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Jiang H, Zhang C, Lin M, Yin Y, Deng S, Liu W, Zhuo B, Tian G, Du Y, Meng Z. Deciphering the mechanistic impact of acupuncture on the neurovascular unit in acute ischemic stroke: Insights from basic research in a narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102536. [PMID: 39384155 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke(IS), a severe acute cerebrovascular disease, not only imposes a heavy economic burden on society but also presents numerous challenges in treatment. During the acute phase, while thrombolysis and thrombectomy serve as primary treatments, these approaches are restricted by a narrow therapeutic window. During rehabilitation, commonly used neuroprotective agents struggle with their low drug delivery efficiency and inadequate preclinical testing, and the long-term pharmacological and toxicity effects of nanomedicines remain undefined. Meanwhile, acupuncture as a therapeutic approach is widely acknowledged for its effectiveness in treating IS and has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an alternative and complementary therapy, even though its exact mechanisms remain unclear. This review aims to summarize the known mechanisms of acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of IS. Research shows that acupuncture treatment mainly protects the neurovascular unit through five mechanisms: 1) reducing neuronal apoptosis and promoting neuronal repair and proliferation; 2) maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB); 3) inhibiting the overactivation and polarization imbalance of microglia; 4) regulating the movement of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells; 5) promoting the proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursors. Through an in-depth analysis, this review reveals the multi-level, multi-dimensional impact of acupuncture treatment on the neurovascular unit (NVU) following IS, providing stronger evidence and a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Jiang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Mengxuan Lin
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yu Yin
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shizhe Deng
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Bifang Zhuo
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Guang Tian
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Yuzheng Du
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Zhihong Meng
- Department of Acupuncture, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China; Department of Acupuncture, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
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Zhang K, Shen J, Liu T, Yang H. Modulation of Brain Activities in Healthy Individuals by Acupuncture at Quchi (LI11). Brain Topogr 2024; 38:5. [PMID: 39397172 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
This research investigated the modulation of acupuncture at Quchi (LI11) on the brain activities in healthy individuals. Sub-bands power and EEG microstate analysis were carried out at pre-acupuncture, acupuncture, needle retaining and post-acupuncture periods in both the acupuncture group (n = 16) and control group (n = 18). Four microstate classes (A-D) were derived from the clustering procedure. Regression analysis was conducted, together with a two-way repeated measures ANOVA, which was then followed by Bonferroni correction. In the acupuncture group, we found the beta power during the acupuncture periods was significantly reduced. The channel-by-channel analysis revealed that acupuncture at LI11 mainly altered the power of delta, theta, and alpha waves in specific brain regions. The delta power increased predominantly in parietal, occipital, and central lobes, while theta and alpha power decreased predominantly in temporal, frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes. During the acupuncture period, participants in the acupuncture group showed a significant increase in both duration and contribution of microstate A, as well as the bidirectional transition probabilities A and B/D. Microstate analysis showed that acupuncture at LI11 significantly enhances the activity of microstate A and potentially strengthens the functional connectivity between the auditory network and either the visual network or the dorsal attention network. These correlational results indicate that acupuncture at LI11 mainly affects activities of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. These findings highlight the potential of microstate as neuroimaging evidence and a specific index for elucidating the neuromodulatory effects of acupuncture at LI11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jianhui Shen
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tangyi Liu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huayuan Yang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Li P, Zhao J, Wei X, Luo L, Chu Y, Zhang T, Zhu A, Yan J. Acupuncture may play a key role in anti-depression through various mechanisms in depression. Chin Med 2024; 19:135. [PMID: 39367470 PMCID: PMC11451062 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression has emerged as a significant global health concern, exerting a profound impact on individuals, as evidenced by its high prevalence and associated suicide rates. Considering its pervasive nature, the absence of optimal treatment modalities remains a challenge. Acupuncture has garnered substantial clinical and experimental validation for its efficacy in addressing diverse forms of depression, including postpartum, post-stroke, and adolescent depression. This article endeavors to elucidate the distinctive attributes and underlying mechanisms of acupuncture in the contemporary treatment of depression. Research has demonstrated that acupuncture exerts diverse physiological effects in animal models of depression, encompassing modulation of the brain, serum, and brain-gut axis. These effects are attributed to various mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative actions, promotion of neuronal plasticity, neuroprotection, neurotrophic effects, modulation of neurotransmitters, regulation of endocrine and immune functions, and modulation of cell signal pathways. Currently, the therapeutic mechanism of acupuncture involves the engagement of multiple targets, pathways, and bidirectional regulation. Hence, acupuncture emerges as a promising alternative medical modality, exhibiting substantial research prospects and meriting comprehensive worth further study and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
- Department of clinical medicine, Xiamen medical college, xiamen, China
| | - Jiangna Zhao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiuxiang Wei
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , Shenzhen, China
| | - Longfei Luo
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yuzhou Chu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Anning Zhu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
| | - Juntao Yan
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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Liu F, Chen Y, Huang K. Electro-acupuncture Suppresses Ferroptosis to Alleviate Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through KAT3B-Mediated Succinylation of ACSL4. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05063-6. [PMID: 39340629 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Electro-acupuncture (EA) is identified as an effective therapeutic method for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), which is a combination of Chinese traditional acupuncture and modern electro-therapy. However, the downstream molecular mechanisms of EA in CIRI process remains largely unknown. The purpose of the present study is to unveil the therapeutic effect of EA on CIRI rat and its regulatory mechanisms. At first, we constructed middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat models and then treated them with EA to observe the pathological changes. The results indicated that EA decreased the infarct volume (43.81 ± 3.34 vs 15.96 ± 2.22) and the neurological scores (3.33 ± 0.52 vs 1.67 ± 0.52) and suppressed the apoptosis in MCAO model rats. For ferroptosis analysis, EA decreased the Fe2 + (0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.06 ± 0.01), MDA (36.61 ± 4.29 vs 21.72 ± 2.79), and LPS (5.25 ± 0.69 vs 2.89 ± 0.42) contents and increased the GSH (4.94 ± 1.04 vs 11.69 ± 1.88) content in MCAO model rats. We next detected whether succinylation mediated EA-treated I/R injury. According to immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis, EA treatment could lower both levels of succinylation and KAT3B in MCAO rats. Moreover, mechanism experiments unveiled that KAT3B promoted the succinylation of the ferroptosis-related protein ACSL4 at K661 site and thus stabilizing ACSL4. Finally, EA-treated MCAO rats were further injected with KAT3B expression vector. The results showed that KAT3B overexpression increased the infarct volume (31.44 ± 3.92 vs 7.94 ± 2.84) and the neurological scores (2.67 ± 0.51 vs 1.33 ± 0.51) and promoted the apoptosis in EA treated MCAO model rats. For ferroptosis analysis, KAT3B overexpression increased the Fe2 + (0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.05 ± 0.01), MDA (29.24 ± 4.30 vs 22.06 ± 1.89), and LPO (5.07 ± 0.45 vs 2.88 ± 0.49) contents and decreased the GSH (7.86 ± 1.09 vs 11.06 ± 1.76) content in EA treated MCAO model rats. Collectively, our study demonstrates that EA plays a therapeutic role in CIRI through suppressing KAT3B-induced stabilization of ACSL4 to inhibit ferroptosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of EA and open new avenues for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangbai Huang
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12, Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Liu Q, Ai K, Jiang XR, Yang JJ, Chen L, Cao SH, He HL, Liu X, Liu M. Research on acupuncture and glial cells: A bibliometric analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38898. [PMID: 38996108 PMCID: PMC11245203 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are a growing number of studies on the effect of acupuncture on glial cells in the central nervous system; however, there are few related bibliometric analyses in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this bibliometric study was to visualize the literature on acupuncture-regulated glial cells. METHODS On November 23, 2022, regular and review articles on acupuncture and glial cell-related research were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The R package "bibliometrix" was used to summarize the main findings, count the occurrences of the top keywords, visualize the international collaboration network, and generate a 3-field plot. The VOSviewer software was used to conduct both co-authorship and co-occurrence analyses. CiteSpace was used to identify the best references and keywords with the highest citation rates. RESULTS Overall, 348 publications on acupuncture and glial cells were included. The publications were primarily from China, Korea, and the United States of America. The majority of publications were found in relevant journals. Apart from "acupuncture" and "glial cells," the most frequently used keywords were "neuroinflammation," "hyperalgesia," and "pain." CONCLUSION This bibliometric study mapped a fundamental knowledge structure comprising countries, institutions, authors, journals, and articles in the research fields of acupuncture and glial cells over the last 3 decades. These results provide a comprehensive perspective on the wider landscape of this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Ai
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Ru Jiang
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Si-Hui Cao
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao-Long He
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Mi Liu
- College of Acupuncture & Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Kuang H, Zhu X, Chen H, Tang H, Zhao H. The immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke: research progress, prospects, and future direction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1319863. [PMID: 38756772 PMCID: PMC11096548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1319863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Complicated mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of IS. Immunomodulatory mechanisms are crucial to IS. Acupuncture is a traditional non-drug treatment that has been extensively used to treat IS. The exploration of neuroimmune modulation will broaden the understanding of the mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatment. This review summarizes the immune response of immune cells, immune cytokines, and immune organs after an IS. The immunomodulatory mechanisms of acupuncture treatment on the central nervous system and peripheral immunity, as well as the factors that influence the effects of acupuncture treatment, were summarized. We suggest prospects and future directions for research on immunomodulatory mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for IS based on current progress, and we hope that these will provide inspiration for researchers. Additionally, acupuncture has shown favorable outcomes in the treatment of immune-based nervous system diseases, generating new directions for research on possible targets and treatments for immune-based nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Kuang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Luohu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Han Tang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Luohu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Luohu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Fu TC, Wang GR, Li YX, Xu ZF, Wang C, Zhang RC, Ma QT, Ma YJ, Guo Y, Dai XY, Guo Y. Mobilizing endogenous neuroprotection: the mechanism of the protective effect of acupuncture on the brain after stroke. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1181670. [PMID: 38737099 PMCID: PMC11084281 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1181670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Given its high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates, ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe disease posing a substantial public health threat. Although early thrombolytic therapy is effective in IS treatment, the limited time frame for its administration presents a formidable challenge. Upon occurrence, IS triggers an ischemic cascade response, inducing the brain to generate endogenous protective mechanisms against excitotoxicity and inflammation, among other pathological processes. Stroke patients often experience limited recovery stages. As a result, activating their innate self-protective capacity [endogenous brain protection (EBP)] is essential for neurological function recovery. Acupuncture has exhibited clinical efficacy in cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) treatment by promoting the human body's self-preservation and "Zheng Qi" (a term in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) describing positive capabilities such as self-immunity, self-recovery, and disease prevention). According to research, acupuncture can modulate astrocyte activity, decrease oxidative stress (OS), and protect neurons by inhibiting excitotoxicity, inflammation, and apoptosis via activating endogenous protective mechanisms within the brain. Furthermore, acupuncture was found to modulate microglia transformation, thereby reducing inflammation and autoimmune responses, as well as promoting blood flow restoration by regulating the vasculature or the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the precise mechanism underlying these processes remains unclear. Consequently, this review aims to shed light on the potential acupuncture-induced endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms by critically examining experimental evidence on the preventive and therapeutic effects exerted by acupuncture on CIS. This review offers a theoretical foundation for acupuncture-based stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-cong Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan-ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-xuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-fang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Can Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Run-chen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing-tao Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Ya-jing Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-yu Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Lee JH, Choi BT, Shin HK. Effect of Combination Electroacupuncture and Tenuigenin on the Migration and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells following Ischemic Stroke. J Pharmacopuncture 2023; 26:357-365. [PMID: 38162470 PMCID: PMC10739475 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2023.26.4.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Since stroke is a serious health issue, novel therapeutic strategies are required. In a mouse model of ischemic stroke, this study analyzed the potential of electroacupuncture (EA) and tenuigenin (TE) to improve the efficacy of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) transplantation. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with reperfusion was used to generate ischemic stroke. Forty-eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups control, MCAO-operated, MCAO-EA, MCAO-TE, or MCAO + EA + TE. Subsequently, hMSCs were transplanted into the ischemic region and EA, TE, or the combination was administered. Behavior assessments and immunohistochemistry were conducted to evaluate motor and cognitive recovery and hMSCs survival, migration, and differentiation. Results The combined treatment of EA and TE exhibited enhanced hMSCs survival, migration and differentiation into neural cell lineages while suppressing astrocyte formation. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased neurogenesis through hMSCs transplantation in the ischemic brain. Immediate behavioral improvements were not significantly different between groups, but there was a gradual recovery in motor and cognitive function over time. Conclusion These findings highlight the potential of EA and TE co-treatment as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke, opening avenues for further research to optimize treatment protocols and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Tae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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9
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Zhu B, Zhou Y, Zhou W, Chen C, Wang J, Xu S, Wang Q. Electroacupuncture modulates gut microbiota in mice: A potential target in postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:3131-3143. [PMID: 36094150 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The detailed mechanism of inflammation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether electroacupuncture (EA) ameliorates POCD by modulating gut microbial dysbiosis. Compared to the control group, mice in the EA group were treated at the acupoints Zusanli (ST36), Quchi (L111), Baihui (GV20), and Dazhui (GV14) 1 week before appendectomy. Novel object recognition and the Morris water maze tests were used to assess learning and spatial reference memory deficits, whereas hippocampus samples and stool samples were collected for central inflammatory tests and 16S-rRNA sequencing of intestinal flora, respectively. In amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, EA enhanced spatial memory and learning deficits. The fecal microbial community was altered in APP/PS1 mice in the absence of EA following surgery. Among them, Coprococcus and Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the EA groups than in the control groups; however, Actinobacteriota, Helicobacteraceae, and Escherichia/shigella constitute the minor bacterial colonization in the EA groups. Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between Firmicutes and escape latency (Pearson correlation coefficient - 0.551, p < 0.01) and positive correlation between Proteobacteria and escape latency (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.462, p < 0.05). Electron microscopy revealed signs of blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairments and immunofluorescence images showed glial cells activated in the hippocampus of APP/PS mice without EA, and serum diamine oxidase levels were increased in these mice; whereas EA treatment significantly relieved the above pathological changes. Our findings implied that EA decreases hippocampal inflammation of APP/PS1 by upregulating benificial gut microbiota, reducing BBB and intestinal barrier dysfunction, thus alleviates postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This may provide a novel target in POCD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhu
- The Department of Radiology and Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanling Zhou
- The Department of Radiology and Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weijian Zhou
- The Department of Radiology and Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunqu Chen
- The Department of Radiology and Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- The Department of Radiology and Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Jiangbei District, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Jiangbei District, China
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Lee S, Kim SN. The effects of acupuncture on sleep disorders and its underlying mechanism: a literature review of rodent studies. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1243029. [PMID: 37614343 PMCID: PMC10442542 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1243029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a set of physiological processes mainly under neurobiological regulation that affect several physiological systems, and sleep disorders are a condition where normal sleep patterns are disturbed. Clinical studies have confirmed the effects of acupuncture on sleep duration and quality. Although many studies have explored the therapeutic effects of acupuncture on sleep disorders, the mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the mechanism of acupuncture efficacy in a rodent model of sleep disorders and evaluated the therapeutic effects of acupuncture treatment. According to our results, sleep disorders are associated with several brain regions and neurotransmitters. Furthermore, this review showed that neurological processes, such as catecholamine and BDNF signaling pathways, can be regulated by acupuncture, which is a crucial aspect of the acupuncture mechanism in sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung-Nam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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11
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Wang M, Liu W, Ge J, Liu S. The immunomodulatory mechanisms for acupuncture practice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147718. [PMID: 37090714 PMCID: PMC10117649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The system physiology approaches that emerge in western countries in recent years echo the holistic view of ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practices that deal with the root, rather than only the symptoms of diseases. Particularly, TCM practices, including acupuncture, emphasize the mobilization of self-healing mechanisms to bring back body homeostasis. Acupuncture has been practiced for over two thousand years to modulate body physiology via stimulation at specific body regions (acupoints). With the development of various research on acupuncture therapy, its regulatory effect on the immune system has been gradually recognized, especially on immunological diseases, including infectious and allergic diseases. In this study, we reviewed the immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture and systematically integrates existing research to respectively elucidate the modulatory mechanisms of acupuncture on the innate immune system, adaptive immune system, and well-known neuroanatomical mechanisms, including intact somatosensory-autonomic reflex pathway. With the advances made in recent systems physiology studies, we now have a great opportunity to gain insight into how acupuncture modulates immunity, and subsequently improves its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Chen Z, Huang Z, Li X, Deng W, Gao M, Jin M, Zhou X, Du Q. Effects of traditional Chinese medicine combined with modern rehabilitation therapies on motor function in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1097477. [PMID: 36845424 PMCID: PMC9944433 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1097477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has considerable experience in the treatment of cerebral palsy (CP), but little evidence shows the effect of a combination of TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies on CP. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of integrated TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies on motor development in children with CP. Methods We systematically searched five databases up to June 2022, including PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. Gross motor function measure (GMFM) and Peabody Development Motor Scales-II were the primary outcomes to evaluate motor development. Secondary outcomes included the joint range of motion, the Modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Berg balance scale, and Activities of Daily living (ADL). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine intergroup differences. Results A total of 2,211 participants from 22 trials were enrolled in this study. Among these, one study was at a low risk of bias and seven studies showed a high risk of bias. Significant improvements were found in GMFM-66 (WMD 9.33; 95% CI 0.14-18.52, P < 0.05, I 2 = 92.1%), GMFM-88 (WMD 8.24; 95% CI 3.25-13.24, P < 0.01, I 2 = 0.0%), Berg balance scale (WMD 4.42; 95% CI 1.21-7.63, P < 0.01, I 2 = 96.7%), and ADL (WMD 3.78; 95% CI 2.12-5.43, P < 0.01, I 2 = 58.8%). No adverse events were reported during the TCM intervention in the included studies. The quality of evidence was high to low. Conclusion Integrated TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies may be an effective and safe intervention protocol to improve gross motor function, muscle tone, and the functional independence of children with CP. However, our results should be interpreted carefully because of the heterogeneity between the included studies. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022345470.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengquan Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zefan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengdie Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Xuan Zhou,
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Chongming Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China,Qing Du,
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13
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Mu JD, Ma LX, Zhang Z, Qian X, Zhang QY, Ma LH, Sun TY. The factors affecting neurogenesis after stroke and the role of acupuncture. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1082625. [PMID: 36741282 PMCID: PMC9895425 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1082625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke induces a state of neuroplasticity in the central nervous system, which can lead to neurogenesis phenomena such as axonal growth and synapse formation, thus affecting stroke outcomes. The brain has a limited ability to repair ischemic damage and requires a favorable microenvironment. Acupuncture is considered a feasible and effective neural regulation strategy to improve functional recovery following stroke via the benign modulation of neuroplasticity. Therefore, we summarized the current research progress on the key factors and signaling pathways affecting neurogenesis, and we also briefly reviewed the research progress of acupuncture to improve functional recovery after stroke by promoting neurogenesis. This study aims to provide new therapeutic perspectives and strategies for the recovery of motor function after stroke based on neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Dan Mu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Xiao Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,The Key Unit of State Administration of Traditional Chines Medicine, Evaluation of Characteristic Acupuncture Therapy, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Liang-Xiao Ma ✉
| | - Zhou Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Yong Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Hui Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yi Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Li M, Tang H, Li Z, Tang W. Emerging Treatment Strategies for Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2022; 507:112-124. [PMID: 36341725 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) injury is a common feature of ischemic stroke which occurs when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia in the brain. Reduced blood-flow to the brain during CI/RI compromises neuronal cell health as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytokine production, inflammation and tissue damage. Reperfusion therapy during CI/RI can restore the blood flow to ischemic regions of brain which are not yet infarcted. The long-term goal of CI/RI therapy is to reduce stroke-related neuronal cell death, disability and mortality. A range of drug and interventional therapies have emerged that can alleviate CI/RI mediated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the brain. Herein, we review recent studies on CI/RI interventions for which a mechanism of action has been described and the potential of these therapeutic modalities for future use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Heyong Tang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (School of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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15
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Wen J, Cao Y, Chang S, Huang Q, Zhang Z, Wei W, Yao J, Pei H, Li H. A network meta-analysis on the improvement of cognition in patients with vascular dementia by different acupuncture therapies. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1053283. [PMID: 36590305 PMCID: PMC9797048 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1053283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The second most prevalent cause of dementia is vascular dementia (VaD). Furthermore, acupuncture is a relatively safe and effective traditional therapy for individuals with VaD. We performed a network meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of various acupuncture therapies for VaD based on existing research. Methods We searched six electronic databases to screen for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different acupuncture treatments in VaD patients. The Cochrne tool (Review Manager 5.3) was used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included RCTs. Based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, we assessed the confidence in the evidence using the Confidence In the results from Network Meta-Analysis approach. We used the frequency approach to perform the network meta-analysis. Data were analyzed using R 4.1.1. Results In total, we included 46 eligible studies. The results of the network analysis showed that the combined interventions of moxibustion (MB) with body acupuncture (BA) (MB + BA) and electroacupuncture (EA) with scalp acupuncture (SA) with BA (EA + SA + BA) were more effective in improving cognitive functions and activities of daily living compared with SA or BA alone. However, in the subgroup analysis, EA + SA + BA showed better efficacy in short- and mid-term acupuncture compared with other acupuncture therapies. Conclusion Combined acupuncture therapy may be a safe and effective intervention for individuals with VaD, and MB + BA and EA + SA + BA appear to be the most effective interventions. However, because the analysis of this study was based on low-to-moderate evidence, there remains no strong supporting evidence. Thus, high-quality, large-scale, and long-term studies should be conducted in the future to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in VaD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42022354573.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wen
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Surui Chang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyi Huang
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuxiu Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Qin S, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Liu J, Qiu J, Gong Y, Fan W, Guo Y, Guo Y, Xu Z, Guo Y. The impact of acupuncture on neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke: a literature review and perspectives. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:817732. [PMID: 36439200 PMCID: PMC9685811 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.817732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is common in the elderly, and is one of the main causes of long-term disability worldwide. After ischemic stroke, spontaneous recovery and functional reconstruction take place. These processes are possible thanks to neuroplasticity, which involves neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and angiogenesis. However, the repair of ischemic damage is not complete, and neurological deficits develop eventually. The WHO recommends acupuncture as an alternative and complementary method for the treatment of stroke. Moreover, clinical and experimental evidence has documented the potential of acupuncture to ameliorate ischemic stroke-induced neurological deficits, particularly sequelae such as dyskinesia, spasticity, cognitive impairment, and dysphagia. These effects are related to the ability of acupuncture to promote spontaneous neuroplasticity after ischemic stroke. Specifically, acupuncture can stimulate neurogenesis, activate axonal regeneration and sprouting, and improve the structure and function of synapses. These processes modify the neural network and function of the damaged brain area, producing the improvement of various skills and adaptability. Astrocytes and microglia may be involved in the regulation of neuroplasticity by acupuncture, such as by the production and release of a variety of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). Moreover, the evidence presented indicates that acupuncture promotes neuroplasticity by modulating the functional reconstruction of the whole brain after ischemia. Therefore, the promotion of neuroplasticity is expected to become a new target for acupuncture in the treatment of neurological deficits after ischemic stroke, and research into the mechanisms responsible for these actions will be of significant clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siru Qin
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zichen Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yadan Zhao
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiwen Qiu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinan Gong
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy Course, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan
| | - Yongming Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture & Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- Acupuncture Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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17
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Fan Q, Lei C, Wang Y, Yu N, Wang L, Fu J, Dong H, Lu Z, Xiong L. Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Combined With Auricular Acupressure Reduces Postoperative Delirium Among Elderly Patients Following Major Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:855296. [PMID: 35783617 PMCID: PMC9240658 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.855296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPostoperative delirium is common in elderly patients following major surgery. This study aimed to assess the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with auricular acupressure on the incidence of postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.MethodsIn this single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial, 210 patients aged 65 years or older undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized to receive either intervention treatment (transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation started at 30 min before anesthesia until the end of the surgery, followed by intermittent auricular acupressure in the first three postoperative days; n = 105) or standard care (n = 105). The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium at the first seven postoperative days or until hospitalization depended on which came first. Secondary outcomes included delirium severity, opioid consumption, postoperative pain score, sleep quality, length of postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative 30-day complications. Enrollment was from April 2019 to March 2020, with follow-up ending in April 2020.ResultsAll of the 210 randomized patients [median age, 69.5 years, 142 (67.6%) male] completed the trial. The incidence of postoperative delirium was significantly reduced in patients received intervention treatment (19/105 (18.1%) vs. 8/105 (7.6%), difference, –10.5% [95% CI, –1.5% to –19.4%]; hazard ratio, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.18 to 0.95]; P= 0.023). Patients in the control group had a higher postoperative Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (4 vs. 3; difference, –1; 95% CI, –1 to 0; P = 0.014) and a greater increase in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score from baseline to postoperative day three (2.5 vs. 2.0; difference, –1; 95% CI, –2 to –1; P < 0.001) than patients in the intervention group. No significant difference was observed as of other secondary outcomes.ConclusionIn elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with auricular acupressure reduced the incidence of postoperative in-hospital delirium compared with standard care. A multicenter, randomized clinical trial with a larger sample size is necessary to verify these findings.Clinical Trial Registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT03726073].
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chong Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chong Lei,
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Nannan Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lini Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingwen Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lize Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Lize Xiong,
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Jiang K, Sun Y, Chen X. Mechanism Underlying Acupuncture Therapy in Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Overview of Preclinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875103. [PMID: 35462893 PMCID: PMC9021644 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results from various pathogenic factors that destroy the normal structure and function of the spinal cord, subsequently causing sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve dysfunction. SCI is one of the most common causes of disability and death globally. It leads to severe physical and mental injury to patients and causes a substantial economic burden on families and the society. The pathological changes and underlying mechanisms within SCI involve oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, etc. As a traditional therapy, acupuncture has a positive effect promoting the recovery of SCI. Acupuncture-induced neuroprotection includes several mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting the inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, alleviating glial scar formation, promoting neural stem cell differentiation, and improving microcirculation within the injured area. Therefore, the recent studies exploring the mechanism of acupuncture therapy in SCI will help provide a theoretical basis for applying acupuncture and seeking a better treatment target and acupuncture approach for SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xinle Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinle Chen,
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19
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Li F, Zhang G, Liang J, Ma Y, Huang J, Wang R, Du H, Wang G, Wang Q. Protection of Intestinal Barrier in Uremic Mice by Electroacupuncture via Regulating the Cannabinoid 1 Receptor of the Intestinal Glial Cells. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:2210-2218. [PMID: 34906281 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier injuries are common in uremia, which aggravates uremia. The goal of this study is to learn moreabout how electroacupuncture regulates gastrointestinal function, as well as to identify the importance of microglia in electroacupuncture regulation and the cannabinoid receptor signaling pathway in controlling the activity of intestinal glial cells. The mice were arbitrarily assigned to four groups: control, CKD, electroacupuncture stimulation, or AM251 (CB1 receptor antagonist). The mice model of uremia was established by adenine gavage. Western blotting revealed the development of tight junction proteins ZO-1, cannabinoid 1 receptor, glial specific GFAP, occludin, S100 β, claudin-1, and JNK. GFAP and CB1R protein expression and co-localization of the intestinal glial cells were observed by double-labeled fluorescence. The expression of cannabinoid 1 receptor CB1R in the intestinal glial cells was increased after electroacupuncture. The expression of tight junction protein, GFAP, S100 β, and CB1R protein was up-regulated after electroacupuncture, and the dysfunction of the intestinal barrier in uremia was corrected. Nevertheless, AM251, a CB1R antagonist, reversed the effect of electroacupuncture. Electroacupuncture can protect the intestinal barrier through the intestinal glial cell CB1R, and the effect is achieved by inhibiting the JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hailiang Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Zhao YX, Yu XC, Gao JH, Yao MJ, Zhu B. Acupuncture for Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Review of Clinical and Basic Studies. J Pain Res 2021; 14:993-1005. [PMID: 33883931 PMCID: PMC8055287 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s296150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a common and intractable side effect of the conventional chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel. Acupuncture has been reported as an effective alternative therapy in treatment of PIPN in both basic studies and clinical trials. However, there is a lack of comprehensive surveys to summarize the action of acupuncture in management of PIPN. In this review, we briefly demonstrate the basic pathology of PIPN, which includes the activation of ion channels, mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of axonal transport and also neuro-inflammatory involvement. Meanwhile, we review both the clinical and basic studies as an emphasis to give a general overview of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture against PIPN. Finally, we summarize the current known mechanisms underlying the action of acupuncture against PIPN mainly at peripheral and spinal levels, which include various neurotransmitters, multiple receptors, different types of enzymes and molecules. In conclusion, acupuncture could be considered as a potential alternative therapy in treatment of PIPN, and further clinical and experimental studies are called for in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xue Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Chun Yu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hong Gao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jiang Yao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
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21
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Cao BQ, Tan F, Zhan J, Lai PH. Mechanism underlying treatment of ischemic stroke using acupuncture: transmission and regulation. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:944-954. [PMID: 33229734 PMCID: PMC8178780 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.297061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion is an important cause of neurological damage and repair. After cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, microglia are activated, and a large number of circulating inflammatory cells infiltrate the affected area. This leads to the secretion of inflammatory mediators and an inflammatory cascade that eventually causes secondary brain damage, including neuron necrosis, blood-brain barrier destruction, cerebral edema, and an oxidative stress response. Activation of inflammatory signaling pathways plays a key role in the pathological process of ischemic stroke. Increasing evidence suggests that acupuncture can reduce the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and promote repair of the injured nervous system. Acupuncture can not only inhibit the activation and infiltration of inflammatory cells, but can also regulate the expression of inflammation-related cytokines, balance the effects of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, and interfere with inflammatory signaling pathways. Therefore, it is important to study the transmission and regulatory mechanism of inflammatory signaling pathways after acupuncture treatment for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of this type of injury using acupuncture. Our review summarizes the overall conditions of inflammatory cells, mediators, and pathways after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and discusses the possible synergistic intervention of acupuncture in the inflammatory signaling pathway network to provide a foundation to explore the multiple molecular mechanisms by which acupuncture promotes nerve function restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Qian Cao
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng-Hui Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nan'ao People's Hospital Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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22
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Belskaya GN, Stepanova SB, Makarova LD, Sergienko DA, Krylova LG, Antimonova KV. [Acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of stroke: a review of foreign studies]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOĬ FIZICHESKOĬ KULTURY 2020; 97:68-77. [PMID: 32356637 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20209702168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an alternative and complementary method for treating stroke and a way to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation. The data available in the literature suggest that acupuncture has a beneficial effect on the status of patients with stroke. The mechanism of action of acupuncture for stroke includes the following components: 1) stimulation of neurogenesis and cell proliferation in the CNS; 2) regulation of cerebral blood flow; 3) antiapoptosis; 4) regulation of neurotransmitters; 5) improvement of the neuronal synaptic function, stimulation of long-term potentiation; 6) stimulation of neuroplasticity; and 7) decrease in blood-brain barrier permeability. Acupuncture has been proven to have a positive impact on the restoration of stroke-related dysfunctions, such as motor disorders, spasticity, cognitive impairment, and dysphagia. The most commonly used acupuncture points for the treatment of motor disorders are GV20, GB20, LI4, ST36, SP6, LI11, GB39, and motor scalp area; those for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction are GV20 and EX-HN-1, and those for the treatment of dysphagia are GV20, GV16, and CV23. A review of the literature indicates that studies of the clinical potential of acupuncture in the treatment of complications and the prevention of stroke are insufficient. It is assumed that the international community's recent interest in acupuncture methods used in the treatment of stroke will lead to the emergence of new studies and publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Belskaya
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - S B Stepanova
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - L D Makarova
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D A Sergienko
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - L G Krylova
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - K V Antimonova
- South Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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23
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Li X, Zhao J, Li Z, Zhang L, Huo Z. Applications of Acupuncture Therapy in Modulating the Plasticity of Neurodegenerative Disease and Depression: Do MicroRNA and Neurotrophin BDNF Shed Light on the Underlying Mechanism? Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8850653. [PMID: 33029119 PMCID: PMC7527896 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8850653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases has risen. Furthermore, it has been suggested that depression, especially in elderly people, may also be an indication of latent neurodegeneration. Stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are usually accompanied by depression. The urgent challenge is further enforced by psychiatric comorbid conditions, particularly the feeling of despair in these patients. Fortunately, as our understanding of the neurobiological substrates of maladies affecting the central nervous system (CNS) has increased, more therapeutic options and novel potential biological mechanisms have been presented: (1) Neurodegenerative diseases share some similarities in their pathological characteristics, including changes in neuron structure or function and neuronal plasticity. (2) MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that contribute to the pathogenesis of diverse neurological disease. (3) One ubiquitous neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), is crucial for the development of the nervous system. Accumulating data have indicated that miRNAs not only are related to BDNF regulation but also can directly bind with the 3'-UTR of BDNF to regulate BDNF and participate in neuroplasticity. In this short review, we present evidence of shared biological substrates among stroke, AD, PD, and depression and summarize the possible influencing mechanisms of acupuncture on the neuroplasticity of these diseases. We discuss neuroplasticity underscored by the roles of miRNAs and BDNF, which might further reveal the potential biological mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases and depression by acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zejun Huo
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Peking University 3rd Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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24
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Li Z, Yang M, Lin Y, Liang S, Liu W, Chen B, Huang S, Li J, Tao J, Chen L. Electroacupuncture promotes motor function and functional connectivity in rats with ischemic stroke: an animal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Acupunct Med 2020; 39:146-155. [PMID: 32576025 DOI: 10.1177/0964528420920297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate whether electroacupuncture (EA) treatment at LI11 and ST36 could reduce motor impairments and enhance brain functional recovery in a rat model of ischemic stroke. METHODS A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established. EA at LI11 and ST36 was started at 24 h (MCAO + EA group) after ischemic stroke modeling. Untreated model (MCAO) and sham-operated (Sham) groups were included as controls. The neurological deficits of all groups were assessed using modified neurologic severity scores (mNSS) at 24 h and 14 days after MCAO. To further investigate the effect of EA on infarct volume and brain function, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to estimate the size of the brain lesions and neural activities of each group at 14 days after ischemic stroke. RESULTS EA treatment of MCAO rats led to a significant reduction in the infarct volumes accompanied by functional recovery, reflected in improved mNSS outcomes and motor functional performances. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the left motor cortex and left cerebellum posterior lobe, right motor cortex, left striatum and bilateral sensory cortex were decreased in MCAO group but increased after EA treatment. CONCLUSION EA at LI11 and ST36 could enhance the functional connectivity between the left motor cortex and the motor function-related brain regions, including the motor cortex, sensory cortex and striatum, in rats. EA exhibits potential as a treatment for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuanfang Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fuzhou, China.,Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minguang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, China.,TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunjiao Lin
- TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fuzhou, China.,Xiamen Humanity Rehabilitation Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- Rehabilitation Medical Technology Joint National Local Engineering Research Center, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, China.,TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, China.,TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, China.,TCM Rehabilitation Research Center of SATCM, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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25
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Sha R, Han X, Zheng C, Peng J, Wang L, Chen L, Huang X. The Effects of Electroacupuncture in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Involves MicroRNA-223 and the PTEN Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:10077-10088. [PMID: 31883264 PMCID: PMC6946047 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In China, electroacupuncture (EA) is used to treat the symptoms of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanisms involved in the effects of EA in cerebral ischemia remain to be investigated. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of EA in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Material/Methods Seventy-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: the sham group (with sham surgery), the model group (the MCAO model), the EA group (treated with EA), the EA control group, and the EA+antagomir-223-3p group. Rats in the model of CIRI underwent MCAO for 90 minutes. EA was performed on the second postoperative day and was performed at the Waiguan (TE5) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints. The rat brains were evaluated for structural and molecular markers. Results EA treatment significantly upregulated the expression of microRNA-223 (miR-223), NESTIN, and NOTCH1, and downregulated the expression of PTEN in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and hippocampus. The luciferase reporter assay supported that PTEN was a direct target of miR-223, and antagomiR-223-3p reversed the effects of EA and reduced the increase in NESTIN and inhibition of PTEN expression associated with EA treatment. There was a negative correlation between PTEN expression and the number of neural stem cells (NSCs). Conclusions In a rat model of CIRI following MCAO, EA activated the NOTCH pathway, promoted the expression of miR-223, increased the number of NSCs, and reduced the expression of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sha
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohua Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Caixia Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jiaojiao Peng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Luting Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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26
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Effect of acupotomy on chondrocyte proliferation and expression of CyclinD1, CDK4 and CDK6 in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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27
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Timing of Acupuncture during LTP-Like Plasticity Induced by Paired-Associative Stimulation. Behav Neurol 2019; 2019:9278270. [PMID: 31093303 PMCID: PMC6476134 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9278270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the time-dependent effects of acupuncture on the excitability and long-term potentiation- (LTP-) like plasticity induced by paired-associative stimulation (PAS) over the primary motor cortex (M1). The present examination is the first to report the influence of acupuncture on the motor-evoked potential (MEP) throughout the treatment process, including baseline (before acupuncture), the needle in situ, and the needle removal. Subsequently, the LTP-like plasticity induced by paired-associative stimulation (PAS) was explored, which consisted of 200 pairs of electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the first dorsal interosseous (FDI), followed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the bilateral M1. TMS-MEP amplitudes over the bilateral M1 in resting conditions were measured throughout the whole treatment process. Finally, we confirmed the behavioral measurements. Significant changes were found in both the contralateral and ipsilateral acupuncture sizes as compared to the baseline values. Our results indicated that acupuncture modulated the excitability of M1, and the synaptic plasticity was time-dependent. We concluded that acupuncture should be combined with rehabilitation techniques to improve the motor function in stroke patients. Therefore, we put forward the combined application of the acupuncture timing and rehabilitation for higher therapeutic effectiveness. This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration no. ChiCTR-IPR-1900020515).
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28
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Tan YY, Fang L, Yao FR, Cao DY, Zhang Q. Orexin Receptor-1 in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla Mediates the Antihypertensive Effects of Electroacupuncture. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:282. [PMID: 30971886 PMCID: PMC6443850 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been used to treat numerous diseases, including hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the long-term effect and underlying mechanisms of EA stimulation at the LI11 point on the hypertension and sympathetic nerve activity in two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. EA (0.1–0.4 mA, 2 and 15 Hz) was applied to the acupoints LI11 overlying the deep radial nerve once a day for 6 weeks. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were determined by radiotelemetry, and the sympathetic nerve activity was evaluated by telemetric analyses of the low-frequency component of blood pressure (BP) and by plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels. The results showed 6 weeks of EA significantly lowered the increased BP effectively, inhibited the enhanced sympathetic nerve activities and attenuated cardiac hypertrophy in 2K1C hypertensive rats. The level of orexin receptor-1 (OX1R) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) after EA treatment was markedly reduced in 2K1C rats, while there was no difference in the RVLM expression of orexin receptor-2 (OX2R) in 2K1C and 2K1C+EA rats. Moreover, the increased pressor and depressor responses to microinjection of orexin A or OX1R antagonist SB408124 into the RVLM of 2K1C rats were significantly blunted by the EA treatment. These findings suggest that BP-lowering effect of EA on renovascular hypertension may be through inhibition of central sympathetic activities and modulation of functional orexin receptors in the RVLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Tan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fan-Rong Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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29
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Li ZX, Li Y, Yang WT, Wang M, Xu MB, Zhou XL, Rong PQ, Jin TY, Yi WJ, Zheng GQ. The reporting quality of acupuncture for neurogenesis in experimental ischemic stroke study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:123. [PMID: 31032278 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.02.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence demonstrating the highly inadequate reporting of preclinical research in multiple scientific publications. The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the reporting quality of acupuncture for neurogenesis in animal models of acute ischemic stroke. Methods We searched eight databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP information database, Wanfang data Information Site, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by using the CAMARADES 10-item checklist. The STRICTA statement was modified to gear to animal acupuncture research. The reporting quality was assessed according to the ARRIVE guidelines and the modified STRICTA statement. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results Ultimately, 44 studies containing 2,411 subjects were identified. The overall compliance with the CAMARADES 10-item checklist has a mean of 4.3. The reporting quality indicated that the overall compliance with ARRIVE guidelines has a mean of 59.9% and with the modified STRICTA statement a mean of 71.8%. The findings suggest that the reporting quality of acupuncture for preclinical stroke was generally poor. Conclusions Full compliance with ARRIVE guidelines and/or modified STRICTA statement in designing, conducting and reporting preclinical acupuncture research is urgently needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Xiang Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317500, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317500, China
| | - Meng-Bei Xu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Pei-Qing Rong
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ting-Yu Jin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Wen-Jin Yi
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Wenling Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou 317500, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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30
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Xing Y, Zhang M, Li WB, Dong F, Zhang F. Mechanisms Involved in the Neuroprotection of Electroacupuncture Therapy for Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:929. [PMID: 30618558 PMCID: PMC6297779 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the main causes of death all over the world. As the combination of acupuncture and electric stimulation, electroacupuncutre is a safe and effective therapy, which is commonly applied in ischemic stroke therapy in both experimental studies and clinical settings. The review was performed via searching for related articles in the databases of OVID, PUBMED, and ISI Web of Science from their respective inceptions to May 2018. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of EA for ischemic stroke via a series of factors, consisting of apoptosis related-factors, inflammatory factors, autophagy-related factors, growth factors, transcriptional factors, cannabinoid CB1 receptors, and other factors. In summary, EA stimulation may effectively alleviate ischemic brain injury via a series of signal pathways and various other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Provincial Orthopedic Biomechanics Key Laboratory, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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31
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Xing Y, Wang MM, Feng YS, Dong F, Zhang F. Possible Involvement of PTEN Signaling Pathway in the Anti-apoptotic Effect of Electroacupuncture Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 38:1453-1463. [PMID: 30136167 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a traditional therapeutic method, electroacupuncture (EA) has been adopted as an alternative therapy for stroke recovery. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether EA therapy at points of Quchi (LI11) and Zusanli (ST36) alleviated neuronal apoptosis by PTEN signaling pathway after ischemic stroke. A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups, including sham group, MCAO group, and EA group. EA was initiated after 24 h of reperfusion for 3 consecutive days. At 72 h following ischemia/reperfusion, neurological deficits, infarct volumes, and TUNEL staining were evaluated and the PTEN pathway-related proteins together with apoptosis-related proteins were detected. The results indicated that EA treatment significantly decreased cerebral infarct volume, neurological deficits and alleviated proportion of apoptotic cells in cerebral ischemic rats. Furthermore, EA significantly up-regulated the phosphorylation levels of PDK1, Akt(Thr308), GSK-3β, and down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of PTEN, Akt(Ser473) in the peri-infarct cortex. EA treatment significantly reduced the up-regulation of caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, Bim, and reversed the reduction of Bcl-2 induced by the ischemic stroke. These findings suggest that EA treatment at points of Quchi (LI11)- and Zusanli (ST36)-induced neuroprotection might involve inhibition of apoptosis via PTEN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Shuo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Tan F, Wang J, Liu JX, Wang C, Li M, Gu Y. Electroacupuncture stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4943-4950. [PMID: 30542450 PMCID: PMC6257304 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) may stimulate neurogenesis in animal models of ischemic stroke; however, the associated mechanisms are not clear. The present study aimed to evaluate the neurogenesis efficacy of EA on ischemic stroke and the underlying associated mechanisms. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was employed as the rat model of brain ischemia and reperfusion. EA treatment at the GV20 (Baihui) and GV14 (Dazhui) acupoints was conducted for 30 min daily following MCAO. Immunofluorescence was performed to measure the number of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/nestin- or BrdU/doublecortin (DCX)-positive cells in the sham, MCAO and MCAO + EA groups. Results indicated that EA stimulation significantly decreased the neurological score and neuronal loss in rats in the MCAO group (both P<0.05). Furthermore, immunostaining assays indicated that BrdU/nestin- and BrdU/DCX-positive cells in EA-treated rats were significantly increased (P<0.05) when compared with the rats in the MCAO group, indicating EA may induce the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells (eNSCs) during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. In addition, EA treatment significantly enhanced the protein expression levels of plasticity-related gene 5 (PRG5), a critical neurogenesis factor, and significantly decreased the protein expression levels of three neurogenesis inhibiting molecules, NogoA, lysophosphatidic acid and RhoA (all P<0.05). These results suggested that EA promotes the proliferation and differentiation of eNSCs, likely through modulating PRG5/RhoA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tan
- Department of Neurology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medical, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Miaodan Li
- Department of Neurology, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Neurology, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Liang S, Jiang X, Zhang Q, Duan S, Zhang T, Huang Q, Sun X, Liu H, Dong J, Liu W, Tao J, Zhao S, Nie B, Chen L, Shan B. Abnormal Metabolic Connectivity in Rats at the Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke. Neurosci Bull 2018; 34:715-724. [PMID: 30083891 PMCID: PMC6129253 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-018-0266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke at the acute stage is a major cause of disability in adults, and is associated with dysfunction of brain networks. However, the mechanisms underlying changes in brain connectivity in stroke are far from fully elucidated. In the present study, we investigated brain metabolism and metabolic connectivity in a rat ischemic stroke model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at the acute stage using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Voxel-wise analysis showed decreased metabolism mainly in the ipsilesional hemisphere, and increased metabolism mainly in the contralesional cerebellum. We used further metabolic connectivity analysis to explore the brain metabolic network in MCAO. Compared to sham controls, rats with MCAO showed most significantly reduced nodal and local efficiency in the ipsilesional striatum. In addition, the MCAO group showed decreased metabolic central connection of the ipsilesional striatum with the ipsilesional cerebellum, ipsilesional hippocampus, and bilateral hypothalamus. Taken together, the present study demonstrated abnormal metabolic connectivity in rats at the acute stage of ischemic stroke, which might provide insight into clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Liang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xi Sun
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shujun Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Baoci Shan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Tida JA, Catalão CHR, Garcia CAB, Dos Santos AC, Salmon CEG, Lopes LDS. Acupuncture at ST36 exerts neuroprotective effects via inhibition of reactive astrogliosis in infantile rats with hydrocephalus. Acupunct Med 2018; 36:386-393. [PMID: 30143513 DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2017-011515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture has been associated with improved cerebral circulation, analgesia, neuromodulatory function and neurogenesis. In particular, acupuncture at ST36 has been widely used in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. However, its effects on hydrocephalus have not been studied. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture at ST36 on behaviour, motor development and reactive astrogliosis in infantile rats with hydrocephalus. METHODS Hydrocephalus was induced in sixteen 7-day-old pup rats by injection of 20% kaolin into the cisterna magna. One day after hydrocephalus induction, acupuncture was applied once daily (for 30 min) for a total of 21 days in eight randomly selected animals (HAc group) while the remaining eight remained untreated (H group). An additional eight healthy animals were included as controls (C group). All animals were weighed daily and, from the fifth day after hydrocephalus induction, underwent MRI to determine the ventricular ratio (VR). Rats were also exposed to modified open-field tests every 3 days until the end of the experiment. After 21 days all the animals were euthanased and their brains removed for histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Hydrocephalic rats showed an increase in VR when compared with control rats (P<0.01). In addition, these animals exhibited delayed weight gain, which was attenuated with acupuncture treatment. Hydrocephalic animals treated with acupuncture performed better in open field tests (P<0.05), and had a reduction in reactive astrocyte cell density in the corpus callosum and external capsule, as assessed by GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) immunohistochemistry (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that acupuncture at ST36 has a neuroprotective potential mediated, in part, by inhibition of astrogliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Atsuko Tida
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Minas Gerais State University, Passos, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Araújo Bernardino Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ernesto Garrido Salmon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Languages of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiza da Silva Lopes
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Park JY, Namgung U. Electroacupuncture therapy in inflammation regulation: current perspectives. J Inflamm Res 2018; 11:227-237. [PMID: 29844696 PMCID: PMC5963483 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s141198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although acupuncture therapy is increasingly used to treat diverse symptoms and disorders in humans, its underlying mechanism is not known well. Only recently have experimental studies begun to provide insights into how acupuncture stimulation generates and relates to pathophysiological responsiveness. Acupuncture intervention is frequently used to control pathologic symptoms in several visceral organs, and a growing number of studies using experimental animal models suggest that acupuncture stimulation may be involved in inducing anti-inflammatory responses. The vagus nerve, a principal parasympathetic nerve connecting neurons in the central nervous system to cardiovascular systems and a majority of visceral organs, is known to modulate neuroimmune communication and anti-inflammatory responses in target organs. Here, we review a broad range of experimental studies demonstrating anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture in pathologic animal models of cardiovascular and visceral organs and also ischemic brains. Then, we provide recent progress on the role of autonomic nerve activity in anti-inflammation mediated by electroacupuncture. We also discuss a perspective on the role of sensory signals generated by acupuncture stimulation, which may induce a neural code unique to acupuncture in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeun Park
- Department of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Uk Namgung
- Department of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Therapeutic Potential of a Combination of Electroacupuncture and TrkB-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:157-173. [PMID: 29682700 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We prepared and grafted tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells (TrkB-MSCs) into the ischemic penumbra and investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) treatment could promote functional recovery from ischemic stroke. For the behavioral test, TrkB-MSCs+EA resulted in significantly improved motor function compared to that obtained with MSCs+EA or TrkB-MSCs alone. At 30 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), the largest number of grafted MSCs was detected in the TrkB-MSC+EA group. Some differentiation into immature neuroblasts and astrocytes was detected; however, only a few mature neuron-like cells were found. Compared to other treatments, TrkB-MSCs+EA upregulated the expression of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT4) and induced the activation of TrkB receptor and its transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). At 60 days after MCAO, EA highly promoted the differentiation of TrkB-MSCs into mature neuron-like cells compared to the effect in MSCs. A selective TrkB antagonist, ANA-12, reverted the effect of TrkB-MSCs+EA in motor function recovery and survival of grafted MSCs. Our results suggest that EA combined with grafted TrkB-MSCs promotes the expression of BDNF and NT4, induces the differentiation of TrkB-MSCs, and improves motor function. TrkB-MSCs could serve as effective therapeutic agents for ischemic stroke if used in combination with BDNF/NT4-inducing therapeutic approaches.
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Combination of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy with Electroacupuncture Improves Functional Recovery following Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8638294. [PMID: 29568769 PMCID: PMC5820667 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8638294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim Neonatal hypoxic-ischemia (HI) due to insufficient oxygen supply and blood flow during the prenatal and postnatal periods can cause cerebral palsy, a serious developmental condition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of combining constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and electroacupuncture to treat rat neonatal HI brain injury. Methods The left common carotid arteries of postnatal day 7 rats were ligated to induce HI brain injury, and the neonates were kept in a hypoxia chamber containing 8% oxygen for 2 hrs. Electroacupuncture at Baihui (GV 20) and Zusanli (ST 36) was performed concurrently with CIMT 3 weeks after HI induction for 4 weeks. Results Motor asymmetry after HI was significantly improved in the CIMT and electroacupuncture combination group, but HI lesion size was not improved. The combination of CIMT and electroacupuncture after HI injury increases NeuN and decreases GFAP levels in the cerebral cortex, suggesting that this combination treatment inversely regulates neurons and astrocytes. In addition, the combination treatment group reduced the level of cleaved caspase-3, a crucial mediator of apoptosis, in the cortex. Conclusions Our findings indicate that a combination of CIMT and electroacupuncture is an effective method to treat hemiplegia due to neonatal HI brain injury.
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Potential benefits of mesenchymal stem cells and electroacupuncture on the trophic factors associated with neurogenesis in mice with ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2044. [PMID: 29391466 PMCID: PMC5794924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and electroacupuncture (EA) on neurogenesis and related trophic factors remain unclear. Bone marrow MSCs (mBMSC) were transplanted into the striatum of mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and EA stimulation was applied at two acupoints, Baihui and Dazhui. EA treatment significantly improved motor function, and a synergistic effect of combined mBMSC and EA treatment was observed. Combined mBMSC and EA treatment reduced prominent atrophic changes in the striatum and led to proliferation of neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the surrounding areas of the striatum (SVZ + striatum) of MCAO mice. The mBMSC and EA treatment markedly enhanced mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) expression in the SVZ + striatum and hippocampus of mice with MCAO, and combined treatment enhanced neurotrophin-4 (NT4) expression. The number of mBDNF- and NT4-positive neurons in the SVZ + striatum and hippocampus increased following EA treatment. Combined treatment led to an increase in the expression levels of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein in the neuroblasts of the striatum. Our results indicate that combined MSC and EA treatment may lead to a better therapeutic effect via co-regulation of neurotrophic factors in the brain, by regulating neurogenesis more than single therapy.
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Abstract
Acupuncture is potentially beneficial for post-stroke rehabilitation and is considered a promising preventive strategy for stroke. Electroacupuncture pretreatment or treatment after ischemic stroke by using appropriate electroacupuncture parameters generates neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects that increase cerebral blood flow, regulate oxidative stress, attenuate glutamate excitotoxicity, maintain blood-brain barrier integrity, inhibit apoptosis, increase growth factor production, and induce cerebral ischemic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qwang-Yuen Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Lin Shin Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, China
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, China
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, China
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Lee HI, Lee SW, Kim NG, Park KJ, Choi BT, Shin YI, Shin HK. Low-level light emitting diode therapy promotes long-term functional recovery after experimental stroke in mice. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:1761-1771. [PMID: 28464523 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of low-level light emitting diode therapy (LED-T) on the long-term functional outcomes after cerebral ischemia, and the optimal timing of LED-T initiation for achieving suitable functional recovery. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in mice via photothrombosis. These mice were assigned to a sham-operated (control), ischemic (vehicle), or LED-T group [initiation immediately (acute), 4 days (subacute) or 10 days (delayed) after ischemia, followed by once-daily treatment for 7 days]. Behavioral outcomes were assessed 21 and 28 days post-ischemia, and histopathological analysis was performed 28 days post-ischemia. The acute and subacute LED-T groups showed a significant improvement in motor function up to 28 days post-ischemia, although no brain atrophy recovery was noted. We observed proliferating cells (BrdU+ ) in the ischemic brain, and significant increases in BrdU+ /GFAP+ , BrdU+ /DCX+ , BrdU+ /NeuN+ , and CD31+ cells in the subacute LED-T group. However, the BrdU+ /Iba-1+ cell count was reduced in the subacute LED-T group. Furthermore, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was significantly upregulated in the subacute LED-T group. We concluded that LED-T administered during the subacute stage had a positive impact on the long-term functional outcome, probably via neuron and astrocyte proliferation, blood vessel reconstruction, and increased BDNF expression. Picture: The rotarod test for motor coordination showed that acute and subacute LED-T improves long-term functional recovery after cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae In Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Won Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Gyun Kim
- Medical Research Center of Color Seven, Seoul, 06719, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jun Park
- Medical Research Center of Color Seven, Seoul, 06719, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Tae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 50612, Republic of Korea
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Mechanisms of Acupuncture Therapy in Ischemic Stroke Rehabilitation: A Literature Review of Basic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112270. [PMID: 29143805 PMCID: PMC5713240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an alternative and complementary strategy for stroke treatment and for improving stroke care. Clinical trial and meta-analysis findings have demonstrated the efficacy of acupuncture in improving balance function, reducing spasticity, and increasing muscle strength and general well-being post-stroke. The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of acupuncture in stroke rehabilitation remain unclear. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review, summarize the current known mechanisms in ischemic stroke rehabilitation through acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA) therapy, and to detail the frequently used acupoints implicated in these effects. The evidence in this review indicates that five major different mechanisms are involved in the beneficial effects of acupuncture/EA on ischemic stroke rehabilitation: (1) Promotion of neurogenesis and cell proliferation in the central nervous system (CNS); (2) Regulation of cerebral blood flow in the ischemic area; (3) Anti-apoptosis in the ischemic area; (4) Regulation of neurochemicals; and, (5) Improvement of impaired long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory after stroke. The most frequently used acupoints in basic studies include Baihui (GV20), Zusanli (ST36), Quchi (LI11), Shuigou (GV26), Dazhui (GV14), and Hegu (LI4). Our findings show that acupuncture exerts a beneficial effect on ischemic stroke through modulation of different mechanisms originating in the CNS.
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Huang J, You X, Liu W, Song C, Lin X, Zhang X, Tao J, Chen L. Electroacupuncture ameliorating post-stroke cognitive impairments via inhibition of peri-infarct astroglial and microglial/macrophage P2 purinoceptors-mediated neuroinflammation and hyperplasia. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:480. [PMID: 29017492 PMCID: PMC5635586 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1974-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background During ischemic stroke (IS), adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is released from damaged nerve cells of the infract core region to the extracellular space, invoking peri-infarct glial cellular P2 purinoceptors singling, and causing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, which is likely to initiate or aggravate motor and cognitive impairment. It has been proved that electroacupuncture (EA) is an effective and safe strategy used in anti-inflammation. However, EA for the role of purine receptors in the central nervous system has not yet been reported. Methods Ischemia-reperfusion injured rat model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). EA treatment at the DU 20 and DU 24 acupoints treatment were conducted to rats from the 12 h after MCAO/R injury for consecutive 7 days. The neurological outcomes, infarction volumes and the level of astroglial and microglial/macrophage hyperplasia, inflammatory cytokine and P2X7R and P2Y1R expression in the peri-infarct hippocampal CA1and sensorimotor cortex were investigated after IS to evaluate the MCAO/R model and therapeutic mechanism of EA treatment. Results EA effectively reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as evidenced by reduction in astroglial and microglial/macrophage hyperplasia and the levels of P2X7R and ED1, P2X7R and GFAP, P2Y1R and ED1, P2Y1R and GFAP co-expression in peri-infarct hippocampal CA1 and sensorimotor cortex compared with that of MCAO/R model and Non-EA treatment, accompanied by the improved neurological deficit and the motor and memory impairment outcomes. Therefore, our data support the hypothesis that EA could exert its anti-inflammatory effect via inhibiting the astroglial and microglial/macrophage P2 purinoceptors (P2X7R and P2Y1R)-mediated neuroinflammation after MCAO/R injury. Conclusion Astroglial and microglial/macrophage P2 purinoceptors-mediated neuroinflammation and hyperplasia in peri-infarct hippocampal CA1 and sensorimotor cortex were attenuated by EA treatment after ischemic stroke accompanied by the improved motor and memory behavior performance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-017-1974-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Shin HK, Lee SW, Choi BT. Modulation of neurogenesis via neurotrophic factors in acupuncture treatments for neurological diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 141:132-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wu J, Lin B, Liu W, Huang J, Shang G, Lin Y, Wang L, Chen L, Tao J. Roles of electro-acupuncture in glucose metabolism as assessed by 18F-FDG/PET imaging and AMPKα phosphorylation in rats with ischemic stroke. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:875-882. [PMID: 28713979 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted energy metabolism balance contributes to neural survival during ischemic stroke. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that electro‑acupuncture (EA) can enhance cerebral glucose metabolism assessed by 18F‑fluorodeoxyglucose/positron emission tomography (18F‑FDG/PET) imaging to prevent propagation of tissue damage and improve neurological outcome in rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion injury. Rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and received EA treatment at the LI11 and ST36 acupoints or non‑acupoint treatment once a day for 7 days. After EA treatment, a significant reduction in the infarct volume was determined by T2‑weighted imaging, accompanied by the functional recovery in CatWalk and Rota-rod performance. Moreover, EA promoted higher glucose metabolism in the caudate putamen (CPu), motor cortex (MCTX), somatosensory cortex (SCTX) regions as assessed by animal 18F‑FDG/PET imaging, suggesting that three‑brain regional neural activity was enhanced by EA. In addition, the AMP‑activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in the CPu, MCTX and SCTX regions was phosphorylated at threonine 172 (Thr172) after ischemic injury; however, phosphorylation of AMPK was further increased by EA. These results indicate that EA could promote AMPKα phosphorylation of the CPu, MCTX and SCTX regions to enhance neural activity and motor functional recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Guanhao Shang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yunjiao Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Liang S, Lin Y, Lin B, Li J, Liu W, Chen L, Zhao S, Tao J. Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of Brain Functional Activity in Rats with Ischemic Stroke Treated by Electro-acupuncture. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017; 26:1953-1959. [PMID: 28687422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment at acupoints of Zusanli (ST 36) and Quchi (LI 11) could reduce motor impairments and enhance brain functional recovery in rats with ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established. EA at ST 36 and LI 11was started at 24 hours (MCAO + EA group) after ischemic stroke. The nontreatment (MCAO) and sham-operated control (SC) groups were included as controls. The neurologic deficits of all groups were assessed by Zea Longa scores and the modified neurologic severity scores on 24 hours and 8 days after MCAO. To further investigate the effect of EA on infract volume and brain function, magnetic resonance imaging was used to estimate the brain lesion and brain neural activities of each group at 8 days after ischemic stroke. RESULTS Within 1 week after EA treatment, the neurologic deficits were significantly alleviated, and the cerebral infarctions were improved, including visual cortex, motor cortex, striatum, dorsal thalamus, and hippocampus. Furthermore, whole brain neural activities of auditory cortex, lateral nucleus group of dorsal thalamus, hippocampus, motor cortex, orbital cortex, sensory cortex, and striatum were decreased in MCAO group, whereas that of brain neural activities were increased after EA treatment, suggesting these brain regions are in accordance with the brain structure analysis. CONCLUSION EA at ST 36 and LI 11 could enhance the neural activity of motor function-related brain regions, including motor cortex, dorsal thalamus, and striatum in rats, which is a potential treatment for ischemia stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Liang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China; Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjiao Lin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Lin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shujun Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
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46
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Mechanisms of Acupuncture Therapy for Cerebral Ischemia: an Evidence-Based Review of Clinical and Animal Studies on Cerebral Ischemia. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2017; 12:575-592. [DOI: 10.1007/s11481-017-9747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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47
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Cardioprotection of Electroacupuncture for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery on Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Control Clinical Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6243630. [PMID: 28298935 PMCID: PMC5337396 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6243630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We attempted to investigate cardioprotection of electroacupuncture (EA) for enhanced recovery after surgery on patients undergoing heart valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass. Forty-four patients with acquired heart valve replacement were randomly allocated to the EA group or the control group. Patients in the EA group received EA stimulus at bilateral Neiguan (PC6), Ximen (PC4), Shenting (GV24), and Baihui (GV20) acupoints twenty minutes before anesthesia induction to the end of surgery. The primary end point was cardioprotection effect of electroacupuncture postoperatively and the secondary endpoints were quality of recovery and cognitive functioning postoperatively. The present study demonstrated that electroacupuncture reduced the occurrence of complications and played a role of cardioprotective effect on patients after heart valve replacement surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, and it benefits patients more comfortable and contributes to recovery after surgery. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOC-16009123.
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48
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Acupuncture ameliorates inflammatory response in a chronic unpredictable stress rat model of depression. Brain Res Bull 2017; 128:106-112. [PMID: 27915092 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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49
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Chen Y, Lei Y, Mo LQ, Li J, Wang MH, Wei JC, Zhou J. Electroacupuncture pretreatment with different waveforms prevents brain injury in rats subjected to cecal ligation and puncture via inhibiting microglial activation, and attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Brain Res Bull 2016; 127:248-259. [PMID: 27771396 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study was to investigate the protective effects of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment with different waveforms on septic brain injury in rats and its mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated by EA with different waveforms (continuous wave, dilatational wave, or intermittent wave) at Baihui (GV20) and Tsusanli (ST36) acupoints for 30min, and underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or sham operation. The results showed that EA pretreatment with different waveforms improved survival rate, attenuated encephaledema, brain injury, neuronal apoptosis and cognitive dysfunction, and preserved blood-brain barrier (BBB). EA pretreatment decreased the production of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and hippocampus at 48h after sham or CLP operation. Additionally, EA pretreatment downregulated the expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba 1). The effect of dilatational wave was the most significant, followed by intermittent wave, and continuous wave was relatively poor. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that EA pretreatment with three waveforms alleviates sepsis-induced brain injury by inhibition of microglial activation and attenuation of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings suggest that EA pretreatment with dilatational wave at Baihui and Tsusanli acupoints might be a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving septic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Qun Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Mao-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ji-Cheng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
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50
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Luo P, Chen C, Lu Y, Fu T, Lu Q, Xu X, Li C, He Z, Guo L. Baclofen ameliorates spatial working memory impairments induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via up-regulation of HCN2 expression in the PFC in rats. Behav Brain Res 2016; 308:6-13. [PMID: 27085590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) causes memory deficits and increases the risk of vascular dementia (VD) through several biologically plausible pathways. However, whether CCH causes prefrontal cortex (PFC)-dependent spatial working memory impairments and Baclofen, a GABAB receptor agonist, could ameliorate the impairments is still not clear especially the mechanisms underlying the process. In this study, rats were subjected to permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (two-vessel occlusion, 2VO) to induce CCH. Two weeks later, rats were treated with 25mg/kg Baclofen (intraperitioneal injection, i.p.) for 3 weeks. Spatial working memory was evaluated in a Morris water maze using a modified delayed matching-to-place (DMP) procedure. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to quantify the protein levels and protein localization. Our results showed that 2VO caused striking spatial working memory impairments, accompanied with a decreased HCN2 expression in PFC, but the protein levels of protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5, a neuron specific protein), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin (SYP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), parvalbumin (PV) and HCN1 were not distinguishably changed as compared with sham-operated rats. Baclofen treatment significantly improved the spatial working memory impairments caused by 2VO, accompanied with a reversion of 2VO-induced down-regulation of HCN2. Furthermore, there was a co-localization of HCN2 subunits and parvalbumin-positive neurons in PFC. Therefore, HCN2 may target inhibitory interneurons that is implicated in working memory processes, which may be a possible mechanism of the up-regulation of HCN2 by Baclofen treatment that reliefs spatial working memory deficits in rats with CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - TianLi Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xulin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi He
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Medical School of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Lianjun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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