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Nagai T, Sato M, Nishita M. miR-200c-141 induces a hybrid E/M state and promotes collective cell migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149829. [PMID: 38552553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The microRNA-200 (miR-200) family is a potent suppressor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). While its role as a tumor suppressor has been well documented, recent studies suggested that it can promote cancer progression in several stages. In this study, we investigated whether the miR-200 family members play a role in the acquisition of a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) state, which is reported to be associated with cancer malignancy, in mesenchymal MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results demonstrated that the induction of miR-200c-141, a cluster of the miR-200 family member, can induce the expression of epithelial gene and cell-cell junction while mesenchymal markers are retained. Moreover, induction of miR-200c-141 promoted collective migration accompanied by the formation of F-actin cables anchored by adherens junction. These results suggest that the miR-200 family can induce a hybrid E/M state and endows with the ability of collective cell migration in mesenchymal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Nagai
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Misa Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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2
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Baqai N, Amin R, Fatima T, Ahmed Z, Faiz N. Expression Profiling of EMT Transcriptional Regulators ZEB1 and ZEB2 in Different Histopathological Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Curr Genomics 2024; 25:140-151. [PMID: 38751602 PMCID: PMC11092914 DOI: 10.2174/0113892029284920240212091903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pakistan has a high burden of oral cancers, with a prevalence rate of around 9%. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for about 90% of oral cancer cases. Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) gets highly stimulated in tumor cells by adopting subsequent malignant features of highly invasive cancer populations. Zinc Finger E-Box binding factors, ZEB1 and ZEB2, are regulatory proteins that promote EMT by suppressing the adherent ability of cells transforming into highly motile cancerous cells. The present study aimed to analyze the expression of EMT regulators, ZEB1 and ZEB2, and their association with the clinicopathological features in different grades of OSCC patients. Methods Tissue samples were collected for both case and control groups from the recruited study participants. Cancer tissues (cases) were collected from the confirmed OSCC patients, and healthy tissues (controls) were collected from third-molar dental extraction patients. The study participants were recruited with informed consent and brief demographic and clinical characteristics. The case group was further segregated with respect to the histological cancer grading system into well-differentiated (WD), moderately differentiated (MD), and poorly differentiated (PD) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) groups. RNA was extracted from the tissue samples for expression profiling of ZEB1 and ZEB2 genes through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results All of the recruited participants had a mean age of 46.55 ± 11.7 (years), with most of them belonging to Urdu speaking ethnic group and were married. The BMI (kg/m2) of the healthy participants was in the normal range (18-22 kg/m2). However, BMI was found to be reduced with the proliferation in the pathological state of cancer. The oral hygiene of patients was better than the healthy participants, possibly due to the strict oral hygiene practice concerns of consultants. Every recruited OSCC patient had one or multiple addiction habits for more than a year. Patients reported health frailty (46.6%), unhealed mouth sores (40%), swallowing difficulties and white/reddish marks (80%), and restricted mouth opening (64.4%). Furthermore, 82.2% of the recruited patients observed symptoms within 1-12 months, and buccal mucosa was the most exposed tumor site among 55.6% of the patients. Expression profiling of EMT regulators showed gradual over-expressions of ZEB1 (8, 20, and 42 folds) and ZEB2 (4, 10, and 18 folds) in respective histological cancer grades. Conclusion High expressions of ZEBs have been significantly associated with cancer progression and poor health. However, no association was found between OSCC with other clinicopathological features when compared to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Baqai
- Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafat Amin
- Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tehseen Fatima
- Dow College of Biotechnology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeba Ahmed
- Otolaryngology, Dow Medical College-Dr.Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nousheen Faiz
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
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3
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Katoh M, Loriot Y, Brandi G, Tavolari S, Wainberg ZA, Katoh M. FGFR-targeted therapeutics: clinical activity, mechanisms of resistance and new directions. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:312-329. [PMID: 38424198 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling via FGF receptors (FGFR1-4) orchestrates fetal development and contributes to tissue and whole-body homeostasis, but can also promote tumorigenesis. Various agents, including pan-FGFR inhibitors (erdafitinib and futibatinib), FGFR1/2/3 inhibitors (infigratinib and pemigatinib), as well as a range of more-specific agents, have been developed and several have entered clinical use. Erdafitinib is approved for patients with urothelial carcinoma harbouring FGFR2/3 alterations, and futibatinib and pemigatinib are approved for patients with cholangiocarcinoma harbouring FGFR2 fusions and/or rearrangements. Clinical benefit from these agents is in part limited by hyperphosphataemia owing to off-target inhibition of FGFR1 as well as the emergence of resistance mutations in FGFR genes, activation of bypass signalling pathways, concurrent TP53 alterations and possibly epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related isoform switching. The next generation of small-molecule inhibitors, such as lirafugratinib and LOXO-435, and the FGFR2-specific antibody bemarituzumab are expected to have a reduced risk of hyperphosphataemia and the ability to overcome certain resistance mutations. In this Review, we describe the development and current clinical role of FGFR inhibitors and provide perspective on future research directions including expansion of the therapeutic indications for use of FGFR inhibitors, combination of these agents with immune-checkpoint inhibitors and the application of novel technologies, such as artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yohann Loriot
- Drug Development Department (DITEP), Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U981, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zev A Wainberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masaru Katoh
- M & M Precision Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Omics Network, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
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4
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Yan Q, Fang X, Liu X, Guo S, Chen S, Luo M, Lan P, Guan XY. Loss of ESRP2 Activates TAK1-MAPK Signaling through the Fetal RNA-Splicing Program to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305653. [PMID: 37985644 PMCID: PMC10767434 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Tumors usually display fetal-like characteristics, and many oncofetal proteins have been identified. However, fetal-like reprogramming of RNA splicing in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. Here, it is demonstrated that the expression of epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 (ESRP2), an RNA splicing factor, is suppressed in fetal hepatocytes and HCC, in parallel with tumor progression. By combining RNA-Seq with splicing analysis, it is identified that ESRP2 controls the fetal-to-adult switch of multiple splice isoforms in HCC. Functionally, ESRP2 suppressed cell proliferation and migration by specifically switching the alternative splicing (AS) of the TAK1 gene and restraining the expression of the fetal and oncogenic isoform, TAK1_ΔE12. Notably, aberrant TAK1 splicing led to the activation of p38MAPK signaling and predicted poor prognosis in HCC patients. Further investigation revealed that TAK1_ΔE12 protein interacted closely with TAB3 and formed liquid condensation in HCC cells, resulting in p38MAPK activation, enhanced cell migration, and accelerated tumorigenesis. Loss of ESRP2 sensitized HCC cells to TAK1 kinase inhibitor (TAK1i), promoting pyroptotic cell death and CD8+ T cell infiltration. Combining TAK1i with immune checkpoint therapy achieved potent tumor regression in mice. Overall, the findings reveal a previously unexplored onco-fetal reprogramming of RNA splicing and provide novel therapeutic avenues for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiaona Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sai Guo
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of recurrent metastatic cancer and personalized therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of recurrent metastatic cancer and personalized therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Zhang F, Wang Y, He Y, Dong B. Correlation of FBXO45 Expression Levels with Cancer Severity by ZEB1 Ubiquitin in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2024; 43:13-23. [PMID: 39016138 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2024053018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The early diagnostic methods for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited, lacking effective biomarkers, and the late stage surgery is difficult and has a high recurrence rate. We investigated whether the effects of FBXO45 in arcinogenesis and metastasis of NSCLC. The up-regulation of FBXO45 expression in NSCLC patients or cell lines were observed. FBXO45 gene promoted metastasis and Warburg effect, and reduced ferroptosis of NSCLC. FBXO45 induced ZEB1 expression to promote Warburg effect and reduced ferroptosis of NSCLC. Sh-FBXO45 reduced cancer growth of NSCLC in mice model. FBXO45 decreased the ubiquitination of ZEB1, leading to increased expression of ZEB1, which in turn promoted the Warburg effect and reduced ferroptosis in NSCLC. In vivo imaging, Sh-FBXO45 also reduced ZEB1 expression levels of lung tissue in mice model. FBXO45 in NSCLC through activating the Warburg effect, and the inhibition of ferroptosis of NSCLC by the suppression of ZEB1 ubiquitin, FBXO45 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang City, 712000 Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Qianxian People's Hospital, Qianxian 713300, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Pathology, Jingyang Country Hospital, Jingyang 713700, China
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Sobhi Amjad Z, Shojaeian A, Sadri Nahand J, Bayat M, Taghizadieh M, Rostamian M, Babaei F, Moghoofei M. Oncoviruses: Induction of cancer development and metastasis by increasing anoikis resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22598. [PMID: 38144298 PMCID: PMC10746446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cell death is a vital aspect in the regulation of aberrant cells such as cancer cells. Anoikis is a kind of cell death that occurs when cells get separated from the extracellular matrix. Some cancer cells can inhibit anoikis in order to progress metastasis. One of the key variables that might be implicated in anoikis resistance (AR) is viral infections. The most important viruses involved in this process are Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus 8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and hepatitis C virus. A better understanding of how carcinogenic viruses suppress anoikis might be helpful in developing an effective treatment for virus-associated cancers. In the current study, we review the role of the mentioned viruses and their gene products in anoikis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sobhi Amjad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Nosocomial Infections Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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7
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Perez-Oquendo M, Manshouri R, Tian Y, Fradette JJ, Rodriguez BL, Kundu ST, Gibbons DL. ZEB1 Is Regulated by K811 Acetylation to Promote Stability, NuRD Complex Interactions, EMT, and NSCLC Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:779-794. [PMID: 37255406 PMCID: PMC10390859 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition results in loss of specialized epithelial cell contacts and acquisition of mesenchymal invasive capacity. The transcription repressor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) binds to E-boxes of gene promoter regions to suppress the expression of epithelial genes. ZEB1 has inconsistent molecular weights, which have been attributed to posttranslational modifications (PTM). We performed mass spectrometry and identified K811 acetylation as a novel PTM in ZEB1. To define the role of ZEB1 acetylation in regulating function, we generated ZEB1 acetyl-mimetic (K811Q) and acetyl-deficient (K811R) mutant-expressing non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (NSCLC). We demonstrate that the K811R ZEB1 (125 kDa) has a shorter protein half-life than wild-type (WT) ZEB1 and K811Q ZEB1 (∼225 kDa), suggesting that lack of ZEB1 acetylation in the lower molecular weight form affects protein stability. Further, the acetylated form of ZEB1 recruits the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex to bind the promoter of its target genes mir200c-141 and SEMA3F. RNA-sequencing revealed that WT ZEB1 and K811Q ZEB1 downregulate the expression of epithelial genes to promote lung adenocarcinoma invasion and metastasis, whereas the K811R ZEB1 does not. Our findings establish that the K811 acetylation promotes ZEB1 protein stability, interaction with other protein complexes, and subsequent invasion/metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. IMPLICATIONS The molecular mechanisms by which ZEB1 is regulated by K811 acetylation to promote protein stability, NuRD complex and promoter interactions, and function are relevant to the development of treatment strategies to prevent and treat metastasis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Perez-Oquendo
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roxsan Manshouri
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yanhua Tian
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jared J. Fradette
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - B. Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Samrat T. Kundu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Don L. Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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8
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Matern MS, Durruthy-Durruthy R, Birol O, Darmanis S, Scheibinger M, Groves AK, Heller S. Transcriptional dynamics of delaminating neuroblasts in the mouse otic vesicle. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112545. [PMID: 37227818 PMCID: PMC10592509 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An abundance of research has recently highlighted the susceptibility of cochleovestibular ganglion (CVG) neurons to noise damage and aging in the adult cochlea, resulting in hearing deficits. Furthering our understanding of the transcriptional cascades that contribute to CVG development may provide insight into how these cells can be regenerated to treat inner ear dysfunction. Here we perform a high-depth single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the E10.5 otic vesicle and its surrounding tissues, including CVG precursor neuroblasts and emerging CVG neurons. Clustering and trajectory analysis of otic-lineage cells reveals otic markers and the changes in gene expression that occur from neuroblast delamination toward the development of the CVG. This dataset provides a valuable resource for further identifying the mechanisms associated with CVG development from neurosensory competent cells within the otic vesicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie S Matern
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Durruthy-Durruthy
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Onur Birol
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Spyros Darmanis
- Departments of Bioengineering and Applied Physics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mirko Scheibinger
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew K Groves
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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9
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Zhang Y, Li X, Gong Y, Du D, Chen H, Liu L, Cheng Z. Aberrant expression of UBE2C in endometrial cancer and its correlation to epithelial mesenchymal transition. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33834. [PMID: 37335710 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C), its overexpression promotes tumor progression, is a key component of the ubiquitin conjugating proteasome complex. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which is lost epithelial features and gained mesenchymal features in some epithelial cancers, is involved in epithelial cancers' invasiveness and metastasis. The aim of this study is to detect the expression of UBE2C, WNT5α, and E-cad in endometrial cancer (EC) and their clinical significance. The expression of UBE2C, WNT5α, and ZEB1 in 125 cases EC tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Patients clinicopathological, demography, and follow-up data were also collected. Positive rates of expression of UBE2C and ZEB1 were significantly higher in EC tissues when compared with the control tissues. The positive expression of UBE2C and ZEB1 were positively associated with tumor stages, local lymph node metastasis, and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages. The positive rate of expression of WNT5a was significantly lower in EC tissues when compared with the control tissues. And positive expression of E-cad was inversely related to tumor stages, lymph node metastasis stages, and FIGO stages. Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated that positive expression of UBE2C or ZEB1 for EC patients had unfavorably overall survival time when compared with patients with negative expression of UBE2C or ZEB1. And EC patients with positive expression of WNT5a had favorably overall survival time when compared with EC patients with negative expression of WNT5a. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that positive expression UBE2C, WNT5α, and ZEB1, as well as FIGO stages were independent prognostic factors for EC patients. UBE2C, ZEB1, and WNT5a should be considered promising biomarkers for EC patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Xueting Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Yingying Gong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Danli Du
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Huilei Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bengbu City, China
| | - Zenong Cheng
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu City, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu City, China
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10
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Omar FA, Brown TC, Gillanders WE, Fleming TP, Smith MA, Bremner RM, Sankpal NV. Cytosolic EpCAM cooperates with H-Ras to regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition through ZEB1. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285707. [PMID: 37192201 PMCID: PMC10187930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Next generation sequencing of human cancer mutations has identified novel therapeutic targets. Activating Ras oncogene mutations play a central role in oncogenesis, and Ras-driven tumorigenesis upregulates an array of genes and signaling cascades that can transform normal cells into tumor cells. In this study, we investigated the role of altered localization of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) in Ras-expressing cells. Analysis of microarray data demonstrated that Ras expression induced EpCAM expression in normal breast epithelial cells. Fluorescent and confocal microscopy showed that H-Ras mediated transformation also promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) together with EpCAM. To consistently localize EpCAM in the cytosol, we generated a cancer-associated EpCAM mutant (EpCAM-L240A) that is retained in the cytosol compartment. Normal MCF-10A cells were transduced with H-Ras together with EpCAM wild-type (WT) or EpCAM-L240A. WT-EpCAM marginally effected invasion, proliferation, and soft agar growth. EpCAM-L240A, however, markedly altered cells and transformed to mesenchymal phenotype. Ras-EpCAM-L240A expression also promoted expression of EMT factors FRA1, ZEB1 with inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and IL1. This altered morphology was reversed using MEK-specific inhibitors and to some extent JNK inhibition. Furthermore, these transformed cells were sensitized to apoptosis using paclitaxel and quercetin, but not other therapies. For the first time, we have demonstrated that EpCAM mutations can cooperate with H-Ras and promote EMT. Collectively, our results highlight future therapeutic opportunities in EpCAM and Ras mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A. Omar
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Taylor C. Brown
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - William E. Gillanders
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Timothy P. Fleming
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Smith
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ross M. Bremner
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Narendra V. Sankpal
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
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11
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Garinet S, Didelot A, Marisa L, Beinse G, Sroussi M, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Fabre E, Gibault L, Laurent-Puig P, Mouillet-Richard S, Legras A, Blons H. A novel Chr1-miR-200 driven whole transcriptome signature shapes tumor immune microenvironment and predicts relapse in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:324. [PMID: 37189151 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), targeted therapies and immunotherapies have moved from metastatic to early stage and stratification of the relapse risk becomes mandatory. Here we identified a miR-200 based RNA signature that delineates Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) heterogeneity and predicts survival beyond current classification systems. METHODS A miR-200 signature was identified using RNA sequencing. We scored the miR-200 signature by WISP (Weighted In Silico Pathology), used GSEA to identify pathway enrichments and MCP-counter to characterize immune cell infiltrates. We evaluate the clinical value of this signature in our series of LUAD and using TCGA and 7 published datasets. RESULTS We identified 3 clusters based on supervised classification: I is miR-200-sign-down and enriched in TP53 mutations IIA and IIB are miR-200-sign-up: IIA is enriched in EGFR (p < 0.001), IIB is enriched in KRAS mutation (p < 0.001). WISP stratified patients into miR-200-sign-down (n = 65) and miR-200-sign-up (n = 42). Several biological processes were enriched in MiR-200-sign-down tumors, focal adhesion, actin cytoskeleton, cytokine/receptor interaction, TP53 signaling and cell cycle pathways. Fibroblast, immune cell infiltration and PDL1 expression were also significantly higher suggesting immune exhaustion. This signature stratified patients into high-vs low-risk groups, miR-200-sign-up had higher DFS, median not reached at 60 vs 41 months and within subpopulations with stage I, IA, IB, or II. Results were validated on TCGA data on 7 public datasets. CONCLUSION This EMT and miR-200-related prognostic signature refines prognosis evaluation independently of tumor stage and paves the way towards assessing the predictive value of this LUAD clustering to optimize perioperative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Garinet
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France.
| | - Audrey Didelot
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Marisa
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Beinse
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Marine Sroussi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Elizabeth Fabre
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gibault
- Department of Pathology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Mouillet-Richard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Legras
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Blons
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Team Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization (MEPPOT), Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, APHP Centre, Paris, France.
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12
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Tan X, Xiao GY, Wang S, Shi L, Zhao Y, Liu X, Yu J, Russell WK, Creighton CJ, Kurie JM. EMT-activated secretory and endocytic vesicular trafficking programs underlie a vulnerability to PI4K2A antagonism in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165863. [PMID: 36757799 PMCID: PMC10065074 DOI: 10.1172/jci165863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypersecretory malignant cells underlie therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. However, the molecular basis for malignant hypersecretion remains obscure. Here, we showed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiates exocytic and endocytic vesicular trafficking programs in lung cancer. The EMT-activating transcription factor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) executed a PI4KIIIβ-to-PI4KIIα (PI4K2A) dependency switch that drove PI4P synthesis in the Golgi and endosomes. EMT enhanced the vulnerability of lung cancer cells to PI4K2A small-molecule antagonists. PI4K2A formed a MYOIIA-containing protein complex that facilitated secretory vesicle biogenesis in the Golgi, thereby establishing a hypersecretory state involving osteopontin (SPP1) and other prometastatic ligands. In the endosomal compartment, PI4K2A accelerated recycling of SPP1 receptors to complete an SPP1-dependent autocrine loop and interacted with HSP90 to prevent lysosomal degradation of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, a driver of cell migration. These results show that EMT coordinates exocytic and endocytic vesicular trafficking to establish a therapeutically actionable hypersecretory state that drives lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Tan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guan-Yu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shike Wang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - William K. Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas–MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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13
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Li D, Xia L, Huang P, Wang Z, Guo Q, Huang C, Leng W, Qin S. Heterogeneity and plasticity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis: Focusing on partial EMT and regulatory mechanisms. Cell Prolif 2023:e13423. [PMID: 36808651 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) plays critical roles in cancer metastasis. Recent studies, especially those based on single-cell sequencing, have revealed that EMT is not a binary process, but a heterogeneous and dynamic disposition with intermediary or partial EMT states. Multiple double-negative feedback loops involved by EMT-related transcription factors (EMT-TFs) have been identified. These feedback loops between EMT drivers and MET drivers finely regulate the EMT transition state of the cell. In this review, the general characteristics, biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of different EMT transition states were summarized. We additionally discussed the direct and indirect roles of EMT transition state in tumour metastasis. More importantly, this article provides direct evidence that the heterogeneity of EMT is closely related to the poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Notably, a seesaw model was proposed to explain how tumour cells regulate themselves to remain in specific EMT transition states, including epithelial state, hybrid/intermediate state and mesenchymal state. Additionally, this article also provides a review of the current status, limitations and future perspectives of EMT signalling in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lingyun Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zidi Wang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qiwei Guo
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Congcong Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Weidong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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14
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Prognostic impact of tumor microenvironment-related markers in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. Int J Clin Oncol 2023; 28:229-239. [PMID: 36376711 PMCID: PMC9889427 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-022-02271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a prominent component in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays an important role in lung carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated microenvironmental markers expressed by CAFs, including α-smooth muscle actin, CD10, podoplanin, fibroblast-specific protein 1, platelet-derived growth factor α and β, fibroblast-associated protein, tenascin-C, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), and twist-related protein 1 expression levels. We evaluated samples from 257 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) to assess the associations of CAF-related protein expression patterns with prognosis. LAD cases were stratified using cluster analysis. To determine the utility of prognostic markers in LAD, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. LAD cases were classified into subgroups 1 and 2. Subgroup 2 was shown to be significantly correlated with disease-free and overall survival using univariate and multivariate analyses in this group. Upregulation of podoplanin was identified as a single prognostic marker in this study by univariate and multivariate analyses. In addition, ZEB1 overexpression was correlated with disease-free survival. Our current results suggested that the specific CAF phenotype (e.g., the expression pattern of CAF-related proteins) could predict outcomes in patients with LAD. In addition, podoplanin upregulation may predict outcomes in these patients.
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15
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Underlying mechanisms of epithelial splicing regulatory proteins in cancer progression. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1539-1556. [PMID: 36163376 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second-leading disease-related cause of global mortality after cardiovascular disease. Despite significant advances in cancer therapeutic strategies, cancer remains one of the major obstacles to human life extension. Cancer pathogenesis is extremely complicated and not fully understood. Epithelial splicing regulatory proteins (ESRPs), including ESRP1 and ESRP2, belong to the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein family of RNA-binding proteins and are crucial regulators of the alternative splicing of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The expression and activity of ESRPs are modulated by various mechanisms, including post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that ESRP dysregulation is closely associated with cancer progression, the detailed mechanisms remain inconclusive. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the structures, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of ESRPs and focus on their underlying mechanisms in cancer progression. We also highlight the clinical implications of ESRPs as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. The information reviewed herein could be extremely beneficial to the development of individualized therapeutic strategies for cancer patients.
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16
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Rae S, Spillane C, Blackshields G, Madden SF, Keenan J, Stordal B. The EMT-activator ZEB1 is unrelated to platinum drug resistance in ovarian cancer but is predictive of survival. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1547-1559. [PMID: 35794446 PMCID: PMC9374625 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The IGROVCDDP cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line is an unusual model, as it is also cross-resistant to paclitaxel. IGROVCDDP, therefore, models the resistance phenotype of serous ovarian cancer patients who have failed frontline platinum/taxane chemotherapy. IGROVCDDP has also undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We aim to determine if alterations in EMT-related genes are related to or independent from the drug-resistance phenotypes. EMT gene and protein markers, invasion, motility and morphology were investigated in IGROVCDDP and its parent drug-sensitive cell line IGROV-1. ZEB1 was investigated by qPCR, Western blotting and siRNA knockdown. ZEB1 was also investigated in publicly available ovarian cancer gene-expression datasets. IGROVCDDP cells have decreased protein levels of epithelial marker E-cadherin (6.18-fold, p = 1.58e-04) and higher levels of mesenchymal markers vimentin (2.47-fold, p = 4.43e-03), N-cadherin (4.35-fold, p = 4.76e-03) and ZEB1 (3.43-fold, p = 0.04). IGROVCDDP have a spindle-like morphology consistent with EMT. Knockdown of ZEB1 in IGROVCDDP does not lead to cisplatin sensitivity but shows a reversal of EMT-gene signalling and an increase in cell circularity. High ZEB1 gene expression (HR = 1.31, n = 2051, p = 1.31e-05) is a marker of poor overall survival in high-grade serous ovarian-cancer patients. In contrast, ZEB1 is not predictive of overall survival in high-grade serous ovarian-cancer patients known to be treated with platinum chemotherapy. The increased expression of ZEB1 in IGROVCDDP appears to be independent of the drug-resistance phenotypes. ZEB1 has the potential to be used as biomarker of overall prognosis in ovarian-cancer patients but not of platinum/taxane chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Rae
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University London, London, UK
| | - Cathy Spillane
- Department of Histopathology, St James' Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gordon Blackshields
- Department of Histopathology, St James' Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen F Madden
- Data Science Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Keenan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Britta Stordal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University London, London, UK.
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17
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Muraki N, Yamada M, Doki H, Nakai R, Komeda K, Goto D, Kawabe N, Matsuoka K, Matsushima M, Kawabe T, Tanaka I, Morise M, Shay JW, Minna JD, Sato M. Resistance to mutant KRAS V12-induced senescence in a hTERT/Cdk4-immortalized normal human bronchial epithelial cell line. Exp Cell Res 2022; 414:113053. [PMID: 35149086 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutant KRAS, the most frequently occurring (∼30%) driver oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma, induces normal epithelial cells to undergo senescence. This phenomenon, called "oncogene-induced senescence (OIS)", prevents mutant KRAS-induced malignant transformation. We have previously reported that mutant KRASV12 induces OIS in a subset of normal human bronchial epithelial cell line immortalized with hTERT and Cdk4. Understanding the mechanism and efficacy of this important cancer prevention mechanism is a key knowledge gap. Therefore, this study investigates mutant KRASV12-induced OIS in upregulated telomerase combined with the p16/RB pathway inactivation in normal bronchial epithelial cells. The normal (non-transformed and non-tumorigenic) human bronchial epithelial cell line HBEC3 (also called "HBEC3KT"), immortalized with hTERT ("T") and Cdk4 ("K"), was used in this study. HBEC3 that expressed mutant KRASV12 in a doxycycline-regulated manner was established (designated as HBEC3-RIN2). Controlled induction of mutant KRASV12 expression induced partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in HBEC3-RIN2 cells, which was associated with upregulated expression of ZEB1 and SNAIL. Mutant KRASV12 caused the majority of HBEC3-RIN2 to undergo morphological changes; suggestive of senescence, which was associated with enhanced autophagic flux, evaluated by LC-3 Western blot and CYTO-ID, an autophagosome-specific staining kit. Upon mutant KRASV12 expression, only a small HBEC3-RIN2 cell subset underwent senescence, as shown by a senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining (SA-βG) method. Furthermore, mutant KRASV12 enhanced cell growth, evaluated by colorimetric proliferation assay, and liquid and soft agar colony formation assays, partially through increased phosphorylated AKT and ERK expression but did not affect cell division, or cell cycle status. Intriguingly, mutant KRASV12 reduced p53 protein expression but increased p21 protein expression by prolonging its half-life. These results indicate that a hTERT/Cdk4 -immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cell line is partially resistant to mutant KRASV12-induced senescence. This suggests that OIS does not efficiently suppress KRASV12-induced transformation in the context of the simultaneous occurrence of telomerase upregulation and inactivation of the p16/Rb pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Muraki
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mizuki Yamada
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hinako Doki
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Riho Nakai
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuki Komeda
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Daiki Goto
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Nozomi Kawabe
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kohei Matsuoka
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Miyoko Matsushima
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawabe
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ichidai Tanaka
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masahiro Morise
- Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Dept. of Cell Biology and the Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and the Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mitsuo Sato
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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18
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Song C, Peng J, Wei Y, Shao J, Chen X, Zhang X, Xu J. USP18 promotes tumor metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas via deubiquitinating ZEB1. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112884. [PMID: 34743935 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The dysregulation of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which regulate the stability of most cellular proteins, have been implicated in many human diseases, including cancers. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18), a member of the DUBs family, functions as a potential tumour promoter in various cancers. However, the biological function and clinical significance of USP18 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) are still unclear. Here, we found that ESCC tumors had higher USP18 expression compared with that of normal esophageal epithelial tissues, and high USP18 level was significantly correlated with malignant phenotype and shorter survival in patients with ESCC. In functional experiments, USP18 knockdown significantly inhibited ESCC invasion and metastasis in vitro. Consistently, a xenograft assay showed that knockdown of USP18 in ESCC cell suppressed their dissemination to lung tissue in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that USP18 promoted ESCC cell metastasis by inducing ZEB1 mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Importantly, our results demonstrated that the oncogenic effect of USP18 in ESCC is partially dependent on ZEB1 enhancement. Mechanistic investigations revealed that USP18 directly bound ZEB1 and decreased its ubiquitination to enhance the protein stability of ZEB1 in ESCC cells. Overall, our data highlighted an essential role of USP18 in ESCC metastasis, suggesting that it could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jinhua Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xianglai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Maddah SM, Mostafavi G, Amin Malek M, Anbarestani M, Sharif Y, Mir Hassani Z. Combined application of cisplatin and salicylic acid suppresses cell growth and promotes apoptosis in human lung cancer cell lines. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Garinet S, Didelot A, Denize T, Perrier A, Beinse G, Leclere JB, Oudart JB, Gibault L, Badoual C, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Laurent-Puig P, Legras A, Blons H. Clinical assessment of the miR-34, miR-200, ZEB1 and SNAIL EMT regulation hub underlines the differential prognostic value of EMT miRs to drive mesenchymal transition and prognosis in resected NSCLC. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1544-1551. [PMID: 34642464 PMCID: PMC8609001 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving curative surgery have a risk of relapse, and adjuvant treatments only translate into a 5% increase in 5-year survival. We assessed the clinical significance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and explored its association with the [SNAIL/miR-34]:[ZEB/miR-200] regulation hub to refine prognostic information. METHODS We validated a 7-gene EMT score using a consecutive series of 176 resected NSCLC. We quantified EMT transcription factors, microRNAs (miRs) of the miR-200, miR-34 families and miR-200 promoter hypermethylation to identify outcome predictors. RESULTS Most tumours presented with an EMT-hybrid state and the EMT score was not predictive of outcome. Individually, all miR-200 were inversely associated with the EMT score, but only chromosome-1 miRs, miR-200a, b, 429, were associated with disease-free survival (p = 0.08, 0.05 and 0.025) and overall survival (p = 0.013, 0.003 and 0.006). We validated these associations on The Cancer Genome Atlas data. Tumour unsupervised clustering based on miR expression identified two good prognostic groups, unrelated to the EMT score, suggesting that miR profiling may have an important clinical value. CONCLUSION miR-200 family members do not have similar predictive value. Core EMT-miR, regulators and not EMT itself, identify NSCLC patients with a low risk of relapse after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Garinet
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Didelot
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Denize
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Perrier
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Beinse
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Leclere
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Oudart
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gibault
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Pathology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Cecile Badoual
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Pathology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Le Pimpec-Barthes
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Legras
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Helene Blons
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics and Molecular Oncology, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Paris, France.
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, CNRS SNC 5096, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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21
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The RNA-Binding Protein ESRP1 Modulates the Expression of RAC1b in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164092. [PMID: 34439247 PMCID: PMC8392041 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third for incidence and second for number of deaths among cancer types worldwide. Poor patient survival due to inadequate response to currently available treatment regimens points to the urgent requirement for personalized therapy in CRC patients. Our aim was to provide mechanistic insights into the pro-tumorigenic role of the RNA-binding protein ESRP1, which is highly expressed in a subset of CRC patients. We show that, in CRC cells, ESRP1 binds to and has the same trend in expression as RAC1b, a well-known tumor promoter. Thus, RAC1b may be a potential therapeutic target in ESRP1-overexpressing CRC. Abstract RNA binding proteins are well recognized as critical regulators of tumorigenic processes through their capacity to modulate RNA biogenesis, including alternative splicing, RNA stability and mRNA translation. The RNA binding protein Epithelial Splicing Regulatory Protein 1 (ESRP1) can act as a tumor suppressor or promoter in a cell type- and disease context-dependent manner. We have previously shown that elevated expression of ESRP1 in colorectal cancer cells can drive tumor progression. To gain further insights into the pro-tumorigenic mechanism of action of ESRP1, we performed cDNA microarray analysis on two colorectal cells lines modulated for ESRP1 expression. Intriguingly, RAC1b was highly expressed, both at mRNA and protein levels, in ESRP1-overexpressing cells, while the opposite trend was observed in ESRP1-silenced CRC cells. Moreover, RAC1 and RAC1b mRNA co-immunoprecipitate with ESRP1 protein. Silencing of RAC1b expression significantly reduced the number of soft agar colonies formed by ESRP1-overexpressing cells, suggesting that ESRP1 acted, at least partially, through RAC1b in its tumor-promoting activities in CRC cells. Thus, our data provide molecular cues on targetable candidates in CRC cases with high ESRP1 expression.
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22
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Ashok C, Ahuja N, Natua S, Mishra J, Samaiya A, Shukla S. E2F1 and epigenetic modifiers orchestrate breast cancer progression by regulating oxygen-dependent ESRP1 expression. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:58. [PMID: 34362878 PMCID: PMC8346533 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1) is an RNA binding protein that governs the alternative splicing events related to epithelial phenotypes. ESRP1 contributes significantly at different stages of cancer progression. ESRP1 expression is substantially elevated in carcinoma in situ compared to the normal epithelium, whereas it is drastically ablated in cancer cells within hypoxic niches, which promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although a considerable body of research sought to understand the EMT-associated ESRP1 downregulation, the regulatory mechanisms underlying ESRP1 upregulation in primary tumors remained largely uncharted. This study seeks to unveil the regulatory mechanisms that spatiotemporally fine-tune the ESRP1 expression during breast carcinogenesis. Our results reveal that an elevated expression of transcription factor E2F1 and increased CpG hydroxymethylation of the E2F1 binding motif conjointly induce ESRP1 expression in breast carcinoma. However, E2F1 fails to upregulate ESRP1 despite its abundance in oxygen-deprived breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, impelled by the hypoxia-driven reduction of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3 (TET3) activity, CpG sites across the E2F1 binding motif lose the hydroxymethylation marks while gaining the de novo methyltransferase-elicited methylation marks. These two oxygen-sensitive epigenetic events work in concert to repel E2F1 from the ESRP1 promoter, thereby diminishing ESRP1 expression under hypoxia. Furthermore, E2F1 skews the cancer spliceome by upregulating splicing factor SRSF7 in hypoxic breast cancer cells. Our findings provide previously unreported mechanistic insights into the plastic nature of ESRP1 expression and insinuate important implications in therapeutics targeting breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheemala Ashok
- grid.462376.20000 0004 1763 8131Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Neha Ahuja
- grid.462376.20000 0004 1763 8131Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Subhashis Natua
- grid.462376.20000 0004 1763 8131Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Jharna Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Bansal Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Atul Samaiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Bansal Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- grid.462376.20000 0004 1763 8131Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh India
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23
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Functional Implications of the Dynamic Regulation of EpCAM during Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070956. [PMID: 34209658 PMCID: PMC8301972 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in epithelial tissues. EpCAM forms intercellular, homophilic adhesions, modulates epithelial junctional protein complex formation, and promotes epithelial tissue homeostasis. EpCAM is a target of molecular therapies and plays a prominent role in tumor biology. In this review, we focus on the dynamic regulation of EpCAM expression during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the functional implications of EpCAM expression on the regulation of EMT. EpCAM is frequently and highly expressed in epithelial cancers, while silenced in mesenchymal cancers. During EMT, EpCAM expression is downregulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and EMT transcription factors, as well as by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). The functional impact of EpCAM expression on tumor biology is frequently dependent on the cancer type and predominant oncogenic signaling pathways, suggesting that the role of EpCAM in tumor biology and EMT is multifunctional. Membrane EpCAM is cleaved in cancers and its intracellular domain (EpICD) is transported into the nucleus and binds β-catenin, FHL2, and LEF1. This stimulates gene transcription that promotes growth, cancer stem cell properties, and EMT. EpCAM is also regulated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and the EpCAM ectoderm (EpEX) is an EGFR ligand that affects EMT. EpCAM is expressed on circulating tumor and cancer stem cells undergoing EMT and modulates metastases and cancer treatment responses. Future research exploring EpCAM’s role in EMT may reveal additional therapeutic opportunities.
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24
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Patrizi S, Pederiva F, d'Adamo AP. Whole-Genome Methylation Study of Congenital Lung Malformations in Children. Front Oncol 2021; 11:689833. [PMID: 34262872 PMCID: PMC8273538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.689833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The treatment of asymptomatic patients with congenital pulmonary malformations (CPMs) remains controversial, partially because the relationship between congenital lung malformations and malignancy is still undefined. Change in methylation pattern is a crucial event in human cancer, including lung cancer. We therefore studied all differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in a series of CPMs in an attempt to find methylation anomalies in genes already described in association with malignancy. Methods The DNA extracted from resected congenital lung malformations and control lung tissue was screened using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. Comparisons between the group of malformed samples or the malformed samples of same histology or each malformed sample and the controls and between a pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) and controls were performed. Moreover, each malformed sample was pairwise compared with its respective control. All differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with an adjusted p-value <0,05 were studied. Results Every comparison highlighted a number of DMRs closed to genes involved either in cell proliferation or in embryonic development or included in the Cancer Gene Census. Their abnormal methylation had been already described in lung tumors. Conclusions Methylation anomalies already described in lung tumors and also shared by the PPB were found in congenital lung malformations, regardless the histology. The presence of methylation abnormalities is suggestive of a correlation between congenital lung malformations and some step of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Patrizi
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Pederiva
- Pediatric Surgery, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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25
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Overview of Evidence-Based Chemotherapy for Oral Cancer: Focus on Drug Resistance Related to the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060893. [PMID: 34208465 PMCID: PMC8234904 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents has become a major issue in the treatment of oral cancer (OC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years with regard to its relation to the mechanism of chemotherapy drug resistance. EMT-activating transcription factors (EMT-ATFs), such as Snail, TWIST, and ZEB, can activate several different molecular pathways, e.g., PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and TGF-β. In contrast, the activated oncological signal pathways provide reciprocal feedback that affects the expression of EMT-ATFs, resulting in a peritumoral extracellular environment conducive to cancer cell survival and evasion of the immune system, leading to resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents. We present an overview of evidence-based chemotherapy for OC treatment based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Chemotherapy Order Templates. We focus on the molecular pathways involved in drug resistance related to the EMT and highlight the signal pathways and transcription factors that may be important for EMT-regulated drug resistance. Rapid progress in antitumor regimens, together with the application of powerful techniques such as high-throughput screening and microRNA technology, will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies to augment chemotherapy.
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26
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Yang R, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Ci H, Song C, Wu S. Low PRRX1 expression and high ZEB1 expression are significantly correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24472. [PMID: 33530259 PMCID: PMC7850718 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paired related homeobox 1 (PRRX1) and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) have been observed to play a vital role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in different types of cancer. The microvessel density (MVD) is the most common indicator used to quantify angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate expression of PRRX1 and ZEB1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to explore associations between these factors and tumor prognosis, EMT markers and angiogenesis. METHODS Data for a total of 111 surgically resected NSCLC cases from January 2013 to December 2014 were collected. We used an immunohistochemical method to detect expression levels of PRRX1, ZEB1, and E-cadherin, and to assess MVD (marked by CD34 staining). SPSS 26.0 was employed to evaluate the connection between these factors and clinical and histopathological features, overall survival (OS) and tumor angiogenesis. RESULTS PRRX1 expression was obviously lower in tumor samples than in control samples. Low expression of PRRX1, which was more common in the high-MVD group than in the low-MVD group (P = .009), correlated positively with E-cadherin expression (P < .001). Additionally, we showed that ZEB1 was expressed at higher levels in tumor samples than in normal samples. High expression of ZEB1 was associated negatively with E-cadherin expression (P < .001) and positively associated with high MVD (P = .001). Based on Kaplan-Meier and multivariate survival analyses, we found that PRRX1, ZEB1, E-cadherin and the MVD had predictive value for OS in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PRRX1 and ZEB1 may serve as novel prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Yang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
| | - Yuanqun Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
| | - Hongfei Ci
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology
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27
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Lesko J, Triebl A, Stacher-Priehse E, Fink-Neuböck N, Lindenmann J, Smolle-Jüttner FM, Köfeler HC, Hrzenjak A, Olschewski H, Leithner K. Phospholipid dynamics in ex vivo lung cancer and normal lung explants. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:81-90. [PMID: 33408336 PMCID: PMC8080582 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer cells, metabolic pathways are reprogrammed to promote cell proliferation and growth. While the rewiring of central biosynthetic pathways is being extensively studied, the dynamics of phospholipids in cancer cells are still poorly understood. In our study, we sought to evaluate de novo biosynthesis of glycerophospholipids (GPLs) in ex vivo lung cancer explants and corresponding normal lung tissue from six patients by utilizing a stable isotopic labeling approach. Incorporation of fully 13C-labeled glucose into the backbone of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylinositol (PI) was analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Lung cancer tissue showed significantly elevated isotopic enrichment within the glycerol backbone of PE, normalized to its incorporation into PI, compared to that in normal lung tissue; however, the size of the PE pool normalized to the size of the PI pool was smaller in tumor tissue. These findings indicate enhanced PE turnover in lung cancer tissue. Elevated biosynthesis of PE in lung cancer tissue was supported by enhanced expression of the PE biosynthesis genes ETNK2 and EPT1 and decreased expression of the PC and PI biosynthesis genes CHPT1 and CDS2, respectively, in different subtypes of lung cancer in publicly available datasets. Our study demonstrates that incorporation of glucose-derived carbons into the glycerol backbone of GPLs can be monitored to study phospholipid dynamics in tumor explants and shows that PE turnover is elevated in lung cancer tissue compared to normal lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lesko
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Triebl
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Lipidomics, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elvira Stacher-Priehse
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Present Address: Institute of Pathology, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Fink-Neuböck
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Lindenmann
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Freyja-Maria Smolle-Jüttner
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald C. Köfeler
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Core Facility Mass Spectrometry and Lipidomics, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andelko Hrzenjak
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria ,grid.489038.eLudwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria ,grid.489038.eLudwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Leithner
- grid.11598.340000 0000 8988 2476Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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28
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PHRF1 promotes migration and invasion by modulating ZEB1 expression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236876. [PMID: 32730336 PMCID: PMC7392320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PHRF1 (PHD and RING finger domain-containing protein 1) suppresses acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) by promoting TGIF (TG-interacting factor) ubiquitination, while the PML-RARα protein interferes with PHRF1-mediated TGIF breakdown to facilitate APL. Beyond its role in APL tumorigenesis, PHRF1 contributes to non-homologous end-joining by linking H3K36 methylation and Nbs1 upon DNA damage insults. However, little is known regarding its function in tumor invasion. Here we highlight the unreported details of PHRF1 in the invasion of lung cancer cells by modulating the transcriptional level of ZEB1, a prominent regulator involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PHRF1 associated with the phosphorylated C-terminal repeat domain of Rpb1, the large subunit of RNA polymerase II, through its C-terminal Set2 Rpb1 Interacting (SRI) domain. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that PHRF1 bound to the proximal region adjacent to the transcription start site of ZEB1. SRI-deleted PHRF1 neither associated with Rpb1 nor increased ZEB1’s expression. Collectively, PHRF1 might take the stage at migration and invasion by modulating the expression of ZEB1.
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29
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Wang Q, Shang J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Tang L. MiR-451a restrains the growth and metastatic phenotypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells via inhibiting ZEB1. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:109901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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30
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Bai J, Jiao WY. Down-Regulation of ZEB1 by miR-199a-3p Overexpression Restrains Tumor Stem-Like Properties and Mitochondrial Function of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4607-4616. [PMID: 32547091 PMCID: PMC7250308 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s244525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective MicroRNA-199a-3p (miR-199a-3p or miR-199b-3p) targeting of 3ʹ-UTR of ZEB1 was characterized as an important way to inhibit invasion and metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one of the most common cancers around the world. Here we aimed to investigate the tumor-suppressive role of miR-199a-3p targeted ZEB1. Materials and Methods A549 cells were transfected with ZEB1 and/or miR-199a-3p. Then, tumor growth was investigated in xenograft mice. Stem-like property, proliferation and mitochondria injury were further validated in vitro. Results Overexpression of miR-199a-3p with premiRNAs significantly reduced tumor growth inhibited CD44 and Ki67 and increased Caspase-3 in A549 xenograft mice. Sphere formation and protein expression of stem-like markers showed that miR-199a-3p inhibited stemness of A549 cell. miR-199a-3p reduced proliferation of A549 cells, as showed with EdU staining and reduced expression of Ki67. Transfection of miR-199a-3p also promoted apoptosis, as indicated with increased apoptotic cells with flow cytometry, and increased cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase3 and Bcl-2/Bax. Apoptosis was further validated to be induced with mitochondria dysfunction, which indicated with JC-1 labeled loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced activity of SOD, and increased MDA and LDH. All these effects were inverted with overexpression of ZEB1. Conclusion Altogether, the findings suggested that the up-regulation of miR-199a-3p significantly inhibited NSCLC growth in vivo, and reduced A549 cell proliferation and promoted mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, through down-regulation of ZEB1. The findings supported ZEB1 down-expression with miR-199a-3p as a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bai
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yu Jiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an 710016, People's Republic of China
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31
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Vega OM, Abkenari S, Tong Z, Tedman A, Huerta-Yepez S. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Lung Cancer: nutrition or Pharmacology? Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:541-561. [PMID: 32393071 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1761408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplements for chemoprevention of different types of cancer including lung cancer has been investigated in recent years. ω-3 PUFAs are considered immunonutrients, commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients. ω-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory effects. Lung cancer patients suffer complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain and depression. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) 2017 guidelines for cancer patients only discuss the use of ω-3 PUFAs for cancer-cachexia treatment, leaving aside other cancer-related complications that could potentially be managed by ω-3 PUFAs. This review aims to elucidate whether the effects of ω-3 PUFAs in lung cancer is supplementary, pharmacological or both. In addition, clinical studies, evidence in cell lines and animal models suggest how ω-3 PUFAs induce anticancer effects. ω-3 PUFAs and their metabolites are suggested to modulate pivotal pathways underlying the progression or complications of lung cancer, indicating that this is a promising field to be explored. Further investigation is still required to analyze the benefits of ω-3 PUFAs as supplementation or pharmacological treatment in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Vega
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Shaheen Abkenari
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Zhen Tong
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Austin Tedman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de Mexico, Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico
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32
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Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity contributes to many biological processes, including tumor progression. Various epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) responses have been reported and no common, EMT-defining gene expression program has been identified. Here, we have performed a comparative analysis of the EMT response, leveraging highly multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to measure expression profiles of 103,999 cells from 960 samples, comprising 12 EMT time course experiments and independent kinase inhibitor screens for each. We demonstrate that the EMT is vastly context specific, with an average of only 22% of response genes being shared between any two conditions, and over half of all response genes were restricted to 1–2 time course experiments. Further, kinase inhibitor screens revealed signaling dependencies and modularity of these responses. These findings suggest that the EMT is not simply a single, linear process, but is highly variable and modular, warranting quantitative frameworks for understanding nuances of the transition. It is unclear if a common EMT expression program exists. Here, the authors perform multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing across 12 EMT time courses and 16 kinase inhibitor screens, and find that EMT transcriptional responses are context specific and EMT is not a single, linear transition.
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33
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Jennings W, Epand RM. CDP-diacylglycerol, a critical intermediate in lipid metabolism. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 230:104914. [PMID: 32360136 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The roles of lipids expand beyond the basic building blocks of biological membranes. In addition to forming complex and dynamic barriers, the thousands of different lipid species in the cell contribute to essentially all the processes of life. Specific lipids are increasingly identified in cellular processes, including signal transduction, membrane trafficking, metabolic control and protein regulation. Tight control of their synthesis and degradation is essential for homeostasis. Most of the lipid molecules in the cell originate from a small number of critical intermediates. Thus, regulating the synthesis of intermediates is essential for lipid homeostasis and optimal biological functions. Cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) is an intermediate which occupies a branch point in lipid metabolism. CDP-DAG is incorporated into different synthetic pathways to form distinct phospholipid end-products depending on its location of synthesis. Identification and characterization of CDP-DAG synthases which catalyze the synthesis of CDP-DAG has been hampered by difficulties extracting these membrane-bound enzymes for purification. Recent developments have clarified the cellular localization of the CDP-DAG synthases and identified a new unrelated CDP-DAG synthase enzyme. These findings have contributed to a deeper understanding of the extensive synthetic and signaling networks stemming from this key lipid intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Jennings
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Richard M Epand
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
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Blunsom NJ, Cockcroft S. CDP-Diacylglycerol Synthases (CDS): Gateway to Phosphatidylinositol and Cardiolipin Synthesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:63. [PMID: 32117988 PMCID: PMC7018664 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) is a key intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and cardiolipin (CL). Both PI and CL have highly specialized roles in cells. PI can be phosphorylated and these phosphorylated derivatives play major roles in signal transduction, membrane traffic, and maintenance of the actin cytoskeletal network. CL is the signature lipid of mitochondria and has a plethora of functions including maintenance of cristae morphology, mitochondrial fission, and fusion and for electron transport chain super complex formation. Both lipids are synthesized in different organelles although they share the common intermediate, CDP-DAG. CDP-DAG is synthesized from phosphatidic acid (PA) and CTP by enzymes that display CDP-DAG synthase activities. Two families of enzymes, CDS and TAMM41, which bear no sequence or structural relationship, have now been identified. TAMM41 is a peripheral membrane protein localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane required for CL synthesis. CDS enzymes are ancient integral membrane proteins found in all three domains of life. In mammals, they provide CDP-DAG for PI synthesis and for phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and CL synthesis in prokaryotes. CDS enzymes are critical for maintaining phosphoinositide levels during phospholipase C (PLC) signaling. Hydrolysis of PI (4,5) bisphosphate by PLC requires the resynthesis of PI and CDS enzymes catalyze the rate-limiting step in the process. In mammals, the protein products of two CDS genes (CDS1 and CDS2) localize to the ER and it is suggested that CDS2 is the major CDS for this process. Expression of CDS enzymes are regulated by transcription factors and CDS enzymes may also contribute to CL synthesis in mitochondria. Studies of CDS enzymes in protozoa reveal spatial segregation of CDS enzymes from the rest of the machinery required for both PI and CL synthesis identifying a key gap in our understanding of how CDP-DAG can cross the different membrane compartments in protozoa and in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shamshad Cockcroft
- Division of Biosciences, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Sarkar A, Rahaman A, Biswas I, Mukherjee G, Chatterjee S, Bhattacharjee S, Mandal DP. TGFβ mediated LINC00273 upregulation sponges mir200a‐3p and promotes invasion and metastasis by activating ZEB1. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7159-7172. [PMID: 32017082 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Sarkar
- Department of ZoologyWest Bengal State UniversityKolkata West Bengal India
| | - Ashikur Rahaman
- Department of ZoologyWest Bengal State UniversityKolkata West Bengal India
| | - Ipsita Biswas
- Department of ZoologyWest Bengal State UniversityKolkata West Bengal India
| | - Gopeswar Mukherjee
- Department of PathologyBarasat Cancer Research and Welfare CentreKolkata West Bengal India
| | | | | | - Deba Prasad Mandal
- Department of ZoologyWest Bengal State UniversityKolkata West Bengal India
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36
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Miro C, Di Cicco E, Ambrosio R, Mancino G, Di Girolamo D, Cicatiello AG, Sagliocchi S, Nappi A, De Stefano MA, Luongo C, Antonini D, Visconte F, Varricchio S, Ilardi G, Del Vecchio L, Staibano S, Boelen A, Blanpain C, Missero C, Salvatore D, Dentice M. Thyroid hormone induces progression and invasiveness of squamous cell carcinomas by promoting a ZEB-1/E-cadherin switch. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5410. [PMID: 31776338 PMCID: PMC6881453 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tumor progression often involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We report that increased intracellular levels of thyroid hormone (TH) promote the EMT and malignant evolution of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. TH induces the EMT by transcriptionally up-regulating ZEB-1, mesenchymal genes and metalloproteases and suppresses E-cadherin expression. Accordingly, in human SCC, elevated D2 (the T3-producing enzyme) correlates with tumor grade and is associated with an increased risk of postsurgical relapse and shorter disease-free survival. These data provide the first in vivo demonstration that TH and its activating enzyme, D2, play an effective role not only in the EMT but also in the entire neoplastic cascade starting from tumor formation up to metastatic transformation, and supports the concept that TH is an EMT promoter. Our studies indicate that tumor progression relies on precise T3 availability, suggesting that pharmacological inactivation of D2 and TH signaling may suppress the metastatic proclivity of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Emery Di Cicco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Mancino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Girolamo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Serena Sagliocchi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Nappi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Angela De Stefano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Luongo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Antonini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Varricchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ilardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Staibano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caterina Missero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.
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Blunsom NJ, Gomez-Espinosa E, Ashlin TG, Cockcroft S. Sustained phospholipase C stimulation of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts by vasopressin induces an increase in CDP-diacylglycerol synthase 1 (CDS1) through protein kinase C and cFos. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1072-1082. [PMID: 30862571 PMCID: PMC6495107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stimulation (24 h) with vasopressin leads to hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and this is accompanied by continuous activation of phospholipase C. Consequently, vasopressin stimulation leads to a depletion of phosphatidylinositol levels. The substrate for phospholipase C is phosphatidylinositol (4, 5) bisphosphate (PIP2) and resynthesis of phosphatidylinositol and its subsequent phosphorylation maintains the supply of PIP2. The resynthesis of PI requires the conversion of phosphatidic acid to CDP-diacylglycerol catalysed by CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (CDS) enzymes. To examine whether the resynthesis of PI is regulated by vasopressin stimulation, we focussed on the CDS enzymes. Three CDS enzymes are present in mammalian cells: CDS1 and CDS2 are integral membrane proteins localised at the endoplasmic reticulum and TAMM41 is a peripheral protein localised in the mitochondria. Vasopressin selectively stimulates an increase CDS1 mRNA that is dependent on protein kinase C, and can be inhibited by the AP-1 inhibitor, T-5224. Vasopressin also stimulates an increase in cFos protein which is inhibited by a protein kinase C inhibitor. We conclude that vasopressin stimulates CDS1 mRNA through phospholipase C, protein kinase C and cFos and provides a potential mechanism for maintenance of phosphatidylinositol levels during long-term phospholipase C signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Blunsom
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Evelyn Gomez-Espinosa
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Tim G Ashlin
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Shamshad Cockcroft
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK.
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Blunsom NJ, Cockcroft S. Phosphatidylinositol synthesis at the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158471. [PMID: 31173893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is a minor phospholipid with a characteristic fatty acid profile; it is highly enriched in stearic acid at the sn-1 position and arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position. PI is phosphorylated into seven specific derivatives, and individual species are involved in a vast array of cellular functions including signalling, membrane traffic, ion channel regulation and actin dynamics. De novo PI synthesis takes place at the endoplasmic reticulum where phosphatidic acid (PA) is converted to PI in two enzymatic steps. PA is also produced at the plasma membrane during phospholipase C signalling, where hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol (4,5) bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) leads to the production of diacylglycerol which is rapidly phosphorylated to PA. This PA is transferred to the ER to be also recycled back to PI. For the synthesis of PI, CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (CDS) converts PA to the intermediate, CDP-DG, which is then used by PI synthase to make PI. The de novo synthesised PI undergoes remodelling to acquire its characteristic fatty acid profile, which is altered in p53-mutated cancer cells. In mammals, there are two CDS enzymes at the ER, CDS1 and CDS2. In this review, we summarise the de novo synthesis of PI at the ER and the enzymes involved in its subsequent remodelling to acquire its characteristic acyl chains. We discuss how CDS, the rate limiting enzymes in PI synthesis are regulated by different mechanisms. During phospholipase C signalling, the CDS1 enzyme is specifically upregulated by cFos via protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Blunsom
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Shamshad Cockcroft
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK.
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39
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Cause-and-Effect relationship between FGFR1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer cells. Lung Cancer 2019; 132:132-140. [PMID: 31097086 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased FGFR1 expression is associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells and often concomitant with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the cause-and-effect relationship between increased FGFR1 expression and EMT in the genetic background of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells is not clear. Previous studies have specifically addressed the relationship between EMT and increased FGFR1 expression in the context of simultaneous TKI-mediated blocking of EGFR-signaling. Here, in the context of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells with active EGFR-signaling, we have examined whether increased FGFR1 expression drives EMT or is an EMT passenger event. MATERIALS AND METHODS For cause-and-effect analyses between EMT and FGFR1 expression, including expression of alternative spliced FGFR1 isoforms, we used CRISPR-dCAS9-SAM-mediated induction of the endogenous FGFR1 and ZEB1 genes, as well as biochemical EMT-induction, in PC9 and HCC827 NSCLC cell lines harboring activating EGFR-mutations. RESULTS We find that FGFR1 expression correlates with a ZEB1-associated EMT gene expression profile in NSCLC cells. In experiments using NSCLC cell lines harboring activating EGFR-mutations we show that CRISPR-dCAS9-SAM-mediated induction of FGFR1 expression is neither driving an increase in ZEB1 expression nor EMT characteristics. However, CRISPR-dCAS9-SAM-mediated induction of ZEB1 expression drives EMT characteristics and an increase in FGFR1 expression. Biochemical induction of EMT also drives an increase in FGFR1 expression. CONCLUSION From our findings concerning the cause-and-effect relationship in the genetic background of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells, we conclude that an increase in ZEB1 expression is a driver of EMT resulting in concomitant increased FGFR1 expression, whereas an increase in FGFR1 expression is insufficient to drive concomitant EMT.
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Extracellular Acidosis Modulates the Expression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Markers and Adhesion of Epithelial and Tumor Cells. Neoplasia 2019; 21:450-458. [PMID: 30953950 PMCID: PMC6447725 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process of tumor progression associated with increased metastatic potential. EMT can be activated by external triggers such as cytokines or metabolic parameters (e.g. hypoxia). Since extracellular acidosis is a common finding in tumors, the aim of the study is to analyze its impact on the expression of EMT markers in vitro and in vivo as well as the functional impact on cell adhesion. Therefore, three tumor and two normal epithelial cell lines were incubated for 24 h at pH 6.6 and the expression of EMT markers was studied. In addition, mRNA expression of transcription and metabolic factors related to EMT was measured as well as the functional impact on cell adhesion, either during acidic incubation or after priming cells in an acidic milieu. E-cadherin and N-cadherin were down-regulated in all tumor and normal cell lines studied, whereas vimentin expression increased in only two tumor and one normal cell line. Down-regulation of the cadherins was seen in total protein and to a lesser extent in surface protein. In vivo an increase in N-cadherin and vimentin expression was found. Acidosis up-regulated Twist1 and Acsl1 but down-regulated fumarate hydratase (Fh). Cell adhesion during acidic incubation decreased in AT1 prostate carcinoma cells whereas preceding acidic priming increased their subsequent adhesion. Low tumor pH is able to modulate the expression EMT-related proteins and by this may affect the stability of the tissue structure.
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41
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EMT is associated with an epigenetic signature of ECM remodeling genes. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:205. [PMID: 30814494 PMCID: PMC6393505 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Type III epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been previously associated with increased cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and therefore cancer aggressiveness. This reversible process is associated with an important gene expression reprogramming mainly due to epigenetic plasticity. Nevertheless, most of the studies describing the central role of epigenetic modifications during EMT were performed in a single-cell model and using only one mode of EMT induction. In our study, we studied the overall modulations of gene expression and epigenetic modifications in four different EMT-induced cell models issued from different tissues and using different inducers of EMT. Pangenomic analysis (transcriptome and ChIP–sequencing) validated our hypothesis that gene expression reprogramming during EMT is largely regulated by epigenetic modifications of a wide range of genes. Indeed, our results confirmed that each EMT model is unique and can be associated with a specific transcriptome profile and epigenetic program. However, we could select some genes or pathways that are similarly regulated in the different models and that could therefore be used as a common signature of all EMT models and become new biomarkers of the EMT phenotype. As an example, we can cite the regulation of gene-coding proteins involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are highly induced in all EMT models. Based on our investigations and results, we identified ADAM19 as a new biomarker of in vitro and in vivo EMT and we validated this biological new marker in a cohort of non-small lung carcinomas.
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42
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Kyakulaga AH, Aqil F, Munagala R, Gupta RC. Withaferin A inhibits Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15737. [PMID: 30356176 PMCID: PMC6200817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and in the United States. Despite recent advancements in treatment approaches, metastasis remains a major therapeutic challenge in lung cancer and explains the extremely poor prognosis. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a complex process of cellular reprogramming has become an attractive drug target because it plays a crucial role in the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we examined the effects of withaferin A (WFA), a plant-derived steroidal lactone on EMT in human NSCLC cell lines. First, we demonstrated that WFA displayed time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity on A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells. Then, cells were exposed to ≤ 0.5 µM WFA for ≤ 4 h to minimize cytotoxicity and determined its effects on EMT, cell adhesion, motility, migration, and invasion. EMT induction was performed by culturing cells in serum-free media containing TGFβ1 (5 ng/mL) and TNFα (25 ng/mL) for 48 h. We observed that pretreatment of cells with WFA inhibited cell adhesion, migration, and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells. Using western blot, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR analysis, we demonstrated that WFA suppressed TGFβ1 and TNFα-induced EMT in both cell lines. Mechanistically, WFA suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 and NF-κB in A549 and H1299 cells. Together, our study provides additional evidence demonstrating the inhibitory effects of WFA on EMT induction in NSCLC cells and further demonstrates the therapeutic potential of WFA against the metastasis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Hassan Kyakulaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Radha Munagala
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ramesh C Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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43
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Jolly MK, Preca BT, Tripathi SC, Jia D, George JT, Hanash SM, Brabletz T, Stemmler MP, Maurer J, Levine H. Interconnected feedback loops among ESRP1, HAS2, and CD44 regulate epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:031908. [PMID: 31069317 PMCID: PMC6324214 DOI: 10.1063/1.5024874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in carcinoma cells contributes to increased migration and invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and tumor-initiating capacity. EMT is not always a binary process; rather, cells may exhibit a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype. ZEB1-a key transcription factor driving EMT-can both induce and maintain a mesenchymal phenotype. Recent studies have identified two novel autocrine feedback loops utilizing epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 (ESRP1), hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2), and CD44 which maintain high levels of ZEB1. However, how the crosstalk between these feedback loops alters the dynamics of epithelial-hybrid-mesenchymal transition remains elusive. Here, using an integrated theoretical-experimental framework, we identify that these feedback loops can enable cells to stably maintain a hybrid E/M phenotype. Moreover, computational analysis identifies the regulation of ESRP1 as a crucial node, a prediction that is validated by experiments showing that knockdown of ESRP1 in stable hybrid E/M H1975 cells drives EMT. Finally, in multiple breast cancer datasets, high levels of ESRP1, ESRP1/HAS2, and ESRP1/ZEB1 correlate with poor prognosis, supporting the relevance of ZEB1/ESRP1 and ZEB1/HAS2 axes in tumor progression. Together, our results unravel how these interconnected feedback loops act in concert to regulate ZEB1 levels and to drive the dynamics of epithelial-hybrid-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice
University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Satyendra C. Tripathi
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, UT MD
Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
| | | | | | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, UT MD
Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I,
Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054,
Germany
| | - Marc P. Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine I,
Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander
University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054,
Germany
| | - Jochen Maurer
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: and
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Zacharias M, Brcic L, Eidenhammer S, Popper H. Bulk tumour cell migration in lung carcinomas might be more common than epithelial-mesenchymal transition and be differently regulated. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:717. [PMID: 29976164 PMCID: PMC6034257 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one mechanism of carcinoma migration, while complex tumour migration or bulk migration is another - best demontrated by tumour cells invading blood vessels. Methods Thirty cases of non-small cell lung carcinomas were used for identifying genes responsible for bulk cell migration, 232 squamous cell and adenocarcinomas to identify bulk migration rates. Genes expressed differently in the primary tumour and in the invasion front were regarded as relevant in migration and further validated in 528 NSCLC cases represented on tissue microarrays (TMAs) and metastasis TMAs. Results Markers relevant for bulk cancer cell migration were regulated differently when compared with EMT: Twist expressed in primary tumour, invasion front, and metastasis was not associated with TGFβ1 and canonical Wnt, as Slug, Snail, and Smads were negative and β-Catenin expressed membraneously. In the majority of tumours, E-Cadherin was downregulated at the invasive front, but not absent, but, coexpressed with N-Cadherin. Vimentin was coexpressed with cytokeratins at the invasion site in few cases, whereas fascin expression was seen in a majority. Expression of ERK1/2 was downregulated, PLCγ was only expressed at the invasive front and in metastasis. Brk and Mad, genes identified in Drosophila border cell migration, might be important for bulk migration and metastasis, together with invadipodia proteins Tks5 and Rab40B, which were only upregulated at the invasive front and in metastasis. CXCR1 was expressed equally in all carcinomas, as opposed to CXCR2 and 4, which were only expressed in few tumours. Conclusion Bulk cancer cell migration seems predominant in AC and SCC. Twist, vimentin, fascin, Mad, Brk, Tsk5, Rab40B, ERK1/2 and PLCγ are associated with bulk cancer cell migration. This type of migration requires an orchestrated activation of proteins to keep the cells bound to each other and to coordinate movement. This hypothesis needs to be proven experimentally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4640-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zacharias
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Sylvia Eidenhammer
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Helmut Popper
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria.
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45
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Wu X, Liu W, Liu X, Ai Q, Yu J. Overexpression of MCPH1 inhibits the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3111-3117. [PMID: 29872322 PMCID: PMC5975609 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s156102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of dysfunction of MCPH1, a recently identified tumor suppressor gene, has not yet been established in lung cancer. In our previous study, it was reported that MCPH1 expression is downregulated in lung cancer tissues and that MCPH1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of non-small-cell lung cancer cells. The results can be found in the APJC and Oncology Letters journals. Methods Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to explore the prognostic significance of MCPH1. Cell experiments were performed to investigate the effects of MCPH1 on the biologic behaviors of lung cancer cells. Results In the current study, microarray analysis of MCPH1 revealed that lung cancer patients with high MCPH1 expression had longer relapse-free survival. Overexpression of MCPH1 in A549 lung carcinoma cells successfully inhibited cell migration and invasion. Moreover, overexpression of MCPH1 inhibited migration and invasion by regulating the activities of several proteins that control the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, such as Slug, Snail, E-cadherin, Mdm2, and p53. Conclusion Our results indicate that downregulation of MCPH1 correlates with tumor progression in lung cancer, and hence MCPH1 may be an important tumor suppressor gene and a novel candidate therapeutic target in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Wu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Liu
- Otolaryngology, The Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Ai
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Yu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Harb OA, Elfeky MA, El Shafaay BS, Taha HF, Osman G, Harera IS, Gertallah LM, Abdelmonem DM, Embaby A. SPOP, ZEB-1 and E-cadherin expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cc-RCC): Clinicopathological and prognostic significance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:335-345. [PMID: 29801752 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cc-RCC), is a serious cancer regarding; its fatality, liability for metastases and chemoresistance, so identification of recent therapeutic targets to improve the patients prognosis is needed. SPOP is a BTB/POZ domain containing speckle-type POZ protein, has been identified as an E3 ubiquitin ligase component. ZEB1 is an essential epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) activator; E-cadherin is a cell adhesion protein that had been detected in normal epithelial cells membrane. AIM Was to assess the tissue protein markers SPOP, ZEB1 & E-cadherin expressions in benign areas of neoplastic kidney specimens and in cc-RCC patients, then correlating their expression levels with patients clinicopathological and prognostic data. METHODS We evaluated SPOP, ZEB-1 & E-cadherin expression using immunohistochemistry in samples from 50 cc-RCC and 20 benign areas of neoplastic kidney specimens, then we followed our patients for 5 years and finally we have analyzed correlations between the levels of markers expressions with patients clinicopathological and prognostic criteria in cc-RCC. RESULTS Positive expression of SPOP & ZEB1 in addition to negative E- cadherin expression was detected in cc-RCC more than benign areas of neoplastic kidney specimens (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001 respectively). In cc-RCC Positive expression of SPOP, ZEB1 and negative E- cadherin expression was associated with higher grade (p = 0.006, 0.007 & <0.001 respectively), advanced AJCC stage (p = 0.013, 0.023 & <0.001 respectively), presence of L.N metastases (p = 0.002 = 0.010 and <0.001 respectively), distant metastases (p = 0.001, 0.003 & 0.035 respectively), poor PFS and OS rates (p < 0.001 and p = 0.013 respectively). CONCLUSION Positive expression of SPOP& ZEB1 in addition to negative E- cadherin are associated with poor prognosis in cc-RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A Harb
- Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Mariem A Elfeky
- Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Basant Sh El Shafaay
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Heba F Taha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Gamal Osman
- Department of General surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Ibtsam Shehta Harera
- Department of General surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Loay M Gertallah
- Department of General surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | | | - Ahmed Embaby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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Fu J, Zheng H, Cui Q, Chen C, Bao S, Sun J, Li L, Yang B, Wang H, Hou Y, Xu Y, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Pi J. Nfe2l1-silenced insulinoma cells acquire aggressiveness and chemoresistance. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:185-200. [PMID: 29203613 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 1 (NFE2L1 or NRF1) is involved in various critical cell processes such as maintenance of ubiquitin-proteasome system and regulation of the cellular antioxidant response. We previously determined that pancreatic β-cell-specific Nfe2l1-knockout mice had hyperinsulinemia and that silencing of Nfe2l1 in mouse islets or MIN6 insulinoma β-cells induced elevated basal insulin release and altered glucose metabolism. Hypoglycemia is a major issue with aggressive insulinomas, although a role of NFE2L1 in this pathology is not defined. In the present work, we studied the tumorigenicity of Nfe2l1-deficient insulinoma MIN6 cells (Nfe2l1-KD) and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Nfe2l1-KD cells grew faster and were more aggressive than Scramble cells in vitro In a mouse allograft transplantation model, insulinomas arising from Nfe2l1-KD cells were more aggressive and chemoresistant. The conclusion was amplified using streptozotocin (STZ) administration in an allograft transplantation model in diabetic Akita background mice. Furthermore, Nfe2l1-KD cells were resistant to damage by the chemotherapeutic drugs STZ and 5-fluorouracil, which was linked to binding of hexokinase 1 with mitochondria, enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and closed mitochondrial potential transition pore. Overall, both in vitro and in vivo data from Nfe2l1-KD insulinoma cells provided evidence of a previously un-appreciated action of NFE2L1 in suppression of tumorigenesis. Nfe2l1 silencing desensitizes insulinoma cells and derived tumors to chemotherapeutic-induced damage, likely via metabolic reprograming. These data indicate that NFE2L1 could potentially play an important role in the carcinogenic process and impact chemosensitivity, at least within a subset of pancreatic endocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Zheng
- Department of Geriatric EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cui
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Simeng Bao
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Yang
- Department of Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyong Hou
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental HealthRollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental ToxicologySchool of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Asgarova A, Asgarov K, Godet Y, Peixoto P, Nadaradjane A, Boyer-Guittaut M, Galaine J, Guenat D, Mougey V, Perrard J, Pallandre JR, Bouard A, Balland J, Tirole C, Adotevi O, Hendrick E, Herfs M, Cartron PF, Borg C, Hervouet E. PD-L1 expression is regulated by both DNA methylation and NF-kB during EMT signaling in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1423170. [PMID: 29721376 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1423170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells, which undergo Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) acquire increased capacities of proliferation, invasion and have the ability to generate metastases by escaping the immune system during their systemic migration. To escape the immune system, cancer cells may induce tolerance or resist elimination by immune effectors via multiple mechanisms and we hypothesized that EMT may control the expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors, then promoting immune evasion. PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) but not PD-L2 nor Galectin 9 or Death receptor (DR4, DR5 and Fas) and ligands (FasL and TRAIL) expression was up-regulated during cytokine-driven EMT in a reversible manner. Moreover PD-L1 is overexpressed in VIMENTIN positive NSCLC tissues. We also demonstrated that the expression of PD-L1 required both TNFα and TGFβ1. Indeed, TGFβ1 decreased DNMT1 content and that resulted in PD-L1 promoter demethylation whereas TNFα induced the NF-κB pathway that promoted expression of demethylated PD-L1 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asgarova
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - K Asgarov
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - Y Godet
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France.,University Hospital of Besançon, Medical Oncology Department, Besançon, France
| | - P Peixoto
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France.,EPIGENExp (EPIgenetics and GENe EXPression Technical Platform), Besançon, France
| | - A Nadaradjane
- INSERM unit S1232, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest, Nantes, France.,member of the REpiCGO (Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, France) and EpiSAVMEN (Région Pays de la Loire, France) networks, France
| | - M Boyer-Guittaut
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - J Galaine
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - D Guenat
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - V Mougey
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - J Perrard
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - J R Pallandre
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - A Bouard
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - J Balland
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - C Tirole
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - O Adotevi
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France.,University Hospital of Besançon, Medical Oncology Department, Besançon, France
| | - E Hendrick
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | - M Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - P F Cartron
- INSERM unit S1232, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest, Nantes, France.,member of the REpiCGO (Cancéropole Grand-Ouest, France) and EpiSAVMEN (Région Pays de la Loire, France) networks, France
| | - C Borg
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France.,University Hospital of Besançon, Medical Oncology Department, Besançon, France.,Clinical Investigation center-Biotherapy 1431, Besançon, France
| | - E Hervouet
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, F-25000, Besançon, France.,EPIGENExp (EPIgenetics and GENe EXPression Technical Platform), Besançon, France
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49
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Song KA, Niederst MJ, Lochmann TL, Hata AN, Kitai H, Ham J, Floros KV, Hicks MA, Hu H, Mulvey HE, Drier Y, Heisey DAR, Hughes MT, Patel NU, Lockerman EL, Garcia A, Gillepsie S, Archibald HL, Gomez-Caraballo M, Nulton TJ, Windle BE, Piotrowska Z, Sahingur SE, Taylor SM, Dozmorov M, Sequist LV, Bernstein B, Ebi H, Engelman JA, Faber AC. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Antagonizes Response to Targeted Therapies in Lung Cancer by Suppressing BIM. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:197-208. [PMID: 29051323 PMCID: PMC5959009 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers resistance to a number of targeted therapies and chemotherapies. However, it has been unclear why EMT promotes resistance, thereby impairing progress to overcome it.Experimental Design: We have developed several models of EMT-mediated resistance to EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi) in EGFR-mutant lung cancers to evaluate a novel mechanism of EMT-mediated resistance.Results: We observed that mesenchymal EGFR-mutant lung cancers are resistant to EGFRi-induced apoptosis via insufficient expression of BIM, preventing cell death despite potent suppression of oncogenic signaling following EGFRi treatment. Mechanistically, we observed that the EMT transcription factor ZEB1 inhibits BIM expression by binding directly to the BIM promoter and repressing transcription. Derepression of BIM expression by depletion of ZEB1 or treatment with the BH3 mimetic ABT-263 to enhance "free" cellular BIM levels both led to resensitization of mesenchymal EGFR-mutant cancers to EGFRi. This relationship between EMT and loss of BIM is not restricted to EGFR-mutant lung cancers, as it was also observed in KRAS-mutant lung cancers and large datasets, including different cancer subtypes.Conclusions: Altogether, these data reveal a novel mechanistic link between EMT and resistance to lung cancer targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 197-208. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Song
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Matthew J Niederst
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Timothy L Lochmann
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hidenori Kitai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Jungoh Ham
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Konstantinos V Floros
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark A Hicks
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Haichuan Hu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hillary E Mulvey
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yotam Drier
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel A R Heisey
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mark T Hughes
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Neha U Patel
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Elizabeth L Lockerman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angel Garcia
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shawn Gillepsie
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah L Archibald
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Gomez-Caraballo
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tara J Nulton
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Brad E Windle
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Zofia Piotrowska
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sinem E Sahingur
- Department of Periodontics, VCU School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shirley M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Lecia V Sequist
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bradley Bernstein
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiromichi Ebi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Jeffrey A Engelman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anthony C Faber
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia.
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50
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Kim S, Yang JW, Kim C, Kim MG. Impact of suppression of tumorigenicity 14 (ST14)/serine protease 14 (Prss14) expression analysis on the prognosis and management of estrogen receptor negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:34643-63. [PMID: 27167193 PMCID: PMC5085182 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the role of a type II transmembrane serine protease, ST14/Prss14, during breast cancer progression, we utilized publically accessible databases including TCGA, GEO, NCI-60, and CCLE. Survival of breast cancer patients with high ST14/Prss14 expression is significantly poor in estrogen receptor (ER) negative populations regardless of the ratios of ST14/Prss14 to its inhibitors, SPINT1 or SPINT2. In a clustering of 1085 selected EMT signature genes, ST14/Prss14 is located in the same cluster with CDH3, and closer to post-EMT markers, CDH2, VIM, and FN1 than to the pre-EMT marker, CDH1. Coexpression analyses of known ST14/Prss14 substrates and transcription factors revealed context dependent action. In cell lines, paradoxically, ST14/Prss14 expression is higher in the ER positive group and located closer to CDH1 in clustering. This apparent contradiction is not likely due to ST14/Prss14 expression in a cancer microenvironment, nor due to negative regulation by ER. Genes consistently coexpressed with ST14/Prss14 include transcription factors, ELF5, GRHL1, VGLL1, suggesting currently unknown mechanisms for regulation. Here, we report that ST14/Prss14 is an emerging therapeutic target for breast cancer where HER2 is not applicable. In addition we suggest that careful conclusions should be drawn not exclusively from the cell line studies for target development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauryang Kim
- Inha University, Department of Biological Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woong Yang
- Inha University, Department of Biological Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Gyo Kim
- Inha University, Department of Biological Sciences, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Convergent Research Institute for Metabolism and Immunoregulation, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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