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Khan SH, Braet SM, Koehler SJ, Elacqua E, Anand GS, Okafor CD. Ligand-induced shifts in conformational ensembles that describe transcriptional activation. eLife 2022; 11:80140. [PMID: 36222302 PMCID: PMC9555869 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors function as ligand-regulated transcription factors whose ability to regulate diverse physiological processes is closely linked with conformational changes induced upon ligand binding. Understanding how conformational populations of nuclear receptors are shifted by various ligands could illuminate strategies for the design of synthetic modulators to regulate specific transcriptional programs. Here, we investigate ligand-induced conformational changes using a reconstructed, ancestral nuclear receptor. By making substitutions at a key position, we engineer receptor variants with altered ligand specificities. We combine cellular and biophysical experiments to characterize transcriptional activity, as well as elucidate mechanisms underlying altered transcription in receptor variants. We then use atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with enhanced sampling to generate ensembles of wildtype and engineered receptors in combination with multiple ligands, followed by conformational analysis and correlation of MD-based predictions with functional ligand profiles. We determine that conformational ensembles accurately describe ligand responses based on observed population shifts. These studies provide a platform which will allow structural characterization of physiologically-relevant conformational ensembles, as well as provide the ability to design and predict transcriptional responses in novel ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabab Hasan Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Sean M Braet
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University
| | | | | | | | - C Denise Okafor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University
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2
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Jayaprakash S, Hegde M, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Lee EHC, Yap KCH, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Demystifying the Functional Role of Nuclear Receptors in Esophageal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810952. [PMID: 36142861 PMCID: PMC9501100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), an aggressive and poorly understood disease, is one of the top causes of cancer-related fatalities. GLOBOCAN 2020 reports that there are 544,076 deaths and 604,100 new cases expected worldwide. Even though there are various advancements in treatment procedures, this cancer has been reported as one of the most difficult cancers to cure, and to increase patient survival; treatment targets still need to be established. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a type of transcription factor, which has a key role in several biological processes such as reproduction, development, cellular differentiation, stress response, immunity, metabolism, lipids, and drugs, and are essential regulators of several diseases, including cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of NRs in tumor immunology and proved the well-known roles of multiple NRs in modulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. There are surplus of studies conducted on NRs and their implications in EC, but only a few studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NRs. Therefore, there is still a paucity of the role of NRs and different ways to target them in EC cells to stop them from spreading malignancy. This review emphasizes the significance of NRs in EC by discussing their diverse agonists as well as antagonists and their response to tumor progression. Additionally, we emphasize NRs’ potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target and their capacity to treat and prevent EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitha Jayaprakash
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - E. Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Chun-Hong Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
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3
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Cao D, Qi Z, Pang Y, Li H, Xie H, Wu J, Huang Y, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Zhu Y, Dai B, Hu X, Ye D, Wang Z. Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor C Regulates Proliferation, Glycolysis, and Chemoresistance via the PD-L1/ITGB6/STAT3 Signaling Axis in Bladder Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2604-2618. [PMID: 30808674 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C (RORC) is a member of the nuclear orphan receptor family and performs critical regulatory functions in cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance in various types of malignant tumors. Here we showed that expression of RORC is lost in tumor tissues of bladder cancer patients. Enhanced expression of RORC suppressed cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. RORC bound the promoter region of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and negatively regulated PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 directly interacted with integrin β6 (ITGB6) and activated the ITGB6/FAK signaling pathway. RORC prevented the nuclear translocation of STAT3 via suppression of the PD-L1/ITGB6 signaling pathway, which further inhibited bladder cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. These findings reveal that RORC regulates bladder cancer cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, and chemoresistance by participating in the PD-L1/ITGB6/STAT3 signaling axis. Moreover, this new understanding of PD-L1 signaling may guide the selection of therapeutic targets to prevent tumor recurrence. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that RORC-mediated regulation of a PD-L1/ITGB6/FAK/STAT3 signaling axis in bladder cancer provides several potential therapeutic targets to prevent tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalong Cao
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Qi
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Pang
- Department of Urology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huyang Xie
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shen
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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4
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Orphan Nuclear Receptors in Colorectal Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 24:815-819. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0440-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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5
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Sala S, Ampe C. An emerging link between LIM domain proteins and nuclear receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1959-1971. [PMID: 29428964 PMCID: PMC11105726 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that partake in several biological processes including development, reproduction and metabolism. Over the last decade, evidence has accumulated that group 2, 3 and 4 LIM domain proteins, primarily known for their roles in actin cytoskeleton organization, also partake in gene transcription regulation. They shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, amongst other as a consequence of triggering cells with ligands of nuclear receptors. LIM domain proteins act as important coregulators of nuclear receptor-mediated gene transcription, in which they can either function as coactivators or corepressors. In establishing interactions with nuclear receptors, the LIM domains are important, yet pleiotropy of LIM domain proteins and nuclear receptors frequently occurs. LIM domain protein-nuclear receptor complexes function in diverse physiological processes. Their association is, however, often linked to diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sala
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Ampe
- Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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6
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Liu X, Wang K, Duan N, Lan Y, Ma P, Zheng H, Zheng W, Li J, Hua ZC. Computational prediction and experimental validation of low-affinity target of triptolide and its analogues. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra17009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ERα as a novel low affinity target for triptolide and its analogues triptonide and triptriolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Ningjun Duan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Lan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Institute of Dermatology
- Peking Union Medical College
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Heng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Weijuan Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Jiahuang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Zi-chun Hua
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- College of Life Science
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
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7
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Bhan A, Hussain I, Ansari KI, Bobzean SAM, Perrotti LI, Mandal SS. Bisphenol-A and diethylstilbestrol exposure induces the expression of breast cancer associated long noncoding RNA HOTAIR in vitro and in vivo. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 141:160-70. [PMID: 24533973 PMCID: PMC4025971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Antisense transcript, long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is a key player in gene silencing and breast cancer and is transcriptionally regulated by estradiol. Here, we have investigated if HOTAIR expression is misregulated by bisphenol-A (BPA) and diethylstilbestrol (DES). Our findings demonstrate BPA and DES induce HOTAIR expression in cultured human breast cancer cells (MCF7) as well as in vivo in the mammary glands of rat. Luciferase assay showed that HOTAIR promoter estrogen-response-elements (EREs) are induced by BPA and DES. Estrogen-receptors (ERs) and ER-coregulators such as MLL-histone methylases (MLL1 and MLL3) bind to the HOTAIR promoter EREs in the presence of BPA and DES, modify chromatin (histone methylation and acetylation) and lead to gene activation. Knockdown of ERs down-regulated the BPA and DES-induced expression of HOTAIR. In summary, our results demonstrate that BPA and DES exposure alters the epigenetic programming of the HOTAIR promoters leading to its endocrine disruption in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunoday Bhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Imran Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Khairul I Ansari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Samara A M Bobzean
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Linda I Perrotti
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Subhrangsu S Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
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8
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Gerbal-Chaloin S, Iankova I, Maurel P, Daujat-Chavanieu M. Nuclear receptors in the cross-talk of drug metabolism and inflammation. Drug Metab Rev 2013; 45:122-44. [PMID: 23330545 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2012.756011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and infection have long been known to affect the activity and expression of enzymes involved in hepatic and extrahepatic drug clearance. Significant advances have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex cross-talk between inflammation and drug-metabolism alterations. The emergent role of ligand-activated transcriptional regulators, belonging to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, is now well established. The NRs, pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, retinoic X receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, and the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-Sim family member, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, are the main regulators of the detoxification function. According to the panel of mediators secreted during inflammation, a cascade of numerous signaling pathways is activated, including nuclear factor kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathways. Complex cross-talk is established between these signaling pathways regulating either constitutive or induced gene expression. In most cases, a mutual antagonism between xenosensor and inflammation signaling occurs. This review focuses on the molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated in this cross-talk.
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9
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Ansari KI, Kasiri S, Hussain I, Bobzean SAM, Perrotti LI, Mandal SS. MLL histone methylases regulate expression of HDLR-SR-B1 in presence of estrogen and control plasma cholesterol in vivo. Mol Endocrinol 2012. [PMID: 23192982 DOI: 10.1210/me.2012-1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein receptors scavenger receptor class B type I [HDLR-SR-B1 (SR-B1)] is a key player in reverse cholesterol transport and maintaining blood cholesterol. We demonstrated that human SR-B1 is transcriptionally activated by 17β-estradiol (E2) in HEPG2 and JAR cells. SR-B1 promoter contains multiple estrogen response elements (ERE half-sites) along with some Sp1 binding sites. Knockdown of estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ down-regulated E2-induced SR-B1 expression. ERs were bound to SR-B1 promoter EREs in an E2-dependent manner. Along with ERs, mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) histone methylases, especially MLL1 and MLL2, play key roles in E2-mediated SR-B1 activation. MLL1 and MLL2 bind to SR-B1 promoter in an E2-dependent manner and control the assembly of transcription pre-initiation complex and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) recruitment. ERs and MLLs play critical roles in determining the cholesterol uptake by steroidogenic tissues/cells, and their knockdown suppressed the E2-induced cholesterol uptake efficiencies of the cells. Intriguingly, MLL2 knockdown in mice resulted in a 33% increase in plasma cholesterol level and also reduced SR-B1 expression in mice liver, demonstrating its crucial functions in controlling plasma cholesterol in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul I Ansari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
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10
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Histone methylase MLL1 has critical roles in tumor growth and angiogenesis and its knockdown suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Oncogene 2012; 32:3359-70. [PMID: 22926525 PMCID: PMC3511651 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemias (MLL) are human histone H3 lysine-4 specific methyl transferases that play critical roles in gene expression, epigenetics, and cancer. Herein, we demonstrated that antisense-mediated knockdown of MLL1 induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cultured cells. Intriguingly, application of MLL1-antisense specifically knocked down MLL1 in vivo and suppressed the growth of xenografted cervical tumor implanted in nude mouse. MLL1-knockdown downregulated various growth and angiogenic factors such as HIF1α, VEGF and CD31 in tumor tissue affecting tumor growth. MLL1 is overexpressed along the line of vascular network and localized adjacent to endothelial cell layer expressing CD31, indicating potential roles of MLL1 in vasculogenesis. MLL1 is also overexpressed in the hypoxic regions along with HIF1α. Overall, our studies demonstrated that MLL1 is a key player in hypoxia signaling, vasculogenesis, and tumor growth, and its depletion suppresses tumor growth in vivo, indicating its potential in novel cancer therapy.
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Ansari KI, Mandal SS. Mixed lineage leukemia: roles in gene expression, hormone signaling and mRNA processing. FEBS J 2010; 277:1790-804. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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