1
|
Kopaeva MY, Azieva AM, Cherepov AB, Zarayskaya IY. Lactoferrin Modulates Induction of Transcription Factor c-Fos in Neuronal Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098373. [PMID: 37176079 PMCID: PMC10179438 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional protein from the transferrin family. Of particular interest is the ability of Lf to affect a wide range of neuronal processes by modulating the expression of genes involved in long-term neuroplasticity. The expression of the immediate early gene c-fos that is rapidly activated in response to external influences, and its product, transcription factor c-Fos, is widely used as a marker of long-term neuronal plasticity. The present study aims to examine the effect of human Lf on the induction of transcription factor c-Fos in the primary mouse neuronal cultures after stimulation and to determine the cellular localization of human Lf and its colocalization with induced c-Fos protein. Primary dissociated cultures of hippocampal cells were obtained from the brains of newborn C57BL/6 mice (P0-P1). On day 7 of culturing, human Lf was added to the medium. After 24 h (day 8 in culture), c-Fos protein was induced in cells by triple application of 50 mM KCl. c-Fos content was analyzed using the immunofluorescent method 2 h after stimulation. Stimulation promoted exogenous Lf translocation into the nuclei of cultured neuronal cells, which correlated with increased induction of transcription factor c-Fos and was accompanied by nuclear colocalization of these proteins. These results attest to the potential of Lf as a modulator of neuronal processes and open up new prospects in studying the mechanisms of the regulatory effects of lactoferrin on cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Yu Kopaeva
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Asya M Azieva
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton B Cherepov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 1 Akademika Kurchatova Sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Yu Zarayskaya
- Research Institute of Normal Physiology Named after P.K. Anokhin, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun 孙意冉 Y, Yan C, He L, Xiang S, Wang P, Li Z, Chen Y, Zhao J, Yuan Y, Wang W, Zhang X, Su P, Su Y, Ma J, Xu J, Peng Q, Ma H, Xie Z, Zhang Z. Inhibition of ferroptosis through regulating neuronal calcium homeostasis: An emerging therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101899. [PMID: 36871781 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease, generates a serious threat to the health of the elderly. The AD brain is microscopically characterized by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. There are still no effective therapeutic drugs to restrain the progression of AD though much attention has been paid to exploit AD treatments. Ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, has been reported to promote the pathological occurrence and development of AD, and inhibition of neuronal ferroptosis can effectively improve the cognitive impairment of AD. Studies have shown that calcium (Ca2+) dyshomeostasis is closely related to the pathology of AD, and can drive the occurrence of ferroptosis through several pathways, such as interacting with iron, and regulating the crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This paper mainly reviews the roles of ferroptosis and Ca2+ in the pathology of AD, and highlights that restraining ferroptosis through maintaining the homeostasis of Ca2+ may be an innovative target for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Sun 孙意冉
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Libo He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Shixie Xiang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuanzhao Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wang Wang
- School of basic medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330052, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Pan Su
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yunfang Su
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jinlian Ma
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jiangyan Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Quekun Peng
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Huifen Ma
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Zhishen Xie
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Canet G, Zussy C, Hernandez C, Maurice T, Desrumaux C, Givalois L. The pathomimetic oAβ25–35 model of Alzheimer's disease: Potential for screening of new therapeutic agents. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108398. [PMID: 37001735 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, currently affecting more than 40 million people worldwide. The two main histopathological hallmarks of AD were identified in the 1980s: senile plaques (composed of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides) and neurofibrillary tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein). In the human brain, both Aβ and tau show aggregation into soluble and insoluble oligomers. Soluble oligomers of Aβ include their most predominant forms - Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 - as well as shorter peptides such as Aβ25-35 or Aβ25-35/40. Most animal models of AD have been developed using transgenesis, based on identified human mutations. However, these familial forms of AD represent less than 1% of AD cases. In this context, the idea emerged in the 1990s to directly inject the Aβ25-35 fragment into the rodent brain to develop an acute model of AD that could mimic the disease's sporadic forms (99% of all cases). This review aims to: (1) summarize the biological activity of Aβ25-35, focusing on its impact on the main structural and functional alterations observed in AD (cognitive deficits, APP misprocessing, tau system dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, cholinergic and glutamatergic alterations, HPA axis dysregulation, synaptic deficits and cell death); and (2) confirm the interest of this pathomimetic model in AD research, as it has helped identify and characterize many molecules (marketed, in clinical development, and in preclinical testing), and to the development of alternative approaches for AD prevention and therapy. Today, the Aβ25-35 model appears as a first-intent choice model to rapidly screen the symptomatic or neuroprotective potencies of new compounds, chemical series, or innovative therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun Y, Xu S, Jiang M, Liu X, Yang L, Bai Z, Yang Q. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:707466. [PMID: 34512308 PMCID: PMC8430252 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.707466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with complex pathological characteristics, whose etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Over the past few decades, the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has gained importance in neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we describe the role of the ECM in AD, focusing on the aspects of synaptic transmission, amyloid-β-plaque generation and degradation, Tau-protein production, oxidative-stress response, and inflammatory response. The function of ECM in the pathological process of AD will inform future research on the etiology and pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Sen Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Liang Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Zhantao Bai
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Qinghu Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering and Technological Research Center for Conversation and Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fabbretti E, Antognolli G, Tongiorgi E. Amyloid-β Impairs Dendritic Trafficking of Golgi-Like Organelles in the Early Phase Preceding Neurite Atrophy: Rescue by Mirtazapine. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:661728. [PMID: 34149353 PMCID: PMC8209480 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.661728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite atrophy with loss of neuronal polarity is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurological disorders. While there is substantial agreement that disruption of intracellular vesicle trafficking is associated with axonal pathology in AD, comparatively less is known regarding its role in dendritic atrophy. This is a significant gap of knowledge because, unlike axons, dendrites are endowed with the complete endomembrane system comprising endoplasmic reticulum (ER), ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), Golgi apparatus, post-Golgi vesicles, and a recycling-degradative route. In this study, using live-imaging of pGOLT-expressing vesicles, indicative of Golgi outposts and satellites, we investigate how amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers affect the trafficking of Golgi-like organelles in the different dendritic compartments of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We found that short-term (4 h) treatment with Aβ led to a decrease in anterograde trafficking of Golgi vesicles in dendrites of both resting and stimulated (with 50 mM KCl) neurons. We also characterized the ability of mirtazapine, a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic tetracyclic antidepressant (NaSSA), to rescue Golgi dynamics in dendrites. Mirtazapine treatment (10 μM) increased the number and both anterograde and retrograde motility, reducing the percentage of static Golgi vesicles. Finally, mirtazapine reverted the neurite atrophy induced by 24 h treatment with Aβ oligomers, suggesting that this drug is able to counteract the effects of Aβ by improving the dendritic trafficking of Golgi-related vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Fabbretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Tongiorgi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hopp SC. Targeting microglia L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:141-162. [PMID: 31997405 PMCID: PMC9394523 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) is a ubiquitous mediator of a multitude of cellular functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Intracellular Ca2+ is tightly regulated by cells, including entry via plasma membrane Ca2+ permeable channels. Of specific interest for this review are L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (L-VDCCs), due to their pleiotropic role in several CNS disorders. Currently, there are numerous approved drugs that target L-VDCCs, including dihydropyridines. These drugs are safe and effective for the treatment of humans with cardiovascular disease and may also confer neuroprotection. Here, we review the potential of L-VDCCs as a target for the treatment of CNS disorders with a focus on microglia L-VDCCs. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, have attracted recent attention for their emerging inflammatory role in several CNS diseases. Intracellular Ca2+ regulates microglia transition from a resting quiescent state to an "activated" immune-effector state and is thus a valuable target for manipulation of microglia phenotype. We will review the literature on L-VDCC expression and function in the CNS and on microglia in vitro and in vivo and explore the therapeutic landscape of L-VDCC-targeting agents at present and future challenges in the context of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, neuropsychiatric diseases, and other CNS disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Hopp
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Patricio-Martínez A, Sánchez-Zavaleta R, Angulo-Cruz I, Gutierrez-Praxedis L, Ramírez E, Martínez-García I, Limón ID. The Acute Activation of the CB1 Receptor in the Hippocampus Decreases Neurotoxicity and Prevents Spatial Memory Impairment in Rats Lesioned with β-Amyloid 25-35. Neuroscience 2019; 416:239-254. [PMID: 31400487 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Given their anti-inflammatory properties, cannabinoids have been shown to be neuroprotective agents and to reduce excitotoxicity, through the activation of the Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1r). These properties have led to CB1r being proposed as pharmacological targets for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases. Amyloid-β 25-35 (Aβ25-35) induces the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increases nitric oxide (NO●) levels. It has been observed that increased NO● concentrations trigger biochemical pathways that contribute to neuronal death and cognitive damage. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of an acute activation of CB1r on spatial memory and its impact on iNOS protein expression, NO● levels, gliosis and the neurodegenerative process induced by the injection of Aβ(25-35) into the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. ACEA [1 μM/1 μL] and Aβ(25-35) [100 μM/1 μL] and their respective vehicle groups were injected into the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. The animals were tested for spatial learning and memory in the eight-arm radial maze, with the results revealing that the administration of ACEA plus Aβ(25-35) improves learning and memory processes, in contrast with the Aβ(25-35) group. Moreover, ACEA plus Aβ(25-35) prevented both the increase in iNOS protein and NO● levels and the reactive gliosis induced by Aβ(25-35). Importantly, neurodegeneration was significantly reduced by the administration of ACEA plus Aβ(25-35) in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. The data obtained in the present research suggest that the acute early activation of CB1r is crucial for neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleidy Patricio-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Sánchez-Zavaleta
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Isael Angulo-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Liliana Gutierrez-Praxedis
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eleazar Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Isabel Martínez-García
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ilhuicamina Daniel Limón
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas-Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pardo E, Barake F, Godoy JA, Oyanadel C, Espinoza S, Metz C, Retamal C, Massardo L, Tapia-Rojas C, Inestrosa NC, Soza A, González A. GALECTIN-8 Is a Neuroprotective Factor in the Brain that Can Be Neutralized by Human Autoantibodies. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7774-7788. [PMID: 31119556 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-8 (Gal-8) is a glycan-binding protein that modulates a variety of cellular processes interacting with cell surface glycoproteins. Neutralizing anti-Gal-8 antibodies that block Gal-8 functions have been described in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, likely playing pathogenic roles. In the brain, Gal-8 is highly expressed in the choroid plexus and accordingly has been detected in human cerebrospinal fluid. It protects against central nervous system autoimmune damage through its immune-suppressive potential. Whether Gal-8 plays a direct role upon neurons remains unknown. Here, we show that Gal-8 protects hippocampal neurons in primary culture against damaging conditions such as nutrient deprivation, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress, and β-amyloid oligomers (Aβo). This protective action is manifested even after 2 h of exposure to the harmful condition. Pull-down assays demonstrate binding of Gal-8 to selected β1-integrins, including α3 and α5β1. Furthermore, Gal-8 activates β1-integrins, ERK1/2, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways that mediate neuroprotection. Hippocampal neurons in primary culture produce and secrete Gal-8, and their survival decreases upon incubation with human function-blocking Gal-8 autoantibodies obtained from lupus patients. Despite the low levels of Gal-8 expression detected by real-time PCR in hippocampus, compared with other brain regions, the complete lack of Gal-8 in Gal-8 KO mice determines higher levels of apoptosis upon H2O2 stereotaxic injection in this region. Therefore, endogenous Gal-8 likely contributes to generate a neuroprotective environment in the brain, which might be eventually counteracted by human function-blocking autoantibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Pardo
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Barake
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Godoy
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Oyanadel
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofía Espinoza
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Metz
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Retamal
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreto Massardo
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cheril Tapia-Rojas
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Healthy Brain Ageing, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Center of Excellence in Biomedicine of Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Fundación Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Polycyclic maleimide-based derivatives as first dual modulators of neuronal calcium channels and GSK-3β for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 163:394-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
10
|
Julien C, Tomberlin C, Roberts CM, Akram A, Stein GH, Silverman MA, Link CD. In vivo induction of membrane damage by β-amyloid peptide oligomers. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:131. [PMID: 30497524 PMCID: PMC6263551 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is toxic to neurons and other cell types, but the mechanism(s) involved are still unresolved. Synthetic Aβ oligomers can induce ion-permeable pores in synthetic membranes, but whether this ability to damage membranes plays a role in the ability of Aβ oligomers to induce tau hyperphosphorylation, or other disease-relevant pathological changes, is unclear. To examine the cellular responses to Aβ exposure independent of possible receptor interactions, we have developed an in vivo C. elegans model that allows us to visualize these cellular responses in living animals. We find that feeding C. elegans E. coli expressing human Aβ induces a membrane repair response similar to that induced by exposure to the CRY5B, a known pore-forming toxin produced by B. thuringensis. This repair response does not occur when C. elegans is exposed to an Aβ Gly37Leu variant, which we have previously shown to be incapable of inducing tau phosphorylation in hippocampal neurons. The repair response is also blocked by loss of calpain function, and is altered by loss-of-function mutations in the C. elegans orthologs of BIN1 and PICALM, well-established risk genes for late onset Alzheimer's disease. To investigate the role of membrane repair on tau phosphorylation directly, we exposed hippocampal neurons to streptolysin O (SLO), a pore-forming toxin that induces a well-characterized membrane repair response. We find that SLO induces tau hyperphosphorylation, which is blocked by calpain inhibition. Finally, we use a novel biarsenical dye-tagging approach to show that the Gly37Leu substitution interferes with Aβ multimerization and thus the formation of potentially pore-forming oligomers. We propose that Aβ-induced tau hyperphosphorylation may be a downstream consequence of induction of a membrane repair process.
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang JS, Jeon S, Yoon KD, Yoon SH. Cyanidin-3-glucoside inhibits amyloid β 25-35-induced neuronal cell death in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 22:689-696. [PMID: 30402029 PMCID: PMC6205939 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.6.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates changes in [Ca2+]i and oxidative stress as causative factors in amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced neuronal cell death. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a component of anthocyanin, has been reported to protect against glutamate-induced neuronal cell death by inhibiting Ca2+ and Zn2+ signaling. The present study aimed to determine whether C3G exerts a protective effect against Aβ25–35-induced neuronal cell death in cultured rat hippocampal neurons from embryonic day 17 fetal Sprague-Dawley rats using MTT assay for cell survival, and caspase-3 assay and digital imaging methods for Ca2+, Zn2+, MMP and ROS. Treatment with Aβ25–35 (20 µM) for 48 h induced neuronal cell death in cultured rat pure hippocampal neurons. Treatment with C3G for 48 h significantly increased cell survival. Pretreatment with C3G for 30 min significantly inhibited Aβ25–35-induced [Zn2+]i increases as well as [Ca2+]i increases in the cultured rat hippocampal neurons. C3G also significantly inhibited Aβ25–35-induced mitochondrial depolarization. C3G also blocked the Aβ25–35-induced formation of ROS. In addition, C3G significantly inhibited the Aβ25–35-induced activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that cyanidin-3-glucoside protects against amyloid β-induced neuronal cell death by reducing multiple apoptotic signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Seon Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Sujeong Jeon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Kee Dong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Korea
| | - Shin Hee Yoon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fu S, Zhang J, Zhang S. Knockdown of miR-429 Attenuates Aβ-Induced Neuronal Damage by Targeting SOX2 and BCL2 in Mouse Cortical Neurons. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2240-2251. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
13
|
Duarte A, Santos M, Oliveira C, Moreira P. Brain insulin signalling, glucose metabolism and females' reproductive aging: A dangerous triad in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2018; 136:223-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
14
|
Rose C, Dorard E, Audrain M, Gorisse-Hussonnois L, Cartier N, Braudeau J, Allinquant B. Transient increase in sAPPα secretion in response to Aβ1–42 oligomers: an attempt of neuronal self-defense? Neurobiol Aging 2018; 61:23-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
15
|
Wang Y, Liu L, Chen H, Cheng L, Jiang L. Influence of the epileptiform discharge microenvironment on the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Brain Res 2018; 1679:53-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
16
|
N-acetylcysteine treatment attenuates the cognitive impairment and synaptic plasticity loss induced by streptozotocin. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 272:37-46. [PMID: 28499986 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by severe neuronal and glial structural changes and progressive cognitive decline. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a well-known pharmacological agent with pro-neurogenic properties and neuroprotective effects. In this study, we evaluated NAC protective effects on cognitive impairment and associated pathological markers in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced sporadic dementia of AD type mice model. Animals were divided into six groups: I) Sham, II) NAC, III) physostigmine (PHY), IV) STZ, V) NAC + STZ and VI) PHY + NAC. NAC (5 mg/kg) and PHY (0.25 mg/kg) were administrated orally for 30 consecutive days and STZ (2.5 mg/kg) intracerebroventricularly at the first and third days. Novel object recognition (NOR, days 26-27) and Morris water maze (MWM, days 26-30) tasks were assessed to evaluate learning and memory. On the thirty-first day animals were euthanized and brains collected for biochemical analysis. Interestingly, our results showed that STZ treatment induced cognitive impairment in mice in the NOR and MWM tasks. Both NAC and PHY treatments prevented from this impairment. The increase in AChE activity and decrease in pTrkB and MnSOD levels caused by STZ in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, were prevented by the NAC and PHY treatments. The decrease in SYN, MAP2 and GFAP expressions were also prevented by NAC and PHY treatments. In conclusion, NAC treatment prevented the cognitive impairment induced by STZ, normalizing the AChE activity and rescuing the synaptic plasticity loss. Our results suggest that NAC is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Bussiere R, Lacampagne A, Reiken S, Liu X, Scheuerman V, Zalk R, Martin C, Checler F, Marks AR, Chami M. Amyloid β production is regulated by β2-adrenergic signaling-mediated post-translational modifications of the ryanodine receptor. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10153-10168. [PMID: 28476886 PMCID: PMC5473221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated calcium (Ca2+) signaling has been reported in Alzheimer disease (AD) models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying altered RyR-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release in AD remain to be fully elucidated. We report here that RyR2 undergoes post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, oxidation, and nitrosylation) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells expressing the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) harboring the familial double Swedish mutations (APPswe). RyR2 macromolecular complex remodeling, characterized by depletion of the regulatory protein calstabin2, resulted in increased cytosolic Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial oxidative stress. We also report a functional interplay between amyloid β (Aβ), β-adrenergic signaling, and altered Ca2+ signaling via leaky RyR2 channels. Thus, post-translational modifications of RyR occur downstream of Aβ through a β2-adrenergic signaling cascade that activates PKA. RyR2 remodeling in turn enhances βAPP processing. Importantly, pharmacological stabilization of the binding of calstabin2 to RyR2 channels, which prevents Ca2+ leakage, or blocking the β2-adrenergic signaling cascade reduced βAPP processing and the production of Aβ in APPswe-expressing SH-SY5Y cells. We conclude that targeting RyR-mediated Ca2+ leakage may be a therapeutic approach to treat AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Bussiere
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Steven Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Valerie Scheuerman
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Ran Zalk
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Cécile Martin
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Frederic Checler
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Mounia Chami
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Evangelisti E, Cascella R, Becatti M, Marrazza G, Dobson CM, Chiti F, Stefani M, Cecchi C. Binding affinity of amyloid oligomers to cellular membranes is a generic indicator of cellular dysfunction in protein misfolding diseases. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32721. [PMID: 27619987 PMCID: PMC5020652 DOI: 10.1038/srep32721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of peptides or proteins from their soluble native states into intractable amyloid deposits is associated with a wide range of human disorders. Misfolded protein oligomers formed during the process of aggregation have been identified as the primary pathogenic agents in many such conditions. Here, we show the existence of a quantitative relationship between the degree of binding to neuronal cells of different types of oligomers formed from a model protein, HypF-N, and the GM1 content of the plasma membranes. In addition, remarkably similar behavior is observed for oligomers of the Aβ42 peptide associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Further analysis has revealed the existence of a linear correlation between the level of the influx of Ca2+ across neuronal membranes that triggers cellular damage, and the fraction of oligomeric species bound to the membrane. Our findings indicate that the susceptibility of neuronal cells to different types of misfolded oligomeric assemblies is directly related to the extent of binding of such oligomers to the cellular membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Evangelisti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrazza
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, UK
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio" and Research Centre on the Molecular Basis of Neurodegeneration (CIMN), University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Villemagne VL, Chételat G. Neuroimaging biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 30:4-16. [PMID: 26827785 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo imaging of β-amyloid (Aβ) has transformed the assessment of Aβ pathology and its changes over time, extending our insight into Aβ deposition in the brain by providing highly accurate, reliable, and reproducible quantitative statements of regional or global Aβ burden in the brain. This knowledge is essential for therapeutic trial recruitment and for the evaluation of anti-Aβ treatments. Although cross sectional evaluation of Aβ burden does not strongly correlate with cognitive impairment, it does correlate with cognitive (especially memory) decline and with a higher risk for conversion to AD in the aging population and MCI subjects. This suggests that Aβ deposition is a protracted pathological process starting well before the onset of symptoms. Longitudinal observations, coupled with different disease-specific biomarkers to assess potential downstream effects of Aβ are required to confirm this hypothesis and further elucidate the role of Aβ deposition in the course of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Centre for PET, Austin Health, Victoria 3084, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Victoria 3084, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria 3052, Australia; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unité, 1077 Caen, France.
| | - Gaël Chételat
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria 3052, Australia; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unité, 1077 Caen, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), S1077 Caen, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, 14000 Caen, France; Unité 1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, 14000 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lajarín-Cuesta R, Nanclares C, Arranz-Tagarro JA, González-Lafuente L, Arribas RL, Araujo de Brito M, Gandía L, de Los Ríos C. Gramine Derivatives Targeting Ca(2+) Channels and Ser/Thr Phosphatases: A New Dual Strategy for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6265-80. [PMID: 27280380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of gramine derivatives and their pharmacological evaluation as multipotent drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. An innovative multitarget approach is presented, targeting both voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, classically studied for neurodegenerative diseases, and Ser/Thr phosphatases, which have been marginally aimed, even despite their key role in protein τ dephosphorylation. Twenty-five compounds were synthesized, and mostly their neuroprotective profile exceeded that offered by the head compound gramine. In general, these compounds reduced the entry of Ca(2+) through VGCC, as measured by Fluo-4/AM and patch clamp techniques, and protected in Ca(2+) overload-induced models of neurotoxicity, like glutamate or veratridine exposures. Furthermore, we hypothesize that these compounds decrease τ hyperphosphorylation based on the maintenance of the Ser/Thr phosphatase activity and their neuroprotection against the damage caused by okadaic acid. Hence, we propose this multitarget approach as a new and promising strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Lajarín-Cuesta
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Nanclares
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Alberto Arranz-Tagarro
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Lafuente
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa , C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel L Arribas
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Monique Araujo de Brito
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos Para a Saúde, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Luis Gandía
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristóbal de Los Ríos
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa , C/Diego de León, 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Antipova TA, Nikolaev SV, Ostrovskaya PU, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. Dipeptide Piracetam Analogue Noopept Improves Viability of Hippocampal HT-22 Neurons in the Glutamate Toxicity Model. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 161:58-60. [PMID: 27265136 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Effect of noopept (N-phenylacetyl-prolylglycine ethyl ester) on viability of neurons exposed to neurotoxic action of glutamic acid (5 mM) was studied in vitro in immortalized mouse hippocampal HT-22 neurons. Noopept added to the medium before or after glutamic acid improved neuronal survival in a concentration range of 10-11-10-5 M. Comparison of the effective noopept concentrations determined in previous studies on cultured cortical and cerebellar neurons showed that hippocampal neurons are more sensitive to the protective effect of noopept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T A Antipova
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Nikolaev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P U Ostrovskaya
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Gudasheva
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Treatment with the neurotoxic Aβ (25-35) peptide modulates the expression of neuroprotective factors Pin1, Sirtuin 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:271-6. [PMID: 26915812 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The deposition of Amyloid β peptide plaques is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Aβ (25-35) peptide is regarded as the toxic fragment of full-length Aβ (1-42). The mechanism of its toxicity is not completely understood, along with its contribution to AD pathological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the neurotoxic Aβ (25-35) peptide on the expression of the neuroprotective factors Pin1, Sirtuin1, and Bdnf in human neuroblastoma cells. Levels of Pin1, Sirtuin 1, and Bdnf were compared by real-time PCR and Western blotting in SH-SY5Y cells treated with Aβ (25-35) or administration vehicle. The level of Pin1 gene and protein expression was significantly decreased in cells exposed to 25 μM Aβ (25-35) compared to vehicle-treated controls. Similarly, Sirtuin1 expression was significantly reduced by Aβ (25-35) exposure. In contrast, both Bdnf mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased by Aβ (25-35) treatment, suggesting the activation of a compensatory response to the insult. Both Pin1 and Sirtuin 1 exert a protective role by reducing the probability of plaque deposition, since they promote amyloid precursor protein processing through non-amyloidogenic pathways. The present results show that Aβ (25-35) peptide reduced the production of these neuroprotective proteins, thus further increasing Aβ generation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Aβ25-35 Suppresses Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Primary Hippocampal Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:83-91. [PMID: 26055049 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial content, morphology, and function. Impaired mitochondrial biogenesis has been observed in Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid-β (Aβ) has been shown to cause mitochondrial dysfunction in cultured neurons, but its role in mitochondrial biogenesis in neurons remains poorly defined. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) are key energy-sensing molecules regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, is a target for SIRT1 deacetylase activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of Aβ25-35 on mitochondrial biogenesis in cultured hippocampal neurons and the underlying mechanisms. In primary hippocampal neurons, we found that 24-h incubation with Aβ25-35 suppressed both phosphorylations of AMPK and SIRT1 expression and increased PGC-1α acetylation expression. In addition, Aβ25-35 also resulted in a decrease in mitochondrial DNA copy number, as well as decreases in the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors (PGC-1α, NRF 1, NRF 2, and Tfam). Taken together, these data show that Aβ25-35 suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis in hippocampal neurons. Aβ25-35-induced impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis may be associated with the inhibition of the AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ko SY, Lee HE, Park SJ, Jeon SJ, Kim B, Gao Q, Jang DS, Ryu JH. Spinosin, a C-Glucosylflavone, from Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa Ameliorates Aβ1-42 Oligomer-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:156-64. [PMID: 25767684 PMCID: PMC4354317 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive memory loss and neuronal cell death. Although numerous previous studies have been focused on disease progression or reverse pathological symptoms, therapeutic strategies for AD are limited. Alternatively, the identification of traditional herbal medicines or their active compounds has received much attention. The aims of the present study were to characterize the ameliorating effects of spinosin, a C-glucosylflavone isolated from Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa, on memory impairment or the pathological changes induced through amyloid-β1–42 oligomer (AβO) in mice. Memory impairment was induced by intracerebroventricular injection of AβO (50 μM) and spinosin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was administered for 7 days. In the behavioral tasks, the subchronic administration of spinosin (20 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly ameliorated AβO-induced cognitive impairment in the passive avoidance task or the Y-maze task. To identify the effects of spinosin on the pathological changes induced through AβO, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses were performed. Spinosin treatment also reduced the number of activated microglia and astrocytes observed after AβO injection. In addition, spinosin rescued the AβO-induced decrease in choline acetyltransferase expression levels. These results suggest that spinosin ameliorated memory impairment induced through AβO, and these effects were regulated, in part, through neuroprotective activity via the anti-inflammatory effects of spinosin. Therefore, spinosin might be a useful agent against the amyloid b protein-induced cognitive dysfunction observed in AD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yoon Ko
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Boseong Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingtao Gao
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Pharmaceutical science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea ; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wu MN, Zhou LW, Wang ZJ, Han WN, Zhang J, Liu XJ, Tong JQ, Qi JS. Colivelin ameliorates amyloid β peptide-induced impairments in spatial memory, synaptic plasticity, and calcium homeostasis in rats. Hippocampus 2014; 25:363-72. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Na Wu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Li-Wei Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Wei-Na Han
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Xiao-Jie Liu
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Jia-Qing Tong
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| | - Jin-Shun Qi
- Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology; Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nava-Mesa MO, Jiménez-Díaz L, Yajeya J, Navarro-Lopez JD. GABAergic neurotransmission and new strategies of neuromodulation to compensate synaptic dysfunction in early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:167. [PMID: 24987334 PMCID: PMC4070063 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline, brain atrophy due to neuronal and synapse loss, and formation of two pathological lesions: extracellular amyloid plaques, composed largely of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ), and neurofibrillary tangles formed by intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Lesions mainly accumulate in brain regions that modulate cognitive functions such as the hippocampus, septum or amygdala. These brain structures have dense reciprocal glutamatergic, cholinergic, and GABAergic connections and their relationships directly affect learning and memory processes, so they have been proposed as highly susceptible regions to suffer damage by Aβ during AD course. Last findings support the emerging concept that soluble Aβ peptides, inducing an initial stage of synaptic dysfunction which probably starts 20–30 years before the clinical onset of AD, can perturb the excitatory–inhibitory balance of neural circuitries. In turn, neurotransmission imbalance will result in altered network activity that might be responsible of cognitive deficits in AD. Therefore, Aβ interactions on neurotransmission systems in memory-related brain regions such as amygdaloid complex, medial septum or hippocampus are critical in cognitive functions and appear as a pivotal target for drug design to improve learning and dysfunctions that manifest with age. Since treatments based on glutamatergic and cholinergic pharmacology in AD have shown limited success, therapies combining modulators of different neurotransmission systems including recent findings regarding the GABAergic system, emerge as a more useful tool for the treatment, and overall prevention, of this dementia. In this review, focused on inhibitory systems, we will analyze pharmacological strategies to compensate neurotransmission imbalance that might be considered as potential therapeutic interventions in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Jiménez-Díaz
- Neurophysiology and Behavior Lab, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Yajeya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan D Navarro-Lopez
- Neurophysiology and Behavior Lab, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jiang T, Yu JT, Zhu XC, Tan MS, Wang HF, Cao L, Zhang QQ, Shi JQ, Gao L, Qin H, Zhang YD, Tan L. Temsirolimus promotes autophagic clearance of amyloid-β and provides protective effects in cellular and animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2014; 81:54-63. [PMID: 24602800 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) within brain is a major pathogenic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy, an important intracellular catabolic process, is involved in Aβ clearance. Here, we investigated whether temsirolimus, a newly developed compound approved by Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency for renal cell carcinoma treatment, would promote autophagic clearance of Aβ and thus provide protective effects in cellular and animal models of AD. HEK293 cells expressing the Swedish mutant of APP695 (HEK293-APP695) were treated with vehicle or 100nM temsirolimus for 24h in the presence or absence of 3-methyladenine (5mM) or Atg5-siRNA, and intracellular Aβ levels as well as autophagy biomarkers were measured. Meanwhile, APP/PS1 mice received intraperitoneal injection of temsirolimus (20mg/kg) every 2 days for 60 days, and brain Aβ burden, autophagy biomarkers, cellular apoptosis in hippocampus, and spatial cognitive functions were assessed. Our results showed that temsirolimus enhanced Aβ clearance in HEK293-APP695 cells and in brain of APP/PS1 mice in an autophagy-dependent manner. Meanwhile, temsirolimus attenuated cellular apoptosis in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice, which was accompanied by an improvement in spatial learning and memory abilities. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that temsirolimus promotes autophagic Aβ clearance and exerts protective effects in cellular and animal models of AD, suggesting that temsirolimus administration may represent a new therapeutic strategy for AD treatment. Meanwhile, these findings emphasize the notion that many therapeutic agents possess pleiotropic actions aside from their main applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, China.
| | - Xi-Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Meng-Shan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qiao-Quan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Jian-Quan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Hao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ying-Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhan LB, Niu XP, Sui H, Gong XY. Protective effect of spleen-yin-nourishing recipe on amyloid beta-peptide-induced damage of primarily cultured rat hippocampal neurons and its mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 7:242-8. [PMID: 19284954 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20090309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the relationship among amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta)-induced neurotoxicity, serum-inducible kinase (SNK)-spine-associated Rap guanosine triphosphatase activating protein (SPAR) pathway and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and to explore the mechanism of the protective effect of spleen-yin nourishing recipe (Zibu Piyin Recipe, ZBPYR) in hippocampal neurons against Abeta-induced neurotoxicity. METHODS The Abeta(1-40) powder was dissolved in 1 x PBS and incubated at 37 degrees centigrade, and then aggregated fibrillar Abeta(1-40) was obtained 72 h later. We used rat primary hippocampal neurons as cell model. ZBPYR-containing serum was gained by the method of serum pharmacology. ZBPYR-containing serum was added to the culture 1 h before Abeta(1-40) (5 micromol/L) exposure. Cells were harvested 2 h after Abeta(1-40) exposure for total RNA extracting. Then the mRNA expression levels of SNK, SPAR and NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS After 2-hour Abeta(1-40) exposure, we found that the expression level of SNK mRNA was up-regulated and the expression levels of SPAR, NR1, NR2A and NR2B mRNAs were down-regulated in hippocampal neurons as compared with control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). While with ZBPYR-containing serum pretreatment, the expression level of SNK mRNA was down-regulated and the levels of SPAR, NR1, NR2A and NR2B were up-regulated as compared with Abeta(1-40) exposure, and 2% ZBPYR-containing serum showed the best effect (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Abeta-induced neurotoxicity was related to SNK-SPAR pathway and NMDAR; ZBPYR-containing serum can protect neurons from Abeta-induced neurotoxicity, and this protective effect may be performed by regulating the expression of NMDAR and blocking of the SNK-SPAR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-bin Zhan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Membrane lipid modifications and therapeutic effects mediated by hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid on Alzheimer's disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:1680-92. [PMID: 24374316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology with relevant unmet therapeutic needs. Both natural aging and AD have been associated with a significant decline in the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and accordingly, administration of DHA has been proposed as a possible treatment for this pathology. However, recent clinical trials in mild-to-moderately affected patients have been inconclusive regarding the real efficacy of DHA in halting this disease. Here, we show that the novel hydroxyl-derivative of DHA (2-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid - OHDHA) has a strong therapeutic potential to treat AD. We demonstrate that OHDHA administration increases DHA levels in the brain of a transgenic mouse model of AD (5xFAD), as well as those of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) species that carry long polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In 5xFAD mice, administration of OHDHA induced lipid modifications that were paralleled with a reduction in amyloid-β (Αβ) accumulation and full recovery of cognitive scores. OHDHA administration also reduced Aβ levels in cellular models of AD, in association with alterations in the subcellular distribution of secretases and reduced Aβ-induced tau protein phosphorylation as well. Furthermore, OHDHA enhanced the survival of neuron-like differentiated cells exposed to different insults, such as oligomeric Aβ and NMDA-mediated neurotoxicity. These results were supported by model membrane studies in which incorporation of OHDHA into lipid-raft-like vesicles was shown to reduce the binding affinity of oligomeric and fibrillar Aβ to membranes. Finally, the OHDHA concentrations used here did not produce relevant toxicity in zebrafish embryos in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrate the pleitropic effects of OHDHA that might prove beneficial to treat AD, which suggests that an upstream event, probably the modulation of the membrane lipid composition and structure, influences cellular homeostasis reversing the neurodegenerative process. This Article is Part of a Special Issue Entitled: Membrane Structure and Function: Relevance in the Cell's Physiology, Pathology and Therapy.
Collapse
|
30
|
Different ataxin-3 amyloid aggregates induce intracellular Ca(2+) deregulation by different mechanisms in cerebellar granule cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:3155-3165. [PMID: 24035922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at elucidating the relation between morphological and physicochemical properties of different ataxin-3 (ATX3) aggregates and their cytotoxicity. We investigated a non-pathological ATX3 form (ATX3Q24), a pathological expanded form (ATX3Q55), and an ATX3 variant truncated at residue 291 lacking the polyQ expansion (ATX3/291Δ). Solubility, morphology and hydrophobic exposure of oligomeric aggregates were characterized. Then we monitored the changes in the intracellular Ca(2+) levels and the abnormal Ca(2+) signaling resulting from aggregate interaction with cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. ATX3Q55, ATX3/291Δ and, to a lesser extent, ATX3Q24 oligomers displayed similar morphological and physicochemical features and induced qualitatively comparable time-dependent intracellular Ca(2+) responses. However, only the pre-fibrillar aggregates of expanded ATX3 (the only variant which forms bundles of mature fibrils) triggered a characteristic Ca(2+) response at a later stage that correlated with a larger hydrophobic exposure relative to the two other variants. Cell interaction with early oligomers involved glutamatergic receptors, voltage-gated channels and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1)-rich membrane domains, whereas cell interaction with more aged ATX3Q55 pre-fibrillar aggregates resulted in membrane disassembly by a mechanism involving only GM1-rich areas. Exposure to ATX3Q55 and ATX3/291Δ aggregates resulted in cell apoptosis, while ATX3Q24 was substantially innocuous. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of ATX3 aggregation, aggregate cytotoxicity and calcium level modifications in exposed cerebellar cells.
Collapse
|
31
|
Martins I, Gomes S, Costa R, Otvos L, Oliveira C, Resende R, Pereira C. Leptin and ghrelin prevent hippocampal dysfunction induced by Aβ oligomers. Neuroscience 2013; 241:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
32
|
Acetyl-CoA the key factor for survival or death of cholinergic neurons in course of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:1523-42. [PMID: 23677775 PMCID: PMC3691476 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-derived pyruvate is a principal source of acetyl-CoA in all brain cells, through pyruvate dehydogenase complex (PDHC) reaction. Cholinergic neurons like neurons of other transmitter systems and glial cells, utilize acetyl-CoA for energy production in mitochondria and diverse synthetic pathways in their extramitochondrial compartments. However, cholinergic neurons require additional amounts of acetyl-CoA for acetylcholine synthesis in their cytoplasmic compartment to maintain their transmitter functions. Characteristic feature of several neurodegenerating diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and thiamine diphosphate deficiency encephalopathy is the decrease of PDHC activity correlating with cholinergic deficits and losses of cognitive functions. Such conditions generate acetyl-CoA deficits that are deeper in cholinergic neurons than in noncholinergic neuronal and glial cells, due to its additional consumption in the transmitter synthesis. Therefore, any neuropathologic conditions are likely to be more harmful for the cholinergic neurons than for noncholinergic ones. For this reason attempts preserving proper supply of acetyl-CoA in the diseased brain, should attenuate high susceptibility of cholinergic neurons to diverse neurodegenerative conditions. This review describes how common neurodegenerative signals could induce deficts in cholinergic neurotransmission through suppression of acetyl-CoA metabolism in the cholinergic neurons.
Collapse
|
33
|
Effect of α-synuclein on amyloid β-induced toxicity: relevance to Lewy body variant of Alzheimer disease. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:797-806. [PMID: 23389658 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-0982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Revised: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by the presence of extracellular senile plaques composed of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. More than 50 % of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients also exhibit abundant accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn)-positive Lewy bodies. This Lewy body variant of AD (LBV-AD) is associated with accelerated cognitive dysfunction and progresses more rapidly than pure AD. In addition, it has been suggested that Aβ and α-Syn can directly interact. In this study we investigated the effect of α-Syn on Aβ-induced toxicity in cortical neurons. In order to mimic the intracellular accumulation of α-Syn observed in the brain of LBV-AD patients, we used valproic acid (VPA) to increase its endogenous expression levels. The release of α-Syn from damaged presynaptic terminals that occurs during the course of the disease was simulated by challenging cells with recombinant α-Syn. Our results showed that either VPA-induced α-Syn upregulation or addition of recombinant α-Syn protect primary cortical neurons from soluble Aβ1-42 decreasing the caspase-3-mediated cell death. It was also found that neuroprotection against Aβ-induced toxicity mediated by α-Syn overexpression involves the PI3K/Akt cell survival pathway. Furthermore, recombinant α-Syn was shown to directly interact with Aβ1-42 and to decrease the levels of Aβ1-42 oligomers, which might explain its neuroprotective effect. In conclusion, we demonstrate that either endogenous or exogenous α-Syn can be neuroprotective against Aβ-induced cell death, suggesting a cell defence mechanism during the initial stages of the mixed pathology.
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang XH, Yang W, Hölscher C, Wang ZJ, Cai HY, Li QS, Qi JS. Val8-GLP-1 remodels synaptic activity and intracellular calcium homeostasis impaired by amyloid β peptide in rats. J Neurosci Res 2013; 91:568-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
35
|
Simões AP, Duarte JA, Agasse F, Canas PM, Tomé AR, Agostinho P, Cunha RA. Blockade of adenosine A2A receptors prevents interleukin-1β-induced exacerbation of neuronal toxicity through a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2012; 9:204. [PMID: 22901528 PMCID: PMC3439355 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Blockade of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) affords robust neuroprotection in a number of brain conditions, although the mechanisms are still unknown. A likely candidate mechanism for this neuroprotection is the control of neuroinflammation, which contributes to the amplification of neurodegeneration, mainly through the abnormal release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin(IL)-1β. We investigated whether A2AR controls the signaling of IL-1β and its deleterious effects in cultured hippocampal neurons. Methods Hippocampal neuronal cultures were treated with IL-1β and/or glutamate in the presence or absence of the selective A2AR antagonist, SCH58261 (50 nmol/l). The effect of SCH58261 on the IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 was evaluated by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The effect of SCH58261 on glutamate-induced neurodegeneration in the presence or absence of IL-1β was evaluated by nucleic acid and by propidium iodide staining, and by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Finally, the effect of A2AR blockade on glutamate-induced intracellular calcium, in the presence or absence of IL-1β, was studied using single-cell calcium imaging. Results IL-1β (10 to 100 ng/ml) enhanced both JNK and p38 phosphorylation, and these effects were prevented by the IL-1 type 1 receptor antagonist IL-1Ra (5 μg/ml), in accordance with the neuronal localization of IL-1 type 1 receptors, including pre-synaptically and post-synaptically. At 100 ng/ml, IL-1β failed to affect neuronal viability but exacerbated the neurotoxicity induced by treatment with 100 μmol/l glutamate for 25 minutes (evaluated after 24 hours). It is likely that this resulted from the ability of IL-1β to enhance glutamate-induced calcium entry and late calcium deregulation, both of which were unaffected by IL-1β alone. The selective A2AR antagonist, SCH58261 (50 nmol/l), prevented both the IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of JNK and p38, as well as the IL-1β-induced deregulation of calcium and the consequent enhanced neurotoxicity, whereas it had no effect on glutamate actions. Conclusions These results prompt the hypothesis that the neuroprotection afforded by A2AR blockade might result from this particular ability of A2AR to control IL-1β-induced exacerbation of excitotoxic neuronal damage, through the control of MAPK activation and late calcium deregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Simões
- Center for Neurosciences of Coimbra, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
González-Lafuente L, Egea J, León R, Martínez-Sanz FJ, Monjas L, Perez C, Merino C, García-De Diego AM, Rodríguez-Franco MI, García AG, Villarroya M, López MG, de los Ríos C. Benzothiazepine CGP37157 and its isosteric 2'-methyl analogue provide neuroprotection and block cell calcium entry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012; 3:519-29. [PMID: 22860221 DOI: 10.1021/cn300009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzothiazepine CGP37157 is widely used as tool to explore the role of mitochondria in cell Ca(2+) handling, by its blocking effect of the mitochondria Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger. Recently, CGP37157 has shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties. In the trend to improve its neuroprotection profile, we have synthesized ITH12505, an isosteric analogue having a methyl instead of chlorine at C2' of the phenyl ring. ITH12505 has exerted neuroprotective properties similar to CGP37157 in chromaffin cells and hippocampal slices stressed with veratridine. Also, both compounds afforded neuroprotection in hippocampal slices stressed with glutamate. However, while ITH12505 elicited protection in SH-SY5Y cells stressed with oligomycin A/rotenone, CGP37157 was ineffective. In hippocampal slices subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation plus reoxygenation, ITH12505 offered protection at 3-30 μM, while CGP37157 only protected at 30 μM. Both compounds caused blockade of Ca(2+) channels in high K(+)-depolarized SH-SY5Y cells. An in vitro experiment for assaying central nervous system penetration (PAMPA-BBB; parallel artificial membrane permeability assay for blood-brain barrier) revealed that both compounds could cross the blood-brain barrier, thus reaching their biological targets in the central nervous system. In conclusion, by causing a mild isosteric replacement in the benzothiazepine CGP37157, we have obtained ITH12505, with improved neuroprotective properties. These findings may inspire the design and synthesis of new benzothiazepines targeting mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels, having antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura González-Lafuente
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Martínez-Sanz
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Monjas
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Perez
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Merino
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio M. García-De Diego
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María I. Rodríguez-Franco
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G. García
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Villarroya
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G. López
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario La Paz-IDIPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristóbal de los Ríos
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bagheri M, Roghani M, Joghataei MT, Mohseni S. Genistein inhibits aggregation of exogenous amyloid-beta1–40 and alleviates astrogliosis in the hippocampus of rats. Brain Res 2012; 1429:145-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
38
|
Liu P, Jing Y, Collie ND, Campbell SA, Zhang H. Pre-aggregated Aβ25–35 alters arginine metabolism in the rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2011; 193:269-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
39
|
Fuentealba J, Dibarrart AJ, Fuentes-Fuentes MC, Saez-Orellana F, Quiñones K, Guzmán L, Perez C, Becerra J, Aguayo LG. Synaptic failure and adenosine triphosphate imbalance induced by amyloid-β aggregates are prevented by blueberry-enriched polyphenols extract. J Neurosci Res 2011; 89:1499-508. [PMID: 21647937 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The potential neuroprotective properties of fruits have been widely recognized. In this study, we evaluated the protective properties of a blueberry extract (BB-4), rich in polyphenols, in a neurodegenerative model induced by amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). Chronic treatment with Aβ drastically reduced synaptic transmission and the extent of secretory vesicles, which were recovered partially with BB-4. Also, the extract recovered Ca(2+) transients in hippocampal neurons preincubated with Aβ (0.5 and 5 μM) by about 25% ± 3% and 30% ± 2, respectively. In this work, we demonstrate a novel effect of the BB-4 extract on Aβ-induced ATP leakage, in which this extract was able to antagonize the acute ATP leakage but not chronic ATP depletion. On the other hand, BB-4 prevented the uncoupling of mitochondrial function induced by FCCP by about 85%, but it was unable to modify the uncoupling induced by Aβ. The present results strongly indicate that BB-4 plays a role in the process of Aβ aggregation by reducing the toxic species (i.e., 40 kDa). These findings suggest that a blueberry extract can protect neuronal tissue from Aβ toxicity mainly through its antiaggregation property, and its antioxidant properties and mitochondrial membrane potential capacities are secondary mechanisms important in chronic stages. Our work suggests that BB-4 could be an important nutritional complement to neuronal health as well as a potential nutraceutical formulation useful as a dietary supplement in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Fuentealba
- Neuroactive Drugs Screening Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepcion, Chile.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Saxena G, Patro IK, Nath C. ICV STZ induced impairment in memory and neuronal mitochondrial function: A protective role of nicotinic receptor. Behav Brain Res 2011; 224:50-7. [PMID: 21620901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was planned to evaluate the cholinergic influence on mitochondrial activity and neurodegeneration associated with impaired memory in intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) treated rats. STZ (3mg/kg), administered ICV twice with an interval of 48h between the two doses, showed significant impairment in spatial memory tested by water maze test 14 days after first dose without altering blood glucose level and locomotor activity. Animals were sacrificed on 21st day of ICV administration. STZ significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca(2+) ion influx, caspase-3 activity and decreased glutathione (GSH) level. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors tacrine and donepezil (5mg/kg, PO) pretreatment significantly prevented STZ induced memory deficit, oxidative stress, Ca(2+) influx and caspase-3 activity. Carbachol, a muscarinic cholinergic agonist (0.01mg/kg, SC) did not show any significant effect on ROS generation, Ca(2+) ion influx and caspase-3 activity. While nicotinic cholinergic agonist, nicotine, significantly attenuated ICV STZ induced mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-3 activity. The results indicate that instead of muscarinic receptors nicotinic receptors may be involved in neuroprotection by maintaining mitochondrial functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Saxena
- Division of Pharmacology, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR), Lucknow 226001, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lopes JP, Agostinho P. Cdk5: multitasking between physiological and pathological conditions. Prog Neurobiol 2011; 94:49-63. [PMID: 21473899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a peculiar proline-directed serine/threonine kinase. Unlike the other members of the Cdk family, Cdk5 is not directly involved in cell cycle regulation, being normally associated with neuronal processes such as migration, cortical layering and synaptic plasticity. This kinase is present mainly in post-mitotic neurons and its activity is tightly regulated by the interaction with the specific activators, p35 and p39. Despite its pivotal role in CNS development, Cdk5 dysregulation has been implicated in different pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and, most recently, prion-related encephalopathies (PRE). In these neurodegenerative conditions, Cdk5 overactivation and relocalization occurs upon association with p25, a truncated form of the normal activator p35. This activator switching will cause a shift in the phosphorylative pattern of Cdk5, with an alteration both in targets and activity, ultimately leading to neuronal demise. In AD and PRE, two disorders that share clinical and neuropathological features, Cdk5 dysregulation is a linking event between the major neuropathological markers: amyloid plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic and neuronal loss. Moreover, this kinase was shown to be involved in abortive cell cycle re-entry, a feature recently proposed as a possible step in the neuronal apoptosis mechanism of several neurological diseases. This review focuses on the role of Cdk5 in neurons, namely in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, synaptic function and cell survival, both in physiological and in pathological conditions, highlighting the relevance of Cdk5 in the main mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and other brain pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joao P Lopes
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Institute, University of Coimbra, 3004 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Effects of transmitters and amyloid-beta peptide on calcium signals in rat cortical astrocytes: Fura-2AM measurements and stochastic model simulations. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17914. [PMID: 21483471 PMCID: PMC3066169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To better understand the complex molecular level interactions seen in the
pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, the results of the wet-lab and
clinical studies can be complemented by mathematical models. Astrocytes are
known to become reactive in Alzheimer's disease and their ionic
equilibrium can be disturbed by interaction of the released and accumulated
transmitters, such as serotonin, and peptides, including
amyloid- peptides
(A). We have here studied the effects of small amounts
of A25–35 fragments on the transmitter-induced
calcium signals in astrocytes by Fura-2AM fluorescence measurements and
running simulations of the detected calcium signals. Methodology/Principal Findings Intracellular calcium signals were measured in cultured rat cortical
astrocytes following additions of serotonin and glutamate, or either of
these transmitters together with A25–35.
A25–35 increased the number of astrocytes
responding to glutamate and exceedingly increased the magnitude of the
serotonin-induced calcium signals. In addition to
A25–35-induced effects, the contribution of
intracellular calcium stores to calcium signaling was tested. When using
higher stimulus frequency, the subsequent calcium peaks after the initial
peak were of lower amplitude. This may indicate inadequate filling of the
intracellular calcium stores between the stimuli. In order to reproduce the
experimental findings, a stochastic computational model was introduced. The
model takes into account the major mechanisms known to be involved in
calcium signaling in astrocytes. Model simulations confirm the principal
experimental findings and show the variability typical for experimental
measurements. Conclusions/Significance Nanomolar A25–35 alone does not cause persistent change in
the basal level of calcium in astrocytes. However, even small amounts of
A25–35, together with transmitters, can have
substantial synergistic effects on intracellular calcium signals.
Computational modeling further helps in understanding the mechanisms
associated with intracellular calcium oscillations. Modeling the mechanisms
is important, as astrocytes have an essential role in regulating the
neuronal microenvironment of the central nervous system.
Collapse
|
43
|
Shih PH, Wu CH, Yeh CT, Yen GC. Protective effects of anthocyanins against amyloid β-peptide-induced damage in neuro-2A cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:1683-1689. [PMID: 21302893 DOI: 10.1021/jf103822h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is neuropathologically characterized by amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposition, resulting in neurotoxicity. Herein, we focused on the prevention of anthocyanins from amyloid-mediated neurodysfunction. The data demonstrated that combined exposure of Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(25-35) to Neuro-2A cells resulted in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and perturbation of calcium homeostasis. The expressions of LXRα, ApoE, ABCA1, and seladin-1 genes were significantly down-regulated upon Aβ challenge. β-Secretase, the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes amyloid precursor protein transform to Aβ, was up-regulated by Aβ treatment. For the duration of Aβ stimulation, malvidin (Mal) or oenin (Oen; malvidin-3-O-glucoside) was added, and the protective effects were observed. Mal and Oen showed protective effects against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity through blocking ROS formation, preserving Ca(2+) homeostasis, and preventing Aβ-mediated perturbation of certain genes involved in Aβ metabolism and cellular defense. The present study implicates anthocyanin as a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention of amyloid-mediated neurodysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsiao Shih
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hao LN, Zhang QZ, Yu TG, Cheng YN, Ji SL. Antagonistic effects of ultra-low-molecular-weight heparin on Aβ25–35-induced apoptosis in cultured rat cortical neurons. Brain Res 2011; 1368:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
45
|
Nicholson AM, Methner DNR, Ferreira A. Membrane cholesterol modulates {beta}-amyloid-dependent tau cleavage by inducing changes in the membrane content and localization of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:976-86. [PMID: 21047784 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.154138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that β-amyloid (Aβ) treatment resulted in an age-dependent calpain activation leading to Tau cleavage into a neurotoxic 17-kDa fragment in a cellular model of Alzheimer disease. This detrimental cellular response was mediated by a developmentally regulated increase in membrane cholesterol levels. In this study, we assessed the molecular mechanisms by which cholesterol modulated Aβ-induced Tau cleavage in cultured hippocampal neurons. Our results indicated that these mechanisms did not involve the regulation of the binding of Aβ aggregates to the plasma membrane. On the other hand, experiments using N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor inhibitors suggested that these receptors played an essential role in cholesterol-mediated Aβ-dependent calpain activity and 17-kDa Tau production. Biochemical and immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated that decreasing membrane cholesterol levels in mature neurons resulted in a significant reduction of the NR1 subunit at the membrane as well as an increase in the number of large NR1, NR2A, and NR2B subunit clusters. Moreover, the majority of these larger N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor subunit immunoreactive spots was not juxtaposed to presynaptic sites in cholesterol-reduced neurons. These data suggested that changes at the synaptic level underlie the mechanism by which membrane cholesterol modulates developmental changes in the susceptibility of hippocampal neurons to Aβ-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Nicholson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang D, Liu P, Yang Y, Shen L. Formation of a combined Ca/Cd toxicity on lifespan of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:1221-1230. [PMID: 20580433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the possible formation of combined toxicity from Ca/Cd exposure on nematode lifespan. Ca exposure at concentrations more than 1.56 mM significantly reduced lifespan, accelerated aging-related declines, and induced severe stress response in wild-type nematodes. Combined Ca (25 mM)/Cd (200 microM) exposure decreased the lifespans compared to Cd (200 microM) exposure; whereas no lifespan differences were found between Ca (1.56 mM)/Cd (200 microM) exposure and Cd (200 microM) exposure. Combined Ca (25 mM)/Cd (200 microM) exposure caused a more significant induction of hsp-16.2::gfp expression, and a more severe increase in oxidative damage than Cd (200 microM) exposure. Moreover, mutation of mev-1, encoding a subunit of succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b, enhanced the combined Ca/Cd toxicity on lifespan. Furthermore, mutation of daf-16, encoding a fork-head-family transcription factor, enhanced the combined Ca/Cd toxicity on lifespan, and mutation of daf-2, encoding an insulin receptor-like protein, alleviated the combined Ca/Cd toxicity on lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bergin D, Liu P. Agmatine protects against β-amyloid25-35-induced memory impairments in the rat. Neuroscience 2010; 169:794-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
48
|
Pirondi S, Giuliani A, Del Vecchio G, Giardino L, Hökfelt T, Calzà L. The galanin receptor 2/3 agonist Gal2-11 protects the SN56 cells against beta-amyloid 25-35 toxicity. J Neurosci Res 2010; 88:1064-73. [PMID: 19885864 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin is a modulator of cholinergic function and may play a role in A beta peptide-induced degeneration of cholinergic forebrain neurons. We have studied the effect of galanin and its galanin receptor subtype 2/3 agonist Gal2-11on toxicity induced by freshly-prepared beta-amyloid(25-35) in the cholinergic cell line SN56. Both nuclear fragmentation and caspase-3 expression were analysed. beta-amyloid(25-35)-exposure induced a significant increase in caspase-3 mRNA expression after 30, 60, 90 or 150 min of beta-amyloid(25-35) exposure. These effects were abolished in the presence of Gal2-11 (10 nM). Similarly, beta-amyloid(25-35)-induced nuclear fragmentation was prevented by the galanin agonist at all time points studied. These findings indicate that the galanin 2/3 agonist Gal2-11 protects SN56 cholinergic cells from beta-amyloid(25-35)-induced cell death and that this action is mediated by an early reduction of caspase-3 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pirondi
- DIMORFIPA, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cholesterol and statins in Alzheimer's disease: Current controversies. Exp Neurol 2010; 223:282-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 09/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
50
|
Abstract
The progressive nature of neurodegeneration suggests an age-dependent process that ultimately leads to synaptic failure and neuronal damage in cortical areas of the brain critical for memory and higher mental functions. The increasing age of the population in developed countries suggests that, if unchecked, these disorders will become increasingly prevalent. In the absence of specific biologic markers, direct pathologic examination of brain tissue still is the only definitive method for establishing a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) and other types of dementia. Pathologic hallmarks of AD are intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and extracellular amyloid plaques. NFT are intraneuronal bundles of paired helical filaments mainly composed of the aggregates of an abnormally phosphorylated form of tau protein; neuritic plaques consist of dense extracellular aggregates of β-amyloid (Aβ), surrounded by reactive gliosis and dystrophic neurites. To date, all available evidence strongly supports the notion that an imbalance between the production and removal of Aβ leading to its progressive accumulation is central to the pathogenesis of AD. A growing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Aβ formation, degradation, and neurotoxicity is being translated into new therapeutic approaches. Whereas AD is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, postmortem studies have found dementia with Lewy Bodies and frontotemporal lobe degeneration each to account for about 20% of cases. Molecular neuroimaging techniques such as PET have been used for the in vivo assessment of molecular processes at their sites of action, permitting detection of subtle pathophysiological changes in the brain at asymptomatic stages The development of molecular imaging methods for noninvasively assessing disease-specific traits such as Aβ burden in AD is allowing early diagnosis at presymptomatic stages, more accurate differential diagnosis and, when available, the evaluation and monitoring of disease-modifying therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia; The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, 135 Oak Street, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medicine, Austin Health, Victoria 3084, Australia.
| | - Christopher C Rowe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, Victoria 3084, Australia; Department of Medicine, Austin Health, Victoria 3084, Australia
| |
Collapse
|