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Tian X, Guo J, Gu C, Wang H, Wang D, Liao Y, Zhu S, Zhao M, Gu Z. Ergothioneine-Sodium Hyaluronate Dressing: A Promising Approach for Protecting against Radiation-Induced Skin Injury. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29917-29929. [PMID: 38813785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy commonly causes damage to healthy tissues, particularly radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) that affects a significant majority of patients undergoing radiotherapy. Effective treatments for RISI are lacking. This study focuses on the pathogenesis of RISI, which primarily involves oxidative stress. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation during radiation induces damage to biological macromolecules, triggering oxidative stress and inflammation. To address this, ergothioneine (EGT), a natural and biocompatibile thiol compound with excellent antioxidant activity, is explored as a potential radiation-protective agent. By utilizing its specific transport and absorption in the skin tissue, as well as its efficient and stable clearance of radiation-induced "ROS storm", EGT is combined with sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) to develop a novel radiation protective dressing suitable for the skin. This EGT-NaHA dressing demonstrates an effective ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo, reducing cellular apoptosis and inflammation. These results demonstrate the protective properties of EGT against RISI, with far-reaching implications for research and development in the field of radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junsong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenglu Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - You Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Maoru Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of High Energy Physics and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Elez-Burnjaković N, Pojskić L, Haverić A, Lojo-Kadrić N, Omanović MH, Ramić J, Smajlović A, Maksimović M, Haverić S. New in vitro findings about halogenated boroxine cytotoxicity and deregulation of cell death-related genes in GR-M melanoma cells. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:16-21. [PMID: 37014684 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-proliferative effects of halogenated boroxine - K2(B3O3F4OH) (HB) - have been confirmed in multiple cancer cell lines, including melanoma, but the exact mechanism of action is still unknown. This study aimed to determine its cytotoxic effects on human Caucasian melanoma (GR-M) cell growth in vitro as well as on the expression of cell death-related genes BCL-2, BECN1, DRAM1, and SQSTM1. GR-M and peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells were treated with different HB concentrations and their growth inhibition and relative gene expression profiles were determined using the Alamar blue assay and real-time PCR. HB significantly inhibited cell growth of both GR-M and PBM cells but was even more effective in GR-M melanoma cells, as significant inhibition occurred at a lower HB concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. GR-M BCL-2 expression was significantly downregulated (P=0.001) at HB concentration of 0.4 mg/mL, which suggests that HB is a potent tumour growth inhibitor. At the same time, it upregulated BCL-2 expression in normal (PBM) cells, probably by activating protective mechanisms against induced cytotoxicity. In addition, all but the lowest HB concentrations significantly upregulated SQSTM1 (P=0.001) in GR-M cells. Upregulated BECN1 expression suggests early activation of autophagy at the lowest HB concentration in SQSTM1 cells and at all HB concentrations in PBM cells. Our findings clearly show HB-associated cell death and, along with previous cytotoxicity studies, reveal its promising anti-tumour potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Elez-Burnjaković
- 1University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine Foča, Department of Cell Biology and Human Genetics, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lejla Pojskić
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anja Haverić
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Naida Lojo-Kadrić
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Maida Hadžić Omanović
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jasmin Ramić
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ajla Smajlović
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Milka Maksimović
- 3University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sanin Haverić
- 2University of Sarajevo, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Zhao M, Li B, He H, Hou T. Preparation, identification, computational analysis of antioxidative peptides derived from Lumbricus protein and prevention of UV-B radiation-induced skin damaged. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Tan S, Khumalo N, Bayat A. Understanding Keloid Pathobiology From a Quasi-Neoplastic Perspective: Less of a Scar and More of a Chronic Inflammatory Disease With Cancer-Like Tendencies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1810. [PMID: 31440236 PMCID: PMC6692789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are considered as benign fibroproliferative skin tumors growing beyond the site of the original dermal injury. Although traditionally viewed as a form of skin scarring, keloids display many cancer-like characteristics such as progressive uncontrolled growth, lack of spontaneous regression and extremely high rates of recurrence. Phenotypically, keloids are consistent with non-malignant dermal tumors that are due to the excessive overproduction of collagen which never metastasize. Within the remit of keloid pathobiology, there is increasing evidence for the various interplay of neoplastic-promoting and suppressing factors, which may explain its aggressive clinical behavior. Amongst the most compelling parallels between keloids and cancer are their shared cellular bioenergetics, epigenetic methylation profiles and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition amongst other disease biological (genotypic and phenotypic) behaviors. This review explores the quasi-neoplastic or cancer-like properties of keloids and highlights areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvian Tan
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nonhlanhla Khumalo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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5
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Zou D, Li J, Fan Q, Zheng X, Deng J, Wang S. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induce cell apoptosis via a mitochondria‐dependent pathway in hyperoxia lung injury. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4837-4850. [PMID: 30592322 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianqian Fan
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuemei Zheng
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Deng
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Women and Children Health Institute Futian, Shenzhen, China
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Grafanaki K, Anastasakis D, Kyriakopoulos G, Skeparnias I, Georgiou S, Stathopoulos C. Translation regulation in skin cancer from a tRNA point of view. Epigenomics 2018; 11:215-245. [PMID: 30565492 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is a central and dynamic process, frequently deregulated in cancer through aberrant activation or expression of translation initiation factors and tRNAs. The discovery of tRNA-derived fragments, a new class of abundant and, in some cases stress-induced, small Noncoding RNAs has perplexed the epigenomics landscape and highlights the emerging regulatory role of tRNAs in translation and beyond. Skin is the biggest organ in human body, which maintains homeostasis of its multilayers through regulatory networks that induce translational reprogramming, and modulate tRNA transcription, modification and fragmentation, in response to various stress signals, like UV irradiation. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on the role of translation regulation and tRNA biology in the alarming prevalence of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Anastasakis
- National Institute of Musculoskeletal & Arthritis & Skin, NIH, 50 South Drive, Room 1152, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - George Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ilias Skeparnias
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Sophia Georgiou
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Feehan RP, Nelson AM, Shantz LM. Inhibition of mTORC2 enhances UVB-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes through a mechanism dependent on the FOXO3a transcriptional target NOXA but independent of TRAIL. Cell Signal 2018; 52:35-47. [PMID: 30172026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The primary cause of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. We have shown previously that mTORC2 inhibition sensitizes keratinocytes to UVB-induced apoptosis mediated by the transcription factor FOXO3a. FOXO3a is a key regulator of apoptosis and a tumor suppressor in several cancer types. Activation of FOXO3a promotes apoptosis through the coordinated expression of a variety of target genes, including TRAIL and NOXA. We hypothesized that in the setting of mTORC2 inhibition, the UVB-induced expression of these factors would lead to apoptosis in a FOXO3a-dependent manner. Using spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), we observed that both TRAIL and NOXA expression increased in cells exposed to UVB and the TOR kinase inhibitor Torin 2. Similar to knockdown of FOXO3a, NOXA knockdown reversed the sensitization to UVB-induced apoptosis caused by mTORC2 inhibition. In contrast, loss of TRAIL by either knockdown or knockout actually enhanced expression of nuclear FOXO3a, which maintained apoptosis. These surprising results are not due to faulty death receptor signaling in HaCaT cells, as we found that the cells undergo extrinsic apoptosis in response to treatment with recombinant TRAIL. Even more striking, TRAIL knockout cells were sensitized to recombinant TRAIL-induced apoptosis compared to wild-type HaCaT cells, with the largest increase occurring in the presence of mTORC2 inhibition. Taken together, these studies provide strong evidence that mTORC2 controls UVB-induced apoptosis by regulating NOXA expression downstream of FOXO3a. Moreover, FOXO3a transcriptional activation by mTORC2 inhibitors may be a valuable target for prevention or therapy of NMSC, especially in cases with low endogenous TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Feehan
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
| | - Amanda M Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
| | - Lisa M Shantz
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
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8
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Ghiciuc CM, Strat AL, Ochiuz L, Lupusoru CE, Ignat M, Vasile A, Grigorovici A, Stoleriu I, Solcan C. Inhibition of bcl-2 and cox-2 Protein Expression after Local Application of a New Carmustine-Loaded Clinoptilolite-Based Delivery System in a Chemically Induced Skin Cancer Model in Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22112014. [PMID: 29156646 PMCID: PMC6150160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22112014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our research has focused on in vitro and in vivo evaluations of a new Carmustine (BCNU)-loaded clinoptilolite-based delivery system. Two clinoptilolite ionic forms-hydrogen form (HCLI) and sodium form (NaCLI)-were prepared, allowing a loading degree of about 5-6 mg BCNU/g of zeolite matrix due to the dual porous feature of clinoptilolite. Clinoptilolite-based delivery systems released 35.23% of the load in 12 h for the BCNU@HCLI system and only 10.82% for the BCNU@NaCLI system. The BCNU@HCLI system was chosen to develop gel and cream semisolid dosage forms. The cream (C_BCNU@HCLI) released 29.6% of the loaded BCNU after 12 h in the Nylon synthetic membrane test and 31.6% in the collagen membrane test, higher by comparison to the gel. The new cream was evaluated in vivo in a chemically induced model of skin cancer in mice. Quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis showed stronger inhibition of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2) protein expression, known markers for cancer survival and aggressiveness, after the treatment with C_BCNU@HCLI by comparison to all the control treatment types, including an off-label magistral formula commercially available Carmustine cream as reference, bringing evidence that a clinoptilolite-based delivery systems could be used as a cancer drug carriers and controlled release systems (skin-targeted topical delivery systems).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Aurel Lulu Strat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Hospital of Infectious Diseases "Saint Parascheva", 2, Octav Botez Street, 700116 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Lacramioara Ochiuz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Catalina Elena Lupusoru
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Maria Ignat
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University, 11, Blvd. Carol the 1st, 700560 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Aurelia Vasile
- Faculty of Chemistry, "Al. I. Cuza" University, 11, Blvd. Carol the 1st, 700560 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Grigorovici
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16, University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Iulian Stoleriu
- Faculty of Mathematics, "Al. I. Cuza" University, 11, Blvd. Carol the 1st, 700506 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Carmen Solcan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine "Ion Ionescu de la Brad", 8, Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania.
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Molecular signaling cascades involved in nonmelanoma skin carcinogenesis. Biochem J 2017; 473:2973-94. [PMID: 27679857 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer worldwide and the incidence continues to rise, in part due to increasing numbers in high-risk groups such as organ transplant recipients and those taking photosensitizing medications. The most significant risk factor for NMSC is ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight, specifically UVB, which is the leading cause of DNA damage, photoaging, and malignant transformation in the skin. Activation of apoptosis following UVR exposure allows the elimination of irreversibly damaged cells that may harbor oncogenic mutations. However, UVR also activates signaling cascades that promote the survival of these potentially cancerous cells, resulting in tumor initiation. Thus, the UVR-induced stress response in the skin is multifaceted and requires coordinated activation of numerous pathways controlling DNA damage repair, inflammation, and kinase-mediated signal transduction that lead to either cell survival or cell death. This review focuses on the central signaling mechanisms that respond to UVR and the subsequent cellular changes. Given the prevalence of NMSC and the resulting health care burden, many of these pathways provide promising targets for continued study aimed at both chemoprevention and chemotherapy.
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Tang Q, Ji F, Sun W, Wang J, Guo J, Guo L, Li Y, Bao Y. Combination of baicalein and 10-hydroxy camptothecin exerts remarkable synergetic anti-cancer effects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1778-1786. [PMID: 27912880 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 10-Hydroxy camptothecin (HCPT), a naturally occurring alkaloid, is a clinical drug for cancer chemotherapy. Baicalein (BA) is a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis. The synergistic anti-cancer effect of BA and HCPT has not been reported. PURPOSE To explore whether and how BA enhances the anti-cancer effect of HCPT in BGC823 cells. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed through flow cytometry and western blotting analysis. DNA damage was determined by a comet assay. The activity of topoisomerase I (Topo I) was detected by the plasmid DNA relaxation assay. The synergistic anti-cancer effect of BA and HCPT in vivo was tested by BGC823 xenografted tumor model. RESULTS BA at non-toxic doses prominently enhanced the anti-cancer activities of HCPT in BGC823, MCF7 and SMMC7721 cells. Combination treatment of BA and HCPT induced BGC823 cells apoptosis mainly via intrinsic rather than extrinsic pathways, and preferentially arresting cell cycle in G1 and G2 phases with the aid of p21. Of note, p53, the upstream regulator of cell apoptosis and cycle, was increased by 5 folds in combination group. It helped to further trigger DNA damage and inhibit Topo I catalytic activity after combination treatment of BA and HCPT. Moreover, the BGC823 xenografted tumor growth rate in nude mice was repressed in a greater degree (P< 0.01) in the combinational group than the single-drug group. CONCLUSION HCPT and BA, a new and effective combination therapy, synergistically target Topo I and up-regulate p53 to induce cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Fangling Ji
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Wenhui Sun
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Jianli Guo
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China
| | - Lianying Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 China
| | - Yachen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 China.
| | - Yongming Bao
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China; School of Food and Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221 China.
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Anticancer Activity of a Hexapeptide from Skate (Raja porosa) Cartilage Protein Hydrolysate in HeLa Cells. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14080153. [PMID: 27537897 PMCID: PMC4999914 DOI: 10.3390/md14080153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the hexapeptide Phe-Ile-Met-Gly-Pro-Tyr (FIMGPY), which has a molecular weight of 726.9 Da, was separated from skate (Raja porosa) cartilage protein hydrolysate using ultrafiltration and chromatographic methods, and its anticancer activity was evaluated in HeLa cells. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated that FIMGPY exhibited high, dose-dependent anti-proliferation activities in HeLa cells with an IC50 of 4.81 mg/mL. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence staining and flow cytometry methods confirmed that FIMGPY could inhibit HeLa cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. Western blot assay revealed that the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and relative intensity of caspase-3 in HeLa cells treated with 7-mg/mL FIMGPY were 2.63 and 1.83, respectively, significantly higher than those of the blank control (p < 0.01). Thus, FIMGPY could induce apoptosis by upregulating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activation. Using a DNA ladder method further confirmed that the anti-proliferation activity of FIMGPY was attributable to its role in inducing apoptosis. These results suggest that FIMGPY from skate cartilage protein hydrolysate may have applications as functional foods and nutraceuticals for the treatment and prevention of cancer.
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12
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p62 modulates the intrinsic signaling of UVB-induced apoptosis. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 83:226-33. [PMID: 27368125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UVB radiation is the main source of sunburn and skin cancers. Apoptosis eliminates photodamaged cells, and is thus important for preventing epidermal carcinogenesis. The cytoplasmic regulatory protein p62/A170/sequestosome 1 (p62) molecule is involved in a variety of cellular and signaling pathways. p62 is known to be and important in autophagy, but its role in UVB-induced apoptosis remains to be clarified. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of p62 against UVB-induced apoptotic changes, using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from p62 homozygous knockout (p62(-/-)) mice. METHODS p62(-/-) and wild-type (p62(+/+)) mice and MEFs were subjected to UVB irradiation, and the resultant apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blots. RESULTS Apoptosis was decreased in the p62(-/-) MEFs compared to p62(+/+) MEFs in response to UVB treatment. Compared with p62(+/+) MEFs, p62(-/-) MEFs expressed significantly more Bcl-2 and less Bax, and showed increased Src and Stat3 phosphorylation. Our results show that p62 regulates apoptotic pathways by modifying critical signaling intermediates such as Src and Stat3. CONCLUSION p62 deficiency [corrected] reduces UVB-induced apoptosis by modulating intrinsic apoptotic signaling through Src phosphorylation.
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Fukumoto T, Iwasaki T, Okada T, Hashimoto T, Moon Y, Sakaguchi M, Fukami Y, Nishigori C, Oka M. High expression of Mcl-1L via the MEK-ERK-phospho-STAT3 (Ser727) pathway protects melanocytes and melanoma from UVB-induced apoptosis. Genes Cells 2016; 21:185-99. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fukumoto
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 Japan
| | - Tetsushi Iwasaki
- Research Center for Environmental Genomics; Organization of Advanced Science and Technology; Kobe University; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Science; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Taro Okada
- Division of Biochemistry; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 Japan
| | - Takanori Hashimoto
- Department of Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Science; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Youbin Moon
- Department of Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Science; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Masanobu Sakaguchi
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 Japan
| | - Yasuo Fukami
- Research Center for Environmental Genomics; Organization of Advanced Science and Technology; Kobe University; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
- Department of Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Science; 1-1 Rokkodai Nada Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 Japan
| | - Masahiro Oka
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 Japan
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de Brot S, Schade B, Croci M, Dettwiler M, Guscetti F. Sequence and partial functional analysis of canine Bcl-2 family proteins. Res Vet Sci 2015; 104:126-35. [PMID: 26850551 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dogs present with spontaneous neoplasms biologically similar to human cancers. Apoptotic pathways are deregulated during cancer genesis and progression and are important for therapy. We have assessed the degree of conservation of a set of canine Bcl-2 family members with the human and murine orthologs. To this end, seven complete canine open reading frames were cloned in this family, four of which are novel for the dog, their sequences were analyzed, and their functional interactions were studied in yeasts. We found a high degree of overall and domain sequence homology between canine and human proteins. It was slightly higher than between murine and human proteins. Functional interactions between canine pro-apoptotic Bax and Bak and anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL, Bcl-w, and Mcl-1 were recapitulated in yeasts. Our data provide support for the notion that systems based on canine-derived proteins might faithfully reproduce Bcl-2 family member interactions known from other species and establish the yeast as a useful tool for functional studies with canine proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Brot
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Schade
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Croci
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Dettwiler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Cheng CH, Yang FF, Liao SA, Miao YT, Ye CX, Wang AL, Liu JC, Liu LW. Identification, characterization and functional analysis of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2-like gene from pufferfish, Takifugu obscurus, responding to bacterial challenge. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:1053-1064. [PMID: 25963943 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a crucial role in many biological processes, including development, cellular homeostasis and immune responses. The BCL-2 family is a key regulator of the mitochondrial response to apoptotic signals in the intrinsic pathway. In this study, we identified and characterized the cDNA and expression pattern of pufferfish BCL-2 (PfBCL-2). The full-length cDNA of PfBCL-2 was 1412 bp with an open reading frame of 657 bp encoding a putative protein of 219 amino acids (Accession no: KP898414). The calculated molecular mass of the PfBCL-2 was 24.2 kDa with a predicted isoelectric point of 5.27. The deduced PfBCL-2 protein exhibited four highly conserved BCL-2 homology domains, suggesting that PfBCL-2 may play a similar role in the apoptotic-signaling pathway as in other species. Real-time PCR results showed that PfBCL-2 transcript was expressed in a wide range of tissues but exhibited the greatest level of expression in blood. Transcriptional responses of PfBCL-2 exhibited different spatial and temporal expression profiles in liver and blood after bacterial infection. PfBcl-2 transcript was significantly up-regulated in liver at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h (with maximum induction at 48 h) and was up-regulated in blood at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h (with maximum induction at 12 h). Meanwhile, recombinant PfBCL-2 fused with His6 tag was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified using Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid resin. Western blot analysis indicated that its protein level appeared to be elevated during the initial bacterial infection. These results suggest that PfBCL-2 plays important roles in immune responses against bacteria challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China,
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16
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Veselá B, Matalová E. Expression of apoptosis-related genes in the mouse skin during the first postnatal catagen stage, focused on localization of Bnip3L and caspase-12. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:326-35. [PMID: 25943459 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hair follicles undergo repetitive stages of cell proliferation and programmed cell death. The catagen stage of physiological apoptosis is connected with dynamic changes in morphology and alterations in gene expression. However, hair follicle apoptosis must be in balance with events in surrounding tissues, such as keratinocyte cornification, to maintain complex skin homeostasis. Several pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules in the skin have been reported but mainly in pathological states. In this investigation, apoptosis-related gene expression was examined during the first catagen stage of mouse hair follicle development by PCR arrays under physiological conditions. Postnatal stages P15 and P17, representing early and late catagen stages, were evaluated relatively to stage P6, representing the hair follicle growing phase, to demonstrate dynamics of gene activation during the catagen. Several statistically significant alterations were observed at P15 and particularly at P17. Bnip3L and caspase-12 identified by the PCR arrays at both catagen stages were additionally localized using immunofluorescence and were reported in physiological hair development for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Veselá
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics AS CR , Brno , Czech Republic
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17
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Burke MT, Morais C, Oliver KA, Lambie DLJ, Gobe GC, Carroll RP, Staatz CE, Sinnya S, Soyer HP, Winterford C, Haass NK, Campbell SB, Isbel NM. Expression of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 in the nonmelanoma skin cancers of renal transplant recipients. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 143:514-26. [PMID: 25780003 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpqnb5wa3plqbk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate how immunosuppression influences the protein expression of antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family-namely, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1-in nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and the peritumoral epidermis of renal transplant recipients. METHODS NMSC and peritumoral epidermis protein expression of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in renal transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus or sirolimus and the general population not receiving immunosuppression. RESULTS NMSC from renal transplant recipients compared with patients not receiving immunosuppressant medications had a reduced Bcl-xL expression intensity (P = .042). Mcl-1 expression intensity in NMSC was decreased in tacrolimus-treated patients compared with sirolimus-treated patients and the nonimmunosuppressed population (P = .024). Bcl-xL expression intensity was increased in peritumoral epidermis compared with NMSC (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS It was shown for the first time that Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression are widespread in the peritumoral epidermis and NMSC of renal transplant recipients. Importantly in NMSC, Bcl-xL expression was reduced with immunosuppression exposure, and Mcl-1 expression was reduced in tacrolimus-treated compared with sirolimus-treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Burke
- Department of Renal Medicine, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christudas Morais
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kimberley A. Oliver
- Department of Pathology, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Duncan L. J. Lambie
- IQ Pathology, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert P. Carroll
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Sudipta Sinnya
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - H. Peter Soyer
- Dermatology Research Centre, The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clay Winterford
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nikolas K. Haass
- The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott B. Campbell
- Department of Renal Medicine, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicole M. Isbel
- Department of Renal Medicine, University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Photosensitized mefloquine induces ROS-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in keratinocytes under ambient UVB and sunlight exposure. Cell Biol Toxicol 2014; 30:253-68. [PMID: 25034908 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-014-9280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study illustrates the photosensitizing behavior of mefloquine (MQ) in human skin keratinocytes under ambient doses of UVB and sunlight exposure. Photochemically, MQ generated reactive oxygen species superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxygen through type I and type II photodynamic reactions, respectively, which caused photooxidative damage to DNA and formed localized DNA lesions cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. Photosensitized MQ reduced the viability of keratinocytes to 25 %. Significant level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was estimated through fluorescence probe DCF-H2. Increased apoptotic cells were evident through AO/EB staining and phosphatidyl serine translocation in cell membrane. Single-stranded DNA damage was marked through single-cell gel electrophoresis. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization and lysosomal destabilization were evident. Upregulation of Bax and p21 and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes and corresponding protein levels supported apoptotic cell death of keratinocyte cells. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) were confirmed through immunofluorescence. In addition, hallmarks of apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest were confirmed through flow cytometry analysis. Our findings suggest that MQ may damage DNA and produce DNA lesions which may induce differential biological responses in the skin on brief exposure to UVB and sunlight.
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Park G, Kim H, Hong SP, Kim S, Oh M. Walnuts (Seeds of Juglandis sinensis L.) Protect Human Epidermal Keratinocytes against UVB-Induced Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis through Upregulation of ROS Elimination Pathways. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 27:132-40. [DOI: 10.1159/000354917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Badaboina S, Bai HW, Park CH, Jang DM, Choi BY, Chung BY. Molecular mechanism of apoptosis induction in skin cancer cells by the centipedegrass extract. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:350. [PMID: 24325618 PMCID: PMC3880216 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Centipedegrass extract (CGE) is mainly composed of maysin and its derivatives, which are recognized internationally as natural compounds. Compared to other flavonoids, maysin has a unique structure in that mannose is bound to the flavonoid backbone. CGE exhibits some biological properties in that it can function as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic, and insecticidal. Whether CGE has other biological functions, such as anti-cancer activity, is unknown. Methods B16F1 (mouse) and SKMEL-5 (human) cells were treated with CGE, and their subsequent survival was determined using MTT assay. We performed a cell cycle analysis using propidium iodide (PI), and detected apoptosis using double staining with annexin V-FITC/PI. In addition, we examined mitochondrial membrane potentials using flow cytometry, as well as signaling mechanisms with an immunoblotting analysis. Results CGE inhibited skin cancer cell growth by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and increased both early and late apoptotic cell populations without affecting normal cells. Furthermore, we observed mitochondrial transmembrane depolarization, increased cytochrome-c release, caspase-3 and caspase-7 activation, and increased poly ADP-ribose polymerase degradation. CGE also downregulated activation of p-AKT, p-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and p-BAD in a time-dependent manner. LY294002 inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) significantly sensitized skin cancer cells, which led to an increase in CGE-induced apoptosis. Conclusions CGE controlled skin cancer cell growth by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway and activating the effector caspases. This study is the first to demonstrate anti-cancer properties for CGE, and that CGE may be an effective therapeutic agent for treating skin cancer.
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Zheng J, Piao MJ, Keum YS, Kim HS, Hyun JW. Fucoxanthin Protects Cultured Human Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress by Blocking Free Radicals and Inhibiting Apoptosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 21:270-6. [PMID: 24244811 PMCID: PMC3819899 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is an important carotenoid derived from edible brown seaweeds and is used in indigenous herbal medicines. The aim of the present study was to examine the cytoprotective effects of fucoxanthin against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage. Fucoxanthin decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, as assessed by fluorescence spectrometry performed after staining cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofl uorescein diacetate. In addition, electron spin resonance spectrometry showed that fucoxanthin scavenged hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction in a cell-free system. Fucoxanthin also inhibited comet tail formation and phospho-histone H2A.X expression, suggesting that it prevents hydrogen peroxideinduced cellular DNA damage. Furthermore, the compound reduced the number of apoptotic bodies stained with Hoechst 33342, indicating that it protected keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death. Finally, fucoxanthin prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These protective actions were accompanied by the down-regulation of apoptosispromoting mediators (i.e., B-cell lymphoma-2-associated x protein, caspase-9, and caspase-3) and the up-regulation of an apoptosis inhibitor (B-cell lymphoma-2). Taken together, the results of this study suggest that fucoxanthin defends keratinocytes against oxidative damage by scavenging ROS and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- School of Medicine and Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756
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22
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Gupta A, Avci P, Dai T, Huang YY, Hamblin MR. Ultraviolet Radiation in Wound Care: Sterilization and Stimulation. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013; 2:422-437. [PMID: 24527357 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2012.0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Wound care is an important area of medicine considering the increasing age of the population who may have diverse comorbidities. Light-based technology comprises a varied set of modalities of increasing relevance to wound care. While low-level laser (or light) therapy and photodynamic therapy both have wide applications in wound care, this review will concentrate on the use of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. RECENT ADVANCES UVC (200-280 nm) is highly antimicrobial and can be directly applied to acute wound infections to kill pathogens without unacceptable damage to host tissue. UVC is already widely applied for sterilization of inanimate objects. UVB (280-315 nm) has been directly applied to the wounded tissue to stimulate wound healing, and has been widely used as extracorporeal UV radiation of blood to stimulate the immune system. UVA (315-400 nm) has distinct effects on cell signaling, but has not yet been widely applied to wound care. CRITICAL ISSUES Penetration of UV light into tissue is limited and optical technology may be employed to extend this limit. UVC and UVB can damage DNA in host cells and this risk must be balanced against beneficial effects. Chronic exposure to UV can be carcinogenic and this must be considered in planning treatments. FUTURE DIRECTIONS New high-technology UV sources, such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, and microwave-generated UV plasma are becoming available for biomedical applications. Further study of cellular signaling that occurs after UV exposure of tissue will allow the benefits in wound healing to be better defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asheesh Gupta
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Defense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
| | - Pinar Avci
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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CacyBP/SIP enhances multidrug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells by regulation of P-gp and Bcl-2. Apoptosis 2013; 18:861-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hartman ML, Czyz M. Anti-apoptotic proteins on guard of melanoma cell survival. Cancer Lett 2013; 331:24-34. [PMID: 23340174 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in sustaining proper tissue development and homeostasis. Evading apoptosis by cancer cells is a part of their adaption to microenvironment and therapies. Cellular integrity is predominantly maintained by pro-survival members of Bcl-2 family and IAPs. Melanoma cells are characterized by a labile and stage-dependent phenotype. Pro-survival molecules can protect melanoma cells from apoptosis and mediate other processes, thus enhancing aggressive phenotype. The essential role of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-X(L), livin, survivin and XIAP was implicated for melanoma, often in a tumor stage-dependent fashion. In this review, the current knowledge of pro-survival machinery in melanoma is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz L Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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