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Suryavanshi U, Angadi KK, Reddy VS, Reddy GB. Neuroprotective role of vitamin B12 in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110823. [PMID: 38049026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia-induced neuropathological changes include neuronal apoptosis, astrogliosis, decrease in neurotrophic support, impaired synaptic plasticity, and impaired protein quality control (PQC) system. Vitamin B12 is indispensable for neuronal development and brain function. Several studies reported the neuroprotective effect of B12 supplementation in diabetic patients. However, the underlying molecular basis for the neuroprotective effect of B12 supplementation in diabetes needs to be thoroughly investigated. Two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups: Control (CN), diabetes (D; induced with streptozotocin; STZ), and diabetic rats supplemented with vitamin B12 (DBS; vitamin B12; 50 μg/kg) for four months. At the end of 4 months of experimentation, the brain was dissected to collect the cerebral cortex (CC). The morphology of CC was investigated with H&E and Nissl body staining. Neuronal apoptosis was determined with TUNEL assay. The components of neurotrophic support, astrogliosis, synaptic plasticity, and PQC processes were investigated by immunoblotting and immunostaining methods. H& E, Nissl body, and TUNEL staining revealed that diabetes-induced neuronal apoptosis and degeneration. However, B12 supplementation ameliorated the diabetes-induced neuronal apoptosis. Further, B12 supplementation restored the markers of neurotrophic support (BDNF, NGF, and GDNF), and synaptic plasticity (SYP, and PSD-95) in diabetic rats. Interestingly, B12 supplementation also attenuated astrogliosis, ER stress, and ameliorated autophagy-related proteins in diabetic rats. Overall, these findings suggest that B12 acts as a neuroprotective agent by inhibiting the neuropathological changes in STZ-induced type 1 diabetes. Thus, B12 supplementation could produce beneficial outcomes including neuroprotective effects in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaykanth Suryavanshi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Angadi
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - V Sudhakar Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Biochemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India.
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2
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Natale F, Spinelli M, Rinaudo M, Cocco S, Nifo Sarrapochiello I, Fusco S, Grassi C. Maternal High Fat Diet Anticipates the AD-like Phenotype in 3xTg-AD Mice by Epigenetic Dysregulation of Aβ Metabolism. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020220. [PMID: 36672155 PMCID: PMC9856666 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal overnutrition has been reported to affect brain plasticity of the offspring by altering gene expression, regulating both synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis. However, whether perinatal metabolic stress may influence the accumulation of misfolded proteins and the development of neurodegeneration remains to be clarified. We investigated the impact of maternal high fat diet (HFD) in an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The 3xTg-AD mice born to overfed mothers showed an impairment of synaptic plasticity and cognitive deficits earlier than controls. Maternal HFD also altered the expression of genes regulating amyloid-β-protein (Aβ) metabolism (i.e., Bace1, Ern1, Ide and Nicastrin) and enhanced Aβ deposition in the hippocampus. Finally, we found an epigenetic derangement and an aberrant recruitment of transcription factors NF-kB and STAT3 and chromatin remodeler HDAC2 on the regulatory sequences of the same genes. Collectively, our data indicate that early life metabolic stress worsens the AD phenotype via epigenetic alteration of genes regulating Aβ synthesis and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Rinaudo
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Cocco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Cardoso GTM, Gomes-Leal W, Franco ECS, Pereira A, Gomes FL, Brino ALF, Lima SMA. Compensatory Hippocampal Neurogenesis in the Absence of Cognitive Impairment Following Experimental Hippocampectomy in Adult Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:709291. [PMID: 34531725 PMCID: PMC8438326 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.709291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the commonest type of focal epilepsy in adult humans, and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the main pathological finding in this type of epilepsy. In refractory TLE, patients are indicated for unilateral resection of the affected hippocampus by a surgical procedure called hippocampectomy which generally does not cause any cognitive impairment. Once adult hippocampus is a region of endogenous neurogenesis, even in elderly people, we have hypothesized that a compensatory increase in hippocampal neurogenesis might occur in the remaining hippocampus after unilateral hippocampectomy. To test this hypothesis, we performed unilateral hippocampectomy in adult Wistar rats, which were perfused at 15 (G15) and 30 (G30) days post-surgery. Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly distributed in the following experimental groups: control (no surgery, N = 6), G15 (N = 6), and G30 (N = 6). Adjacent cortex and hippocampus of the left hemisphere were completely removed. Behavioral procedures were performed to address possible cognitive impairments. Brains were collected and fixed from animals belonging to all experimental groups. Gross histopathology was performed using thionine staining. Neuroblasts and mature neurons were immunolabeled using anti-doublecortin (DCX) and anti-NeuN antibodies, respectively. Numbers of DCX and NeuN positive cells were quantified for all experimental groups. Animals submitted to hippocampectomy did not present any cognitive impairment as evaluated by eight-arm radial maze behavioral test. The remaining hippocampus presented a higher number of DCX positive cells compared to control (p < 0.001, ANOVA-Tukey) at both G15 and G30. A higher number of NeuN positive cells were present in the granular layer of dentate gyrus at G30 compared to control and G15 (p < 0.001, ANOVA-Tukey). The data suggest that unilateral hippocampectomy induces compensatory neurogenic effect in the contralateral hippocampus. This may underlie the reported absence of significant cognitive impairment and parallels the findings in human patients submitted to unilateral hippocampectomy to treat refractory TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana T M Cardoso
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Walace Gomes-Leal
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Edna C S Franco
- Pathology Unit, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Antonio Pereira
- Laboratory of Signal Processing, Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Francinaldo L Gomes
- Neurology Unit, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ana Leda F Brino
- Experimental School of Primates, Center for Theory and Behavioral Research, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Silene M A Lima
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Bekdash RA. Early Life Nutrition and Mental Health: The Role of DNA Methylation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093111. [PMID: 34578987 PMCID: PMC8469584 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Does the quality of our diet during early life impact our long-term mental health? Accumulating evidence suggests that nutrition interacts with our genes and that there is a strong association between the quality of diet and mental health throughout life. Environmental influences such as maternal diet during pregnancy or offspring diet have been shown to cause epigenetic changes during critical periods of development, such as chemical modifications of DNA or histones by methylation for the regulation of gene expression. One-carbon metabolism, which consists of the folate and methionine cycles, is influenced by the diet and generates S-Adenosylmethinoine (SAM), the main methyl donor for methylation reactions such as DNA and histone methylation. This review provides current knowledge on how the levels of one-carbon metabolism associated micronutrients such as choline, betaine, folate, methionine and B vitamins that play a role in brain function can impact our well-being and mental health across the lifespan. Micronutrients that act as methyl donors for SAM formation could affect global or gene methylation, altering gene expression and phenotype. Strategies should then be adopted to better understand how these nutrients work and their impact at different stages of development to provide individualized dietary recommendations for better mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola A Bekdash
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Modulation of vigabatrin induced cerebellar injury: the role of caspase-3 and RIPK1/RIPK3-regulated cell death pathways. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:781-798. [PMID: 34046766 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Vigabatrin is the drug of choice in resistant epilepsy and infantile spasms. Ataxia, tremors, and abnormal gait have been frequently reported following its use indicating cerebellar involvement. This study aimed, for the first time, to investigate the involvement of necroptosis and apoptosis in the VG-induced cerebellar cell loss and the possible protective role of combined omega-3 and vitamin B12 supplementation. Fifty Sprague-Dawley adult male rats (160-200 g) were divided into equal five groups: the control group received normal saline, VG200 and VG400 groups received VG (200 mg or 400 mg/kg, respectively), VG200 + OB and VG400 + OB groups received combined VG (200 mg or 400 mg/kg, respectively), vitamin B12 (1 mg/kg), and omega-3 (1 g/kg). All medications were given daily by gavage for four weeks. Histopathological changes were examined in H&E and luxol fast blue (LFB) stained sections. Immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for myelin basic protein (MBP), caspase-3, and receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-3 (RIPK3) genes were performed. VG caused a decrease in the granular layer thickness and Purkinje cell number, vacuolations, demyelination, suppression of MBP gene expression, and induction of caspases-3, RIPK1, and RIPK3 in a dose-related manner. Combined supplementation with B12 and omega-3 improved the cerebellar histology, increased MBP, and decreased apoptotic and necroptotic markers. In conclusion, VG-induced neuronal cell loss is dose-dependent and related to both apoptosis and necroptosis. This could either be ameliorated (in low-dose VG) or reduced (in high-dose VG) by combined supplementation with B12 and omega-3.
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Shrestha N, Sleep SL, Cuffe JSM, Holland OJ, Perkins AV, Yau SY, McAinch AJ, Hryciw DH. Role of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in fetal programming. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:907-915. [PMID: 31883131 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition plays a critical role in fetal development and can influence adult onset of disease. Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) are major omega-6 (n-6) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), respectively, that are essential in our diet. LA and ALA are critical for the development of the fetal neurological and immune systems. However, in recent years, the consumption of n-6 PUFA has increased gradually worldwide, and elevated n-6 PUFA consumption may be harmful to human health. Consumption of diets with high levels of n-6 PUFA before or during pregnancy may have detrimental effects on fetal development and may influence overall health of offspring in adulthood. This review discusses the role of n-6 PUFA in fetal programming, the importance of a balance between n-6 and n-3 PUFAs in the maternal diet, and the need of further animal models and human studies that critically evaluate both n-6 and n-3 PUFA contents in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirajan Shrestha
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Simone L Sleep
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - James S M Cuffe
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Olivia J Holland
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Anthony V Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Suk Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,University Research Facility in Behavioural and Systems Neuroscience, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew J McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St. Albans, Vic., Australia
| | - Deanne H Hryciw
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
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Tan M, Yang T, Zhu J, Li Q, Lai X, Li Y, Tang T, Chen J, Li T. Maternal folic acid and micronutrient supplementation is associated with vitamin levels and symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 91:109-115. [PMID: 31759952 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To explore possible associations between maternal use of micronutrient supplements and the subsequent vitamin levels and symptoms in offspring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a total of 416 children with ASD and 201 typically developing (TD) children were enrolled. The children born to mothers without folic acid (FA) and micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy had more severe social cognition impairments, social communication impairments, autism behaviour mannerisms, developmental delays in adaptive and gross motor behaviour and gastrointestinal problems than children born to mothers who used FA and micronutrient supplements (P<0.05). Interestingly, there was an association between maternal micronutrient supplementation and vitamin A (VA), vitamin D (VD) and folate levels in the ASD children (P<0.05), and levels of these vitamins also were associated with symptoms of ASD. Maternal FA and/or micronutrient supplementation may potentially moderate the symptoms of ASD. Interrupting the chain of micronutrient deficiencies between pregnant mothers and children may be beneficial in improving symptoms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tan
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xi Lai
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Ting Tang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Perrin MT, Pawlak R, Dean LL, Christis A, Friend L. A cross-sectional study of fatty acids and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in human milk from lactating women following vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diets. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:2401-2410. [PMID: 30051170 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Essential fatty acids are critical for brain growth and neurodevelopment in infancy. Maternal diet and supplement use have a significant impact on the fat composition of human milk. The objective of this study is to assess supplement utilization patterns and fatty acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in the breast milk of women following vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diet patterns. METHODS This is a cross-sectional, observational study of 74 lactating women in the United States following a vegan (n = 26), vegetarian (n = 22), or omnivore (n = 26) diet pattern. A single breast milk sample was collected from each participant and assessed for fatty acids and BDNF. RESULTS Median unsaturated fatty acids in the breast milk of vegan, vegetarian, and omnivores, as a percentage of total fatty acids, was 66.0, 57.8, and 56.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). Total omega-3 percentages were 2.29% for vegans, 1.55% for vegetarians, and 1.46% for omnivores (p < 0.001). Docosahexaenoic acid percentages were not different by diet pattern, but over 80% of participants had milk concentrations below 0.30% of total fatty acids. Reports of omega-3 supplements use (10/74) and weekly seafood consumption (3/74) were limited. BDNF was not detectable in any samples. CONCLUSIONS Breast milk from vegans had significantly higher unsaturated fat and total omega-3 fats, and lower saturated fats, trans fats, and omega-6 to omega-3 ratios than their vegetarian and omnivore counterparts. Docosahexaenoic acid concentrations in breast milk were low regardless of maternal diet pattern, and were reflective of low seafood intake and supplement use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne T Perrin
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 318 College Avenue, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA.
| | - Roman Pawlak
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Health Sciences Building, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Lisa L Dean
- Market Quality and Handling Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Southeast Area (LLD), 400 Dan Allen Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Amber Christis
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 318 College Avenue, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA
| | - Linda Friend
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 318 College Avenue, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA
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Queiroz MP, Lima MDS, Barbosa MQ, de Melo MFFT, Bertozzo CCDMS, de Oliveira MEG, Bessa RJB, Alves SPA, Souza MIA, Queiroga RDCRDE, Soares JKB. Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Memory and Reflex Maturation in Rats Treated During Early Life. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:370. [PMID: 31068778 PMCID: PMC6491851 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the critical period of neurodevelopment (gestation and lactation), maternal consumption of essential fatty acids (FAs) can alter the offspring cognitive function permanently causing damage. Lipids can regulate neurotrophin and compose brain tissue. However, the effects of maternal consumption of a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on an offspring nervous system are not completely clear. We aimed to investigate the impacts of different CLA concentrations mixed into the maternal diet during early life on neonatal reflex maturation and cognitive functions of the offspring. Three groups were formed: control (CG): receiving a standard diet; CLA1: receiving a diet containing 1% of CLA, and CLA3: receiving a diet containing 3% of CLA, offered during gestation and lactation. After birth, the reflex responses of the offspring were observed from the 1st to the 21st day. After weaning, the animals' anxiety and memory were assessed using open field (OF) and novel object recognition tests. Fatty acids in the breast milk and the offspring's brain were also quantified. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. CLA1 presented accelerated palmar grasp disappearance versus CLA3 and negative-geotaxis versus CG; and the CLA3 presented increases for most reflexes (cliff-avoidance, vibrissa-placing, negative-geotaxis, and auditory-startle response), and decrease in reflexes palmar grasp and free-fall righting versus CG (p < 0.05). CLA3 group explored less of the OF in the second exposure. CLA1 and CLA3 presented an increased exploration ratio for new objects, which indicates memory improvement. The milk tested from CLA3 demonstrated an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acids. The amount of CLA in milk was greater in CLA1 and CLA3 and in the brain offspring both presented moderated amounts of CLA. Maternal treatment with the CLA mixture induced anticipated reflex maturation and improved memory in the offspring. Even though CLA was detected in the brains in only trace amounts, offspring's brain PUFA and SFA levels were increased. Further studies aimed to delineate the effect of maternal CLA supplementation on offspring's brain lipid metabolism and long-term neurologic outcome are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pires Queiroz
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Martiniano da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Mayara Queiroga Barbosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Elieidy Gomes de Oliveira
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Rui José Branquinho Bessa
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Paula Almeida Alves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Izabel Amaral Souza
- Program in Animal Science, School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Program of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Brazil
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10
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Ghizoni H, Ventura M, Colle D, Gonçalves CL, de Souza V, Hartwig JM, Santos DB, Naime AA, Cristina de Oliveira Souza V, Lopes MW, Barbosa F, Brocardo PS, Farina M. Effects of perinatal exposure to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and methylmercury on cerebellar and behavioral parameters in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:603-615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Jawale S, Joshi S, Kale A. Maternal dairy fat diet does not influence neurotrophin levels and cognitive performance in the rat offspring at adult age. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:18-29. [PMID: 30110649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive development may be influenced by maternal nutrition especially fats. Indian population is vegetarian and main source of fat is dairy. This study investigates the effect of dairy fat consumption during pregnancy in an animal model on fatty acids, brain neurotrophins (brain derived neurotrophic factor: BDNF; and nerve growth factor: NGF) and cognitive performance in adult offspring. Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to control (Control C) and four treatment groups: High fat diet (HFD); High fat diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (HFDO); High fat diet deficient in vitamin B12 (HFBD); High fat deficient in vitamin B12 supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (HFBDO). Half the dams were dissected on d20 of gestation, and the brains of their pups were collected. The remaining dams delivered on d22 of gestation and were assigned to a control diet. The cognitive performance of these adult offspring was assessed at 6 mo of age. Brain fatty acids were comparable to control in the pups at birth and offspring at 6 mo of age. The protein levels of BDNF in the pup brain at birth were lower in both the HFD (p < 0.01) and HFBD (p < 0.05) groups as compared to control. The mRNA levels of TrK B were lower (p < 0.05) in the pup brain at birth in the HFD as compared to control group. In the offspring at 6 mo of age the protein levels of BDNF and NGF in all the treatment groups were similar to that of control. However, the mRNA levels of only BDNF (p < 0.01 for both) were higher in the HFBD group as compared to both control and HFD groups. The cognitive performance of the adult offspring from various dietary groups was similar to control. In conclusion, consumption of a maternal high dairy fat diet although lowered the levels of brain BDNF in the pup at birth it does not affect the cognitive health of the adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Jawale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411043, India.
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12
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Robinson SL, Marín C, Oliveros H, Mora-Plazas M, Richards BJ, Lozoff B, Villamor E. Iron Deficiency, Anemia, and Low Vitamin B-12 Serostatus in Middle Childhood Are Associated with Behavior Problems in Adolescent Boys: Results from the Bogotá School Children Cohort. J Nutr 2018; 148:760-770. [PMID: 29897579 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency (ID) in infancy is related to subsequent behavior problems. The effects of micronutrient status in middle childhood are uncertain. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the associations of micronutrient status biomarkers in middle childhood with externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in adolescence. METHODS We assessed whether ID (ferritin <15 µg/L), anemia (hemoglobin <12.7 g/dL), or blood concentrations of zinc, vitamins A and B-12, and folate at ages 5-12 y were associated with externalizing or internalizing behavior problems in adolescence in 1042 schoolchildren from Bogotá, Colombia. Behavior problems were assessed with the Youth Self-Report questionnaire after a median 6.2 y of follow-up. Mean problem score differences with 95% CIs were estimated between categories of micronutrient status biomarkers with the use of multivariable linear regression. RESULTS Mean ± SD externalizing and internalizing problems scores were 52.6 ± 9.6 and 53.8 ± 9.9, respectively. Among boys, middle-childhood ID, anemia, and low plasma vitamin B-12 were associated with 5.9 (95% CI: 1.0, 10.7), 6.6 (95% CI: 1.9, 11.3), and 2.7 (95% CI: 0.4, 4.9) units higher mean externalizing problems scores in adolescence, respectively-after adjustment for baseline age, time spent watching television or playing video games, mother's height, and socioeconomic status. Also in boys, ID was related to an adjusted 6.4 (95% CI: 1.2, 11.6) units higher mean internalizing problems score. There were no associations among girls. Other micronutrient status biomarkers were not associated with behavior problems. CONCLUSIONS ID, anemia, and low vitamin B-12 in middle childhood are related to behavior problems in adolescent boys.This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03297970.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and The Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Constanza Marín
- Medical School, Department of Medicine, The University of La Sabana, Colombia, Chía.,The Foundation for Research in Nutrition and Health, Colombia, Bogotá
| | - Henry Oliveros
- Medical School, Department of Medicine, The University of La Sabana, Colombia, Chía
| | | | - Blair J Richards
- The Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Betsy Lozoff
- The Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and The Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,The Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Kemse N, Kale A, Chavan-Gautam P, Joshi S. Increased intake of vitamin B12, folate, and omega-3 fatty acids to improve cognitive performance in offspring born to rats with induced hypertension during pregnancy. Food Funct 2018; 9:3872-3883. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00467f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12, folic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid levels are reported to be altered in women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Kemse
- Department of Nutritional Medicine
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)
- Pune 411043
- India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)
- Pune 411043
- India
| | - Preeti Chavan-Gautam
- Department of Nutritional Medicine
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)
- Pune 411043
- India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs
- Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)
- Pune 411043
- India
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14
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Rathod R, Khaire A, Kale A, Joshi S. A combined supplementation of vitamin B12 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids across two generations improves nerve growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 2016; 339:376-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Jawale S, Pulwale A, Joshi S, Kale A. Maternal high fat diet deficient in vitamin B 12 influences long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in rats. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:2404-2412. [PMID: 27806659 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1251578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In India, there is a rise in non-communicable diseases due to diets deficient in vitamin B12, low in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and increased consumption of westernized diet. The present study aims to examine the effect of maternal high fat diet (HFD) in absence of vitamin B12 on pregnancy outcome and tissue fatty acid composition in dams. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to following diets: Control (C), HFD, High fat diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (HFDO), 4) High fat diet deficient in vitamin B12 (HFBD), High fat deficient in vitamin B12 supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (HFBDO). RESULTS There was no effect on pregnancy outcome as a consequence of different dietary treatments. The levels of DHA in HFBD group were lower (p < 0.05 for both) in placenta as compared to both control and HFD groups, which were improved by omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. CONCLUSION This data suggests that maternal HFD (using dairy fat) did not adversely affect pregnancy outcome. However, maternal HFBD reduced levels of placental DHA. This may have implications for reduced fetal brain growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Jawale
- a Department of Nutritional Medicine , Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, BharatiVidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , India
| | - Anubha Pulwale
- a Department of Nutritional Medicine , Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, BharatiVidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- a Department of Nutritional Medicine , Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, BharatiVidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , India
| | - Anvita Kale
- a Department of Nutritional Medicine , Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, BharatiVidyapeeth Deemed University , Pune , India
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Niknazar S, Nahavandi A, Peyvandi AA, Peyvandi H, Zare Mehrjerdi F, Karimi M. Effect of Maternal Stress Prior to Conception on Hippocampal BDNF Signaling in Rat Offspring. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6436-6445. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Rathod RS, Khaire AA, Kale AA, Joshi SR. Effect of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on brain neurotrophins and cognition in rats: A multigeneration study. Biochimie 2016; 128-129:201-8. [PMID: 27569259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids are important nutrients required for neuronal functioning. We have demonstrated the beneficial effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on brain neurotrophins and cognition in the first and second generation offspring. However, there is a need to examine if the effects are sustained in the third generation offspring. This study reports the effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation across three consecutive generations on brain neurotrophins like brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); nerve growth factor (NGF) and cognitive performance in the third generation male offspring. Three successive generations of Wistar rats were assigned the following groups throughout pregnancy, lactation and adulthood: i) Control, ii) vitamin B12 deficient (BD), iii) vitamin B12 deficient + omega-3 fatty acid (BDO), iv) vitamin B12 supplemented (BS) and v) vitamin B12 supplemented + omega-3 fatty acid (BSO). The BD group demonstrated lower (p < 0.01) NGF in the cortex but not BDNF levels although the cognition was impaired (p < 0.01). In contrast, in the BDO group, higher NGF levels were observed in the hippocampus and animals demonstrated improved (p < 0.01) cognitive performance. Vitamin B12 supplementation showed comparable BDNF levels in the hippocampus while their levels were lower in the cortex as compared to the control (p < 0.05). These animals showed more reference and working memory errors (p < 0.01) as compared to the control group. A combined supplementation of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid showed higher (p < 0.01) levels of DHA and NGF in the hippocampus, higher BDNF in both hippocampus and cortex and improved cognitive performance. Our findings have implications for fortification of foods with vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids in improving brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa S Rathod
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Amrita A Khaire
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Anvita A Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India.
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Vasilopoulou CG, Margarity M, Klapa MI. Metabolomic Analysis in Brain Research: Opportunities and Challenges. Front Physiol 2016; 7:183. [PMID: 27252656 PMCID: PMC4878281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism being a fundamental part of molecular physiology, elucidating the structure and regulation of metabolic pathways is crucial for obtaining a comprehensive perspective of cellular function and understanding the underlying mechanisms of its dysfunction(s). Therefore, quantifying an accurate metabolic network activity map under various physiological conditions is among the major objectives of systems biology in the context of many biological applications. Especially for CNS, metabolic network activity analysis can substantially enhance our knowledge about the complex structure of the mammalian brain and the mechanisms of neurological disorders, leading to the design of effective therapeutic treatments. Metabolomics has emerged as the high-throughput quantitative analysis of the concentration profile of small molecular weight metabolites, which act as reactants and products in metabolic reactions and as regulatory molecules of proteins participating in many biological processes. Thus, the metabolic profile provides a metabolic activity fingerprint, through the simultaneous analysis of tens to hundreds of molecules of pathophysiological and pharmacological interest. The application of metabolomics is at its standardization phase in general, and the challenges for paving a standardized procedure are even more pronounced in brain studies. In this review, we support the value of metabolomics in brain research. Moreover, we demonstrate the challenges of designing and setting up a reliable brain metabolomic study, which, among other parameters, has to take into consideration the sex differentiation and the complexity of brain physiology manifested in its regional variation. We finally propose ways to overcome these challenges and design a study that produces reproducible and consistent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G Vasilopoulou
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT)Patras, Greece; Human and Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of PatrasPatras, Greece
| | - Marigoula Margarity
- Human and Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Patras Patras, Greece
| | - Maria I Klapa
- Metabolic Engineering and Systems Biology Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT)Patras, Greece; Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Bioengineering, University of MarylandCollege Park, MD, USA
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Rathod R, Kale A, Joshi S. Novel insights into the effect of vitamin B₁₂ and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function. J Biomed Sci 2016; 23:17. [PMID: 26809263 PMCID: PMC4727338 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-016-0241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by cognitive decline is increasing at an alarming rate and account for a significant proportion of the global disease burden. Evidences from human and animal studies indicate that neurocognitive development is influenced by various environmental factors including nutrition. It has been established that nutrition affects the brain throughout life. However, the mechanisms through which nutrition modulates mental health are still not well understood. It has been suggested that the deficiencies of both vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids can have adverse effects on cognition and synaptic plasticity. Studies indicate a need for supplementation of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce the risk of cognitive decline, although the results of intervention trials using these nutrients in isolation are inconclusive. In the present article, we provide an overview of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids, the possible mechanisms and the evidences through which vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids modulate mental health and cognition. Understanding the role of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids on brain functioning may provide important clues to prevent early cognitive deficits and later neurobehavioral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathod
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune, 411043, India.
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20
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Khaire A, Rathod R, Kale A, Joshi S. Vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids together regulate lipid metabolism in Wistar rats. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 99:7-17. [PMID: 26003565 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study indicates that maternal vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid status influence plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid profile in dams. The present study examines the effects of prenatal and postnatal vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid status on lipid metabolism in the offspring. Pregnant dams were divided into five groups: Control; Vitamin B12 deficient (BD); Vitamin B12 supplemented (BS); Vitamin B12 deficient group supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (BDO); Vitamin B12 supplemented group with omega-3 fatty acids (BSO). The offspring were continued on the same diets till 3 month of age. Vitamin B12 deficiency increased cholesterol levels (p<0.01) but reduced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p<0.05), liver mRNA levels of acetyl CoA carboxylase-1 (ACC-1) (p<0.05) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) (p<0.01) in the offspring. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to this group normalized cholesterol but not mRNA levels of ACC-1 and CPT-1. Vitamin B12 supplementation normalized the levels cholesterol to that of control but increased plasma triglyceride (p<0.01) and reduced liver mRNA levels of adiponectin, ACC-1, and CPT-1 (p<0.01 for all). Supplementation of both vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid normalized triglyceride and mRNA levels of all the above genes. Prenatal and postnatal vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids together play a crucial role in regulating the genes involved in lipid metabolism in adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Khaire
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Richa Rathod
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune Satara Road, Pune 411043, India.
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21
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Rathod RS, Khaire AA, Kale AA, Joshi SR. Beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin B12 supplementation on brain docosahexaenoic acid, brain derived neurotrophic factor, and cognitive performance in the second-generation Wistar rats. Biofactors 2015; 41:261-72. [PMID: 26249019 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In vegetarian population, vitamin B12 deficiency coexists with suboptimal levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Studies indicate a need for supplementation/fortification of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce the risk of brain disorders. We have described the effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on brain development in F1 generation animals. The current study investigates the effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on brain function and cognition. Pregnant Wistar rats were assigned the following groups: control, vitamin B12 deficient (BD), vitamin B12 deficient + omega-3 fatty acid (BDO), vitamin B12 supplemented (BS), vitamin B12 supplemented + omega-3 fatty acid (BSO). The same diets were continued for two generations. BDO group showed higher (P < 0.05) levels of BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in the cortex and hippocampus as compared with the BD group. The cognitive performance was also normalized in this group. BS showed comparable levels of DHA, BDNF (protein and mRNA), and CREB mRNA (cAMP response element-binding protein) to that of control group while Tropomyosin receptor kinase mRNA levels were higher. The combined vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation further enhanced the levels of DHA (P < 0.05) and BDNF (P < 0.05) in the hippocampus and CREB mRNA (P < 0.01) in the cortex as compared with BS group. The cognitive performance of these animals was higher (P < 0.05) as compared with BS group. Our data indicates the beneficial effects of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation across two generations on brain development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa S Rathod
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Amrita A Khaire
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Anvita A Kale
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, India
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Rathod RS, Khaire AA, Kale AA, Joshi SR. Maternal omega‐3 fatty acid supplementation to a vitamin B
12
deficient diet normalizes angiogenic markers in the pup brain at birth. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 43:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richa S. Rathod
- Department of Nutritional MedicineInteractive Research School for Health AffairsBharati Vidyapeeth Deemed UniversityPune Satara RoadPune411043India
| | - Amrita A. Khaire
- Department of Nutritional MedicineInteractive Research School for Health AffairsBharati Vidyapeeth Deemed UniversityPune Satara RoadPune411043India
| | - Anvita A. Kale
- Department of Nutritional MedicineInteractive Research School for Health AffairsBharati Vidyapeeth Deemed UniversityPune Satara RoadPune411043India
| | - Sadhana R. Joshi
- Department of Nutritional MedicineInteractive Research School for Health AffairsBharati Vidyapeeth Deemed UniversityPune Satara RoadPune411043India
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23
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Lane M, McPherson NO, Fullston T, Spillane M, Sandeman L, Kang WX, Zander-Fox DL. Oxidative stress in mouse sperm impairs embryo development, fetal growth and alters adiposity and glucose regulation in female offspring. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100832. [PMID: 25006800 PMCID: PMC4089912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paternal health cues are able to program the health of the next generation however the mechanism for this transmission is unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased in many paternal pathologies, some of which program offspring health, and are known to induce DNA damage and alter the methylation pattern of chromatin. We therefore investigated whether a chemically induced increase of ROS in sperm impairs embryo, pregnancy and offspring health. Mouse sperm was exposed to 1500 µM of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which induced oxidative damage, however did not affect sperm motility or the ability to bind and fertilize an oocyte. Sperm treated with H2O2 delayed on-time development of subsequent embryos, decreased the ratio of inner cell mass cells (ICM) in the resulting blastocyst and reduced implantation rates. Crown-rump length at day 18 of gestation was also reduced in offspring produced by H2O2 treated sperm. Female offspring from H2O2 treated sperm were smaller, became glucose intolerant and accumulated increased levels of adipose tissue compared to control female offspring. Interestingly male offspring phenotype was less severe with increases in fat depots only seen at 4 weeks of age, which was restored to that of control offspring later in life, demonstrating sex-specific impacts on offspring. This study implicates elevated sperm ROS concentrations, which are common to many paternal health pathologies, as a mediator of programming offspring for metabolic syndrome and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lane
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Repromed, Dulwich, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nicole O. McPherson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tod Fullston
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marni Spillane
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren Sandeman
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wan Xian Kang
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Deirdre L. Zander-Fox
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health and Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Repromed, Dulwich, South Australia, Australia
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Caporali P, Cutuli D, Gelfo F, Laricchiuta D, Foti F, De Bartolo P, Mancini L, Angelucci F, Petrosini L. Pre-reproductive maternal enrichment influences offspring developmental trajectories: motor behavior and neurotrophin expression. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:195. [PMID: 24910599 PMCID: PMC4038762 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental enrichment is usually applied immediately after weaning or in adulthood, with strong effects on CNS anatomy and behavior. To examine the hypothesis that a pre-reproductive environmental enrichment of females could affect the motor development of their offspring, female rats were reared in an enriched environment from weaning to sexual maturity, while other female rats used as controls were reared under standard conditions. Following mating with standard-reared males, all females were housed individually. To evaluate the eventual transgenerational influence of positive pre-reproductive maternal experiences, postural and motor development of male pups was analyzed from birth to weaning. Moreover, expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Nerve Growth Factor in different brain regions was evaluated at birth and weaning. Pre-reproductive environmental enrichment of females affected the offspring motor development, as indicated by the earlier acquisition of complex motor abilities displayed by the pups of enriched females. The earlier acquisition of motor abilities was associated with enhanced neurotrophin levels in striatum and cerebellum. In conclusion, maternal positive experiences were transgenerationally transmitted, and influenced offspring phenotype at both behavioral and biochemical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Caporali
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Debora Cutuli
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy ; Department of Systemic Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Laricchiuta
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Foti
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Paola De Bartolo
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Mancini
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy
| | | | - Laura Petrosini
- Department of Psychology, University "Sapienza" of Rome Rome, Italy ; I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy
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