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Vardar-Yel N, Tütüncü HE, Sürmeli Y. Lipases for targeted industrial applications, focusing on the development of biotechnologically significant aspects: A comprehensive review of recent trends in protein engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132853. [PMID: 38838897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipases are remarkable biocatalysts, adept at catalyzing the breakdown of diverse compounds into glycerol, fatty acids, and mono- and di-glycerides via hydrolysis. Beyond this, they facilitate esterification, transesterification, alcoholysis, acidolysis, and more, making them versatile in industrial applications. In industrial processes, lipases that exhibit high stability are favored as they can withstand harsh conditions. However, most native lipases are unable to endure adverse conditions, making them unsuitable for industrial use. Protein engineering proves to be a potent technology in the development of lipases that can function effectively under challenging conditions and fulfill criteria for various industrial processes. This review concentrated on new trends in protein engineering to enhance the diversity of lipase genes and employed in silico methods for predicting and comprehensively analyzing target mutations in lipases. Additionally, key molecular factors associated with industrial characteristics of lipases, including thermostability, solvent tolerance, catalytic activity, and substrate preference have been elucidated. The present review delved into how industrial traits can be enhanced through directed evolution (epPCR, gene shuffling), rational design (FRESCO, ASR), combined engineering strategies (i.e. CAST, ISM, and FRISM) as protein engineering methodologies in contexts of biodiesel production, food processing, and applications of detergent, pharmaceutics, and plastic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Vardar-Yel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Altınbaş University, 34145 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Havva Esra Tütüncü
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Malatya Turgut Özal University, 44210 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sürmeli
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, Turkey.
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Nanofibrous Formulation of Cyclodextrin Stabilized Lipases for Efficient Pancreatin Replacement Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070972. [PMID: 34199011 PMCID: PMC8308945 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) have been of great help over the past 30 years in the treatment of various lysosomal storage disorders, including chronic pancreatitis and its common complication, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Research shows that difficulties in designing such drugs can be overcome by using appropriate additives and various enzyme immobilization techniques. Cyclodextrins (CDs) can be considered as a promising additive for enzyme replacement therapies, as they are known to enhance the activity of enzymes in a complex process due to their specific binding. In this study, we investigated the formulation of lipases (from Aspergillus oryzae and Burkholderia cepacia) paired with different cyclodextrins in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers by electrospinning technique. We examined the effect of the presence of cyclodextrins and nanoformulation on the lipase activity. The rheological and morphological characterizations of precursors and nanofibers were also performed using a viscometer as well as electron and Raman microscope. We found that by selecting the appropriate CD:lipase ratio, the activity of the investigated enzyme could be multiplied, and cyclodextrins can support the homogeneous dispersion of lipases inside the solid formula. In addition, the entrapment of lipases in PVA nanofibers led to a significant increase in activity compared to the preformulated precursor. In this way, the nanofibrous formulation of lipases combining CDs as additives can provide an efficient and sustainable possibility for designing novel solid medicines in ERT.
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Mims TS, Abdallah QA, Stewart JD, Watts SP, White CT, Rousselle TV, Gosain A, Bajwa A, Han JC, Willis KA, Pierre JF. The gut mycobiome of healthy mice is shaped by the environment and correlates with metabolic outcomes in response to diet. Commun Biol 2021; 4:281. [PMID: 33674757 PMCID: PMC7935979 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
As an active interface between the host and their diet, the gut microbiota influences host metabolic adaptation; however, the contributions of fungi have been overlooked. Here, we investigate whether variations in gut mycobiome abundance and composition correlate with key features of host metabolism. We obtained animals from four commercial sources in parallel to test if differing starting mycobiomes can shape host adaptation in response to processed diets. We show that the gut mycobiome of healthy mice is shaped by the environment, including diet, and significantly correlates with metabolic outcomes. We demonstrate that exposure to processed diet leads to persistent differences in fungal communities that significantly associate with differential deposition of body mass in male mice compared to mice fed standardized diet. Fat deposition in the liver, transcriptional adaptation of metabolically active tissues and serum metabolic biomarker levels are linked with alterations in fungal community diversity and composition. Specifically, variation in fungi from the genera Thermomyces and Saccharomyces most strongly associate with metabolic disturbance and weight gain. These data suggest that host-microbe metabolic interactions may be influenced by variability in the mycobiome. This work highlights the potential significance of the gut mycobiome in health and has implications for human and experimental metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahliyah S Mims
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qusai Al Abdallah
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Justin D Stewart
- Department of Geography and the Environment, Villanova University, Radnor, PA, USA
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sydney P Watts
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Catrina T White
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Thomas V Rousselle
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ankush Gosain
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joan C Han
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kent A Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang Y, Sun T, Wu G, Zhou C, Wu X, Zhang J, Yue R, Wang H, Dai Y, Liu F, Lu F. Engineered variants of a lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica with improved trypsin resistance for enzyme replacement therapy. Protein Eng Des Sel 2020; 32:375-383. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
To improve the proteolytic stability of the lipase LIP2 from Yarrowia lipolytica, the peptide bonds susceptible to trypsin in LIP2 were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry and redesigned by site-directed mutagenesis. Different variants of the enzyme were expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 and their biochemical properties were subsequently investigated. Although most of the variants were still cleaved by trypsin, some of them did show an evident increase of resistance against proteolytic degradation. The most stable mutant was LIP2-C5, in which five trypsin-cleavage sites were replaced by non-preferred amino acids. Upon incubation with human trypsin for 80 min at 37°C, the mutant LIP2-C5 was found to retain >70% of its initial activity, compared to only 10% for the wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tongwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Guoguo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Cuixia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiaonong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Rong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Haikuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yujie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No. 29, 13 Main Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin 300457, PR China
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Rational design of a Yarrowia lipolytica derived lipase for improved thermostability. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:1190-1198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Ghosh S, Alam S, Rathore AS, Khare SK. Stability of Therapeutic Enzymes: Challenges and Recent Advances. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1148:131-150. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7709-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Gonçalves KM, Barbosa LR, Lima LMT, Cortines JR, Kalume DE, Leal IC, Mariz e Miranda LS, de Souza RO, Cordeiro Y. Conformational dissection of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase in solution. Biophys Chem 2014; 185:88-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Fuhrmann G, Leroux JC. Improving the stability and activity of oral therapeutic enzymes-recent advances and perspectives. Pharm Res 2013; 31:1099-105. [PMID: 24185592 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1233-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous, orally-administered enzymes are currently in clinical use or under development for the treatment of pathologies, such as celiac disease and phenylketonuria. However, the administration of therapeutic enzymes via the oral route remains challenging due to potential inactivation of these fragile macromolecular entities in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. Enzymes are particularly sensitive because both proteolysis and unfolding can lead to their inactivation. Current efforts to overcome these shortcomings involve the application of gastro-resistant delivery systems and the modification of enzyme structures by polymer conjugation or protein engineering. This perspective manuscript reviews and critically discusses recent progress in the oral delivery of therapeutic enzymes, whose substrate is localized in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Fuhrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, HCI H 301, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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