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Braconi L, Riganti C, Parenti A, Cecchi M, Nocentini A, Bartolucci G, Menicatti M, Contino M, Colabufo NA, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Supuran CT, Teodori E. Dual Inhibitors of P-gp and Carbonic Anhydrase XII (hCA XII) against Tumor Multidrug Resistance with Piperazine Scaffold. Molecules 2024; 29:3290. [PMID: 39064868 PMCID: PMC11279465 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A new series of piperazine derivatives were synthesized and studied with the aim of obtaining dual inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and carbonic anhydrase XII (hCA XII) to synergistically overcome the P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells expressing the two proteins, P-gp and hCA XII. Indeed, these hybrid compounds contain both P-gp and hCA XII binding groups on the two nitrogen atoms of the heterocyclic ring. All compounds showed good inhibitory activity on each protein (P-gp and hCA XII) studied individually, and many of them showed a synergistic effect in the resistant HT29/DOX and A549/DOX cell lines which overexpress both the target proteins. In particular, compound 33 displayed the best activity by enhancing the cytotoxicity and intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin in HT29/DOX and A549/DOX cells, thus resulting as promising P-gp-mediated MDR reverser with a synergistic mechanism. Furthermore, compounds 13, 27 and 32 induced collateral sensitivity (CS) in MDR cells, as they were more cytotoxic in resistant cells than in the sensitive ones; their CS mechanisms were extensively investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Braconi
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Oncological Pharmacology Laboratory and Molecular Biotechnology Center “Guido Tarone”, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Piazza Nizza 44, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Marta Cecchi
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Marta Menicatti
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (N.A.C.)
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.C.); (N.A.C.)
| | - Dina Manetti
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Teodori
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (A.N.); (G.B.); (M.M.); (D.M.); (M.N.R.); (C.T.S.)
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Środa-Pomianek K, Barycka A, Gleńsk M, Rajbhandari M, Skonieczna M, Palko-Łabuz A, Wesołowska O. Pretreatment of Melanoma Cells with Aqueous Ethanol Extract from Madhuca longifolia Bark Strongly Potentiates the Activity of a Low Dose of Dacarbazine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7220. [PMID: 39000329 PMCID: PMC11241726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Madhuca longifolia is an evergreen tree distributed in India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. This tree is commonly known as Mahua and is used in traditional medicine. It was demonstrated that ethanol extract from the bark of M. longifolia possessed potent cytotoxic activity towards two melanoma cell lines, in contrast to aqueous extract that exhibited no activity. Apart from being selectively cytotoxic to cancer cells (with no activity towards non-cancerous fibroblasts), the studied extract induced apoptosis and increased reactive oxygen species generation in melanoma cells. Additionally, the use of the extract together with dacarbazine (both in non-toxic concentrations) resulted in the enhancement of their anticancer activity. Moreover, the pretreatment of melanoma cells with M. longifolia extract potentiated the activity of a low dose of dacarbazine to an even higher extent. It was concluded that ethanol extract of M. longifolia sensitized human melanoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. It can therefore be interesting as a promising source of compounds for prospective combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (K.Ś.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Barycka
- Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (K.Ś.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Michał Gleńsk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Meena Rajbhandari
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Kirtipur 44600, Kathmandu, Nepal;
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, The Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Palko-Łabuz
- Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (K.Ś.-P.); (A.B.)
| | - Olga Wesołowska
- Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-369 Wrocław, Poland; (K.Ś.-P.); (A.B.)
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3
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Shi P, Lin Z, Song Y, Li Z, Zeng M, Luo L, Cao Y, Zhu X. Chemotherapy-initiated cysteine-rich protein 61 decreases acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia chemosensitivity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:159. [PMID: 38530432 PMCID: PMC10965586 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemoresistance is a major challenge for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. Cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) plays an important role in drug resistance modulation of tumor cells, and Cyr61 levels are increased in the bone marrow of patients with ALL and contribute to ALL cell survival. However, the effect of Cyr61 on B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cell chemosensitivity and the regulatory mechanisms underlying Cyr61 production in bone marrow remain unknown. METHODS Nalm-6 and Reh human B-ALL cell lines were used in this study. Cyr61 levels were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of Cyr61 on B-ALL cell chemosensitivity to daunorubicin (DNR) was evaluated using cell viability and flow cytometry analyses. The regulatory mechanisms of Cyr61 production in bone marrow were examined using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Cyr61 knockdown and overexpression increased and decreased the chemosensitivity of B-ALL cells to DNR, respectively. Cyr61 attenuated chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis by upregulating B cell lymphoma-2. Notably, DNR induced DNA damage response and increased Cyr61 secretion in B-ALL cells through the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent nuclear factor kappa B pathway. CONCLUSION DNR induces Cyr61 production in B-ALL cells, and increased Cyr61 levels reduce the chemosensitivity of B-ALL cells. Consequently, targeting Cyr61 or related ATM signaling pathway may present a promising treatment strategy to enhance the chemosensitivity of patients with B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchong Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yanfang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated People Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 602 Bayiqi Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Zhaozhong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Menglu Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated People Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 602 Bayiqi Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
| | - Xianjin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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4
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Kopecka J, Barbanente A, Vitone D, Arnesano F, Margiotta N, Berchialla P, Niso M, Riganti C, Abate C. Cytotoxic pathways activated by multifunctional thiosemicarbazones targeting sigma-2 receptors in breast and lung carcinoma cells. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1588-1596. [PMID: 37796435 PMCID: PMC10661773 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multifunctional thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) able to bind sigma receptors and chelate metals are considered as a promising avenue for the treatment of pancreatic cancer due to the encouraging results obtained on in vitro and in vivo models. Here, we assessed the biochemical mechanism of these TSCs also on lung (A549) and breast (MCF7) cancer cells. METHODS The density of sigma-2 receptors in normal (BEAS-2B and MCF10A) and in lung and breast (A549 and MCF7) cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. In these cells, cytotoxicity (MTT assay) and activation of ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways (by spectrofluorimetric assays to measure Caspases 3/7/9; qRT-PCR detection of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK; MitoSOX, DCFDA-AM and JC-1 staining), induced by the TSCs FA4, MLP44, PS3 and ACThio1, were evaluated. RESULTS FA4 and PS3 exerted more potent cytotoxicity than MLP44 and ACThio1 in all cancer cell lines, where the density of sigma-2 receptors was higher than in normal cells. Remarkably, FA4 promoted ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways in both cell models, whereas the other TSCs had variable, cell-dependent effects on the activation of the two proapoptotic pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FA4 is a promising compound that deserves to be further studied for lung and breast cancer treatment. However, the other multifunctional TSCs also hold promise for the development of therapies towards a personalized medicine approach. Indeed, the presence of the sigma-2 receptor-targeting moiety would lead to a more specific tumor delivery embracing the characteristics of individual tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Nizza 44, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandra Barbanente
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Vitone
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Margiotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, via Santena5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Nizza 44, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Cristallografia, Via Amendola, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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5
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Masci D, Puxeddu M, Di Magno L, D’Ambrosio M, Parisi A, Nalli M, Bai R, Coluccia A, Sciò P, Orlando V, D’Angelo S, Biagioni S, Urbani A, Hamel E, Nocentini A, Filiberti S, Turati M, Ronca R, Kopecka J, Riganti C, Fionda C, Bordone R, Della Rocca G, Canettieri G, Supuran CT, Silvestri R, La Regina G. 4-(3-Phenyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)-1 H-pyrrol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide, a Novel Carbonic Anhydrase and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Dual-Targeting Inhibitor with Potent Activity against Multidrug Resistant Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14824-14842. [PMID: 37902628 PMCID: PMC10641813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized new pyrrole and indole derivatives as human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitors with the potential to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The presence of both N1-(4-sulfonamidophenyl) and 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) substituents was essential for strong hCA inhibitors. The most potent hCA XII inhibitor 15 (Ki = 6.8 nM) suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its target genes MYC, Fgf20, and Sall4 and exhibited the typical markers of apoptosis, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase, and cleaved caspase-3. Compound 15 showed strong inhibition of viability in a panel of cancer cells, including colorectal cancer and triple-negative breast cancer cells, was effective against the NCI/ADR-RES DOX-resistant cell line, and restored the sensitivity to doxorubicin (DOX) in HT29/DX and MDCK/P-gp cells. Compound 15 is a novel dual-targeting compound with activity against hCA and Wnt/β-catenin. It thus has a broad targeting spectrum and is an anticancer agent with specific potential in P-glycoprotein overexpressing cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Masci
- Department
of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative
Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred
Heart, Largo Francesco
Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Laura Di Magno
- Laboratory
Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza
University of Rome, Viale
Regina Elena 291, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Michele D’Ambrosio
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Anastasia Parisi
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular
Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division
of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for
Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Antonio Coluccia
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Pietro Sciò
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Viviana Orlando
- Department
of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Sara D’Angelo
- Department
of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Stefano Biagioni
- Department
of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department
of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative
Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred
Heart, Largo Francesco
Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular
Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division
of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for
Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Dipartimento
Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Firenze, Italy
| | - Serena Filiberti
- Experimental
Oncology and Immunology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Marta Turati
- Experimental
Oncology and Immunology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Experimental
Oncology and Immunology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational
Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department
of Oncology and Molecular Biotecnology Center “Guido Tarone″, Oncological Pharmacology Unit, Via Nizza 44, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department
of Oncology and Molecular Biotecnology Center “Guido Tarone″, Oncological Pharmacology Unit, Via Nizza 44, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Laboratory
Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza
University of Rome, Viale
Regina Elena 291, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Rosa Bordone
- Laboratory
Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza
University of Rome, Viale
Regina Elena 291, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Giorgia Della Rocca
- Laboratory
Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza
University of Rome, Viale
Regina Elena 291, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Gianluca Canettieri
- Laboratory
Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti,
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza
University of Rome, Viale
Regina Elena 291, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento
Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Firenze, Italy
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Laboratory
Affiliated with the Institute Pasteur Italy—Cenci Bolognetti
Foundation, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 00185, Italy
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6
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Braconi L, Dei S, Contino M, Riganti C, Bartolucci G, Manetti D, Romanelli MN, Perrone MG, Colabufo NA, Guglielmo S, Teodori E. Tetrazole and oxadiazole derivatives as bioisosteres of tariquidar and elacridar: New potent P-gp modulators acting as MDR reversers. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115716. [PMID: 37573829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
New 2,5- and 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles, and 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized as tariquidar and elacridar derivatives and studied as multidrug resistance (MDR) reversers. Their behaviour on the three ABC transporters P-gp, MRP1 and BCRP was investigated. All compounds inhibited the P-gp transport activity in MDCK-MDR1 cells overexpressing P-gp, showing EC50 values even in the low nanomolar range (compounds 15, 22). Oxadiazole derivatives were able to increase the antiproliferative effect of doxorubicin in MDCK-MDR1 and in HT29/DX cells confirming their nature of P-gp modulators, with derivative 15 being the most potent in these assays. Compound 15 also displayed a dual inhibitory effect showing good activities towards both P-gp and BCRP. A computational study suggested a common interaction pattern on P-gp for most of the potent compounds. The bioisosteric substitution of the amide group of lead compounds allowed identifying a new set of potent oxadiazole derivatives that modulate MDR through inhibition of the P-gp efflux activity. If compared to previous amide derivatives, the introduction of the heterocycle rings greatly enhances the activity on P-gp, introduces in two compounds a moderate inhibitory activity on MRP1 and maintains in some cases the effect on BCRP, leading to the unveiling of dual inhibitor 15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Braconi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Dei
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Dina Manetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Guglielmo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teodori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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7
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Magalhães LS, Strelow DN, Paim MP, Rech TDST, Krüger LD, Braga AL, Neto JSS, Brüning CA, Bortolatto CF. Anxiolytic-like action of 3-((4-methoxyphenyl)selanyl)-2-phenylbenzofuran (SeBZF3) in mice: A possible contribution of the serotonergic system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 232:173651. [PMID: 37793485 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders, characterized by high prevalence rates, cause psychiatric disabilities and are related to impairments in serotoninergic system function. Frequent anxiety recurrence, resistance, and drug adverse effects have driven searches for new therapies. We initially evaluated the anxiolytic-like activity of 3-selanyl-benzo[b]furan compounds (SeBZF1-5) (50 mg/kg, i.g.) in male Swiss mice using the light-dark test (LDT). The compound 3-((4-methoxyphenyl)selanyl)-2-phenylbenzofuran (SeBZF3) exhibited anxiolytic-like activity. SeBZF3 anxiolytic-like effects were also observed in the novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT) (50 mg/kg) and elevated plus-maze test (EPMT) (25 and 50 mg/kg). In the EPMT, anxiolytic-like effects of SeBZF3 (50 mg/kg) were abolished by pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine, a selective tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor (100 mg/kg, i.p. for 4 days), suggesting the involvement of serotonergic mechanisms. Furthermore, we conducted experiments to investigate the synergistic effects of SeBZF3 subeffective doses (5 mg/kg, i.g.) in combination with fluoxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) or buspirone (a partial agonist of the 5-HT1A receptor, 2 mg/kg, i.p.). This coadministration resulted in pronounced synergistic effects. We also examined the effects of repeated oral treatment with SeBZF3 at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg over 14 days and both reduced anxiety signals. In vitro and ex vivo findings revealed that SeBZF3 inhibited cerebral MAO-A activity. These findings collectively imply the potential involvement of serotonergic mechanisms in the anxiolytic-like activity of SeBZF3 in mice. These data offer contributions to the research field of organoselenium compounds and anxiolytics, encouraging the broadening of the search for new effective drugs while offering improved side effect profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sander Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Dianer Nornberg Strelow
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Parron Paim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Taís da Silva Teixeira Rech
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Devantier Krüger
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Luiz Braga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Química (PPGQ), Laboratório de Síntese de Derivados de Selênio e Telúrio (LabSelen), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, CEP 88040- 900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - César Augusto Brüning
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cristiani Folharini Bortolatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Neurofarmacologia Molecular (LABIONEM), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos (CCQFA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), CEP 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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8
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Ahmed Z, LoGiudice K, Mays G, Schorr A, Rowey R, Yang H, Trivedi S, Srivastava V. Increasing Chemotherapeutic Efficacy Using pH-Modulating and Doxorubicin-Releasing Injectable Chitosan-Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45626-45639. [PMID: 37729014 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of pH is crucial to maintaining the chemical homeostasis of biological environments. The irregular metabolic pathways exhibited by cancer cells result in the production of acidic byproducts that are excreted and accumulate in the extracellular tumor microenvironment, reducing the pH. As a consequence of the lower pH in tumors, cancer cells increase the expression of metastatic phenotypes and chemotherapeutic resistance. A significant limitation in current cancer therapies is the inability to locally deliver chemotherapeutics, leading to significant damage to healthy cells in systemic administration. To overcome these challenges, we present an injectable chitosan-poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel that is dual-loaded with doxorubicin and sodium bicarbonate providing alkaline buffering of extracellular acidity and simultaneous chemotherapeutic delivery to increase chemotherapeutic efficacy. We conducted in vitro studies of weak base chemotherapeutic and alkaline buffer release from the hydrogel. The release of doxorubicin from hydrogels increased in a low-pH environment and was dependent on the encapsulated sodium bicarbonate concentration. We investigated the influence of pH on the doxorubicin efficacy and viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. The results show a 2- to 3-fold increase in IC50 values from neutral pH to low pH, showing decreased cancer cell viability at neutral pH as compared to acidic pH. The IC50 results were shown to correlate with a decrease in intracellular uptake of doxorubicin at low pH. The proposed hydrogels were confirmed to be nontoxic to healthy MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells. Rheological studies were performed to verify that the dual-loaded hydrogels were injectable. The mechanical and release properties of the hydrogels were maintained after extended storage. The chemotherapeutic activity of doxorubicin was evaluated in the presence of the proposed pH-regulating hydrogels. The findings suggest a promising nontoxic, biodegradable hydrogel buffer delivery system that can achieve two simultaneous important goals of local acidosis neutralization and chemotherapeutic release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ahmed
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Kevin LoGiudice
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Gavin Mays
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Angelina Schorr
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Rachel Rowey
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Haisong Yang
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Shruti Trivedi
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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9
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Sodano F, Rolando B, Lazzarato L, Costamagna C, Failla M, Riganti C, Chegaev K. Use of Enzymatically Activated Carbon Monoxide Donors for Sensitizing Drug-Resistant Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11258. [PMID: 37511019 PMCID: PMC10379931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of gaseous signaling molecules like NO, H2S or CO to overcome the multidrug resistance in cancer treatment has proven to be a viable therapeutic strategy. The development of CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) in a controlled manner and in targeted tissues remains a challenge in medicinal chemistry. In this paper, we describe the design, synthesis and chemical and enzymatic stability of a novel non-metal CORM (1) able to release intracellularly CO and, simultaneously, facilitate fluorescent degradation of products under the action of esterase. The toxicity of 1 against different human cancer cell lines and their drug-resistant counterparts, as well as the putative mechanism of toxicity were investigated. The drug-resistant cancer cell lines efficiently absorbed 1 and 1 was able to restore their sensitivity vs. chemotherapeutic drugs by causing a CO-dependent mitochondrial oxidative stress that culminated in mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. These results demonstrate the importance of CORMs in cases where conventional chemotherapy fails and thus open the horizons towards new combinatorial strategies to overcome multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sodano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Mariacristina Failla
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Konstantin Chegaev
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
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10
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Panuzzo C, Pironi L, Maglione A, Rocco S, Stanga S, Riganti C, Kopecka J, Ali MS, Pergolizzi B, Bracco E, Cilloni D. mTORC2 Is Activated under Hypoxia and Could Support Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021234. [PMID: 36674750 PMCID: PMC9865638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a critical condition that governs survival, self-renewal, quiescence, metabolic shift and refractoriness to leukemic stem cell (LSC) therapy. The present study aims to investigate the hypoxia-driven regulation of the mammalian Target of the Rapamycin-2 (mTORC2) complex to unravel it as a novel potential target in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapeutic strategies. After inducing hypoxia in a CML cell line model, we investigated the activities of mTORC1 and mTORC2. Surprisingly, we detected a significant activation of mTORC2 at the expense of mTORC1, accompanied by the nuclear localization of the main substrate phospho-Akt (Ser473). Moreover, the Gene Ontology analysis of CML patients' CD34+ cells showed enrichment in the mTORC2 signature, further strengthening our data. The deregulation of mTOR complexes highlights how hypoxia could be crucial in CML development. In conclusion, we propose a mechanism by which CML cells residing under a low-oxygen tension, i.e., in the leukemia quiescent LSCs, singularly regulate the mTORC2 and its downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucrezia Pironi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maglione
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Rocco
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Stanga
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Ali
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Pergolizzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Bracco
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
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11
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Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Nadeem MS, Alzarea SI, Almalki WH, Tariq A, Mubeen B, Murtaza BN, Iftikhar S, Riaz N, Kazmi I. Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery: From History to Therapeutic Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12244494. [PMID: 36558344 PMCID: PMC9781272 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Current research into the role of engineered nanoparticles in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for medical purposes has developed numerous fascinating nanocarriers. This paper reviews the various conventionally used and current used carriage system to deliver drugs. Due to numerous drawbacks of conventional DDSs, nanocarriers have gained immense interest. Nanocarriers like polymeric nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, nanomedicine, and engineered nanomaterials are used as carriage systems for targeted delivery at specific sites of affected areas in the body. Nanomedicine has rapidly grown to treat certain diseases like brain cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and many others. These nanomedicines can improve drug bioavailability and drug absorption time, reduce release time, eliminate drug aggregation, and enhance drug solubility in the blood. Nanomedicine has introduced a new era for drug carriage by refining the therapeutic directories of the energetic pharmaceutical elements engineered within nanoparticles. In this context, the vital information on engineered nanoparticles was reviewed and conferred towards the role in drug carriage systems to treat many ailments. All these nanocarriers were tested in vitro and in vivo. In the coming years, nanomedicines can improve human health more effectively by adding more advanced techniques into the drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqsa Tariq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bismillah Mubeen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22310, Pakistan
| | - Saima Iftikhar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University, Abbottabad 22020, Pakistan
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Naked and Decorated Nanoparticles Containing H 2S-Releasing Doxorubicin: Preparation, Characterization and Assessment of Their Antitumoral Efficiency on Various Resistant Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911555. [PMID: 36232858 PMCID: PMC9569649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several semisynthetic, low-cardiotoxicity doxorubicin (DOXO) conjugated have been extensively described, considering the risk of cytotoxicity loss against resistant tumor cells, which mainly present drug efflux capacity. Doxorubicin 14-[4-(4-phenyl-5-thioxo-5H-[1,2]dithiol-3-yl)]-benzoate (H2S-DOXO) was synthetized and tested for its ability to overcome drug resistance with good intracellular accumulation. In this paper, we present a formulation study aimed to develop naked and decorated H2S-DOXO-loaded lipid nanoparticles (NPs). NPs prepared by the "cold dilution of microemulsion" method were decorated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to obtain active targeting and characterized for their physicochemical properties, drug entrapment efficiency, long-term stability, and in vitro drug release. Best formulations were tested in vitro on human-sensitive (MCF7) and human/mouse DOXO-resistant (MDA-MDB -231 and JC) breast cancer cells, on human (U-2OS) osteosarcoma cells and DOXO-resistant human/mouse osteosarcoma cells (U-2OS/DX580/K7M2). HA-decoration by HA-cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide electrostatic interaction on NPs surface was confirmed by Zeta potential and elemental analysis at TEM. NPs had mean diameters lower than 300 nm, 70% H2S-DOXO entrapment efficiency, and were stable for almost 28 days. HA-decorated NPs accumulated H2S-DOXO in Pgp-expressing cells reducing cell viability. HA-decorated NPs result in the best formulation to increase the inter-cellular H2S-DOXO delivery and kill resistant cells, and therefore, as a future perspective, they will be taken into account for further in vivo experiments on tumor animal model.
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13
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Salaroglio IC, Belisario DC, Akman M, La Vecchia S, Godel M, Anobile DP, Ortone G, Digiovanni S, Fontana S, Costamagna C, Rubinstein M, Kopecka J, Riganti C. Mitochondrial ROS drive resistance to chemotherapy and immune-killing in hypoxic non-small cell lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:243. [PMID: 35953814 PMCID: PMC9373288 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solid tumors subjected to intermittent hypoxia are characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and immune-killing by effector T-lymphocytes, particularly tumor-infiltrating Vγ9Vδ2 T-lymphocytes. The molecular circuitries determining this double resistance are not known. Methods We analyzed a panel of 28 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines, using an in vitro system simulating continuous and intermittent hypoxia. Chemosensitivity to cisplatin and docetaxel was evaluated by chemiluminescence, ex vivo Vγ9Vδ2 T-lymphocyte expansion and immune-killing by flow cytometry. Targeted transcriptomics identified efflux transporters and nuclear factors involved in this chemo-immuno-resistance. The molecular mechanism linking Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein-β (C/EBP-β) isoforms LAP and LIP, ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCA1 transporters were evaluated by immunoblotting, RT-PCR, RNA-IP, ChIP. Oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial ATP, ROS, depolarization, O2 consumption were monitored by spectrophotometer and electronic sensors. The role of ROS/HIF-1α/LAP axis was validated in knocked-out or overexpressing cells, and in humanized (Hu-CD34+NSG) mice bearing LAP-overexpressing tumors. The clinical meaning of LAP was assessed in 60 NSCLC patients prospectively enrolled, treated with chemotherapy. Results By up-regulating ABCB1 and ABCC1, and down-regulating ABCA1, intermittent hypoxia induced a stronger chemo-immuno-resistance than continuous hypoxia in NSCLC cells. Intermittent hypoxia impaired the electron transport chain and reduced O2 consumption, increasing mitochondrial ROS that favor the stabilization of C/EBP-β mRNA mediated by HIF-1α. HIF-1α/C/EBP-β mRNA binding increases the splicing of C/EBP-β toward the production of LAP isoform that transcriptionally induces ABCB1 and ABCC1, promoting the efflux of cisplatin and docetaxel. LAP also decreases ABCA1, limiting the efflux of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, i.e. the endogenous activator of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells, and reducing the immune-killing. In NSCLC patients subjected to cisplatin-based chemotherapy, C/EBP-β LAP was abundant in hypoxic tumors and was associated with lower response to treatment and survival. LAP-overexpressing tumors in Hu-CD34+NSG mice recapitulated the patients’ chemo-immuno-resistant phenotype. Interestingly, the ROS scavenger mitoquinol chemo-immuno-sensitized immuno-xenografts, by disrupting the ROS/HIF-1α/LAP cascade. Conclusions The impairment of mitochondrial metabolism induced by intermittent hypoxia increases the ROS-dependent stabilization of HIF-1α/LAP complex in NSCLC, producing chemo-immuno-resistance. Clinically used mitochondrial ROS scavengers may counteract such double resistance. Moreover, we suggest C/EBP-β LAP as a new predictive and prognostic factor in NSCLC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02447-6.
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14
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Kweon S, Jeong YS, Chung SW, Lee H, Lee HK, Park SJ, Choi JU, Park J, Chung SJ, Byun Y. Metronomic dose-finding approach in oral chemotherapy by experimentally-driven integrative mathematical modeling. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Abd-Ellatef GEF, Gazzano E, El-Desoky AH, Hamed AR, Kopecka J, Belisario DC, Costamagna C, S Marie MA, Fahmy SR, Abdel-Hamid AHZ, Riganti C. Glabratephrin reverses doxorubicin resistance in triple negative breast cancer by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:105975. [PMID: 34785319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive breast cancer. The first therapeutic option is chemotherapy, often based on anthracycline as doxorubicin. However, chemotherapy efficacy is limited in by the presence of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a membrane transporter protein that effluxes doxorubicin, reducing its cellular accumulation and toxicity. Inhibiting Pgp activity with effective and non-toxic products is still an open challenge. In this work, we demonstrated that the natural product Glabratephrin (Glab), a prenylated flavonoid from Tephrosia purpurea with a unique chemical structure, increased doxorubicin accumulation and cytotoxicity in triple negative breast cancer cells with high levels of Pgp, characterized by both acquired or intrinsic resistance to doxorubicin. Glab also reduced the growth of Pgp-expressing tumors, without adding significant extra-toxicities to doxorubicin treatment. Interestingly, Glab did not change the expression of Pgp, but it reduced the affinity for Pgp and the efflux of doxorubicin, as suggested by the increased Km and the reduced Vmax. In silico molecular docking predicted that Glab binds two residues (phenylalanine 322, glutamine 721) localized in the transmembrane domains of Pgp, facing the extracellular environment. Moreover, site-directed mutagenesis identified glycine 185 as a critical residue mediating the reduced catalytic efficacy of Pgp elicited by Glab. We propose Glab as an effective and safe compound able to reverse doxorubicin resistance mediated by Pgp in triple negative breast cancers, opening the way to a new combinatorial approach that may improve chemotherapy efficacy in the most refractory and aggressive breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Female
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Eldein Fathy Abd-Ellatef
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ahmed H El-Desoky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department & Biology Unit of Central Laboratory, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Costanzo Costamagna
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Sohair R Fahmy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamaa Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid Z Abdel-Hamid
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Niso M, Kopecka J, Abatematteo FS, Berardi F, Riganti C, Abate C. Multifunctional thiosemicarbazones targeting sigma receptors: in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities in pancreatic cancer models. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1307-1323. [PMID: 34586588 PMCID: PMC8648660 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Association of the metal chelating portion of thiosemicarbazone with the cytotoxic activity of sigma-2 receptors appears a promising strategy for the treatment of pancreatic tumors. Here, we developed a novel sigma-2 receptor targeting thiosemicarbazone (FA4) that incorporates a moiety associated with lysosome destabilization and ROS increase in order to design more efficient antitumor agents. METHODS The density of sigma receptors in pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. In these cells, cytotoxicity (MTT assay) and activation of ER- and mitochondria-dependent cell death pathways (mRNA expression of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK; ROS levels by MitoSOX and DCFDA-AM; JC-1 staining) induced by the thiosemicarbazones FA4, MLP44, PS3 and ACthio-1, were evaluated. The expression of autophagic proteins (ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, beclin, p62 and LC3-I) was also studied. In addition, the in vivo effect of FA4 in xenograft models with and without gemcitabine challenge was investigated. RESULTS We found that FA4 exerted a more potent cytotoxicity than previously studied thiosemicarbazones (MLP44, PS3 and ACthio-1), which were found to display variable effects on the ER or the mitochondria-dependent pro-apoptotic axis. By contrast, FA4 activated pro-apoptotic pathways and decreased autophagy, except in MiaPaCa2 cells, in which autophagic proteins were expressed at lower levels and remained unmodified by FA4. FA4 treatment of PANC-1 xenografted mouse models, poorly responsive to conventional chemotherapy, significantly reduced tumor volumes and increased intratumor apoptosis compared to gemcitabine, with no signs of toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that FA4 exhibits encouraging activity in pancreatic cancer cells unresponsive to gemcitabine. These results warrant further investigation in patient-derived pancreatic cancers, and hold promise for the development of therapies that can more efficiently target the specific characteristics of individual tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Serena Abatematteo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Berardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Carmen Abate
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari ALDO MORO, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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17
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Belisario DC, Kopecka J, Pasino M, Akman M, De Smaele E, Donadelli M, Riganti C. Hypoxia Dictates Metabolic Rewiring of Tumors: Implications for Chemoresistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122598. [PMID: 33291643 PMCID: PMC7761956 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition commonly observed in the core of solid tumors. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) act as hypoxia sensors that orchestrate a coordinated response increasing the pro-survival and pro-invasive phenotype of cancer cells, and determine a broad metabolic rewiring. These events favor tumor progression and chemoresistance. The increase in glucose and amino acid uptake, glycolytic flux, and lactate production; the alterations in glutamine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation; the high levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; the modulation of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation are hallmarks of the metabolic rewiring induced by hypoxia. This review discusses how metabolic-dependent factors (e.g., increased acidification of tumor microenvironment coupled with intracellular alkalinization, and reduced mitochondrial metabolism), and metabolic-independent factors (e.g., increased expression of drug efflux transporters, stemness maintenance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition) cooperate in determining chemoresistance in hypoxia. Specific metabolic modifiers, however, can reverse the metabolic phenotype of hypoxic tumor areas that are more chemoresistant into the phenotype typical of chemosensitive cells. We propose these metabolic modifiers, able to reverse the hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring, as potential chemosensitizer agents against hypoxic and refractory tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas Carolina Belisario
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Martina Pasino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5857
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18
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Susana FV, Sharmila F, Alessandro S, Valentina G, Chiara R, Marco P, Fiorella A, Danilo D. Impedance-based drug-resistance characterization of colon cancer cells through real-time cell culture monitoring. Talanta 2020; 222:121441. [PMID: 33167197 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Interest in impedance-based cellular assays is rising due to their remarkable advantages, including label-free, low cost, non-invasive, non-destructive, quantitative and real-time monitoring. In order to test their potential in cancer treatment decision and early detection of chemoresistance, we devised a new custom-made impedance measuring system based on electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS), optimized for long term impedance measurements. This device was employed in a proof of concept cell culture impedance analysis for the characterization of chemo-resistant colon cancer cells. Doxorubicin-resistant HT-29 cells were used for this purpose and monitored for 140 h. Analysis of impedance-based curves reveal different trends from chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant cells. An impedance-based cytoxicity assay with different concentrations of doxorubicin was also performed using ECIS. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of ECIS in the study of drug resistance and show promises for studies of time-dependent factors related to physiological and behavioral changes in cells during resistance acquisition. The methodology presented herein, allows the continuous monitoring of cells under normal culture conditions as well as upon drug exposure. The ECIS device used, sets the basis for high-throughput early detection of resistance to drugs, administered in the clinical practice to cancer patients, and for the screening of new drugs in vitro, on patient-derived cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuentes-Vélez Susana
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.
| | - Fagoonee Sharmila
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), Turin, Italy
| | - Sanginario Alessandro
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Riganti Chiara
- Department of Oncology and Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pizzi Marco
- Eltek S.p.A, Casale Monferrato, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Altruda Fiorella
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Demarchi Danilo
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications (DET), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
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In vitro vascular toxicity assessment of NitDOX, a novel NO-releasing doxorubicin. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173164. [PMID: 32437742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The conjugation of doxorubicin (DOX) with nitric oxide (NO)-releasing groups gave rise to novel anthracyclines, such as nitrooxy-DOX (NitDOX), capable to overcome multidrug resistance. The widely described anthracycline cardiovascular toxicity, however, might limit their clinical use. This study aimed to investigate NitDOX-induced effects, as potential hazard, on vascular smooth muscle A7r5 and endothelial EA.hy926 cell viability, on the mechanical activity of freshly and cultured rat aorta rings, as well as on Cav1.2 channels of A7r5 cells. DOX was used as a reference compound. Although an increase in intracellular radicals and a reduction in mitochondrial potential occurred upon treatment with both drugs, A7r5 and EA.hy926 cells proved to be more sensitive to DOX than to NitDOX. Both compounds promoted comparable effects in A7r5 cells, whereas NitDOX was less active than DOX in inducing DNA damage and in eliciting apoptotic-mediated cell death revealed as an increase in sub-diploid-, DAPI- and annexin V-positive- EA.hy926 cell percentage. Moreover, in EA.hy926 cells, NitDOX doubled basal NO content, while preincubation with the NO-scavenger PTIO increased NitDOX-induced cytotoxicity. DOX exhibited a negligible contracturing effect in endothelium-intact rings, while NitDOX induced a significant ODQ-sensible, vasodilation in endothelium-denuded rings. In arteries cultured with both drugs for 7 days, NitDOX prevented either phenylephrine- or KCl-induced contraction at a concentration 10-fold higher than that of DOX. These results demonstrate that NitDOX displays a more favourable vascular toxicity profile than DOX. Taking into account its greater efficacy against drug-resistant cells, NitDOX is worth of further investigations in preclinical and clinical settings.
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20
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Riganti C, Giampietro R, Kopecka J, Costamagna C, Abatematteo FS, Contino M, Abate C. MRP1-Collateral Sensitizers as a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Resistant Cancer Therapy: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study in Lung Resistant Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093333. [PMID: 32397184 PMCID: PMC7247425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main obstacle to current chemotherapy and it is mainly due to the overexpression of some efflux transporters such as MRP1. One of the most studied strategies to overcome MDR has been the inhibition of MDR pumps through small molecules, but its translation into the clinic unfortunately failed. Recently, a phenomenon called collateral sensitivity (CS) emerged as a new strategy to hamper MDR acting as a synthetic lethality, where the genetic changes developed upon the acquisition of resistance towards a specific agent are followed by the development of hypersensitivity towards a second agent. Among our library of sigma ligands acting as MDR modulators, we identified three compounds, F397, F400, and F421, acting as CS-promoting agents. We deepened their CS mechanisms in the "pure" model of MRP1-expressing cells (MDCK-MRP1) and in MRP1-expressing/drug resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549/DX). The in vitro results demonstrated that (i) the three ligands are highly cytotoxic for MRP1-expressing cells; (ii) their effect is MRP1-mediated; (iii) they increase the cytotoxicity induced by cis-Pt, the therapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of lung tumors; and (iv) their effect is ROS-mediated. Moreover, a preclinical in vivo study performed in lung tumor xenografts confirms the in vitro findings, making the three CS-promoting agents candidates for a novel therapeutic approach in lung resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Roberta Giampietro
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Costanzo Costamagna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesca Serena Abatematteo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmen Abate
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
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21
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Di Sotto A, Di Giacomo S, Rubini E, Macone A, Gulli M, Mammola CL, Eufemi M, Mancinelli R, Mazzanti G. Modulation of STAT3 Signaling, Cell Redox Defenses and Cell Cycle Checkpoints by β-Caryophyllene in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells: Possible Mechanisms Accounting for Doxorubicin Chemosensitization and Chemoprevention. Cells 2020; 9:E858. [PMID: 32252311 PMCID: PMC7226839 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive group of biliary tract cancers, characterized by late diagnosis, low effective chemotherapies, multidrug resistance, and poor outcomes. In the attempt to identify new therapeutic strategies for CCA, we studied the antiproliferative activity of a combination between doxorubicin and the natural sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene in cholangiocarcinoma Mz-ChA-1 cells and nonmalignant H69 cholangiocytes, under both long-term and metronomic schedules. The modulation of STAT3 signaling, oxidative stress, DNA damage response, cell cycle progression and apoptosis was investigated as possible mechanisms of action. β-caryophyllene was able to synergize the cytotoxicity of low dose doxorubicin in Mz-ChA-1 cells, while producing cytoprotective effects in H69 cholangiocytes, mainly after a long-term exposure of 24 h. The mechanistic analysis highlighted that the sesquiterpene induced a cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase along with the doxorubicin-induced accumulation in S phase, reduced the γH2AX and GSH levels without affecting GSSG. ROS amount was partly lowered by the combination in Mz-ChA-1 cells, while increased in H69 cells. A lowered expression of doxorubicin-induced STAT3 activation was found in the presence of β-caryophyllene in both cancer and normal cholangiocytes. These networking effects resulted in an increased apoptosis rate in Mz-ChA-1 cells, despite a lowering in H69 cholangiocytes. This evidence highlighted a possible role of STAT3 as a final effector of a complex network regulated by β-caryophyllene, which leads to an enhanced doxorubicin-sensitivity of cholangiocarcinoma cells and a lowered chemotherapy toxicity in nonmalignant cholangiocytes, thus strengthening the interest for this natural sesquiterpene as a dual-acting chemosensitizing and chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Rubini
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Marco Gulli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Caterina Loredana Mammola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.L.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.L.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.D.G.); (M.G.); (G.M.)
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22
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Apoptotic-Induced Effects of Acacia Catechu Willd. Extract in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062102. [PMID: 32204339 PMCID: PMC7139529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The research for innovative treatments against colon adenocarcinomas is still a great challenge. Acacia catechu Willd. heartwood extract (AC) has health-promoting qualities, especially at the gastrointestinal level. This study characterized AC for its catechins content and investigated the apoptosis-enhancing effect in human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells, along with its ability to spare healthy tissue. MTT assay was used to describe the time course, concentration dependence and reversibility of AC-mediated cytotoxicity. Cell cycle analysis and AV-PI and DAPI-staining were performed to evaluate apoptosis, together with ROS formation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) changes and caspase activities. Rat ileum and colon rings were tested for their viability and functionality to explore AC effects on healthy tissue. Quantitative analysis highlighted that AC was rich in (±)-catechin (31.5 ± 0.82 mg/g) and (−)-epicatechin (12.5 ± 0.42 mg/g). AC irreversibly decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent, but not time-dependent fashion. Cytotoxicity was accompanied by increases in apoptotic cells and ROS, a reduction in MMP and increases in caspase-9 and 3 activities. AC did not affect rat ileum and colon rings’ viability and functionality, suggesting a safe profile toward healthy tissue. The present findings outline the potential of AC for colon cancer treatment.
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Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Bypass P-Glycoprotein Mediated Doxorubicin Resistance in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12020096. [PMID: 31991669 PMCID: PMC7076516 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a critical hindrance to the success of cancer chemotherapy. The main thing responsible for MDR phenotypes are plasma-membranes associated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Binding Cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters, such as the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) transporter that has the broadest spectrum of substrates. Curcumin (CURC) is a Pgp inhibitor, but it is poorly soluble and bioavailable. To overcome these limitations, we validated the efficacy and safety of CURC, loaded in biocompatible solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), with or without chitosan coating, with the goal of increasing the stability, homogeneous water dispersibility, and cellular uptake. Both CURC-loaded SLNs were 5–10-fold more effective than free CURC in increasing the intracellular retention and toxicity of doxorubicin in Pgp-expressing triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The effect was due to the decrease of intracellular reactive oxygen species, consequent inhibition of the Akt/IKKα-β/NF-kB axis, and reduced transcriptional activation of the Pgp promoter by p65/p50 NF-kB. CURC-loaded SLNs also effectively rescued the sensitivity to doxorubicin against drug-resistant TNBC tumors, without signs of systemic toxicity. These results suggest that the combination therapy, based on CURC-loaded SLNs and doxorubicin, is an effective and safe approach to overcome the Pgp-mediated chemoresistance in TNBC.
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24
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Di Sotto A, Irannejad H, Eufemi M, Mancinelli R, Abete L, Mammola CL, Altieri F, Mazzanti G, Di Giacomo S. Potentiation of Low-Dose Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity by Affecting P-Glycoprotein through Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes in HepG2 Cells: an in Vitro and in Silico Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E633. [PMID: 31963614 PMCID: PMC7014471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin represents a valuable choice for different cancers, although the severe side effects occurring at the high effective dose limits its clinical use. In the present study, potential strategies to potentiate low-dose doxorubicin efficacy, including a metronomic schedule, characterized by a short and repeated exposure to the anticancer drug, and the combination with the natural chemosensitizing sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide, were assessed in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the HepG2-chemosensitization to doxorubicin was evaluated. Also, the direct interaction of caryophyllene sesquiterpenes with P-gp was characterized by molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies. A metronomic schedule allowed us to enhance the low-dose doxorubicin cytotoxicity and the combination with caryophyllane sesquiterpenes further potentiated this effect. Also, an increased intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin and rhodamine 123 induced by caryophyllane sesquiterpenes was found, thus suggesting their interference with P-gp function. A lowered expression of P-gp induced by the combinations, with respect to doxorubicin alone, was observed too. Docking studies found that the binding site of caryophyllane sesquiterpene was next to the ATP binding domain of P-gp and that β-caryophyllene possessed the stronger binding affinity and higher inhibition potential calculated by MM-PBSA. Present findings strengthen our hypothesis about the potential chemosensitizing power of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes and suggest that combining a chemosensitizer and a metronomic schedule can represent a suitable strategy to overcome drawbacks of doxorubicin chemotherapy while exploiting its powerful activity.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Computer Simulation
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
- Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Hamid Irannejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 48175-866 Sari, Iran;
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Lorena Abete
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Caterina Loredana Mammola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Science “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriela Mazzanti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.); (S.D.G.)
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.); (S.D.G.)
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25
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Al-malky HS, Damanhouri ZA, Al Aama JY, Al Qahtani AA, Ramadan WS, AlKreathy HM, Al Harthi SE, Osman AMM. Diltiazem potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity and cellular uptake in human breast cancer cells. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Arab women and also around the world. Chronic cardiotoxicity and multidrug resistance are potential limiting factors of doxorubicin (DOX), a known anthracycline antibiotic. Materials & methods: DOX cytotoxicity was evaluated by the sulforhodamine method. DOX cellular uptake, detection of P-glycoprotein activity and the photomicrograph of MCF-7 cells were also determined. Results: Diltiazem (DIL) treatment improved DOX cytotoxic activity and increased the cellular uptake of DOX significantly and aggregation of rhodamine 123, reflecting inhibition of P-glycoprotein pump. Cytopathological investigation of MCF-7 cells revealed marked cytotoxic activity of DOX in the presence of DIL. Conclusion: DIL treatment enhanced DOX cytotoxic effect and reduced multidrug resistance, which increased the drug accumulation intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdan S Al-malky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A Damanhouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Y Al Aama
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Al Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Huda M AlKreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer E Al Harthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of stereo- and regioisomers of amino aryl esters as multidrug resistance (MDR) reversers. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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What sustains the multidrug resistance phenotype beyond ABC efflux transporters? Looking beyond the tip of the iceberg. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 46:100643. [PMID: 31493711 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of multidrug (MDR) efflux transporters that belong to the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, represented an important breakthrough for understanding cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) and its possible overcoming. However, recent data indicate that drug resistant cells have a complex intracellular physiology that involves constant changes in energetic and oxidative-reductive metabolic pathways, as well as in the molecular circuitries connecting mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. The aim of this review is to discuss the key molecular mechanisms of cellular reprogramming that induce and maintain MDR, beyond the presence of MDR efflux transporters. We specifically highlight how cancer cells characterized by high metabolic plasticity - i.e. cells able to shift the energy metabolism between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, to survive both the normoxic and hypoxic conditions, to modify the cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative-reductive metabolism, are more prone to adapt to exogenous stressors such as anti-cancer drugs and acquire a MDR phenotype. Similarly, we discuss how changes in mitochondria dynamics and mitophagy rates, changes in proteome stability ensuring non-oncogenic proteostatic mechanisms, changes in ubiquitin/proteasome- and autophagy/lysosome-related pathways, promote the cellular survival under stress conditions, along with the acquisition or maintenance of MDR. After dissecting the complex intracellular crosstalk that takes place during the development of MDR, we suggest that mapping the specific adaptation pathways underlying cell survival in response to stress and targeting these pathways with potent pharmacologic agents may be a new approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MDR tumors.
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Kopecka J, Gazzano E, Castella B, Salaroglio IC, Mungo E, Massaia M, Riganti C. Mitochondrial metabolism: Inducer or therapeutic target in tumor immune-resistance? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:80-89. [PMID: 31100351 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have been considered for a long time only as the principal source of building blocks and energy upon aerobic conditions. Recently they emerged as key players in cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to therapy. The most aggressive tumors are able to evade the immune-surveillance. Alterations in the mitochondria metabolism either in cancer cells or in host immune system cells are involved in such tumor-induced immune-suppression. This review will focus on the main mitochondrial dysfunctions in tumor and immune cell populations determining immune-resistance, and on the therapies that may target mitochondrial metabolism and restore a powerful anti-tumor immune-activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy; Hematology Division, AO S Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Italy.
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Salaroglio IC, Kopecka J, Napoli F, Pradotto M, Maletta F, Costardi L, Gagliasso M, Milosevic V, Ananthanarayanan P, Bironzo P, Tabbò F, Cartia CF, Passone E, Comunanza V, Ardissone F, Ruffini E, Bussolino F, Righi L, Novello S, Di Maio M, Papotti M, Scagliotti GV, Riganti C. Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Microenvironment in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:1458-1471. [PMID: 31078776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A comprehensive analysis of the immune cell infiltrate collected from pleural fluid and from biopsy specimens of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) may contribute to understanding the immune-evasion mechanisms related to tumor progression, aiding in differential diagnosis and potential prognostic stratification. Until now such approach has not routinely been verified. METHODS We enrolled 275 patients with an initial clinical diagnosis of pleural effusion. Specimens of pleural fluids and pleural biopsy samples used for the pathologic diagnosis and the immune phenotype analyses were blindly investigated by multiparametric flow cytometry. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to correlate immune phenotype data with patients' outcome. RESULTS The cutoffs of intratumor T-regulatory (>1.1%) cells, M2-macrophages (>36%), granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC; >5.1% and 4.2%, respectively), CD4 molecule-positive (CD4+) programmed death 1-positive (PD-1+) (>5.2%) and CD8+PD-1+ (6.4%) cells, CD4+ lymphocyte activating 3-positive (LAG-3+) (>2.8% ) and CD8+LAG-3+ (>2.8%) cells, CD4+ T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3-positive (TIM-3+) (>2.5%), and CD8+TIM-3+ (>2.6%) cells discriminated MPM from pleuritis with 100% sensitivity and 89% specificity. The presence of intratumor MDSC contributed to the anergy of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The immune phenotype of pleural fluid cells had no prognostic significance. By contrast, the intratumor T-regulatory and MDSC levels significantly correlated with progression-free and overall survival, the PD-1+/LAG-3+/TIM-3+ CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes correlated with overall survival. CONCLUSIONS A clear immune signature of pleural fluids and tissues of MPM patients may contribute to better predict patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Napoli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Monica Pradotto
- Thoracic Oncology Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Maletta
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Lorena Costardi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, AOU Città della Salute e Della Scienza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Gagliasso
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Thoracic Oncology Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tabbò
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Thoracic Oncology Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Carlotta F Cartia
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Erika Passone
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, AOU Città della Salute e Della Scienza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Comunanza
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Francesco Ardissone
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Enrico Ruffini
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, AOU Città della Salute e Della Scienza, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO IRCCS, Candiolo, Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Thoracic Oncology Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at AOU Ordine Mauriziano di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio V Scagliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Thoracic Oncology Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Interdepartmental Center "G. Scansetti" for the Study of Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Calorio C, Gavello D, Guarina L, Salio C, Sassoè-Pognetto M, Riganti C, Bianchi FT, Hofer NT, Tuluc P, Obermair GJ, Defilippi P, Balzac F, Turco E, Bett GC, Rasmusson RL, Carbone E. Impaired chromaffin cell excitability and exocytosis in autistic Timothy syndrome TS2-neo mouse rescued by L-type calcium channel blockers. J Physiol 2019; 597:1705-1733. [PMID: 30629744 DOI: 10.1113/jp277487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Tymothy syndrome (TS) is a multisystem disorder featuring cardiac arrhythmias, autism and adrenal gland dysfunction that originates from a de novo point mutation in the gene encoding the Cav1.2 (CACNA1C) L-type channel. To study the role of Cav1.2 channel signals in autism, the autistic TS2-neo mouse has been generated bearing the G406R point-mutation associated with TS type-2. Using heterozygous TS2-neo mice, we report that the G406R mutation reduces the rate of inactivation and shifts leftward the activation and inactivation of L-type channels, causing marked increase of resting Ca2+ influx ('window' Ca2+ current). The increased 'window current' causes marked reduction of NaV channel density, switches normal tonic firing to abnormal burst firing, reduces mitochondrial metabolism, induces cell swelling and decreases catecholamine release. Overnight incubations with nifedipine rescue NaV channel density, normal firing and the quantity of catecholamine released. We provide evidence that chromaffin cell malfunction derives from altered Cav1.2 channel gating. ABSTRACT L-type voltage-gated calcium (Cav1) channels have a key role in long-term synaptic plasticity, sensory transduction, muscle contraction and hormone release. A point mutation in the gene encoding Cav1.2 (CACNA1C) causes Tymothy syndrome (TS), a multisystem disorder featuring cardiac arrhythmias, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and adrenal gland dysfunction. In the more severe type-2 form (TS2), the missense mutation G406R is on exon 8 coding for the IS6-helix of the Cav1.2 channel. The mutation causes reduced inactivation and induces autism. How this occurs and how Cav1.2 gating-changes alter cell excitability, neuronal firing and hormone release on a molecular basis is still largely unknown. Here, using the TS2-neo mouse model of TS we show that the G406R mutation altered excitability and reduced secretory activity in adrenal chromaffin cells (CCs). Specifically, the TS2 mutation reduced the rate of voltage-dependent inactivation and shifted leftward the activation and steady-state inactivation of L-type channels. This markedly increased the resting 'window' Ca2+ current that caused an increased percentage of CCs undergoing abnormal action potential (AP) burst firing, cell swelling, reduced mitochondrial metabolism and decreased catecholamine release. The increased 'window' Ca2+ current caused also decreased NaV channel density and increased steady-state inactivation, which contributed to the increased abnormal burst firing. Overnight incubation with the L-type channel blocker nifedipine rescued the normal AP firing of CCs, the density of functioning NaV channels and their steady-state inactivation. We provide evidence that CC malfunction derives from the altered Cav1.2 channel gating and that dihydropyridines are potential therapeutics for ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Calorio
- Department of Drug Science, NIS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Gavello
- Department of Drug Science, NIS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Guarina
- Department of Drug Science, NIS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Salio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Sassoè-Pognetto
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Nadja T Hofer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Petronel Tuluc
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerald J Obermair
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Balzac
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Glenna C Bett
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Randall L Rasmusson
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Emilio Carbone
- Department of Drug Science, NIS Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Salaroglio IC, Gazzano E, Abdullrahman A, Mungo E, Castella B, Abd-Elrahman GEFAE, Massaia M, Donadelli M, Rubinstein M, Riganti C, Kopecka J. Increasing intratumor C/EBP-β LIP and nitric oxide levels overcome resistance to doxorubicin in triple negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:286. [PMID: 30482226 PMCID: PMC6258159 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) easily develops resistance to the first-line drug doxorubicin, because of the high levels of the drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and the activation of pro-survival pathways dependent on endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Interfering with these mechanisms may overcome the resistance to doxorubicin, a still unmet need in TNBC. METHODS We analyzed a panel of human and murine breast cancer cells for their resistance to doxorubicin, Pgp expression, lysosome and proteasome activity, nitrite production, ER-dependent cell death and immunogenic cell death parameters. We evaluated the efficacy of genetic (C/EBP-β LIP induction) and pharmacological strategies (lysosome and proteasome inhibitors), in restoring the ER-dependent and immunogenic-dependent cell death induced by doxorubicin, in vitro and in syngeneic mice bearing chemoresistant TNBC. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test. RESULTS We found that TNBC cells characterized by high levels of Pgp and resistance to doxorubicin, had low induction of the ER-dependent pro-apoptotic factor C/EBP-β LIP upon doxorubicin treatment and high activities of lysosome and proteasome that constitutively destroyed LIP. The combination of chloroquine and bortezomib restored doxorubicin sensitivity by activating multiple and interconnected mechanisms. First, chloroquine and bortezomib prevented C/EBP-β LIP degradation and activated LIP-dependent CHOP/TRB3/caspase 3 axis in response to doxorubicin. Second, C/EBP-β LIP down-regulated Pgp and up-regulated calreticulin that triggered the dendritic cell (DC)-mediated phagocytosis of tumor cell, followed by the activation of anti-tumor CD8+T-lymphocytes upon doxorubicin treatment. Third, chloroquine and bortezomib increased the endogenous production of nitric oxide that further induced C/EBP-β LIP and inhibited Pgp activity, enhancing doxorubicin's cytotoxicity. In orthotopic models of resistant TNBC, intratumor C/EBP-β LIP induction - achieved by a specific expression vector or by chloroquine and bortezomib - effectively reduced tumor growth and Pgp expression, increased intra-tumor apoptosis and anti-tumor immune-infiltrate, rescuing the efficacy of doxorubicin. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that preventing C/EBP-β LIP degradation by lysosome and proteasome inhibitors triggers multiple virtuous circuitries that restore ER-dependent apoptosis, down-regulate Pgp and re-activate the DC/CD8+T-lymphocytes response against TNBC. Lysosome and proteasome inhibitors associated with doxorubicin may overcome the resistance to the drug in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Ahmad Abdullrahman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gamal Eldein Fathy Abd-Ellatef Abd-Elrahman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.,Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,Hematology Division, AO S Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Menachem Rubinstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Mungo E, Bergandi L, Salaroglio IC, Doublier S. Pyruvate Treatment Restores the Effectiveness of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Pleural Mesothelioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113550. [PMID: 30423827 PMCID: PMC6274794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the idea that a dysfunction in cell metabolism could sustain a resistant phenotype in cancer cells. As the success of chemotherapeutic agents is often questioned by the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR), a multiple cross-resistance towards different anti-cancer drugs represent a major obstacle to cancer treatment. The present study has clarified the involvement of the carbon metabolites in a more aggressive tumor colon adenocarcinoma phenotype and in a chemoresistant mesothelioma, and the role of pyruvate treatment in the reversion of the potentially related resistance. For the first time, we have shown that human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and its chemoresistant counterpart (HT29-dx) displayed different carbon metabolism: HT29-dx cells had a higher glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, whereas human malignant mesothelioma (HMM) cells showed a lower glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, accompanied by a lower pyruvate production and, consequently, a higher production of lactate. When treated with pyruvate, both HT29-dx and HMM cells exhibited a re-established accumulation of doxorubicin and a lower survival ability, a decreased activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) and a restored mitochondrial respiratory chain function, improving the effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic agents in these resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Loredana Bergandi
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Sophie Doublier
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Rosch JG, Brown AL, DuRoss AN, DuRoss EL, Sahay G, Sun C. Nanoalginates via Inverse-Micelle Synthesis: Doxorubicin-Encapsulation and Breast Cancer Cytotoxicity. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:350. [PMID: 30392055 PMCID: PMC6215536 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinked-biopolymer nanoparticles provide a convenient platform for therapeutic encapsulation and delivery. Here, we present a robust inverse-micelle process to load water-soluble drugs into a calcium-crosslinked alginate matrix. The utility of the resulting nanoalginate (NALG) carriers was assessed by a doxorubicin (DOX) formulation (NALG-DOX) and evaluating its potency on breast cancer cells (4T1). This facile synthesis process produced doxorubicin-containing particles of ~ 83 nm by hydrodynamic size and zeta potential ~ 7.2 mV. The cyclohexane/dodecylamine microemulsion yielded uniform and spherical nanoparticles as observed by electron microscopy. The uptake of the drug from the NALG-DOX formulation in 4T1 cells was observed by fluorescence microscopy employing doxorubicin's inherent fluorescence. Therapeutic efficacy of the NALG-DOX against 4T1 cells was demonstrated qualitatively through a LIVE/DEAD fluorescence assay and quantitatively via cell viability assay (Alamar Blue). In addition, IC50 values were determined, with encapsulated doxorubicin having a slightly higher value. No toxicity of the empty NALG carrier was observed. Overall, these results demonstrate the utility of this synthesis process for encapsulation of hydrophilic therapeutics and NALG to function as a drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G. Rosch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Allison N. DuRoss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Erin L. DuRoss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Conroy Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
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Oroojalian F, Babaei M, Taghdisi SM, Abnous K, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. Encapsulation of Thermo-responsive Gel in pH-sensitive Polymersomes as Dual-Responsive Smart carriers for Controlled Release of Doxorubicin. J Control Release 2018; 288:45-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Gazzano E, Lazzarato L, Rolando B, Kopecka J, Guglielmo S, Costamagna C, Chegaev K, Riganti C. Mitochondrial Delivery of Phenol Substructure Triggers Mitochondrial Depolarization and Apoptosis of Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:580. [PMID: 29915539 PMCID: PMC5994430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor chemotherapy remains one of the most important challenge of the medicinal chemistry. Emerging research in chemotherapy is focused on exploiting the biochemical differences between cancer cell and normal cell metabolism in order to reduce the side effects and increase antitumor therapy efficacy. The higher mitochondrial transmembrane potential of cancer cells compared to not-transformed cells favors the intra-mitochondrial accumulation of cationic drugs in the former. This feature could be exploited to allow selective delivery of antineoplastic drugs to the cancer cells. In this work we designed and synthetized phenol derivatives joined to the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation, a well-known vector for mitochondrial targeting. Two designed phenol TPP-derivatives 1 and 2 show remarkable cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines, but were less toxic against normal cells. The differential cytotoxicity relied on the higher mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative-phosphorylation metabolism of the former. By reducing mitochondrial mass and energetic metabolism, and increasing at the same time the levels of intra-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, phenol TPP-derivatives 1 and 2 induced mitochondria depolarization and triggered a caspase 9/3-mediated apoptosis, limited to cancer cells. This work provides the rationale to further develop phenol TPP-derivatives targeting mitochondria as new and selective anticancer tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Guglielmo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Konstantin Chegaev
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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36
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Sodano F, Rolando B, Spyrakis F, Failla M, Lazzarato L, Gazzano E, Riganti C, Fruttero R, Gasco A, Sortino S. Tuning the Hydrophobicity of a Mitochondria-Targeted NO Photodonor. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1238-1245. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sodano
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Mariacristina Failla
- Laboratory of Photochemistry; Department of Drug Sciences; University of Catania; 95125 Catania Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology; University of Torino; Via Santena 5/bis 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology; University of Torino; Via Santena 5/bis 10126 Torino Italy
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Alberto Gasco
- Department of Science and Drug Technology; University of Torino; Via Pietro Giuria 9 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- Laboratory of Photochemistry; Department of Drug Sciences; University of Catania; 95125 Catania Italy
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Nanometronomic treatment of 4T1 breast cancer with nanocaged doxorubicin prevents drug resistance and circumvents cardiotoxicity. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8383-8396. [PMID: 28039473 PMCID: PMC5352408 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic treatment of breast cancer is based on maximum tolerated dose (MTD) approach. However, advanced stage tumors are not effectively eradicated by MTD owing to suboptimal drug targeting, onset of therapeutic resistance and neoangiogenesis. In contrast, “metronomic” chemotherapy is based on frequent drug administrations at lower doses, resulting in neovascularization inhibition and induction of tumor dormancy. Here we show the potential of H-ferritin (HFn)-mediated targeted nanodelivery of metronomic doxorubicin (DOX) in the setting of a highly aggressive and metastatic 4T1 breast cancer mouse model with DOX-inducible expression of chemoresistance. We find that HFn-DOX administered at repeated doses of 1.24 mg kg−1 strongly improves the antitumor potential of DOX chemotherapy arresting the tumor progression. We find that such a potent antitumor effect is attributable to multiple nanodrug actions beyond cell killing, including inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and avoidance of chemoresistance. Multiparametric assessment of heart tissues, including histology, ultrastructural analysis of tissue morphology, and measurement of markers of reactive oxygen species and hepatic/renal conditions, provided evidence that metronomic HFn-DOX allowed us to overcome cardiotoxicity. Our results suggest that HFn-DOX has tremendous potential for the development of “nanometronomic” chemotherapy toward safe and tailored oncological treatments.
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38
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Kopecka J, Rankin GM, Salaroglio IC, Poulsen SA, Riganti C. P-glycoprotein-mediated chemoresistance is reversed by carbonic anhydrase XII inhibitors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85861-85875. [PMID: 27811376 PMCID: PMC5349880 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase XII (CAXII) is a membrane enzyme that maintains pH homeostasis and sustains optimum P-glycoprotein (Pgp) efflux activity in cancer cells. Here, we investigated a panel of eight CAXII inhibitors (compounds 1–8), for their potential to reverse Pgp mediated tumor cell chemoresistance. Inhibitors (5 nM) were screened in human and murine cancer cells (colon, lung, breast, bone) with different expression levels of CAXII and Pgp. We identified three CAXII inhibitors (compounds 1, 2 and 4) that significantly (≥ 2 fold) increased the intracellular retention of the Pgp-substrate and chemotherapeutic doxorubicin, and restored its cytotoxic activity. The inhibitors lowered intracellular pH to indirectly impair Pgp activity. Ca12-knockout assays confirmed that the chemosensitizing property of the compounds was dependent on active CAXII. Furthermore, in a preclinical model of drug-resistant breast tumors compound 1 (1900 ng/kg) restored the efficacy of doxorubicin to the same extent as the direct Pgp inhibitor tariquidar. The expression of carbonic anhydrase IX had no effect on the intracellular doxorubicin accumulation. Our work provides strong evidence that CAXII inhibitors are effective chemosensitizer agents in CAXII-positive and Pgp-positive cancer cells. The use of CAXII inhibitors may represent a turning point in combinatorial chemotherapeutic schemes to treat multidrug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Gregory M Rankin
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | | | - Sally-Ann Poulsen
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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39
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Kopecka J, Porto S, Lusa S, Gazzano E, Salzano G, Pinzòn-Daza ML, Giordano A, Desiderio V, Ghigo D, De Rosa G, Caraglia M, Riganti C. Zoledronic acid-encapsulating self-assembling nanoparticles and doxorubicin: a combinatorial approach to overcome simultaneously chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20753-72. [PMID: 26980746 PMCID: PMC4991490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to chemotherapy and the tumor escape from host immunosurveillance are the main causes of the failure of anthracycline-based regimens in breast cancer, where an effective chemo-immunosensitizing strategy is lacking. The clinically used aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) reverses chemoresistance and immunoresistance in vitro. Previously we developed a nanoparticle-based zoledronic acid-containing formulation (NZ) that allowed a higher intratumor delivery of the drug compared with free ZA in vivo. We tested its efficacy in combination with doxorubicin in breast tumors refractory to chemotherapy and immune system recognition as a new combinatorial approach to produce chemo- and immunosensitization. NZ reduced the IC50 of doxorubicin in human and murine chemoresistant breast cancer cells and restored the doxorubicin efficacy against chemo-immunoresistant tumors implanted in immunocompetent mice. By reducing the metabolic flux through the mevalonate pathway, NZ lowered the activity of Ras/ERK1/2/HIF-1α axis and the expression of P-glycoprotein, decreased the glycolysis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain, induced a cytochrome c/caspase 9/caspase 3-dependent apoptosis, thus restoring the direct cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin on tumor cell. Moreover, NZ restored the doxorubicin-induced immunogenic cell death and reversed the tumor-induced immunosuppression due to the production of kynurenine, by inhibiting the STAT3/indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase axis. These events increased the number of dendritic cells and decreased the number of immunosuppressive T-regulatory cells infiltrating the tumors. Our work proposes the use of nanoparticle encapsulating zoledronic acid as an effective tool overcoming at the same time chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors, thanks to the effects exerted on tumor cell and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Porto
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Lusa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Salzano
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Leonor Pinzòn-Daza
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, RG in Biochemistry and Biotechnology (BIO-BIO), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Ghigo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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40
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Bouvy C, Wannez A, Laloy J, Chatelain C, Dogné JM. Transfer of multidrug resistance among acute myeloid leukemia cells via extracellular vesicles and their microRNA cargo. Leuk Res 2017; 62:70-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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Brosseau N, Andreev E, Ramotar D. Uptake Assays to Monitor Anthracyclines Entry into Mammalian Cells. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2555. [PMID: 34541201 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin and daunorubicin, are DNA damaging agents that autofluoresce and can be readily detected in cells. Herein, we developed suitable assays to quantify and localize daunorubicin in mammalian cells. These assays can be exploited to identify components that are involved in the uptake of anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Brosseau
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, and the Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emil Andreev
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, and the Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dindial Ramotar
- Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, and the Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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42
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The quinone-based derivative, HMNQ induces apoptotic and autophagic cell death by modulating reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99637-99648. [PMID: 29245930 PMCID: PMC5725121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HMNQ), a natural compound isolated from the bark of Juglans sinensis Dode, displays cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism of the anticancer effect is unclear. In this study, we examined the cytotoxic mechanism of HMNQ at the molecular level in human cancer cells. Cells were treated with HMNQ in a dose- or time-dependent manner. HMNQ treatment inhibited cell viability, colony formation and cell migration, indicating that HMNQ induced cancer cell death. HMNQ-treated cells resulted in apoptotic cell death through PARP-1 cleavage, Bax upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation. HMNQ was also observed to induce autophagy by upregulating Beclin-1 and LC3. Furthermore, HMNQ induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was attenuated by the ROS scavengers, NAC and GSH. Finally, HMNQ increased expression of JNK phosphorylation and the JNK inhibitor SP600125 rescued HMNQ-induced cell death, suggesting that the cytotoxicity of HMNQ is mediated by the JNK signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings show that HMNQ exhibits anticancer activity through induction of ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in human cancer cells. These data suggest the potential value of HMNQ as a natural anticancer drug.
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43
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Di Y, Ji S, Wolf P, Krol ES, Alcorn J. Enterolactone glucuronide and β-glucuronidase in antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy for targeted prostate cancer cell treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2336-2345. [PMID: 28116598 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from preclinical and animal studies demonstrated an anticancer effect of flaxseed lignans, particularly enterolactone (ENL), against prostate cancer. However, extensive first-pass metabolism following oral lignan consumption results in their systemic availability primarily as glucuronic acid conjugates (ENL-Gluc) and their modest in vivo effects. To overcome the unfavorable pharmacokinetics and improve their effectiveness in prostate cancer, antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) might offer a novel strategy to allow for restricted activation of ENL from circulating ENL-Gluc within the tumor environment. The anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antibody D7 was fused with human β-glucuronidase (hβG) via a flexible linker. The binding property of the fusion construct, D7-hβG, against purified or cell surface PSMA was determined by flow cytometry and Octet Red 384 system, respectively, with a binding rate constant, K d, of 2.5 nM. The enzymatic activity of D7-hβG was first tested using the probe, 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronide. A 3.8-fold greater fluorescence intensity was observed at pH 4.5 at 2 h compared with pH 7.4. The ability of D7-hβG to activate ENL from ENL-Gluc was tested and detected using LC-MS/MS. Enhanced generation of ENL was observed with increasing ENL-Gluc concentrations and reached 3613.2 ng/mL following incubation with 100 μM ENL-Gluc at pH 4.5 for 0.5 h. D7-hβG also decreased docetaxel IC50 value from 23 nM to 14.9 nM in C4-2 cells. These results confirmed the binding and activity of D7-hβG and additional in vitro investigation is needed to support the future possibility of introducing this ADEPT system to animal models.
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44
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Pascale F, Fazel A, Namur J, Ghegediban SH, D'Inca H, Wassef M, Moine L, Laurent A. Laparoscopic subperitoneal injection of chemo-loaded particles lowers tumor growth on a rabbit model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698381. [PMID: 28459372 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of controlled-release chemotherapy on the growth and viability of peritoneal carcinomatosis treated by subperitoneal injection in a rabbit VX2 model. A model of peritoneal carcinomatosis was created by laparoscopic injection of VX2 tumor in the left and right broad ligaments of 12 White New Zealand rabbits. At day 12, each tumor was randomly treated with a peritumoral injection of 0.5 mL microspheres loaded with doxorubicin (DEM-DOX) or unloaded (DEM-BLAND). Seven days after treatment, tumor volume, tumor viability in histology, local tumor necrosis in contact with DEM, and doxorubicin concentration profile around the drug eluting microspheres (DEM) were measured. Tumor volume was significantly lower in the DEM-DOX group (3.6 ± 3.2 cm3) compared with the DEM-BLAND group (8.9 ± 5.4 cm3) (p = 0.0425). The percentage of viable tumor tissue was significantly lower in the DEM-DOX group (38% ± 17%) compared with the DEM-BLAND group (56% ± 20%) (p = 0.0202). Tissue necrosis was observed around all DEM-DOX up to a distance of 1.094 ± 0.852 mm and never observed around DEM-BLAND. Drug concentration was above the therapeutic level of 1.0 µM up to a distance of 1.4 mm from the DEM to the tumor. Laparoscopic subperitoneal injection of chemo-loaded particles is feasible and lowers tumor growth and viability in a rabbit model of peritoneal carcinomatosis after 1 week.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hadrian D'Inca
- 3 MeDIAN, UMR 6237 MEDyC, CNRS-Pharmacy University, Reims, France
| | | | - Laurence Moine
- 4 Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Alexandre Laurent
- 1 ArchimMed, Jouy en Josas, France.,2 Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,6 Cr2i, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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45
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Feng Q, Liu J, Li X, Chen Q, Sun J, Shi X, Ding B, Yu H, Li Y, Jiang X. One-Step Microfluidic Synthesis of Nanocomplex with Tunable Rigidity and Acid-Switchable Surface Charge for Overcoming Drug Resistance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603109. [PMID: 27943612 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR), is the key reason accounting for the failure of cancer chemotherapy, remains a dramatic challenge for cancer therapy. In this study, the one-step microfluidic fabrication of a rigid pH-sensitive micellar nanocomplex (RPN) with tunable rigidity and acid-switchable surface charge for overcoming MDR by enhancing cellular uptake and lysosome escape is demonstrated. The RPN is composed of a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and a pH-sensitive copolymer shell, which is of neutral surface charge during blood circulation. Upon internalization of RPN by cancer cells, the pH-responsive shell dissociates inside the acidic lysosomes, while the rigid and positively charged PLGA core improves the lysosomal escape. The cellular uptake and nuclear uptake of doxorubicin (Dox) from Dox-loaded RPN are 1.6 and 2.4 times higher than that from Dox-loaded pH-sensitive micelles (PM) using a Dox-resistant cancer model (MCF-7/ADR, re-designated NCI/ADR-RES) in vitro. Dox-loaded RPN significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy (92% inhibition of tumor growth) against MCF-7/ADR xenograft tumor in mice, while Dox-loaded PM only inhibits the tumor growth by 36%. RPN avoids the use of complicated synthesis procedure of nanoparticle and the necessary to integrate multiple components, which can facilitate the clinical translation of this novel nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xuanyu Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiashu Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Baoquan Ding
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology and CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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46
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Concepts, technologies, and practices for drug delivery past the blood–brain barrier to the central nervous system. J Control Release 2016; 240:251-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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47
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Buondonno I, Gazzano E, Jean SR, Audrito V, Kopecka J, Fanelli M, Salaroglio IC, Costamagna C, Roato I, Mungo E, Hattinger CM, Deaglio S, Kelley SO, Serra M, Riganti C. Mitochondria-Targeted Doxorubicin: A New Therapeutic Strategy against Doxorubicin-Resistant Osteosarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2640-2652. [PMID: 27466354 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is one of the leading drugs for osteosarcoma standard chemotherapy. A total of 40% to 45% of high-grade osteosarcoma patients are unresponsive, or only partially responsive, to doxorubicin (Dox), due to the overexpression of the drug efflux transporter ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The aim of this work is to improve Dox-based regimens in resistant osteosarcomas. We used a chemically modified mitochondria-targeted Dox (mtDox) against Pgp-overexpressing osteosarcomas with increased resistance to Dox. Unlike Dox, mtDox accumulated at significant levels intracellularly, exerted cytotoxic activity, and induced necrotic and immunogenic cell death in Dox-resistant/Pgp-overexpressing cells, fully reproducing the activities exerted by anthracyclines in drug-sensitive tumors. mtDox reduced tumor growth and cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, primed tumor cells for recognition by the host immune system, and was less cardiotoxic than Dox in preclinical models of drug-resistant osteosarcoma. The increase in Dox resistance was paralleled by a progressive upregulation of mitochondrial metabolism. By widely modulating the expression of mitochondria-related genes, mtDox decreased mitochondrial biogenesis, the import of proteins and metabolites within mitochondria, mitochondrial metabolism, and the synthesis of ATP. These events were paralleled by increased reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial depolarization, and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in resistant osteosarcoma cells, where Dox was completely ineffective. We propose mtDox as a new effective agent with a safer toxicity profile compared with Dox that may be effective for the treatment of Dox-resistant/Pgp-positive osteosarcoma patients, who strongly need alternative and innovative treatment strategies. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2640-52. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sae Rin Jean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Valentina Audrito
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marilù Fanelli
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Ilaria Roato
- Center for Research and Experimental Medicine (Ce.R.M.S.), San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia M Hattinger
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Torino, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Massimo Serra
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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48
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Peng T, Liu K, Gao L, Gao L, Chen J, Wang J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yan Z, Yu L. Poly (l-γ-glutamylglutamine) Polymer Enhances Doxorubicin Accumulation in Multidrug Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060720. [PMID: 27271578 PMCID: PMC6272971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Drug resistance is one of the bottlenecks of cancer chemotherapy in the clinic. Polymeric nanomedicine is one of the most promising strategies for overcoming poor chemotherapy responses due to the multidrug resistance (MDR). Methods: In this study, a new polymer-based drug delivery system, poly (l-γ-glutamylglutamine)-doxorubicin (PGG-Dox) conjugate, was studied in both drug-induced resistant human breast cancer MDA-MB-231/MDR cells and their parent human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The effect of PGG on facilitating the growth inhibition of Dox against multidrug resistant cells were investigated by evaluating the cytotoxicity of PGG-Dox conjugate, PGG/Dox unconjugated complex and free Dox on both cells. The underlying mechanisms in resistant cells were further studied via the intracellular traffic studies. Results: Both conjugated and unconjugated PGG significantly increased Dox uptake, prolonged Dox retention and reduced Dox efflux in the MDA-MB-231/MDR cells. The PGG-Dox conjugate is taken up by tumor cells mainly by pinocytosis pathway, in which PGG-Dox conjugate-containing vesicles are formed and enter the cells. Conclusions: This study indicated that both polymer-drug conjugate and unconjugated complex are promising strategies of overcoming resistance of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Kai Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Liefang Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Lipeng Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education & PLA, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yiting Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Chegaev K, Rolando B, Cortese D, Gazzano E, Buondonno I, Lazzarato L, Fanelli M, Hattinger CM, Serra M, Riganti C, Fruttero R, Ghigo D, Gasco A. H2S-Donating Doxorubicins May Overcome Cardiotoxicity and Multidrug Resistance. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4881-9. [PMID: 27120394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOXO) is one of the most effective antineoplastic agents in clinical practice. Its use is limited by acute and chronic side effects, in particular by its cardiotoxicity and by the rapid development of resistance to it. As part of a program aimed at developing new DOXO derivatives endowed with reduced cardiotoxicity, and active against DOXO-resistant tumor cells, a series of H2S-releasing DOXOs (H2S-DOXOs) were obtained by combining DOXO with appropriate H2S donor substructures. The resulting compounds were studied on H9c2 cardiomyocytes and in DOXO-sensitive U-2OS osteosarcoma cells, as well as in related cell variants with increasing degrees of DOXO-resistance. Differently from DOXO, most of the products were not toxic at 5 μM concentration on H9c2 cells. A few of them triggered high activity on the cancer cells. H2S-DOXOs 10 and 11 emerged as the most interesting members of the series. The capacity of 10 to impair Pgp transporter is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Chegaev
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Cortese
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino , via Santena, 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ilaria Buondonno
- Department of Oncology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino , via Santena, 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marilù Fanelli
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit , via G. C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia M Hattinger
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit , via G. C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Serra
- Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit , via G. C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino , via Santena, 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Ghigo
- Department of Oncology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), University of Torino , via Santena, 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Gasco
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
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50
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Tursynbay Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Tokay T, Zhumadilov Z, Wu D, Xie Y. Pim-1 kinase as cancer drug target: An update. Biomed Rep 2015; 4:140-146. [PMID: 26893828 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (Pim-1) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates multiple cellular functions such as cell cycle, cell survival, drug resistance. Aberrant elevation of Pim-1 kinase is associated with numerous types of cancer. Two distinct isoforms of Pim-1 (Pim-1S and Pim-1L) show distinct cellular functions. Pim-1S predominately localizes to the nucleus and Pim-1L localizes to plasma membrane for drug resistance. Recent studies show that mitochondrial Pim-1 maintains mitochondrial integrity. Pim-1 is emerging as a cancer drug target, particularly in prostate cancer. Recently the potent new functions of Pim-1 in immunotherapy, senescence bypass, metastasis and epigenetic dynamics have been found. The aim of the present updated review is to provide brief information regarding networks of Pim-1 kinase and focus on its recent advances as a novel drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yernar Tursynbay
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University School of Science and Technology, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Jinfu Zhang
- Institute of International Medical Research, Department of Urology and Andrology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Tursonjan Tokay
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Zhaxybay Zhumadilov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tong Ji Hospital, Tong Ji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University School of Science and Technology, Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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