1
|
Giordano S. Temperature dependent model for the quasi-static stick-slip process on a soft substrate. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1813-1833. [PMID: 36789855 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The classical Prandtl-Tomlinson model is the most famous and efficient method to describe the stick-slip phenomenon and the resulting friction between a slider and a corrugated substrate. It is widely used in all studies of frictional physics and notably in nanotribology. However, it considers a rigid or undeformable substrate and therefore is hardly applicable for investigating the physics of soft matter and in particular biophysics. For this reason, we introduce here a modified model that is capable of taking into consideration a soft or deformable substrate. It is realized by a sequence of elastically bound quadratic energy wells, which represent the corrugated substrate. We study the quasi-static behavior of the system through the equilibrium statistical mechanics. We thus determine the static friction and the deformation of the substrate as a function of temperature and substrate stiffness. The results are of interest for the study of cell motion in biophysics and for haptic and tactile systems in microtechnology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giordano
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d*Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, F-59000 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang H, Zhang D, Jiang F, Yu L, Tang H, Zhu J, Wu S, Niu H. Enhancement of Cell Adhesion by Anaplasma phagocytophilum Nucleolin-Interacting Protein AFAP. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020302. [PMID: 36836536 PMCID: PMC9965380 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the aetiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium. During infection, A. phagocytophilum enhances the adhesion of neutrophils to the infected endothelial cells. However, the bacterial factors contributing to this phenomenon remain unknown. In this study, we characterized a type IV secretion system substrate of A. phagocytophilum, AFAP (an actin filament-associated Anaplasma phagocytophilum protein) and found that it dynamically changed its pattern and subcellular location in cells and enhanced cell adhesion. Tandem affinity purification combined with mass spectrometry identified host nucleolin as an AFAP-interacting protein. Further study showed the disruption of nucleolin by RNA interference, and the treatment of a nucleolin-binding DNA aptamer AS1411 attenuated AFAP-mediated cell adhesion, indicating that AFAP enhanced cell adhesion in a nucleolin-dependent manner. The characterization of cell adhesion-enhancing AFAP and the identification of host nucleolin as its interaction partner may help understand the mechanism underlying A. phagocytophilum-promoting cell adhesion, facilitating the elucidation of HGA pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Tang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Daxiu Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Fenfen Jiang
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuyan Wu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hua Niu
- Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Sphingolipid Metabolism Related Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nagai H, Miwa A, Yoneda K, Fujisawa K, Takami T. Optimizing the Seeding Density of Human Mononuclear Cells to Improve the Purity of Highly Proliferative Mesenchymal Stem Cells. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010102. [PMID: 36671674 PMCID: PMC9855129 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold considerable promise for regenerative medicine. Optimization of the seeding density of mononuclear cells (MNCs) improves the proliferative and differentiation potential of isolated MSCs. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. We cultured human bone marrow MNCs at various seeding densities (4.0 × 104, 1.25 × 105, 2.5 × 105, 6.0 × 105, 1.25 × 106 cells/cm2) and examined MSC colony formation. At lower seeding densities (4.0 × 104, 1.25 × 105 cells/cm2), colonies varied in diameter and density, from dense to sparse. In these colonies, the proportion of highly proliferative MSCs increased over time. In contrast, lower proliferative MSCs enlarged more rapidly. Senescent cells were removed using a short detachment treatment. We found that these mechanisms increase the purity of highly proliferative MSCs. Thereafter, we compared MSCs isolated under optimized conditions with a higher density (1.25 × 106 cells/cm2). MSCs under optimized conditions exhibited significantly higher proliferative and differentiation potential into adipocytes and chondrocytes, except for osteocytes. We propose the following conditions to improve MSC quality: (1) optimizing MNC seeding density to form single-cell colonies; (2) adjusting incubation times to increase highly proliferative MSCs; and (3) establishing a detachment processing time that excludes senescent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nagai
- Shibuya Corporation, Kanazawa 920-8681, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Miwa
- Shibuya Corporation, Kanazawa 920-8681, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoneda
- Shibuya Corporation, Kanazawa 920-8681, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Fujisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsu HM, Yang YY, Huang YH, Chu CH, Tu TJ, Wu YT, Chiang CJ, Yang SB, Hsu DK, Liu FT, Tai JH. Distinct features of the host-parasite interactions between nonadherent and adherent Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011016. [PMID: 36595499 PMCID: PMC9810166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoadherence of Trichomonas vaginalis to human vaginal epithelial cells (hVECs) was previously shown to involve surface lipoglycans and several reputed adhesins on the parasite. Herein, we report some new observations on the host-parasite interactions of adherent versus nonadherent T. vaginalis isolates to hVECs. The binding of the TH17 adherent isolate to hVECs exhibited an initial discrete phase followed by an aggregation phase inhibited by lactose. T. vaginalis infection immediately induced surface expression of galectin-1 and -3, with extracellular amounts in the spent medium initially decreasing and then increasing thereafter over the next 60 min. Extracellular galectin-1 and -3 were detected on the parasite surface but only the TH17 adherent isolate could uptake galectin-3 via the lysosomes. Only the adherent isolate could morphologically transform from the round-up flagellate with numerous transient protrusions into a flat amoeboid form on contact with the solid surface. Cytochalasin D challenge revealed that actin organization was essential to parasite morphogenesis and cytoadherence. Real-time microscopy showed that parasite exploring and anchoring on hVECs via the axostyle may be required for initial cytoadherence. Together, the parasite cytoskeleton behaviors may collaborate with cell surface adhesion molecules for cytoadherence. The nonadherent isolate migrated faster than the adherent isolate, with motility transiently increasing in the presence of hVECs. Meanwhile, differential histone acetylation was detected between the two isolates. Also, TH17 without Mycoplasma symbiosis suggests that symbiont might not determine TH17 innate cytoadherence. Our findings regarding distinctive host-parasite interactions of the isolates may provide novel insights into T. vaginalis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ming Hsu
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yen-Yu Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsin Chu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jui Tu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Wu
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- High School Talent Student in Life Science Project at Academia Sinica and Taipei Municipal Chenggong High School, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Jen Chiang
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- High School Talent Student in Life Science Project at Academia Sinica and Taipei Municipal Chenggong High School, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Bing Yang
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniel K. Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Jung-Hsiang Tai
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A novel feature for monitoring the enzymatic harvesting process of adherent cell cultures based on lens-free imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22202. [PMID: 36564377 PMCID: PMC9789138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherent cell cultures are often dissociated from their culture vessel (and each other) through enzymatic harvesting, where the detachment response is monitored by an operator. However, this approach is lacking standardisation and reproducibility, and prolonged exposure or too high concentrations can affect the cell's viability and differentiation potential. Quantitative monitoring systems are required to characterise the cell detachment response and objectively determine the optimal time-point to inhibit the enzymatic reaction. State-of-the-art methodologies rely on bulky imaging systems and/or features (e.g. circularity) that lack robustness. In this study, lens-free imaging (LFI) technology was used to develop a novel cell detachment feature. Seven different donors were cultured and subsequently harvested with a (diluted) enzymatic harvesting solution after 3, 5 and 7 days of culture. Cell detachment was captured with the LFI set-up over a period of 20 min (every 20 s) and by optimising the reconstruction of the LFI intensity images, a new feature could be identified. Bright regions in the intensity image were identified as detaching cells and using image analysis, a method was developed to automatically extract this feature, defined as the percentage of detached cell regions. Next, the method was quantitatively and qualitatively validated on a diverse set of images. Average absolute error values of 1.49%, 1.34% and 1.97% were obtained for medium to high density and overconfluent cultures, respectively. The detachment response was quantified for all conditions and the optimal time for enzyme inhibition was reached when approximately 92.5% of the cells were detached. On average, inhibition times of 9.6-11.1 and 16.2-17.2 min were obtained for medium to high density and overconfluent cultures, respectively. In general, overconfluent cultures detached much slower, while their detachment rate was also decreased by the diluted harvesting solution. Moreover, several donors exhibited similar trends in cell detachment behaviour, with two clear outliers. Using the novel feature, measurements can be performed with an increased robustness, while the compact LFI design could pave the way for in situ monitoring in a variety of culture vessels, including bioreactors.
Collapse
|
6
|
Paddillaya N, Ingale K, Gaikwad C, Saini DK, Pullarkat P, Kondaiah P, Menon GI, Gundiah N. Cell adhesion strength and tractions are mechano-diagnostic features of cellular invasiveness. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4378-4388. [PMID: 35611829 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of cells to substrates occurs via integrin clustering and binding to the actin cytoskeleton. Oncogenes modify anchorage-dependent mechanisms in cells during cancer progression. Fluid shear devices provide a label-free way to characterize cell-substrate interactions and heterogeneities in cell populations. We quantified the critical adhesion strengths of MCF-7, MDAMB-231, A549, HPL1D, HeLa, and NIH3T3 cells using a custom fluid shear device. The detachment response was sigmoidal for each cell type. A549 and MDAMB-231 cells had significantly lower critical adhesion strengths (τ50) than their non-invasive counterparts, HPL1D and MCF-7. Detachment dynamics inversely correlated with cell invasion potentials. A theoretical model, based on τ50 values and the distribution of cell areas on substrates, provided good fits to results from de-adhesion experiments. Quantification of cell tractions, using the Reg-FTTC method on 10 kPa polyacrylamide gels, showed highest values for invasive, MDAMB-231 and A549, cells compared to non-invasive cells. Immunofluorescence studies show differences in vinculin distributions; non-invasive cells have distinct vinculin puncta, whereas invasive cells have more dispersed distributions. The cytoskeleton in non-invasive cells was devoid of well-developed stress fibers, and had thicker cortical actin bundles in the boundary. Fluorescence intensity of actin was significantly lower in invasive cells as compared to non invasive cells. These correlations in adhesion strengths and traction stresses with cell invasiveness may be useful in cancer diagnostics and other pathologies featuring mis-regulation in adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Paddillaya
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Kalyani Ingale
- Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Chaitanya Gaikwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Saini
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Pramod Pullarkat
- Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Gautam I Menon
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Departments of Physics and Biology, Ashoka University, Sonepat, India
| | - Namrata Gundiah
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sibole SC, Moo EK, Federico S, Herzog W. The Protective Function of Directed Asymmetry in the Pericellular Matrix Enveloping Chondrocytes. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:39-55. [PMID: 34993700 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The specialized pericellular matrix (PCM) surrounding chondrocytes within articular cartilage is critical to the tissue's health and longevity. Growing evidence suggests that PCM alterations are ubiquitous across all trajectories of osteoarthritis, a crippling and prevalent joint disease. The PCM geometry is of particular interest as it influences the cellular mechanical environment. Observations of asymmetrical PCM thickness have been reported, but a quantified characterization is lacking. To this end, a novel microscopy protocol was developed and applied to acquire images of the PCM surrounding live cells. Morphometric analysis indicated a statistical bias towards thicker PCM on the inferior cellular surface. The mechanical effects of this bias were investigated with multiscale modelling, which revealed potentially damaging, high tensile strains in the direction perpendicular to the membrane and localized on the inferior surface. These strains varied substantially between PCM asymmetry cases. Simulations with a thicker inferior PCM, representative of the observed geometry, resulted in strain magnitudes approximately half of those calculated for a symmetric geometry, and a third of those with a thin inferior PCM. This strain attenuation suggests that synthesis of a thicker inferior PCM may be a protective adaptation. PCM asymmetry may thus be important in cartilage development, pathology, and engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Sibole
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Eng Kuan Moo
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Salvatore Federico
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vargas DA, Gonçalves IG, Heck T, Smeets B, Lafuente-Gracia L, Ramon H, Van Oosterwyck H. Modeling of Mechanosensing Mechanisms Reveals Distinct Cell Migration Modes to Emerge From Combinations of Substrate Stiffness and Adhesion Receptor-Ligand Affinity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:459. [PMID: 32582650 PMCID: PMC7283468 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal cell migration is an integral process in development and healing. The process is regulated by both mechanical and biochemical properties. Mechanical properties of the environment are sensed through mechanosensing, which consists of molecular responses mediated by mechanical signals. We developed a computational model of a deformable 3D cell on a flat substrate using discrete element modeling. The cell is polarized in a single direction and thus moves along the long axis of the substrate. By modeling discrete focal adhesions and stress fibers, we implement two mechanosensing mechanisms: focal adhesion stabilization by force and stress fiber strengthening upon contraction stalling. Two substrate-associated properties, substrate (ligand) stiffness and adhesion receptor–ligand affinity (in the form of focal adhesion disassembly rate), were varied for different model setups in which the mechanosensing mechanisms are set as active or inactive. Cell displacement, focal adhesion number, and cellular traction were quantified and tracked in time. We found that varying substrate stiffness (a mechanical property) and adhesion receptor–ligand affinity (a biochemical property) simultaneously dictate the mode in which cells migrate; cells either move in a smooth manner reminiscent of keratocytes or in a cyclical manner reminiscent of epithelial cells. Mechanosensing mechanisms are responsible for the range of conditions in which a cell adopts a particular migration mode. Stress fiber strengthening, specifically, is responsible for cyclical migration due to build-up of enough force to elicit rupture of focal adhesions and retraction of the cellular rear. Together, both mechanisms explain bimodal dependence of cell migration on substrate stiffness observed in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Vargas
- Mechanical Engineering Department, MAtrix: Mechanobiology and Tissue Engineering, Biomechanics Division, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inês G Gonçalves
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Tommy Heck
- Mechanical Engineering Department, MAtrix: Mechanobiology and Tissue Engineering, Biomechanics Division, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Smeets
- Mechatronics Biostatistics and Sensors, Biosystems Department, Particulate Dynamics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laura Lafuente-Gracia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, MAtrix: Mechanobiology and Tissue Engineering, Biomechanics Division, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Herman Ramon
- Mechatronics Biostatistics and Sensors, Biosystems Department, Particulate Dynamics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Oosterwyck
- Mechanical Engineering Department, MAtrix: Mechanobiology and Tissue Engineering, Biomechanics Division, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Prometheus: Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee AH, Ghosh D, Quach N, Schroeder D, Dawson MR. Ovarian Cancer Exosomes Trigger Differential Biophysical Response in Tumor-Derived Fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8686. [PMID: 32457479 PMCID: PMC7250846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65628-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-secreted microvesicles that play important roles in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression, as they are constantly secreted into ascites fluids. While cells spontaneously release exosomes, alterations in intracellular calcium or extracellular pH can release additional exosomes. Yet, little is known about how these exosomes compare to those that are continuously released without stimulation and how they mediate cellular activities important in cancer progression. Here, we demonstrate that chelation of extracellular calcium leads to release of chelation-induced exosomes (CI-exosomes) from OVCAR-3 EOC cells. CI-exosomes display a unique miRNA profile compared to naturally secreted exosomes (SEC-exosomes). Furthermore, treatment with CI- and SEC-exosomes leads to differential biophysical and functional changes including, adhesion and migration in EOC-derived fibroblasts that suggest the development of a malignant tumor microenvironment. This result highlights how tumor environmental factors contribute to heterogeneity in exosome populations and how different exosome populations mediate diversity in stromal cell behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy H Lee
- Brown University, School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Deepraj Ghosh
- Brown University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Nhat Quach
- Brown University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Devin Schroeder
- Brown University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Michelle R Dawson
- Brown University, School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Providence, RI, 02912, USA. .,Brown University, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Droege F, Pylaeva E, Siakaeva E, Bordbari S, Spyra I, Thangavelu K, Lueb C, Domnich M, Lang S, Geisthoff U, Jablonska J. Impaired Release of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Anemia-Associated T Cell Deficiency in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030767. [PMID: 32178330 PMCID: PMC7141391 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by mucocutaneous telangiectases and visceral vascular malformations. Individuals suffering from HHT have a significantly increased risk of bacterial infections, but the mechanisms involved in this are not clear. White blood cell subpopulations were estimated with flow cytometry in 79 patients with HHT and 45 healthy individuals, and association with clinicopathological status was assessed. A prominent decrease in absolute numbers of T cells in HHT was revealed (0.7 (0.5-1.1) vs. 1.3 (0.8-1.6), 106/mL, p < 0.05), and in multivariate regression analysis, hemoglobin level was associated with lymphopenia (OR = 0.625, 95% CI: 0.417-0.937, p < 0.05). Although no changes in absolute numbers of neutrophils and monocytes were observed, we revealed a significant impairment of neutrophil antibacterial functions in HHT (n = 9), compared to healthy individuals (n = 7), in vitro. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa MOI10 was significantly suppressed in HHT (mean area per cell, mm2: 76 (70-92) vs. 121 (97-128), p < 0.05), due to impaired filamentous actin organization (% of positive cells: 69 (59-77) vs. 92 (88-94), p < 0.05). To conclude, this study reveals the categories of patients with HHT that are prone to immunosuppression and require careful monitoring, and suggests a potential therapeutic strategy based on the functional activation of neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Freya Droege
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.L.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-85832; Fax: +49-201-723-1416
| | - Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| | - Elena Siakaeva
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| | - Sharareh Bordbari
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| | - Ilona Spyra
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| | - Kruthika Thangavelu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Marburg, University of Gießen and Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35042 Marburg, Germany; (K.T.); (U.G.)
| | - Carolin Lueb
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Maksim Domnich
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| | - Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Essen University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Urban Geisthoff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Marburg, University of Gießen and Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35042 Marburg, Germany; (K.T.); (U.G.)
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Translational Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (S.B.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei M, Zhang R, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Li G, Miao R, Shao S. An Evaluation Approach of Cell Viability Based on Cell Detachment Assay in a Single-Channel Integrated Microfluidic Chip. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2654-2661. [PMID: 31502455 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to the heterogeneity of cancer cell populations, the traditional evaluation approach of cell viability based on the cell counting assay is quite inaccurate for the dose-response test of anticancer drugs, cell toxicology assays, and other biochemical stimulations. In this paper, an evaluation approach of cell viability based on the cell detachment assay in a single-channel integrated microfluidic chip is proposed to improve the accuracy of cell viability assessment. The electrodes are coated by fibronectin for specific cell adhesion, and it is biologically significant to study the cell detachment assay in vitro. The maximum number of cells that can be detected by this sensor is about 105 cells (overgrowing), while the minimum is about 100 cells. This method is calibrated with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration assay, and the results show that the cell viability calculated by adhesion strength is more accurate than that evaluated using the cell counting assay. Meanwhile, the shear rate is transformed into shear stress for the comparability among the results in other papers. The most sensitive frequency is also determined as 1 kHz according to normalized impedance. Besides, the impedance of cell adhesion affected by different shear stresses is monitored to study the optimized plan for long-term culture of cells in the integrated microfluidic chip prepared for the cell detachment assay. Adhesion strength τ25, which is the magnitude of shear stress needed to detach 75% of cell population, is introduced to describe the cell adhesion forces. It is calculated and normalized based on the cell detachment assay to evaluate cell viability. The relative errors of the cell detachment method compared with those of the cell counting method decrease by 0.637 (0% FBS), 0.586 (0.5% FBS), and 0.342 (2% FBS).
Collapse
|
12
|
Matte BF, Kumar A, Placone JK, Zanella VG, Martins MD, Engler AJ, Lamers ML. Matrix stiffness mechanically conditions EMT and migratory behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.224360. [PMID: 30559248 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.224360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are composed of heterogeneous phenotypes, each having different sensitivities to the microenvironment. One microenvironment characteristic - matrix stiffness - helps to regulate malignant transformation and invasion in mammary tumors, but its influence on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unclear. We observed that, on stiff matrices, a highly invasive OSCC cell line (SCC25) comprising a low E-cad to N-cad ratio (InvH/E:NL; SCC25) had increased migration velocity and decreased adhesion strength compared to a less invasive OSCC cell line (Cal27) with high E-cad to N-cad ratio (InvL/E:NH; Cal27). However, InvL/E:NH cells acquire a mesenchymal signature and begin to migrate faster when exposed to prolonged time on a stiff niche, suggesting that cells can be mechanically conditioned. Owing to increased focal adhesion assembly, InvL/E:NH cells migrated faster, which could be reduced when increasing integrin affinity with high divalent cation concentrations. Mirroring these data in human patients, we observed that collagen organization, an indicator of matrix stiffness, was increased with advanced disease and correlated with early recurrence. Consistent with epithelial tumors, our data suggest that OSCC cells are mechanically sensitive and that their contribution to tumor progression is mediated in part by this sensitivity.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana F Matte
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jesse K Placone
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Virgílio G Zanella
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Head and Neck Surgery Department, Santa Rita Hospital, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Manoela D Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adam J Engler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093, USA .,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marcelo L Lamers
- Department of Oral Pathology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil .,Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jötten A, Angermann S, Stamp MEM, Breyer D, Strobl FG, Wixforth A, Westerhausen C. Correlation of in vitro cell adhesion, local shear flow and cell density. RSC Adv 2019; 9:543-551. [PMID: 35521589 PMCID: PMC9059541 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07416j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
By combination of particle image velocimetry and live cell imaging in an acoustically driven microfluidic chamber, we study shear and cell density dependent adhesion. We find excellent agreement with simulations considering pure geometrical effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Jötten
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- 80799 Munich
| | - S. Angermann
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
| | - M. E. M. Stamp
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- 80799 Munich
| | - D. Breyer
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
| | - F. G. Strobl
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
| | - A. Wixforth
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- 80799 Munich
| | - C. Westerhausen
- Chair for Experimental Physics I
- University of Augsburg
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- 80799 Munich
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maan R, Rani G, Menon GI, Pullarkat PA. Modeling cell-substrate de-adhesion dynamics under fluid shear. Phys Biol 2018; 15:046006. [DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/aabc66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
He XT, Wu RX, Xu XY, Wang J, Yin Y, Chen FM. Macrophage involvement affects matrix stiffness-related influences on cell osteogenesis under three-dimensional culture conditions. Acta Biomater 2018; 71:132-147. [PMID: 29462712 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the physicochemical properties of biomaterials exert profound influences on stem cell fate decisions. However, matrix-based regulation selected through in vitro analyses based on a given cell population do not genuinely reflect the in vivo conditions, in which multiple cell types are involved and interact dynamically. This study constitutes the first investigation of how macrophages (Mφs) in stiffness-tunable transglutaminase cross-linked gelatin (TG-gel) affect the osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). When a single cell type was cultured, low-stiffness TG-gels promoted BMMSC proliferation, whereas high-stiffness TG-gels supported cell osteogenic differentiation. However, Mφs in high-stiffness TG-gels were more likely to polarize toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Using either conditioned medium (CM)-based incubation or Transwell-based co-culture, we found that Mφs encapsulated in the low-stiffness matrix exerted a positive effect on the osteogenesis of co-cultured BMMSCs. Conversely, Mφs in high-stiffness TG-gels negatively affected cell osteogenic differentiation. When both cell types were cultured in the same TG-gel type and placed into the Transwell system, the stiffness-related influences of Mφs on BMMSCs were significantly altered; both the low- and high-stiffness matrix induced similar levels of BMMSC osteogenesis. Although the best material parameter for synergistically affecting Mφs and BMMSCs remains unknown, our data suggest that Mφ involvement in the co-culture system alters previously identified material-related influences on BMMSCs, such as matrix stiffness-related effects, which were identified based on a culture system involving a single cell type. Such Mφ-stem cell interactions should be considered when establishing proper matrix parameter-associated cell regulation in the development of biomimetic biomaterials for regenerative applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The substrate stiffness of a scaffold plays critical roles in modulating both reparative cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and immune cells, such as macrophages (Mφs). Although the influences of material stiffness on either Mφs or MSCs, have been extensively described, how the two cell types respond to matrix cues to dynamically affect each other in a three-dimensional (3D) biosystem remains largely unknown. Here, we report our findings that, in a platform wherein Mφs and bone marrow-derived MSCs coexist, matrix stiffness can influence stem cell fate through both direct matrix-associated regulation and indirect Mφ-based modulation. Our data support future studies of the MSC-Mφ-matrix interplay in the 3D context to optimize matrix parameters for the development of the next biomaterial.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang S, Ma X, Guo J, Yao K, Wang C, Dong Z, Zhu H, Fan F, Huang Z, Yang X, Qian J, Zou Y, Sun A, Ge J. Bone marrow CD34 + cell subset under induction of moderate stiffness of extracellular matrix after myocardial infarction facilitated endothelial lineage commitment in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:280. [PMID: 29237495 PMCID: PMC5729449 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0732-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stiffness of the myocardial extracellular matrix (ECM) and the transplanted cell type are vitally important in promoting angiogenesis. However, the combined effect of the two factors remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate in vitro the combined effect of myocardial ECM stiffness postinfarction with a bone marrow-derived cell subset expressing or not expressing CD34 on endothelial lineage commitment. METHODS Myocardial stiffness of the infarct zone was determined in mice at 1 h, 24 h, 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days after coronary artery ligation. Polyacrylamide (PA) gel substrates of different stiffnesses were prepared to mechanically mimic the myocardial ECM after infarction. Mouse bone marrow-derived CD34+ and CD34- cells were seeded on the flexible PA gels. The double-positive expression for DiI-acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acLDL) uptake and fluorescein isothiocyanate-Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1 (FITC-UEA-1) binding, the endothelial lineage antigens CD31, von Willebrand factor (vWF), Flk-1, and VE-cadherin, as well as cytoskeleton were measured by immunofluorescent staining on day 7. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by both immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry at 24 h after culture. RESULTS We found that the numbers of the CD34+ cell subset adherent to the flexible substrates (4-72 kPa) was much larger than that of the CD34- subset. More double-positive cells for DiI-acLDL uptake/FITC-UEA-1 binding were seen on the 42-kPa (moderately stiff) substrate, corresponding to the stiffness of myocardial ECM at 7-14 days postinfarction, compared with those on substrates of other stiffnesses. Similarly, the moderately stiff substrate showed benefits in promoting the positive expressions of the endothelial lineage markers CD31, vWF, Flk-1, and VE-cadherin. In addition, the cytoskeleton F-actin network within CD34+ cells was organized more significantly at the leading edge of the adherent cells on the moderately stiff (42 kPa) or stiff (72 kPa) substrates as compared with those on the soft (4 kPa and 15 kPa) substrates. Moreover, the moderately stiff or stiff substrates showed a lower percentage of cell apoptosis than the soft substrates. CONCLUSIONS Infarcted myocardium-like ECM of moderate stiffness (42 kPa) more beneficially regulated the endothelial lineage commitment of a bone marrow-derived CD34+ subset. Thus, the combination of a CD34+ subset with a "suitable" ECM stiffness might be an optimized strategy for cell-based cardiac repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Cardiovascular Medical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Pan-vascular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim A, Im M, Ma JY. SRVF, a novel herbal formula including Scrophulariae Radix and Viticis Fructus, disrupts focal adhesion and causes detachment-induced apoptosis in malignant cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12756. [PMID: 29038437 PMCID: PMC5643381 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When cells lose adhesion, they undergo detachment-induced apoptosis, known as anoikis. In contrast, tumor cells acquire resistance to anoikis, enabling them to survive, even after separating from neighboring cells or the ECM. Therefore, agents that restore anoikis sensitivity may serve as anti-cancer candidates. In this study, we constructed a novel herbal formula, SRVF, which contains Scrophulariae Radix (SR) and Viticis Fructus (VF). SRVF rapidly decreased cell adhesion, altered the cell morphology to round, and induced cell death; however, SR, VF, or their co-treatment did not. SRVF arrested HT1080 cells in G2/M phase, increased the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, and decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, SRVF efficiently reduced cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions by disrupting the F-actin cytoskeleton and down-regulating the levels of focal adhesion-related proteins, suggesting that SRVF efficiently triggers detachment-induced apoptosis (i.e., anoikis) in malignant cancer cells. In xenograft mouse models, daily oral administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg SRVF retarded tumor growth in vivo, and repeated administration of SRVF did not cause systemic toxicity in normal mice. These data collectively indicate that SRVF induces cancer cell death by restoring anoikis sensitivity via disrupting focal adhesion. Therefore, SRVF may be a safe and potent anti-cancer herbal decoction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Chumdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Im
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Chumdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Chumdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kaushik G, Leijten J, Khademhosseini A. Concise Review: Organ Engineering: Design, Technology, and Integration. Stem Cells 2017; 35:51-60. [PMID: 27641724 PMCID: PMC6527109 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Engineering complex tissues and whole organs has the potential to dramatically impact translational medicine in several avenues. Organ engineering is a discipline that integrates biological knowledge of embryological development, anatomy, physiology, and cellular interactions with enabling technologies including biocompatible biomaterials and biofabrication platforms such as three-dimensional bioprinting. When engineering complex tissues and organs, core design principles must be taken into account, such as the structure-function relationship, biochemical signaling, mechanics, gradients, and spatial constraints. Technological advances in biomaterials, biofabrication, and biomedical imaging allow for in vitro control of these factors to recreate in vivo phenomena. Finally, organ engineering emerges as an integration of biological design and technical rigor. An overall workflow for organ engineering and guiding technology to advance biology as well as a perspective on necessary future iterations in the field is discussed. Stem Cells 2017;35:51-60.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kaushik
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21569, Saudi Arabia, USA
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|