund G, Pivina L, Dadar M, Semenova Y, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J. Long-Term Accumulation of Metals in the Skeleton as Related to Osteoporotic Derangements. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:6837-6848. [PMID: 31333081 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190722153305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of metals in the environment are still not within the recommended limits as set by the regulatory authorities in various countries because of human activities. They can enter the food chain and bioaccumulate in soft and hard tissues/organs, often with a long half-life of the metal in the body. Metal exposure has a negative impact on bone health and may result in osteoporosis and increased fracture risk depending on concentration and duration of metal exposure and metal species. Bones are a long-term repository for lead and some other metals, and may approximately contain 90% of the total body burden in birds and mammals. The present review focuses on the most common metals found in contaminated areas (mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, chromium, iron, and aluminum) and their effects on bone tissue, considering the possibility of the long-term bone accumulation, and also some differences that might exist between different age groups in the whole population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Italy,CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway,Faculty of Health and Social Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences,
Elverum, Norway
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Simpson R, Cooper DML, Swanston T, Coulthard I, Varney TL. Historical overview and new directions in bioarchaeological trace element analysis: a review. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 13:24. [PMID: 33520004 PMCID: PMC7810633 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-020-01262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Given their strong affinity for the skeleton, trace elements are often stored in bones and teeth long term. Diet, geography, health, disease, social status, activity, and occupation are some factors which may cause differential exposure to, and uptake of, trace elements, theoretically introducing variability in their concentrations and/or ratios in the skeleton. Trace element analysis of bioarchaeological remains has the potential, therefore, to provide rich insights into past human lifeways. This review provides a historical overview of bioarchaeological trace element analysis and comments on the current state of the discipline by highlighting approaches with growing momentum. Popularity for the discipline surged following preliminary studies in the 1960s to 1970s that demonstrated the utility of strontium (Sr) as a dietary indicator. During the 1980s, Sr/Ca ratio and multi-element studies were commonplace in bioarchaeology, linking trace elements with dietary phenomena. Interest in using trace elements for bioarchaeological inferences waned following a period of critiques in the late 1980s to 1990s that argued the discipline failed to account for diagenesis, simplified complex element uptake and regulation processes, and used several unsuitable elements for palaeodietary reconstruction (e.g. those under homeostatic regulation, those without a strong affinity for the skeleton). In the twenty-first century, trace element analyses have been primarily restricted to Sr and lead (Pb) isotope analysis and the study of toxic trace elements, though small pockets of bioarchaeology have continued to analyse multiple elements. Techniques such as micro-sampling, element mapping, and non-traditional stable isotope analysis have provided novel insights which hold the promise of helping to overcome limitations faced by the discipline. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-020-01262-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Simpson
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
- Present Address: Department of Anthropology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - David M. L. Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Treena Swanston
- Department of Anthropology, Economics and Political Science, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | | | - Tamara L. Varney
- Department of Anthropology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON Canada
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Ximenez JPB, Zamarioli A, Kacena MA, Barbosa RM, Barbosa F. Association of Urinary and Blood Concentrations of Heavy Metals with Measures of Bone Mineral Density Loss: a Data Mining Approach with the Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:92-101. [PMID: 32356206 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and its consequence of fragility fracture represent a major public health problem. Human exposure to heavy metals has received considerable attention over the last decades. However, little is known about the influence of co-exposure to multiple heavy metals on bone density. The present study aimed to examine the association between exposure to metals and bone mineral density (BMD) loss. Blood and urine concentrations of 20 chemical elements were selected from 3 cycles (2005-2010) NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), in which we included white women over 50 years of age and previously selected for BMD testing (N = 1892). The bone loss group was defined as participants having T-score < - 1.0, and the normal group was defined as participants having T-score ≥ - 1.0. We developed classification models based on support vector machines capable of determining which factors could best predict BMD loss. The model which included the five-best features-selected from the random forest were age, body mass index, urinary concentration of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and tungsten (W), which have achieved high scores for accuracy (92.18%), sensitivity (90.50%), and specificity (93.35%). These data demonstrate the importance of these factors and metals to the classification since they alone were capable of generating a classification model with a high prediction of accuracy without requiring the other variables. In summary, our findings provide insight into the important, yet overlooked impact that arsenic, cadmium, and tungsten have on overall bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo B Ximenez
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Analítica e de Sistemas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Ariane Zamarioli
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Analítica e de Sistemas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
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Turna Demir F, Yavuz M. Heavy metal accumulation and genotoxic effects in levant vole (Microtus guentheri) collected from contaminated areas due to mining activities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113378. [PMID: 31662243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination is a serious environmental problem commonly monitored in various organisms. Small wild rodents are ideal biological monitors to show the extent of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of marble and stone quarries on the Levant vole, Microtus guentheri, inhabiting some polluted sites. In this context, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze distribution of thirteen heavy metals (Fe, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, B, Pb, As, Co, Cd, and Hg) in the organs (skins, bones, muscles, livers and kidneys) of the biological specimens, and the comet assay revealed DNA damage in blood lymphocytes for the first time. This study was conducted at close to the marble and stone quarries at Korkuteli, Antalya-Turkey during spring, summer, autumn (2017) and winter (2018) seasons. In spring and summer, genetic damage in blood lymphocytes from all polluted sites (sites 1-5) was significantly higher than that of controls, while in autumn it was higher in samples from three sites (sites 3-5). In terms of heavy metal distribution in organs, we found depositions of Fe, Al, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cr, Co, As and Pb primarily in the skin with its derivatives, Cu and Cd deposits in the kidney, Cu, Cd and B deposits in the liver, and As and Pb depositions in the bones. The study shows that certain organs (especially skin with its derivatives) and blood lymphocytes of Levant vole can be used as ideal indicators of heavy metal pollution. Our results suggest that the Korkuteli area could already be under the threat of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Turna Demir
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 07058, Campus, Antalya, Turkey; Antalya Bilim University, Vocational School, Medical Laboratory Techniques, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Yavuz
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 07058, Campus, Antalya, Turkey.
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A Review of Metal Exposure and Its Effects on Bone Health. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:4854152. [PMID: 30675155 PMCID: PMC6323513 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4854152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of metals in the environment is a matter of concern, since human activities are the major cause of pollution and metals can enter the food chain and bioaccumulate in hard and soft tissues/organs, which results in a long half-life of the metal in the body. Metal intoxication has a negative impact on human health and can alter different systems depending on metal type and concentration and duration of metal exposure. The present review focuses on the most common metals found in contaminated areas (cadmium, zinc, copper, nickel, mercury, chromium, lead, aluminum, titanium, and iron, as well as metalloid arsenic) and their effects on bone tissue. Both the lack and excess of these metals in the body can alter bone dynamics. Long term exposure and short exposure to high concentrations induce an imbalance in the bone remodeling process, altering both formation and resorption and leading to the development of different bone pathologies.
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8
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Dani SU, Walter GF. Chronic arsenic intoxication diagnostic score (CAsIDS). J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:122-144. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ulhoa Dani
- Medawar Institute for Medical and Environmental Research; Acangau Foundation; Paracatu MG Brazil
- Department of General Internal Medicine; St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital; Switzerland
- PizolCare Praxis Wartau; Trübbach Switzerland
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Poojan S, Kumar S, Verma V, Dhasmana A, Lohani M, Verma MK. Disruption of Skin Stem Cell Homeostasis following Transplacental Arsenicosis; Alleviation by Combined Intake of Selenium and Curcumin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142818. [PMID: 26624291 PMCID: PMC4666640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Of late, a consirable interest has grown in literature on early development of arsenicosis and untimely death in humans after exposure to iAs in drinking water in utero or during the childhood. The mechanism of this kind of intrauterine arsenic poisoning is not known; however it is often suggested to involve stem cells. We looked into this possibility by investigating in mice the influence of chronic in utero exposure to arsenical drinking water preliminarily on multipotent adult stem cell and progenitor cell counts at the beginning of neonatal age. We found that repeated intake of 42.5 or 85 ppm iAs in drinking water by pregnant BALB/c mice substantially changed the counts of EpASCs, the progenitor cells, and the differentiated cells in epidermis of their zero day old neonates. EpASCs counts decreased considerably and the differentiated/apoptosed cell counts increased extensively whereas the counts of progenitor cell displayed a biphasic effect. The observed trend of response was dose-dependent and statistically significant. These observations signified a disruption in stem cell homeostasis. The disorder was in parallel with changes in expression of biomarkers of stem cell and progenitor (TA) cell besides changes in expression of pro-inflammatory and antioxidant molecules namely Nrf2, NFkB, TNF-α, and GSH. The biological monitoring of exposure to iAs and the ensuing transplacental toxicity was verifiable correspondingly by the increase in iAs burden in hair, kidney, skin, liver of nulliparous female mice and the onset of chromosomal aberrations in neonate bone marrow cells. The combined intake of selenite and curcumin in utero was found to prevent the disruption of homeostasis and associated biochemical changes to a great extent. The mechanism of prevention seemed possibly to involve (a) curcumin and Keap-1 interaction, (b) consequent escalated de novo GSH biosynthesis, and (c) the resultant toxicant disposition. These observations are important with respect to the development of vulnerability to arsenicosis and other morbidities later in life after repeated in utero or postnatal exposure to iAs in drinking water that may occur speculatively through impairment of adult stem cell dependent innate tissue repair mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Poojan
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P Box 80, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P Box 80, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Vikas Verma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P Box 80, Lucknow-226001, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Environmental Carcinogenesis & Toxicoinformatics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Environmental Carcinogenesis & Toxicoinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India
| | - Mukesh K. Verma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P Box 80, Lucknow-226001, India
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