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Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Ronald DMR, Lucas B, Sergio C, Marzano AV. Genetic mutations in pyoderma gangrenosum, hidradenitis suppurativa, and associated autoinflammatory syndromes: Insights into pathogenic mechanisms and shared pathways. J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38605447 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Brandão Lucas
- Department of Pathology, Center of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Crovella Sergio
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Moltrasio C, Silva CA, Tricarico PM, Marzano AV, Sueleman M, Crovella S. Biosensing circulating MicroRNAs in autoinflammatory skin diseases: Focus on Hidradenitis suppurativa. Front Genet 2024; 15:1383452. [PMID: 38655054 PMCID: PMC11035790 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1383452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of autoinflammatory diseases, with Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) being a notable example. HS, an autoinflammatory skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit, profoundly impacts patients' quality of life. Its hidden nature, with insidious initial symptoms and patient reluctance to seek medical consultation, often leads to a diagnostic delay of up to 7 years. Recognizing the urgency for early diagnostic tools, recent research identified significant differences in circulating miRNA expression, including miR-24-1-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR26a-5p, miR-206, miR338-3p, and miR-338-5p, between HS patients and healthy controls. These miRNAs serve as potential biomarkers for earlier disease detection. Traditional molecular biology techniques, like reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), are employed for their detection using specific primers and probes. Alternatively, short peptides offer a versatile and effective means for capturing miRNAs, providing specificity, ease of synthesis, stability, and multiplexing potential. In this context, we present a computational simulation pipeline designed for crafting peptide sequences that can capture circulating miRNAs in the blood of patients with autoinflammatory skin diseases, including HS. This innovative approach aims to expedite early diagnosis and enhance therapeutic follow-up, addressing the critical need for timely intervention in HS and similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Nardacchione EM, Tricarico PM, Moura R, d’Adamo AP, Thasneem A, Suleman M, Marzano AV, Crovella S, Moltrasio C. Unraveling the Epigenetic Tapestry: Decoding the Impact of Epigenetic Modifications in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:38. [PMID: 38254928 PMCID: PMC10815754 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disorder, which typically occurs during puberty or early adulthood. The pathogenesis of HS is complex and multifactorial; a close interaction between hormonal, genetic, epigenetics factors, host-specific aspects, and environmental influences contributes to the susceptibility, onset, severity, and clinical course of this disease, although the exact molecular mechanisms are still being explored. Epigenetics is currently emerging as an interesting field of investigation that could potentially shed light on the molecular intricacies underlying HS, but there is much still to uncover on the subject. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the epigenetic landscape involved in HS. Specifically, in this in-depth review we provide a comprehensive overview of DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (such as microRNA-miRNA-132, miRNA-200c, miRNA-30a-3p, miRNA-100-5b, miRNA-155-5p, miRNA-338-5p) dysregulation in HS patients. An interesting element of epigenetic regulation in HS is that the persistent inflammatory milieu observed in HS lesional skin could be exacerbated by an altered methylation profile and histone acetylation pattern associated with key inflammatory genes. Deepening our knowledge on the subject could enable the development of targeted epigenetic therapies to potentially restore normal gene expression patterns, and subsequentially ameliorate, or even reverse, the progression of the disease. By deciphering the epigenetic code governing HS, we strive to usher in a new era of personalized and effective interventions for this enigmatic dermatological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Maria Nardacchione
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Ronald Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
| | - Adamo Pio d’Adamo
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (E.M.N.); (P.M.T.); (R.M.); (A.P.d.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ayshath Thasneem
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.T.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
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Tricarico PM, Crovella S. Notch Signaling in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16113. [PMID: 38003301 PMCID: PMC10670977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway, a vital and evolutionarily conserved regulator of cellular processes, intricately shapes both health and disease [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Department of Advanced Diagnostics, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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de Oliveira ASLE, de Siqueira RC, Nait-Meddour C, Tricarico PM, Moura R, Agrelli A, d'Adamo AP, Jamain S, Crovella S, de Fátima Medeiros Brito M, Boniotto M, Brandão LAC. A loss-of-function NCSTN mutation associated with familial Dowling Degos disease and hidradenitis suppurativa. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1935-1945. [PMID: 37665193 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Dowling Degos disease (DDD) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by acquired, slowly progressive reticulated pigmented lesions primarily involving flexural skin areas. Mutations in KRT5, POGLUT-1 and POFUT-1 genes have been associated with DDD, and loss-of-function mutations in PSENEN, a subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, were found in patients presenting with DDD or DDD comorbid with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). A nonsense mutation in NCSTN, another subunit of the gamma-secretase, was already described in a patient suffering from HS and DDD but whether NCSTN could be considered a novel gene for DDD is still debated. Here, we enrolled a four-generation family with HS and DDD. Through Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) we identified a novel nonsense mutation in the NCSTN gene in all the affected family members. To study the impact of this variant, we isolated outer root sheath cells from patients' hair follicles. We showed that this variant leads to a premature stop codon, activates a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, and causes NCSTN haploinsufficiency in affected individuals. In fact, cells treated with gentamicin, a readthrough agent, had the NCSTN levels corrected. Moreover, we observed that this haploinsufficiency also affects other subunits of the gamma-secretase complex, possibly causing DDD. Our findings clearly support NCSTN as a novel DDD gene and suggest carefully investigating this co-occurrence in HS patients carrying a mutation in the NCSTN gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cécile Nait-Meddour
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ronald Moura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Materials (LMNANO), Center for Strategic Technologies Northeastern (CETENE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Sergio Crovella
- LARC Laboratory Animal Research Center, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Michele Boniotto
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Lucas André Cavalcanti Brandão
- Keizo Asami Institute-iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Rodrigues Moura R, Brandão L, Crovella S, Marzano AV. Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Practical Framework for Novel Therapeutic Targets. Dermatology 2023; 239:836-839. [PMID: 37302384 PMCID: PMC10614270 DOI: 10.1159/000531496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological picture underlying hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and its syndromic forms is still patchy, thus presenting a great challenge for dermatologists and researchers since just by better understanding the pathogenesis of disease we could identify novel therapeutic targets. METHODS We propose a practical framework to improve subcategorization of HS patients and support the genotype-phenotype correlation, useful for endotype-directed therapies development. RESULTS This framework includes (i) clinical work-up that involves the collection of demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data as well as the collection of different biological samples; (ii) genetic-molecular work-up, based on multi-omics analysis in combination with bioinformatics pipelines to unravel the complex etiology of HS and its syndromic forms; (iii) functional studies, - represented by skin fibroblast cell cultures, reconstructed epidermal models (both 2D and 3D) and organoids -, of candidate biomarkers and genetic findings necessary to validate novel potential molecular mechanisms possibly involved and druggable in HS; (iv) genotype-phenotype correlation and clinical translation in tailored targeted therapies. CONCLUSION Omic findings should be merged and integrated with clinical data; moreover, the skin-omic profiles from each HS patient should be matched and integrated with the ones already reported in public repositories, supporting the efforts of the researchers and clinicians to discover novel biomarkers and molecular pathways with the ultimate goal of providing faster development of novel patient-tailored therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucas Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Center of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Moura RR, Brandão L, Moltrasio C, Agrelli A, Tricarico PM, Maronese CA, Crovella S, Marzano AV. Different molecular pathways are disrupted in Pyoderma gangrenosum patients and are associated with the severity of the disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4919. [PMID: 36966241 PMCID: PMC10039684 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare inflammatory skin disease classified within the spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses. The pathophysiology of PG is yet incompletely understood but a prominent role of genetics facilitating immune dysregulation has been proposed. This study investigated the potential contribution of disrupted molecular pathways in determining the susceptibility and clinical severity of PG. Variant Enrichment Analysis, a bioinformatic pipeline applicable for Whole Exome Sequencing data was performed in unrelated PG patients. Eleven patients were enrolled, including 5 with unilesional and 6 with multilesional PG. Fourteen pathways were exclusively enriched in the "multilesional" group, mainly related to immune system (i.e., type I interferon signaling pathway), cell metabolism and structural functions. In the "unilesional" group, nine pathways were found to be exclusively enriched, mostly related to cell signaling and cell metabolism. Genetically altered pathways involved in immune system biology and wound repair appear to be nodal pathogenic drivers in PG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Rodrigues Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucas Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Materials (LMNANO), Center for Strategic Technologies Northeastern (CETENE), Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1-Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50740-545, Brazil
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Maronese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Via Pace 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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Zupin L, Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Del Vecchio C, Fontana F, Marzano AV, Crovella S. Paraviral cutaneous manifestations associated to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. Infect Dis (Lond) 2023; 55:181-188. [PMID: 36494183 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2022.2153913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spreading of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is probably due to its increased transmissibility and ability to escape from neutralising antibodies. Cutaneous manifestations have been reported after infection with the Omicron strain, consisting mainly of generalised urticarial eruption and prickly heat rash, also known as miliaria, that can persist for several days. Here the impact of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 on skin was investigated. METHODS The case series of 10 patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-related cutaneous manifestations were described; moreover, skin derived cells were challenged in vitro with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. RESULTS The main clinical cutaneous features observed were urticarial lesions lasting more than 24 h, mainly involving the trunk and sometimes extending to the extremities, and miliaria presenting with clusters of small sweat-filled vesicles, sometimes surrounded by slight erythema. HaCaT keratinocytes, BJ fibroblast cell lines and outer root sheath (ORS) keratinocytes were not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection; they also did not present any evident cytopathic effect or modification of cells viability. CONCLUSION Our findings suggests that, despite the high number of nucleotide mutations in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, responsible to the higher transmissibility of this virus, and the increased reports of cutaneous manifestation in COVID-19 affected patients, the virus is not able to directly infect and damage the keratinocytes and fibroblasts, thus suggesting an indirect virus-induced activation of the immune system as the major pathogenetic driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Del Vecchio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Fontana
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Giuliano Isontina (ASU GI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Moltrasio C, Cagliani R, Sironi M, Clerici M, Pontremoli C, Maronese CA, Tricarico PM, Crovella S, Marzano AV. Autoinflammation in Syndromic Hidradenitis Suppurativa: The Role of AIM2. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:162. [PMID: 36680007 PMCID: PMC9862365 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIM2 is a key cytoplasmatic pathogen-sensor that detects foreign DNA from viruses and bacteria; it can also recognize damaged or anomalous presence of DNA, promoting inflammasome assembly and activation with the secretion of IL-1β, thus sustaining a chronic inflammatory state, potentially leading to the onset of autoinflammatory skin diseases. Given the implication of the IL-1β pathway in the pathogenesis of syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), an autoinflammatory immune-mediated skin condition, the potential involvement of AIM2 was investigated. METHODS Sequencing of the whole coding region of the AIM2 gene, comprising 5'- and 3' UTR and a region upstream of the first exon of ~800 bp was performed in twelve syndromic HS patients. RESULTS Six out of twelve syndromic HS patients carried a heterozygous variant c.-208 A ≥ C (rs41264459), located on the promoter region of the AIM2 gene, with a minor allele frequency of 0.25, which is much higher than that reported in 1000 G and GnomAD (0.075 and 0.094, respectively). The same variant was found at a lower allelic frequency in sporadic HS and isolated pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) (0.125 and 0.065, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that this variant might play a role in susceptibility to develop syndromic forms of HS but not to progress to sporadic HS and PG. Furthermore, epigenetic and/or somatic variations could affect AIM2 expression leading to different, context-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rachele Cagliani
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Manuela Sironi
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pontremoli
- Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, Bioinformatics, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Maronese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Tricarico PM, Gratton R, dos Santos-Silva CA, de Moura RR, Ura B, Sommella E, Campiglia P, Del Vecchio C, Moltrasio C, Berti I, D’Adamo AP, Elsherbini AMA, Staudenmaier L, Chersi K, Boniotto M, Krismer B, Schittek B, Crovella S. A rare loss-of-function genetic mutation suggest a role of dermcidin deficiency in hidradenitis suppurativa pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1060547. [PMID: 36544771 PMCID: PMC9760663 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1060547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a multifactorial aetiology that involves a strict interplay between genetic factors, immune dysregulation and lifestyle. Familial forms represent around 40% of total HS cases and show an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance of the disease. In this study, we conducted a whole-exome sequence analysis on an Italian family of 4 members encompassing a vertical transmission of HS. Focusing on rare damaging variants, we identified a rare insertion of one nucleotide (c.225dupA:p.A76Sfs*21) in the DCD gene encoding for the antimicrobial peptide dermcidin (DCD) that was shared by the proband, his affected father and his 11-years old daughter. Since several transcriptome studies have shown a significantly decreased expression of DCD in HS skin, we hypothesised that the identified frameshift insertion was a loss-of-function mutation that might be associated with HS susceptibility in this family. We thus confirmed by mass spectrometry that DCD levels were diminished in the affected members and showed that the antimicrobial activity of a synthetic DCD peptide resulting from the frameshift mutation was impaired. In order to define the consequences related to a decrease in DCD activity, skin microbiome analyses of different body sites were performed by comparing DCD mutant and wild type samples, and results highlighted significant differences between the groins of mutated and wild type groups. Starting from genetic analysis conducted on an HS family, our findings showed, confirming previous transcriptome results, the potential role of the antimicrobial DCD peptide as an actor playing a crucial part in the etio-pathogenesis of HS and in the maintenance of the skin's physiological microbiome composition; so, we can hypothesise that DCD could be used as a novel target for personalised therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rossella Gratton
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Ronald Rodrigues de Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Maternal-Neonatal Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Cecilia Del Vecchio
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Irene Berti
- Pediatric Department, Institute of Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo Pio D’Adamo
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ahmed M. A. Elsherbini
- Department of Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lena Staudenmaier
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermato-oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Chersi
- Dermatological Clinic, ASUGI - Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Boniotto
- INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, University Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Bernhard Krismer
- Department of Infection Biology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermato-oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences Program, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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11
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de Oliveira ASLE, Bloise G, Moltrasio C, Coelho A, Agrelli A, Moura R, Tricarico PM, Jamain S, Marzano AV, Crovella S, Cavalcanti Brandão LA. Transcriptome Meta-Analysis Confirms the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Pathogenic Triad: Upregulated Inflammation, Altered Epithelial Organization, and Dysregulated Metabolic Signaling. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1371. [PMID: 36291580 PMCID: PMC9599370 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin condition clinically characterized by recurrent painful deep-seated nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracks in areas bearing apocrine glands, such as axillae, breasts, groins, and buttocks. Despite many recent advances, the pathophysiological landscape of HS still demands further clarification. To elucidate HS pathogenesis, we performed a meta-analysis, set analysis, and a variant calling on selected RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) studies on HS skin. Our findings corroborate the HS triad composed of upregulated inflammation, altered epithelial differentiation, and dysregulated metabolism signaling. Upregulation of specific genes, such as KRT6, KRT16, serpin-family genes, and SPRR3 confirms the early involvement of hair follicles and the impairment of barrier function in HS lesioned skin. In addition, our results suggest that adipokines could be regarded as biomarkers of HS and metabolic-related disorders. Finally, the RNA-Seq variant calling identified several mutations in HS patients, suggesting potential new HS-related genes associated with the sporadic form of this disease. Overall, this study provides insights into the molecular pathways involved in HS and identifies potential HS-related biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanna Bloise
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-000, Brazil
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Coelho
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-000, Brazil
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Materials (LMNANO), Center for Strategic Technologies Northeastern (CETENE), Av. Prof. Luís Freire, 1-Cidade Universitária, Recife 50740-545, Brazil
| | - Ronald Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stéphane Jamain
- Translational Neuropsychiatry, Univ. Paris Est Créteil, Inserm, IMRB, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar
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12
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Tricarico PM, Moltrasio C, Gradišek A, Marzano AV, Flacher V, Boufenghour W, von Stebut E, Schmuth M, Jaschke W, Gams M, Boniotto M, Crovella S. Holistic health record for Hidradenitis suppurativa patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8415. [PMID: 35589750 PMCID: PMC9120068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a recurrent inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiopathogenesis whose treatment poses a challenge in the clinical practice. Here, we present a novel integrated pipeline produced by the European consortium BATMAN (Biomolecular Analysis for Tailored Medicine in Acne iNversa) aimed at investigating the molecular pathways involved in HS by developing new diagnosis algorithms and building cellular models to pave the way for personalized treatments. The objectives of our european Consortium are the following: (1) identify genetic variants and alterations in biological pathways associated with HS susceptibility, severity and response to treatment; (2) design in vitro two-dimensional epithelial cell and tri-dimensional skin models to unravel the HS molecular mechanisms; and (3) produce holistic health records HHR to complement medical observations by developing a smartphone application to monitor patients remotely. Dermatologists, geneticists, immunologists, molecular cell biologists, and computer science experts constitute the BATMAN consortium. Using a highly integrated approach, the BATMAN international team will identify novel biomarkers for HS diagnosis and generate new biological and technological tools to be used by the clinical community to assess HS severity, choose the most suitable therapy and follow the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anton Gradišek
- Department of Intelligent System, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Angelo V Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincent Flacher
- Laboratory CNRS I2CT/UPR3572 Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Institut de Biologie Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Wacym Boufenghour
- Laboratory CNRS I2CT/UPR3572 Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Institut de Biologie Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Esther von Stebut
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfram Jaschke
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matjaž Gams
- Department of Intelligent System, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michele Boniotto
- INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry, F-94010, University Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Tricarico PM, Mentino D, De Marco A, Del Vecchio C, Garra S, Cazzato G, Foti C, Crovella S, Calamita G. Aquaporins Are One of the Critical Factors in the Disruption of the Skin Barrier in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4020. [PMID: 35409378 PMCID: PMC8999368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving as an effective mechanical barrier between the internal milieu and the external environment. The skin is widely considered the first-line defence of the body, with an essential function in rejecting pathogens and preventing mechanical, chemical, and physical damages. Keratinocytes are the predominant cells of the outer skin layer, the epidermis, which acts as a mechanical and water-permeability barrier. The epidermis is a permanently renewed tissue where undifferentiated keratinocytes located at the basal layer proliferate and migrate to the overlying layers. During this migration process, keratinocytes undertake a differentiation program known as keratinization process. Dysregulation of this differentiation process can result in a series of skin disorders. In this context, aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins allowing the movement of water and small neutral solutes, are emerging as important players in skin physiology and skin diseases. Here, we review the role of AQPs in skin keratinization, hydration, keratinocytes proliferation, water retention, barrier repair, wound healing, and immune response activation. We also discuss the dysregulated involvement of AQPs in some common inflammatory dermatological diseases characterised by skin barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Donatella Mentino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Aurora De Marco
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Del Vecchio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sabino Garra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
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14
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Brandão LAC, de Moura RR, Marzano AV, Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Crovella S. Variant Enrichment Analysis to Explore Pathways Functionality in Complex Autoinflammatory Skin Disorders through Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2278. [PMID: 35216413 PMCID: PMC8877088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge of unravelling the molecular basis of multifactorial disorders nowadays cannot rely just on association studies searching for potential causative variants shared by groups of patients and not present in healthy individuals; indeed, association studies have as a main limitation the lack of information on the interactions between the disease-causing variants. Thus, new genomic analysis tools focusing on disrupted pathways rather than associated gene variants are required to better understand the complexity of a disease. Therefore, we developed the Variant Enrichment Analysis (VEA) workflow, a tool applicable for whole exome sequencing data, able to find differences between the numbers of genetic variants in a given pathway in comparison with a reference dataset. In this study, we applied VEA to discover novel pathways altered in patients with complex autoinflammatory skin disorders, namely PASH (n = 9), 3 of whom are overlapping with SAPHO) and PAPASH (n = 3). With this approach we have been able to identify pathways related to neutrophil and endothelial cells homeostasis/activations, as disrupted in our patients. We hypothesized that unregulated neutrophil transendothelial migration could elicit increased neutrophil infiltration and tissue damage. Based on our findings, VEA, in our experimental dataset, allowed us to predict novel pathways impaired in subjects with autoinflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas André Cavalcanti Brandão
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Ronald Rodrigues de Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.V.M.); (C.M.)
- Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.V.M.); (C.M.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar;
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15
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Marzano AV, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Gratton R, Piaserico S, Garcovich S, Boniotto M, Brandão L, Moura R, Crovella S. Whole-Exome Sequencing in 10 Unrelated Patients with Syndromic Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Preliminary Step for a Genotype-Phenotype Correlation. Dermatology 2022; 238:860-869. [PMID: 35034021 DOI: 10.1159/000521263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetics of syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), an immune-mediated condition associated with systemic comorbidities such as inflammatory bowel diseases and arthritis, has not been completely elucidated. OBJECTIVE To describe clinical features and genetic signature of patients with the main syndromic HS forms, i.e., PASH, PAPASH, and PASH/SAPHO overlapping. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) approach was performed in ten patients with syndromic HS. RESULTS Three clinical settings have been identified based on presence/absence of gut and joint inflammation. Four PASH patients who had also gut inflammation showed three different variants in NOD2 gene, two variants in OTULIN, and a variant in GJB2, respectively. Three PAPASH and three PASH/SAPHO overlapping patients who had also joint inflammation showed two different variants in NCSTN, one in WDR1 and PSTPIP1, and two variants in NLRC4, one of whom was present in a patient with a mixed phenotype characterized by gut and joint inflammation. LIMITATIONS Limited number of patients that can be counterbalanced by the rarity of syndromic HS. CONCLUSION Syndromic HS can be considered as a polygenic autoinflammatory condition; currently WES is a diagnostic tool allowing more accurate genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Piaserico
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Boniotto
- University Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB- Équipe Leboyer, Créteil, France
| | - Lucas Brandão
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ronald Moura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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16
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dos Santos-Silva CA, Tricarico PM, Vilela LMB, Roldan-Filho RS, Amador VC, d’Adamo AP, Rêgo MDS, Benko-Iseppon AM, Crovella S. Plant Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Tool for Topic Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:795217. [PMID: 34966375 PMCID: PMC8710806 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.795217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among chronic skin autoinflammatory diseases, Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) stands out for its chronicity, highly variable condition, and profound impact on the patients' quality of life. HS is characterized by suppurative skin lesions in diverse body areas, including deep-seated painful nodules, abscesses, draining sinus, and bridged scars, among others, with typical topography. To date, HS is considered a refractory disease and medical treatments aim to reduce the incidence, the infection, and the pain of the lesions. For this purpose, different classes of drugs, including anti-inflammatory molecules, antibiotics and biological drugs are being used. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called defense peptides, emerge as a new class of therapeutic compounds, with broad-spectrum antimicrobial action, in addition to reports on their anti-inflammatory, healing, and immunomodulating activity. Such peptides are present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as part of the innate eukaryotic immune system. It has been proposed that a deregulation in the expression of AMPs in human epithelial tissues of HS patients may be associated with the etiology of this skin disease. In this scenario, plant AMPs stand out for their richness, diversity of types, and broad antimicrobial effects, with potential application for topical systemic use in patients affected by HS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vinícius Costa Amador
- Departamento de Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Adamo Pio d’Adamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mireli de Santana Rêgo
- Departamento de Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
- Departamento de Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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17
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Moltrasio C, Tricarico PM, Genovese G, Gratton R, Marzano AV, Crovella S. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D serum levels inversely correlate to disease severity and serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Dermatol 2021; 48:715-717. [PMID: 33624897 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Moltrasio
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Laboratory of Genetic Immunology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health -IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossella Gratton
- Laboratory of Genetic Immunology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health -IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelo V Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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18
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Coelho AVC, Gratton R, de Melo JPB, Andrade-Santos JL, Guimarães RL, Crovella S, Tricarico PM, Brandão LAC. HIV-1 Infection Transcriptomics: Meta-Analysis of CD4+ T Cells Gene Expression Profiles. Viruses 2021; 13:v13020244. [PMID: 33557210 PMCID: PMC7913929 DOI: 10.3390/v13020244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection elicits a complex dynamic of the expression various host genes. High throughput sequencing added an expressive amount of information regarding HIV-1 infections and pathogenesis. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is currently the tool of choice to investigate gene expression in a several range of experimental setting. This study aims at performing a meta-analysis of RNA-Seq expression profiles in samples of HIV-1 infected CD4+ T cells compared to uninfected cells to assess consistently differentially expressed genes in the context of HIV-1 infection. We selected two studies (22 samples: 15 experimentally infected and 7 mock-infected). We found 208 differentially expressed genes in infected cells when compared to uninfected/mock-infected cells. This result had moderate overlap when compared to previous studies of HIV-1 infection transcriptomics, but we identified 64 genes already known to interact with HIV-1 according to the HIV-1 Human Interaction Database. A gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed enrichment of several pathways involved in immune response, cell adhesion, cell migration, inflammation, apoptosis, Wnt, Notch and ERK/MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Victor Campos Coelho
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil; (J.P.B.d.M.); (L.A.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-81-2126-8522
| | - Rossella Gratton
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (P.M.T.)
| | - João Paulo Britto de Melo
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil; (J.P.B.d.M.); (L.A.C.B.)
| | - José Leandro Andrade-Santos
- Department of Genetics-Federal, University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil; (J.L.A.-S.); (R.L.G.)
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lima Guimarães
- Department of Genetics-Federal, University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil; (J.L.A.-S.); (R.L.G.)
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (P.M.T.)
| | - Lucas André Cavalcanti Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-901, Brazil; (J.P.B.d.M.); (L.A.C.B.)
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (P.M.T.)
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Brandão LAC, Tricarico PM, Gratton R, Agrelli A, Zupin L, Abou-Saleh H, Moura R, Crovella S. Multiomics Integration in Skin Diseases with Alterations in Notch Signaling Pathway: PlatOMICs Phase 1 Deployment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1523. [PMID: 33546374 PMCID: PMC7913517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The high volume of information produced in the age of omics was and still is an important step to understanding several pathological processes, providing the enlightenment of complex molecular networks and the identification of molecular targets associated with many diseases. Despite these remarkable scientific advances, the majority of the results are disconnected and divergent, making their use limited. Skin diseases with alterations in the Notch signaling pathway were extensively studied during the omics era. In the GWAS Catalog, considering only studies on genomics association (GWAS), several works were deposited, some of which with divergent results. In addition, there are thousands of scientific articles available about these skin diseases. In our study, we focused our attention on skin diseases characterized by the impairment of Notch signaling, this pathway being of pivotal importance in the context of epithelial disorders. We considered the pathologies of five human skin diseases, Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Dowling Degos Disease, Adams-Oliver Syndrome, Psoriasis, and Atopic Dermatitis, in which the molecular alterations in the Notch signaling pathway have been reported. To this end, we started developing a new multiomics platform, PlatOMICs, to integrate and re-analyze omics information, searching for the molecular interactions involved in the pathogenesis of skin diseases with alterations in the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas André Cavalcanti Brandão
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (R.G.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (R.G.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Rossella Gratton
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (R.G.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife 1235, Brazil;
| | - Luisa Zupin
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (R.G.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.-S.); (S.C.)
| | - Ronald Moura
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (L.A.C.B.); (R.G.); (L.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar; (H.A.-S.); (S.C.)
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Garcovich S, Tricarico PM, Meddour CN, Giovanardi G, Peris K, Crovella S, Boniotto M. Comorbid acne inversa and Dowling-Degos disease due to a single NCSTN mutation: is there enough evidence? Reply from the authors. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:375-376. [PMID: 32895925 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Garcovich
- Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - P M Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - C N Meddour
- University of Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor for Biomedical Research/INSERM U955 Team 16, Créteil, France
| | - G Giovanardi
- Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - K Peris
- Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - S Crovella
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Boniotto
- University of Paris Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
- Institut Mondor for Biomedical Research/INSERM U955 Team 16, Créteil, France
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21
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Gratton R, Tricarico PM, d’Adamo AP, Bianco AM, Moura R, Agrelli A, Brandão L, Zupin L, Crovella S. Notch Signaling Regulation in Autoinflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228847. [PMID: 33238371 PMCID: PMC7700323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch pathway is a highly conserved intracellular signaling route that modulates a vast variety of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell fate and death. Recently, the presence of a strict crosstalk between Notch signaling and inflammation has been described, although the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this interplay have not yet been fully unravelled. Disruptions in Notch cascade, due both to direct mutations and/or to an altered regulation in the core components of Notch signaling, might lead to hypo- or hyperactivation of Notch target genes and signaling molecules, ultimately contributing to the onset of autoinflammatory diseases. To date, alterations in Notch signaling have been reported as associated with three autoinflammatory disorders, therefore, suggesting a possible role of Notch in the pathogenesis of the following diseases: hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), Behçet disease (BD), and giant cell arteritis (GCA). In this review, we aim at better characterizing the interplay between Notch and autoinflammatory diseases, trying to identify the role of this signaling route in the context of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0403785422
| | - Adamo Pio d’Adamo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Monica Bianco
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ronald Moura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil;
| | - Lucas Brandão
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Luisa Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (A.P.d.); (A.M.B.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (L.Z.)
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar;
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Brandao L, Moura R, Tricarico PM, Gratton R, Genovese G, Moltrasio C, Garcovich S, Boniotto M, Crovella S, Marzano AV. Altered keratinization and vitamin D metabolism may be key pathogenetic pathways in syndromic hidradenitis suppurativa: a novel whole exome sequencing approach. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 99:17-22. [PMID: 32518053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum, acne and hidradenitis suppurativa (PASH) and pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, acne, and hidradenitis suppurativa (PAPASH) patients, in spite of recently identified genetic variations, is just clinical, since most patients do not share the same mutations, and the mutations themselves are not informative of the biological pathways commonly disrupted in these patients. OBJECTIVE To reveal genetic changes more closely related to PASH and PAPASH etiopathogenesis, identifying novel common pathways involved in these diseases. METHODS Cohort study on PASH (n = 4) and PAPASH (n = 1) patients conducted using whole exome sequencing (WES) approach and a novel bioinformatic pipeline aimed at discovering potentially candidate genes selected from density mutations and involved in pathways relevant to the disease. RESULTS WES results showed that patients presented 90 genes carrying mutations with deleterious and/or damage impact: 12 genes were in common among the 5 patients and bared 237 ns ExonVar (54 and 183 in homozygosis and heterozygosis, respectively). In the pathway enrichment analysis, only 10 genes were included, allowing us to retrieve 4 pathways shared by all patients: (1) Vitamin D metabolism, (2) keratinization, (3) formation of the cornified envelope and (4) steroid metabolism. Interestingly, all patients had vitamin D levels lower than normal, with a mean value of 10 ng/mL. CONCLUSION Our findings, through a novel strategy for analysing the genetic background of syndromic HS patients, suggested that vitamin D metabolism dysfunctions seem to be crucial in PASH and PAPASH pathogenesis. Based on low vitamin D serum levels, its supplementation is envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Brandao
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ronald Moura
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanni Genovese
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Pace 9, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Pace 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Boniotto
- INSERM U955 Eq. 16, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale and Université Paris Est- Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano Via Pace 9, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Gratton R, Tricarico PM, Moltrasio C, Lima Estevão de Oliveira AS, Brandão L, Marzano AV, Zupin L, Crovella S. Pleiotropic Role of Notch Signaling in Human Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4214. [PMID: 32545758 PMCID: PMC7353046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling orchestrates the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis of epidermal cells by strictly interacting with other cellular pathways. Any disruption of Notch signaling, either due to direct mutations or to an aberrant regulation of genes involved in the signaling route, might lead to both hyper- or hypo-activation of Notch signaling molecules and of target genes, ultimately inducing the onset of skin diseases. The mechanisms through which Notch contributes to the pathogenesis of skin diseases are multiple and still not fully understood. So far, Notch signaling alterations have been reported for five human skin diseases, suggesting the involvement of Notch in their pathogenesis: Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Dowling Degos Disease, Adams-Oliver Syndrome, Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis. In this review, we aim at describing the role of Notch signaling in the skin, particularly focusing on the principal consequences associated with its alterations in these five human skin diseases, in order to reorganize the current knowledge and to identify potential cellular mechanisms in common between these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (L.Z.); (S.C.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (L.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.M.)
| | | | - Lucas Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil;
| | - Angelo Valerio Marzano
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.M.)
| | - Luisa Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (L.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (R.G.); (L.Z.); (S.C.)
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pascolo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Zupin
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Melato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - P M Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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25
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Gratton R, Agrelli A, Tricarico PM, Brandão L, Crovella S. Autophagy in Zika Virus Infection: A Possible Therapeutic Target to Counteract Viral Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051048. [PMID: 30823365 PMCID: PMC6429311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) still constitutes a public health concern, however, no vaccines or therapies are currently approved for treatment. A fundamental process involved in ZIKV infection is autophagy, a cellular catabolic pathway delivering cytoplasmic cargo to the lysosome for degradation—considered as a primordial form of innate immunity against invading microorganisms. ZIKV is thought to inhibit the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, which causes aberrant activation of autophagy promoting viral replication and propagation. It is therefore appealing to study the role of autophagic molecular effectors during viral infection to identify potential targets for anti-ZIKV therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gratton
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Almerinda Agrelli
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, Brazil.
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Lucas Brandão
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235-Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, Brazil.
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
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26
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Gratton R, Tricarico PM, Guimaraes RL, Celsi F, Crovella S. Lopinavir/Ritonavir Treatment Induces Oxidative Stress and Caspaseindependent Apoptosis in Human Glioblastoma U-87 MG Cell Line. Curr HIV Res 2018; 16:106-112. [DOI: 10.2174/1570162x16666180528100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background:Lopinavir and Ritonavir (LPV/r) treatment is widely used to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission. Nevertheless, studies related to the impact of these compounds on patients, in particular in the foetus and newborns, are strictly required due to the controversial findings reported in the literature concerning possible neurologic side effects following the administration of these drugs.Objectives:In our study, we evaluated the impact of LPV/r treatment on the human glioblastoma U- 87 MG cell line.Methods:In order to evaluate the influence of Lopinavir and Ritonavir in terms of oxidative stress (ROS production), mitochondrial morphology and apoptotic cell death, the latter either in the presence or in the absence of caspase-3 and -9 inhibitors, we treated U-87 MG with increasing doses (0.1-1-10-25-50 µM) of Lopinavir and Ritonavir for 24h, either in single formulation or in combination. ROS production was measured by flow cytometry using H2DCFDA dye, mitochondrial morphology was evaluated using MitoRed dye and apoptotic cell death was monitored by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide.Results:We observed that co-treatment with Lopinavir and Ritonavir (25 and 50 µM) promoted a significant increase in ROS production, caused mitochondrial network damage and induced apoptosis in a caspase-independent manner.Conclusion:Based on our findings, concordant with others reported in the literature, we hypothesize that LPV/r treatment could not be entirely free from side effects, being aware of the need of validation in in vivo models, necessary to confirm our results.
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Tricarico PM, Caracciolo I, Gratton R, D'Agaro P, Crovella S. 25-hydroxycholesterol reduces inflammation, viral load and cell death in ZIKV-infected U-87 MG glial cell line. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 27:621-625. [PMID: 30019309 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a global health issue due to its worldwide diffusion and to the related effects on neural progenitor cells with severe consequences on developing brain as well as on the central nervous system of adults. Previous studies showed that ZIKV infection induces an increment of IL1B expression in the central nervous system and also in the blood. IL-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine essential for cellular defence, tissue repair and neuroinflammation, a mechanism seen to be associated with several neuroinflammatory diseases. 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is a natural oxysterol, derived from hydroxylation of cholesterol, possessing important antiviral activity possibly correlated to its ability to alter host membrane structures. Furthermore, 25-HC is involved in the modulation of IL1B gene expression, being able to suppress IL-1β driven inflammation probably by blocking the activation of the SREB proteins. In our study, we analysed the antiviral action of 25-HC in ZIKV-infected U-87 MG cells, also evaluating its impact on inflammation and cell death. We demonstrated that 25-HC is able to reduce inflammation and cell death caused by ZIKV infection and also to diminish intracellular ZIKV load in U-87 MG glial cell line. Considering its antiviral activity and its ability to penetrate blood-brain barrier, 25-HC could be proposed, based on our results and literature findings, as a potential anti-ZIKV agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Crovella
- University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34128, Trieste, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
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Gratton R, Tricarico PM, Celsi F, Crovella S. Prolonged treatment with mevalonolactone induces oxidative stress response with reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial depolarization and inflammation in human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells. Neurochem Int 2018; 120:233-237. [PMID: 29753116 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate pathway impairment has been observed in diverse diseases, including Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD). MKD is a hereditary auto-inflammatory disorder, due to mutations at mevalonate kinase gene (MVK), encoding mevalonate kinase (MK) enzyme. To date, the most accredited MKD pathogenic hypothesis suggests that the typical MKD phenotypes might be due to a decreased isoprenoid production rather than to the excess and accumulation of mevalonic acid, as initially supported. Nevertheless, recent studies provide clear evidences that accumulating metabolites might be involved in MKD pathophysiology by exerting a toxic effect. Our work aims at describing the effects of accumulating mevalonolactone, mostly produced by a dehydration reaction due to mevalonic acid accumulation, using an in vitro cellular model mimicking the glial component of the central nervous system (human glioblastoma U-87 MG cells). In order to mimic its progressive increase, occurring during the disease, U-87 MG cells have been treated repeatedly with growing doses of mevalonolactone, followed by the assessment of oxidative stress response (evaluated by measuring SOD2 and HemeOX expression levels), ROS production, mitochondrial damage and inflammatory response (evaluated by measuring IL1B expression levels). Our results suggest that protracted treatments with mevalonolactone induce oxidative stress with augmented ROS production and mitochondrial damage accompanied by membrane depolarization. Furthermore, an increment in IL1B expression has been observed, thus correlating the accumulation of the metabolite with the development of a neuroinflammatory response. Our experimental work suggests to reconsider the presence of a possible synergy between the two major MKD pathogenic hypotheses in attempt of unravelling the different pathogenic pathways responsible for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gratton
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy; University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy; University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
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29
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Zupin L, Caracciolo I, Tricarico PM, Ottaviani G, D'Agaro P, Crovella S. Antiviral properties of blue laser in an in vitro model of HSV-1 infection. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 62:477-479. [PMID: 29749647 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is known to cause lifelong infections in humans. First infection is characterized by gingiva-stomatitis and pharyngitis, while virus reactivation causes recurrent herpes labialis with ulcerations on intraoral mucosa, mouth or external facial skin [1]. Laser therapy (LT), set at red and infrared wavelengths, has been reported as able to reduce HSV-1 recurrence and duration of herpetic sores [2]. Despite the blue wavelength already showed its efficacy in killing different strains of bacteria, it has never been tested on viruses [3].
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zupin
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caracciolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Ottaviani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pierlanfranco D'Agaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Mezzavilla M, Moura RR, Celsi F, Tricarico PM, Crovella S. MMAB, a novel candidate gene to be screened in the molecular diagnosis of Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Rheumatol Int 2017; 38:121-127. [PMID: 29234874 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is an autosomal recessive inflammatory disease. Mutations in MVK gene are associated with MKD with modest genotype-phenotype correlation. In spite of recent guidelines indicating specific MVK mutations for the more severe form or the milder one, little is known about MVK variability within and between populations. The aim of this work is to provide supplementary information about MVK variability useful in the molecular diagnosis of MKD, as well as to unravel the presence of novel genes potentially involved as involved in the clinical heterogeneity of MKD phenotype. We used a population-based approach, coupled with Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion (CADD) score, to analyze the level of genetic variability for common and putatively deleterious MVK variants. We also performed Exome screening with the Illumina Human Exome Bead Chip on 21 MKD patients to double-check our in silico findings. Haplotype block detection in different populations revealed the existence of two blocks in MVK; interestingly, the first haploblock comprises the promoter region shared with MMAB gene. Analyses of MMAB and MVK genetic variants in 21 MKD patients strengthen our observations showing a novel scenario in which the same mutations commonly associated with MKD are found coupled with different combination of MMAB rs7134594 SNP was already described as associated with HDL cholesterol level and present in the haploblock promoter region. The rs7134594 SNP is reported as an eQTL for MVK and MMAB. Hypothesizing the presence of genetic variants modulating the complex phenotypic spectrum of MKD, we suggest that future directions in screening for MKD pathogenic variants should focus both MMAB and MVK genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mezzavilla
- Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
- IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Crovella
- IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
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Tricarico PM, Gratton R, Braga L, Celsi F, Crovella S. 25-Hydroxycholesterol and inflammation in Lovastatin-deregulated mevalonate pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 92:26-33. [PMID: 28918367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate pathway deregulation has been observed in several diseases, including Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). MKD is a hereditary auto-inflammatory disorder, due to mutations at mevalonate kinase gene (MVK), encoding mevalonate kinase (MK) enzyme. MVK mutations have been reported as associated with impairment of mevalonate pathway with consequent decrease of protein prenylation levels, defective autophagy and increase of IL-1β secretion, followed by cell death. Since 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), a metabolite of cholesterol, can suppress IL-1β production, thus reducing inflammation, we evaluated the effect of 25-HC in an in vitro model of mevalonate pathway alteration, obtained using Lovastatin. Human glioblastoma cell line (U87-MG) was chosen to mimic, at least in part, the central nervous system impairment observed in MKD; 25-HC effects were evaluated aimed at disclosing if this compound could be considered as novel potential drug for MKD. Our results showed that 25-HC is able to reduce inflammation but it is ineffective to restore autophagy flux and to decrease apoptosis levels, both caused by lower protein prenylation; so, in spite of its anti-inflammatory action it is not useful to rescue defective prenylation/autophagy impairment-driven apoptosis in Lovastatin impaired mevalonate pathway. We hypothesize the presence in the mevalonate pathway of alternative mechanisms acting between inflammation and apoptotic autophagy impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria, 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Rossella Gratton
- University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luca Braga
- High-throughput screening facility, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Patrician, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria, 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria, 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
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Tricarico PM, Epate A, Celsi F, Crovella S. Alendronate treatment induces IL-1B expression and apoptosis in glioblastoma cell line. Inflammopharmacology 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Tricarico PM, Romeo A, Gratton R, Crovella S, Celsi F. Lack of Prenylated Proteins, Autophagy Impairment and Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cell Model of Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:1649-1660. [PMID: 28359055 DOI: 10.1159/000471235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD), is a hereditary disease due to mutations in mevalonate kinase gene (MVK). MKD has heterogeneous clinical phenotypes: the correlation between MVK mutations and MKD clinical phenotype is still to be fully elucidated. Deficiency of prenylated proteins has been hypothesized as possible MKD pathogenic mechanism. Based on this hypothesis and considering that neurologic impairment characterizes Mevalonic Aciduria (MA), the most severe form of MKD, we studied the effects of I268T and N301T MVK mutations on protein prenylation, autophagy and programmed cell death in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were transiently transfected, with the pCMV-6 plasmid containing MVK wild type and the two mutated sequences. Protein prenylation levels were evaluated using GFP-RhoA-F to assess farnesylation, and GFP-RhoA to evaluate geranylgeranylation; autophagy was measured by evaluating LC3 and p62 protein levels, while Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide staining allowed apoptosis detection. RESULTS MVK mutants' over-expression causes decreased levels of farnesylation and geranylgeranylation, and also increased LC3 lipidation in SH-SY5Y, with concomitant p62 accumulation. Treatment with bafilomycin A1 (an inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPase, a late autophagy inhibitor) further increase LC3-II and p62 levels, suggesting that degradation of autophagolysosome could be impaired. SH-SY5Y, with both MVK mutants, showed apoptosis increase; the presence of N301T associated with augmented cell death. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that mevalonate pathway impairment causes alteration of farnesylation and geranylgeranylation proteins and alteration of the autophagic flux; these changes can induce apoptosis, possibly more relevant in the presence of N301T mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo" - Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Sergio Crovella
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo" - Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo" - Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Tricarico PM, de Oliveira Franca RF, Pacor S, Ceglia V, Crovella S, Celsi F. HIV Protease Inhibitors Apoptotic Effect in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cell Line. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 39:1463-70. [DOI: 10.1159/000447849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prophylactic treatment regimens to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission include protease inhibitors Lopinavir and Ritonavir. Lopinavir and Ritonavir have been reported to be able to induce intracellular oxidative stress in diverse cellular models, however scarce informations are available about protease inhibitor effects of in the central nervous system (CNS). In our study we evaluated the impact of protease inhibitors on a cell neuronal model. Methods: We treated a neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) with increasing doses of Lopinavir and Ritonavir (0.1-1-10-25-50 µM), used alone or in combination, evaluating the impact of these drugs in terms of mitochondrial activity, with MTT cell proliferation assay; mRNA expression of heme oxygenase (HemeOH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCFDA) in order to assess oxidative stress; apoptotic cell death with flow cytometry. Results: We observed that Lopinavir and Ritonavir treatment, at 25 and/or 50 µM concentrations, induced mitochondrial damage, increase of heme oxygenase RNA expression levels and ROS generation, followed by apoptosis in SH-SY5Y. Conclusions: Our in vitro model demonstrates a damaging effect of HIV protease inhibitors on the neuroblastoma cell line, thus partially mimicking the impact of these drugs on the CNS of children born to HIV positive mothers undergone to antiretroviral treatment.
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Marcuzzi A, Vozzi D, Girardelli M, Tricarico PM, Knowles A, Crovella S, Vuch J, Tommasini A, Piscianz E, Bianco AM. Putative modifier genes in mevalonate kinase deficiency. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3181-9. [PMID: 26935981 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is an autosomal recessive auto‑inflammatory disease, caused by impairment of the mevalonate pathway. Although the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated, there is clinical evidence suggesting that other regulatory genes may be involved in determining the phenotype. The identification of novel target genes may explain non‑homogeneous genotype‑phenotype correlations, and provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that novel regulatory genes predispose or amplify deregulation of the mevalonate pathway in this orphan disease. In the present study, DNA samples were obtained from five patients with MKD, which were then analyzed using whole exome sequencing. A missense variation in the PEX11γ gene was observed in homozygosis in P2, possibly correlating with visual blurring. The UNG rare gene variant was detected in homozygosis in P5, without correlating with a specific clinical phenotype. A number of other variants were found in the five analyzed DNA samples from the MKD patients, however no correlation with the phenotype was established. The results of the presents study suggested that further analysis, using next generation sequencing approaches, is required on a larger sample size of patients with MKD, who share the same MVK mutations and exhibit 'extreme' clinical phenotypes. As MVK mutations may be associated with MKD, the identification of specific modifier genes may assist in providing an earlier diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Diego Vozzi
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Martina Girardelli
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste I‑34128, Italy
| | - Alessandra Knowles
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Josef Vuch
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste I‑34128, Italy
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Elisa Piscianz
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Anna Monica Bianco
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health‑IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
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Tricarico PM, Girardelli M, Kleiner G, Knowles A, Valencic E, Crovella S, Marcuzzi A. Alendronate, a double-edged sword acting in the mevalonate pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4238-4242. [PMID: 26096667 PMCID: PMC4526081 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminobisphosphonate aledronate is a compound commonly used clinically for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone diseases, as a result of it preventing bone resorption. However, in previous years it has also been used to obtain cellular and animal models of a rare genetic disorder termed Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD). MKD is caused by mutations affecting the mevalonate kinase enzyme, in the cholesterol pathway and alendronate can be used to biochemically mimic the genetic defect as it inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase in the same pathway. Despite evidence in favor of the inhibition exerted on the mevalonate pathway, there is at least one clinical case of MKD in which alendronate improved not only skeletal and bone fractures, as expected, but also MKD clinical features. Based on this finding, the present study assessed the anti‑inflammatory properties of this aminobisphosphonate in vitro. No anti‑inflammatory effects of alendronate were observed in the in vitro experiments. Since MKD lacks specific treatments, these results may assist scientists and physicians in making the decision as to the most suitable choice of therapeutic compounds for this neglected disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste I‑34127, Italy
| | - Martina Girardelli
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Alessandra Knowles
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Erica Valencic
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Science, University of Trieste, Trieste I‑34127, Italy
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Clinical Trials, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste I‑34137, Italy
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Tricarico PM, Piscianz E, Monasta L, Kleiner G, Crovella S, Marcuzzi A. Microglia activation and interaction with neuronal cells in a biochemical model of mevalonate kinase deficiency. Apoptosis 2015; 20:1048-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tricarico PM, Kleiner G, Valencic E, Campisciano G, Girardelli M, Crovella S, Knowles A, Marcuzzi A. Block of the mevalonate pathway triggers oxidative and inflammatory molecular mechanisms modulated by exogenous isoprenoid compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:6843-56. [PMID: 24758928 PMCID: PMC4013665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15046843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the mevalonate pathway is known to be involved in a number of diseases that exhibit a systemic inflammatory phenotype and often neurological involvements, as seen in patients suffering from a rare disease called mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). One of the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology could depend on the shortage of isoprenoid compounds and the subsequent mitochondrial damage, leading to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines’ release. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that cellular death results from the balance between apoptosis and pyroptosis, both driven by mitochondrial damage and the molecular platform inflammasome. In order to rescue the deregulated pathway and decrease inflammatory markers, exogenous isoprenoid compounds were administered to a biochemical model of MKD obtained treating a murine monocytic cell line with a compound able to block the mevalonate pathway, plus an inflammatory stimulus. Our results show that isoprenoids acted in different ways, mainly increasing the expression of the evaluated markers [apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, nucleotide-binding oligomerization-domain protein-like receptors 3 (NALP3), cytokines and nitric oxide (NO)]. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that inflammation is triggered, at least partially, by the shortage of isoprenoids. Moreover, although further studies are necessary, the achieved results suggest a possible role for exogenous isoprenoids in the treatment of MKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Erica Valencic
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Martina Girardelli
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Health, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34128 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Knowles
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Marcuzzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137 Trieste, Italy.
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Kleiner G, Celsi F, Tricarico PM, Zacchigna S, Crovella S, Marcuzzi A. Systemic and neuronal inflammatory markers in a mouse model of mevalonate kinase deficiency: a strain-comparative study. In Vivo 2013; 27:715-722. [PMID: 24292573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is a lack of reliable animal models for the study of the rare auto-inflammatory disease mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD). The one most frequently used is a biochemical model, obtained by treating BALB/c mice in order to block the mevalonate pathway, thus attempting to reproduce the inflammatory pattern presented in patients. This study aims to assess the role played in pathology by the inflammasome and the reliability of this model. MATERIALS AND METHODS We mimicked MKD using two different mice strains (BALB/c and C57BL/6), evaluating typical inflammatory markers of MKD and inflammasome modulation. RESULTS Without significant differences, both strains exhibited a general MKD-like inflammation, including the modulation of the molecular platform inflammasome, mimicking the characteristics observed in human patients. CONCLUSION Although with some limitations, the mouse model appears robust and suitable for studying MKD. Results do not seem to vary with the mouse strain used, and appear to be treatment-dependent. Finally, in vivo inflammasome activation was assessed for the first time here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Kleiner
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria, 65/1 - 34137 Trieste, Italy.
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Marcuzzi A, Tricarico PM, Piscianz E, Kleiner G, Vecchi Brumatti L, Crovella S. Lovastatin induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in an undifferentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e585. [PMID: 23579272 PMCID: PMC3641335 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Abstract
The recovery room was one of the first units in the hospital to be specialized, and it dramatically decreased the complications and mortality rate of postoperative patients; but, like anything that has been around for a long time, the PACU is sometimes taken for granted, and can be regarded as a place where patients just sleep while nursing care consists of taking blood pressures. In reality, PACUs have kept abreast of the advances in technology, and are even more necessary today with the increased acuity of surgical patients and shorter hospital stays. To the PACU nurse, it is an exciting place where the status of the patient changes rapidly, and requires constant, astute observation and intervention as he or she is guided safely from one stage of emergence to another.
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