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Pederiva F, Rothenberg SS, Hall N, Ijsselstijn H, Wong KKY, von der Thüsen J, Ciet P, Achiron R, Pio d'Adamo A, Schnater JM. Congenital lung malformations. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:60. [PMID: 37919294 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Congenital lung malformations (CLMs) are rare developmental anomalies of the lung, including congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM), bronchopulmonary sequestration, congenital lobar overinflation, bronchogenic cyst and isolated congenital bronchial atresia. CLMs occur in 4 out of 10,000 live births. Postnatal presentation ranges from an asymptomatic infant to respiratory failure. CLMs are typically diagnosed with antenatal ultrasonography and confirmed by chest CT angiography in the first few months of life. Although surgical treatment is the gold standard for symptomatic CLMs, a consensus on asymptomatic cases has not been reached. Resection, either thoracoscopically or through thoracotomy, minimizes the risk of local morbidity, including recurrent infections and pneumothorax, and avoids the risk of malignancies that have been associated with CPAM, bronchopulmonary sequestration and bronchogenic cyst. However, some surgeons suggest expectant management as the incidence of adverse outcomes, including malignancy, remains unknown. In either case, a planned follow-up and a proper transition to adult care are needed. The biological mechanisms through which some CLMs may trigger malignant transformation are under investigation. KRAS has already been confirmed to be somatically mutated in CPAM and other genetic susceptibilities linked to tumour development have been explored. By summarizing current progress in CLM diagnosis, management and molecular understanding we hope to highlight open questions that require urgent attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pederiva
- Paediatric Surgery, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, ASST Settelaghi, Varese, Italy.
| | - Steven S Rothenberg
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Nigel Hall
- University Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hanneke Ijsselstijn
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Intensive Care, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth K Y Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jan von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pierluigi Ciet
- Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Reuven Achiron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel-Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - J Marco Schnater
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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de Oliveira ASLE, de Siqueira RC, Nait-Meddour C, Tricarico PM, Moura R, Agrelli A, d'Adamo AP, Jamain S, Crovella S, de Fátima Medeiros Brito M, Boniotto M, Brandão LAC. A loss-of-function NCSTN mutation associated with familial Dowling Degos disease and hidradenitis suppurativa. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1935-1945. [PMID: 37665193 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Dowling Degos disease (DDD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by acquired, slowly progressive reticulated pigmented lesions primarily involving flexural skin areas. Mutations in KRT5, POGLUT-1 and POFUT-1 genes have been associated with DDD, and loss-of-function mutations in PSENEN, a subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, were found in patients presenting with DDD or DDD comorbid with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). A nonsense mutation in NCSTN, another subunit of the gamma-secretase, was already described in a patient suffering from HS and DDD but whether NCSTN could be considered a novel gene for DDD is still debated. Here, we enrolled a four-generation family with HS and DDD. Through Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) we identified a novel nonsense mutation in the NCSTN gene in all the affected family members. To study the impact of this variant, we isolated outer root sheath cells from patients' hair follicles. We showed that this variant leads to a premature stop codon, activates a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and causes NCSTN haploinsufficiency in affected individuals. In fact, cells treated with gentamicin, a readthrough agent, had the NCSTN levels corrected. Moreover, we observed that this haploinsufficiency also affects other subunits of the gamma-secretase complex, possibly causing DDD. Our findings clearly support NCSTN as a novel DDD gene and suggest carefully investigating this co-occurrence in HS patients carrying a mutation in the NCSTN gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cécile Nait-Meddour
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ronald Moura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Materials (LMNANO), Center for Strategic Technologies Northeastern (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Sergio Crovella
- LARC Laboratory Animal Research Center, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Michele Boniotto
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Lucas André Cavalcanti Brandão
- Keizo Asami Institute-iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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3
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Bottega R, Marzollo A, Marinoni M, Athanasakis E, Persico I, Bianco AM, Faleschini M, Valencic E, Simoncini D, Rossini L, Corsolini F, La Bianca M, Robustelli G, Gabelli M, Agosti M, Biffi A, Grotto P, Bozzi V, Noris P, Burlina AB, Pio d'Adamo A, Tommasini A, Faletra F, Pastore A, Savoia A. GNE-related thrombocytopenia: evidence for a mutational hotspot in the ADP/substrate domain of the GNE bifunctional enzyme. Haematologica 2021; 107:750-754. [PMID: 34788986 PMCID: PMC8883527 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bottega
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste
| | - Antonio Marzollo
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua, Italy; Fondazione Città della Speranza, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Via Ricerca Scientifica, 4, 35127, Padua
| | | | | | - Ilaria Persico
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona
| | | | | | - Erica Valencic
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste
| | | | - Linda Rossini
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- LABSIEM - Laboratory for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Pediatric Clinic and Endocrinology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste
| | | | - Maria Gabelli
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua
| | - Massimo Agosti
- Maternal and Child Department, F. Del Ponte Hospital, Varese
| | - Alessandra Biffi
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padua University Hospital, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padua
| | - Paolo Grotto
- Pediatric Department, Hospital of Treviso - Oderzo, Treviso
| | - Valeria Bozzi
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia
| | - Patrizia Noris
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, Pavia
| | - Alberto B Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Regional Center for Expanded Neonatal Screening Department of Women and Children's Health, University Hospital of Padova, Padova
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste
| | - Flavio Faletra
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- King's College London, Dept. of Clinical Neuroscience, Denmark Hill Campus, London, United Kingdom; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 71, Grenoble
| | - Anna Savoia
- Istitute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste.
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4
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Patrizi S, Pederiva F, d'Adamo AP. Whole-Genome Methylation Study of Congenital Lung Malformations in Children. Front Oncol 2021; 11:689833. [PMID: 34262872 PMCID: PMC8273538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.689833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The treatment of asymptomatic patients with congenital pulmonary malformations (CPMs) remains controversial, partially because the relationship between congenital lung malformations and malignancy is still undefined. Change in methylation pattern is a crucial event in human cancer, including lung cancer. We therefore studied all differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in a series of CPMs in an attempt to find methylation anomalies in genes already described in association with malignancy. Methods The DNA extracted from resected congenital lung malformations and control lung tissue was screened using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. Comparisons between the group of malformed samples or the malformed samples of same histology or each malformed sample and the controls and between a pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) and controls were performed. Moreover, each malformed sample was pairwise compared with its respective control. All differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with an adjusted p-value <0,05 were studied. Results Every comparison highlighted a number of DMRs closed to genes involved either in cell proliferation or in embryonic development or included in the Cancer Gene Census. Their abnormal methylation had been already described in lung tumors. Conclusions Methylation anomalies already described in lung tumors and also shared by the PPB were found in congenital lung malformations, regardless the histology. The presence of methylation abnormalities is suggestive of a correlation between congenital lung malformations and some step of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Patrizi
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Pederiva
- Pediatric Surgery, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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5
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Agnoletto C, Corrà F, Minotti L, Baldassari F, Crudele F, Cook WJJ, Di Leva G, d'Adamo AP, Gasparini P, Volinia S. Heterogeneity in Circulating Tumor Cells: The Relevance of the Stem-Cell Subset. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040483. [PMID: 30959764 PMCID: PMC6521045 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) into vasculature is an early event in the metastatic process. The analysis of CTCs in patients has recently received widespread attention because of its clinical implications, particularly for precision medicine. Accumulated evidence documents a large heterogeneity in CTCs across patients. Currently, the most accepted view is that tumor cells with an intermediate phenotype between epithelial and mesenchymal have the highest plasticity. Indeed, the existence of a meta-stable or partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) cell state, with both epithelial and mesenchymal features, can be easily reconciled with the concept of a highly plastic stem-like state. A close connection between EMT and cancer stem cells (CSC) traits, with enhanced metastatic competence and drug resistance, has also been described. Accordingly, a subset of CTCs consisting of CSC, present a stemness profile, are able to survive chemotherapy, and generate metastases after xenotransplantation in immunodeficient mice. In the present review, we discuss the current evidence connecting CTCs, EMT, and stemness. An improved understanding of the CTC/EMT/CSC connections may uncover novel therapeutic targets, irrespective of the tumor type, since most cancers seem to harbor a pool of CSCs, and disclose important mechanisms underlying tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Agnoletto
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Fabio Corrà
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Linda Minotti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Federica Baldassari
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Francesca Crudele
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | | | - Gianpiero Di Leva
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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6
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Morgan A, Gandin I, Belcaro C, Palumbo P, Palumbo O, Biamino E, Dal Col V, Laurini E, Pricl S, Bosco P, Carella M, Ferrero GB, Romano C, d'Adamo AP, Faletra F, Vozzi D. Target sequencing approach intended to discover new mutations in non-syndromic intellectual disability. Mutat Res 2015; 781:32-6. [PMID: 26411299 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The technological improvements over the last years made considerable progresses in the knowledge of the etiology of intellectual Disability (ID). However, at present very little is known about the genetic heterogeneity underlying the non-syndromic form of ID (NS-ID). To investigate the genetic basis of NS-ID we analyzed 43 trios and 22 isolated NS-ID patients using a targeted sequencing (TS) approach. 71 NS-ID genes have been selected and sequenced in all subjects. We found putative pathogenic mutations in 7 out of 65 patients. The pathogenic role of mutations was evaluated through sequence comparison and structural analysis was performed to predict the effect of alterations in a 3D computational model through molecular dynamics simulations. Additionally, a deep patient clinical re-evaluation has been performed after the molecular results. This approach allowed us to find novel pathogenic mutations with a detection rate close to 11% in our cohort of patients. This result supports the hypothesis that many NS-ID related genes still remain to be discovered and that NS-ID is a more complex phenotype compared to syndromic form, likely caused by a complex and broad interaction between genes alterations and environment factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Morgan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Belcaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Pietro Palumbo
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Elisa Biamino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Dal Col
- MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Bosco
- UOC Laboratory of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima, 94018 Troina, EN, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | | | - Corrado Romano
- Unit of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, IRCCS Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima, 94018 Troina, EN, Italy
| | | | - Flavio Faletra
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Diego Vozzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
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7
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O'Seaghdha CM, Wu H, Yang Q, Kapur K, Guessous I, Zuber AM, Köttgen A, Stoudmann C, Teumer A, Kutalik Z, Mangino M, Dehghan A, Zhang W, Eiriksdottir G, Li G, Tanaka T, Portas L, Lopez LM, Hayward C, Lohman K, Matsuda K, Padmanabhan S, Firsov D, Sorice R, Ulivi S, Brockhaus AC, Kleber ME, Mahajan A, Ernst FD, Gudnason V, Launer LJ, Mace A, Boerwinckle E, Arking DE, Tanikawa C, Nakamura Y, Brown MJ, Gaspoz JM, Theler JM, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM, Bergmann S, Vollenweider P, Vitart V, Wright AF, Zemunik T, Boban M, Kolcic I, Navarro P, Brown EM, Estrada K, Ding J, Harris TB, Bandinelli S, Hernandez D, Singleton AB, Girotto G, Ruggiero D, d'Adamo AP, Robino A, Meitinger T, Meisinger C, Davies G, Starr JM, Chambers JC, Boehm BO, Winkelmann BR, Huang J, Murgia F, Wild SH, Campbell H, Morris AP, Franco OH, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Völker U, Hannemann A, Biffar R, Hoffmann W, Shin SY, Lescuyer P, Henry H, Schurmann C, Munroe PB, Gasparini P, Pirastu N, Ciullo M, Gieger C, März W, Lind L, Spector TD, Smith AV, Rudan I, Wilson JF, Polasek O, Deary IJ, Pirastu M, Ferrucci L, Liu Y, Kestenbaum B, Kooner JS, Witteman JCM, Nauck M, Kao WHL, Wallaschofski H, Bonny O, Fox CS, Bochud M. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies six new Loci for serum calcium concentrations. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003796. [PMID: 24068962 PMCID: PMC3778004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is vital to the normal functioning of multiple organ systems and its serum concentration is tightly regulated. Apart from CASR, the genes associated with serum calcium are largely unknown. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 39,400 individuals from 17 population-based cohorts and investigated the 14 most strongly associated loci in ≤21,679 additional individuals. Seven loci (six new regions) in association with serum calcium were identified and replicated. Rs1570669 near CYP24A1 (P = 9.1E-12), rs10491003 upstream of GATA3 (P = 4.8E-09) and rs7481584 in CARS (P = 1.2E-10) implicate regions involved in Mendelian calcemic disorders: Rs1550532 in DGKD (P = 8.2E-11), also associated with bone density, and rs7336933 near DGKH/KIAA0564 (P = 9.1E-10) are near genes that encode distinct isoforms of diacylglycerol kinase. Rs780094 is in GCKR. We characterized the expression of these genes in gut, kidney, and bone, and demonstrate modulation of gene expression in bone in response to dietary calcium in mice. Our results shed new light on the genetics of calcium homeostasis. Calcium is vital to many biological processes and its serum concentration is tightly regulated. Family studies have shown that serum calcium is under strong genetic control. Apart from CASR, the genes associated with serum calcium are largely unknown. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 39,400 individuals from 17 population-based cohorts and investigated the 14 most strongly associated loci in ≤21,679 additional individuals. We identified seven loci (six new regions) as being robustly associated with serum calcium. Three loci implicate regions involved in rare monogenic diseases including disturbances of serum calcium levels. Several of the newly identified loci harbor genes linked to the hormonal control of serum calcium. In mice experiments, we characterized the expression of these genes in gut, kidney, and bone, and explored the influence of dietary calcium intake on the expression of these genes in these organs. Our results shed new light on the genetics of calcium homeostasis and suggest a role for dietary calcium intake in bone-specific gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conall M O'Seaghdha
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study and Center for Population Studies, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Renal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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8
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van der Harst P, Zhang W, Mateo Leach I, Rendon A, Verweij N, Sehmi J, Paul DS, Elling U, Allayee H, Li X, Radhakrishnan A, Tan ST, Voss K, Weichenberger CX, Albers CA, Al-Hussani A, Asselbergs FW, Ciullo M, Danjou F, Dina C, Esko T, Evans DM, Franke L, Gögele M, Hartiala J, Hersch M, Holm H, Hottenga JJ, Kanoni S, Kleber ME, Lagou V, Langenberg C, Lopez LM, Lyytikäinen LP, Melander O, Murgia F, Nolte IM, O'Reilly PF, Padmanabhan S, Parsa A, Pirastu N, Porcu E, Portas L, Prokopenko I, Ried JS, Shin SY, Tang CS, Teumer A, Traglia M, Ulivi S, Westra HJ, Yang J, Zhao JH, Anni F, Abdellaoui A, Attwood A, Balkau B, Bandinelli S, Bastardot F, Benyamin B, Boehm BO, Cookson WO, Das D, de Bakker PIW, de Boer RA, de Geus EJC, de Moor MH, Dimitriou M, Domingues FS, Döring A, Engström G, Eyjolfsson GI, Ferrucci L, Fischer K, Galanello R, Garner SF, Genser B, Gibson QD, Girotto G, Gudbjartsson DF, Harris SE, Hartikainen AL, Hastie CE, Hedblad B, Illig T, Jolley J, Kähönen M, Kema IP, Kemp JP, Liang L, Lloyd-Jones H, Loos RJF, Meacham S, Medland SE, Meisinger C, Memari Y, Mihailov E, Miller K, Moffatt MF, Nauck M, Novatchkova M, Nutile T, Olafsson I, Onundarson PT, Parracciani D, Penninx BW, Perseu L, Piga A, Pistis G, Pouta A, Puc U, Raitakari O, Ring SM, Robino A, Ruggiero D, Ruokonen A, Saint-Pierre A, Sala C, Salumets A, Sambrook J, Schepers H, Schmidt CO, Silljé HHW, Sladek R, Smit JH, Starr JM, Stephens J, Sulem P, Tanaka T, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tragante V, van Gilst WH, van Pelt LJ, van Veldhuisen DJ, Völker U, Whitfield JB, Willemsen G, Winkelmann BR, Wirnsberger G, Algra A, Cucca F, d'Adamo AP, Danesh J, Deary IJ, Dominiczak AF, Elliott P, Fortina P, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Greinacher A, Hazen SL, Jarvelin MR, Khaw KT, Lehtimäki T, Maerz W, Martin NG, Metspalu A, Mitchell BD, Montgomery GW, Moore C, Navis G, Pirastu M, Pramstaller PP, Ramirez-Solis R, Schadt E, Scott J, Shuldiner AR, Smith GD, Smith JG, Snieder H, Sorice R, Spector TD, Stefansson K, Stumvoll M, Tang WHW, Toniolo D, Tönjes A, Visscher PM, Vollenweider P, Wareham NJ, Wolffenbuttel BHR, Boomsma DI, Beckmann JS, Dedoussis GV, Deloukas P, Ferreira MA, Sanna S, Uda M, Hicks AA, Penninger JM, Gieger C, Kooner JS, Ouwehand WH, Soranzo N, Chambers JC. Seventy-five genetic loci influencing the human red blood cell. Nature 2012; 492:369-75. [PMID: 23222517 DOI: 10.1038/nature11677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Anaemia is a chief determinant of global ill health, contributing to cognitive impairment, growth retardation and impaired physical capacity. To understand further the genetic factors influencing red blood cells, we carried out a genome-wide association study of haemoglobin concentration and related parameters in up to 135,367 individuals. Here we identify 75 independent genetic loci associated with one or more red blood cell phenotypes at P < 10(-8), which together explain 4-9% of the phenotypic variance per trait. Using expression quantitative trait loci and bioinformatic strategies, we identify 121 candidate genes enriched in functions relevant to red blood cell biology. The candidate genes are expressed preferentially in red blood cell precursors, and 43 have haematopoietic phenotypes in Mus musculus or Drosophila melanogaster. Through open-chromatin and coding-variant analyses we identify potential causal genetic variants at 41 loci. Our findings provide extensive new insights into genetic mechanisms and biological pathways controlling red blood cell formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Boraska V, Jerončić A, Colonna V, Southam L, Nyholt DR, Rayner NW, Perry JRB, Toniolo D, Albrecht E, Ang W, Bandinelli S, Barbalic M, Barroso I, Beckmann JS, Biffar R, Boomsma D, Campbell H, Corre T, Erdmann J, Esko T, Fischer K, Franceschini N, Frayling TM, Girotto G, Gonzalez JR, Harris TB, Heath AC, Heid IM, Hoffmann W, Hofman A, Horikoshi M, Zhao JH, Jackson AU, Hottenga JJ, Jula A, Kähönen M, Khaw KT, Kiemeney LA, Klopp N, Kutalik Z, Lagou V, Launer LJ, Lehtimäki T, Lemire M, Lokki ML, Loley C, Luan J, Mangino M, Mateo Leach I, Medland SE, Mihailov E, Montgomery GW, Navis G, Newnham J, Nieminen MS, Palotie A, Panoutsopoulou K, Peters A, Pirastu N, Polasek O, Rehnström K, Ripatti S, Ritchie GRS, Rivadeneira F, Robino A, Samani NJ, Shin SY, Sinisalo J, Smit JH, Soranzo N, Stolk L, Swinkels DW, Tanaka T, Teumer A, Tönjes A, Traglia M, Tuomilehto J, Valsesia A, van Gilst WH, van Meurs JBJ, Smith AV, Viikari J, Vink JM, Waeber G, Warrington NM, Widen E, Willemsen G, Wright AF, Zanke BW, Zgaga L, Boehnke M, d'Adamo AP, de Geus E, Demerath EW, den Heijer M, Eriksson JG, Ferrucci L, Gieger C, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Hengstenberg C, Hudson TJ, Järvelin MR, Kogevinas M, Loos RJF, Martin NG, Metspalu A, Pennell CE, Penninx BW, Perola M, Raitakari O, Salomaa V, Schreiber S, Schunkert H, Spector TD, Stumvoll M, Uitterlinden AG, Ulivi S, van der Harst P, Vollenweider P, Völzke H, Wareham NJ, Wichmann HE, Wilson JF, Rudan I, Xue Y, Zeggini E. Genome-wide meta-analysis of common variant differences between men and women. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:4805-15. [PMID: 22843499 PMCID: PMC3471397 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The male-to-female sex ratio at birth is constant across world populations with an average of 1.06 (106 male to 100 female live births) for populations of European descent. The sex ratio is considered to be affected by numerous biological and environmental factors and to have a heritable component. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of common allele modest effects at autosomal and chromosome X variants that could explain the observed sex ratio at birth. We conducted a large-scale genome-wide association scan (GWAS) meta-analysis across 51 studies, comprising overall 114 863 individuals (61 094 women and 53 769 men) of European ancestry and 2 623 828 common (minor allele frequency >0.05) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Allele frequencies were compared between men and women for directly-typed and imputed variants within each study. Forward-time simulations for unlinked, neutral, autosomal, common loci were performed under the demographic model for European populations with a fixed sex ratio and a random mating scheme to assess the probability of detecting significant allele frequency differences. We do not detect any genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10(-8)) common SNP differences between men and women in this well-powered meta-analysis. The simulated data provided results entirely consistent with these findings. This large-scale investigation across ~115 000 individuals shows no detectable contribution from common genetic variants to the observed skew in the sex ratio. The absence of sex-specific differences is useful in guiding genetic association study design, for example when using mixed controls for sex-biased traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Boraska
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
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10
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Faletra F, d'Adamo AP, Pensiero S, Athanasakis E, Catalano D, Bruno I, Gasparini P. A novel CRYBB2 missense mutation causing congenital autosomal dominant cataract in an Italian family. Ophthalmic Genet 2012; 34:115-7. [PMID: 22846113 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2012.707273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Congenital cataract is a leading cause of visual impairment in children and brings approximately 10% of childhood blindness worldwide. Molecular analysis revealed ~60 loci to be associated with several phenotypes of childhood cataracts. Until now, more than 30 loci and 18 genes on different chromosomes have been associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC). Here, we present a three-generation Italian family with a non syndromic ADCC. A linkage analysis carried out using HumanCytoSNP-12 DNA Analysis BeadChip led us to identify ten genomic regions virtually involved in the disease. All the genes located in these regions were scored for possible relationship with ADCC and, according to a strict clinical and genetic selection, 4 genes have been analyzed. A novel sequence variant was found in the CRYBB2 gene (p.Ser143Phe). This variant affects a conserved aminoacid in the third Greek key motif of the protein, cosegregates with the disease phenotype in all affected individuals and is not present both in the unaffected family members and 100 healthy control subjects. Finally, we identified the first CRYBB2 mutation in an Italian family causing a clinical picture of ADCC.
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11
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Wain LV, Verwoert GC, O'Reilly PF, Shi G, Johnson T, Johnson AD, Bochud M, Rice KM, Henneman P, Smith AV, Ehret GB, Amin N, Larson MG, Mooser V, Hadley D, Dörr M, Bis JC, Aspelund T, Esko T, Janssens ACJW, Zhao JH, Heath S, Laan M, Fu J, Pistis G, Luan J, Arora P, Lucas G, Pirastu N, Pichler I, Jackson AU, Webster RJ, Zhang F, Peden JF, Schmidt H, Tanaka T, Campbell H, Igl W, Milaneschi Y, Hottenga JJ, Vitart V, Chasman DI, Trompet S, Bragg-Gresham JL, Alizadeh BZ, Chambers JC, Guo X, Lehtimäki T, Kühnel B, Lopez LM, Polašek O, Boban M, Nelson CP, Morrison AC, Pihur V, Ganesh SK, Hofman A, Kundu S, Mattace-Raso FUS, Rivadeneira F, Sijbrands EJG, Uitterlinden AG, Hwang SJ, Vasan RS, Wang TJ, Bergmann S, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Laitinen J, Pouta A, Zitting P, McArdle WL, Kroemer HK, Völker U, Völzke H, Glazer NL, Taylor KD, Harris TB, Alavere H, Haller T, Keis A, Tammesoo ML, Aulchenko Y, Barroso I, Khaw KT, Galan P, Hercberg S, Lathrop M, Eyheramendy S, Org E, Sõber S, Lu X, Nolte IM, Penninx BW, Corre T, Masciullo C, Sala C, Groop L, Voight BF, Melander O, O'Donnell CJ, Salomaa V, d'Adamo AP, Fabretto A, Faletra F, Ulivi S, Del Greco FM, Facheris M, Collins FS, Bergman RN, Beilby JP, Hung J, Musk AW, Mangino M, Shin SY, Soranzo N, Watkins H, Goel A, Hamsten A, Gider P, Loitfelder M, Zeginigg M, Hernandez D, Najjar SS, Navarro P, Wild SH, Corsi AM, Singleton A, de Geus EJC, Willemsen G, Parker AN, Rose LM, Buckley B, Stott D, Orru M, Uda M, van der Klauw MM, Zhang W, Li X, Scott J, Chen YDI, Burke GL, Kähönen M, Viikari J, Döring A, Meitinger T, Davies G, Starr JM, Emilsson V, Plump A, Lindeman JH, Hoen PAC', König IR, Felix JF, Clarke R, Hopewell JC, Ongen H, Breteler M, Debette S, Destefano AL, Fornage M, Mitchell GF, Smith NL, Holm H, Stefansson K, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Samani NJ, Preuss M, Rudan I, Hayward C, Deary IJ, Wichmann HE, Raitakari OT, Palmas W, Kooner JS, Stolk RP, Jukema JW, Wright AF, Boomsma DI, Bandinelli S, Gyllensten UB, Wilson JF, Ferrucci L, Schmidt R, Farrall M, Spector TD, Palmer LJ, Tuomilehto J, Pfeufer A, Gasparini P, Siscovick D, Altshuler D, Loos RJF, Toniolo D, Snieder H, Gieger C, Meneton P, Wareham NJ, Oostra BA, Metspalu A, Launer L, Rettig R, Strachan DP, Beckmann JS, Witteman JCM, Erdmann J, van Dijk KW, Boerwinkle E, Boehnke M, Ridker PM, Jarvelin MR, Chakravarti A, Abecasis GR, Gudnason V, Newton-Cheh C, Levy D, Munroe PB, Psaty BM, Caulfield MJ, Rao DC, Tobin MD, Elliott P, van Duijn CM. Genome-wide association study identifies six new loci influencing pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. Nat Genet 2011; 43:1005-11. [PMID: 21909110 PMCID: PMC3445021 DOI: 10.1038/ng.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetic loci influence systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Europeans 1-3. We now report genome-wide association studies of pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In discovery (N=74,064) and follow-up studies (N=48,607), we identified at genome-wide significance (P= 2.7×10-8 to P=2.3×10-13) four novel PP loci (at 4q12 near CHIC2/PDGFRAI, 7q22.3 near PIK3CG, 8q24.12 in NOV, 11q24.3 near ADAMTS-8), two novel MAP loci (3p21.31 in MAP4, 10q25.3 near ADRB1) and one locus associated with both traits (2q24.3 near FIGN) which has recently been associated with SBP in east Asians. For three of the novel PP signals, the estimated effect for SBP was opposite to that for DBP, in contrast to the majority of common SBP- and DBP-associated variants which show concordant effects on both traits. These findings indicate novel genetic mechanisms underlying blood pressure variation, including pathways that may differentially influence SBP and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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12
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Carella M, d'Adamo AP, Grootenboer-Mignot S, Vantyghem MC, Esposito L, D'Eustacchio A, Ficarella R, Stewart GW, Gasparini P, Delaunay J, Iolascon A. A second locus mapping to 2q35-36 for familial pseudohyperkalaemia. Eur J Hum Genet 2004; 12:1073-6. [PMID: 15470366 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial pseudohyperkalaemia (FP) is a symptomless, dominantly inherited red cell trait, which shows a 'passive leak' of K+ cations into the plasma upon storage of blood at room temperature (or below). There are no haematological abnormalities. The loss of K+ is due to a change in the temperature dependence of the leak. The Scottish case initially described, FP Edinburgh, maps to 16q23-qter. Here we studied a large kindred of Flemish descent with FP, termed FP Lille, which was phenotypically identical to the Edinburgh FP. In FP Lille, however, the responsible locus mapped to 2q35-36, with a Lod score of 8.46 for marker D2S1338. We infer that FP Edinburgh and FP Lille, although they are phenocopies of one another, stem from two distinct loci, FP1 (16q23-qter) and FP2 (2q35-36), respectively. This duality hints at the possibility that the protein mediating the leak might be a heterodimer. No mutation was found in three plausibly candidate genes: the KCNE4 gene, the TUBA1 gene and a predicted gene located in genomic contig NT_005403.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Carella
- TIGEM, Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
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13
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Bisceglia L, Purroy J, Jiménez-Vidal M, d'Adamo AP, Rousaud F, Beccia E, Penza R, Rizzoni G, Gallucci M, Palacín M, Gasparini P, Nunes V, Zelante L. Cystinuria type I: identification of eight new mutations in SLC3A1. Kidney Int 2001; 59:1250-6. [PMID: 11260385 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590041250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystinuria is a heritable disorder of amino acid transport characterized by the defective transport of cystine and the dibasic amino acids through the brush border epithelial cells of the renal tubule and intestine tract. Three types of cystinuria (I, II, and III) have been described based on the urinary excretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids in obligate heterozygotes. The SLC3A1 gene coding for an amino acid transporter named rBAT is responsible for type I cystinuria, whereas the SLC7A9 gene coding for a subunit (b0,+AT) of rBAT is involved in determining non-type I (types II and III) cystinuria. METHODS The SLC3A1 gene sequence was investigated in a sample of seven type I/type I, three type I/non-type I, six type I/untyped, and four untyped unrelated cystinuric patients by RNA single-strand conformation polymorphism (RNA-SSCP). RESULTS Eight new point mutations (S168X, 765+1G>T, 766-2A>G, R452Q, Y461X, S547W, L564F, and C673W) and seven previously reported mutations were detected. These new mutations increase the number of mutated alleles so far characterized in SLC3A1 to 62. CONCLUSIONS We have found SLC3A1 mutations in 0.739 of the type I chromosomes studied. The relatively high proportion of uncharacterized type I chromosomes suggests either that there may be mutations not yet found in SLC3A1 or that many of the assigned type I chromosomes in mixed type I/non-type I patients may have mutations in SLC7A9. If the hypothesis is excluded in the future, we believe that a third gene may be involved in cystinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bisceglia
- Servizio di Genetica Medica, IRCCS-Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
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14
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Font MA, Feliubadaló L, Estivill X, Nunes V, Golomb E, Kreiss Y, Pras E, Bisceglia L, d'Adamo AP, Zelante L, Gasparini P, Bassi MT, George AL, Manzoni M, Riboni M, Ballabio A, Borsani G, Reig N, Fernández E, Zorzano A, Bertran J, Palacín M. Functional analysis of mutations in SLC7A9, and genotype-phenotype correlation in non-Type I cystinuria. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10:305-16. [PMID: 11157794 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.4.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystinuria (OMIM 220100) is a common recessive disorder of renal reabsorption of cystine and dibasic amino acids that results in nephrolithiasis of cystine. Mutations in SLC3A1, which encodes rBAT, cause Type I cystinuria, and mutations in SLC7A9, which encodes a putative subunit of rBAT (b(o,+)AT), cause non-Type I cystinuria. Here we describe the genomic structure of SLC7A9 (13 exons) and 28 new mutations in this gene that, together with the seven previously reported, explain 79% of the alleles in 61 non-Type I cystinuria patients. These data demonstrate that SLC7A9 is the main non-Type I cystinuria gene. Mutations G105R, V170M, A182T and R333W are the most frequent SLC7A9 missense mutations found. Among heterozygotes carrying these mutations, A182T heterozygotes showed the lowest urinary excretion values of cystine and dibasic amino acids. Functional analysis of mutation A182T after co-expression with rBAT in HeLa cells revealed significant residual transport activity. In contrast, mutations G105R, V170M and R333W are associated to a complete or almost complete loss of transport activity, leading to a more severe urinary phenotype in heterozygotes. SLC7A9 mutations located in the putative transmembrane domains of b(o,+)AT and affecting conserved amino acid residues with a small side chain generate a severe phenotype, while mutations in non-conserved residues give rise to a mild phenotype. These data provide the first genotype-phenotype correlation in non-Type I cystinuria, and show that a mild urinary phenotype in heterozygotes may associate with mutations with significant residual transport activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Font
- Centre de Genètica Mèdica i Molecular (IRO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Autovía de Castelldefels Km 2.7, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
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