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Ko KP. Risk Factors of Gastric Cancer and Lifestyle Modification for Prevention. J Gastric Cancer 2024; 24:99-107. [PMID: 38225769 PMCID: PMC10774756 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has been consistently decreasing worldwide, whereas cardia gastric cancer is on the rise. This indicates that the exposure rates to epidemiological causes are changing. In this study, we aim to review the risk factors for gastric cancer with respect to cardia and non-cardia types. One of the most significant risk factors for gastric cancer is Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori infection is known as a risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer, and there have been results indicating that H. pylori infection is not associated with cardia gastric cancer. However, in the East Asian region, there is epidemiological evidence suggesting that H. pylori infection might be a risk factor for cardia gastric cancer. Smoking and alcohol consumption are known risk factors for gastric cancer, regardless of anatomical location. Obesity is considered a factor in the development of cardia gastric cancer. However, further research is needed to understand the specific relationship with non-cardia gastric cancer. The consumption of high-salt and processed meat is more distinctly associated with non-cardia gastric cancer than in cardia gastric cancer. In addition to these factors, exposure to chemicals and radiation are considered risk factors for gastric cancer. Primary prevention of gastric cancer involves eliminating or avoiding risk factors such as H. pylori eradication and adopting a healthy lifestyle, including quitting smoking, reducing alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy weight, and having a low-salt diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Pil Ko
- Clinical Preventive Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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Lepage M, Uhrhammer N, Privat M, Ponelle-Chachuat F, Kossai M, Scanzi J, Ouedraogo ZG, Gay-Bellile M, Bidet Y, Cavaillé M. Case Series of 11 CDH1 Families (47 Carriers) Including Incidental Findings, Signet Ring Cell Colon Cancer and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1677. [PMID: 37761816 PMCID: PMC10530895 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline pathogenic variants in E-cadherin (CDH1) confer high risk of developing lobular breast cancer and diffuse gastric cancer (DGC). The cumulative risk of DGC in CDH1 carriers has been recently reassessed (from 40-83% by age 80 to 25-42%) and varies according to the presence and number of gastric cancers in the family. As there is no accurate estimate of the risk of gastric cancer in families without DGC, the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium recommendation is not straightforward: prophylactic gastrectomy or endoscopic surveillance should be proposed for these families. The inclusion of CDH1 in constitutional gene panels for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and for gastrointestinal cancers, recommended by the French Genetic and Cancer Consortium in 2018 and 2020, leads to the identification of families with lobular cancer without DGC but also to incidental findings of pathogenic variants. Management of CDH1 carriers in case of incidental findings is complex and causes dilemmas for both patients and providers. We report eleven families (47 CDH1 carriers) from our oncogenetic department specialized in breast and ovarian cancer, including four incidental findings. We confirmed that six families did not have diffuse gastric cancer in their medical records. We discuss the management of the risk of diffuse gastric cancer in Hereditary Lobular Breast Cancer (HLBC) through a family of 11 CDH1 carriers where foci were identified in endoscopic surveillance. We also report a new colon signet ring cancer case in a CDH1 carrier, a rare aggressive cancer included in CDH1-related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathis Lepage
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Nancy Uhrhammer
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Maud Privat
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Flora Ponelle-Chachuat
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Myriam Kossai
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Zangbéwendé Guy Ouedraogo
- Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- CNRS, INSERM, iGReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mathilde Gay-Bellile
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yannick Bidet
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Mathias Cavaillé
- Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.U.); (M.P.); (F.P.-C.); (M.G.-B.); (M.C.)
- INSERM, U1240 Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.K.); (Y.B.)
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Lee CYC, Olivier A, Honing J, Lydon AM, Richardson S, O'Donovan M, Tischkowitz M, Fitzgerald RC, di Pietro M. Endoscopic surveillance with systematic random biopsy for the early diagnosis of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: a prospective 16-year longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:107-116. [PMID: 36509094 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, generally caused by germline pathogenic variants in CDH1, presents with early-onset signet ring cell carcinoma. Prophylactic total gastrectomy is the definitive treatment. Endoscopic surveillance can inform the timing of prophylactic total gastrectomy through detection of microscopic signet ring cell carcinoma foci. However, evidence is scarce about the optimal endoscopic sampling technique and characterisation of signet ring cell carcinoma foci in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. We aimed to formally assess the diagnostic yield of different sampling strategies and to identify criteria for the characterisation of endoscopic lesions. METHODS For this prospective longitudinal cohort study, we included individuals aged 18 years or older at the Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust who fulfilled testing criteria for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer between June 1, 2005, and July 31, 2021. The primary outcome was detection of intramucosal signet ring cell carcinoma foci. We assessed the detection rate and anatomical location of signet ring cell carcinoma in random biopsy samples taken according to a systematic protocol compared with biopsies targeted to endoscopic findings. Endoscopic lesions were examined with white-light and narrow band imaging with magnification to assess the likelihood of cancerous foci. FINDINGS 145 individuals were included, of whom 68 (47%) were male and 92 (63%) carried the CDH1 pathogenic variant. 58 (40%) patients were diagnosed with invasive signet ring cell carcinoma over a median follow-up time of 51 months (IQR 18-80). The first diagnosis of signet ring cell carcinoma was most commonly made from random biopsies (29 [50%] of 58 patients), rather than targeted biopsies (15 [26%] patients). The anatomical distribution of signet ring cell carcinoma foci detected by random biopsies more accurately reflected those identified in prophylactic total gastrectomy specimens than did targeted biopsies. Omitting random biopsies in our cohort would have led to an under-diagnosis rate of 42%. Using a novel panel of endoscopic criteria, gastric lesions containing signet ring cell carcinoma were predicted with a sensitivity of 67·3% and a specificity of 90·2%. INTERPRETATION Random biopsies enhance the early detection of signet ring cell carcinoma and are complementary to targeted biopsies in surveillance of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. This sampling method should be the standard of care when performing all surveillance endoscopies for individuals with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. FUNDING UK Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Y C Lee
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adriaan Olivier
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Judith Honing
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Lydon
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Richardson
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria O'Donovan
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca C Fitzgerald
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Massimiliano di Pietro
- Early Cancer Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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Wang Y, Chen X, Jiang F, Shen Y, Fang F, Li Q, Yang C, Dong Y, Shen X. A prognostic signature of pyroptosis-related lncRNAs verified in gastric cancer samples to predict the immunotherapy and chemotherapy drug sensitivity. Front Genet 2022; 13:939439. [PMID: 36147488 PMCID: PMC9485603 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.939439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pyroptosis is a recently identified mode of programmed inflammatory cell death that has remarkable implications for cancer development. lncRNAs can be involved in cellular regulation through various pathways and play a critical role in gastric cancer (GC). However, pyroptosis -related lncRNAs (PRlncRNAs) have been rarely studied in GC. Methods: Pyroptosis-related gene were abstracted from the literature and GSEA Molecular Signatures data resource. PRlncRNAs were obtained using co-expression analysis. LASSO Cox regression assessment was employed to build a risk model. Kaplan-Meier (KM), univariate along with multivariate Cox regression analysis were adopted to verify the predictive efficiency of the risk model in terms of prognosis. qRT-PCR was adopted to validate the expression of PRlncRNAs in GC tissues. In addition, immune cell infiltration assessment and ESTIMATE score evaluation were adopted for assessing the relationship of the risk model with the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Finally, immune checkpoint gene association analysis and chemotherapy drug sensitivity analysis were implemented to assess the worthiness of our risk model in immunotherapy and chemotherapy of GC. Results: We identified 3 key PRlncRNAs (PVT1, CYMP-AS1 and AC017076.1) and testified the difference of their expression levels in GC tumor tissues and neighboring non-malignant tissues (p < 0.05). PRlncRNAs risk model was able to successfully estimate the prognosis of GC patients, and lower rate of survival was seen in the high-GC risk group relative to the low-GC risk group (p < 0.001). Other digestive system tumors such as pancreatic cancer further validated our risk model. There was a dramatic difference in TMB level between high-GC and low-GC risk groups (p < 0.001). Immune cell infiltration analysis and ESTIMATE score evaluation demonstrated that the risk model can be adopted as an indicator of TME status. Besides, the expressions of immunodetection site genes in different risk groups were remarkably different (CTLA-4 (r = −0.14, p = 0.010), VISTA (r = 0.15, p = 0.005), and B7-H3 (r = 0.14, p = 0.009)). PRlncRNAs risk model was able to effectively establish a connection with the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion: The 3 PRlncRNAs identified in this study could be utilized to predict disease outcome in GC patients. It may also be a potential therapeutic target in GC therapy, including immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Anisi Stellati Fructus, a Significant Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Herb and Its Bioactivity against Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4071489. [PMID: 35586683 PMCID: PMC9110155 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4071489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Anisi stellati fructus (ASF) is the fruit of Illicium verum Hook F. (Chinese star anise), which is native to many countries, and is a significant Chinese medicinal herb. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major fatal types of cancers with multiple stages and a poor prognosis. The present review aims to discuss the bioactive properties of ASF and its phytocompounds against GC, with a particular insight into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in its anti-GC mechanism. Furthermore, it highlights the potential mechanism of action of major phytocompounds of ASF against GC. Clinical studies (in vitro and in vivo) regarding the action of ASF and its major bioactive compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, d-limonene, and honokiol against GC were reviewed. For this review, search of literature was performed in Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus related to ASF and its phytocompounds, from which only relevant studies were chosen. Major bioactive compounds of ASF and their extracts have proven to be effective against GC due to the mechanistic action of these compounds involving signaling pathways that target cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, and tumor metastasis in GC cells. Existing reports of these compounds and their combinatory effects with other modern anticancer agents have also been reviewed. From its traditional use to its role as an anticancer agent, ASF and its bioactive phytocompounds have been observed to be effective in modern research, specifically against GC. However, further studies are required for the identification of molecular targets and pharmacokinetic potential and for the formulation of anti-GC drugs.
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Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). An overview. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:101820. [PMID: 34656755 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that up to 10% of gastric carcinomas show familial aggregation. In contrast, around 1-3 % (approximately 33,000 yearly) are genuinely hereditary. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a rare malignancy characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of pathological variants of the CDH1 and CTNNA1 genes encoding the adhesion molecules E-cadherin and α-catenin, respectively. The multifocal nature of the disease and the difficulty of visualizing precursor lesions by endoscopy underscore the need to be aware of this malignancy as surgical prevention can be fully protective. Here, we provide an overview of the main epidemiological, clinical, genetic, and pathological features of HDGC, as well as updated guidelines for its diagnosis, genetic testing, counseling, surveillance, and management. We conclude that HDGC is a rare, highly penetrant disease that is difficult to diagnose and manage, so it is necessary to correctly identify it to offer patients and their families' adequate management following the recommendations of the IGCL. A critical point is identifying a mutation in HDGC families to determine whether unaffected relatives are at risk for cancer.
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Kheirollahi M, Saneipour M, Moridnia A. Germline likely pathogenic variants in ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated gene in an Iranian family with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer without CDH1 mutation. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:1434-1437. [PMID: 34916374 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_344_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth common cancer in the world and the second cause of cancer-related mortality. Germline mutations in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) are the most common cause of hereditary diffuse GC (HDGC) and explain 25%-30% of cases. In HDGC families without the pathogenic CDH1 variant, there is poor management and therapeutic strategies, and detect other genetic defects in HDGC, except CDH1 gene will be useful for further clarification of the disease mechanisms and risk-reducing strategies. Here, we reported an Iranian pedigree with familial HDGC to assess the fundamental genetic causes by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Materials and Methods WES performed in an Iranian with a history of familial GC in whom no pathogenic variants or indels has been found in CDH1 and CTNNA1 genes with Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification methods. Results Prioritizing genes associate with HDGC recognized several variants include c.2572T>C, and c.3161C>G in ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), c.1114A>C in BRCA2, and finally c.1173A>G in PIK3CA. Protein function prediction software tools reveal that c.3161C>G in ATM is likely pathogen. Conclusion The results of this study suggested a role for the known cancer predisposition gene ATM in families with HDGC with no pathogenic variant in CDH1. Our results suggested that mutations in ATM and other genes, particularly the mutations found in this study, should be considered even in one case of positive familial status of HDGC disease. The presence of these mutations in patients with familial history raises important issues regarding genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Kheirollahi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Saneipour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Abbas Moridnia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
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Friedman M, Adar T, Patel D, Lauwers GY, Yoon SS, Mullen JT, Chung DC. Surveillance Endoscopy in the Management of Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer Syndrome. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 19:189-191. [PMID: 31678201 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) syndrome results from a germline CDH1 mutation, and microscopic foci of signet-ring carcinoma cells (SRCC) are present in nearly all gastrectomy specimens.1 The lifetime risk of invasive gastric cancer (GC) has been thought to be 70%,2 but recent data have suggested a lower risk of 37%.3 Prophylactic total gastrectomy is considered the standard of care, but many patients choose surveillance endoscopy instead. We sought to define the outcomes in CDH1-positive individuals who pursued endoscopic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Friedman
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomer Adar
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Devanshi Patel
- Center for Cancer Risk Assessment, Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gregory Y Lauwers
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sam S Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John T Mullen
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel C Chung
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Center for Cancer Risk Assessment, Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Pilonis ND, Tischkowitz M, Fitzgerald RC, di Pietro M. Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer: Approaches to Screening, Surveillance, and Treatment. Annu Rev Med 2020; 72:263-280. [PMID: 33217247 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-051019-103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is a cancer syndrome associated with a significant lifetime risk of diffuse gastric cancer (DGC), a malignancy characterized by late clinical presentation and poor prognosis, as well as lobular breast cancer. HDGC is linked to germline pathogenic variants in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) that are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern; however, in many families with DGC clustering, no genetic cause has been identified. This review discusses key elements that allow risk assessment of potential inherited DGC susceptibility. We provide a practical overview of the recommendations for surveillance and treatment of individuals at risk and patients with early disease. The review also outlines future research avenues to improve our understanding of the genetic background and natural history of the disease, the endoscopic detection of early lesions, and the outcome of prophylactic surgery in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastazja Dagny Pilonis
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, United Kingdom; .,The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw 02-781, Poland
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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Machlowska J, Baj J, Sitarz M, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. Gastric Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Genomic Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4012. [PMID: 32512697 PMCID: PMC7312039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 589] [Impact Index Per Article: 147.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and it is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. GC is a multifactorial disease, where both environmental and genetic factors can have an impact on its occurrence and development. The incidence rate of GC rises progressively with age; the median age at diagnosis is 70 years. However, approximately 10% of gastric carcinomas are detected at the age of 45 or younger. Early-onset gastric cancer is a good model to study genetic alterations related to the carcinogenesis process, as young patients are less exposed to environmental carcinogens. Carcinogenesis is a multistage disease process specified by the progressive development of mutations and epigenetic alterations in the expression of various genes, which are responsible for the occurrence of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julita Machlowska
- Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Kraków, Poland;
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Monika Sitarz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.B.); (R.M.)
- Department of Surgery, Center of Oncology of the Lublin Region St. Jana z Dukli, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Moridnia A, Tabatabaiefar MA, Zeinalian M, Minakari M, Kheirollahi M, Moghaddam NA. Novel Variants and Copy Number Variation in CDH1 Gene in Iranian Patients with Sporadic Diffuse Gastric Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 50:420-427. [PMID: 29577179 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-0082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to survey the nucleotide changes and copy number variations (CNV) in the CDH1 gene in Iranian patients with sporadic diffuse gastric cancer (SDGC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 28 patients were examined who upon gastrectomy had been diagnosed with SDGC according to the familial history and histopathological criteria which was confirmed by the pathologist. DNA extraction was performed from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues using a phenol-chloroform method following xylene deparaffinization. Determination of DNA sequence by Sanger was performed using PCR amplification of 16 exons and boundaries of intron/exon of CDH1 gene. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed on patients with pathogenic disorders in the sequence. RESULTS In total, patients included 20 males and 8 females. Of all patients, 12 patients were under 45 years old (early onset gastric cancer, EODC) and 16 patients were older. The tumor was diagnosed in the early TNM stage (I, II) in six patients and in late stages (III, IV) in 19 cases. Altogether, 16 variants (three exonic with one new variant and 13 intronic with nine new variants) were found in DNA sequencing of the CDH1 gene in five samples. Also, using MLPA, a new duplication in exon 9 and one deletion in exon 2 were detected in two other patients. Altogether, CDH1 variants were identified in seven out of 28 patients (25%). CONCLUSION Our study revealed several novel somatic variants in the CDH1 gene in Iranian patients with sporadic diffuse GC. Our data supports the hypothesis that mutations in CDH1 gene, and particularly the mutations we describe, should be considered, even in sporadic cases of gastric cancer. The presence of these mutations in patients raises important issues regarding genetic counseling and diagnostic test in DGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Moridnia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease and Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease and Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease and Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Minakari
- Internal medicine department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Kheirollahi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable disease and Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box: 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Noushin Afshar Moghaddam
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Yang L, Ying X, Liu S, Lyu G, Xu Z, Zhang X, Li H, Li Q, Wang N, Ji J. Gastric cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and prevention strategies. Chin J Cancer Res 2020; 32:695-704. [PMID: 33446993 PMCID: PMC7797232 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2020.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health problem, with more than 1 million people newly diagnosed with GC worldwide each year. GC is more prevalent in less developed countries than in more developed countries. About half of all GC cases worldwide occur in East Asia, notably China. Globally, overall incidence rates of GC are declining, which is potentially attributed to a decrease in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the use of refrigeration to preserve foods rather than salt. GC is a multifactorial disease, and its occurrence and development were impacted by environmental and genetic factors. H. pylori infection is the primary risk factor for GC, especially for non-cardia. The prognosis of GC is poor due to stages at the first diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate is less than 10% when patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, but the rate is as high as 85% if patients are detected at an earlier stage. Endoscopic screening can potentially prevent GC by early diagnosis and early treatment and has been widely adopted in screening programs in East Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea. This review summarizes updated epidemiological aspects, risk factors, and prevention strategies of GC in recent years to help researchers determine the most effective intervention strategies for reducing risk of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xiangji Ying
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Guoqing Lyu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Huichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Qingyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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13
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Reagan M. CAUSES OF CANCER. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Del Moral-Hernández O, Castañón-Sánchez CA, Reyes-Navarrete S, Martínez-Carrillo DN, Betancourt-Linares R, Jiménez-Wences H, de la Peña S, Román-Román A, Hernández-Sotelo D, Fernández-Tilapa G. Multiple infections by EBV, HCMV and Helicobacter pylori are highly frequent in patients with chronic gastritis and gastric cancer from Southwest Mexico: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14124. [PMID: 30653141 PMCID: PMC6370051 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chronic inflammation and damage to the gastric epithelium induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are the main risk factors for gastric cancer development. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induce chronic inflammation and have been found in gastric tumors. The objectives this observational study were to determine the frequency of multiple infections by Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and to relate the infection by EBV and HCMV with H. pylori vacA/cagA genotypes in patients with chronic gastritis or gastric cancer. DNA from H. pylori, EBV and HCMV was detected by PCR in biopsies from 106 Mexican patients with chronic gastritis and 32 from gastric cancer. The cagA status and the vacA genotypes of H. pylori were determined by PCR. In chronic gastritis and gastric cancer EBV was found in 69.8% and 87.5%, HCMV in 52.8% and 53.1%, and H. pylori in 48.1% and 40.6%, respectively. In chronic gastritis, 53% of H. pylori patients were EBV and 33% were both EBV/HCMV; in gastric cancer, 92.3% of H. pylori-infected individuals were EBV and 46.1% were EVB/HCMV. All the intestinal- and mixed-type tumors and the 83.3% of diffuse-type tumors were EBV. No significant differences were found between single infections or coinfections with the diagnosis or the cancer type. The H. pylori genotypes were not related to EBV or HCMV infection. The frequency of dual infections by H. pylori, EBV and HCMV is higher in patients from southwest Mexico than other populations. It is likely that these pathogens act synergistically to induce inflammation and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratory of Virology and Epigenetics of Cancer, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | | | | | | | | | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
| | - Sol de la Peña
- Postdoctoral Fellow CONACYT in Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
| | - Adolfo Román-Román
- Laboratory of Bacteriology Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernández-Sotelo
- Laboratory of Virology and Epigenetics of Cancer, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Laboratory of Clinical Research, Faculty of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Guerrero
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15
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Lee K, Krempely K, Roberts ME, Anderson MJ, Carneiro F, Chao E, Dixon K, Figueiredo J, Ghosh R, Huntsman D, Kaurah P, Kesserwan C, Landrith T, Li S, Mensenkamp AR, Oliveira C, Pardo C, Pesaran T, Richardson M, Slavin TP, Spurdle AB, Trapp M, Witkowski L, Yi CS, Zhang L, Plon SE, Schrader KA, Karam R. Specifications of the ACMG/AMP variant curation guidelines for the analysis of germline CDH1 sequence variants. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1553-1568. [PMID: 30311375 PMCID: PMC6188664 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The variant curation guidelines published in 2015 by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) provided the genetics community with a framework to assess variant pathogenicity; however, these rules are not gene specific. Germline pathogenic variants in the CDH1 gene cause hereditary diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer, a clinically challenging cancer predisposition syndrome that often requires a multidisciplinary team of experts to be properly managed. Given this challenge, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Hereditary Cancer Domain prioritized the development of the CDH1 variant curation expert panel (VCEP) to develop and implement rules for CDH1 variant classifications. Here, we describe the CDH1 specifications of the ACMG/AMP guidelines, which were developed and validated after a systematic evaluation of variants obtained from a cohort of clinical laboratory data encompassing ∼827,000 CDH1 sequenced alleles. Comparing previously reported germline variants that were classified using the 2015 ACMG/AMP guidelines to the CDH1 VCEP recommendations resulted in reduced variants of uncertain significance and facilitated resolution of variants with conflicted assertions in ClinVar. The ClinGen CDH1 VCEP recommends the use of these CDH1-specific guidelines for the assessment and classification of variants identified in this clinically actionable gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Lee
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Carneiro
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | - Elizabeth Chao
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
- University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Joana Figueiredo
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuwei Li
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| | | | - Carla Oliveira
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
| | | | | | | | - Thomas P. Slavin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie Trapp
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leora Witkowski
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kasmintan A. Schrader
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health of the University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – (i3S), Faculty of Medicine – University of Porto, Porto, PRT
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16
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Rocha JP, Gullo I, Wen X, Devezas V, Baptista M, Oliveira C, Carneiro F. Pathological features of total gastrectomy specimens from asymptomatic hereditary diffuse gastric cancer patients and implications for clinical management. Histopathology 2018; 73:878-886. [PMID: 30014492 DOI: 10.1111/his.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterised by multigenerational diffuse gastric cancer, and is mainly caused by germline alterations in the CDH1 gene. Currently, endoscopy has limited diagnostic accuracy, and total gastrectomy (TG) is the treatment of choice for asymptomatic CDH1 carriers. In this study, we aimed to obtain a better understanding of HDGC syndrome by exploring the histopathological findings of TG specimens from asymptomatic HDGC patients. A comprehensive literature review was carried out, searching for TGs performed in asymptomatic HDGC patients. Fourteen unpublished cases, analysed in our institution, were also included. The series encompassed 174 CDH1 carriers. Preoperative endoscopic biopsies were positive in 28.3%. A macroscopic lesion was apparent in 11.7% of TGs. Histopathological analysis revealed intraepithelial lesions and/or intramucosal signet ring cell carcinoma in 87.9% of TGs. When we explored the type of protocol used for handling the specimens, we found that microscopic cancer foci were detected in 95.3% of TGs when a total-embedding protocol (assessment of the totality of gastric mucosa) was applied, and only in 62.5% when no specific protocol was used (P < 0.001). Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 23.4% cases. In conclusion, a thorough histopathological examination of gastric mucosa remains the gold standard for detection of cancer foci in HDGC gastrectomy specimens, requiring experienced pathologists for an accurate diagnosis. A better understanding of the natural history of HDGC will enable better clinical management of HDGC patients, particularly regarding the optimal timing for the performance of TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Rocha
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Gullo
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de São João (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, FMUP, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Xiaogang Wen
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Vítor Devezas
- Department of General Surgery, CHSJ, Porto, Portugal.,Department of General Surgery, FMUP, Porto, Portugal.,General Surgery, High Risk Consultation of Digestive Tumours, CHSJ, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Baptista
- Department of General Surgery, CHSJ, Porto, Portugal.,Department of General Surgery, FMUP, Porto, Portugal.,General Surgery, High Risk Consultation of Digestive Tumours, CHSJ, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, FMUP, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Carneiro
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de São João (CHSJ), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, FMUP, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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17
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Ansari S, Gantuya B, Tuan VP, Yamaoka Y. Diffuse Gastric Cancer: A Summary of Analogous Contributing Factors for Its Molecular Pathogenicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082424. [PMID: 30115886 PMCID: PMC6121269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and ranks as the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Incidence and mortality differ depending on the geographical region and gastric cancer ranks first in East Asian countries. Although genetic factors, gastric environment, and Helicobacter pylori infection have been associated with the pathogenicity and development of intestinal-type gastric cancer that follows the Correa’s cascade, the pathogenicity of diffuse-type gastric cancer remains mostly unknown and undefined. However, genetic abnormalities in the cell adherence factors, such as E-cadherin and cellular activities that cause impaired cell integrity and physiology, have been documented as contributing factors. In recent years, H. pylori infection has been also associated with the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer. Therefore, in this report, we discuss the host factors as well as the bacterial factors that have been reported as associated factors contributing to the development of diffuse-type gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamshul Ansari
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Boldbaatar Gantuya
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology unit, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar-14210, Mongolia.
| | - Vo Phuoc Tuan
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Endoscopy, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Spoto CP, Gullo I, Carneiro F, Montgomery EA, Brosens LA. Hereditary gastrointestinal carcinomas and their precursors: An algorithm for genetic testing. Semin Diagn Pathol 2018; 35:170-183. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Mi EZ, Mi EZ, di Pietro M, O'Donovan M, Hardwick RH, Richardson S, Ziauddeen H, Fletcher PC, Caldas C, Tischkowitz M, Ragunath K, Fitzgerald RC. Comparative study of endoscopic surveillance in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer according to CDH1 mutation status. Gastrointest Endosc 2018; 87:408-418. [PMID: 28688938 PMCID: PMC5780354 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) accounts for 1% of gastric cancer cases. For patients with a germline CDH1 mutation, risk-reducing gastrectomy is recommended. However, for those delaying surgery or for families with no causative mutation identified, regular endoscopy is advised. This study aimed to determine the yield of signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) foci in individuals with a CDH1 pathogenic variant compared with those without and how this varies with successive endoscopies. METHODS Patients fulfilling HDGC criteria were recruited to a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Endoscopy was performed according to a strict protocol with visual inspection followed by focal lesion and random biopsy sampling to detect foci of SRCC. Survival analysis determined progression to finding of SRCC according to CDH1 mutation status. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaires assessed quality of life before surveillance and each endoscopy. RESULTS Eighty-five individuals fulfilling HDGC criteria underwent 201 endoscopies; 54 (63.5%) tested positive for CDH1 mutation. SRCC yield was 61.1% in CDH1 mutation carriers compared with 9.7% in noncarriers, and mutation-positive patients had a 10-fold risk of SRCC on endoscopy compared with those with no mutation detected (P < .0005). Yield of SRCC decreased substantially with subsequent endoscopies. Surveillance was associated with improved psychological health. CONCLUSIONS SRCC foci are prevalent in CDH1 mutation carriers and can be detected at endoscopy using a standardized, multiple biopsy sampling protocol. Decreasing yield over time suggests that the frequency of endoscopy might be reduced. For patients with no CDH1 pathogenic variant detected, the cost-to-benefit ratio needs to be assessed in view of the low yield.
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Key Words
- aei, allelic expression imbalance
- cdh1+, cdh1 pathogenic variant
- cdh1-npvd, cdh1 no pathogenic variant detected
- dgc, diffuse gastric cancer
- eortc-qol-c30, european organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30
- gc, gastric cancer
- hdgc, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer
- ppi, proton pump inhibitor
- qol, quality of life
- rrtg, risk-reducing total gastrectomy
- sf-36, 36-item short form health survey
- srcc, signet ring cell carcinoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Z Mi
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ella Z Mi
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maria O'Donovan
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard H Hardwick
- Department of Oesophago-Gastric Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Richardson
- Familial Gastric Cancer Study, Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul C Fletcher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krish Ragunath
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rebecca C Fitzgerald
- MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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20
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Yuan J, Li Y, Tian T, Li N, Zhu Y, Zou J, Gao J, Shen L. Risk prediction for early-onset gastric carcinoma: a case-control study of polygenic gastric cancer in Han Chinese with hereditary background. Oncotarget 2018; 7:33608-15. [PMID: 27127881 PMCID: PMC5085106 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genomewide studies have identified several germline variations associated with gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to identify, in a Chinese Han population, the individual and combined effects of those single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that increase the risk of early-onset gastric cancer. We conducted a case-control study comprising 116 patients with gastric cancer as well as 102 sex- and age-matched controls and confirmed that the SNPs MUC1 (mucin 1) rs9841504 and ZBTB20 (zinc finger and BTB domain containing 20) rs4072037 were associated with an increased gastric cancer risk. Of the 116 patients diagnosed with cancer, 65 had at least 1 direct lineal relative with carcinoma of the digestive system or breast/ovarian cancer. These 65 had another 4 SNPs associated with gastric cancer susceptibility: PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) rs2294008, PLCE1 (phospholipase C epsilon 1) rs2274223, PTGER4/PRKAA1 (prostaglandin E receptor 4/protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1) rs13361707, and TYMS (thymidylate synthetase) rs2790. However, each of these low-penetrance susceptibility polymorphisms alone is not considered influential enough to predict the absolute risk of early-onset gastric cancer. Thus we decided to study different combinations of polygenes as they affected for our population. Those subjects with both the risk alleles MUC1 rs9841504 and ZBTB20 rs4072037 had a greater than 3-fold increased risk of gastric cancer. Also those with a hereditary background including the risk alleles PLCE1 rs2274223 and PTGER4/PRKAA1 rs13361707 were 3 times more susceptible to cardia cancer than those without. These findings show that the study of combined polymorphisms, instead of single low-penetrance variations in susceptibility, may lead to a high-risk classification for a specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianling Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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21
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Histologic and immunohistochemical differences between hereditary and sporadic diffuse gastric carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2018; 74:64-72. [PMID: 29307626 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify histopathologic features unique in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) by comparing with its sporadic counterpart (SDGC). 11 patients with confirmed CDH1 mutation who were found to have HDGC in a prophylactic total gastrectomy were collected. Median age of HDGC patients was 39 years (range 24-57). All HDGC cases had intramucosal signet ring cell carcinoma. Twenty-three invasive tumor foci from 7 patients with HDGC were available for ancillary studies, and we evaluated each focus separately. Almost all foci (20/23) showed two distinct tumor cell populations, namely, large signet ring cells and small signet ring cells. The large cells were located just beneath the surface epithelium and were positive for mucicarmine and pCEA, while the small cells were found in the deeper lamina propria and were mostly negative for mucicarmine and pCEA. A subset of small cells (6 foci from two resected stomachs) showed poorly differentiated morphology with p16 positivity. All other tumor cells with well-differentiated signet ring cell morphology were negative for p16. In contrast, 18 of 20 SDGCs were positive for p16. In addition, all HDGCs were negative for CDX2, while 19 of 20 SDGCs were positive. We propose that there are three distinct tumor cell populations in HDGC: well-differentiated large cells, well-differentiated small cells, and poorly differentiated small cells, and that the latter group with aberrant p16 expression may represents a more aggressive phenotype. The absence of CDX2 in HDGC suggests that it may develop along a carcinogenetic pathway different from that of SDGC.
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22
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Katabathina VS, Menias CO, Prasad SR. Imaging and Screening of Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. Radiol Clin North Am 2017; 55:1293-1309. [PMID: 28991567 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a wide spectrum of mendelian disorders that predispose patients to an increased risk of benign as well as malignant tumors. Hereditary cancer syndromes are characterized by the early onset of diverse, frequently advanced malignancies in specific organ systems in multiple family members, posing significant challenges to diagnosis and management. A better understanding of the genetic abnormalities and pathophysiology that underlie these disorders has led to contemporary paradigms to screen, allowing early diagnosis, and has improved targeted therapies to aid in management. This article reviews select hereditary cancer syndromes with an emphasis on imaging-based screening and surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata S Katabathina
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Christine O Menias
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Srinivasa R Prasad
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Ghersin I, Katz LH. Gastric cancer in a teenager: a case report. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 31:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0078/ijamh-2017-0078.xml. [PMID: 28779571 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer occurs mainly in older patients, with a peak incidence over 60 years of age. It is relatively rare among younger individuals. However, the frequency of gastric cancer in young patients appears to be on the rise worldwide. Case presentation We report the case of a 19-year-old female soldier who, after a considerable diagnostic delay, was diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. She is one of the youngest gastric adenocarcinoma patients ever reported in Israel. Conclusion This case should serve as a reminder that gastric carcinoma is a possible diagnosis even in young patients. It also highlights the critical importance of obtaining a thorough medical history in the process of clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itai Ghersin
- Medical Corps, Israeli Defence Force, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel, Fax: +972-48220787
| | - Lior H Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
In The Cancer Genome Atlas the goals were to define how to treat advanced cancers with targeted therapy. However, the challenges facing cancer interception for early detection and prevention include length bias in which current screening and surveillance approaches frequently miss rapidly progressing cancers that then present at advanced stages in the clinic with symptoms (underdiagnosis). In contrast, many early detection strategies detect benign conditions that may never progress to cancer during a lifetime, and the patient dies of unrelated causes (overdiagnosis). This challenge to cancer interception is believed to be due to the speed at which the neoplasm evolves, called length bias sampling; rapidly progressing cancers are missed by current early detection strategies. In contrast, slowly or non-progressing cancers or their precursors are selectively detected. This has led to the concept of cancer interception, which can be defined as active interception of a biological process that drives cancer development before the patient presents in the clinic with an advanced, symptomatic cancer. The solutions needed to advance strategies for cancer interception require assessing the rate at which the cancer evolves over time and space. This is an essential challenge that needs to be addressed by robust study designs including normal and non-progressing controls when known to be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Reid
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Brian J. Reid, MD, PhD, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, C1-157, PO Box 19024, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024. fax: (206) 667-6192.1100 Fairview Avenue N, C1-157, PO Box 19024SeattleWashington 98109-1024
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25
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Mulder KE, Ahmed S, Davies JD, Doll CM, Dowden S, Gill S, Gordon V, Hebbard P, Lim H, McFadden A, McGhie JP, Park J, Wong R. Report from the 17th Annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference; Edmonton, Alberta; 11-12 September 2015. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:425-434. [PMID: 28050139 DOI: 10.3747/co.23.3384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The 17th annual Western Canadian Gastrointestinal Cancer Consensus Conference (wcgccc) was held in Edmonton, Alberta, 11-12 September 2015. The wcgccc is an interactive multidisciplinary conference attended by health care professionals from across Western Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba) who are involved in the care of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Surgical, medical, and radiation oncologists; pathologists; radiologists; and allied health care professionals participated in presentation and discussion sessions for the purposes of developing the recommendations presented here. This consensus statement addresses current issues in the management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Mulder
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Ahmed
- Saskatchewan: Medical Oncology (Ahmed), Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
| | - J D Davies
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - C M Doll
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Dowden
- Alberta: Medical Oncology (Mulder), Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton; Radiation Oncology (Doll) and Medical Oncology (Dowden), Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary
| | - S Gill
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - V Gordon
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - P Hebbard
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - H Lim
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - A McFadden
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J P McGhie
- British Columbia: Medical Oncology (Davies, Gill, Lim, McGhie) and Surgical Oncology (McFadden), BC Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
| | - J Park
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
| | - R Wong
- Manitoba: Medical Oncology (Gordon, Wong), Cancer Care Manitoba, and Surgery (Hebbard, Park), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg
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26
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Setia N, Clark JW, Duda DG, Hong TS, Kwak EL, Mullen JT, Lauwers GY. Familial Gastric Cancers. Oncologist 2015; 20:1365-77. [PMID: 26424758 PMCID: PMC4679084 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the majority of gastric carcinomas are sporadic, approximately 10% show familial aggregation, and a hereditary cause is determined in 1%-3% cases. Of these, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer is the most recognized predisposition syndrome. Although rare, the less commonly known syndromes also confer a markedly increased risk for development of gastric cancer. Identification and characterization of these syndromes require a multidisciplinary effort involving oncologists, surgeons, genetic counselors, biologists, and pathologists. This article reviews the molecular genetics, clinical and pathologic features, surveillance guidelines, and preventive measures of common and less common hereditary gastric cancer predisposition syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Setia
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Clark
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dan G Duda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eunice L Kwak
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John T Mullen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory Y Lauwers
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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27
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Tan RYC, Ngeow J. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: What the clinician should know. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:153-160. [PMID: 26380059 PMCID: PMC4569593 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i9.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an inherited autosomal dominant syndrome with a penetrance of up to 80% affecting diverse geographic populations. While it has been shown to be caused mainly by germline alterations in the E-cadherin gene (CDH1), problematically, the genetic diagnosis remains unknown in up to 60% of patients. Given the important knowledge gaps regarding the syndrome, asymptomatic carriers of CDH1 mutations are advised for a prophylactic total gastrectomy. Intensive annual endoscopic surveillance is the alternative for carriers who decline gastrectomy. As HDGCs have a prolonged indolent phase, this provides a window of opportunity for surveillance and treatment. Recent findings of other gene defects in CTNNA1 and MAP3K6, as well as further characterization of CDH1 mutations and their pathogenicity will change the way HDGC patients are counselled for screening, surveillance and treatment. This review will bring the reader up to date with these changes and discuss future directions for research; namely more accurate risk stratification and surveillance methods to improve clinical care of HDGC patients.
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28
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Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. GC is a heterogeneous disease and the endpoint of a long multistep process largely influenced by Helicobacter pylori infection, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors. In a subset of GC cases, infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may also be involved. The development of GC is the consequence of the accumulation of multiple epi/genetic changes during the patient's lifetime that will result in oncogenic activation and/or tumor suppressor pathways' inactivation. This review will focus on the most recent updates on the characterization of the molecular phenotypes of sporadic and hereditary GC. This article will also update the most recent findings on the relationship between H. pylori infection and stem cells at the origin of GC. The understanding of the molecular genetics underlying gastric carcinogenesis is of paramount importance to identify novel potential targets for the development of screening and prognostic markers that can be clinically valuable for the management of GC patients and for the design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceu Figueiredo
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Costa
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas Karameris
- Department of Pathology, Veterans Administration Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Jose Carlos Machado
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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29
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Wang M, Ning X, Chen A, Huang H, Ni C, Zhou C, Yu K, Lan S, Wang Q, Li S, Liu H, Wang X, Chen Z, Ma L, Sun Q. Impaired formation of homotypic cell-in-cell structures in human tumor cells lacking alpha-catenin expression. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12223. [PMID: 26192076 PMCID: PMC4648412 DOI: 10.1038/srep12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cell-in-cell structures (CICs) could be detected in a wide range of human tumors, homotypic CICs formed between tumor cells occur at low rate for most of them. We recently reported that tumor cells lacking expression of E- and P-cadherin were incapable of forming homotypic CICs by entosis, and re-expression of E- or P-cadherin was sufficient to induce CICs formation in these tumor cells. In this work, we found that homotypic CICs formation was impaired in some tumor cells expressing high level of E-cadherin due to loss expression of alpha-catenin (α-catenin), a molecular linker between cadherin-mediated adherens junctions and F-actin. Expression of α-catenin in these tumor cells restored cell-cell adhesion and promoted CICs formation in a ROCK kinase-dependent way. Thus, our work identified α-catenin as another molecule in addition to E- and P-cadherin that were targeted to inactivate homotypic CICs formation in human tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manna Wang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkai Ning
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Ang Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University, 10 TIEYI Road, Beijing 100038, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ni
- The Institute of Life Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of Kidney; the Key Laboratory of Normal Aging & Geriatric, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Changxi Zhou
- The Institute of Life Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of Kidney; the Key Laboratory of Normal Aging & Geriatric, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Kaitao Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Science, 8 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Sanchun Lan
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Science, 8 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Shichong Li
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, the State Key Laboratory of Kidney; the Key Laboratory of Normal Aging & Geriatric, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolie Chen
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, 20 Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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