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Tang J, Feng M, Wang D, Zhang L, Yang K. Recent advancement of sonogenetics: A promising noninvasive cellular manipulation by ultrasound. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101112. [PMID: 38947740 PMCID: PMC11214298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in biomedical research have underscored the importance of noninvasive cellular manipulation techniques. Sonogenetics, a method that uses genetic engineering to produce ultrasound-sensitive proteins in target cells, is gaining prominence along with optogenetics, electrogenetics, and magnetogenetics. Upon stimulation with ultrasound, these proteins trigger a cascade of cellular activities and functions. Unlike traditional ultrasound modalities, sonogenetics offers enhanced spatial selectivity, improving precision and safety in disease treatment. This technology broadens the scope of non-surgical interventions across a wide range of clinical research and therapeutic applications, including neuromodulation, oncologic treatments, stem cell therapy, and beyond. Although current literature predominantly emphasizes ultrasonic neuromodulation, this review offers a comprehensive exploration of sonogenetics. We discuss ultrasound properties, the specific ultrasound-sensitive proteins employed in sonogenetics, and the technique's potential in managing conditions such as neurological disorders, cancer, and ophthalmic diseases, and in stem cell therapies. Our objective is to stimulate fresh perspectives for further research in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mingxuan Feng
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing 400014, China
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2
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Feng R, Sheng H, Lian Y. Advances in using ultrasound to regulate the nervous system. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2997-3006. [PMID: 38436788 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound is a mechanical vibration with a frequency greater than 20 kHz. Due to its high spatial resolution, good directionality, and convenient operation in neural regulation, it has recently received increasing attention from scientists. However, the mechanism by which ultrasound regulates the nervous system is still unclear. This article mainly explores the possible mechanisms of ultrasound's mechanical effects, cavitation effects, thermal effects, and the rise of sonogenetics. In addition, the essence of action potential and its relationship with ultrasound were also discussed. Traditional theory treats nerve impulses as pure electrical signals, similar to cable theory. However, this theory cannot explain the phenomenon of inductance and cell membrane bulging out during the propagation of action potential. Therefore, the flexoelectric effect of cell membrane and soliton model reveal that action potential may also be a mechanical wave. Finally, we also elaborated the therapeutic effect of ultrasound on nervous system disease such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanqing Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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3
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Hu Z, Yang Y, Yang L, Gong Y, Chukwu C, Ye D, Yue Y, Yuan J, Kravitz AV, Chen H. Airy-beam holographic sonogenetics for advancing neuromodulation precision and flexibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2402200121. [PMID: 38885384 PMCID: PMC11214095 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2402200121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancing our understanding of brain function and developing treatments for neurological diseases hinge on the ability to modulate neuronal groups in specific brain areas without invasive techniques. Here, we introduce Airy-beam holographic sonogenetics (AhSonogenetics) as an implant-free, cell type-specific, spatially precise, and flexible neuromodulation approach in freely moving mice. AhSonogenetics utilizes wearable ultrasound devices manufactured using 3D-printed Airy-beam holographic metasurfaces. These devices are designed to manipulate neurons genetically engineered to express ultrasound-sensitive ion channels, enabling precise modulation of specific neuronal populations. By dynamically steering the focus of Airy beams through ultrasound frequency tuning, AhSonogenetics is capable of modulating neuronal populations within specific subregions of the striatum. One notable feature of AhSonogenetics is its ability to flexibly stimulate either the left or right striatum in a single mouse. This flexibility is achieved by simply switching the acoustic metasurface in the wearable ultrasound device, eliminating the need for multiple implants or interventions. AhSonogentocs also integrates seamlessly with in vivo calcium recording via fiber photometry, showcasing its compatibility with optical modalities without cross talk. Moreover, AhSonogenetics can generate double foci for bilateral stimulation and alleviate motor deficits in Parkinson's disease mice. This advancement is significant since many neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, involve dysfunction in multiple brain regions. By enabling precise and flexible cell type-specific neuromodulation without invasive procedures, AhSonogenetics provides a powerful tool for investigating intact neural circuits and offers promising interventions for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Yaoheng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Leqi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Chinwendu Chukwu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Dezhuang Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Yimei Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Jinyun Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
| | - Alexxai V. Kravitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO63110
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO63130
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO63110
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO63110
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4
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Zhu P, Simon I, Kokalari I, Kohane DS, Rwei AY. Miniaturized therapeutic systems for ultrasound-modulated drug delivery to the central and peripheral nervous system. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115275. [PMID: 38442747 PMCID: PMC11031353 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound is a promising technology to address challenges in drug delivery, including limited drug penetration across physiological barriers and ineffective targeting. Here we provide an overview of the significant advances made in recent years in overcoming technical and pharmacological barriers using ultrasound-assisted drug delivery to the central and peripheral nervous system. We commence by exploring the fundamental principles of ultrasound physics and its interaction with tissue. The mechanisms of ultrasonic-enhanced drug delivery are examined, as well as the relevant tissue barriers. We highlight drug transport through such tissue barriers utilizing insonation alone, in combination with ultrasound contrast agents (e.g., microbubbles), and through innovative particulate drug delivery systems. Furthermore, we review advances in systems and devices for providing therapeutic ultrasound, as their practicality and accessibility are crucial for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pancheng Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands; State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 210016, Nanjing, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ignasi Simon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Ida Kokalari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel S Kohane
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Alina Y Rwei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands.
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5
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Tonko JB, Lambiase PD. The proarrhythmogenic role of autonomics and emerging neuromodulation approaches to prevent sudden death in cardiac ion channelopathies. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:114-131. [PMID: 38195920 PMCID: PMC10936753 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias in cardiac channelopathies are linked to autonomic triggers, which are sub-optimally targeted in current management strategies. Improved molecular understanding of cardiac channelopathies and cellular autonomic signalling could refine autonomic therapies to target the specific signalling pathways relevant to the specific aetiologies as well as the central nervous system centres involved in the cardiac autonomic regulation. This review summarizes key anatomical and physiological aspects of the cardiac autonomic nervous system and its impact on ventricular arrhythmias in primary inherited arrhythmia syndromes. Proarrhythmogenic autonomic effects and potential therapeutic targets in defined conditions including the Brugada syndrome, early repolarization syndrome, long QT syndrome, and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia will be examined. Pharmacological and interventional neuromodulation options for these cardiac channelopathies are discussed. Promising new targets for cardiac neuromodulation include inhibitory and excitatory G-protein coupled receptors, neuropeptides, chemorepellents/attractants as well as the vagal and sympathetic nuclei in the central nervous system. Novel therapeutic strategies utilizing invasive and non-invasive deep brain/brain stem stimulation as well as the rapidly growing field of chemo-, opto-, or sonogenetics allowing cell-specific targeting to reduce ventricular arrhythmias are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna B Tonko
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, London, UK
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JF, London, UK
- Department for Cardiology, Bart’s Heart Centre, West Smithfield EC1A 7BE, London, UK
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6
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Hou X, Jing J, Jiang Y, Huang X, Xian Q, Lei T, Zhu J, Wong KF, Zhao X, Su M, Li D, Liu L, Qiu Z, Sun L. Nanobubble-actuated ultrasound neuromodulation for selectively shaping behavior in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2253. [PMID: 38480733 PMCID: PMC10937988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound is an acoustic wave which can noninvasively penetrate the skull to deep brain regions, enabling neuromodulation. However, conventional ultrasound's spatial resolution is diffraction-limited and low-precision. Here, we report acoustic nanobubble-mediated ultrasound stimulation capable of localizing ultrasound's effects to only the desired brain region in male mice. By varying the delivery site of nanobubbles, ultrasound could activate specific regions of the mouse motor cortex, evoking EMG signaling and limb movement, and could also, separately, activate one of two nearby deep brain regions to elicit distinct behaviors (freezing or rotation). Sonicated neurons displayed reversible, low-latency calcium responses and increased c-Fos expression in the sub-millimeter-scale region with nanobubbles present. Ultrasound stimulation of the relevant region also modified depression-like behavior in a mouse model. We also provide evidence of a role for mechanosensitive ion channels. Altogether, our treatment scheme allows spatially-targetable, repeatable and temporally-precise activation of deep brain circuits for neuromodulation without needing genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuandi Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jianing Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Yizhou Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Quanxiang Xian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Jiejun Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin, Zhuhai, 519031, Guangdong, China
| | - Kin Fung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Danni Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Langzhou Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Zhihai Qiu
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin, Zhuhai, 519031, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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7
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Wang W, Kevin Tang KW, Pyatnitskiy I, Liu X, Shi X, Huo D, Jeong J, Wynn T, Sangani A, Baker A, Hsieh JC, Lozano AR, Artman B, Fenno L, Buch VP, Wang H. Ultrasound-Induced Cascade Amplification in a Mechanoluminescent Nanotransducer for Enhanced Sono-Optogenetic Deep Brain Stimulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24936-24946. [PMID: 38096422 PMCID: PMC10932741 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Remote and genetically targeted neuromodulation in the deep brain is important for understanding and treatment of neurological diseases. Ultrasound-triggered mechanoluminescent technology offers a promising approach for achieving remote and genetically targeted brain modulation. However, its application has thus far been limited to shallow brain depths due to challenges related to low sonochemical reaction efficiency and restricted photon yields. Here we report a cascaded mechanoluminescent nanotransducer to achieve efficient light emission upon ultrasound stimulation. As a result, blue light was generated under ultrasound stimulation with a subsecond response latency. Leveraging the high energy transfer efficiency of focused ultrasound in brain tissue and the high sensitivity to ultrasound of these mechanoluminescent nanotransducers, we are able to show efficient photon delivery and activation of ChR2-expressing neurons in both the superficial motor cortex and deep ventral tegmental area after intracranial injection. Our liposome nanotransducers enable minimally invasive deep brain stimulation for behavioral control in animals via a flexible, mechanoluminescent sono-optogenetic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kai Wing Kevin Tang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ilya Pyatnitskiy
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xi Shi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - David Huo
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jinmo Jeong
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Thomas Wynn
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Arjun Sangani
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrew Baker
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Ju-Chun Hsieh
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Anakaren Romero Lozano
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brinkley Artman
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Lief Fenno
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vivek P Buch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, United States
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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8
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Schafer SF, Croke H, Kriete A, Ayaz H, Lewin PA, von Reyn CR, Schafer ME. A Miniature Ultrasound Source for Neural Modulation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2023; 70:1544-1553. [PMID: 37812556 PMCID: PMC10751802 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2023.3322963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a unique ultrasound (US) exposure system designed to create very localized ( [Formula: see text]) sound fields at operating frequencies that are currently being used for preclinical US neuromodulation. This system can expose small clusters of neuronal tissue, such as cell cultures or intact brain structures in target animal models, opening up opportunities to examine possible mechanisms of action. We modified a dental descaler and drove it at a resonance frequency of 96 kHz, well above its nominal operating point of 28 kHz. A ceramic microtip from an ultrasonic wire bonder was attached to the end of the applicator, creating a 100- [Formula: see text] point source. The device was calibrated with a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane hydrophone, in a novel, air-backed, configuration. The experimental results were confirmed by simulation using a monopole model. The results show a consistent decaying sound field from the tip, well-suited to neural stimulation. The system was tested on an existing neurological model, Drosophila melanogaster, which has not previously been used for US neuromodulation experiments. The results show brain-directed US stimulation induces or suppresses motor actions, demonstrated through synchronized tracking of fly limb movements. These results provide the basis for ongoing and future studies of US interaction with neuronal tissue, both at the level of single neurons and intact organisms.
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9
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Liu P, Foiret J, Situ Y, Zhang N, Kare AJ, Wu B, Raie MN, Ferrara KW, Qi LS. Sonogenetic control of multiplexed genome regulation and base editing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6575. [PMID: 37852951 PMCID: PMC10584809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Manipulating gene expression in the host genome with high precision is crucial for controlling cellular function and behavior. Here, we present a precise, non-invasive, and tunable strategy for controlling the expression of multiple endogenous genes both in vitro and in vivo, utilizing ultrasound as the stimulus. By engineering a hyper-efficient dCas12a and effector under a heat shock promoter, we demonstrate a system that can be inducibly activated through thermal energy produced by ultrasound absorption. This system allows versatile thermal induction of gene activation or base editing across cell types, including primary T cells, and enables multiplexed gene activation using a single guide RNA array. In mouse models, localized temperature elevation guided by high-intensity focused ultrasound effectively triggers reporter gene expression in implanted cells. Our work underscores the potential of ultrasound as a clinically viable approach to enhance cell and gene-based therapies via precision genome and epigenome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Josquin Foiret
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yinglin Situ
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nisi Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aris J Kare
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Wu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina N Raie
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine W Ferrara
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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10
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Yong W, He D, Chen T, Rui Z, Wen Y, Wong KF, Sun L, Qi X, Guo J. Activation of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor contributed to the ultrasonic modulation of neurons in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 676:42-47. [PMID: 37481942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound stimulation is increasingly used to investigate brain function and treat brain diseases due to its high level of safety and precise spatiotemporal resolution. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in ultrasound brain stimulation. In this study, we investigate the role of NMDA receptors in mediating the effects of ultrasound on primary hippocampal neurons in mice. Our results show that ultrasound alone can activate heterologous NMDA receptor subunits, including NR1A, NR2A, and NR2B, in 293T cells, as well as endogenous NMDA receptors in primary neurons. This activation leads to an influx of calcium and an increase in nuclear c-Fos expression in primary neurons that have not been pre-treated with an NMDA receptor inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that NMDA receptors contribute to neuronal activation by ultrasound stimulation in vitro, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of ultrasound neuromodulation and a new mediator for the sonogenetics technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yong
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dongming He
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taiheng Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Rui
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinchuan Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Kin Fung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaofei Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, China.
| | - Jinghui Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Beisteiner R, Hallett M, Lozano AM. Ultrasound Neuromodulation as a New Brain Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205634. [PMID: 36961104 PMCID: PMC10190662 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Within the last decade, ultrasound has been "rediscovered" as a technique for brain therapies. Modern technologies allow focusing ultrasound through the human skull for highly focal tissue ablation, clinical neuromodulatory brain stimulation, and targeted focal blood-brain-barrier opening. This article gives an overview on the state-of-the-art of the most recent application: ultrasound neuromodulation as a new brain therapy. Although research centers have existed for decades, the first treatment centers were not established until 2020, and clinical applications are spreading rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Beisteiner
- Department of NeurologyFunctional Brain Diagnostics and TherapyHigh Field MR CenterMedical University of ViennaSpitalgasse 23Vienna1090Austria
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control SectionNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health10 Center DriveBethesdaMD20892–1428USA
| | - Andres M. Lozano
- Division of NeurosurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONM5T 2S8Canada
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12
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Qin Y, Geng X, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Chai W, Wang X, Wang P. Ultrasound nanotheranostics: Toward precision medicine. J Control Release 2023; 353:105-124. [PMID: 36400289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) is a mechanical wave that can penetrate biological tissues and trigger complex bioeffects. The mechanisms of US in different diagnosis and treatment are different, and the functional application of commercial US is also expanding. In particular, recent developments in nanotechnology have led to a wider use of US in precision medicine. In this review, we focus on US in combination with versatile micro and nanoparticles (NPs)/nanovesicles for tumor theranostics. We first introduce US-assisted drug delivery as a stimulus-responsive approach that spatiotemporally regulates the deposit of nanomedicines in target tissues. Multiple functionalized NPs and their US-regulated drug-release curves are analyzed in detail. Moreover, as a typical representative of US therapy, sonodynamic antitumor strategy is attracting researchers' attention. The collaborative efficiency and mechanisms of US and various nano-sensitizers such as nano-porphyrins and organic/inorganic nanosized sensitizers are outlined in this paper. A series of physicochemical processes during ultrasonic cavitation and NPs activation are also discussed. Finally, the new applications of US and diagnostic NPs in tumor-monitoring and image-guided combined therapy are summarized. Diagnostic NPs contain substances with imaging properties that enhance US contrast and photoacoustic imaging. The development of such high-resolution, low-background US-based imaging methods has contributed to modern precision medicine. It is expected that the integration of non-invasive US and nanotechnology will lead to significant breakthroughs in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xiaorui Geng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yue Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Yitong Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Wenyu Chai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| | - Pan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
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