1
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Carvalho LN, Peres LC, Alonso-Goulart V, Santos BJD, Braga MFA, Campos FDAR, Palis GDAP, Quirino LS, Guimarães LD, Lafetá SA, Simbara MMO, Castro-Filice LDS. Recent advances in the 3D skin bioprinting for regenerative medicine: Cells, biomaterials, and methods. J Biomater Appl 2024; 39:421-438. [PMID: 39196759 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241276799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
The skin is a tissue constantly exposed to the risk of damage, such as cuts, burns, and genetic disorders. The standard treatment is autograft, but it can cause pain to the patient being extremely complex in patients suffering from burns on large body surfaces. Considering that there is a need to develop technologies for the repair of skin tissue like 3D bioprinting. Skin is a tissue that is approximately 1/16 of the total body weight and has three main layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Therefore, there are several studies using cells, biomaterials, and bioprinting for skin regeneration. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, and showed in the recent research in skin regeneration, the main cells used, biomaterials studied that provide initial support for these cells, allowing the growth and formation of the neotissue and general characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each methodology and the landmarks in recent research in the 3D skin bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loyna Nobile Carvalho
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Correia Peres
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Vivian Alonso-Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Fernando Alves Braga
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela de Aquino Pinto Palis
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla Sousa Quirino
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Laura Duarte Guimarães
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sofia Alencar Lafetá
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Prof. Dr Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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2
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Michielon E, Boninsegna M, Waaijman T, Fassini D, Spiekstra SW, Cramer J, Gaudriault P, Kodolányi J, de Gruijl TD, Homs-Corbera A, Gibbs S. Environmentally Controlled Microfluidic System Enabling Immune Cell Flow and Activation in an Endothelialised Skin-On-Chip. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400750. [PMID: 39370595 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Integration of reconstructed human skin (RhS) into organ-on-chip (OoC) platforms addresses current limitations imposed by static culturing. This innovation, however, is not without challenges. Microfluidic devices, while powerful, often encounter usability, robustness, and gas bubble issues that hinder large-scale high-throughput setups. This study aims to develop a novel re-usable multi-well microfluidic adaptor (MMA) with the objective to provide a flexible tool for biologists implementing complex 3D biological models (e.g., skin) while enabling simultaneous user control over temperature, medium flow, oxigen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) without the need for an incubator. The presented MMA device is designed to be compatible with standard, commercially available 6-well multi-well plates (6MWPs) and 12-well transwells. This MMA-6MWP setup is employed to generate a skin-on-chip (SoC). RhS viability is maintained under flow for three days and their morphology closely resembles that of native human skin. A proof-of-concept study demonstrates the system's potential in toxicology applications by combining endothelialised RhS with flowing immune cells. This dynamic setting activates the monocyte-like MUTZ-3 cells (CD83 and CD86 upregulation) upon topical exposure of RhS to a sensitizer, revealing the MMA-6MWP's unique capabilities compared to static culturing, where such activation is absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Michielon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Boninsegna
- Cherry Biotech SAS, 14 Rue De La Beaune, Bâtiment A, 2ème Étage, Montreuil, 93100, France
- Department of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Taco Waaijman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dario Fassini
- Cherry Biotech SAS, 14 Rue De La Beaune, Bâtiment A, 2ème Étage, Montreuil, 93100, France
| | - Sander W Spiekstra
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeremy Cramer
- Cherry Biotech SAS, 14 Rue De La Beaune, Bâtiment A, 2ème Étage, Montreuil, 93100, France
| | - Pierre Gaudriault
- Cherry Biotech SAS, 14 Rue De La Beaune, Bâtiment A, 2ème Étage, Montreuil, 93100, France
| | - János Kodolányi
- Department of Dental Material Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni Homs-Corbera
- Cherry Biotech SAS, 14 Rue De La Beaune, Bâtiment A, 2ème Étage, Montreuil, 93100, France
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, The Netherlands
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3
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Wu X, Koch M, Martínez FPP, Schirhagl R, Włodarczyk-Biegun MK. Quantum Sensing Unravels Antioxidant Efficacy Within PCL/Matrigel Skin Equivalents. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403729. [PMID: 39246220 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Skin equivalents (SE) that recapitulate biological and mechanical characteristics of the native tissue are promising platforms for assessing cosmetics and studying fundamental biological processes. Methods to achieve SEs with well-organized structure, and ideal biological and mechanical properties are limited. Here, the combination of melt electrowritten PCL scaffolds and cell-laden Matrigel to fabricate SE is described. The PCL scaffold provides ideal structural and mechanical properties, preventing deformation of the model. The model consists of a top layer for seeding keratinocytes to mimic the epidermis, and a bottom layer of Matrigel-based dermal compartment with fibroblasts. The compressive modulus and the biological properties after 3-day coculture indicate a close resemblance with the native skin. Using the SE, a testing system to study the damage caused by UVA irradiation and evaluate antioxidant efficacy is established. The effectiveness of Tea polyphenols (TPs) and L-ascorbic acid (Laa) is compared based on free radical generation. TPs are demonstrated to be more effective in downregulating free radical generation. Further, T1 relaxometry is used to detect the generation of free radicals at a single-cell level, which allows tracking of the same cell before and after UVA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Felipe P Perona Martínez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Centre Groningen and University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Małgorzata K Włodarczyk-Biegun
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Biotechnology Centre, The Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
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4
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Quílez C, Bebiano LB, Jones E, Maver U, Meesters L, Parzymies P, Petiot E, Rikken G, Risueño I, Zaidi H, Zidarič T, Bekeschus S, H van den Bogaard E, Caley M, Colley H, López NG, Letsiou S, Marquette C, Maver T, Pereira RF, Tobin DJ, Velasco D. Targeting the Complexity of In Vitro Skin Models: A Review of Cutting-Edge Developments. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01499-4. [PMID: 39127929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin in vitro models offer much promise for research, testing drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices, reducing animal testing and extensive clinical trials. There are several in vitro approaches to mimicking human skin behavior, ranging from simple cell monolayer to complex organotypic and bioengineered 3-dimensional models. Some have been approved for preclinical studies in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. However, development of physiologically reliable in vitro human skin models remains in its infancy. This review reports on advances in in vitro complex skin models to study skin homeostasis, aging, and skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Quílez
- Bioengineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís B Bebiano
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eleri Jones
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Uroš Maver
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Luca Meesters
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Parzymies
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Petiot
- 3d.FAB, CNRS, INSA, Univ Lyon, CPE-Lyon, UMR5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Gijs Rikken
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Risueño
- Bioengineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hamza Zaidi
- 3d.FAB, CNRS, INSA, Univ Lyon, CPE-Lyon, UMR5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Tanja Zidarič
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany; ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Matthew Caley
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Colley
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nuria Gago López
- Melanoma group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophia Letsiou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Christophe Marquette
- 3d.FAB, CNRS, INSA, Univ Lyon, CPE-Lyon, UMR5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Tina Maver
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rúben F Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diego Velasco
- Bioengineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain; Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Le HP, Hassan K, Ramezanpour M, Campbell JA, Tung TT, Vreugde S, Losic D. Development of novel iron(III) crosslinked bioinks comprising carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, and hyaluronic acid for soft tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:6627-6642. [PMID: 38752707 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers a feasible approach to construct complex structures for soft tissue regeneration. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has been emerging as a very promising biomaterial for 3D bioprinting. However, due to the inability to maintain the post-printed stability, CMC needs to be physically blended and/or chemically crosslinked with other polymers. In this context, this study presents the combination of CMC with xanthan gum (XG) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to formulate a multicomponent bioink, leveraging the printability of CMC and XG, as well as the cellular support properties of HA. The ionic crosslinking of printed constructs with iron(III) via the metal-ion coordination between ferric cations and carboxylate groups of the three polymers was introduced to induce improved mechanical strength and long-term stability. Moreover, immortalized human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) encapsulated within iron-crosslinked printed hydrogels exhibited excellent cell viability (more than 95%) and preserved morphology. Overall, the presented study highlights that the combination of these three biopolymers and the ionic crosslinking with ferric ions is a valuable strategy to be considered for the development of new and advanced hydrogel-based bioinks for soft tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien-Phuong Le
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Kamrul Hassan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5041, Australia
| | - Tran Thanh Tung
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Adelaide, Woodville South, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
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6
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Sadeghianmaryan A, Ahmadian N, Wheatley S, Alizadeh Sardroud H, Nasrollah SAS, Naseri E, Ahmadi A. Advancements in 3D-printable polysaccharides, proteins, and synthetic polymers for wound dressing and skin scaffolding - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131207. [PMID: 38552687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
This review investigates the most recent advances in personalized 3D-printed wound dressings and skin scaffolding. Skin is the largest and most vulnerable organ in the human body. The human body has natural mechanisms to restore damaged skin through several overlapping stages. However, the natural wound healing process can be rendered insufficient due to severe wounds or disturbances in the healing process. Wound dressings are crucial in providing a protective barrier against the external environment, accelerating healing. Although used for many years, conventional wound dressings are neither tailored to individual circumstances nor specific to wound conditions. To address the shortcomings of conventional dressings, skin scaffolding can be used for skin regeneration and wound healing. This review thoroughly investigates polysaccharides (e.g., chitosan, Hyaluronic acid (HA)), proteins (e.g., collagen, silk), synthetic polymers (e.g., Polycaprolactone (PCL), Poly lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Polylactic acid (PLA)), as well as nanocomposites (e.g., silver nano particles and clay materials) for wound healing applications and successfully 3D printed wound dressings. It discusses the importance of combining various biomaterials to enhance their beneficial characteristics and mitigate their drawbacks. Different 3D printing fabrication techniques used in developing personalized wound dressings are reviewed, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. This paper emphasizes the exceptional versatility of 3D printing techniques in advancing wound healing treatments. Finally, the review provides recommendations and future directions for further research in wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sadeghianmaryan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.
| | - Nivad Ahmadian
- Centre for Commercialization of Regenerative Medicine (CCRM), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sydney Wheatley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Hamed Alizadeh Sardroud
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Emad Naseri
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, Canada; University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
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7
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Liu H, Xing F, Yu P, Zhe M, Duan X, Liu M, Xiang Z, Ritz U. A review of biomacromolecule-based 3D bioprinting strategies for structure-function integrated repair of skin tissues. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131623. [PMID: 38642687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
When skin is damaged or affected by diseases, it often undergoes irreversible scar formation, leading to aesthetic concerns and psychological distress for patients. In cases of extensive skin defects, the patient's life can be severely compromised. In recent years, 3D printing technology has emerged as a groundbreaking approach to skin tissue engineering, offering promising solutions to various skin-related conditions. 3D bioprinting technology enables the precise fabrication of structures by programming the spatial arrangement of cells within the skin tissue and subsequently printing skin replacements either in a 3D bioprinter or directly at the site of the defect. This study provides a comprehensive overview of various biopolymer-based inks, with a particular emphasis on chitosan (CS), starch, alginate, agarose, cellulose, and fibronectin, all of which are natural polymers belonging to the category of biomacromolecules. Additionally, it summarizes artificially synthesized polymers capable of enhancing the performance of these biomacromolecule-based bioinks, thereby composing hybrid biopolymer inks aimed at better application in skin tissue engineering endeavors. This review paper examines the recent advancements, characteristics, benefits, and limitations of biological 3D bioprinting techniques for skin tissue engineering. By utilizing bioinks containing seed cells, hydrogels with bioactive factors, and biomaterials, complex structures resembling natural skin can be accurately fabricated in a layer-by-layer manner. The importance of biological scaffolds in promoting skin wound healing and the role of 3D bioprinting in skin tissue regeneration processes is discussed. Additionally, this paper addresses the challenges and constraints associated with current 3D bioprinting technologies for skin tissue and presents future perspectives. These include advancements in bioink formulations, full-thickness skin bioprinting, vascularization strategies, and skin appendages bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyun Yu
- LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Str. 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Man Zhe
- Animal Experiment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthopedics, Sanya People's Hospital, 572000 Sanya, Hainan, China.
| | - Ulrike Ritz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Biomatics Group, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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8
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Moon SH, Park TY, Cha HJ, Yang YJ. Photo-/thermo-responsive bioink for improved printability in extrusion-based bioprinting. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100973. [PMID: 38322663 PMCID: PMC10844750 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Extrusion-based bioprinting has demonstrated significant potential for manufacturing constructs, particularly for 3D cell culture. However, there is a greatly limited number of bioink candidates exploited with extrusion-based bioprinting, as they meet the opposing requirements for printability with indispensable rheological features and for biochemical functionality with desirable microenvironment. In this study, a blend of silk fibroin (SF) and iota-carrageenan (CG) was chosen as a cell-friendly printable material. The SF/CG ink exhibited suitable viscosity and shear-thinning properties, coupled with the rapid sol-gel transition of CG. By employing photo-crosslinking of SF, the printability with Pr value close to 1 and structural integrity of the 3D constructs were significantly improved within a matter of seconds. The printed constructs demonstrated a Young's modulus of approximately 250 kPa, making them suitable for keratinocyte and myoblast cell culture. Furthermore, the high cell adhesiveness and viability (maximum >98%) of the loaded cells underscored the considerable potential of this 3D culture scaffold applied for skin and muscle tissues, which can be easily manipulated using an extrusion-based bioprinter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hyung Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Cha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- Medical Science and Engineering, School of Convergence Science and Technology, Pohang University of Science, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
- Inha University Hospital, Incheon, 22332, Republic of Korea
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9
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Loukelis K, Koutsomarkos N, Mikos AG, Chatzinikolaidou M. Advances in 3D bioprinting for regenerative medicine applications. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae033. [PMID: 38845855 PMCID: PMC11153344 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofabrication techniques allow for the construction of biocompatible and biofunctional structures composed from biomaterials, cells and biomolecules. Bioprinting is an emerging 3D printing method which utilizes biomaterial-based mixtures with cells and other biological constituents into printable suspensions known as bioinks. Coupled with automated design protocols and based on different modes for droplet deposition, 3D bioprinters are able to fabricate hydrogel-based objects with specific architecture and geometrical properties, providing the necessary environment that promotes cell growth and directs cell differentiation towards application-related lineages. For the preparation of such bioinks, various water-soluble biomaterials have been employed, including natural and synthetic biopolymers, and inorganic materials. Bioprinted constructs are considered to be one of the most promising avenues in regenerative medicine due to their native organ biomimicry. For a successful application, the bioprinted constructs should meet particular criteria such as optimal biological response, mechanical properties similar to the target tissue, high levels of reproducibility and printing fidelity, but also increased upscaling capability. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in bioprinting, focusing on the regeneration of various tissues including bone, cartilage, cardiovascular, neural, skin and other organs such as liver, kidney, pancreas and lungs. We discuss the rapidly developing co-culture bioprinting systems used to resemble the complexity of tissues and organs and the crosstalk between various cell populations towards regeneration. Moreover, we report on the basic physical principles governing 3D bioprinting, and the ideal bioink properties based on the biomaterials' regenerative potential. We examine and critically discuss the present status of 3D bioprinting regarding its applicability and current limitations that need to be overcome to establish it at the forefront of artificial organ production and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Nikos Koutsomarkos
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion 70013, Greece
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10
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Bindi B, Perioli A, Melo P, Mattu C, Ferreira AM. Bioinspired Collagen/Hyaluronic Acid/Fibrin-Based Hydrogels for Soft Tissue Engineering: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Characterization. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:495. [PMID: 37888160 PMCID: PMC10607851 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for future drug development comprises finding alternative models for drug screening. The use of animal models in research is highly controversial, with an ongoing debate on their ethical acceptability. Also, animal models are often poorly predictive of therapeutic outcomes due to the differences between animal and human physiological environments. In this study, we aimed to develop a biomimetic hydrogel that replicates the composition of skin for potential use in in vitro modeling within tissue engineering. The hydrogel was fabricated through the crosslinking of collagen type I, hyaluronic acid, four-arm PEG succinimidyl glutarate (4S-StarPEG), and fibrinogen. Various ratios of these components were systematically optimized to achieve a well-interconnected porosity and desirable rheological properties. To evaluate the hydrogel's cytocompatibility, fibroblasts were embedded within the matrix. The resulting hydrogel exhibited promising properties as a scaffold, also facilitating the growth of and proliferation of the cells. This biomimetic hydrogel holds great potential for tissue engineering applications, particularly in skin regeneration and cancer research. The study used melanoma spheroids fabricated using the 96-round bottom well plate method as a potential application. The results demonstrate that the developed hydrogels allowed the maintenance of spheroid integrity and viability, meaning it has a promising use as a three-dimensional in vitro model of melanoma for both tissue engineering and drug screening applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bindi
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Annalisa Perioli
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Priscila Melo
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Clara Mattu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Ana Marina Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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11
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Ahn M, Cho WW, Lee H, Park W, Lee SH, Back JW, Gao Q, Gao G, Cho DW, Kim BS. Engineering of Uniform Epidermal Layers via Sacrificial Gelatin Bioink-Assisted 3D Extrusion Bioprinting of Skin. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301015. [PMID: 37537366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
To reconstruct an ideal full-thickness skin model, basal keratinocytes must be distributed as a confluent monolayer on the dermis. However, the currently available extrusion bioprinting method for the skin is limited when producing an air-exposed cellular monolayer because the cells are encapsulated within a bioink. This is the first study to use sacrificial gelatin-assisted extrusion bioprinting to reproduce a uniform and stratified epidermal layer. Experimental analyses of the rheological properties, printability, cell viability, and initial keratinocyte adhesion shows that the optimal gelatin bioink concentration is 4 wt.%. The appropriate thickness of the bioprinted gelatin structure for achieving a confluent keratinocyte layer is determined to be 400 µm. The suggested strategy generates a uniform keratinocyte monolayer with tight junctions throughout the central and peripheral regions, whereas manual seeding generates non-uniform cellular aggregates and vacancies. These results influence gene expression, exhibiting a propensity for epidermal differentiation. Finally, the gelatin-assisted keratinocytes are bioprinted onto a dermis composed of gelatin methacryloyl and dermis-derived decellularized extracellular matrix to establish a full-thickness skin model. Thus, this strategy leads to significant improvements in epidermal differentiation/stratification. The findings demonstrate that the gelatin-assisted approach is advantageous for recreating reliable full-thickness skin models with significant consistency for mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Ahn
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanju Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hyeon Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Back
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiqi Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ge Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Republic of Korea
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12
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Chen X, Fazel Anvari-Yazdi A, Duan X, Zimmerling A, Gharraei R, Sharma N, Sweilem S, Ning L. Biomaterials / bioinks and extrusion bioprinting. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:511-536. [PMID: 37435177 PMCID: PMC10331419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinks are formulations of biomaterials and living cells, sometimes with growth factors or other biomolecules, while extrusion bioprinting is an emerging technique to apply or deposit these bioinks or biomaterial solutions to create three-dimensional (3D) constructs with architectures and mechanical/biological properties that mimic those of native human tissue or organs. Printed constructs have found wide applications in tissue engineering for repairing or treating tissue/organ injuries, as well as in vitro tissue modelling for testing or validating newly developed therapeutics and vaccines prior to their use in humans. Successful printing of constructs and their subsequent applications rely on the properties of the formulated bioinks, including the rheological, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as the printing process. This article critically reviews the latest developments in bioinks and biomaterial solutions for extrusion bioprinting, focusing on bioink synthesis and characterization, as well as the influence of bioink properties on the printing process. Key issues and challenges are also discussed along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.B. Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Fazel Anvari-Yazdi
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - X. Duan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - A. Zimmerling
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - R. Gharraei
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, S7K 5A9, Canada
| | - N.K. Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr, S7K 5A9, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S. Sweilem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - L. Ning
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
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Fusco-Almeida AM, de Matos Silva S, dos Santos KS, de Lima Gualque MW, Vaso CO, Carvalho AR, Medina-Alarcón KP, Pires ACMDS, Belizario JA, de Souza Fernandes L, Moroz A, Martinez LR, Ruiz OH, González Á, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Alternative Non-Mammalian Animal and Cellular Methods for the Study of Host-Fungal Interactions. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:943. [PMID: 37755051 PMCID: PMC10533014 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the study of fungal pathogenesis, alternative methods have gained prominence due to recent global legislation restricting the use of mammalian animals in research. The principle of the 3 Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) is integrated into regulations and guidelines governing animal experimentation in nearly all countries. This principle advocates substituting vertebrate animals with other invertebrate organisms, embryos, microorganisms, or cell cultures. This review addresses host-fungus interactions by employing three-dimensional (3D) cultures, which offer more faithful replication of the in vivo environment, and by utilizing alternative animal models to replace traditional mammals. Among these alternative models, species like Caenorhabditis elegans and Danio rerio share approximately 75% of their genes with humans. Furthermore, models such as Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor demonstrate similarities in their innate immune systems as well as anatomical and physiological barriers, resembling those found in mammalian organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Samanta de Matos Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (O.H.R.); (Á.G.)
| | - Kelvin Sousa dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Marcos William de Lima Gualque
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Carolina Orlando Vaso
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Angélica Romão Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Kaila Petrolina Medina-Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Carolina Moreira da Silva Pires
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Jenyffie Araújo Belizario
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Lígia de Souza Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrei Moroz
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Luis R. Martinez
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Immunology and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Orville Hernandez Ruiz
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (O.H.R.); (Á.G.)
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Group University of Antioquia, Corporation for Biological Research, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| | - Ángel González
- Basic and Applied Microbiology Group (MICROBA), School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia; (O.H.R.); (Á.G.)
| | - Maria José Soares Mendes-Giannini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (A.M.F.-A.); (S.d.M.S.); (K.S.d.S.); (M.W.d.L.G.); (C.O.V.); (A.R.C.); (K.P.M.-A.); (A.C.M.d.S.P.); (J.A.B.); (L.d.S.F.); (A.M.)
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Pandey A, Pragya, Kanoujia J, Parashar P. New Insights into the Applications of 3D-Printed Biomaterial in Wound Healing and Prosthesis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:191. [PMID: 37726576 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently three-dimensional bioprinting (3D-bioP) has emerged as a revolutionary technique for numerous biomedical applications. 3D-bioP has facilitated the printing of advanced and complex human organs resulting in satisfactory therapeutic practice. One of the important biomedical applications of 3D-bioP is in tissue engineering, wound healing, and prosthetics. 3D-bioP is basically aimed to restore the natural extracellular matrix of human's damage due to wounds. The relevant search was explored using various scientific database, viz., PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The objective of this review is to emphasize interpretations from the pre-executed studies and to assess the worth of employing 3D-bioP in wound healing as well as prosthetics in terms of patient compliance, clinical outcomes, and economic viability. Furthermore, the benefits of applying 3D-bioP in wound healing over traditional methods have been covered along with the biocompatible biomaterials employed as bioinks has been discussion. Additionally, the review expands about the clinical trials in 3D-bioP field, showing promise of biomedical applicability of this technique with growing advancement in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Pandey
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India
| | - Pragya
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India
| | - Jovita Kanoujia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (AUMP), Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474005, India
| | - Poonam Parashar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, U.P., 226028, India.
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15
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Vach Agocsova S, Culenova M, Birova I, Omanikova L, Moncmanova B, Danisovic L, Ziaran S, Bakos D, Alexy P. Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4267. [PMID: 37374451 PMCID: PMC10301242 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a thorough overview of the available resorbable biomaterials appropriate for producing replacements for damaged tissues. In addition, their various properties and application possibilities are discussed as well. Biomaterials are fundamental components in tissue engineering (TE) of scaffolds and play a critical role. They need to exhibit biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability, and non-toxicity, to ensure their ability to function effectively with an appropriate host response. With ongoing research and advancements in biomaterials for medical implants, the objective of this review is to explore recently developed implantable scaffold materials for various tissues. The categorization of biomaterials in this paper includes fossil-based materials (e.g., PCL, PVA, PU, PEG, and PPF), natural or bio-based materials (e.g., HA, PLA, PHB, PHBV, chitosan, fibrin, collagen, starch, and hydrogels), and hybrid biomaterials (e.g., PCL/PLA, PCL/PEG, PLA/PEG, PLA/PHB PCL/collagen, PCL/chitosan, PCL/starch, and PLA/bioceramics). The application of these biomaterials in both hard and soft TE is considered, with a particular focus on their physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Furthermore, the interactions between scaffolds and the host immune system in the context of scaffold-driven tissue regeneration are discussed. Additionally, the article briefly mentions the concept of in situ TE, which leverages the self-renewal capacities of affected tissues and highlights the crucial role played by biopolymer-based scaffolds in this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vach Agocsova
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.V.A.); (B.M.); (D.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Martina Culenova
- Panara a.s., Krskanska 21, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.B.); (L.O.)
| | - Ivana Birova
- Panara a.s., Krskanska 21, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.B.); (L.O.)
| | - Leona Omanikova
- Panara a.s., Krskanska 21, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.B.); (L.O.)
| | - Barbora Moncmanova
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.V.A.); (B.M.); (D.B.); (P.A.)
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia; (L.D.); (S.Z.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Ziaran
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nabrezie I. Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia; (L.D.); (S.Z.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Limbova 5, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dusan Bakos
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.V.A.); (B.M.); (D.B.); (P.A.)
- Panara a.s., Krskanska 21, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.B.); (L.O.)
| | - Pavol Alexy
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (S.V.A.); (B.M.); (D.B.); (P.A.)
- Panara a.s., Krskanska 21, 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.B.); (L.O.)
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16
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İpek S, Üstündağ A, Can Eke B. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture studies: a review of the field of toxicology. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:523-533. [PMID: 35450503 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2066114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture employed for centuries is extensively used in toxicological studies. There is no doubt that 2D cell culture has made significant contributions to toxicology. However, in today's world, it is necessary to develop more physiologically relevant models. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, which can recapitulate the cell's microenvironment, is, therefore, a more realistic model compared to traditional cell culture. In toxicology, 3D cell culture models are a powerful tool for studying different tissues and organs in similar environments and behave as if they are in in vivo conditions. In this review, we aimed to present 3D cell culture models that have been used in different organ toxicity studies. We reported the results and interpretations obtained from these studies. We aimed to highlight 3D models as the future of cell culture by reviewing 3D models used in different organ toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda İpek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Üstündağ
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Benay Can Eke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Arif ZU, Khalid MY, Noroozi R, Hossain M, Shi HH, Tariq A, Ramakrishna S, Umer R. Additive manufacturing of sustainable biomaterials for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100812. [PMID: 37274921 PMCID: PMC10238852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are promising environmentally benign materials applicable in multifarious applications. They are especially favorable in implantable biomedical devices thanks to their excellent unique properties, including bioactivity, renewability, bioresorbability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilicity. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a flexible and intricate manufacturing technology, which is widely used to fabricate biopolymer-based customized products and structures for advanced healthcare systems. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of these sustainable materials is applied in functional clinical settings including wound dressing, drug delivery systems, medical implants and tissue engineering. The present review highlights recent advancements in different types of biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, which are employed to develop different biomedical products by using extrusion, vat polymerization, laser and inkjet 3D printing techniques in addition to normal bioprinting and four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting techniques. This review also incorporates the influence of nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances of 3D-printed tissue scaffolds. This work also addresses current challenges as well as future developments of environmentally friendly polymeric materials manufactured through the AM techniques. Ideally, there is a need for more focused research on the adequate blending of these biodegradable biopolymers for achieving useful results in targeted biomedical areas. We envision that biopolymer-based 3D-printed composites have the potential to revolutionize the biomedical sector in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ullah Arif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khalid
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reza Noroozi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokarram Hossain
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering (ZCCE), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - HaoTian Harvey Shi
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ali Tariq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Rehan Umer
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Nikfarjam S, Aldubaisi Y, Swami V, Swami V, Xu G, Vaughan MB, Wolf RF, Khandaker M. Polycaprolactone Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane with Skin Graft Containing Collagen and Bandage Containing MgO Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092014. [PMID: 37177160 PMCID: PMC10180917 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to create a nanofiber-based skin graft with an antimicrobial bandage that could accelerate the healing of an open wound while minimizing infection. To this end, we prepared a bi-layer construct where the top layer acts as bandage, and the bottom layer acts as a dermal equivalent graft. A collagen (CG) gel was combined without and with an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membrane to prepare CG and CG-PCL dermal equivalent constructs. The antibacterial properties of PCL with and without an antibacterial agent (MgO nanoparticles) against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) was also examined. Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in each construct to make the dermal equivalent grafts. After culturing, keratinocytes were plated on top of the tissues to allow growth of an epidermis. Rheological and durability tests were conducted on in vitro dermal and skin equivalent cultures, and we found that PCL significantly affects CG-PCL graft biological and mechanical strength (rheology and durability). PCL presence in the dermal equivalent allowed sufficient tension generation to activate fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta. During culture of the skin equivalents, optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed layers corresponding to dermal and epidermal compartments in the presence or absence of PCL; this was confirmed after fixed specimens were histologically sectioned and stained. MgO added to PCL showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus. In vivo animal studies using a rat skin model showed that a polycaprolactone nanofiber bandage containing a type I collagen skin graft has potential for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Nikfarjam
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Yaqeen Aldubaisi
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Vivek Swami
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Vinay Swami
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Melville B Vaughan
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Roman F Wolf
- Oklahoma Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Morshed Khandaker
- School of Engineering, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
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19
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Joshi A, Nuntapramote T, Brüggemann D. Self-Assembled Fibrinogen Scaffolds Support Cocultivation of Human Dermal Fibroblasts and HaCaT Keratinocytes. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:8650-8663. [PMID: 36910955 PMCID: PMC9996769 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled fibrinogen scaffolds are highly attractive biomaterials to mimic native blood clots. To explore their potential for wound healing, we studied the interaction of cocultures of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and HaCaT keratinocytes with nanofibrous, planar, and physisorbed fibrinogen. Cell viability analysis indicated that the growth of HDFs and HaCaTs was supported by all fibrinogen topographies until 14 days, either in mono- or coculture. Using scanning electron microscopy and cytoskeletal staining, we observed that the native morphology of both cell types was preserved on all topographies. Expression of the marker proteins vimentin and cytokeratin-14 showed that the native phenotype of fibroblasts and undifferentiated keratinocytes, respectively, was maintained. HDFs displayed their characteristic wound healing phenotype, characterized by expression of fibronectin. Finally, to mimic the multilayered microenvironment of skin, we established successive cocultures of both cells, for which we found consistently high metabolic activities. SEM analysis revealed that HaCaTs arranged into a confluent top layer after 14 days, while fluorescent labeling confirmed the presence of both cells in the layered structure after 6 days. In conclusion, all fibrinogen topographies successfully supported the cocultivation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes, with fibrinogen nanofibers being particularly attractive for skin regeneration due to their biomimetic porous architecture and the technical possibility to be detached from an underlying substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Joshi
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Titinun Nuntapramote
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Brüggemann
- Institute
for Biophysics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MAPEX
Center for Materials and Processes, University
of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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20
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Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of human skin equivalents manufactured through droplet-based bioprinting/nebulization technology. Mol Cell Toxicol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-023-00330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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Biological Scaffolds for Congenital Heart Disease. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010057. [PMID: 36671629 PMCID: PMC9854830 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most predominant birth defect and can require several invasive surgeries throughout childhood. The absence of materials with growth and remodelling potential is a limitation of currently used prosthetics in cardiovascular surgery, as well as their susceptibility to calcification. The field of tissue engineering has emerged as a regenerative medicine approach aiming to develop durable scaffolds possessing the ability to grow and remodel upon implantation into the defective hearts of babies and children with CHD. Though tissue engineering has produced several synthetic scaffolds, most of them failed to be successfully translated in this life-endangering clinical scenario, and currently, biological scaffolds are the most extensively used. This review aims to thoroughly summarise the existing biological scaffolds for the treatment of paediatric CHD, categorised as homografts and xenografts, and present the preclinical and clinical studies. Fixation as well as techniques of decellularisation will be reported, highlighting the importance of these approaches for the successful implantation of biological scaffolds that avoid prosthetic rejection. Additionally, cardiac scaffolds for paediatric CHD can be implanted as acellular prostheses, or recellularised before implantation, and cellularisation techniques will be extensively discussed.
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22
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Balters L, Reichl S. 3D bioprinting of corneal models: A review of the current state and future outlook. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231197793. [PMID: 37719307 PMCID: PMC10504850 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231197793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea is the outermost layer of the eye and serves to protect the eye and enable vision by refracting light. The need for cornea organ donors remains high, and the demand for an artificial alternative continues to grow. 3D bioprinting is a promising new method to create artificial organs and tissues. 3D bioprinting offers the precise spatial arrangement of biomaterials and cells to create 3D constructs. As the cornea is an avascular tissue which makes it more attractive for 3D bioprinting, it could be one of the first tissues to be made fully functional via 3D bioprinting. This review discusses the most common 3D bioprinting technologies and biomaterials used for 3D bioprinting corneal models. Additionally, the current state of 3D bioprinted corneal models, especially specific characteristics such as light transmission, biomechanics, and marker expression, and in vivo studies are discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Balters
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stephan Reichl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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23
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Echeverria Molina MI, Chen CA, Martinez J, Tran P, Komvopoulos K. Novel Electrospun Polycaprolactone/Calcium Alginate Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:136. [PMID: 36614475 PMCID: PMC9821731 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
After decades of research, fully functional skin regeneration is still a challenge. Skin is a multilayered complex organ exhibiting a cascading healing process affected by various mechanisms. Specifically, nutrients, oxygen, and biochemical signals can lead to specific cell behavior, ultimately conducive to the formation of high-quality tissue. This biomolecular exchange can be tuned through scaffold engineering, one of the leading fields in skin substitutes and equivalents. The principal objective of this investigation was the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a new class of three-dimensional fibrous scaffolds consisting of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/calcium alginate (CA), with the goal to induce keratinocyte differentiation through the action of calcium leaching. Scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning using a PCL/sodium alginate solution were treated by immersion in a calcium chloride solution to replace alginate-linked sodium ions by calcium ions. This treatment not only provided ion replacement, but also induced fiber crosslinking. The scaffold morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy and systematically assessed by measurements of the pore size and the diameter, alignment, and crosslinking of the fibers. The hydrophilicity of the scaffolds was quantified by contact angle measurements and was correlated to the augmentation of cell attachment in the presence of CA. The in vitro performance of the scaffolds was investigated by seeding and staining fibroblasts and keratinocytes and using differentiation markers to detect the evolution of basal, spinous, and granular keratinocytes. The results of this study illuminate the potential of the PCL/CA scaffolds for tissue engineering and suggest that calcium leaching out from the scaffolds might have contributed to the development of a desirable biological environment for the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of the main skin cells (i.e., fibroblasts and keratinocytes).
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24
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3D Bioprinting Technology and Hydrogels Used in the Process. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040214. [PMID: 36412855 PMCID: PMC9680466 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting has gained visibility in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to its applicability. Over time, this technology has been optimized and adapted to ensure a better printability of bioinks and biomaterial inks, contributing to developing structures that mimic human anatomy. Therefore, cross-linked polymeric materials, such as hydrogels, have been highly targeted for the elaboration of bioinks, as they guarantee cell proliferation and adhesion. Thus, this short review offers a brief evolution of the 3D bioprinting technology and elucidates the main hydrogels used in the process.
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25
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Tan SH, Chua DAC, Tang JRJ, Bonnard C, Leavesley D, Liang K. Design of Hydrogel-based Scaffolds for in vitro Three-dimensional Human Skin Model Reconstruction. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:13-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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26
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Sun W, Liu Z, Xu J, Cheng Y, Yin R, Ma L, Li H, Qian X, Zhang H. 3D skin models along with skin-on-a-chip systems: A critical review. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Wang Z, Zhao H, Tang X, Meng T, Khutsishvili D, Xu B, Ma S. CNS Organoid Surpasses Cell-Laden Microgel Assembly to Promote Spinal Cord Injury Repair. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9832128. [PMID: 36061824 PMCID: PMC9394056 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9832128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The choice of therapeutic agents remains an unsolved issue in the repair of spinal cord injury. In this work, various agents and configurations were investigated and compared for their performance in promoting nerve regeneration, including bead assembly and bulk gel of collagen and Matrigel, under acellular and cell-laden conditions, and cerebral organoid (CO) as the in vitro preorganized agent. First, in Matrigel-based agents and the CO transplantations, the recipient animal gained more axon regeneration and the higher Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring than the grafted collagen gels. Second, new nerves more uniformly infiltrated into the transplants in bead form assembly than the molded chunks. Third, the materials loaded the neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or the CO implantation groups received more regenerated nerve fibers than their acellular counterparts, suggesting the necessity to transplant exogenous cells for large trauma (e.g., a 5 mm long spinal cord transect). In addition, the activated microglial cells might benefit from neural regeneration after receiving CO transplantation in the recipient animals. The organoid augmentation may suggest that in vitro maturation of a microtissue complex is necessary before transplantation and proposes organoids as the premium therapeutic agents for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitian Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianyu Meng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Davit Khutsishvili
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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28
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Gao C, Lu C, Qiao H, Zhang Y, Liu H, Jian Z, Guo Z, Liu Y. Strategies for vascularized skin models in vitro. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4724-4739. [PMID: 35861381 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00784c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
As the largest organ of the human body, the skin has a complex multi-layered structure. The composition of the skin includes cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), vascular networks, and other appendages. Because of the shortage of donor sites, skin substitutes are of great significance in the field of skin tissue repair. Moreover, skin models for disease research, drug screening, and cosmetic testing fall far short of the demand. Skin tissue engineering has made remarkable progress in developing skin models over the years. However, there are still several problems to be resolved. One of the crucial aspects is the lack of vascular systems for nutrient transport and waste disposal. Here, we will focus on the discussion and analysis of advanced manufacturing strategies for prevascularized skin, such as a scaffold-based method, cell coating technology, cell sheet engineering, skin-on-a-chip, and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. These key challenges, which restrict the prevascularized skin and provide perspectives on future directions will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Gao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Chunxiang Lu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Hao Qiao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Huazhen Liu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhian Jian
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zilong Guo
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. .,Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
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29
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Amukarimi S, Rezvani Z, Eghtesadi N, Mozafari M. Smart biomaterials: From 3D printing to 4D bioprinting. Methods 2022; 205:191-199. [PMID: 35810960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This century is blessed with enhanced medical facilities on the grounds of the development of smart biomaterials. The rise of the four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting technology is a shining example. Using inert biomaterials as the bioinks for the three-dimensional (3D) printing process, static objects that might not be able to mimic the dynamic nature of tissues would be fabricated; by contrast, 4D bioprinting can be used for the fabrication of stimuli-responsive cell-laden structures that can evolve with time and enable engineered tissues to undergo morphological changes in a pre-planned way. For all the aptitude of 4D bioprinting technology in tissue engineering, it is imperative to select suitable stimuli-responsive biomaterials with cell-supporting functionalities and responsiveness; as a result, in this article, recent advances and challenges in smart biomaterials for 4D bioprinting are briefly discussed. An overview perspective concerning the latest developments in 4D-bioprinting is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukufe Amukarimi
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezvani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico Di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Neda Eghtesadi
- Inorganic Chemistry Group, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Quigley C, Tuladhar S, Habib A. A Roadmap to Fabricate Geometrically Accurate Three-Dimensional Scaffolds CO-Printed by Natural and Synthetic Polymers. JOURNAL OF MICRO- AND NANO-MANUFACTURING 2022; 10:021001. [PMID: 36439379 PMCID: PMC9680328 DOI: 10.1115/1.4055474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting is a promising field in regenerating patient-specific tissues and organs due to its inherent capability of releasing biocompatible materials encapsulating living cells in a predefined location. Due to the diverse characteristics of tissues and organs in terms of microstructures and cell types, a multinozzle extrusion-based 3D bioprinting system has gained popularity. The investigations on interactions between various biomaterials and cell-to-material can provide relevant information about the scaffold geometry, cell viability, and proliferation. Natural hydrogels are frequently used in bioprinting materials because of their high-water content and biocompatibility. However, the dominancy of liquid characteristics of only-hydrogel materials makes the printing process challenging. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is the most frequently used synthetic biopolymer. It can provide mechanical integrity to achieve dimensionally accurate fabricated scaffolds, especially for hard tissues such as bone and cartilage scaffolds. In this paper, we explored various multimaterial bioprinting strategies with our recently proposed bio-inks and PCL intending to achieve dimensional accuracy and mechanical aspects. Various strategies were followed to coprint natural and synthetic biopolymers and interactions were analyzed between them. Printability of pure PCL with various molecular weights was optimized with respect to different process parameters such as nozzle temperature, printing pressure, printing speed, porosity, and bed temperature to coprint with natural hydrogels. The relationship between the rheological properties and shape fidelity of natural polymers was investigated with a set of printing strategies during coprinting with PCL. The successful application of this research can help achieve dimensionally accurate scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Quigley
- Sustainable Product Design and Architecture, Keene State College, 229 Main Street, Keene, NH 03435
| | - Slesha Tuladhar
- Sustainable Product Design and Architecture, Keene State College, 229 Main Street, Keene, NH 03435
| | - Ahasan Habib
- Sustainable Product Design and Architecture, Keene State College, 229 Main Street, Keene, NH 03435
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31
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Advances in spray products for skin regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 16:187-203. [PMID: 35386328 PMCID: PMC8965724 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, skin wounds are still an issue for healthcare professionals. Although numerous approaches have been developed over the years for skin regeneration, recent advances in regenerative medicine offer very promising strategies for the fabrication of artificial skin substitutes, including 3D bioprinting, electrospinning or spraying, among others. In particular, skin sprays are an innovative technique still under clinical evaluation that show great potential for the delivery of cells and hydrogels to treat acute and chronic wounds. Skin sprays present significant advantages compared to conventional treatments for wound healing, such as the facility of application, the possibility to treat large wound areas, or the homogeneous distribution of the sprayed material. In this article, we review the latest advances in this technology, giving a detailed description of investigational and currently commercially available acellular and cellular skin spray products, used for a variety of diseases and applying different experimental materials. Moreover, as skin sprays products are subjected to different classifications, we also explain the regulatory pathways for their commercialization and include the main clinical trials for different skin diseases and their treatment conditions. Finally, we argue and suggest possible future trends for the biotechnology of skin sprays for a better use in clinical dermatology. Skin sprays represent a promising technique for wound healing applications. Skin sprays can deliver cells and hydrogels with great facility over large wounds. Many skin spray products have been studied, only a few have been commercialized. Numerous clinical trials study spray products for skin diseases like psoriasis. Improved spraying devices should be developed for different materials and cells.
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32
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Barthold JE, McCreery K, Martinez J, Bellerjeau C, Ding Y, Bryant SJ, Whiting G, Neu CP. Particulate ECM biomaterial ink is 3D printed and naturally crosslinked to form structurally-layered and lubricated cartilage tissue mimics. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35203071 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac584c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a layered tissue with a complex, heterogenous structure and lubricated surface which is challenging to reproduce using traditional tissue engineering methods. 3D printing techniques have enabled engineering of complex scaffolds for cartilage regeneration, but constructs fail to replicate the unique zonal layers, and limited cytocompatible crosslinkers exist. To address the need for mechanically robust, layered scaffolds, we developed an extracellular matrix particle-based biomaterial ink (pECM biomaterial ink) which can be extruded, polymerizes via disulfide bonding, and restores surface lubrication. Our cartilage pECM biomaterial ink utilizes functionalized hyaluronan, a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan, crosslinked directly to decellularized tissue particles (ø 40-100 µm). We experimentally determined that hyaluronan functionalized with thiol groups (t-HA) forms disulfide bonds with the ECM particles to form a 3D network. We show that two inks can be co-printed to create a layered cartilage scaffold with bulk compressive and surface (friction coefficient, adhesion, and roughness) mechanics approaching values measured on native cartilage. We demonstrate that our printing process enables the addition of macropores throughout the construct, increasing the viability of introduced cells by 10%. The delivery of these 3D printed scaffolds to a defect is straightforward, customizable to any shape, and adheres to surrounding tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne E Barthold
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
| | - Kaitlin McCreery
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
| | - Jaylene Martinez
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
| | - Charlotte Bellerjeau
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
| | - Yifu Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Campmode, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 427, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, UNITED STATES
| | - Stephanie J Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, USA, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, UNITED STATES
| | - Gregory Whiting
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
| | - Corey P Neu
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1111 Engineering Drive, UCB 427, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0401, UNITED STATES
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Antezana PE, Municoy S, Álvarez-Echazú MI, Santo-Orihuela PL, Catalano PN, Al-Tel TH, Kadumudi FB, Dolatshahi-Pirouz A, Orive G, Desimone MF. The 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds for Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:464. [PMID: 35214197 PMCID: PMC8875365 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin tissue engineering and regeneration aim at repairing defective skin injuries and progress in wound healing. Until now, even though several developments are made in this field, it is still challenging to face the complexity of the tissue with current methods of fabrication. In this review, short, state-of-the-art on developments made in skin tissue engineering using 3D bioprinting as a new tool are described. The current bioprinting methods and a summary of bioink formulations, parameters, and properties are discussed. Finally, a representative number of examples and advances made in the field together with limitations and future needs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Edmundo Antezana
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Sofia Municoy
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - María Inés Álvarez-Echazú
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Pablo Luis Santo-Orihuela
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Plagas e Insecticidas (CIPEIN), Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa CITEDEF/UNIDEF, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina (CONICET), Juan B. de La Salle 4397, Villa Martelli, Buenos Aires 1603, Argentina
| | - Paolo Nicolás Catalano
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, CNEA-CONICET, Av. General Paz 1499, San Martín 1650, Argentina
| | - Taleb H Al-Tel
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Firoz Babu Kadumudi
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Gorka Orive
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology-UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Martin Federico Desimone
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Junín 956, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
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Calori IR, Alves SR, Bi H, Tedesco AC. Type-I Collagen/Collagenase Modulates the 3D Structure and Behavior of Glioblastoma Spheroid Models. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:723-733. [PMID: 35068151 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids have emerged as well-structured, three-dimensional culture models that resemble and mimic the complexity of the dense and hypoxic cancer microenvironment. However, in brain tumor studies, a variety of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines only self-assemble into loose cellular aggregates, lacking the properties of actual glioma tumors in humans. In this study, we used type-I collagen as an extracellular matrix component to promote the compaction of GBM aggregates forming tight spheroids to understand how collagen influences the properties of tumors, such as their growth, proliferation, and invasion, and collagenase to promote collagen degradation. The GBM cell lines U87MG, T98G, and A172, as well as the medulloblastoma cell line UW473, were used as standard cell lines that do not spontaneously self-assemble into spheroids, and GBM U251 was used as a self-assembling cell line. According to the findings, all cell lines formed tight spheroids at collagen concentrations higher than 15.0 μg mL-1. Collagen was distributed along the spheroid, similarly to that observed in invasive GBM tumors, and decreased cell migration with no effect on the cellular uptake of small active molecules, as demonstrated by uptake studies using the photosensitizer verteporfin. The enzymatic cleavage of collagen affected spheroid morphology and increased cell migration while maintaining cell viability. Such behaviors are relevant to the physiological models of GBM tumors and are useful for better understanding cell migration and the in vivo infiltration path, drug screening, and kinetics of progression of GBM tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Rodrigo Calori
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Samara Rodrigues Alves
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Hong Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering -Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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Teoh JH, Tay SM, Fuh J, Wang CH. Fabricating scalable, personalized wound dressings with customizable drug loadings via 3D printing. J Control Release 2021; 341:80-94. [PMID: 34793918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, 3D printing has been gaining traction as a fabrication platform for customizable drug dosages as a form of personalized medicine. While this has been recently demonstrated as oral dosages, there is potential to provide the same customizability and personalization as topical applications for wound healing. In this paper, the application of 3D printing to fabricate hydrogel wound dressings with customizable architectures and drug dosages was investigated. Chitosan methacrylate was synthesized and mixed with Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Levofloxacin respectively along with a photoinitiator before being used to print wound dressings of various designs. These designs were then investigated for their effect on drug release rates and profiles. Our results show the ability of 3D printing to customize drug dosages and drug release rates through co-loading different drugs at various positions and varying the thickness of drug-free layers over drug-loaded layers in the wound dressing respectively. Two scale-up approaches were also investigated for their effects on drug release rates from the wound dressing. The influence that each wound dressing design has on the release profile of drugs was also shown by fitting them with drug release kinetic models. This study thus shows the feasibility of utilizing 3D printing to fabricate wound dressings with customizable shapes, drug dosage and drug release rates that can be tuned according to the patient's requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Heng Teoh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Sook Muay Tay
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Division of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore
| | - Jerry Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
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McGivern S, Boutouil H, Al-Kharusi G, Little S, Dunne NJ, Levingstone TJ. Translational Application of 3D Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:144. [PMID: 34677217 PMCID: PMC8533558 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is an avascular tissue with extremely limited self-regeneration capabilities. At present, there are no existing treatments that effectively stop the deterioration of cartilage or reverse its effects; current treatments merely relieve its symptoms and surgical intervention is required when the condition aggravates. Thus, cartilage damage remains an ongoing challenge in orthopaedics with an urgent need for improved treatment options. In recent years, major advances have been made in the development of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted constructs for cartilage repair applications. 3D bioprinting is an evolutionary additive manufacturing technique that enables the precisely controlled deposition of a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules, collectively known as bioink, layer-by-layer to produce constructs that simulate the structure and function of native cartilage tissue. This review provides an insight into the current developments in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering. The bioink and construct properties required for successful application in cartilage repair applications are highlighted. Furthermore, the potential for translation of 3D bioprinted constructs to the clinic is discussed. Overall, 3D bioprinting demonstrates great potential as a novel technique for the fabrication of tissue engineered constructs for cartilage regeneration, with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie McGivern
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (S.M.); (H.B.); (G.A.-K.); (N.J.D.)
| | - Halima Boutouil
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (S.M.); (H.B.); (G.A.-K.); (N.J.D.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ghayadah Al-Kharusi
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (S.M.); (H.B.); (G.A.-K.); (N.J.D.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Little
- Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (S.M.); (H.B.); (G.A.-K.); (N.J.D.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Tanya J. Levingstone
- Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland; (S.M.); (H.B.); (G.A.-K.); (N.J.D.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research (MEDeng), Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, D09 NA55 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering (TCBE), Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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Koch F, Thaden O, Tröndle K, Zengerle R, Zimmermann S, Koltay P. Open-source hybrid 3D-bioprinter for simultaneous printing of thermoplastics and hydrogels. HARDWAREX 2021; 10:e00230. [PMID: 35607684 PMCID: PMC9123455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
3D-bioprinting is a promising technology applicable in areas such as regenerative medicine or in vitro organ model development. Various 3D-bioprinting technologies and systems have been developed and are partly commercially available. Here, we present the construction and characterization of an open-source low-cost 3D-bioprinter that allows the alternated microextrusion of hydrogel and fused deposition modeling (FDM) of thermoplastic filaments. The presented 3D-bioprinter is based on a conventional Prusa i3 MK3 printer and features two independent printheads: the original FDM-head and a syringe-based microextrusion printhead for soft materials. Modifications were designed modularly to fit various syringe formats or heating elements to the device. The bioprinter is the first hybrid DIY 3D-bioprinter that allows switching between materials as often as required during a print run to produce complex multi-material constructs with arbitrary patterns in each layer. For validation of the printer, two designs suitable for relevant bioprinting applications were realized. First, a porous plastic construct filled with hydrogel was printed, serving as a mechanically stable bone replacement tissue model. Second, a plastic chamber, which might be used in organ-on-a-chip applications, was printed with an extruded silicone sealing that enables the liquid-tight attachment of glass slides to the top and bottom of the chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Koch
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ole Thaden
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Tröndle
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Koltay
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), Georges-Koehler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Vijayavenkataraman S. Perspective: 3D bioprinted skin - engineering the skin for medical applications. ANNALS OF 3D PRINTED MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stlm.2021.100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gao C, Lu C, Jian Z, Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhu Q, Tai Z, Liu Y. 3D bioprinting for fabricating artificial skin tissue. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112041. [PMID: 34425531 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
As an organ in direct contact with the external environment, the skin is the first line of defense against external stimuli, so it is the most vulnerable to damage. In addition, there is an increasing demand for artificial skin in the fields of drug testing, disease research and cosmetic testing. Traditional skin tissue engineering has made encouraging progress after years of development. However, due to the complexity of the skin structures, there is still a big gap between existing artificial skin and natural skin in terms of function. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an advanced biological manufacturing method. It accurately deposits bioinks into pre-designed three-dimensional shapes to create complex biological tissues. This technology aims to print artificial tissues and organs with biological activities and complete physiological functions, thereby alleviating the problem of tissues and organs in short supply. Here, based on the introduction to skin structure and function, we systematically elaborate and analyze skin manufacturing methods, 3D bioprinting biomaterials and strategies, etc. Finally, the challenges and perspectives in 3D bioprinting skin field are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Gao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chunxiang Lu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhian Jian
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center for External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Salvatore L, Gallo N, Natali ML, Terzi A, Sannino A, Madaghiele M. Mimicking the Hierarchical Organization of Natural Collagen: Toward the Development of Ideal Scaffolding Material for Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:644595. [PMID: 33987173 PMCID: PMC8112590 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.644595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological materials found in living organisms, many of which are proteins, feature a complex hierarchical organization. Type I collagen, a fibrous structural protein ubiquitous in the mammalian body, provides a striking example of such a hierarchical material, with peculiar architectural features ranging from the amino acid sequence at the nanoscale (primary structure) up to the assembly of fibrils (quaternary structure) and fibers, with lengths of the order of microns. Collagen plays a dominant role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of various tissues and organs, such as bone, skin, tendons, blood vessels, and cartilage. Thus, "artificial" collagen-based fibrous assemblies, endowed with appropriate structural properties, represent ideal substrates for the development of devices for tissue engineering applications. In recent years, with the ultimate goal of developing three-dimensional scaffolds with optimal bioactivity able to promote both regeneration and functional recovery of a damaged tissue, numerous studies focused on the capability to finely modulate the scaffold architecture at the microscale and the nanoscale in order to closely mimic the hierarchical features of the extracellular matrix and, in particular, the natural patterning of collagen. All of these studies clearly show that the accurate characterization of the collagen structure at the submolecular and supramolecular levels is pivotal to the understanding of the relationships between the nanostructural/microstructural properties of the fabricated scaffold and its macroscopic performance. Several studies also demonstrate that the selected processing, including any crosslinking and/or sterilization treatments, can strongly affect the architecture of collagen at various length scales. The aim of this review is to highlight the most recent findings on the development of collagen-based scaffolds with optimized properties for tissue engineering. The optimization of the scaffolds is particularly related to the modulation of the collagen architecture, which, in turn, impacts on the achieved bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Natali
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alberta Terzi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Tan B, Gan S, Wang X, Liu W, Li X. Applications of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering: advantages, deficiencies, improvements, and future perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5385-5413. [PMID: 34124724 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00172h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, 3D bioprinting technology has progressed tremendously in the field of tissue engineering in its ability to fabricate individualized biological constructs with precise geometric designability, which offers us the capability to bridge the divergence between engineered tissue constructs and natural tissues. In this work, we first review the current widely used 3D bioprinting approaches, cells, and materials. Next, the updated applications of this technique in tissue engineering, including bone tissue, cartilage tissue, vascular grafts, skin, neural tissue, heart tissue, liver tissue and lung tissue, are briefly introduced. Then, the prominent advantages of 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering are summarized in detail: rapidly prototyping the customized structure, delivering cell-laden materials with high precision in space, and engineering with a highly controllable microenvironment. The current technical deficiencies of 3D bioprinted constructs in terms of mechanical properties and cell behaviors are afterward illustrated, as well as corresponding improvements. Finally, we conclude with future perspectives about 3D bioprinting in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosen Tan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shaolei Gan
- Jiangxi Borayer Biotech Co., Ltd, Nanchang 330052, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenyong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
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