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Zhang L, Jackson WJ, Bentil SA. Deformation of an airfoil-shaped brain surrogate under shock wave loading. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 120:104513. [PMID: 34010798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Improvised explosive devices (IEDs), during military operations, has increased the incidence of blast-induced traumatic brain injuries (bTBI). The shock wave is created following detonation of the IED. This shock wave propagates through the atmosphere and may cause bTBI. As a result, bTBI research has gained increased attention since this injury's mechanism is not thoroughly understood. To develop better protection and treatment against bTBI, further studies of soft material (e.g. brain and brain surrogate) deformation due to shock wave exposure are essential. However, the dynamic mechanical behavior of soft materials, subjected to high strain rates from shock wave exposure, remains unknown. Thus, an experimental approach was applied to study the interaction between the shock wave and an unconfined brain surrogate fabricated from a biomaterial (i.e. polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)). The 1:70 ratio of curing agent-to-base determined the stiffness of the PDMS (Sylgard 184, Dow Corning Corporation). A stretched NACA 2414 (upper airfoil surface) geometry was utilized to resemble the shape of a porcine brain. Digital image correlation (DIC) technique was applied to measure the deformation on the brain surrogate's surface following shock wave exposure. A shock tube was utilized to create the shock wave and pressure transducers measured the pressure in the vicinity of the brain surrogate. A transient structural analysis using ANSYS Workbench was performed to predict the elastic modulus of 1:70 airfoil-shaped PDMS, at a strain rate on the order of 6 × 103 s-1. Both compression and protrusion of the PDMS surface were found due to the shock wave exposure. Negative pressure was found in a semi-ring area, which was the cause of protrusion. Oscillation of the brain surrogate, due to the shock wave loading, was found. The frequency of oscillation does not depend on the geometry. This work will add to the limited data describing the dynamic behavior of soft materials due to shock wave loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, 2529 Union Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - William J Jackson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, 2529 Union Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Sarah A Bentil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, 2529 Union Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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2
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Injectable hydrogel enables local and sustained co-delivery to the brain: Two clinically approved biomolecules, cyclosporine and erythropoietin, accelerate functional recovery in rat model of stroke. Biomaterials 2020; 235:119794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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3
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Influencing neuroplasticity in stroke treatment with advanced biomaterials-based approaches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:204-218. [PMID: 30579882 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the early 1990s, we have known that the adult brain is not static and has the capacity to repair itself. The delivery of various therapeutic factors and cells have resulted in some exciting pre-clinical and clinical outcomes in stroke models by targeting post-injury plasticity to enhance recovery. Developing a deeper understanding of the pathways that modulate plasticity will enable us to optimize delivery strategies for therapeutics and achieve more robust effects. Biomaterials are a key tool for the optimization of these potential treatments, owing to their biocompatibility and tunability. In this review, we identify factors and targets that impact plastic processes known to contribute to recovery, discuss the role of biomaterials in enhancing the efficacy of treatment strategies, and suggest combinatorial approaches based on the stage of injury progression.
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Rajkovic O, Potjewyd G, Pinteaux E. Regenerative Medicine Therapies for Targeting Neuroinflammation After Stroke. Front Neurol 2018; 9:734. [PMID: 30233484 PMCID: PMC6129611 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major pathological event following ischemic stroke that contributes to secondary brain tissue damage leading to poor functional recovery. Following the initial ischemic insult, post-stroke inflammatory damage is driven by initiation of a central and peripheral innate immune response and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), both of which are triggered by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of circulating immune cells. Stroke therapies are limited to early cerebral blood flow reperfusion, and whilst current strategies aim at targeting neurodegeneration and/or neuroinflammation, innovative research in the field of regenerative medicine aims at developing effective treatments that target both the acute and chronic phase of inflammation. Anti-inflammatory regenerative strategies include the use of nanoparticles and hydrogels, proposed as therapeutic agents and as a delivery vehicle for encapsulated therapeutic biological factors, anti-inflammatory drugs, stem cells, and gene therapies. Biomaterial strategies-through nanoparticles and hydrogels-enable the administration of treatments that can more effectively cross the BBB when injected systemically, can be injected directly into the brain, and can be 3D-bioprinted to create bespoke implants within the site of ischemic injury. In this review, these emerging regenerative and anti-inflammatory approaches will be discussed in relation to ischemic stroke, with a perspective on the future of stroke therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivera Rajkovic
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Potjewyd
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Pinteaux
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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5
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Abstract
Creating an optimal microenvironment that supports angiogenesis, cell-cell cross talk, cell migration, and differentiation is crucial for pulp/dentin regeneration. It was shown that dental stem cells being seeded onto a scaffold and transplanted in vivo could give rise to a new tissue similar to that of the native pulp. However, the unique structure of the tooth with a pulp space encased within hard dentin allows only a single blood supply from a small apical opening located at the apex of the root canals. Therefore, a further strategy that can address this limitation such as the incorporation of endothelial/endothelial progenitor cells or cells with high angiogenic potential into the transplant is required so that the added cells can contribute to the vascularization within the implant. However, the placement of 2 or more different cell types inside 3-dimensional porous scaffolds is technologically challenging. In contrast to the conventional scaffolding approach, self-assembly of monodispersed cells into 3-dimensional tissue mimics permits true physiological interactions between and among different types of cells without any influence from a secondary material. In this review, we discuss potential strategies that can be used in vasculature engineering in dental pulp regeneration with a specific emphasis on combining prevascularization and scaffold-based or scaffold-free approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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6
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Murphy AR, Laslett A, O'Brien CM, Cameron NR. Scaffolds for 3D in vitro culture of neural lineage cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:1-20. [PMID: 28259835 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how neurodegenerative disorders develop is not only a key challenge for researchers but also for the wider society, given the rapidly aging populations in developed countries. Advances in this field require new tools with which to recreate neural tissue in vitro and produce realistic disease models. This in turn requires robust and reliable systems for performing 3D in vitro culture of neural lineage cells. This review provides a state of the art update on three-dimensional culture systems for in vitro development of neural tissue, employing a wide range of scaffold types including hydrogels, solid porous polymers, fibrous materials and decellularised tissues as well as microfluidic devices and lab-on-a-chip systems. To provide some context with in vivo development of the central nervous system (CNS), we also provide a brief overview of the neural stem cell niche, neural development and neural differentiation in vitro. We conclude with a discussion of future directions for this exciting and important field of biomaterials research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and motor neuron diseases, are a major societal challenge for aging populations. Understanding these conditions and developing therapies against them will require the development of new physical models of healthy and diseased neural tissue. Cellular models resembling neural tissue can be cultured in the laboratory with the help of 3D scaffolds - materials that allow the organization of neural cells into tissue-like structures. This review presents recent work on the development of different types of scaffolds for the 3D culture of neural lineage cells and the generation of functioning neural-like tissue. These in vitro culture systems are enabling the development of new approaches for modelling and tackling diseases of the brain and CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Murphy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew Laslett
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Carmel M O'Brien
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, VIC 3168, Australia; Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Science, Technology, Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP), Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Neil R Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Almeida JC, Lancastre J, Vaz Fernandes MH, Margaça FMA, Ferreira L, Miranda Salvado IM. Evaluating structural and microstructural changes of PDMS-SiO2 hybrid materials after sterilization by gamma irradiation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 48:354-8. [PMID: 25579933 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PDMS-SiO2 hybrid materials obtained by sol-gel process have been extensively studied over the past years due to its promising biomedical applications namely as bone substitutes, catheters, and drug delivery devices. Regardless of the intended biomedical application, all these materials should go through a sterilization process before interfacing with a living structure. However, it is unclear whether they undergo structural and microstructural changes when subjected to sterilization by gamma irradiation. This paper addresses this issue by showing that a sol-gel processed biomaterial based on the PDMS-CaO-SiO2 hybrid system suffers only small structural changes when submitted to a radiation dose of 25kGy, the dose usually recommended to achieve a Sterility Assurance Level of 10(-6) when the natural contamination level and microorganism types cannot be calculated. The characterization was assessed by FT-IR, (29)Si-{(1)H} CP-MAS, thermal analysis (DTG), and SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carlos Almeida
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Lancastre
- Campus Tecnologico e Nuclear, IST, University of Lisbon, E.N 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
| | - M Helena Vaz Fernandes
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernanda M A Margaça
- Campus Tecnologico e Nuclear, IST, University of Lisbon, E.N 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Luís Ferreira
- Campus Tecnologico e Nuclear, IST, University of Lisbon, E.N 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Isabel M Miranda Salvado
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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8
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Ricks CB, Shin SS, Becker C, Grandhi R. Extracellular matrices, artificial neural scaffolds and the promise of neural regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:1573-7. [PMID: 25368641 PMCID: PMC4211196 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.141778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over last 20 years, extracellular matrices have been shown to be useful in promoting tissue regeneration. Recently, they have been used and have had success in achieving neurogenesis. Recent developments in extracellular matrix design have allowed their successful in vivo incorporation to engender an environment favorable for neural regeneration in animal models. Promising treatments under investigation include manipulation of the intrinsic extracellular matrix and incorporation of engineered naometer-sized scaffolds through which inhibition of molecules serving as barriers to neuroregeneration and delivery of neurotrophic factors and/or cells for successful tissue regeneration can be achieved. Further understanding of the changes incurred within the extracellular matrix following central nervous system injury will undoubtedly help design a clinically efficacious extracellular matrix scaffold that can mitigate or reverse neural degeneration in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Ricks
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samuel S Shin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ramesh Grandhi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Bazarek S, Peterson DA. Prospects for engineering neurons from local neocortical cell populations as cell-mediated therapy for neurological disorders. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:2857-76. [PMID: 24756774 PMCID: PMC4729289 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is little cell replacement following neurological injury, limiting the regenerative response of the CNS. Progress in understanding the biology of neural stem cells has raised interest in using stem cells for replacing neurons lost to injury or to disease. Stem cell therapy may also have a role in rebuilding deficient neural circuitry underlying mood disorders, epilepsy, and pain modulation among other roles. In vitro expansion of stem cells with directed differentiation prior to transplantation is one approach to stem cell therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that it may be possible to convert in vivo endogenous neural cells to a neuronal fate directly, providing an alternative strategy for stem cell therapy to the CNS. This review assesses the evidence for engineering a subtype-specific neuronal fate of endogenous neural cells in the cerebral cortex as a function of initial cell lineage, reactive response to injury, conversion factors, and environmental context. We conclude with a discussion of some of the challenges that must be overcome to move this alternative in vivo engineered conversion process toward becoming a viable therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Bazarek
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064
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10
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Tam RY, Fuehrmann T, Mitrousis N, Shoichet MS. Regenerative therapies for central nervous system diseases: a biomaterials approach. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:169-88. [PMID: 24002187 PMCID: PMC3857664 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) has a limited capacity to spontaneously regenerate following traumatic injury or disease, requiring innovative strategies to promote tissue and functional repair. Tissue regeneration strategies, such as cell and/or drug delivery, have demonstrated promising results in experimental animal models, but have been difficult to translate clinically. The efficacy of cell therapy, which involves stem cell transplantation into the CNS to replace damaged tissue, has been limited due to low cell survival and integration upon transplantation, while delivery of therapeutic molecules to the CNS using conventional methods, such as oral and intravenous administration, have been limited by diffusion across the blood-brain/spinal cord-barrier. The use of biomaterials to promote graft survival and integration as well as localized and sustained delivery of biologics to CNS injury sites is actively being pursued. This review will highlight recent advances using biomaterials as cell- and drug-delivery vehicles for CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Y Tam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tobias Fuehrmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nikolaos Mitrousis
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Room 514, Toronto, ON, Canada, Tel: +416 978 1460, Fax: +416 978 4317, E-mail:
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11
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Liu Y, Ye H, Satkunendrarajah K, Yao GS, Bayon Y, Fehlings MG. A self-assembling peptide reduces glial scarring, attenuates post-traumatic inflammation and promotes neurological recovery following spinal cord injury. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:8075-88. [PMID: 23770224 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) involves post-traumatic inflammation and glial scarring which interfere with repair and recovery. Self-assembling peptides (SAPs) are molecules designed for tissue engineering. Here, we tested the performance of K2(QL)6K2 (QL6), a SAP that attenuates inflammation and glial scarring, and facilitates functional recovery. We injected QL6 into the spinal cord tissue of rats 24 h after clip compression SCI. QL6 led to a significant reduction in post-traumatic apoptosis, inflammation and astrogliosis. It also resulted in significant tissue preservation as determined by quantitative histomorphometry. Furthermore, QL6 promoted axonal preservation/regeneration, demonstrated by BDA anterograde and Fluorogold retrograde tracing. In vitro experiments found that a QL6 scaffold enhanced neuronal differentiation and suppressed astrocytic development. The electrophysiology confirmed that QL6 led to significant functional improvement of axons, including increased conduction velocity, reduced refractoriness and enhanced high-frequency conduction. These neuroanatomical and electrophysiological improvements were associated with significant neurobehavioral recovery as assessed by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan technique. As the first detailed examination of the pathophysiological properties of QL6 in SCI, this work reveals the therapeutic potential of SAPs, and may suggest an approach for the reconstruction of the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Research Institute and Spinal Program, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Elias PZ, Spector M. Characterization of a Bilateral Penetrating Brain Injury in Rats and Evaluation of a Collagen Biomaterial for Potential Treatment. J Neurotrauma 2012; 29:2086-102. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Z. Elias
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Myron Spector
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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13
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Bible E, Qutachi O, Chau DYS, Alexander MR, Shakesheff KM, Modo M. Neo-vascularization of the stroke cavity by implantation of human neural stem cells on VEGF-releasing PLGA microparticles. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7435-46. [PMID: 22818980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Replacing the tissue lost after a stroke potentially provides a new neural substrate to promote recovery. However, significant neurobiological and biotechnological challenges need to be overcome to make this possibility into a reality. Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) can differentiate into mature brain cells, but require a structural support that retains them within the cavity and affords the formation of a de novo tissue. Nevertheless, in our previous work, even after a week, this primitive tissue is void of a vasculature that could sustain its long-term viability. Therefore, tissue engineering strategies are required to develop a vasculature. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells during angio- and arteriogenesis. VEGF by itself here did not affect viability or differentiation of hNSCs, whereas growing cells on poly(D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles, with or without VEGF, doubled astrocytic and neuronal differentiation. Secretion of a burst and a sustained delivery of VEGF from the microparticles in vivo attracted endothelial cells from the host into this primitive tissue and in parts established a neovasculature, whereas in other parts endothelial cells were merely interspersed with hNSCs. There was also evidence of a hypervascularization indicating that further work will be required to establish an adequate level of vascularization. It is therefore possible to develop a putative neovasculature within de novo tissue that is forming inside a tissue cavity caused by a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Bible
- Kings College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, London, UK
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14
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Martínez‐Ramos C, Vallés‐Lluch A, Verdugo JMG, Ribelles JLG, Barcia Albacar JA, Orts AB, Soria López JM, Pradas MM. Channeled scaffolds implanted in adult rat brain. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:3276-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martínez‐Ramos
- Centro de Biomateriales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, PO Box 22012, E‐46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Vallés‐Lluch
- Centro de Biomateriales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, PO Box 22012, E‐46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel García Verdugo
- Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, Polígono La Coma, E‐46980 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Centro de Biomateriales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, PO Box 22012, E‐46071 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Amparo Baiget Orts
- Centro de Biomateriales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, PO Box 22012, E‐46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Miguel Soria López
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Avda Seminario 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Monleón Pradas
- Centro de Biomateriales, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, PO Box 22012, E‐46071 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto Nacional de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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15
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Wang Z, He Y, Yu X, Fu W, Wang W, Huang H. Rapid vascularization of tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vivo by endothelial cells in co-culture with smooth muscle cells. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:1109-17. [PMID: 22331376 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge facing the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), promising living replacements for diseased vascular structures, is enhancing angiogenesis. To promote rapid vascularization, endothelial cells (ECs) were co-cultured with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in decellularized small intestinal submucosa scaffolds to regenerate angiogenic-TEVGs (A-TEVGs). Observation of the A-TEVGs at 1 month post-implantation revealed that a rich network of neocapillaries lining the blood vessel wall had developed; that the ECs of the neovasculatures had been derived from previously seeded ECs and later invading ECs of the host's vascular bed; that tissue vascularization had not significantly impaired mechanical properties; and that the maximal tensile strength of the A-TEVGs was of the same order of magnitude as that of native porcine femoral arteries. These results indicate that of the co-culturing of ECs with SMCs could enhance vascularization of TEVGs in vivo, possibly increasing graft perfusion and host integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Huang KF, Hsu WC, Chiu WT, Wang JY. Functional improvement and neurogenesis after collagen-GAG matrix implantation into surgical brain trauma. Biomaterials 2012; 33:2067-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Kaully T, Kaufman-Francis K, Lesman A, Levenberg S. Vascularization--the conduit to viable engineered tissues. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 15:159-69. [PMID: 19309238 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2008.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Long-term viability of thick three-dimensional engineered tissue constructs is a major challenge. Addressing it requires development of vessel-like network that will allow the survival of the construct in vitro and its integration in vivo owing to improved vascularization after implantation. Resulting from work of various research groups, several approaches were developed aiming engineered tissue vascularization: (1) embodiment of angiogenesis growth factors in the polymeric scaffolds for prolonged release, (2) coculture of endothelial cells with target tissue cells and angiogenesis signaling cells, (3) use of microfabrication methods for creating designed channels for allowing nutrients to flow and/or for directing endothelial cells attachment, and (4) decellularization of organs and blood vessels for creating extracellular matrix. A synergistic effect is expected by combining several of these approaches as already demonstrated in some of the latest studies. Current paper reviews the progress in each approach and recent achievements toward vascularization of engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Kaully
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Guo Y, Shi D, Li W, Liang C, Wang H, Ye Z, Hu L, Li Y. Effects of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and vascular endothelial growth factor on the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs: A comparative study. Br J Neurosurg 2010; 24:62-8. [DOI: 10.3109/02688690903506077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Pettikiriarachchi JTS, Parish CL, Shoichet MS, Forsythe JS, Nisbet DR. Biomaterials for Brain Tissue Engineering. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch10159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as traumatic brain injuries or stroke result in neuronal loss and disruption of the brain parenchyma. Current treatment strategies are limited in that they can only mitigate the degeneration process or alleviate the symptoms but do not reverse the condition. In contrast, regenerative cell-based therapies offer long-term hope for many patients. Bioactive scaffolds are likely to reinforce the success of cell replacement therapies by providing a microenvironment that facilitates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and connectivity of transplanted and/or endogenous cells. This Review outlines various biomaterials (including hydrogels, self-assembling peptides, and electrospun nanofibres) that have been investigated for the repair of brain tissue, and discusses strategies for the immobilization of biomolecules. An overview of the potential clinical applications of such scaffolds in neurodegenerative diseases is also provided.
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Guo J, Leung KKG, Su H, Yuan Q, Wang L, Chu TH, Zhang W, Pu JKS, Ng GKP, Wong WM, Dai X, Wu W. Self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold promotes the reconstruction of acutely injured brain. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2009; 5:345-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Growth and development. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2008; 15:79-101. [PMID: 18185067 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e3282f4f084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park HJ, Kim MN, Kim JG, Bae YH, Bae MK, Wee HJ, Kim TW, Kim BS, Kim JB, Bae SK, Yoon S. Up-regulation of VEGF expression by NGF that enhances reparative angiogenesis during thymic regeneration in adult rat. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2007; 1773:1462-72. [PMID: 17586065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 05/07/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is important for adult tissue regeneration as well as normal development. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a unique potent angiogenic factor, and plays an essential role in regulating angiogenesis during embryonic development, normal tissue growth, and tissue regeneration. Recent evidence shows that nerve growth factor (NGF) also plays a role as an angiogenic regulator as well as a well-known neurotrophic factor. The aim of this study was to investigate whether thymus regeneration accompanies reparative angiogenesis and also to evaluate whether the thymic expression of VEGF is regulated by NGF in vivo and in vitro. Here, we show that high VEGF mRNA and protein levels are concomitant with reparative angiogenesis that occurs dramatically during regeneration following acute involution induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) in the rat thymus. Fluorescent thymus angiography using FITC-dextran showed that thymic regeneration is associated with a much denser capillary network compared with normal control thymus. Furthermore, the expressions of NGF and TrkA were highly increased during thymic regeneration. We also show that NGF mediates thymic epithelial induction of VEGF expression in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that NGF-mediated VEGF up-regulation in thymic epithelial cells may contribute to reparative angiogenesis during thymic regeneration in adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Joo Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, 602-739, South Korea
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