1
|
Kjelkenes R, Wolfers T, Alnæs D, Norbom LB, Voldsbekk I, Holm M, Dahl A, Berthet P, Tamnes CK, Marquand AF, Westlye LT. Deviations from normative brain white and gray matter structure are associated with psychopathology in youth. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 58:101173. [PMID: 36332329 PMCID: PMC9637865 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining imaging modalities and metrics that are sensitive to various aspects of brain structure and maturation may help identify individuals that show deviations in relation to same-aged peers, and thus benefit early-risk-assessment for mental disorders. We used one timepoint multimodal brain imaging, cognitive, and questionnaire data from 1280 eight- to twenty-one-year-olds from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We estimated age-related gray and white matter properties and estimated individual deviation scores using normative modeling. Next, we tested for associations between the estimated deviation scores, and with psychopathology domain scores and cognition. More negative deviations in DTI-based fractional anisotropy (FA) and the first principal eigenvalue of the diffusion tensor (L1) were associated with higher scores on psychosis positive and prodromal symptoms and general psychopathology. A more negative deviation in cortical thickness (CT) was associated with a higher general psychopathology score. Negative deviations in global FA, surface area, L1 and CT were also associated with poorer cognitive performance. No robust associations were found between the deviation scores based on CT and DTI. The low correlations between the different multimodal magnetic resonance imaging-based deviation scores suggest that psychopathological burden in adolescence can be mapped onto partly distinct neurobiological features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rikka Kjelkenes
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Corresponding authors at: Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dag Alnæs
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn B. Norbom
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irene Voldsbekk
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Madelene Holm
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pierre Berthet
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian K. Tamnes
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andre F. Marquand
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands,Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, & Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Norway,Corresponding authors at: Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roddy DW, Roman E, Nasa A, Gazzaz A, Zainy A, Burke T, Staines L, Kelleher I, O'Neill A, Clarke M, O'Hanlon E, Cannon M. Microstructural changes along the cingulum in young adolescents with psychotic experiences: An along-tract analysis. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5116-5131. [PMID: 36004608 PMCID: PMC9825926 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Psychotic experiences (PEs) such as hallucinations and delusions are common among young people without psychiatric diagnoses and are associated with connectivity and white matter abnormalities, particularly in the limbic system. Using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adolescents with reported PEs and matched controls, we examined the cingulum white matter tract along its length rather than as the usually reported single indivisible structure. Complex regional differences in diffusion metrics were found along the bundle at key loci following Bonferroni significance adjustment (p < .00013) with moderate to large effect sizes (.11-.76) throughout all significant subsegments. In this prospective community-based cohort of school-age children, these findings suggest that white matter alterations in the limbic system may be more common in the general non-clinical adolescent population than previously thought. Such white matter alternations may only be uncovered using a similar more granular along-tract analysis of white matter tracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren William Roddy
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland,Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Lloyd BuildingTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Elena Roman
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Anurag Nasa
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Lloyd BuildingTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Areej Gazzaz
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Ahmed Zainy
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Tom Burke
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Lorna Staines
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Ian Kelleher
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Aisling O'Neill
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Mary Clarke
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| | - Erik O'Hanlon
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland,Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Lloyd BuildingTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Mary Cannon
- Department of PsychiatryRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mennigen E, Bearden CE. Psychosis Risk and Development: What Do We Know From Population-Based Studies? Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:315-325. [PMID: 32061373 PMCID: PMC7305046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen an advent in population-based studies in children, adolescents, and adults that examine the prevalence, etiology, and developmental trajectories of diverse subclinical psychopathological symptoms that pose a risk for the later development of severe mental illnesses. It is increasingly recognized that most categorically defined psychiatric disorders occur on a spectrum or continuum, show high heterogeneity and symptom overlap, and share genetic and environmental risk factors. We discuss neurodevelopmental underpinnings of psychosis spectrum symptoms and review brain morphometric and functional alterations as well as genetic liability for psychosis in individuals experiencing psychotic symptoms (PSs) in the general population. With regard to brain structure and function, findings of qualitatively similar alterations in individuals experiencing subthreshold PSs and individuals with overt psychotic disorders support the notion of a psychosis continuum. However, genetic and epidemiological studies have emphasized the overlap of PSs and other psychiatric illnesses. In particular, PSs during adolescence appear to be a nonspecific precursor of different psychopathological outcomes. Given the evidence presented in this review, we argue that findings from population-based studies are appropriate to guide policy-making to further emphasize public health efforts. Broadly accessible mental health programs are promising to make a difference in the field of adolescent mental health. However, the specific efficacy of these programs warrants further study, and caution is advised to not overpathologize potentially transient occurrence of mental health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mennigen
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Karlsgodt KH. White Matter Microstructure across the Psychosis Spectrum. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:406-416. [PMID: 32349908 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a neuroimaging technique that has allowed us an unprecedented look at the role that white matter microstructure may play in mental illnesses, such as psychosis. Psychosis-related illnesses, including schizophrenia, are increasingly viewed as existing along a spectrum; spectrums may be defined based on factors such as stage of illness, symptom severity, or genetic liability. This review first focuses on an overview of some of the recent findings from DWI studies. Then, it examines the ways in which DWI analyses have been extended across the broader psychosis spectrum, or spectrums, and what we have learned from such approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H Karlsgodt
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|