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Lu B, Qian JM, Li JN. The metabolic syndrome and its components as prognostic factors in colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:187-196. [PMID: 36287138 PMCID: PMC10100176 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the impact of MetS on CRC prognosis remains controversial after the diagnosis of CRC has been established. This study aimed to explore the impact of the individual components and synergies of MetS on the prognosis of patients with CRC. METHODS We searched articles published before August 3, 2022, in four databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. The random-effects model inverse variance method was used to estimate the summarized effect size. RESULTS Patients with CRC with MetS were 1.342 times more likely to experience all-cause mortality than those without MetS, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) of hazard ratio (HR) was 1.107-1.627 (P = 0.003). CRC-specific mortality in patients with CRC with MetS was 2.122 times higher than in those without MetS, and the 95% CI of HR was 1.080-4.173 (P = 0.029). CRC-specific mortality exhibited an increasing trend of risk with increased metabolic risk factors. The HR of CRC-specific mortality for one, two, and three metabolic risk factors was 1.206 (95% CI, 1.034-1.407; P = 0.017), 1.881 (95% CI, 1.253-2.824; P = 0.002), and 2.327 (95% CI, 1.262-4.291; P = 0.007), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome increased all-cause and CRC-specific mortality in patients with CRC. As a single component of MetS, diabetes mellitus increased overall mortality in patients with CRC, while obesity increased CRC-specific mortality in patients with CRC, with a significant difference from non-MetS. Moreover, the risk of CRC-specific mortality increased with increasing number of metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Ming Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Nan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cheng Y, Han J, Li Q, Shi Y, Zhong F, Wu Y, Wang Z, Yuan Z, Fan X, Zhao J. Metabolic obesity phenotypes: a friend or foe of digestive polyps?-An observational study based on National Inpatient Database. Metabolism 2022; 132:155201. [PMID: 35427603 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with an increased risk of digestive polyps, whereas all obesity are not created equally. The role of metabolic states in occurrence risks of polyps among individuals with varying degrees of obesity remains unknown. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic obesity phenotypes and the occurrence of digestive polyps. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from 9,278,949 patients between 2016 and 2018 from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, a nationally representative database of all discharges from US health-care hospitals, were analyzed. According to obesity phenotype, the study population was classified into four groups: metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). We calculated the incidence rates of various digestive polyps (stomach/duodenum, colon and rectum polyps) among these participants by searching the hospital records for ICD-10 diagnosis codes indicating each gastric, duodenum, colon or rectal polyps. The multiple stepwise regression analysis and further in-depth subgroup analysis were used to determine the associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and the occurrence of digestive polyps. RESULTS In the total or female population, those with the MUNO and MUO phenotypes had significantly higher prevalence of digestive polyps compared with individuals with the MHNO or MHO phenotypes (all p < 0.05) and a significant difference was not found between MUNO and MUO phenotypes (p > 0.05). Obese subjects seem to be more likely to develop stomach and duodenum polyps or colon polyps than non-obese subjects in metabolically healthy people of males (MHO vs. MHNO, p < 0.05), whereas obesity status seems to have little effect on the occurrence of digestive polyps in metabolically healthy people of females (MHO vs. MHNO, p>0.05). After adjusting for the potential confounders, the MHO, MUNO and MUO phenotypes were all risk factors for stomach and duodenum polyps (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.36-1.58, p< 0.01; OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14-1.25, p< 0.01; OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.35-1.55, p< 0.01, respectively) or colon polyps (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.21-1.35, p< 0.01; OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.14-1.22, p< 0.01; OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.38-1.54, p< 0.01, respectively) compared with the MHNO phenotype,especially in menopausal female. Interestingly, we also observed in further in-depth subgroup analysis that metabolic abnormalities may have a greater impact on the occurrence of digestive polyps than obesity (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both metabolic abnormities and obesity were associated with a higher risk of digestive polyps. The effect of metabolism on digestive polyp occurrence may be stronger than that of obesity, highlighting the importance of abnormal metabolic status modification regardless of obesity status. Clinical intervention should not only focus on obesity, but also on metabolic abnormalities to decrease digestive polyp risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Junming Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Qihang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yingzhou Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Fang Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Cariello M, Piccinin E, Pasculli E, Arconzo M, Zerlotin R, D'Amore S, Mastropasqua F, Peres C, Graziano G, Villani G, Pesole G, Moschetta A. Platelets from patients with visceral obesity promote colon cancer growth. Commun Biol 2022; 5:553. [PMID: 35672444 PMCID: PMC9174292 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies highlighted the importance of platelets in the tumor microenvironment due to their ability to interact with other cell types such as leukocytes, endothelial, stromal and cancer cells. Platelets can influence tumor development and metastasis formation through several processes consisting of the secretion of growth factors and cytokines and/or via direct interaction with cancer cells and endothelium. Patients with visceral obesity (VO) are susceptible to pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory states and to development of cancer, especially colon cancer. These findings provide us with the impetus to analyze the role of platelets isolated from VO patients in tumor growth and progression with the aim to explore a possible link between platelet activation, obesity and colon cancer. Here, using xenograft colon cancer models, we prove that platelets from patients with visceral obesity are able to strongly promote colon cancer growth. Then, sequencing platelet miRNome, we identify miR-19a as the highest expressed miRNA in obese subjects and prove that miR-19a is induced in colon cancer. Last, administration of miR-19a per se in the xenograft colon cancer model is able to promote colon cancer growth. We thus elect platelets with their specific miRNA abundance as important factors in the tumor promoting microenvironment of patients with visceral obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Cariello
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,INBB, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Piccinin
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pasculli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Arconzo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zerlotin
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona D'Amore
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Francesca Mastropasqua
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Psychiatry Research, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Peres
- INBB, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusi Graziano
- INBB, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Villani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Graziano Pesole
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Bari, Italy. .,INBB, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Jun H, Lee J, Lee HA, Kim SE, Shim KN, Jung HK, Jung SA, Moon CM. Fasting Blood Glucose Variability and Unfavorable Trajectory Patterns Are Associated with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Gut Liver 2021; 16:423-432. [PMID: 34593671 PMCID: PMC9099386 DOI: 10.5009/gnl210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) variability and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains ill-defined. This study aimed to evaluate the association of FBG variability with CRC risk in the healthy population without overt diabetes. Methods In the data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, we included individuals examined by FBG testing at least 3 times between 2002 and 2007. FBG variability was calculated using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV). Results Regarding FBG variability, an increase in the quintile of SD or CV was independently associated with CRC risk (all p for trend <0.01). When the change in FBG was classified into six trajectory patterns, unfavorable trajectory patterns (high stable and upward) were significantly associated with increased CRC risk (hazard ratio [HR] 2.30, p=0.003; HR 1.19, p=0.007, respectively). In subgroup analyses according to the sex, a significant association between FBG variability (SD or CV) and CRC risk was observed in men but not in women. The high stable and upward pattern were also associated with CRC risk in men (HR 2.47, p=0.002; HR 1.21, p=0.012) but not in women. Conclusions This study identified that FBG variability and unfavorable trajectory patterns were significantly associated with increased CRC risk in the healthy population without overt diabetes. Our findings suggest that FBG variability as well as FBG itself may be a predictive factor for the development of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoju Jun
- Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ah Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Ki-Nam Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Chang Mo Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Inflammation-Cancer Microenvironment Research Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Takahashi M, Hamoya T, Narita T, Fujii G, Totsuka Y, Hagio M, Tashiro K, Komiya M, Mutoh M. Complex Modulating Effects of Dietary Calcium Intake on Obese Mice. In Vivo 2021; 35:2107-2114. [PMID: 34182486 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Οverweight and obesity are risk factors for chronic diseases. Dietary calcium has been reported to exert anti-obesity effects. However, the complex modulating effects of calcium intake on obese mice have not been clarified. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of calcium intake on body weight/visceral fat mass were examined in the obese mouse model, KK-Ay Results: Body weight gain decreased in mice fed a diet containing 0.4 to 3.2% calcium at the age of 11 and 13 weeks, but not at 12 weeks after normalization for food intake. Calcium intake also decreased serum insulin levels and increased the amount of feces excreted. Fecal deoxycholate levels were lower in the high-calcium group than in the normal diet control group. Furthermore, the ratio of the deoxycholate-producing microbiome in feces decreased. CONCLUSION Dietary calcium has anti-obesity effects in obese KK-Ay mice. Inhibition of insulin production and an increased amount of feces excreted with calcium intake may affect body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Takahashi
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hamoya
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Narita
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gen Fujii
- Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Department of Animal Experimentation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Hagio
- Chemistry Division, Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chigasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushuu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masami Komiya
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan; .,Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Feng W, Guo H, Gong H, Xue T, Wang X, Tang C, Xu Y, Dai C, Bao Y, Zhang T, Cui G. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of colorectal cancer risk of hyperglycemia in humans. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:602-619. [PMID: 34012653 PMCID: PMC8107623 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have found that hyperglycemia, is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), increasing colon cancer incidence and affecting the recurrence, metastasis, and prognosis in colon cancer patients. However, the intercorrelation between hyperglycemia and CRC risk is still unknown, In the present study, we sought to determine whether gene markers, which act in CRC with hyperglycemia, are silenced in CRC without hyperglycemia. METHODS In order to characterize the mechanism of functional genes associated with CRC with hyperglycemia, A total 24 CRC and matched controls were sequenced. Through bioinformatics analysis includes differential expression analysis, functional enrichment, new isoform prediction and alternative splicing event identification to found biomarker genes related to CRC development. RESULTS CRC patients with hyperglycemia were compared with patients without hyperglycemia, and we found that 21 genes were upregulated and 27 were downregulated. Further study showed that these genes are possibly of key genes involved in CRC development with hyperglycemia, such as mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease 3 (MASP3), which has an immunological role in the activation of the complement system. Based on our comprehensive analysis, a cis-regulatory network for hyperglycemic CRC was reconstructed. CONCLUSIONS Protein-protein interactions revealed the mechanisms of molecules involved in the interaction of hyperglycemia and cancer development. Our results provide further information on the metabolic pathway interaction with cancer pathways and elucidated the mechanisms of hyperglycemic factors function in cancer development from a transcriptomic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Feng
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Huihui Guo
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Xu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Chuang Dai
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ying Bao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Nursing Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Ge Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
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7
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Lu Y, Zhang W, Fan S, Liang Z, Li Z, Tian J, Kang J, Song Y, Liu K, Zhou K, Wang X, Yang Y, Liu X. Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study From Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare-Linked Database. Front Oncol 2021; 10:613366. [PMID: 33552985 PMCID: PMC7859618 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.613366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are associated with increased risks of several cancers. However, the relationship between MetS and upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has never been investigated before. Methods We identified 3,785 UTUC cases aged over 65 years old within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare database between 2007 and 2016. For comparison, non-cancer controls (n = 189,953) were selected from the 5% random sample of individuals residing within regions of SEER registries and matched with cases through diagnosis date and pseudo-diagnosis date. MetS and its components were all defined by using ICD-9-CM codes. Multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Time trends for MetS and its components were reported and we also performed dose-response effect analysis to test the concomitant effect of these components. The study was presented following the STROBE reporting checklist. Results UTUC risk was associated with metabolic syndrome (NCEP-III: OR: 1.669, 95% CI: 1.550–1.792; IDF: OR: 1.924, 95% CI: 1.676–2.172) and its component factors: elevated waist circumference/central adiposity (OR: 1.872, 95% CI: 1.693–2.055), impaired fasting glucose (OR: 1.306, 95% CI: 1.133–1.480), high blood pressure (OR: 1.295, 95% CI: 1.239–1.353), high triglycerides (OR: 1.280, 95% CI: 1.222–1.341), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR: 1.354, 95% CI: 1.118–1.592). Consistent associations could also be observed in the subgroup analyses by tumor stages, grades, and tumor size. Additionally, the rates of MetS increased over time in both UTUC and control cohort (NCEP-III criterion; EAPC: +18.1%, P <0.001; EAPC: +16.1%, P <0.001, respectively). A significantly gradual increase in UTUC rates could be seen as the No. of the MetS components increase (χ² = 37.239, Ptrend = 0.000). Conclusions Among people aged over 65, MetS and its components were significant risk factors for UTUC with consistent associations in different tumor stages, grades, and tumor size. Even if a subject who did not meet the criteria for MetS had only one of the components, he (she) still had an elevated risk for UTUC. Strategies to control the epidemic of MetS and its components might contribute to a reduction in the UTUC burden. The findings should be considered tentative until ascertained by more researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shujun Fan
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongjia Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Kang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kechong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjiao Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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8
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Feng Q, Xu L, Li L, Qiu J, Huang Z, Jiang Y, Wen T, Lu S, Meng F, Shu X. Risk of Death in Colorectal Cancer Patients with Multi-morbidities of Metabolic Syndrome: A Retrospective Multicohort Analysis. Cancer Res Treat 2020; 53:714-723. [PMID: 33285055 PMCID: PMC8291199 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The prevalence of multi-morbidities with colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be increasing. Particularly prognosis of CRC patients co-diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) was largely unknown. We aimed to examine the death risk of CRC patients according to the multiple MetSyn morbidities. Materials and Methods We identified CRC patients with MetSyn from the electronic medical records (EMR) systems in five independent hospitals during 2006–2011. Information on deaths was jointly retrieved from EMR, cause of death registry and chronic disease surveillance as well as study-specific questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the overall and CRC-specific hazards ratios (HR) comparing MetSyn CRC cohort with reference CRC cohort. Results A total of 682 CRC patients in MetSyn CRC cohort were identified from 24 months before CRC diagnosis to 1 month after. During a median follow-up of 92 months, we totally observed 584 deaths from CRC, 245 being in MetSyn cohort and 339 in reference cohort. Overall, MetSyn CRC cohort had an elevated risk of CRC-specific mortality (HR, 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.90) and overall mortality (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.84) compared to reference cohort after multiple adjustment. Stratified analyses showed higher mortality risk among women (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.27) and specific components of MetSyn. Notably, the number of MetSyn components was observed to be significantly related to CRC prognosis. Conclusion Our findings supported that multi-morbidities of MetSyn associated with elevated death risk after CRC. MetSyn should be considered as an integrated medical condition more than its components in CRC prognostic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingting Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lingkai Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junlan Qiu
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, the Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, China
| | - Tao Wen
- Medical Research Centre, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital/Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Meng
- Centre of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Shu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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9
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Xie C, Wen P, Su J, Li Q, Ren Y, Liu Y, Shen R, Ren J. Elevated serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol promotes the formation of colorectal polyps. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:195. [PMID: 31752704 PMCID: PMC6873463 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperlipidaemia may be a potential risk factor for the occurrence of intestinal polyps. This study aimed to evaluate correlation between lipidaemia and the formation of colorectal polyps. METHODS One hundred and fourteen patients with colorectal polyps and forty-eight healthy controls were included in this study. Colonoscopies were performed for all patients and controls within 1 week before blood samples were taken. The concentrations of serum lipids and lipoproteins were measured simultaneously using an automatic biochemical analyser. The colorectal lesions were classified based on pathological characteristics, and four types were identified in the study: hyperplastic polyp (HP), tubular adenoma (TA), tubulovillous adenoma (TVA) and adenoma with high-grade dysplasia (A-HGD). Advanced adenoma was classified according to the number, size and histological type of polyps. RESULTS The value of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly higher in the group with advanced adenoma than in the controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, the LDL-C values in the HP and TA groups were higher when compared to that of controls (p < 0.05). Obesity, age, and increased TG and LDL-C were independent risk factors for the formation of colorectal polyps. The cut-off values of triglyceride (TG) and LDL-C to distinguish polyp patients from healthy controls were 0.96 mmol/L (AUC = 0.604, p = 0.036) and 3.05 mmol/L (AUC = 0.654, p = 0.002). The combined use of increased LDL-C and TG levels to distinguish polyp patients was effective, with a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 89.6% (AUC = 0.733, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Colorectal polyps are more often found in obese and older patients. Increased LDL-C and TG were correlated with the occurrence of polyps. Combination of the two serum indicators was useful to assess risk of colorectal lesions, maybe more effective in screening hyperplastic polyp, tubular adenoma and advanced adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pingwu Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meizhou Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province 514000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingling Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yandan Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Renze Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
- Renze Shen, Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361000 People’s Republic of China
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Asgharzadeh F, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Khazaei M, Hasanzadeh M. The Therapeutic Potential of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme and Angiotensin Receptor Inhibitors in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: Rational Strategies and Recent Progress. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:4652-4658. [PMID: 30636592 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190111145140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the world. There is a document that angiotensin (AT) which is found to be involved in the progression of CRC. Furthermore, Angiotensin receptor inhibitors (ARIs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-Is) demonstrate activity in CRC by their inhibition of both Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and therefore present a potentially novel therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer, which have summarized in the current review. Preclinical studies have illustrated the direct effect of major active mediator angiotensin II (ATII) on the promotion of angiogenesis through VEGF and other proliferative mediators. Suppression of the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) via ACE-Is has shown a reduction in the development of solid tumor and metastasis, particularly CRC incidence, polyp formation, and distant metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a family of small nucleotides without coding that plays an important role after transcribing hundreds to thousands of non-coding and coding gene. Against this background, the application of anti-hypertensive medications such as losartan might have a therapeutic impact, although further preclinical and clinical studies might provide novel insight into the potentially beneficial effect of ACE-Is in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, United Kingdom
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Xu H, Tan P, Zheng X, Ai J, Lin T, Jin X, Gong L, Lei H, Yang L, Wei Q. Metabolic syndrome and upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A retrospective analysis from a large Chinese cohort. Urol Oncol 2019; 37:291.e19-291.e28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Fang F, Li D, Zhao L, Li Y, Zhang T, Cui B. Expression of NR1H3 in endometrial carcinoma and its effect on the proliferation of Ishikawa cells in vitro. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:685-697. [PMID: 30705597 PMCID: PMC6343513 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s180534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Our study aimed to investigate the expression of NR1H3 in endometrial carcinoma, its effect on the proliferation of endometrial carcinoma cells in vitro, and the underlying mechanism of this effect. Materials and methods Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded, sectioned specimens and of a tissue microarray was conducted to estimate the expression of NR1H3 (liver X receptors α: LXRα) and NR1H2 (liver X receptors β: LXRβ) in endometrial carcinoma tissues. The subcellular localization of NR1H3 in the endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa was determined by immunofluorescence. An agonist of NR1H3, TO901317, was then administered to activate the expression of NR1H3, and cell viability and cell-cycle progression were investigated through MTT and flow cytometric assays, respectively. The gene and protein expression levels of NR1H3, cyclin D1 (CCND1), and cyclin E (CCNE) in cells pretreated with different concentrations of TO901317 for different periods of time were also detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results The results showed that, in contrast to NR1H2, which was expressed at low levels in endometrial tissues, NR1H3 was upregulated in endometrial adenocarcinoma tissues compared to levels in normal endometrial tissues and endometrial polyps. Moreover, NR1H3 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of Ishikawa cells. TO901317 significantly decreased cell viability and arrested the cell cycle in Ishikawa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the administration of TO901317 not only promoted the expression of NR1H3 but also inhibited the expression of CCND1 and CCNE in Ishikawa cells. Conclusion We demonstrated that NR1H3 is upregulated in endometrial adenocarcinoma and that it inhibits cell viability by inhibiting the expression of CCND1 and CCNE in endometrial carcinoma cells. Our study indicates that NR1H3 may play a role in the development of endometrial cancer and may emerge as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China, .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Baoxia Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
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13
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Hyperuricaemic UrahPlt2/Plt2 mice show altered T cell proliferation and defective tumor immunity after local immunotherapy with Poly I:C. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206827. [PMID: 30383838 PMCID: PMC6211752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricaemia is associated with various metabolic dysfunctions including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and in general metabolic syndrome, which are all associated with increased risk of cancer. However, the direct association between elevated uricemia and cancer mortality still remains unclear. In this study, we used a mouse model of hyperuricemia, the Urahplt2/plt2 (PLT2) mouse, to investigate the effect of high uric acid levels on anti-tumor immune responses and tumor growth. In normo-uricaemic C57BL/6 mice injected with B16 melanomas, immunotherapy by treatment with Poly I:C at the tumor site delayed tumor growth compared to PBS treatment. In contrast, Poly I:C-treated hyper-uricaemic PLT2 mice were unable to delay tumor growth. Conventional and monocyte-derived dendritic cells in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (dLN) of C57BL/6 and PLT2 mice were similarly increased after Poly I:C immunotherapy, and expressed high levels of CD40 and CD86. CD8+ T cells in the tumor-dLN and tumor of both WT and PLT2 mice were also increased after Poly I:C immunotherapy, and were able to secrete increased IFNγ upon in vitro restimulation. Surprisingly, tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in dLN were less abundant in PLT2 mice compared to C57BL/6, but showed a greater ability to proliferate even in the absence of cognate antigen. These data suggest that hyperuricaemia may affect the functionality of CD8+ T cells in vivo, leading to dysregulated T cell proliferation and impaired anti-tumor activity.
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14
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Inhibitory effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related tumorigenesis in rat colon. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33972-33981. [PMID: 30338039 PMCID: PMC6188053 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in the colorectum increases the risk of colorectal cancer development. Pentoxifylline, a medicine used for improving the circulation, has been reported to inhibit TNF-α production and to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this study, we investigated the effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related colon tumorigenesis in a rodent model using Kyoto APC delta rats, which have APC mutation and are susceptible to colon carcinogenesis. Male Kyoto APC delta rats were treated with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate, and were subsequently administered water, with or without pentoxifylline. At the end of the experiment, the development of colorectal tumor was significantly inhibited in the pentoxifylline group. The pentoxifylline treatment also lowered the levels of oxidative stress markers and mRNAs of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, in the colon mucosa. The PCNA labeling index and the inflammation score were also decreased in the colon of rats in the pentoxifylline -treated group. We also used an endoscopy to observe the tumor progression and inflammation in the colon of rats, revealing that inflammation grade was significantly lower in pentoxifylline-treated group at several points during the experiment. These findings suggest that pentoxifylline treatment might be useful for chemoprevention of inflammation-related colon cancer.
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15
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Liu B, Cheng B, Wang C, Chen P, Cheng Y. The prognostic significance of metabolic syndrome and weight loss in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10101. [PMID: 29973636 PMCID: PMC6031687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome and postoperative survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and evaluate whether metabolic syndrome can predict the prognosis in esophageal cancer patients. The retrospective study reviewed 519 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who had received esophagetomy and lymphnode dissections in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between January 2007 and December 2011. All patients were followed up until December 2016. The median follow-up time was 39.59 months (range 0.25–72 months). The 3-year and 5-year survival rate was 51.4% and 37.0%, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed a significant correlation between OS and obesity (P = 0.000), weight loss (P = 0.000), diabetes (P = 0.001) and dyslipidemia (P = 0.030). Multivariate analysis indicated that advanced TNM staging (P = 0.007, HR: 1.760, 95% CI: 1.167–2.654) and more weight loss (P = 0.000, HR: 1.961, 95% CI: 1.697–2.267) were independent factors for adverse prognosis of esophageal squamous carcinoma patients. In contrast, diabetes was a protective factor in the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer (P = 0.018, HR: 0.668, 95% CI: 0.478–0.933). Our findings suggest that TNM staging, weight changes and diabetes were independent predictors for the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Cancer Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Pengxiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
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16
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Meng G, Li H, Li Y, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Xia Y, Bao X, Gu Y, Su Q, Fang L, Yang H, Yu F, Shi H, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Chang H, Wu Y, Niu K. Sex-Specific Associations Between Complement Component 3 and Component 4 Levels and Metabolic Syndrome in an Adult Population. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:143-149. [PMID: 29596043 DOI: 10.1089/met.2017.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in the same individual. Inflammation has been reported to be directly involved in the development of metabolic disease. Complement component 3 (C3) and complement component 4 (C4) have been identified as important inflammatory markers relevant to metabolic disease. However, few studies have analyzed the association between C3 and/or C4 and MetS. In this study, our aim is to evaluate sex-specific association between C3 and C4 levels and risk of MetS in an adult population. METHODS A cohort of 4635 adults was followed from 2010 to 2016. Serum C3 and C4 levels were measured using an immunonephelometric technique. MetS was defined by the American Heart Association scientific statements of 2009. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess sex-specific association between C3 and C4 levels and the incidence of MetS. RESULTS During the ∼6 years of follow-up, 1445 new cases of MetS were identified. After being adjusted to confounding factors, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of MetS for gradually increasing quintiles of C3 were 1.00, 1.23 (0.98-1.54), 1.50 (1.21-1.87), 1.64 (1.32-2.04), and 1.75 (1.41-2.18) (P for trend <0.0001) in men and 1.00, 0.96 (0.60-1.53), 1.61 (1.06-2.44), 2.01 (1.34-3.03), and 2.43 (1.63-3.63) (P for trend <0.0001) in women, respectively. Similar results were also obtained for gradually increasing quintiles of C4 in women, but not in men. CONCLUSIONS The levels of C3 were significantly associated with the incidence of MetS in both men and women. The levels of C4 contributed to risk of MetS only in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Meng
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Huihui Li
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Yajun Li
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xia
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Bao
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Su
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Liyun Fang
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Huijun Yang
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yu
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- 2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Chang
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Yuntang Wu
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- 1 Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China .,2 Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital , Tianjin, China
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18
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Bile acids and colon cancer: Is FXR the solution of the conundrum? Mol Aspects Med 2017; 56:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Zhao M, Liao D, Zhao J. Diabetes-induced mechanophysiological changes in the small intestine and colon. World J Diabetes 2017; 8:249-269. [PMID: 28694926 PMCID: PMC5483424 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i6.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The disorders of gastrointestinal (GI) tract including intestine and colon are common in the patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM induced intestinal and colonic structural and biomechanical remodeling in animals and humans. The remodeling is closely related to motor-sensory abnormalities of the intestine and colon which are associated with the symptoms frequently encountered in patients with DM such as diarrhea and constipation. In this review, firstly we review DM-induced histomorphological and biomechanical remodeling of intestine and colon. Secondly we review motor-sensory dysfunction and how they relate to intestinal and colonic abnormalities. Finally the clinical consequences of DM-induced changes in the intestine and colon including diarrhea, constipation, gut microbiota change and colon cancer are discussed. The final goal is to increase the understanding of DM-induced changes in the gut and the subsequent clinical consequences in order to provide the clinicians with a better understanding of the GI disorders in diabetic patients and facilitates treatments tailored to these patients.
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20
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You J, Zhang H, Shen Y, Chen C, Liu W, Zheng M, Van Poucke S, Guo G, Huang Z. Impact of platelet to lymphocyte ratio and metabolic syndrome on the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2199-2208. [PMID: 28458563 PMCID: PMC5403005 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s132621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of both platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Patients and methods We retrospectively enrolled 1,163 CRC patients. Preoperative values of PLR were stratified into three groups according to cut-off values of 120 and 220. The Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to calculate cumulative survival rate related to PLR and MetS. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze potential risk factors and the prognosis associated with PLR and MetS in CRC patients. Results PLR was significantly higher in the MetS(+) group as compared to MetS(−) group (P=0.039). An elevated PLR was significantly associated with mortality (P=0.014), but not the existence of MetS (P=0.235). In multivariate regression analysis, PLR was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) (P=0.046). For the subgroup with a PLR >220, MetS was an independent predictor for both OS and disease-free survival (P=0.039 and P=0.047, respectively) by multivariate analysis adjusting for confounding covariates. In addition, the presence of MetS was associated with a 2-fold increased risk of mortality and tumor recurrences (hazard ratio [HR] =2.0 and HR =1.9, P<0.05, respectively). Conclusion Preoperative PLR was associated with MetS in CRC patients. Testing for the combined presence of PLR and MetS could potentially improve the predictive accuracy of CRC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie You
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou.,Department of Oncological Surgery
| | | | | | | | | | - Minghua Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sven Van Poucke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | | | - Zonghai Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
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Preventive Effects of Pentoxifylline on the Development of Colonic Premalignant Lesions in Obese and Diabetic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020413. [PMID: 28212276 PMCID: PMC5343947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its related metabolic abnormalities, including enhanced oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, are closely related to colorectal tumorigenesis. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative, has been reported to suppress the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and possess anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the effects of PTX on the development of carcinogen-induced colorectal premalignant lesions in obese and diabetic mice. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice, which are severely obese and diabetic, were administered weekly subcutaneous injections of the colonic carcinogen azoxymethane (15 mg/kg body weight) for four weeks and then received drinking water containing 125 or 500 ppm PTX for eight weeks. At the time of sacrifice, PTX administration markedly suppressed the development of premalignant lesions in the colorectum. The levels of oxidative stress markers were significantly decreased in the PTX-treated group compared with those in the untreated control group. In PTX-administered mice, the mRNA expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, interleukin (IL)-6, and TNF-α, and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells in the colonic mucosa, were significantly reduced. These observations suggest that PTX attenuated chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, and prevented the development of colonic tumorigenesis in an obesity-related colon cancer model.
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Peng F, Hu D, Lin X, Chen G, Liang B, Zhang H, Ji K, Huang J, Lin J, Zheng X, Niu W. Preoperative metabolic syndrome and prognosis after radical resection for colorectal cancer: The Fujian prospective investigation of cancer (FIESTA) study. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:2705-2713. [PMID: 27560834 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This prospective study sought to investigate the prediction of preoperative metabolic syndrome and its components for the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality by analyzing a subset of data from the ongoing Fujian prospective investigation of cancer (FIESTA) study. In total, 1,318 CRC patients who received radical resection were consecutively enrolled between January 2000 and December 2008. The median follow-up time was 58.6 months, with 412 deaths from CRC. The CRC patients with metabolic syndrome had significantly shorter median survival time (MST) than those without (50.9 vs. 170.3 months, p < 0.001). Among four components of metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia was the strongest predictor and its presence was associated with shorter MST than its absence (44.4 vs. 170.3 months, p < 0.001). Moreover, the complication of metabolic syndrome in CRC patients was associated with a 2.98-fold increased risk of CRC mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.40-3.69, p < 0.001) after adjusting for confounding factors. The magnitude of this association was especially potentiated in CRC patients with tumor-node-metastasis stage I/II (HR = 3.94, 95% CI: 2.65-5.85, p < 0.001), invasion depth T1/T2 (HR = 5.41, 95% CI: 2.54-11.50, p < 0.001), regional lymph node metastasis N0 (HR = 4.06, 95% CI: 2.85-5.80, p < 0.001) and negative distant metastasis (HR = 3.23, 95% CI: 2.53-4.12, p < 0.001). Further survival tree analysis reinforced the prognostic capability of fasting blood glucose in CRC survival. Our findings convincingly demonstrated that preoperative metabolic syndrome, especially hyperglycemia, was a robust predictor for CRC mortality, and the protection was more obvious in patients with Stage I/II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiandong Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Binying Liang
- Medical-Record Department, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hejun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kaida Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxiu Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiongwei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenquan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Broderstad AR, Melhus M. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus in Sami and Norwegian populations. The SAMINOR-a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e009474. [PMID: 27105711 PMCID: PMC4853968 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is recognised as a reliable long-term predictor of adverse health outcomes. Elevated prevalence rates of MetS and chronic lifestyle diseases have been documented in different indigenous groups. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and diabetes mellitus in relation to ethnicity in Northern Norway. In addition, we discussed different cut-off values for waist circumference (WC) and what impact this has on the prevalence of MetS. MATERIALS AND METHODS SAMINOR is a population-based study of health and living conditions in areas home to Sami and non-Sami populations. The survey was carried out in 2003-2004. All eligible residents in specific age groups were invited. In total, 16,538 males and females aged 36-79 years participated and gave informed consent for medical research. RESULTS This study involved a total of 7822 female and 7290 male participants. Sami affiliation was reported by 5141 participants (34%). The prevalence of MetS was high in both ethnic groups independent of which WC cut-off value was used. No ethnic differences in prevalence of diabetes mellitus were demonstrated. However, ethnicity appeared to affect diabetes treatment, which was more prevalent among Sami than non-Sami women. CONCLUSIONS In this study, there was no ethnic difference in diabetes prevalence, but ethnicity appeared to affect diabetes treatment. Tablet treatment was more commonly in use among Sami women than among non-Sami women. We demonstrated a high share of negative metabolic components. These metabolic components have important health implications. Therefore, determining preventive initiatives is important in the primary and specialist healthcare system. These initiatives must be made culture and linguistic specific, in order to reduce differences and improve health status in the whole population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Ragnhild Broderstad
- Centre for Sami Health Research, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Medical Department, University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad, Norway
| | - Marita Melhus
- Centre for Sami Health Research, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Zhong HJ, Wu LH, Chen Y, Chen MH, He XX. Metabolic syndrome is associated with more serious small intestinal mucosal injury. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1754-1759. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i11.1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and small intestinal mucosal injury.
METHODS: Medical data of inpatients who underwent capsule endoscopy at Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from August 2011 to October 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Different types of mucosal injuries, Lewis score and degree of severity were compared between patients with metabolic syndrome and those without. The effect of different components of metabolic syndrome on small intestinal mucosal injury and the relation between insulin resistance and Lewis score were assessed.
RESULTS: Medical data of 179 patients could be used for analysis. Thirty-four patients with metabolic syndrome were included in a metabolic syndrome group, and 145 patients without metabolic syndrome were included in a control group. The prevalence of villous edema was significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group (70.6% vs 33.1%, χ2 = 16.10, P < 0.001), but the incidence of ulcers showed no significant difference (8.8% vs 4.8%, P = 0.404). In the metabolic syndrome group, Lewis score was also significantly higher (76.62 ± 81.55 vs 43.59 ± 86.96, t = -2.016, P < 0.001). The Lewis score of patients with hyperglycemia was 34.242 ± 17.263, which was higher than that of patients without hyperglycemia (t = 1.984, P = 0.048). A higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value was associated with a higher Lewis score (B = 8.173, t = 2.173, P = 0.032).
CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome may be a risk factor for small intestinal mucosal injury. Hyperglycemia may be the most effective component of metabolic syndrome for inducing small intestinal mucosal injury.
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Han GM, Soliman GA, Meza JL, Islam KMM, Watanabe-Galloway S. The influence of BMI on the association between serum lycopene and the metabolic syndrome. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1292-300. [PMID: 26857614 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obese individuals have an increased risk of developing the metabolic syndrome because of subsequent chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which the antioxidant nutrient lycopene can reduce. However, studies indicate that different BMI statuses can alter the positive effects of lycopene. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how BMI influences the association between serum lycopene and the metabolic syndrome. The tertile rank method was used to divide 13 196 participants, aged 20 years and older, into three groups according to serum concentrations of lycopene. The associations between serum lycopene and the metabolic syndrome were analysed separately for normal-weight, overweight and obese participants. Overall, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the first tertile group (OR 38·6%; 95% CI 36·9, 40·3) compared with the second tertile group (OR 29·3%; 95% CI 27·5, 31·1) and the third tertile group (OR 26·6%; 95% CI 24·9, 28·3). However, the associations between lycopene and the metabolic syndrome were only significant for normal-weight and overweight participants (P0·05), even after adjusting for possible confounding variables. In conclusion, BMI appears to strongly influence the association between serum lycopene and the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ming Han
- 1Department of Epidemiology,College of Public Health,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE 68198USA
| | - Ghada A Soliman
- 2Department of Health Promotion,Social & Behavioral Health,College of Public Health,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE 68198,USA
| | - Jane L Meza
- 3Department of Biostatistics,College of Public Health,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE 68198,USA
| | - K M Monirul Islam
- 1Department of Epidemiology,College of Public Health,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE 68198USA
| | - Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway
- 1Department of Epidemiology,College of Public Health,University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha,NE 68198USA
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Hamoya T, Fujii G, Miyamoto S, Takahashi M, Totsuka Y, Wakabayashi K, Toshima J, Mutoh M. Effects of NSAIDs on the risk factors of colorectal cancer: a mini review. Genes Environ 2016; 38:6. [PMID: 27350826 PMCID: PMC4918106 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-016-0033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies has shown that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The function of NSAIDs and the molecular targets for chemopreventive effects on CRC have been extensively studied and their data were reported. However, the relation between NSAIDs and the risk factors of CRC have not been fully elucidated yet. Thus, relations between NSAIDs and the risk factors of CRC, such as overweight and obesity, alcohol, aging, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking, are summarized with our data and with recent reported data in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hamoya
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, , Katsusika-ku Tokyo, 125-8585 Japan
| | - Gen Fujii
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Shingo Miyamoto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Jiro Toshima
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, , Katsusika-ku Tokyo, 125-8585 Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ; Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan
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27
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Elevated serum complement factors 3 and 4 are strong inflammatory markers of the metabolic syndrome development: a longitudinal cohort study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18713. [PMID: 26726922 PMCID: PMC4698666 DOI: 10.1038/srep18713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological design, consisting of cross-sectional (n = 2376) and cohort (n = 976) studies, was adopted to investigate the association between complement factors 3 (C3) and 4, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. In the cross-sectional study, the C3 and C4 concentrations in the MetS group were higher than those in the non-MetS group (all P < 0.001), and the levels of immune globulin M (IgM), IgA, IgE, and IgG exhibited no significant differences between MetS and non-MetS (all P > 0.050). After multi-factor adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 concentrations were 7.047 (4.664, 10.648) and 1.961 (1.349, 2.849), respectively, both Ptrend < 0.050. After a 4 years follow-up, total 166 subjects were diagnosed with MetS, and the complement baseline levels from 2009 were used to predict the MetS risk in 2013. In the adjusted model, the relative risks (RRs) in the highest quartile of C3 and C4 levels were 4.779 (2.854, 8.003) and 2.590 (1.567, 4.280), respectively, both Ptrend < 0.001. Activation of complement factors may be an important part of inflammatory processes, and our results indicated that the elevated C3 and C4 levels were independent risk factors for MetS development.
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28
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Yoon IC, Cho JH, Choi H, Choi YH, Lim KM, Choi SH, Han JH, Jeong HJ, Lee HS. High levels of carcinoembryonic antigen and smoking might be markers of colorectal adenoma in Korean males aged 40-49 years. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2016. [DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2016.33.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- In Cheol Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Heejin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyu Min Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Hwa Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hong Sub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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29
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Shirakami Y, Sakai H, Kochi T, Seishima M, Shimizu M. Catechins and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:67-90. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Komiya M, Fujii G, Miyamoto S, Takahashi M, Ishigamori R, Onuma W, Ishino K, Totsuka Y, Fujimoto K, Mutoh M. Suppressive effects of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin on intestinal tumorigenesis in obese KK-A(y) and Apc mutant Min mice. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1499-505. [PMID: 26310859 PMCID: PMC4714685 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer. The accumulation of abdominal fat tissue causes abundant reactive oxygen species production through the activation of NADPH oxidase due to excessive insulin stimulation. The enzyme NADPH oxidase catalyzes the production of reactive oxygen species and evokes the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis. Apocynin is an NADPH oxidase inhibitor that blocks the formation of the NADPH oxidase complex (active form). In this study, we investigated the effects of apocynin on the development of azoxymethane‐induced colonic aberrant crypt foci in obese KK‐Ay mice and on the development of intestinal polyps in Apc mutant Min mice. Six‐week‐old KK‐Ay mice were injected with azoxymethane (200 μg/mouse once per week for 3 weeks) and given 250 mg/L apocynin or 500 mg/L apocynin in their drinking water for 7 weeks. Six‐week‐old Min mice were also treated with 500 mg/L apocynin for 6 weeks. Treatment with apocynin reduced the number of colorectal aberrant crypt foci in KK‐Ay mice by 21% and the number of intestinal polyps in Min mice by 40% compared with untreated mice. Both groups of mice tended to show improved oxidation of serum low‐density lipoprotein and 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine adducts in their adipose tissues. In addition, the inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels in polyp tissues decreased. Moreover, apocynin was shown to suppress nuclear factor‐κB transcriptional activity in vitro. These results suggest that apocynin and other NADPH oxidase inhibitors may be effective colorectal cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Komiya
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Fujii
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Miyamoto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Division of Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikako Ishigamori
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakana Onuma
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Japan
| | - Kousuke Ishino
- Division of Integrative Oncological Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujimoto
- Division of Molecular Biology, Nagasaki International University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Tang Q, Liu Z, Tang Y, Tan A, Gao Y, Lu Z, Wang Q, Chen Y, Wu C, Zhang H, Yang X, Mo Z. High serum ferritin level is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome in a Chinese male cohort population. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:11. [PMID: 25741386 PMCID: PMC4349689 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated serum ferritin levels have been reported to contribute to metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined the association of serum ferritin levels with the development of MetS in a representative sample of Chinese male adult population. METHOD The data came from the 2009-2013 Fangchenggang Area Males Health and Examination Survey (FAMHES). We combined a cross-sectional study of 2417 males and a longitudinal study of 857 males who participated in the FAMHES. RESULT The serum ferritin level of MetS was higher than that of nonMetS (median and percentiles 25-75: 447.4 (294.1-612.4) vs. 302.4 (215.0-435.8) ng/ml, p < 0.01). A positive correlation between ferritin concentrations and blood pressure (Systolic BP: R = 0.110, Diastolic BP: R = 0.158), waist circumference (R = 0.333), fasting glucose (R = 0.089), triglyceride (R = 0.315) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (R = 0.130) was significant (all p < 0.001). Compared with the level of ferritin in the group with no MetS component, the group with all five MetS components had a higher ferritin level (554.7 (340.1-606.4) vs. 274.2 (198.2-384.4) ng/ml). The odd radio (OR) was higher for MetS in the highest ferritin quartile (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.47-3.54) compared with the lowest ferritin quartile after adjustment for multi-factors. After 4-year follow up, 79 subjects newly diagnosed with MetS in 857 cohort male participants in 2013. Compared with the lowest ferritin quartile, the RR of the highest ferritin quartile was 2.55 (95% CI = 1.30-5.00) after multiple adjustments (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that the serum ferritin level is associated with the independent components of MetS, and elevated ferritin level is an independent risk factor for MetS development in the Chinese male population during the 4-year follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Zhenfang Liu
- />Hematology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Yan Tang
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Aihua Tan
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Department of Chemotherapy, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Yong Gao
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Zheng Lu
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Yingchun Chen
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Chunlei Wu
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- />Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Key Laboratory of Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
- />Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021 China
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Kochi T, Shimizu M, Sumi T, Kubota M, Shirakami Y, Tanaka T, Moriwaki H. Inhibitory effects of astaxanthin on azoxymethane-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions in C57/BL/KsJ-db/db mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:212. [PMID: 25515685 PMCID: PMC4273491 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-014-0212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and related metabolic abnormalities, including excess oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, are associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. Astaxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid found in aquatic animals, is known to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. The present study examined the effects of astaxanthin on the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic premalignant lesions in C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) obese mice. Method Male db/db mice were administered 4 weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (15 mg/kg body weight) from 5 weeks of age and subsequently, from 1 week after the last injection of AOM, were fed a diet containing 200 ppm astaxanthin throughout the experiment (8 weeks). Result The development of colonic premalignant lesions, i.e., aberrant crypt foci and β-catenin accumulated crypts, was significantly inhibited in mice treated with astaxanthin than in mice fed the basal diet. Astaxanthin administration markedly reduced urinary levels of 8-OHdG and serum levels of d-ROMs, which are oxidative stress markers, while increasing the expression of mRNA for the antioxidant enzymes GPx1, SOD1, and CAT in the colonic mucosa of AOM-treated db/db mice. The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, F4/80, CCL2, and CXCL2 mRNA in the colonic mucosa of AOM-treated mice were significantly decreased by astaxanthin. Dietary feeding with astaxanthin also resulted in a reduction in the numbers of NF-κB- and PCNA-positive cells that were increased by AOM exposure, in the colonic epithelium. Conclusion These findings suggest that astaxanthin inhibits the development of colonic premalignant lesions in an obesity-related colorectal carcinogenesis model by reducing oxidative stress, attenuating chronic inflammation, and inhibiting NF-κB activation and cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa. Astaxanthin, therefore, may be a potential candidate as a chemoprevention agent against colorectal carcinogenesis in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Sumi
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Hisataka Moriwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
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Terasaki M, Mutoh M, Fujii G, Takahashi M, Ishigamori R, Masuda S. Potential ability of xanthophylls to prevent obesity-associated cancer. World J Pharmacol 2014; 3:140-152. [DOI: 10.5497/wjp.v3.i4.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated cancers, including colon cancer and breast cancer, are increasing in Asian countries with Westernized lifestyles as exemplified by reduced physical activity and increased fat/sugar consumption. An excessive accumulation of visceral adipose tissue causes insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and adipocytokine imbalance, and these factors are suggested to be involved in cancer promotion. To prevent obesity-associated cancers, researcher attention is increasing on the so-called “functional foods”. In addition, new approaches to cancer control are in high demand, and using “functional foods” as supplemental or adjuvant agents in chemotherapy is thought to be a promising approach. One of these functional ingredients is xanthophylls, which are natural fat-soluble pigments found in fruits, vegetables, algae and other plants. Xanthophylls belong to the carotenoid class and have structures containing oxygen. Some studies have revealed that xanthophylls improve the inflammation status, serum triglyceride levels, blood pressure levels and liver function test values. Furthermore, recent studies show that xanthophylls possess high anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-oxidant properties. In this review, we highlight the recent findings for five xanthophylls, namely astaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, fucoxanthin, neoxanthin and zeaxanthin/lutein, and their relevance to cancer prevention.
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Vargas T, Moreno-Rubio J, Herranz J, Cejas P, Molina S, González-Vallinas M, Ramos R, Burgos E, Aguayo C, Custodio AB, Reglero G, Feliu J, Ramírez de Molina A. Genes associated with metabolic syndrome predict disease-free survival in stage II colorectal cancer patients. A novel link between metabolic dysregulation and colorectal cancer. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:1469-81. [PMID: 25001263 PMCID: PMC5528602 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have recently suggested that metabolic syndrome and its components increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Both diseases are increasing in most countries, and the genetic association between them has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to assess the association between genetic risk factors of metabolic syndrome or related conditions (obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus type 2) and clinical outcome in stage II colorectal cancer patients. Expression levels of several genes related to metabolic syndrome and associated alterations were analysed by real-time qPCR in two equivalent but independent sets of stage II colorectal cancer patients. Using logistic regression models and cross-validation analysis with all tumour samples, we developed a metabolic syndrome-related gene expression profile to predict clinical outcome in stage II colorectal cancer patients. The results showed that a gene expression profile constituted by genes previously related to metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with clinical outcome of stage II colorectal cancer patients. This metabolic profile was able to identify patients with a low risk and high risk of relapse. Its predictive value was validated using an independent set of stage II colorectal cancer patients. The identification of a set of genes related to metabolic syndrome that predict survival in intermediate-stage colorectal cancer patients allows delineation of a high-risk group that may benefit from adjuvant therapy and avoid the toxic and unnecessary chemotherapy in patients classified as low risk. Our results also confirm the linkage between metabolic disorder and colorectal cancer and suggest the potential for cancer prevention and/or treatment by targeting these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Moreno-Rubio
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain; Medical Oncology, Infanta Sofía University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Paloma Cejas
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ricardo Ramos
- Genomic Service, Scientific Park of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Burgos
- Pathology Department, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Aguayo
- Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Custodio
- Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Food Research Institute (CIAL) CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliu
- Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
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Shin HY, Jung KJ, Linton JA, Jee SH. Association between fasting serum glucose levels and incidence of colorectal cancer in Korean men: the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II. Metabolism 2014; 63:1250-6. [PMID: 25113383 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is steadily increasing worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated that diabetes mellitus is related to an increased risk of CRC; however, the association between impaired fasting glucose and CRC is unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the correlation between fasting serum glucose (FSG) levels and the incidence of CRC, which can be used to develop novel methods for preventing CRC. METHODS A total of 175,677 individuals from the Korean Metabolic Syndrome Research Initiative study were enrolled between 2004 and 2011. The incidence of CRC was assessed during a mean follow-up of 4.7 years. Hazard ratios (HR) for CRC according to FSG levels were calculated with the Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and regular exercise. RESULTS The risk of developing CRC in subjects with high FSG was significant (HR, 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.90), and the risk was higher in men (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.12-2.05). The HR of rectal cancer, but not colon cancer, was significantly higher both in the total population and in men in the high FSG group. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of CRC positively correlated with FSG levels in men. Rectal cancer incidence was especially correlated with high FSG in the site-specific analysis. Therefore, serum glucose levels maybe a potential marker of colorectal cancer. Early detection and intervention for controlling elevated glucose levels may be indicated as a way to prevent carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Young Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea; Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion and Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion and Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - John A Linton
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea; International Health Care Center, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion and Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
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Kochi T, Shimizu M, Ohno T, Baba A, Sumi T, Kubota M, Shirakami Y, Tsurumi H, Tanaka T, Moriwaki H. Preventive effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, on the development of azoxymethane-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions in diabetic and hypertensive rats. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:223-229. [PMID: 24959250 PMCID: PMC4063600 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (Mets), including diabetes and hypertension, increases the risk of colorectal cancer via the induction of chronic inflammation, acceleration of oxidative stress, and activation of the renin-angiotensin system. The present study examined the possible inhibitory effects of captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and antihypertensive drug, on the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic premalignant lesions, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr (SHRSP-ZF) diabetic and hypertensive rats. Male 6-week-old SHRSP-ZF rats were administered two, weekly intraperitoneal injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body weight). Following the second injection, the rats received drinking water containing captopril (8 mg/kg/day) for two weeks. At sacrifice, captopril administration significantly lowered the blood pressure and reduced the total number and size of ACF compared with those observed in the untreated group. The serum levels of angiotensin-II and the expression levels of ACE and angiotensin-II type 1 receptor mRNA on the colonic mucosa decreased following captopril treatment. Captopril also reduced the urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels and the serum derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites levels, both of which are oxidative stress markers, but increased the mRNA levels of catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, in the colonic epithelium. Moreover, the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen mRNA in the colonic epithelium were decreased significantly following captopril administration. These observations suggested that captopril prevents the development of ACF by inhibiting renin-angiotensin system activation and attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in SHRSP-ZF rats. Therefore, targeting Mets-related pathophysiological conditions, including renin-angiotensin system activation, may be an effective strategy to prevent colorectal carcinogenesis in patients with Mets, particularly those with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ohno
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Baba
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sumi
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tsurumi
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hisataka Moriwaki
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Chūbu 501-1194, Japan
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Liu J, Zeng FF, Liu ZM, Zhang CX, Ling WH, Chen YM. Effects of blood triglycerides on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 61 prospective studies. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:159. [PMID: 24164719 PMCID: PMC4231478 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship of triglycerides (TG) to the risk of death remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between blood triglyceride levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mortality and all-cause mortality. Four databases were searched without language restriction for relevant studies: PubMed, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. All prospective cohort studies reporting an association between TG and CVDs or all-cause mortality published before July 2013 were included. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled according to TG categories, unit TG, and logarithm of TG using a random-effects model with inverse-variance weighting. We identified 61 eligible studies, containing 17,018 CVDs deaths in 726,030 participants and 58,419 all-cause deaths in 330,566 participants. Twelve and fourteen studies, respectively, reported the effects estimates of CVDs and total mortality by TG categories. Compared to the referent (90–149 mg/dL), the pooled RRs (95% CI) of CVDs mortality for the lowest (< 90 mg/dL), borderline-high (150–199 mg/dL), and high TG (≥ 200 mg/dL) groups were 0.83 (0.75 to 0.93), 1.15 (1.03 to 1.29), and 1.25 (1.05 to 1.50); for total mortality they were 0.94 (0.85 to 1.03), 1.09 (1.02 to 1.17), and 1.20 (1.04 to 1.38), respectively. The risks of CVDs and all-cause deaths were increased by 13% and 12% (p < 0.001) per 1-mmol/L TG increment in twenty-two and twenty-two studies reported RRs per unit TG, respectively. In conclusion, elevated blood TG levels were dose-dependently associated with higher risks of CVDs and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk of a number of cancers in humans, but the mechanism(s) responsible for these associations have not been established. It is estimated that 68% of adults are overweight or obese and that obesity may be causative in 4% to 7% of cancers in the United States. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the association between obesity and cancer including adipose-directed signaling (e.g., mTOR, AMPK), production of factors (e.g., insulin growth factor 1, fibroblast growth factor 1, and/or chronic inflammation associated with obesity. Huffman and colleagues used surgical methods to determine if visceral fat was causally related to intestinal tumorigenesis in the Apc(1638/N+) mouse in a manner independent of confounding factors such as caloric restriction. They found that caloric restriction could extend survival in both male and female Apc(1638/N+) mice but found that surgical removal of visceral fat was only effective in reducing macroadenomas in females. The results of this study do not identify the specific mechanism of association between visceral fat and intestinal carcinogenesis in female mice but do support the rationale for future cancer prevention trials that evaluate pharmacologic and behavioral strategies to reduce abdominal obesity in humans. Cancer Prev Res; 6(3); 161-4. ©2013 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Ignatenko
- Arizona Cancer Center, 1515 N Campbell Ave, P.O. Box 245024, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Enhanced development of azoxymethane-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions in hypertensive rats. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14700-11. [PMID: 23860206 PMCID: PMC3742268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. This study investigated the impact of hypertension, a component of metabolic syndrome, on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis using SHRSP/Izm (SHRSP) non-diabetic/hypertensive rats and SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr (SHRSP-ZF) diabetic/hypertensive rats. Male 6-week-old SHRSP, SHRSP-ZF, and control non-diabetic/normotensive Wister Kyoto/Izm (WKY) rats were given 2 weekly intraperitoneal injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body weight). Two weeks after the last injection of AOM, the SHRSP and SHRSP-ZF rats became hypertensive compared to the control WKY rats. Serum levels of angiotensin-II, the active product of the renin-angiotensin system, were elevated in both SHRSP and SHRSP-ZF rats, but only the SHRSP-ZF rats developed insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperleptinemia and exhibited an increase in adipose tissue. The development of AOM-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions and aberrant crypts foci, was significantly accelerated in both SHRSP and SHRSP-ZF hypertensive rats, compared to WKY normotensive rats. Furthermore, induction of oxidative stress and exacerbation of inflammation were observed in the colonic mucosa and systemically in SHRSP and SHRSP-ZF rats. Our findings suggest that hypertension plays a role in the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis by inducing oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, which might be associated with activation of the renin-angiotensin system.
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