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López-Caballero F, Coffman B, Seebold D, Teichert T, Salisbury DF. Intensity and inter-stimulus-interval effects on human middle- and long-latency auditory evoked potentials in an unpredictable auditory context. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14217. [PMID: 36371684 PMCID: PMC10463565 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
It is not known how Auditory-Evoked Responses (AERs) comprising Middle Latency Responses (MLRs) and Long Latency Responses (LLRs) are modulated by stimulus intensity and inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in an unpredictable auditory context. Further, intensity and ISI effects on MLR and LLR have never been assessed simultaneously in the same humans. To address this important question, thirty participants passively listened to a random sequence of auditory clicks of three possible intensities (65, 75, and 85 dB) at five possible ISI ranges (0.25 to 0.5 s, 0.5 to 1 s, 1 to 2 s, 2 to 4 s, 4 to 8 s) over four to seven one-hour sessions while EEG was recorded. P0, Na, Pa, Nb, and Pb MLR peaks and N1 and P2 LLR peaks were measured. MLRs P0 (p = .005), Pa (p = .021), and Pb (p = <.001) were modulated by intensity, while only MLR Pb (p = <.001) was modulated by ISI. LLR N1 and P2 were modulated by both intensity and ISI (all p values < .001). Intensity and ISI interacted at Pb, N1, and P2 (all p values < .001), with greater intensity effects at longer ISIs and greater ISI effects at louder intensities. Together, these results provide a comprehensive picture of intensity and ISI effects on AER across the entire thalamocortical auditory pathway, while controlling for stimulus predictability. Moreover, they highlight P0 as the earliest MLR response sensitive to stimulus intensity and Pb (~50 ms) as the earliest cortical response coding for ISIs above 250 ms and showing an interdependence between intensity and ISI effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fran López-Caballero
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Coffman
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dylan Seebold
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tobias Teichert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dean F. Salisbury
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Stein J, von Kriegstein K, Tabas A. Predictive encoding of pure tones and FM-sweeps in the human auditory cortex. Cereb Cortex Commun 2022; 3:tgac047. [PMID: 36545253 PMCID: PMC9764222 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Expectations substantially influence perception, but the neural mechanisms underlying this influence are not fully understood. A prominent view is that sensory neurons encode prediction error with respect to expectations on upcoming sensory input. Although the encoding of prediction error has been previously demonstrated in the human auditory cortex (AC), previous studies often induced expectations using stimulus repetition, potentially confounding prediction error with neural habituation. These studies also measured AC as a single population, failing to consider possible predictive specializations of different AC fields. Moreover, the few studies that considered prediction error to stimuli other than pure tones yielded conflicting results. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to systematically investigate prediction error to subjective expectations in auditory cortical fields Te1.0, Te1.1, Te1.2, and Te3, and two types of stimuli: pure tones and frequency modulated (FM) sweeps. Our results show that prediction error is elicited with respect to the participants' expectations independently of stimulus repetition and similarly expressed across auditory fields. Moreover, despite the radically different strategies underlying the decoding of pure tones and FM-sweeps, both stimulus modalities were encoded as prediction error in most fields of AC. Altogether, our results provide unequivocal evidence that predictive coding is the general encoding mechanism in AC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharina von Kriegstein
- Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Bamberger Str. 7, Dresden 01187, Germany
| | - Alejandro Tabas
- Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Bamberger Str. 7, Dresden 01187, Germany
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Kommajosyula SP, Bartlett EL, Cai R, Ling L, Caspary DM. Corticothalamic projections deliver enhanced responses to medial geniculate body as a function of the temporal reliability of the stimulus. J Physiol 2021; 599:5465-5484. [PMID: 34783016 PMCID: PMC10630908 DOI: 10.1113/jp282321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing and challenging signal-in-noise conditions are known to engage the use of cortical resources to help maintain speech understanding. Extensive corticothalamic projections are thought to provide attentional, mnemonic and cognitive-related inputs in support of sensory inferior colliculus (IC) inputs to the medial geniculate body (MGB). Here we show that a decrease in modulation depth, a temporally less distinct periodic acoustic signal, leads to a jittered ascending temporal code, changing MGB unit responses from adapting responses to responses showing repetition enhancement, posited to aid identification of important communication and environmental sounds. Young-adult male Fischer Brown Norway rats, injected with the inhibitory opsin archaerhodopsin T (ArchT) into the primary auditory cortex (A1), were subsequently studied using optetrodes to record single-units in MGB. Decreasing the modulation depth of acoustic stimuli significantly increased repetition enhancement. Repetition enhancement was blocked by optical inactivation of corticothalamic terminals in MGB. These data support a role for corticothalamic projections in repetition enhancement, implying that predictive anticipation could be used to improve neural representation of weakly modulated sounds. KEY POINTS: In response to a less temporally distinct repeating sound with low modulation depth, medial geniculate body (MGB) single units show a switch from adaptation towards repetition enhancement. Repetition enhancement was reversed by blockade of MGB inputs from the auditory cortex. Collectively, these data argue that diminished acoustic temporal cues such as weak modulation engage cortical processes to enhance coding of those cues in auditory thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa P Kommajosyula
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Edward L Bartlett
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Rui Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Lynne Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Donald M Caspary
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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4
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Neural correlates of auditory sensory memory dynamics in the aging brain. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 88:128-136. [PMID: 32035848 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system allows us to monitor background environmental sound patterns and recognize deviations that may indicate opportunities or threats. The mismatch negativity and P3a potentials have generators in the auditory and inferior frontal cortex and index expected sound patterns (standards) and any aberrations (deviants). The mismatch negativity and P3a waveforms show increased positivity for consecutive standards and deviants preceded by more standards. We hypothesized attenuated repetition effects in older participants, potentially because of differences in prefrontal functions. Young (23 ± 5 years) and older (75 ± 5 years) adults were tested in 2 oddball paradigms with pitch or location deviants. Significant repetition effects were observed in the young standard and deviant waveforms at multiple time windows. Except the earliest time window (30-100 ms), repetition effects were absent in the older group. Repetition effects were significant at frontal but not temporal lobe sites and did not differ among pitch and location deviants. However, P3a repetition was evident in both ages. Findings suggest age differences in the dynamic updating of sensory memory for background sound patterns.
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Aggelopoulos NC, Deike S, Selezneva E, Scheich H, Brechmann A, Brosch M. Predictive cues for auditory stream formation in humans and monkeys. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 51:1254-1264. [PMID: 29250854 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Auditory perception is improved when stimuli are predictable, and this effect is evident in a modulation of the activity of neurons in the auditory cortex as shown previously. Human listeners can better predict the presence of duration deviants embedded in stimulus streams with fixed interonset interval (isochrony) and repeated duration pattern (regularity), and neurons in the auditory cortex of macaque monkeys have stronger sustained responses in the 60-140 ms post-stimulus time window under these conditions. Subsequently, the question has arisen whether isochrony or regularity in the sensory input contributed to the enhancement of the neuronal and behavioural responses. Therefore, we varied the two factors isochrony and regularity independently and measured the ability of human subjects to detect deviants embedded in these sequences as well as measuring the responses of neurons the primary auditory cortex of macaque monkeys during presentations of the sequences. The performance of humans in detecting deviants was significantly increased by regularity. Isochrony enhanced detection only in the presence of the regularity cue. In monkeys, regularity increased the sustained component of neuronal tone responses in auditory cortex while isochrony had no consistent effect. Although both regularity and isochrony can be considered as parameters that would make a sequence of sounds more predictable, our results from the human and monkey experiments converge in that regularity has a greater influence on behavioural performance and neuronal responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos C Aggelopoulos
- Special Lab of Primate Neurobiology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susann Deike
- Special Lab Non-invasive Brain Imaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elena Selezneva
- Special Lab of Primate Neurobiology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henning Scheich
- Emeritus Group Lifelong Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - André Brechmann
- Special Lab Non-invasive Brain Imaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Brosch
- Special Lab of Primate Neurobiology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Okamoto H, Kakigi R. Modulation of Auditory Evoked Magnetic Fields Elicited by Successive Frequency-Modulated (FM) Sweeps. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:36. [PMID: 28220066 PMCID: PMC5292620 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our daily life, we are successively exposed to frequency-modulated (FM) sounds that play an important role in speech and species-specific communication. Previous studies demonstrated that repetitive exposure to identical pure tones resulted in decreased neural activity. However, the effects of repetitively presented FM sounds on neural activity in the human auditory cortex remain unclear. In the present study, we used magnetoencephalography to investigate auditory evoked N1m responses elicited by four successive temporally repeated and superimposed FM sweeps in three sequences: (1) four FM sweeps were identical, (2) four FM sweeps had the same FM direction and rate, but different carrier frequencies, (3) four FM sweeps differed with respect to the FM rate and/or direction and their carrier frequencies. In contrast to our expectations, the results obtained demonstrated that N1m responses were maximal when the four FM sweeps were identical and minimal when they were distinct. These results suggest that the neural processing of repetitive FM sweeps in the human auditory cortex may differ from that of repetitive pure tones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Okamoto
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced StudiesHayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hidehiko Okamoto
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced StudiesHayama, Japan
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Recasens M, Leung S, Grimm S, Nowak R, Escera C. Repetition suppression and repetition enhancement underlie auditory memory-trace formation in the human brain: an MEG study. Neuroimage 2015; 108:75-86. [PMID: 25528656 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Involvement of the human midbrain and thalamus in auditory deviance detection. Neuropsychologia 2015; 68:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Electrophysiological index of acoustic temporal regularity violation in the middle latency range. Clin Neurophysiol 2013; 124:2397-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Altmann CF, Gaese BH. Representation of frequency-modulated sounds in the human brain. Hear Res 2013; 307:74-85. [PMID: 23933098 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Frequency-modulation is a ubiquitous sound feature present in communicative sounds of various animal species and humans. Functional imaging of the human auditory system has seen remarkable advances in the last two decades and studies pertaining to frequency-modulation have centered around two major questions: a) are there dedicated feature-detectors encoding frequency-modulation in the brain and b) is there concurrent representation with amplitude-modulation, another temporal sound feature? In this review, we first describe how these two questions are motivated by psychophysical studies and neurophysiology in animal models. We then review how human non-invasive neuroimaging studies have furthered our understanding of the representation of frequency-modulated sounds in the brain. Finally, we conclude with some suggestions on how human neuroimaging could be used in future studies to address currently still open questions on this fundamental sound feature. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Human Auditory Neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Altmann
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Tian X, Poeppel D. The effect of imagination on stimulation: the functional specificity of efference copies in speech processing. J Cogn Neurosci 2013; 25:1020-36. [PMID: 23469885 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The computational role of efference copies is widely appreciated in action and perception research, but their properties for speech processing remain murky. We tested the functional specificity of auditory efference copies using magnetoencephalography recordings in an unconventional pairing: We used a classical cognitive manipulation (mental imagery--to elicit internal simulation and estimation) with a well-established experimental paradigm (one shot repetition--to assess neuronal specificity). Participants performed tasks that differentially implicated internal prediction of sensory consequences (overt speaking, imagined speaking, and imagined hearing) and their modulatory effects on the perception of an auditory (syllable) probe were assessed. Remarkably, the neural responses to overt syllable probes vary systematically, both in terms of directionality (suppression, enhancement) and temporal dynamics (early, late), as a function of the preceding covert mental imagery adaptor. We show, in the context of a dual-pathway model, that internal simulation shapes perception in a context-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Tian
- New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Budd TW, Nakamura T, Fulham WR, Todd J, Schall U, Hunter M, Hodgson DM, Michie PT. Repetition suppression of the rat auditory evoked potential at brief stimulus intervals. Brain Res 2013; 1498:59-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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