1
|
Mao D, Wang H, Guo H, Che X, Chen M, Li X, Liu Y, Huo J, Chen Y. Tanshinone IIA normalized hepatocellular carcinoma vessels and enhanced PD-1 inhibitor efficacy by inhibiting ELTD1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155191. [PMID: 38000104 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma responds poorly to immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 inhibitors, primarily due to the low infiltration capacity of TILs in the TME. Abnormal vasculature is an important factor which limiting the infiltration of TILs. According to recent research, targeting ELTD1 expression may improve TILs delivery to reverse immunosuppression and boost tumor responses to immunotherapy. Research has demonstrated that Tanshinone IIA (TSA) improves blood vessel normalization, but the precise mechanism is yet unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the molecular processes for TSA's pro-vascular normalization of HCC in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We established a mouse H22-luc in situ liver tumor model to evaluate the role of TSA vascular normalization and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. The role of ELTD1 in vascular and immune crosstalk was evaluated by bioinformatic analysis of the TCGA database. By creating a transwell co-culture cell model, the effects of TSA on enhancing tumor endothelial cell activities and ELTD1 intervention were evaluated. RESULTS We investigated the effect of Tanshinone IIA (TSA), a major component of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., on the normalization of vasculature in situ HCC models. Our results demonstrated that TSA elicited vascular normalization in a hepatocellular carcinoma model in situ. In addition, the combination of TSA with anti-PD-1 significantly inhibited tumor development due to increased infiltration of immune cells in the tumor. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TSA improved the immunosuppressive microenvironment by inhibiting tumor growth by suppressing ELTD1 expression, inhibiting downstream JAK1 and JAK2, promoting the expression of ZO-1, occlaudin, Claudin 5, and Col IV, and promoting vascular integrity and perfusion in situ. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a new mechanism between TSA and ELTD1 for vascular normalization, suggesting that therapeutic or pharmacological intervention with ELTD1 may enhance the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengxuan Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Miaoying Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xia Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiege Huo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Clinical Innovation Center of Digestive Cancer of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou J, Wang L, Peng C, Peng F. Co-Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment: A Perspective in Ethnopharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:886198. [PMID: 35784750 PMCID: PMC9242535 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.886198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is one of the most important processes of cancer deterioration via nurturing an immunosuppressive tumor environment (TME). Targeting tumor angiogenesis has been widely accepted as a cancer intervention approach, which is also synergistically associated with immune therapy. However, drug resistance is the biggest challenge of anti-angiogenesis therapy, which affects the outcomes of anti-angiogeneic agents, and even combined with immunotherapy. Here, emerging targets and representative candidate molecules from ethnopharmacology (including traditional Chinese medicine, TCM) have been focused, and they have been proved to regulate tumor angiogenesis. Further investigations on derivatives and delivery systems of these molecules will provide a comprehensive landscape in preclinical studies. More importantly, the molecule library of ethnopharmacology meets the viability for targeting angiogenesis and TME simultaneously, which is attributed to the pleiotropy of pro-angiogenic factors (such as VEGF) toward cancer cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells. We primarily shed light on the potentiality of ethnopharmacology against tumor angiogenesis, particularly TCM. More research studies concerning the crosstalk between angiogenesis and TME remodeling from the perspective of botanical medicine are awaited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Cheng Peng,
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Cheng Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ni H, Ruan G, Sun C, Yang X, Miao Z, Li J, Chen Y, Qin H, Liu Y, Zheng L, Xing Y, Xi T, Li X. Tanshinone IIA inhibits gastric cancer cell stemness through inducing ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:192-200. [PMID: 34661962 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is the active constituent extracted from Salvia Miltiorrhza. Numerous studies have shown that Tanshinone IIA could inhibit tumor proliferation and metastasis, including gastric cancer. However, the effect of Tanshinone IIA on gastric cancer cell stemness stays unclear. Here, we found that Tanshinone IIA could reduce gastric cancer cell stemness through detecting spheroid-forming, flow cytometry analysis, and the expression of stemness markers (OCT3/4, ALDH1A1, and CD44). Mechanistically, Tanshinone IIA increased the level of lipid peroxides and decreased glutathione level in gastric cancer cells, both of which are the markers of ferroptosis. Similarly, ferroptosis inducers (erastin, sulfasalazine, and sorafenib) reduced gastric cancer cell stemness. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of Tanshinone IIA on GC cell stemness were reversed by ferroptosis inhibitor (Fer-1) or overexpression of SLC7A11, which is a critical ferroptosis inhibitor. Therefore, we revealed that Tanshinone IIA inhibited the stemness of gastric cancer cells partly through inducing ferroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Ni
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojing Ruan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huai'an Third People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Zhenyan Miao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Qin
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Xing
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
García-Caballero M, Torres-Vargas JA, Marrero AD, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ, Quesada AR. Angioprevention of Urologic Cancers by Plant-Derived Foods. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020256. [PMID: 35213989 PMCID: PMC8875200 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer cases worldwide keeps growing unstoppably, despite the undeniable advances achieved by basic research and clinical practice. Urologic tumors, including some as prevalent as prostate, bladder or kidney tumors, are no exceptions to this rule. Moreover, the fact that many of these tumors are detected in early stages lengthens the duration of their treatment, with a significant increase in health care costs. In this scenario, prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy for the global control of these diseases. Although specialized diets are not the only way to decrease the chances to develop cancer, epidemiological evidence support the role of certain plant-derived foods in the prevention of urologic cancer. In many cases, these plants are rich in antiangiogenic phytochemicals, which could be responsible for their protective or angiopreventive properties. Angiogenesis inhibition may contribute to slow down the progression of the tumor at very different stages and, for this reason, angiopreventive strategies could be implemented at different levels of chemoprevention, depending on the targeted population. In this review, epidemiological evidence supporting the role of certain plant-derived foods in urologic cancer prevention are presented, with particular emphasis on their content in bioactive phytochemicals that could be used in the angioprevention of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa García-Caballero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Torres-Vargas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana Dácil Marrero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), E-28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
| | - Ana R. Quesada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Andalucía Tech, E-29071 Malaga, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.T.-V.); (A.D.M.); (B.M.-P.); (M.Á.M.)
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Malaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yan N, Xiao C, Wang X, Xu Z, Yang J. Tanshinone IIA from Salvia miltiorrhiza exerts anti-fibrotic effects on cardiac fibroblasts and rat heart tissues by suppressing the levels of pro-fibrotic factors: The key role of miR-618. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14078. [PMID: 35014054 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TAN) is widely employed for handling cardiovascular disorders. The current study explored the potential role of miRs in the antifibrotic effect of TAN on heart. Fibrotic features were induced in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and in rat hearts, and then handled with TAN. MicroRNAs (miRs) responding to TAN were determined using a microarray assay. The selected miR was modulated to verify its role in antifibrotic effects of TAN. TAN suppressed the viability and the production of α-SMA in CFs, which was associated with 101 miR being upregulated and 223 miR being downregulated. MiR-618 was selected as the potential target of TAN. Ang II inhibited miR-618 level and resulted in the upregulation of pro-fibrosis factors, which was reversed by TAN. The antifibrotic effect of TAN was weakened by miR-618 inhibition. TAN inhibits hypertrophy and collagen deposition in heart tissues, which is associated with the increased level of miR-618. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The findings outlined in the current study show that the antifibrotic function of TAN is closely related to the function of miRs: the induction of miR-618 is indispensable for the function of TAN against the fibrotic process after heart injury, which will promote the application of TAN as an adjuvant therapy for improving heart function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yan
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunqing Xiao
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xianggui Wang
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zufang Xu
- Second Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiangyong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Keijzer MJ, de Klerk DJ, de Haan LR, van Kooten RT, Franchi LP, Dias LM, Kleijn TG, van Doorn DJ, Heger M. Inhibition of the HIF-1 Survival Pathway as a Strategy to Augment Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2451:285-403. [PMID: 35505024 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2099-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-to-minimally invasive treatment modality that utilizes photoactivatable drugs called photosensitizers to disrupt tumors with locally photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Photosensitizer activation by light results in hyperoxidative stress and subsequent tumor cell death, vascular shutdown and hypoxia, and an antitumor immune response. However, sublethally afflicted tumor cells initiate several survival mechanisms that account for decreased PDT efficacy. The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway is one of the most effective cell survival pathways that contributes to cell recovery from PDT-induced damage. Several hundred target genes of the HIF-1 heterodimeric complex collectively mediate processes that are involved in tumor cell survival directly and indirectly (e.g., vascularization, glucose metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis). The broad spectrum of biological ramifications culminating from the activation of HIF-1 target genes reflects the importance of HIF-1 in the context of therapeutic recalcitrance. This chapter elaborates on the involvement of HIF-1 in cancer biology, the hypoxic response mechanisms, and the role of HIF-1 in PDT. An overview of inhibitors that either directly or indirectly impede HIF-1-mediated survival signaling is provided. The inhibitors may be used as pharmacological adjuvants in combination with PDT to augment therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J de Keijzer
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J de Klerk
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne R de Haan
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert T van Kooten
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo P Franchi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) 2, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences, and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, epartment of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group,University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lionel M Dias
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tony G Kleijn
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederick J van Doorn
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Heger
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo Y, Wang FF, Xiang B, Ma HB, Gong YP. Tanshinone IIA potentiates the efficacy of imatinib by regulating the AKT-MDM2-P53 signaling pathway in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:7. [PMID: 34820006 PMCID: PMC8607239 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) is triggered by breakpoint cluster region-abelson leukemia virus (BCR/ABL) kinase. Targeting BCR/ABL kinase with tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with chemotherapy is the standard first-line therapy for Ph+ ALL. Imatinib and dasatinib are the preferred agents for the treatment of Ph+ ALL. Dasatinib treatment can induce a faster and deeper remission than imatinib treatment; however, the side effects of dasatinib, especially the cardiovascular side effects, are markedly greater than those of imatinib. Patients will benefit from treatments that improve the efficacy of imatinib without increasing its side effects. The present study revealed that tanshinone IIA markedly potentiated the cytotoxic and apoptotic induction effects of imatinib by regulating the AKT-MDM2-P53 signaling pathway and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic proteins BCL2 and MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member in Ph+ ALL cell lines. In vitro studies, MTT assay, flow cytometry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were performed in the present study to detect cell viability, cell apoptosis, protein expression and gene expression, respectively. In a Ph+ ALL mouse model, imatinib combined with tanshinone IIA also exhibited a synergistic effect on the reduction in leukemia burden without increasing the toxic side effects of imatinib. These results demonstrated that imatinib combined with tanshinone IIA might be a promising treatment strategy for patients with Ph+ ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Wang
- Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xiang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bing Ma
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Gong
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bi Z, Wang Y, Zhang W. A comprehensive review of tanshinone IIA and its derivatives in fibrosis treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111404. [PMID: 33761617 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is the most abundant lipid-soluble component in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Both Tan IIA and its derivatives including Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) have been widely used in clinic due to their proved anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-fibrosis functions. Recently, combinations containing Tan IIA and active components have attracted intensive interest in fibrosis. Multiple studies have been conducted to attempt to decipher the mechanisms of this traditional Chinese medicine and found that Tan IIA can attenuate fibrosis through different pathways such as Smad2/3, NF-κB, Nrf2, E2F and snail/twist axis. However, some of the studies were contradictory and confusing. Therefore, it was important to develop an easy-to-access reference for clinic use. In this study, we reviewed the pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of Tan IIA and its derivatives in the treatment of fibrosis and introduced the cutting-edge new formulation of Tan IIA compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyang Bi
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yayun Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pneumology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
An Overview on the Conservative Management of Endometriosis from a Naturopathic Perspective: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030587. [PMID: 33804660 PMCID: PMC8003677 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease, which affects millions of young women worldwide. Although medicine has incontestably evolved in the last years, there is no common ground regarding the early and accurate diagnosis of this condition, its pathogenic mechanisms, and curative treatment. Even though the spontaneous resolution of endometriosis is sometimes possible, recent reports suggested that it can be a progressive condition. It can associate chronic pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, infertility, or malignant degenerescence. Conventional treatments could produce many side effects, and despite treatment, the symptoms may reappear. In recent years, experimental evidence suggested that plant-based medicine could exert beneficial effects on endometriosis and endometriosis-related symptoms. This study aims to highlight the pharmaceutical activity of phytochemicals and medicinal plants against endometriosis and to provide a source of information regarding the alternative treatment of this condition. Methods: For this review, we performed a research using PubMed, GoogleScholar, and CrossRef databases. We selected the articles published between January 2000 and July 2020, written in English. Results: We found 17 medicinal plants and 13 phytochemicals, which have demonstrated their beneficial effects against endometriosis. Several of their biological activities consist of antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory effects, and oxidative-stress reduction. Conclusion: Medicinal herbs and their bioactive compounds exhibit antiangiogenic, antioxidant, sedative and pain-alleviating properties and the effects recorded until now encourage their use for the conservative management of endometriosis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Pan D, Gong X, Wang X, Li M. Role of Active Components of Medicinal Food in the Regulation of Angiogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:594050. [PMID: 33716724 PMCID: PMC7944143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.594050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from the endothelial cells of existing arteries, veins, and capillaries. Angiogenesis is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as the formation of malignant and development of atherosclerosis and other diseases. In recent years, many studies have shown that the active components of food have a certain regulatory effect on angiogenesis and negligible clinical limitations. With the increasing attention being paid to medicine and food homology, exploring the effect of active food components on angiogenesis is of great significance. In this review, we discuss the source, composition, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action of certain active components of medicinal foods in detail. These could help prevent angiogenesis-related complications or provide a basis for healthier dietary habits. This review can provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of highly efficient anti-angiogenic drugs with low toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang RN, Zhao HC, Huang JY, Wang HL, Li JS, Lu Y, Di LQ. Challenges and strategies in progress of drug delivery system for traditional Chinese medicine Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen). CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2021; 13:78-89. [PMID: 36117766 PMCID: PMC9476708 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), with a history of thousands of years, are widely used clinically with effective treatment. However, the drug delivery systems (DDSs) for TCMs remains major challenges due to the characteristics of multi-components including alkaloids, flavones, anthraquinones, glycosides, proteins, volatile oils and other types. Therefore, the novel preparations and technology of modern pharmaceutics is introduced to improve TCM therapeutic effects due to instability and low bioavailability of active ingredients. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the radix and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese), is a well known Chinese herbal medicine for protecting the cardiovascular system, with active ingredients mainly including lipophilic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids. In this review, this drug is taken as an example to present challenges and strategies in progress of DDSs for TCMs. This review would also summary the characteristics of active ingredients in it including physicochemical properties and pharmacological effects. The purpose of this review is to provide inspirations and ideas for the DDSs designed from TCMs by summarizing the advances on DDSs for both single- and multi-component from Danshen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-ning Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Hua-cong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jian-yu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Hong-lan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jun-song Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Liu-qing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing 210046, China
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu S, He L, Ding K, Zhang L, Xu X, Wang S, Qian X. Tanshinone IIA Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy, Partly by Attenuating PERK Pathway-Induced Fibrosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:5773-5782. [PMID: 33408464 PMCID: PMC7780857 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s257734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, can improve type II diabetes, while the molecular mechanisms underlying Tan IIA-mediated protective effects in diabetic nephropathy are unclear. This study explored the protective actions of Tan IIA on renal tissues in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods Tan IIA (2, 4, 8 mg/kg/day) was daily administered to STZ-treated rats by intraperitoneal injection for 42 days. The morphologic pathology was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining, and transmission electron microscopy. The protein expression levels in renal tissues were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry; the mRNA expression level was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Tan IIA at 2 and 4 mg/kg attenuated the increase in the levels of uric acid and blood urea nitrogen and restored the reduction in the superoxide dismutase activity in the serum of the diabetic rats. Tan IIA at 2 and 4 mg/kg, but not 8 mg/kg, ameliorated the thickening of renal tubule in the diabetic rats; Tan IIA at 2 and 4 and 8 mg/kg attenuated the thickening of glomerular basement membrane and the collagen deposition in the renal tissues of the diabetic rats. Tan IIA treatment at 2, 4, 8 mg/kg decreased the expression levels of transforming growth factor-beta1, TSP-1, Grp78 and CHOP in the diabetic rats. Tan IIA at 2 and 4 and 8 mg/kg attenuated the increase in the protein levels of p-PERK, p-elf2α and ATF-4 from the renal tissues of diabetic rats, while the protein level of AFT-6 and the mRNA expression levels of XBP-1t, XBP-1s and p58IPK in the renal tissues were not affected by STZ or Tan IIA treatment. Conclusion Tan IIA-mediated protective effects on the STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy may be associated with the reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress via attenuating PERK signaling activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xu
- Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjun He
- Precision Medicine Centre, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Ding
- Department of Urology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyi Qian
- Precision Medicine Centre, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Y, Zhang Z, Auyeung KKW, Cho CH, Yung KKL, Ko JKS. Cryptotanshinone-Induced p53-Dependent Sensitization of Colon Cancer Cells to Apoptotic Drive by Regulation of Calpain and Calcium Homeostasis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1179-1202. [PMID: 32668972 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Over-expression of calpains in tumor tissues can be associated with cancer progression. Thus, inhibition of calpain activity using specific inhibitors has become a novel approach to control tumor growth. In this study, the anticancer potential of cryptotanshinone in combination with calpain inhibitor had been investigated in colon cancer cells and tumor xenograft. Cryptotanshinone elicited an initial endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress response, whereas prolonged stress would result in the promotion of apoptosis. It was then discovered that cryptotanshinone could cause rapid and sustained increase in cytosolic calcium in colon cancer cells accompanied by early GRP78 overexpression, which could be attenuated by pre-treatment of the calcium chelator BAPTA-AM. Cryptotanshinone also facilitated an early increase in calpain activity, which could be blocked by BAPTA-AM or the calpain inhibitor PD150606. A dynamic interaction between GRP78 and calpain during the action of cryptotanshinone was unveiled. This together with the altered NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling could be abolished by calpain inhibitor. GRP78 knockdown increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to cryptotanshinone-evoked apoptosis and reduction of cancer cell colony formation. Such sensitization of drug action had been confirmed to be p53-dependent by using p53-mutated (HT-29) and p53-deficient (HCT116 p53-∕-) cells. The synergistic antitumor effect of cryptotanshinone and calpain inhibitor was further exhibited in vivo. Taken together, findings in this study exemplify a new chemotherapeutic regimen comprising cryptotanshinone and calpain inhibitor by regulation of calpain and calcium homeostasis. This has provided us with new insights in the search of a potential target-specific neoadjuvant therapy against colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Kathy Ka-Wai Auyeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Chi-Hin Cho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Joshua Ka-Shun Ko
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.,Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong, Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sodium Tanshinone IIA Silate Exerts Microcirculation Protective Effects against Spinal Cord Injury In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3949575. [PMID: 33101588 PMCID: PMC7568160 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3949575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord microcirculation involves functioning endothelial cells at the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and maintains normal functioning of spinal cord neurons, axons, and glial cells. Protection of both the function and integrity of endothelial cells as well as the prevention of BSCB disruption may be a strong strategy for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) cases. Sodium Tanshinone IIA silate (STS) is used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and improves microcirculation. Whether STS exhibits protective effects for SCI microcirculation is not yet clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of STS on oxygen-glucose deprivation- (OGD-) induced injury of spinal cord endothelial cells (SCMECs) in vitro and to explore effects on BSCB and neurovascular protection in vivo. SCMECs were treated with various concentrations of STS (1 μM, 3 μM, and 10 μM) for 24 h with or without OGD-induction. Cell viability, tube formation, migration, and expression of Notch signaling pathway components were evaluated. Histopathological evaluation (H&E), Nissl staining, BSCB permeability, and the expression levels of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), CD31, NeuN, and Notch signaling pathway components were analyzed. STS was found to improve SCMEC functions and reduce inflammatory mediators after OGD. STS also relieved histopathological damage, increased zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), inhibited BSCB permeability, rescued microvessels, protected motor neuromas, and improved functional recovery in a SCI model. Moreover, we uncovered that the Notch signaling pathway plays an important role during these processes. These results indicated that STS protects microcirculation in SCI, which may be used as a therapeutic strategy for SCI in the future.
Collapse
|
15
|
Della Corte L, Noventa M, Ciebiera M, Magliarditi M, Sleiman Z, Karaman E, Catena U, Salvaggio C, Falzone G, Garzon S. Phytotherapy in endometriosis: an up-to-date review. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:jcim-2019-0084. [PMID: 31532753 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease which symptoms can provide a severe impact on patient's quality of life with subsequent impact on psychological well-being. Different therapeutic strategies are available to treat this disease, such as surgery, hormonal therapies, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nevertheless, the efficacy of conventional medical treatments is limited or intermittent in most of the patients due to the associated side effects. Therefore, a woman with endometriosis often search for additional and alternative options, and phytotherapy might be a promising alternative and complementary strategy. Different medicinal plants, multicomponent herbal preparations, and phytochemicals were investigated for pharmacological proprieties in endometriosis therapy. In most of the cases, the effect on endometriosis was related to phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids reporting anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory functions. Moreover, some phytochemicals have been related to a strong phytoestrogenic effect modulating the estrogen activity. Although promising, available evidence is based on in vitro and animal models of endometriosis with a limited number of well-performed clinical studies. There are almost none randomized control trials in this area. Therefore, properly constructed clinical trials are mandatory to achieve more conclusive results about the promising role of phytotherapy in the management of endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Della Corte
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Noventa
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Michal Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Magliarditi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Policlinico Universitario Gazzi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Zaki Sleiman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Erbil Karaman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yuzuncu Yil University Medical Faculty, Van, Turkey
| | - Ursula Catena
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Calogero Salvaggio
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale 2 Caltanissetta, "Sant'Elia" Hospital, Caltanissetta, Italy
| | - Giovanni Falzone
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, "Umberto I" Hospital, Enna, Italy
| | - Simone Garzon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Filippo Del Ponte" Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nie ZY, Zhao MH, Cheng BQ, Pan RF, Wang TR, Qin Y, Zhang XJ. Tanshinone IIA regulates human AML cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis through miR-497-5p/AKT3 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:379. [PMID: 32782437 PMCID: PMC7412841 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza are used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have high medicinal value. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is the active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza which can inhibit the growth of acute leukemia cell lines in vitro, although the mechanism remains unclear. Methods CCK-8 assays and BrdU stain were used to evaluate cell proliferation ability. Western blot analysis was used to detect protein expression. miR-497-5p expression level was detected by using qRT-PCR, and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) was used to detect cell apoptosis. Results Here we reported that Tan IIA could inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest, and promote cell apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Thus, Tan IIA had the anti-cancer activity in AML cell lines, which was likely mediated by up-regulation of miR-497-5p expression. Our data further showed that in AML cells, the same effects were observed with overexpression of miR-497-5p by a miR-497-5p mimic. We demonstrated that Tan IIA could inhibit the expression of AKT3 by up-regulating the expression of miR-497-5p. We subsequently identified that AKT3 was the direct target of miR-497-5p, and that treatment with Tan IIA obviously reversed the effect of treatment with an miR-497-5p inhibitor under harsh conditions. In turn, PCNA expression was increased and cleaved Caspase-3 was suppressed, which contributed to the growth of AML cells. Conclusions Our results showed that Tan IIA could inhibit cell proliferation in AML cells through miR-497-5p-mediated AKT3 downregulation pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yuan Nie
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
| | - Ming-Hui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, 071000 China
| | - Bao-Qian Cheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
| | - Rong-Fang Pan
- Department of Nutrition, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Tian-Rui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Yan Qin
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, 212 Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000 China.,Department of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, 071000 China
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anti-angiogenic effect of a chemically sulfated polysaccharide from Phellinus ribis by inhibiting VEGF/VEGFR pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:72-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
18
|
Fu L, Han B, Zhou Y, Ren J, Cao W, Patel G, Kai G, Zhang J. The Anticancer Properties of Tanshinones and the Pharmacological Effects of Their Active Ingredients. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:193. [PMID: 32265690 PMCID: PMC7098175 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a common malignant disease worldwide with an increasing mortality in recent years. Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for thousands of years. The liposoluble tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza are important bioactive components and mainly include tanshinone IIA, dihydrodanshinone, tanshinone I, and cryptotanshinone. Previous studies showed that these four tanshinones exhibited distinct inhibitory effects on tumor cells through different molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms mainly include the inhibition of tumor cell growth, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, apoptosis induction, cell autophagy, and antitumor immunity, and so on. In this review, we describe the latest progress on the antitumor functions and mechanisms of these four tanshinones to provide a deeper understanding of the efficacy. In addition, the important role of tumor immunology is also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhi Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gopal Patel
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ardisia crispa root hexane fraction suppressed angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in vivo zebrafish embryo model. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109221. [PMID: 31545225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ardisia crispa Thunb. A. DC. (Primulaceae) has been used extensively as folk-lore medicine in South East Asia including China and Japan to treat various inflammatory related diseases. Ardisia crispa root hexane fraction (ACRH) has been thoroughly studied by our group and it has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperalgesic, anti-arthritic, anti-ulcer, chemoprevention and suppression against inflammation-induced angiogenesis in various animal model. Nevertheless, its effect against human endothelial cells in vitro has not been reported yet. Hence, the aim of the study is to investigate the potential antiangiogenic property of ACRH in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and zebrafish embryo model. ACRH was separated from the crude ethanolic extract of the plant's root in prior to experimental studies. MTT assay revealed that ACRH exerted a concentration-dependent antiproliferative effect on HUVEC with the IC50 of 2.49 ± 0.04 μg/mL. At higher concentration (10 μg/mL), apoptosis was induced without affecting the cell cycle distribution. Angiogenic properties including migration, invasion and differentiation of HUVECs, evaluated via wound healing, trans-well invasion and tube formation assay respectively, were significantly suppressed by ACRH in a concentration-dependent manner. Noteworthily, significant antiangiogenic effects were observed even at the lowest concentration used (0.1 μg/mL). Expression of proMMP-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, VEGF-D, Angiopoietin-2, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, FGF-2, Follistatin, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were significantly reduced in various degrees by ACRH. The ISV formation in zebrafish embryo was significantly suppressed by ACRH at the concentration of 5 μg/mL. These findings revealed the potential of ACRH as antiangiogenic agent by suppressing multiple proangiogenic proteins. Thus, it can be further verified via the transcription of these proteins from their respective DNA, in elucidating their exact pathways.
Collapse
|
20
|
Liao XZ, Gao Y, Huang S, Chen ZZ, Sun LL, Liu JH, Chen HR, Yu L, Zhang JX, Lin LZ. Tanshinone IIA combined with cisplatin synergistically inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo via down-regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signalling pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2298-2309. [PMID: 31268205 PMCID: PMC6772065 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin represents one of the first‐line drugs used for non‐small‐cell lung cancer treatment. However, considerable side effects and the emergence of drug resistance are becoming critical limitations to its application. Combinatorial strategies may be able to extend the use of cisplatin. Both Tanshinone IIA and cisplatin inhibit non‐small‐cell lung cancer cell growth in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. When Tanshinone IIA was combined with cisplatin at a ratio of 20:1, they were observed to exert a synergistic inhibitory effect on non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells. The combination treatment was shown to impair cell migration and invasion, arrest the cell cycle in the S phases, and induce apoptosis in A549 and PC9 cells in a synergistic manner. KEGG pathway analysis and molecular docking indicated that Tanshinone IIA might mainly influence the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase‐Akt signalling pathway. In all treated groups, the expression levels of Bax and cleaved Caspase‐3 were up‐regulated, whereas the expression levels of Bcl‐2, Caspase‐3, p‐Akt, and p‐PI3K proteins were down‐regulated. Among these, the combination of Tan IIA and cisplatin exhibited the most significant difference. Tanshinone IIA may function as a novel option for combination therapy for non‐small‐cell lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhong Liao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhong Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chiang KC, Huang ST, Wu RC, Huang SC, Yeh TS, Chen MH, Hsu JT, Chen LW, Kuo SF, Chueh HY, Juang HH, Hung SI, Yeh CN, Pang JHS. Interferon α-inducible protein 27 is an oncogene and highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma patients with poor survival. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1893-1905. [PMID: 30881116 PMCID: PMC6400119 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s196485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a devastating disease. Interferon α-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), originally known to involve in innate immunity, is later found to intervene in cell proliferation, leading to inventive studies regarding the role of IFI27 in cancer treatment. We aimed to investigate the role of IFI27 in CCA. Materials and methods Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays, Western blot, gene transfection and knockdown, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical stains, and xenograft animal model were applied. Results IFI27 knockdown in CCA cells induced cell cycle arrest in S phase, resulting in lower cell proliferative rate in vitro and in vivo. IFI27 knockdown attenuated CCA cell migration and invasion through inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which was supported by increased E-cadherin and decreased N-cadherin and fibronectin. Filamentous actin level was also reduced. IFI27 knockdown further repressed expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), a strong stimulator of angiogenesis, through downregulation of c-jun and c-fos, which was supported in vitro by the finding that human vascular endothelial cells grew more slowly in conditioned medium of IFI27 knockdown on CCA cells and in vivo by the lower erythropoietin concentration found in the xenografted tumors derived from IFI27 knockdown on CCA cells. In addition, anti-VEGF-A antibody treatment was able to repress CCA cell growth. To the contrary, IFI27 overexpression could increase CCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Clinically, higher IFI27 expression was linked to inferior overall survival of CCA patients. Conclusion Our data strongly suggest that IFI27 could be deemed as a potential target for CCA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung, Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Chiang Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ho-Yen Chueh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shuen-Iu Hung
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC,
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC, .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkow, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, ROC,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ying Z, Minghui T, Feng B, Ke W. Tanshinone II A improves distribution and anti-tumor efficacy of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin via normalizing the structure and function of tumor vasculature in hepa1-6 hepatoma mice model. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
23
|
Zhang XW, Yang L, An L, Li P, Chen J. Discovery of cancer cell proliferation inhibitors from Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma by a trace peak enrichment approach. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:534-546. [PMID: 30414239 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizoma is a traditional herbal medicine with anti-cancer activities. In this work, a trace peak enrichment approach combined with a cell proliferation assay was applied for screening cancer cell proliferation inhibitors from the extract of S. miltiorrhiza. A set of 123 peak fractions were prepared, and by comprehensive screening, 21 tanshinones were screened out as cancer cell proliferation inhibitors and their structures were tentatively identified by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The inhibitory activities of nine available screened tanshinones were validated, with their IC50 values ranging from 0.63 to 28.40 μM, indicating their activities strongly inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. This study presents tanshinones that are potential cancer cell proliferation inhibitors and may explain the anti-cancer activity of S. miltiorrhiza.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lin An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bina F, Soleymani S, Toliat T, Hajimahmoodi M, Tabarrai M, Abdollahi M, Rahimi R. Plant-derived medicines for treatment of endometriosis: A comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:76-90. [PMID: 30412733 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease with inflammatory lesions at extra-uterine sites, causing pelvic pain and fertility reduction. Conventional therapies primarily focus on reducing systemic levels of estrogens; however, they do not have desirable effectiveness and possess considerable side effects. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the use of herbal medicine for the treatment of endometriosis. In this paper, electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and Google Scholar were searched to obtain any studies evaluating any herbal products in the management of endometriosis. Data were collected from 1980 to 2018. Most of studies investigating the effect of herbal medicines in endometriosis were in vitro and animal and only three clinical trials were found; one on Pinus pinaster bark extract (Pycnogenol) and two on Chinese herbal formulas. The studies on phytochemicals had mostly focused on polyphenolic compounds (epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein) and sesquiterpenes (β-caryophyllene, parthenolide). Various molecular mechanisms of action have been involved in beneficial effects of herbal medicines and phytochemicals including anti-inflammatory (via reduction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin -1, interleukin -6, interleukin -8, transforming growth factor-beta, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-kappa B, growth factors, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), antioxidant (through downregulation of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and upregulation of superoxide dismutase), anti-proliferative and apoptotic (via enhancing Bcl-2-associated X protein/ B-cell lymphoma-2 and caspase3, 8 and 9 activity), anti-angiogenic (by downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors/ vascular endothelial growth factor), anti-invasive (via decreasing expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and matrix metalloproteinases), immunomodulatory, and estrogen modulating activities. So, medicinal plants seem to be a valuable source for identifying new drugs for treatment of endometriosis; however, since most of studies are preclinical, further clinical trials are required to achieve more conclusive results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bina
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Soleymani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Toliat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Tabarrai
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo Y, Li Y, Wang FF, Xiang B, Huang XO, Ma HB, Gong YP. The combination of Nutlin-3 and Tanshinone IIA promotes synergistic cytotoxicity in acute leukemic cells expressing wild-type p53 by co-regulating MDM2-P53 and the AKT/mTOR pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 106:8-20. [PMID: 30389549 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
P53 dysfunction has been associated with various malignant tumors, including acute leukemia. The overexpression of mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) causes the inactivation of p53 in acute leukemia. MDM2 inhibitors that activate p53 and induce apoptosis are currently being developed for potential treatment of acute leukemia. However, MDM2 inhibitors alone have limited efficacy in acute leukemia therapeutics. Combining other drugs to enhance the efficacy of MDM2 inhibitors is the thus considered as a potential treatment scheme. Here, we report that the combination of Nutlin-3 and Tanshinone IIA synergistically induces cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death, thereby imparting anti-leukemia effect in an acute leukemia cell line with wild-type p53 by effectively activating p53, inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, and activating the RAF/MEK pathway. Using primary samples from acute leukemia patients, we show that the combination of Nutlin-3 plus Tanshinone IIA synergistically induces cytotoxicity by activating p53 and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway. This specific combination of Nutlin-3 and Tanshinone IIA is also effective in preventing the recurrence of refractory leukemia, such as Ph+ ALL with the ABL kinase T315I mutation and AML with the FLT3-ITD mutation. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that the Nutlin-3 plus Tanshinone IIA combination exerts synergistic anti-leukemia effects by regulating the p53 and AKT/mTOR pathways, although further investigation is warranted. Small-molecule MDM2 antagonists plus Tanshinone IIA may thus be a promising strategy for the treatment of acute leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Human Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Fang-Fang Wang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Bing Xiang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Huang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Hong-Bing Ma
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Yu-Ping Gong
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang ST, Chang CC, Pang JHS, Huang HS, Chou SC, Kao MC, You HL. Drynaria fortunei Promoted Angiogenesis Associated With Modified MMP-2/TIMP-2 Balance and Activation of VEGF Ligand/Receptors Expression. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:979. [PMID: 30298000 PMCID: PMC6160574 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose:Drynaria fortunei J. Sm (D. fortunei), known as Gu-Sui-Bu, is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat common injuries, including bone fractures and bruising. The specific functional mechanisms of the angiogenic and endothelial cell migration properties of D. fortunei are currently unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study is to validate the potential angiogenic and cellular migration properties and related mechanisms by D. fortunei both in vivo and in vitro. Experimental Approach: The present study investigates, both in vivo and in vitro, the wound healing effects of D. fortunei as associated with angiogenesis, specifically by the modulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligand/receptors. In order to determine the potential angiogenic effects of D. fortunei, in vivo neovascularization of chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) assay, and directed in vivo angiogenesis assay (DIVVA) were performed, while in vitro scratch wound healing, migration, and matrix-induced tube formation assays were performed by using human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, we used qPCR to analyze the gene expressions and Western blot to observe protein expressions of MMP-2, MMP-14, TIMP-2, RECK, and VEGF/VEGFRs. Results: This study identified five major compounds from the water extract of D. fortunei: protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-O-rutinoside, neoeriocitrin, and naringin. D. fortunei was confirmed to activate in vivo angiogenesis by CAM and DIVVA assays. D. fortunei further exhibited in vitro angiogenic effects associated with cell migration, as demonstrated by the tube formation assay, transwell migration assay, and scratch wound healing assay. The extracellular MMP-2 activity was found to be dose-dependently augmented both in vitro and in vivo by D. fortunei. The mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-2, and MMP-14 were increased; while the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), and reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) were both decreased. Furthermore, D. fortunei activated the gene and protein expressions of VEGF-A, -B, and VEGFR-2, -3. Conclusion:D. fortunei increased MMP-2 activity, thereby stimulating angiogenesis and cell migration, both in vivo and in vitro, as a result of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 balance modulation and the activation of VEGF/VEGFRs expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chieh Chou
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang H, Su X, Fang J, Xin X, Zhao X, Gaur U, Wen Q, Xu J, Little PJ, Zheng W. Tanshinone IIA Attenuates Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 -Induced Cell Proliferation in PC12 Cells through the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092719. [PMID: 30213025 PMCID: PMC6165471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and its receptor (IGF-1R) facilitate tumor proliferation and progression. Tanshinone IIA (TSN) is an active diterpene quinone isolated from the roots of the herbal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza. TSN inhibits the proliferation of various types of cancer cells but its role in the IGF-1R-induced proliferation of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and the potential mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of TSN in PC12 cells and its role on IGF-1R signaling transduction. PC12 cells were treated with IGF-1 with or without TSN, methyl thiazolytetrazolium (MTT) assay, and cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the proliferation of PC12 cells. The role of TSN on the apoptosis of PC12 cells were detected by flow cytometry as well. The effects of TSN and IGF-1 on the phosphorylation of IGF-1R, protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular-signal related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and other downstream targets were analyzed by Western blotting analysis. Our results showed that IGF-1 promoted the growth of PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner and increased the phosphorylation of IGF-1R, whereas TSN attenuated the effect of IGF-1. Interestingly, TSN did not induce cell apoptosis in PC12 cells. Moreover, TSN attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 induced by IGF-1, and the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β, forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) and c-Raf were also inhibited by TSN. Furthermore, TSN inhibited cell growth induced by IGF-1 and blocked the activation of IGF-1R in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, TSN has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of PC12 cells via down-regulation of the phosphorylated IGF-1R and its downstream signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wang
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sothern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xiaoying Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.S.).
| | - Jiankang Fang
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Xingan Xin
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Uma Gaur
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Qiang Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.S.).
| | - Jiangping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sothern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang C, Wang N, Tan HY, Guo W, Li S, Feng Y. Targeting VEGF/VEGFRs Pathway in the Antiangiogenic Treatment of Human Cancers by Traditional Chinese Medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:582-601. [PMID: 29807443 PMCID: PMC6142106 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418775828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bearing in mind the doctrine of tumor angiogenesis hypothesized by Folkman
several decades ago, the fundamental strategy for alleviating numerous cancer
indications may be the strengthening application of notable antiangiogenic
therapies to inhibit metastasis-related tumor growth. Under physiological
conditions, vascular sprouting is a relatively infrequent event unless when
specifically stimulated by pathogenic factors that contribute to the
accumulation of angiogenic activators such as the vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) family and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Since VEGFs have
been identified as the principal cytokine to initiate angiogenesis in tumor
growth, synthetic VEGF-targeting medicines containing bevacizumab and sorafenib
have been extensively used, but prominent side effects have concomitantly
emerged. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM)–derived agents with distinctive
safety profiles have shown their multitarget curative potential by impairing
angiogenic stimulatory signaling pathways directly or eliciting synergistically
therapeutic effects with anti-angiogenic drugs mainly targeting VEGF-dependent
pathways. This review aims to summarize (a) the up-to-date
understanding of the role of VEGF/VEGFR in correlation with proangiogenic
mechanisms in various tissues and cells; (b) the elaboration of
antitumor angiogenesis mechanisms of 4 representative TCMs, including
Salvia miltiorrhiza, Curcuma longa, ginsenosides, and
Scutellaria baicalensis; and (c)
circumstantial clarification of TCM-driven therapeutic actions of suppressing
tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGF/VEGFRs pathway in recent years, based on
network pharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ning Wang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wei Guo
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sha Li
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yibin Feng
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li ZM, Xu SW, Liu PQ. Salvia miltiorrhizaBurge (Danshen): a golden herbal medicine in cardiovascular therapeutics. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:802-824. [PMID: 29698387 PMCID: PMC5943903 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Burge (Danshen) is an eminent medicinal herb that possesses broad cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective actions and has been used in Asian countries for many centuries. Accumulating evidence suggests that Danshen and its components prevent vascular diseases, in particular, atherosclerosis and cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. The published literature indicates that lipophilic constituents (tanshinone I, tanshinone IIa, tanshinone IIb, cryptotanshinone, dihydrotanshinone, etc) as well as hydrophilic constituents (danshensu, salvianolic acid A and B, protocatechuic aldehyde, etc) contribute to the cardiovascular protective actions of Danshen, suggesting a potential synergism among these constituents. Herein, we provide a systematic up-to-date review on the cardiovascular actions and therapeutic potential of major pharmacologically active constituents of Danshen. These bioactive compounds will serve as excellent drug candidates in small-molecule cardiovascular drug discovery. This article also provides a scientific rationale for understanding the traditional use of Danshen in cardiovascular therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-ming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suo-wen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Pei-qing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Qiu Y, Li C, Wang Q, Zeng X, Ji P. Tanshinone IIA induces cell death via Beclin-1-dependent autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC-9 cell line. Cancer Med 2018; 7:397-407. [PMID: 29316373 PMCID: PMC5806115 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TAN) is one of the major functional compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and possesses the ability to suppress the growth of multiple cancer cell types via its apoptosis‐ and autophagy‐inducing functions. In this study, the effect of TAN therapy on the survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was evaluated, and the underlying mechanism involved in the treatment was investigated. Human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell SCC‐9 was used for in vitro assays and induction in an OSCC xenograft mouse model. The tumor cells were subjected to TAN administration at different concentrations. Then the apoptosis and autophagy processes in SCC‐9 cells were evaluated and the activities of Beclin‐1/Atg7/Atg12‐Atg5 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways were determined. In addition, by knocking down the expression of Beclin‐1 in SCC‐9 cells, the study also assessed the role of the indicator in the anti‐OSCC effect of TAN. Results of in vitro assays were further validated with an OSCC xenograft mouse model. Administration of TAN‐induced cell apoptosis and upregulated the expression of cleaved‐caspase‐3. Simultaneously, the autophagy process in SCC‐9 cells was initiated by TAN, which was signaled by the formation of autophagosomes and increase in the ratio of LC3 II/LC3I. The above processes were associated with the activation of Beclin‐1/Atg7/Atg12‐Atg5 signaling and inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Our results also inferred a partially Beclin‐1‐dependent mechanism of action of TAN in OSCC cells: knockdown of the Beclin‐1 blocked the effect of TAN on SCC‐9 cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our study provided a preliminary explanation of the mechanism involved in TAN effect: the agent exerted its autophagy‐inducing effect against OSCC in a multipronged manner, by both inducing the Beclin‐1/Atg7/Atg12‐Atg5 pathway and suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Qiu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Conghua Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qinhua Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Xingqi Zeng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, North Songshi Road #426, Chongqing, 401147, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA exhibits synergetic anti-leukemia effect with imatinib by reactivating p53 and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway in Ph+ ALL. Biochem J 2017; 474:4153-4170. [PMID: 29046392 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) is triggered by BCR/ABL kinase. Recent efforts focused on the development of more potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that also inhibit mutant tyrosine kinases such as nilotinib and dasatinib. Although major advances in the treatment of this aggressive disease with potent inhibitors of the BCR/ABL kinases, patients in remission frequently relapse due to drug resistance possibly mediated, at least in part, by compensatory activation of growth-signaling pathways and protective feedback signaling of leukemia cells in response to TKI treatment. Continuous activation of AKT/mTOR signaling and inactivation of p53 pathway were two mechanisms of TKI resistance. Here, we reported that nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA significantly potentiated the cytotoxic and apoptotic induction effects of imatinib by down-regulation of the AKT/mTOR pathway and reactivating the p53 pathway deeply in Ph+ ALL cell line. In primary samples from Ph+ ALL patients, nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA also exhibited synergetic cytotoxic effects with imatinib. Of note, three samples from Ph+ ALL patients harboring T315I mutation also showed sensitivity to the combined treatment of imatinib, nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA. In Ph+ ALL mouse models, imatinib combined with nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA also exhibited synergetic effects on reduction in leukemia burden. These results demonstrated that nutlin-3 plus tanshinone IIA combined TKI might be a promising treatment strategy for Ph+ ALL patients.
Collapse
|
32
|
Alzhrani RM, Alhadidi Q, Bachu RD, Shah Z, Dey S, Boddu SH. Tanshinone IIA Inhibits VEGF Secretion and HIF-1α Expression in Cultured Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells under Hypoxia. Curr Eye Res 2017; 42:1667-1673. [PMID: 28937825 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2017.1355467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current work intends to study the activity of tanshinone IIA on secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19 cells) under hypoxic condition. METHODS The cytotoxicity of tanshinone IIA was tested in ARPE-19 cells by MTT assay. ARPE-19 cells were incubated with different concentrations of cobalt chloride (100, 150, and 200 µM) for 12 h, and levels of expressed HIF-1α and secreted VEGF were quantified through Western blot and ELISA, respectively. Further, ARPE-19 cells were pretreated for 1 h with different concentrations of tanshinone IIA (5, 10, 15, and 18 µM). After 1 h, the cells were subjected to hypoxic condition using 150 µM cobalt chloride for 12 h in the presence and absence of tanshinone IIA. The cells were then harvested, and the secreted VEGF and expressed HIF-1α was studied. RESULTS Tanshinone IIA at concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 18 μM did not show cytotoxicity in ARPE-19 cells. Chemical hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride caused a significant increase in VEGF level in a dose-dependent manner, and HIF-1α expression peaked at 150 µM. Based on the data, cobalt chloride concentration was maintained at 150 μM for further studies. Tanshinone IIA decreased the level of HIF-1α and VEGF secretion in a dose-dependent manner under hypoxic condition. CONCLUSION Tanshinone IIA could be explored as a new potential candidate for treating wet AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Alzhrani
- a Department of Pharmacy Practice , The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus , Toledo , OH , USA
| | - Qasim Alhadidi
- b Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry , The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus , Toledo , OH , USA
| | - Rinda Devi Bachu
- a Department of Pharmacy Practice , The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus , Toledo , OH , USA
| | - Zahoor Shah
- b Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry , The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus , Toledo , OH , USA
| | - Surajit Dey
- c College of Pharmacy , Roseman University of Health Sciences , Henderson , NV , USA
| | - Sai Hs Boddu
- a Department of Pharmacy Practice , The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus , Toledo , OH , USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Bladder Cancer Cells via Modulation of STAT3-CCL2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081616. [PMID: 28757590 PMCID: PMC5578008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is an extract from the widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), and has been found to attenuate the proliferation of bladder cancer (BCa) cells (The IC50 were: 5637, 2.6 μg/mL; BFTC, 2 μg/mL; T24, 2.7 μg/mL, respectively.). However, the mechanism of the effect of Tan-IIA on migration inhibition of BCa cells remains unclear. This study investigates the anti-metastatic effect of Tan-IIA in human BCa cells and clarifies its molecular mechanism. Three human BCa cell lines, 5637, BFTC and T24, were used for subsequent experiments. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell assays. Real-time RT-PCR and western blotting were performed to detect epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression. The enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) was evaluated by zymography assay. Tan-IIA inhibited the migration and invasion of human BCa cells. Tan-IIA suppressed both the protein expression and enzymatic activity of MMP-9/-2 in human BCa cells. Tan-IIA up-regulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin and down-regulated mesenchymal markers such as N-cadherin and Vimentin, along with transcription regulators such as Snail and Slug in BCa cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mechanism dissection revealed that Tan-IIA-inhibited BCa cell invasion could function via suppressed chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) expression, which could be reversed by the addition of CCL2 recombinant protein. Furthermore, Tan-IIA could inhibit the phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) (Tyr705), which cannot be restored by the CCL2 recombinant protein addition. These data implicated that Tan-IIA might suppress EMT on BCa cells through STAT3-CCL2 signaling inhibition. Tan-IIA inhibits EMT of BCa cells via modulation of STAT3-CCL2 signaling. Our findings suggest that Tan-IIA can serve as a potential anti-metastatic agent in BCa therapy.
Collapse
|
34
|
Xing L, Tan ZR, Cheng JL, Huang WH, Zhang W, Deng W, Yuan CS, Zhou HH. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic comparison of tanshinones between two formulations of Salvia miltiorrhiza in healthy volunteers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4709. [PMID: 28680091 PMCID: PMC5498502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) is widely used to treat microcirculatory disturbance-related diseases; its lipophilic components play important roles in this application. Cryptotanshinone (CTS), tanshinone I (TSI) and tanshinone IIA (TSA) are the most widely-studied lipophilic ingredients, but low oral bioavailability limits their clinical application. It has been proven that micronization could improve the bioavailability of some drugs, so we’ve conducted this randomized study to investigate whether micronized granular powder (GP) of SM could improve the bioavailability of tanshinones compared with traditional decoction (TD). An oral dose of TD or GP of SM was administrated to subjects and blood samples were collected at predetermined time points. The plasma concentrations of tanshinones were detected by a validated method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model. GP of SM resulted in a significant increase in mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), elimination half-life and area under concentration-time curve (AUC) of tanshinones, with the plasma AUC of CTS, TSI and TSA in GP 5–184, 4–619 and 5–130 times higher than TD. In addition, the individual variances of Cmax and AUC were much lower after GP administration. Summarily, tanshinones in micronized GP of SM had higher oral bioavailability and lower individual variances, thus we speculate that it may indicate a better clinical efficacy and be a better choice than current treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xing
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Rong Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.
| | - Jin-Le Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cell-broken Decoction Pieces Technology and Application of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528437, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.,Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China
| | - Wen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Cell-broken Decoction Pieces Technology and Application of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, 528437, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fang J, Little PJ, Xu S. Atheroprotective Effects and Molecular Targets of Tanshinones Derived From Herbal Medicine Danshen. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:201-228. [PMID: 28295428 DOI: 10.1002/med.21438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds modulate multiple therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), rendering herb-derived phytochemicals effective against one of the major CVDs-atherosclerosis. Danshen (Salvia milthiorriza Bunge) is a Chinese medicine that has been used in cardio- and cerebro-vascular therapeutic remedies in Asian countries for many years. Emerging evidence from cellular, animal, and clinical studies suggests that major lipophilic tanshinones from Danshen can treat atherosclerotic CVDs. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of tanshinones in treating atherosclerosis, ranging from endothelial dysfunction to chronic inflammation. We also overview new molecular targets of tanshinones, including endothelial nitric oxide synthase, AMP-activated protein kinase, ABC transporter A1, heme oxygenase 1, soluble epoxide hydrolase, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, estrogen receptor, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. Thus, this review provides a new perspective for advancing our understanding of the "ancient" herb Danshen from "modern" biomedical perspectives, supporting the possibility of exploiting tanshinones and derivatives as effective therapeutics against atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huadu District People's Hospital,Southern Medical University, 48 Xinhua Road, Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence (PACE), School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.,Xinhua College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tanshinone IIA induces intrinsic apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells both in vivo and in vitro associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40382. [PMID: 28106052 PMCID: PMC5247764 DOI: 10.1038/srep40382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a phytochemical derived from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. The association of its inhibitory effect on the primary malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, with mitochondrial dysfunction remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Tan IIA on human osteosarcoma 143B cells both in vitro and in vivo. Administration of Tan IIA to NOD-SCID mice implanted with 143B cells led to significant inhibition of tumor development. The inhibition of proliferation, migration, and invasion was observed in 143B cells treated with Tan IIA. The tumor proliferation markers, Ki67 and PCNA, were suppressed and apoptosis by TUNEL assay was activated respectively. Apoptosis in the Tan IIA-treated 143B cells and xerograft mice was associated with the activation of caspase cascade via the modulation of Bcl-2 family. The CD31 was inhibited in Tan IIA-treated xenografts to indicate anti-neovasculization. Tan IIA administration resulted in a significant decrease in the mitochondrial fusion proteins, Mfn1/2 and Opa1, as well as an increase in the fission protein Drp1. We concluded that mitochondrial dysfunction associated with dynamic change was involved in apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis elicited by Tan IIA.
Collapse
|
37
|
Cai Y, Zhang W, Chen Z, Shi Z, He C, Chen M. Recent insights into the biological activities and drug delivery systems of tanshinones. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:121-30. [PMID: 26792989 PMCID: PMC4708214 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s84035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinones, the major lipid-soluble pharmacological constituents of the Chinese medicinal herb Tanshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), have attracted growing scientific attention because of the prospective biomedical applications of these compounds. Numerous pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardio-cerebrovascular protection activities, are exhibited by the three primary bioactive constituents among the tanshinones, ie, tanshinone I (TNI), tanshinone IIA (TNIIA), and cryptotanshinone (CPT). However, due to their poor solubility and low dissolution rate, the clinical applications of TNI, TNIIA, and CPT are limited. To solve these problems, many studies have focused on loading tanshinones into liposomes, nanoparticles, microemulsions, cyclodextrin inclusions, solid dispersions, and so on. In this review, we aim to offer an updated summary of the biological activities and drug delivery systems of tanshinones to provide a reference for these constituents in clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenji Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zirong Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chiang KC, Sun CC, Chen MH, Huang CY, Hsu JT, Yeh TS, Chen LW, Kuo SF, Juang HH, Takano M, Kittaka A, Chen TC, Yeh CN, Pang JHS. MART-10, the new brand of 1α,25(OH)2D3 analog, is a potent anti-angiogenic agent in vivo and in vitro. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 155:26-34. [PMID: 26385607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is the hall marker for cancer growth and metastasis. Thus, anti-angiogenesis emerges as a new way to treat cancer. 1α,25(OH)2D3 is recently getting popular due to the non-mineral functions, which have been applied fore cancer treatment. The newly-synthesized 1α,25(OH)2D3 analog, MART-10, has been proved to be much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3 regarding inhibiting cancer cells growth and metastasis without inducing hypercalcemia in vivo. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of MART-10 and 1α,25(OH)2D3 on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS MART-10 and 1α,25(OH)2D3 were able to repress VEGFA-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) migration, invasion and tube formation, but not proliferation, with MART-10 much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3. The Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay and matrigeal angiogenesis assay further confirmed the in vivo more potent anti-angiogenesis effect of MART-10. MART-10 inhibited the VEGFA-induced HUVECs angiogenesis process through downregulation of Akt and Erk 1/2 phosphorylation. The VEGFA-VEGFR2 (VEGF receptor 2) axis is the main signal transducing pathway to stimulate angiogenesis. A positive autocrine manner was found for the first time in HUVECs as treated by VEGFA, which induced VEGFA expression and secretion, and VEGFR2 expression. MART-10 and 1α,25(OH)2D3 were demonstrated to be able to repress this positive autocrine manner, thus inhibiting angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS MART-10 and 1α,25(OH)2D3 both are effective anti-angiogenesis agents. Given MART-10 is much more potent than 1α,25(OH)2D3 and active in vivo without obvious side effect, MART-10 should be deemed as a promising anti-cancer agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Chun Chiang
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Ying Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, and Genome Research Center, Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Heng Juang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Masashi Takano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5195, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kittaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5195, Japan
| | - Tai C Chen
- Boston University School of Medicine, M-1022, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chun-Nan Yeh
- General Surgery Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ho TF, Chang CC. A promising "TRAIL" of tanshinones for cancer therapy. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2015; 5:23. [PMID: 26621311 PMCID: PMC4664605 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-015-0023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An ideal cancer therapy specifically targets cancer cells while sparing normal
tissues. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) elicits
apoptosis by engaging its cognate death receptors (DRs—namely, DR4 and DR5. The
cancer cell-selective proapoptotic action of TRAIL is highly attractive for cancer
therapy, but clinical application of TRAIL is rather limited due to tumors’ inherent
or acquired TRAIL resistance. Combining TRAIL with agents that reverse resistance to
it has proved promising in the sensitization of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Noteworthy,
natural compounds have already been validated as potential resources for TRAIL
sensitizers. In this review, we focus on the recently identified TRAILsensitizing
effect of tanshinones, the anticancer ingredients of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen in Chinese). Research from
our laboratories and others have revealed the synergy of a tanshinones-TRAIL
combination in diverse types of cancer cells through up-regulation of DR5 and/or
down-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins such as survivin. Thus, in addition to
their anticancer mechanisms, tanshinones as TRAIL sensitizers hold great potential
to be translated to TRAIL-based therapeutic modalities for combatting cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsing-Fen Ho
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 406, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wan L, Zou Y, Wan LH, Wang LQ, Huang MZ, Wu J, Zhu YB, Huang OP. Tanshinone IIA inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of ectopic endometrial stromal cells of adenomyosis via 14-3-3ζ downregulation. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292:1301-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
41
|
Li G, Shan C, Liu L, Zhou T, Zhou J, Hu X, Chen Y, Cui H, Gao N. Tanshinone IIA inhibits HIF-1α and VEGF expression in breast cancer cells via mTOR/p70S6K/RPS6/4E-BP1 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117440. [PMID: 25659153 PMCID: PMC4320086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) play important roles in angiogenesis and tumor growth. Tanshinone IIA (T2A) is a novel antiangiogenic agent with promising antitumor effects; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the antiangiogenic effects of T2A remains unclear. In the present study, we provided evidence showing that T2A inhibited angiogenesis and breast cancer growth by down-regulating VEGF expression. Specifically, T2A repressed HIF-1α expression at the translational level and inhibited the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α, which led to the down-regulation of VEGF expression. Suppression of HIF-1α synthesis by T2A correlated with strong dephosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its effectors ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 (4E-BP1), a pathway regulating HIF-1α expression at the translational level. In addition, we also found that T2A inhibited the angiogenesis and growth of human breast cancer xenografts in nude mice through suppression of HIF-1α and VEGF. Our study provides novel perspectives and potential targets for the treatment of human breast cancer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Abietanes/pharmacology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Cycle Proteins
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/biosynthesis
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/biosynthesis
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changyu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoye Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yibiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Akaberi M, Mehri S, Iranshahi M. Multiple pro-apoptotic targets of abietane diterpenoids from Salvia species. Fitoterapia 2015; 100:118-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
43
|
Yang RC, Chang CC, Sheen JM, Wu HT, Pang JHS, Huang ST. Davallia bilabiata Inhibits TNF-α-Induced Adhesion Molecules and Chemokines by Suppressing IKK/NF-kappa B Pathway in Vascular Endothelial Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:1411-29. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1450089x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Davallia bilabiata (D. bilabiata) is also called GuSuiBu in Taiwan and is used as a substitute for Drynaria fortunei J. Sm. It is often used for trauma and bone repair. The inhibitory effect of D. bilabiata on inflammatory activity has not been reported. In the present study, we aimed to study the mechanism of anti-inflammation of D. bilabiata on the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells. The results showed that D. bilabiata, at concentrations without cytotoxic effect, inhibited the adhesion of monocytes (THP-1) to the TNF-α-stimulated human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). D. bilabiata suppressed the expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM, VCAM, and E-selectin at both the mRNA and protein level. In addition, both of the TNF-α-induced mRNA and protein expression of chemokines including fractalkine/CX3CL1, MCP-1 and RANTES as well as the level of secreted soluble fractalkine were decreased by D. bilabiata. We also verified that D. bilabiata inhibited the TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB through the inhibitory process on the TNF-α-activated phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκB and NF-κB. All together, we concluded that the D. bilabiata affected the canonical pathway of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and down-regulated cell adhesion molecules and chemokine expression through inhibition of the NF-κB/IκBα/IKK signaling pathway. These findings strongly indicated that D. bilabiata might be a promising alternative/adjunct treatment for inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Chi Yang
- Chinese Herbal Pharmacy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jer-Ming Sheen
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S. Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
XING YINGYING, TU JIAJIE, ZHENG LUFENG, GUO LE, XI TAO. Anti-angiogenic effect of tanshinone IIA involves inhibition of the VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway in vascular endothelial cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:163-70. [PMID: 25376085 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
45
|
Chao TH, Fu PK, Chang CH, Chang SN, Chiahung Mao F, Lin CH. Prescription patterns of Chinese herbal products for post-surgery colon cancer patients in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:702-708. [PMID: 24945402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is commonly provided to cancer patients, however, the patterns of prescriptions for this type of medicine in Taiwan are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the use of traditional Chinese medicine products in colon cancer patients post-surgery in Taiwan and to research patterns of TCM. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of newly diagnosed colon cancer patients who received surgery between 2004 and 2008 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The prescription patterns and reasons for the use of TCM for colon cancer were analyzed. RESULTS The results showed that "symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions" (23.3%) and diseases of the digestive system (16.9%) were the most common reasons for using Chinese herbal medicine. Xiang-sha-liu-jun-zi-tang (7.1%), Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (4.3%), Jia-wei-xiao-yao-san (4.1%), Shen-Ling-Bai-Zhu-San (3.7%), Ban-Xia-Xie-Xin-Tang (3.4%), Gui-pi-tang (2.4%), Ping-Wei-San (2.4%), Gan-Lu-Yin (2.0%), Bao-He-Wan (1.9%), and Zhen-Ren-Huo-Ming-Yin (1.8%) were the most commonly prescribed single Chinese herbal formulae (CHF) for colon cancer patients post-surgery. Hedyotis diffusa Willd (Bai Hua She She Cao) (5.1%) and Scutellaria barbata (Ban Zhi Lian )(4.8%) were the most commonly prescribed single Chinese herbs. CONCLUSIONS This study identified patterns of TCM use in colon cancer patients post-surgery in Taiwan. The herbal ingredients were most commonly used for stimulate ghrelin secretion to increase food intake and had potential anti-tumor effect. However, further research is required to evaluate any beneficial effects which could identify leads for the development of new treatment strategies using TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te-Hsin Chao
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pin-Kuei Fu
- Division of Critical Care & Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiung-Hung Chang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Ni Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, #160, Section 3, Chung-Kang Rd., Taichung, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Frank Chiahung Mao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, #160, Section 3, Chung-Kang Rd., Taichung, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang ZR, Li JH, Li S, Liu AL, Hoi PM, Tian HY, Ye WC, Lee SMY, Jiang RW. In vivo angiogenesis screening and mechanism of action of novel tanshinone derivatives produced by one-pot combinatorial modification of natural tanshinone mixture from Salvia miltiorrhiza. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100416. [PMID: 24992590 PMCID: PMC4081027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural products present in low quantity in herb medicines constitute an important source of chemical diversity. However, the isolation of sufficient amounts of these low abundant constituents for structural modification has been a challenge for several decades and subsequently halts research on the utilization of this important source of chemical entities for drug discovery and development. And, pro-angiogenic therapies are being explored as options to treat cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and wound healing recently. The present study investigates the pro-angiogenic potential of tanshinone derivatives produced by one-pot synthesis using zebrafish model. Methodology/Principal Findings In order to address the difficulty of chemical modification of low abundant constituents in herb medicines, a novel one-pot combinatorial modification was used to diversify a partially purified tanshinone mixture from Salvia miltiorrhiza. This led to the isolation of ten new imidazole-tanshinones (Compounds 1–10) and one oxazole-tanshinone (Compound 11), the structures of which were characterized by spectroscopic methods in combination with single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The angiogenesis activities of the new tanshinone derivatives were determined in an experimental model of chemical-induced blood vessels damage in zebrafish. Of all the tested new derivatives, compound 10 exhibited the most potent vascular protective and restorative activity with an EC50 value of 0.026 µM. Moreover, the mechanism underlying the pro-angiogenesis effect of 10 probably involved the VEGF/FGF-Src-MAPK and PI3K-P38 signalling pathways by gene expression analysis and a blocking assay with pathways-specific kinase inhibitors. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, our study demonstrated the more distinctive pro-angiogenic properties of 10 than other tanshinones and revealed 10 has potential for development as a pro-angiogenic agent for diseases associated with insufficient angiogenesis. Our results highlighted the great potential of adopting a newly modified one-pot approach to enhance the chemical diversity and biological activities of constituents from natural products regardless of their abundances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P.R. China
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pui-Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SMYL); (RWJ)
| | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SMYL); (RWJ)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chang CC, Chu CF, Wang CN, Wu HT, Bi KW, Pang JHS, Huang ST. The anti-atherosclerotic effect of tanshinone IIA is associated with the inhibition of TNF-α-induced VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and CX3CL1 expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:207-216. [PMID: 24157079 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is one of the major diterpenes in Salvia miltiorrhiza. The inhibitory effect of Tanshinone IIA on atherosclerosis has been reported, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. The present study aimed to study the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Tanshinone IIA on the adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells and related mechanism. Results showed that Tanshinone IIA, at the concentrations without cytotoxic effect, dose-dependently inhibited the adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to the TNF-α-stimulated human vascular endothelial cells. The expressions of cell adhesion molecules including VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin were induced by TNF-α in HUVECs at both the mRNA and protein levels. The mRNA and protein expressions of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, but not E-selectin, were both significantly suppressed by Tanshinone IIA in a dose dependent manner. In addition, the TNF-α-induced mRNA expression of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and the level of soluble fractalkine were both reduced by Tanshinone IIA. We also found that Tanshinone IIA significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB which was resulted from the inhibitory effect of Tanshinone IIA on the TNF-α-activated phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκB and NF-κB. As one of the major components of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tanshinone IIA alone exerted more potent effect on inhibiting the adhesion of monocytes to vascular endothelial cells when compared with Salvia miltiorrhiza. All together, these results demonstrate a novel underlying mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of Tanshinone IIA by modulating TNF-α-induced expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and fractalkine through inhibition of TNF-α-induced activation of IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway in human vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Fu Chu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Nin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Wei Bi
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chen X, Guo J, Bao J, Lu J, Wang Y. The anticancer properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): a systematic review. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:768-94. [PMID: 24123144 DOI: 10.1002/med.21304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) is a classical Huoxue Huayu (a traditional Chinese medical term means promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis) herb with 1000 years of clinical application. It mainly contains two groups of ingredients: the hydrophilic phenolic acids and the lipophilic tanshinones. Both groups have demonstrated multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidative stress, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, among others. Recent data have demonstrated that its lipophilic compounds, especially the tanshinones, show potent anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. The anticancer effects of the hydrophilic phenolic acids have also been reported. Furthermore, tanshinones provide structural skeletons for chemical modifications, allowing for a series of derivatives of interests. This review provides a systematic summary of the anticancer profile and the underlying mechanisms of the bioactive compounds isolated from Danshen with special emphasis on tanshinones, aiming to bring new insights for further research and development of this ancient herb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nicolin V, Bossi F, Viggiano A, Valentini R, Nori S. Tanshinone VI Inhibits the Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 26:977-82. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the possible antitumor mechanisms of action of Tanshinone VI, one of the components of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which is used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. To this end, the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), were evaluated in-vitro in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated endothelial cells, with, or without the addition of Tanshinone VI (10, 20, 30, or 40 mM) in the culture medium; the effects of Tanshinone VI on angiogenesis was also evaluated with an epithelial cell tube formation assay and its toxicity was evaluated with a colorimetric (MTT) cell viability assay. The results showed that the up-regulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by TNF-α was dose-dependently inhibited by Tanshinone VI, with restoration of control levels at the dose of 40 mM; Tanshinone VI also had a remarkable anti-angiogenesis effect, already at the dose of 10 mM, while none of the doses tested had significant effects on cell viability. These results indicate that the antitumor properties of Tanshinone VI can be ascribed to the inhibition of cell adhesion, due to blockage of the up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules, with the consequent inhibition of metastases formation and/or angiogenesis. The lack of toxic effects at the dosage used makes Tanshinone VI a good candidate for its therapeutic use in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. Nicolin
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, Trieste, Italy
| | - F. Bossi
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, Trieste, Italy
| | - A. Viggiano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - R. Valentini
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, Trieste, Italy
| | - S.L. Nori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yun SM, Jung JH, Jeong SJ, Sohn EJ, Kim B, Kim SH. Tanshinone IIA induces autophagic cell death via activation of AMPK and ERK and inhibition of mTOR and p70 S6K in KBM-5 leukemia cells. Phytother Res 2013; 28:458-64. [PMID: 23813779 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) from Salviae miltiorrhizae was known to induce apoptosis in various cancers, its underlying mechanism of autophagic cell death was not reported yet. Thus, in the present study, the molecular mechanism of autophagic cell death by Tan IIA was investigated in KBM-5 leukemia cells. Tan IIA significantly increased the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) II as a hallmark of autophagy in western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Tan IIA augmented the phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and attenuated the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70 S6K in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine partly reversed the cytotoxicity and the phosphorylation of AMPK, mTOR and p70 S6K induced by Tan IIA in KBM-5 leukemia cells. In addition, Tan IIA dramatically activated the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway including Raf, ERK and p90 RSK in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Consistently, ERK inhibitor PD184352 suppressed LC3-II activation induced by Tan IIA, whereas PD184352 and PD98059 did not affect poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and sub-G1 accumulation induced by Tan IIA in KBM-5 leukemia cells. Furthermore, Tan IIA could induce autophagy via LC3-II activation in various cancer cells such as prostate (PC-3), multiple myeloma (U266), lung (NCI-H460), and breast (MDA-MB-231) cells. Overall, these findings suggest that Tan IIA induces autophagic cell death via activation of AMPK and ERK and inhibition of mTOR and p70 S6K in KBM-5 cells as a potent natural compound for leukemia treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Mi Yun
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|