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Zhao Q, Han B, Peng C, Zhang N, Huang W, He G, Li JL. A promising future of metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in medicinal chemistry: The emerging bioorganometallic antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:2194-2235. [PMID: 38591229 DOI: 10.1002/med.22039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have emerged as promising broad-spectrum antitumor agents in bioorganometallic medicinal chemistry. In recent decades, studies on cytotoxic metal-NHC complexes have yielded numerous compounds exhibiting superior cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin. Although the molecular mechanisms of these anticancer complexes are not fully understood, some potential targets and modes of action have been identified. However, a comprehensive review of their biological mechanisms is currently absent. In general, apoptosis caused by metal-NHCs is common in tumor cells. They can cause a series of changes after entering cells, such as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) variation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cytochrome c (cyt c) release, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, lysosome damage, and caspase activation, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the influence of metal-NHCs on cancer cell apoptosis is crucial. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent advances in metal-NHC complexes that trigger apoptotic cell death via different apoptosis-related targets or signaling pathways, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2 family), p53, cyt c, ER stress, lysosome damage, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition, and so forth. We also discuss the challenges, limitations, and future directions of metal-NHC complexes to elucidate their emerging application in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology & Venerolog, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Anti-Infective Agent Creation Engineering Research Centre of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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Yu FF, Yu SY, Sun L, Zuo J, Luo KT, Wang M, Fu XL, Zhang F, Huang H, Zhou GY, Wang YJ, Ba Y. T-2 toxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes via the p53-cyclophilin D pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133090. [PMID: 38039814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Kashin-Beck disease is an endemic joint disease characterized by deep chondrocyte necrosis, and T-2 toxin exposure has been confirmed its etiology. This study investigated mechanism of T-2 toxin inducing mitochondrial dysfunction of chondrocytes through p53-cyclophilin D (CypD) pathway. The p53 signaling pathway was significantly enriched in T-2 toxin response genes from GeneCards. We demonstrated the upregulation of the p53 protein and p53-CypD complex in rat articular cartilage and ATDC5 cells induced by T-2 toxin. Transmission electron microscopy showed the damaged mitochondrial structure of ATDC5 cells induced by T-2 toxin. Furthermore, it can lead to overopening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species generation in ATDC5 cells. Pifithrin-α, the p53 inhibitor, alleviated the increased p53-CypD complex and mitochondrial dysfunction of chondrocytes induced by T-2 toxin, suggesting that p53 played an important role in T-2 toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, T-2 toxin can activate the p53 protein, which can be transferred to the mitochondrial membrane and form a complex with CypD. The increased binding of p53 and CypD mediated the excessive opening of mPTP, changed mitochondrial membrane permeability, and ultimately induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shui-Yuan Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Juan Zuo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Kang-Ting Luo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Li Fu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Guo-Yu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yan-Jie Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Chen D, Ermine K, Wang YJ, Chen X, Lu X, Wang P, Beer-Stolz D, Yu J, Zhang L. PUMA/RIP3 Mediates Chemotherapy Response via Necroptosis and Local Immune Activation in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:354-367. [PMID: 37992761 PMCID: PMC10932881 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Induction of programmed cell death (PCD) is a key cytotoxic effect of anticancer therapies. PCD is not confined to caspase-dependent apoptosis, but includes necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death controlled by receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinases 1 and 3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) pseudokinase. Necroptosis functions as a defense mechanism against oncogenic mutations and pathogens and can be induced by a variety of anticancer agents. However, the functional role and regulatory mechanisms of necroptosis in anticancer therapy are poorly understood. In this study, we found that RIP3-dependent but RIP1-independent necroptosis is engaged by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and other widely used antimetabolite drugs, and functions as a major mode of cell death in a subset of colorectal cancer cells that express RIP3. We identified a novel 5-FU-induced necroptosis pathway involving p53-mediated induction of the BH3-only Bcl-2 family protein, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), which promotes cytosolic release of mitochondrial DNA and stimulates its sensor z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) to activate RIP3. PUMA/RIP3-dependent necroptosis mediates the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of 5-FU and promotes a robust antitumor immune response. Our findings provide a rationale for stimulating necroptosis to enhance tumor cell killing and antitumor immune response leading to improved colorectal cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kaylee Ermine
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yi-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Donna Beer-Stolz
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jian Yu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA
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Gurunathan S, Ajmani A, Kim JH. Extracellular nanovesicles produced by Bacillus licheniformis: A potential anticancer agent for breast and lung cancer. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106396. [PMID: 37863272 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public burden and leading cause of death worldwide; furthermore, it is a significant barrier to increasing life expectancy in most countries of the world. Among various types of cancers, breast and lung cancers lead to significant mortality in both males and females annually. Bacteria-derived products have been explored for their use in cancer therapy. Although bacteria contain significant amounts of anticancer substances, attenuated bacteria may still pose a potential risk for infection owing to the variety of immunomodulatory molecules present in the parental bacteria; therefore, non-cellular bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which are naturally non-replicating, safer, and are considered to be potential anticancer agents, are preferred for cancer therapy. Gram-positive bacteria actively secrete cytoplasmic membrane vesicles that are spherical and vary between 10 and 400 nm in size. However, no studies have considered cytoplasmic membrane vesicles derived from Bacillus licheniformisin cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the potential use of B. licheniformis extracellular nanovesicles (BENVs) as therapeutic agents to treat cancer. Purified BENVs from the culture supernatant of B. licheniformis using ultracentrifugation and ExoQuick were characterized using a series of analytical techniques. Human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) and lung cancer cells (A549) were treated with different concentrations of purified BENVs, which inhibited the cell viability and proliferation, and increased cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of BENVs, the oxidative stress markers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. The ROS levels were significantly higher in BENV-treated cells, whereas the GSH levels were markedly reduced. Cells treated with BENVs, doxorubicin (DOX), or a combination of BENVs and DOX showed significantly increased expression of p53, p21, caspase-9/3, and Bax, and concomitantly decreased expression of Bcl-2. The combination of BENVs and doxorubicin enhanced mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, and apoptosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the anticancer properties of BENVs derived from industrially significant probacteria on breast and lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, RathinamTechzone Campus, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Abhishek Ajmani
- Institute of Advanced Virology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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Mao W, Wang Z, Wen S, Lin Y, Gu J, Sun J, Wang H, Cao Q, Xu Y, Xu X, Cai X. LRRC8A promotes Glaesserella parasuis cytolethal distending toxin-induced p53-dependent apoptosis in NPTr cells. Virulence 2023; 14:2287339. [PMID: 38018865 PMCID: PMC10732598 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2287339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis is an early colonizer of the swine upper respiratory tract and can break through the respiratory barrier for further invasion. However, the mechanisms underlying G. parasuis increases epithelial barrier permeability remain unclear. This study demonstrates that G. parasuis cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) induces p53-dependent apoptosis in new-born piglet tracheal (NPTr) cells. Moreover, we report for the first time that leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 8A (LRRC8A), an essential subunit of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC), involves in apoptosis of NPTr cells mediated by G. parasuis CDT. Pharmacological inhibition of VRAC with either PPQ-102 or NS3728 largely attenuated CDT-induced apoptosis in NPTr cells. Additionally, experiments with cells knocked down for LRRC8A using small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) or knocked out LRRC8A using CRISPR/Cas9 technology showed a significant reduction in CDT-induced apoptosis. Conversely, re-expression of Sus scrofa LRRC8A in LRRC8A-/- NPTr cells efficiently complemented the CDT-induced apoptosis. In summary, these findings suggest that LRRC8A is pivotal for G. parasuis CDT-induced apoptosis, providing novel insights into the mechanism of apoptosis caused by CDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siting Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayun Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Ju Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yindi Xu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuwang Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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Rius-Pérez S. p53 at the crossroad between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and necroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:183-193. [PMID: 37481144 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
p53 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that can regulate multiple cell death programs through different signaling pathways. In this review, we assess the role of p53 in the regulation of necroptosis, a programmed form of lytic cell death highly involved in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases. In particular, we focus on the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) as essential contributors to modulate necroptosis execution through p53. The enhanced generation of mtROS during necroptosis is critical for the correct interaction between receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and 3 (RIPK3), two key components of the functional necrosome. p53 controls the occurrence of necroptosis by modulating the levels of mitochondrial H2O2 via peroxiredoxin 3 and sulfiredoxin. Furthermore, in response to increased levels of H2O2, p53 upregulates the long non-coding RNA necrosis-related factor, favoring the translation of RIPK1 and RIPK3. In parallel, a fraction of cytosolic p53 migrates into mitochondria, a process notably involved in necroptosis execution via its interaction with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. In conclusion, p53 is located at the intersection between mtROS and the necroptosis machinery, making it a key protein to orchestrate redox signaling during necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100, Valencia, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Sun YF, Chen L, Xia QJ, Wang TH. Identification of necroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs prognostic signature and the crucial lncRNA in bladder cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10217-10234. [PMID: 37269345 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04886-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the relationships between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and cancer is attractive and has progressed very rapidly. Necroptosis-related biomarkers can potentially be used for predicting the prognosis of cancer patients. This study aimed to establish a necroptosis-related lncRNA (NPlncRNA) signature to predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer (BCa). METHODS First, NPlncRNAs were identified using Pearson correlation analysis and machine learning algorithms, including SVM-RFE, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and random forest. The prognostic NPlncRNA signature was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and the diagnostic efficacy and clinically predictive efficiency were evaluated and validated. The biological functions of the signature were analysed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and functional enrichment analysis. We further integrated the RNA-seq dataset (GSE133624) with our outcomes to reveal the crucial NPlncRNA that was functionally verified by assessing cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis in BCa cells. RESULTS The prognostic NPlncRNAs signature was composed of PTOV1-AS2, AC083862.2, MAFG-DT, AC074117.1, AL049840.3, and AC078778.1, and a risk score based on this signature was proven to be an independent prognostic factor for the BCa patients, indicated by poor overall survival (OS) of patients in the high-risk group. Additionally, the NPlncRNAs signature had a higher diagnostic validity than that of other clinicopathological variables, with a greater area under the receptor operating characteristic and concordance index curves. A nomogram established by integrating clinical variables and risk score confirmed that the signature can accurately predict the OS of patients and has high clinical practicability. Functional enrichment analysis and GSEA revealed that some cancer-related and necroptosis-related pathways were enriched in high-risk groups. The crucial NPlncRNA MAFG-DT was associated with poor prognosis and was highly expressed in BCa cells. MAFG-DT silencing notably inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of BCa cells. CONCLUSIONS A novel prognostic NPlncRNAs signature was identified in BCa in this study, which provides potential therapeutic targets among which MAFG-DT plays critical roles in the tumorigenesis of BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qing-Jie Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Laboratory Animal Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650031, China.
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Zhou J, Qin X, Li L, Tian D, Zou Z, Gu Z, Su L. Heat stress-induced intestinal epithelial cells necroptosis via TLR3-TRIF-RIP3 pathway was dependent on p53. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110574. [PMID: 37421775 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heatstroke is a life-threatening disease. Present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism in heat induced intestinal epithelial cell death. METHOD Heat stress in vitro model was established on IEC cells with 42℃ for 2 h. Caspase-8 inhibitor, Caspase-3 inhibitor, RIP3 inhibitor, TLR3 agonist, poly(I:C) and p53 knockdown were used to determine the signaling pathway. Heatstroke in vivo model was established on C57BL/6 mice, with a temperature of 35.5℃±0.5℃ and a relative humidity of 60% ± 5%. The intestine necroptosis and inflammatory cytokines were measured. Pifithrin α (3 mg/kg) and p53 knockout mice were used to evaluate the role of p53. RESULTS Heat stress-induced reduction of cell viability was remarkable reversed by RIP3 inhibitor. Heat stress induced upregulation of TLR3 and facilitate the formation of TRIF-RIP3 complex. The heat stress induced upregulation of RIP3 and p-RIP3 were normalized by the deletion of p53. Meanwhile, p53 knockout decreased TLR3 expression and blocked the formation of TLR3-TRIF complex. The deletion of p53 blocked the decreased cell viability and restored the activation of RIP3-MLKL signaling after heat stress, however, which were abolished by re-expression of p53 via Tp53 OE. Increased the expression of TLR3 in the p53-deficient cells could not affect the heat stress induced necrotic cell death, which suggests that heat stress induced necroptosis via TLR3-TRIF-RIP3 signaling pathway is dependent on p53. CONCLUSION Heat stress promoted p53 phosphorylation, then upregulated TLR3 and enhanced the interaction of TRIF-RIP3, which would activate the RIP3-MLKL signaling pathway to mediate necroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Xihe Qin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou 510515, China; Eusyn Medical Technology Company, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Treatment Center for Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Afliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Tian
- Oncology Department, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Zhimin Zou
- Department of Treatment Center for Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Afliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengtao Gu
- Department of Treatment Center for Traumatic Injuries, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Academy of Orthopedics of Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Afliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Su
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
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Balaji S, Neupane R, Malla S, Khupse R, Amawi H, Kumari S, Tukaramrao DB, Chattopadhyay S, Ashby CR, Boddu SHS, Karthikeyan C, Trivedi P, Raman D, Tiwari AK. IND-2, a Quinoline Derivative, Inhibits the Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Inducing Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inhibiting Topoisomerase II. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111879. [PMID: 36431014 PMCID: PMC9693996 DOI: 10.3390/life12111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In men, prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer, causing an estimated 375,000 deaths globally. Currently, existing therapies for the treatment of PC, notably metastatic cases, have limited efficacy due to drug resistance and problematic adverse effects. Therefore, it is imperative to discover and develop novel drugs for treating PC that are efficacious and do not produce intolerable adverse or toxic effects. Condensed quinolines are naturally occurring anticancer compounds. In this study, we determined the in vitro efficacy of IND-2 (4-chloro-2-methylpyrimido[1″,2″:1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolone) in the PC lines, PC-3 and DU-145. IND-2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 and DU-145, with IC50 values of 3 µM and 3.5 µM, respectively. The incubation of PC-3 cells with 5 and 10 µM of IND-2 caused the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential in PC-3 cells. Furthermore, IND-2, at 5 µM, increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The incubation of PC-3 cells with 5 µM of IND-2 significantly decreased the expression of the apoptotic protein, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Furthermore, 5 and 10 µM of IND-2 produced morphological changes in PC-3 cells characteristic of apoptosis. Interestingly, IND-2 (2.5, 5 and 10 µM) also induced mitotic catastrophe in PC-3 cells, characterized by the accumulation of multinuclei. The incubation of DU-145 cells with 1.25 and 5 μM of IND-2 significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, IND-2, at 10 μM, inhibited the catalytic activity of topoisomerase IIα. Overall, our findings suggest that IND-2 could be a potential lead compound for the development of more efficacious compounds for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnaa Balaji
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rabin Neupane
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Saloni Malla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rahul Khupse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Findlay, Findlay, OH 43551, USA
| | - Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Diwakar Bastihalli Tukaramrao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Srestha Chattopadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY 11432, USA
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandrabose Karthikeyan
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak 484887, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- Center for Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dayanidhi Raman
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-419-383-1913
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Alimba CG, Sivanesan S, Krishnamurthi K. Mitochondrial dysfunctions elicited by solid waste leachates provide insights into mechanisms of leachates induced cell death and pathophysiological disorders. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136085. [PMID: 36007733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emissions (mainly leachates and landfill gases) from solid waste facilities are laden with mixtures of dangerous xenobiotics implicated with significant increase in various pathophysiological disorders including cancer, and eventual mortality of exposed wildlife and humans. However, the molecular mechanisms of solid waste leachates induce pathophysiological disorders and cell death are still largely unknown. Although, evolving evidence implicated generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress as the possible mechanism. Recent scientific reports are linking reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunctions as the player mechanism in pathophysiological disorder and apoptosis induced by xenobiotics in solid waste leachates. This systematic review presents an explicit discussion of recent scientific findings on the structural and functional alterations in mitochondria induced by solid waste leachates as the molecular mechanisms plausibly responsible for the pathophysiological disorders, cancer and cell death reported in landfill toxicology and epidemiological studies. This review aims to increase scientific understanding on solid waste leachate induced mitochondria dysfunctions as the key player in molecular mechanisms of solid waste induced toxicity. The findings in this review were mainly from using primary cells, cell lines, Drosophila and fish. Whether the findings will similarly be observed in mammalian test systems in vivo and particularly in exposed humans, remained to be investigated. Improvement in technological advancements, enforcement of legislation and regulations, and creation of sophisticated health surveillance against exposure to solid waste leachates, will expectedly mitigate human exposure to solid waste emissions and contamination of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuisi Gideon Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Saravanadevi Sivanesan
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P, India
| | - Kannan Krishnamurthi
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India; Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P, India.
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11
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Ruigrok MJR, Roest MAP, Frijlink HW, Olinga P, Hinrichs WLJ, Melgert BN. RANKL confers protection against cell death in precision-cut lung slices. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1029697. [PMID: 36388105 PMCID: PMC9659591 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1029697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally and constitutes a major health problem. The disease is characterized by airflow obstructions due to chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. Emerging evidence suggests that COPD is the result of impaired epithelial repair. Motivated by the need for more effective treatments, we studied whether receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-Β ligand (RANKL) contributed to epithelial repair, as this protein has been implicated in epithelial regeneration of breast and thymus. To do so, we used precision-cut lung slices prepared from mouse tissue—viable explants that can be cultured ex vivo for up to a few days while retaining features of lung tissue. Slices were cultured with 10, 100, or 500 ng/ml of mouse RANKL for 24 h. We first found RANKL activated nuclear factor κ-Β signaling, which is involved in cellular stress responses, without affecting the general viability of slices. Cell proliferation, however, was not altered by RANKL treatment. Interestingly, RANKL did reduce cell death, as revealed by TUNEL stainings and profiling of apoptosis-related proteins, indicating that it contributes to repair by conferring protection against cell death. This study improves our understanding of lung repair and could create new opportunities for developing COPD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. R. Ruigrok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M. A. P. Roest
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - H. W. Frijlink
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - P. Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - W. L. J. Hinrichs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B. N. Melgert
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: B. N. Melgert,
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12
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Xiong NX, Kuang XY, Fang ZX, Ou J, Li SY, Zhao JH, Huang JF, Li KX, Wang R, Fan LF, Luo SW, Liu SJ. Transcriptome analysis and co-expression network reveal the mechanism linking mitochondrial function to immune regulation in red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var) after Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1491-1509. [PMID: 35749280 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a common pathogen of freshwater fish. In this study, A. hydrophila infection was shown to cause tissue damage, trigger physiological changes as well as alter the expression profiles of immune- and metabolic-related genes in immune tissues of red crucian carp (RCC). Transcriptome analysis revealed that acute A. hydrophila infection exerted a profound effect on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation linking metabolic regulation to immune response. In addition, we further identified cellular senescence, apoptosis, necrosis and mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathways as crucial signal pathways in the kidney of RCC subjected to A. hydrophila infection. These findings may have important implications for understanding modulation of immunometabolic response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu-Ying Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shi-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- Foreign studies college, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Rou Wang
- Foreign studies college, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan-Fen Fan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Dasgupta S, Kar K, Barua A, Ghosh D, Kabi B, Dewan K, Chandra A. A significantly non-toxic novel Cobalt(III) Schiff base complex induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Life Sci 2022; 308:120963. [PMID: 36113731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metal complexes have ignited considerable interest in the field of chemotherapy after the serendipitous discovery of cisplatin but the severe toxicity of these platinum-based drugs compelled researchers to search for newer, more effective lesser toxic anticancer drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Structural analysis is done by different physicochemical techniques including X-ray single crystallography. Toxicity study has been done in normal Swiss albino mice. MTT assay assessed cell viability. Apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cell proliferation were assessed by FACS using Annexin V-PI, PI, and CFSE staining respectively. Western blot quantifies protein expression. While cell migration was studied by wound healing assay. KEY FINDINGS One-pot synthesis of a novel mononuclear cobalt(III)-Schiff base complex (1) (>99 % purity) and its complete characterization have been done. Cell viability assay showed that 1 (IC50 = 16.81 ± 1.33 μM) exhibits cytotoxicity at much lower concentration in comparison to oxaliplatin (IC50 = 31.4 ± 0.69 μM) against MCF-7 cells for 24 h of therapy without being overly toxic to human PBMCs (IC50 ≥ 60 μM). Additional in vitro studies demonstrated that 1 induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest and reduces cell proliferation as well as cell migration in MCF-7 cells. In vivo subacute toxicity (28 days) and systemic chronic toxicity (40 days) studies were carried out in normal Swiss albino mice showed 1 is significantly nontoxic to the host. SIGNIFICANCE The readily synthesizable, significantly nontoxic cobalt complex with appreciable anticancer activity implies that it might be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for new-age anti-tumor medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Dasgupta
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Kanisha Kar
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Atish Barua
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
| | - Diya Ghosh
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Bikash Kabi
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Koushik Dewan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, 108 CR Avenue, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Arpita Chandra
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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14
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Ren X, He X, Xu C, Han D, Cheng S. Functional Tumor Targeting Nano-Systems for Reprogramming Circulating Tumor Cells with In Situ Evaluation on Therapeutic Efficiency at the Single-Cell Level. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105806. [PMID: 35595716 PMCID: PMC9313495 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is primarily responsible for treatment resistance and cancer relapses. Being critically important to address this issue, the timely evaluation of the appropriateness of therapeutic actions at the single-cell level is still facing challenges. By using multi-functionalized nano-systems with the delivery vector composed of histone for plasmids loading, hyaluronic acid for tumor targeting, and a fusion peptide for C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeting as well as nuclear localization, the reprogramming of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with in situ detection on biomarkers at the single-cell level is realized. By efficient co-delivery of the genome editing plasmid for CXCR4 knockout and molecular beacons for detection of upregulated mRNA biomarkers into CTCs in unprocessed whole blood, the therapeutic outcomes of genome editing at the single-cell level can be in situ evaluated. The single-cell analysis shows that CXCR4 in CTCs of cancer patients is efficiently downregulated, resulting in upregulated anticancer biomarkers such as p53 and p21. The study provides a facile strategy for in-depth profiling of cancer cell responses to therapeutic actions at single-cell resolution to evaluate the outcomes of treatments timely and conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐He Ren
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Yan He
- School of Life SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032P. R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Di Han
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
| | - Si‐Xue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan430072P. R. China
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Abstract
The potential therapeutic uses of electromagnetic fields (EMF), part of the nonionizing radiation spectrum, increase with time. Among them, those considering the potential antitumor effects exerted by the Magnetic Fields (MFs), part of the EMF entity, have gained more and more interest. A recent review on this subject reports the MFs' effect on apoptosis of tumor cells as one of the most important breakthroughs. Apoptosis is considered a key mechanism regulating the genetic stability of cells and as such is considered of fundamental importance in cancer initiation and development. According to an atomic/sub-atomic analysis, based on quantum physics, of the complexity of biological life and the role played by oxygen and its radicals in cancer biology, a possible biophysical mechanism is described. The mechanism considers the influence of MFs on apoptosis through an effect on electron spin that is able to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration. Impacting on the delicate balance between ROS production and ROS elimination in tumor cells is considered a promising cancer therapy, affecting different biological processes, such as apoptosis and metastasis. An analysis in the literature, which allows correlation between MFs exposure characteristics and their influence on apoptosis and ROS concentration, supports the validity of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santi Tofani
- Department of Medical Physics, Ivrea Hospital - ASL Torino Nord-Ovest TO4, Ivrea Torino, Italy.,Department of Public Health Science, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Ivrea Torino, Italy
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Xie J, Tian W, Tang Y, Zou Y, Zheng S, Wu L, Zeng Y, Wu S, Xie X, Xie X. Establishment of a Cell Necroptosis Index to Predict Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity for Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:834593. [PMID: 35601830 PMCID: PMC9117653 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.834593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Necroptosis has been an alternatively identified mechanism of programmed cancer cell death, which plays a significant role in cancer. However, research about necroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer are still few. Moreover, the potentially prognostic value of necroptosis-related lncRNAs and their correlation with the immune microenvironment remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the potential prognostic value of necroptosis-related lncRNAs and their relationship to immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods: The RNA expression matrix of patients with TNBC was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Finally, 107 patients of GSE58812, 159 patients of TCGA, and 143 patients of GSE96058 were included. Necroptosis-related lncRNAs were screened by Cox regression and Pearson correlation analysis with necroptosis-related genes. By LASSO regression analysis, nine necroptosis-related lncRNAs were employed, and a cell necroptosis index (CNI) was established; then, we evaluated its prognostic value, clinical significance, pathways, immune infiltration, and chemotherapeutics efficacy. Results: Based on the CNI value, the TNBC patients were divided into high- and low-CNI groups, and the patients with high CNI had worse prognosis, more lymph node metastasis, and larger tumor (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the signature performed well. The result of the infiltration proportion of different immune cell infiltration further explained that TNBC patients with high CNI had low immunogenicity, leading to poor therapeutic outcomes. Moreover, we found significant differences of the IC50 values of various chemotherapeutic drugs in the two CNI groups, which might provide a reference to make a personalized chemotherapy for them. Conclusion: The novel prognostic marker CNI could not only precisely predict the survival probability of patients with TNBC but also demonstrate a potential role in antitumor immunity and drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinhua Xie
- *Correspondence: Xinhua Xie, ; Xiaoming Xie,
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microRNA-Mediated Encoding and Decoding of Time-Dependent Signals in Tumorigenesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020213. [PMID: 35204714 PMCID: PMC8961662 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs, pivotal post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in the past decades have caught the attention of researchers for their involvement in different biological processes, ranging from cell development to cancer. Although lots of effort has been devoted to elucidate the topological features and the equilibrium properties of microRNA-mediated motifs, little is known about how the information encoded in frequency, amplitude, duration, and other features of their regulatory signals can affect the resulting gene expression patterns. Here, we review the current knowledge about microRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks characterized by time-dependent input signals, such as pulses, transient inputs, and oscillations. First, we identify the general characteristic of the main motifs underlying temporal patterns. Then, we analyze their impact on two commonly studied oncogenic networks, showing how their dysfunction can lead to tumorigenesis.
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18
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Alimba CG, Rudrashetti AP, Sivanesan S, Krishnamurthi K. Landfill soil leachates from Nigeria and India induced DNA damage and alterations in genes associated with apoptosis in Jurkat cell. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:5256-5268. [PMID: 34417692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfill soil leachates, containing myriad of xenobiotics, increase genotoxic and cytotoxic stress-induced cell death. However, the underlying mechanism involved in the elimination of the damaged cells is yet to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the apoptotic processes induced in lymphoma (Jurkat) cells by landfill soil leachates from Olusosun (OSL, Nigeria) and Nagpur (NPL, India). Jurkat was incubated with sub-lethal concentrations of OSL and NPL for 24 h and analyzed for DNA fragmentation and apoptosis using agarose gel electrophoresis and Hoechst 33258-PI staining, respectively. Complementary DNA expression profiling of some pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes regulating apoptosis was also analyzed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) method. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed DNA fragmentations in OSL and NPL-treated cells. Hoecsht-33258 - Propidium Iodide (PI) based apoptotic analysis confirmed apoptotic cell death in exposed Jurkat. RT-PCR analysis revealed different fold changes in the pro- and anti-apoptotic genes in OSL and NPL-treated Jurkat. There was significant increase in fold change of the up-regulated genes; apoptosis inducing factor mitochondrion-associated 2 (AIFM2), Fas-associated death domain (FADD), Caspase-2, Caspase-6, BH3 interacting domain death agonist (BID), tumor suppressor (p53), and BCL2 associated agonist of cell death (BAD) and down-regulation of apoptosis inhibitor 5 (API5). Results suggest that OSL and NPL elicited genotoxic stress-related apoptosis in Jurkat. The dysregulation in the expression of genes involved in apoptotic processes in wildlife and human exposed to landfill emissions may increase aetiology of various pathological diseases including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuisi G Alimba
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Department of Toxicology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Technical University of Dortmund, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Ashwinkumar P Rudrashetti
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomic Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
| | - Saravanadevi Sivanesan
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India
- Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P., India
| | - Kannan Krishnamurthi
- Health and Toxicity Cell (HTC), CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur, 440020, India.
- Academy of Scientific, Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P., India.
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19
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Downregulation of CPT2 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis through p53 pathway in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Yao J, Wang J, Xu Y, Guo Q, Sun Y, Liu J, Li S, Guo Y, Wei L. CDK9 inhibition blocks the initiation of PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy by regulating the SIRT1-FOXO3-BNIP3 axis and enhances the therapeutic effects involving mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma. Autophagy 2021; 18:1879-1897. [PMID: 34890308 PMCID: PMC9450969 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.2007027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is a type of selective macroautophagy/autophagy that degrades dysfunctional or excessive mitochondria. Regulation of this process is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis and has been closely implicated in acquired drug resistance. However, the regulatory mechanisms and influences of mitophagy in cancer are still unclear. Here, we reported that inhibition of CDK9 blocked PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy in HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) by interrupting mitophagy initiation. We demonstrated that CDK9 inhibitors promoted dephosphorylation of SIRT1 and promoted FOXO3 protein degradation, which was regulated by its acetylation, leading to the transcriptional repression of FOXO3-driven BNIP3 and impairing the BNIP3-mediated stability of the PINK1 protein. Lysosomal degradation inhibitors could not rescue mitophagy flux blocked by CDK9 inhibitors. Thus, CDK9 inhibitors inactivated the SIRT1-FOXO3-BNIP3 axis and PINK1-PRKN pathway to subsequently block mitophagy initiation. Moreover, CDK9 inhibitors facilitated mitochondrial dysfunction. The dual effects of CDK9 inhibitors resulted in the destruction of mitochondrial homeostasis and cell death in HCC. Importantly, a novel CDK9 inhibitor, oroxylin A (OA), from Scutellaria baicalensis was investigated, and it showed strong therapeutic potential against HCC and a striking capacity to overcome drug resistance by downregulating PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy. Additionally, because of the moderate and controlled inhibition of CDK9, OA not led to extreme repression of general transcription and appeared to overcome the inconsistent anti-HCC efficacy and high normal tissue toxicity that was associated with existing CDK9 inhibitors. All of the findings reveal that mitophagy disruption is a promising strategy for HCC treatment and OA is a potential candidate for the development of mitophagy inhibitors.Abbreviations: BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide p-trichloromethoxy-phenylhydrazone; CDK9: cyclin dependent kinase 9; CHX: cycloheximide; CQ, chloroquine; DFP: deferiprone; DOX: doxorubicin; EBSS: Earle's balanced salt solution; E64d: aloxistatin; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; HepG2/ADR: adriamycin-resistant HepG2 cells; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; mito-Keima: mitochondria-targeted and pH-sensitive fluorescent protein; MitoSOX: mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; OA: oroxylin A; PB: phosphate buffer; PDX: patient-derived tumor xenograft; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; POLR2A: RNA polymerase II subunit A; p-POLR2A-S2: Ser2 phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II subunit A; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; SIRT1: sirtuin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jubo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sichan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Guo
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China
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21
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Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury in Mice Is Counteracted by a Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Bergamot Juice, Alone or in Association with Curcumin and Resveratrol, via the Enhancement of Different Defense Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121797. [PMID: 34944613 PMCID: PMC8698830 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) represents a public health risk due to its non-biodegradability and long biological half-life. The main target of Cd is considered the kidney, where it accumulates. No effective treatment for Cd poisoning is available so that several therapeutic approaches were proposed to prevent damages after Cd exposure. We evaluated the effects of a flavonoid-rich extract of bergamot juice (BJe), alone or in association with curcumin (Cur) and resveratrol (Re), in the kidney of mice exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Male mice were administered with CdCl2 and treated with Cur, Re, or BJe alone or in combination for 14 days. The kidneys were processed for biochemical, structural and morphometric evaluation. Cd treatment significantly increased urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, along with tp53, Bax, Nos2 and Il1b mRNA, while reduced that of Bcl2, as well as glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Moreover, Cd caused damages to glomeruli and tubules, and increased Nrf2, Nqo1 and Hmox1 gene expression. Cur, Re and BJe at 40 mg/kg significantly improved all parameters, while BJe at 20 mg/kg showed a lower protective effect. After treatment with the associations of the three nutraceuticals, all parameters were close to normal, thus suggesting a new potential strategy in the protection of renal functions in subjects exposed to environmental toxicants.
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Annexin A2 degradation contributes to dopaminergic cell apoptosis via regulating p53 in neurodegenerative conditions. Neuroreport 2021; 32:1263-1268. [PMID: 34494994 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P53 overexpression has been shown to involve in mitochondria-mediated dapaminergic neuron cell death in Parkinson's disease. However, the exactly molecular mechanisms responsible for the p53-dependent intrinsic cell death in neurodegenerative conditions remain unclearly. Annexin A2 is a multifunctional protein that negatively regulates p53 expression. The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of p53 dependent dopaminergic cell death and implication of Annexin A2 in cellular apoptosis in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced PC12 cells. METHODS The cell viability of neural PC12 cells was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltet-razolium bromide assay. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptosis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential of neural PC12 cells. The expression of p53 and Annexin A2 was analyzed by western blot assay. RESULTS The present study showed that the exposure of PC12 cells to neurotoxin MPP+ increased the expression levels of p53 and the discharge of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Notably, Annexin A2 degradation was also observed in this cellular model of Parkinson's disease, in a time and dose-dependent manner. This expressing change of Annexin A2 was in direct proportion to the loss of cell viability of PC12 cells, and this expression pattern was in inverse proportion to p53 levels in this cellular model of Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSION These results indicated that Annexin A2 degradation plays a crucial role the degeneration of dapaminergic cells of Parkinson's disease, and Annexin A2 downregulation-mediated the cell death is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction via p53-dependent pathway; thus provide a novel therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Targeting Drug Chemo-Resistance in Cancer Using Natural Products. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101353. [PMID: 34680470 PMCID: PMC8533186 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. Natural products are accessible, inexpensive, and less toxic sources of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, they have multiple mechanisms of action to inhibit various targets involved in the development of drug resistance. In this review, we have summarized the basic research and clinical applications of natural products as possible inhibitors for drug resistance in cancer. The molecular targets and the mechanisms of action of each natural product are also explained. Diverse drug resistance biomarkers were sensitive to natural products. P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein can be targeted by a large number of natural products. On the other hand, protein kinase C and topoisomerases were less sensitive to most of the studied natural products. The studies discussed in this review will provide a solid ground for scientists to explore the possible use of natural products in combination anticancer therapies to overcome drug resistance by targeting multiple drug resistance mechanisms.
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Zhang H, Zhang H, Cao S, Sui C, Song Y, Zhao Y, Liu S. Knockout of p53 leads to a significant increase in ALV-J replication. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101374. [PMID: 34411963 PMCID: PMC8377548 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukemia is a common malignant disease, and and its regulatory mechanism is complex. As the most extensive tumor suppressor gene in cancer research, p53 can control multiple functions such as that of DNA repair, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and so on. In view of the diversity associated with varied function of p53, this study analyzed the possible effect of gene on ALV-J replication and its regulatory mechanism. We successfully constructed a p53 knockout DF-1 cell line (p53-KO-DF-1 cells) by using CRISPR-Cas9 system. When ALV-J was co-infected with DF-1 and p53-KO-DF-1 cells, it was found that compared with wild-type DF-1 cells, the viral copy number of p53-KO-DF-1 cells infected with ALV-J increased significantly 48 h after infection, whereas the expression of innate immune factors such as Il-2,TNF- α, IFN- γ and MX1 decreased significantly. Detection of p53-related tumor genes indicated that after p53 deletion, the expression of c-myc, bcl-2, and bak increased significantly, while the expression of p21 and p27 was noted to be decreased. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of the 2 cell lines was detected by flow cytometry analysis. The results showed that p53 knockout prevented G0/G1 and G2 M phase arrest induced by ALV-J, and substantially decreased the rate of apoptosis. Overall, the results indicated that p53 gene can effectively inhibits ALV-J replication by regulating important cellular processes, and p53 gene related proteins involved in cell cycle activity may function as the key targets for the prevention and treatment of ALV-J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shengliang Cao
- College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Chao Sui
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yinuo Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Sidang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
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25
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Hao R, Song X, Sun-Waterhouse D, Tan X, Li F, Li D. MiR-34a/Sirt1/p53 signaling pathway contributes to cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity: A preclinical study in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 282:117029. [PMID: 33823310 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), as an environmental pollutant, can lead to nephrotoxicity. However, its nephrotoxicological mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, Cd (1.5 mg/kg body weight, gavaged for 4 weeks) was found to induce the renal damage in mice, based on indicators including Cd concentration, kidney index, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines and their mRNA expressions, levels of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase9, and histopathological changes of the kidneys. Furthermore, Cd-caused detrimental changes through inducing inflammation and apoptosis via the miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 axis. This is the first report on the role of miR-34a/Sirt1/p53 axis in regulating Cd-caused apoptosis and nephrotoxicity in mice. The findings obtained in this study provide new insights into miRNA-based regulation of heavy metal induced-nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rili Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xinyu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China; School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xintong Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian, 271018, China.
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26
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Neupane R, Malla S, Abou-Dahech MS, Balaji S, Kumari S, Waiker DK, Moorthy NSHN, Trivedi P, Ashby CR, Karthikeyan C, Tiwari AK. Antiproliferative Efficacy of N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine, DW-8, in Colon Cancer Cells Is Mediated by Intrinsic Apoptosis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154417. [PMID: 34361570 PMCID: PMC8347809 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel series of 4-anilinoquinazoline analogues, DW (1–10), were evaluated for anticancer efficacy in human breast cancer (BT-20) and human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HCT116, HT29, and SW620). The compound, DW-8, had the highest anticancer efficacy and selectivity in the colorectal cancer cell lines, HCT116, HT29, and SW620, with IC50 values of 8.50 ± 2.53 µM, 5.80 ± 0.92 µM, and 6.15 ± 0.37 µM, respectively, compared to the non-cancerous colon cell line, CRL1459, with an IC50 of 14.05 ± 0.37 µM. The selectivity index of DW-8 was >2-fold in colon cancer cells incubated with vehicle. We further determined the mechanisms of cell death induced by DW-8 in SW620 CRC cancer cells. DW-8 (10 and 30 µM) induced apoptosis by (1) producing cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase; (2) activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as indicated by the activation of caspase-9 and the executioner caspases-3 and 7; (3) nuclear fragmentation and (4) increasing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overall, our results suggest that DW-8 may represent a suitable lead for developing novel compounds to treat CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Neupane
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Saloni Malla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Mariam Sami Abou-Dahech
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Swapnaa Balaji
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Digambar Kumar Waiker
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal 462033, India;
| | | | - Piyush Trivedi
- Center of Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune 411030, India;
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA;
| | - Chandrabose Karthikeyan
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Lalpur, Amarkantak 484887, India;
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (A.K.T.); Tel.: +91-7587521152 (C.K.); +1-419-383-1913 (A.K.T.); Fax: +1-419-383-1909 (A.K.T.)
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; (R.N.); (S.M.); (M.S.A.-D.); (S.B.); (S.K.)
- Department Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research (CMBHSR), Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Correspondence: (C.K.); (A.K.T.); Tel.: +91-7587521152 (C.K.); +1-419-383-1913 (A.K.T.); Fax: +1-419-383-1909 (A.K.T.)
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27
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Cimbalo A, Alonso-Garrido M, Font G, Frangiamone M, Manyes L. Transcriptional Changes after Enniatins A, A1, B and B1 Ingestion in Rat Stomach, Liver, Kidney and Lower Intestine. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071630. [PMID: 34359500 PMCID: PMC8303686 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enniatins (ENs) are depsipeptide mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi. They are known for their capacity to modulate cell membrane permeability and disruption of ionic gradients, affecting cell homeostasis and initiating oxidative stress mechanisms. The effect of the acute toxicity of ENs A, A1, B and B1 at two different concentrations after 8 h of exposure was analysed in Wistar rats by a transcriptional approach. The following key mitochondrial and nuclear codified genes related to the electron transport chain were considered for gene expression analysis in stomach, liver, kidney and lower intestine by quantitative Real-Time PCR: mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 1 (MT-ND1), mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase 1 (MT-COX1), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit A and ATP synthase F1 subunit alpha, respectively. Moreover, the expression of markers involved in oxidative stresssuperoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1), heme oxygenase 1, apoptosis B-cell lymphoma 2, Bcl2 Associated protein X (Bax), tumor suppressor protein (p53), inhibition of apoptosis nuclear factor kappa of activated B cells, immune system interleukin 1β and intestinal tight junction Occludin merely in lower intestine tissues have been investigated. For mitochondrial genes, the main differences were observed for MT-ND1 and MT-COX1, showing its deficiency in all selected organs. With regard to the intestinal barrier’s cellular response to oxidative stress, the activity of the antioxidant gene SOD1 was decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the catalytic enzyme GPx1 was also downregulated though merely at medium dose employed. On the contrary, the pro-apoptotic Bax and p53 regulators were activated after ENs exposure, reporting a significant increase in their expression. Furthermore, the alteration of intestinal permeability was assessed by the abnormal activity of the tight junction protein occludin. In summary, ENs may generate mitochondrial disorders and induce oxidative stress in intestinal barrier function.
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Maeda M, Tomita M, Maeda M, Matsumoto H, Usami N, Kume K, Kobayashi K. Exposure of the cytoplasm to low-dose X-rays modifies ataxia telangiectasia mutated-mediated DNA damage responses. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13113. [PMID: 34219128 PMCID: PMC8255317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that when a low X-ray dose is used, cell death is enhanced in nucleus-irradiated compared with whole-cell-irradiated cells; however, the role of the cytoplasm remains unclear. Here, we show changes in the DNA damage responses with or without X-ray microbeam irradiation of the cytoplasm. Phosphorylated histone H2AX foci, a surrogate marker for DNA double-strand breaks, in V79 and WI-38 cells are not observed in nucleus irradiations at ≤ 2 Gy, whereas they are observed in whole-cell irradiations. Addition of an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor to whole-cell irradiations suppresses foci formation at ≤ 2 Gy. ABL1 and p73 expression is upregulated following nucleus irradiation, suggesting the induction of p73-dependent cell death. Furthermore, CDKN1A (p21) is upregulated following whole-cell irradiation, indicating the induction of cell cycle arrest. These data reveal that cytoplasmic radioresponses modify ATM-mediated DNA damage responses and determine the fate of cells irradiated at low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munetoshi Maeda
- Proton Medical Research Division, Research and Development Department, The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center, WERC, 64-52-1 Nagatani, Tsuruga, Fukui, 914-0192, Japan.
| | - Masanori Tomita
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, CRIEPI, 2-11-1 Iwado Kita, Komae, Tokyo, 201-8511, Japan
| | - Mika Maeda
- Proton Medical Research Division, Research and Development Department, The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center, WERC, 64-52-1 Nagatani, Tsuruga, Fukui, 914-0192, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsumoto
- Department of Experimental Radiology and Health Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaitsuki, Eiheiji-cho, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Noriko Usami
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kyo Kume
- Proton Medical Research Division, Research and Development Department, The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center, WERC, 64-52-1 Nagatani, Tsuruga, Fukui, 914-0192, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kobayashi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
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Festa Ortega JF, Heidor R, Auriemo AP, Marques Affonso J, Pereira D' Amico T, Herz C, de Conti A, Ract J, Gioieli LA, Purgatto E, Lamy E, P Pogribny I, Salvador Moreno F. Butyrate-containing structured lipids act on HDAC4, HDAC6, DNA damage and telomerase activity during promotion of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1026-1036. [PMID: 33999989 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents with a high treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and preventive approaches such as chemoprevention are essential for the HCC control. Therefore, we evaluated the chemopreventive effects of butyrate-containing structured lipids (STLs) administered during the promotion stage of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats submitted to the 'resistant hepatocyte' (RH) model. Administration of butyrate-containing STLs inhibited the incidence and mean number of visible hepatic nodules per rat and reduced the number and area of glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive (GST-P+) preneoplastic focal lesions in the livers. This was accompanied by the induction of apoptosis and an increased level of hepatic butyric acid. Treatment with butyrate-containing STLs resulted in increased histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation, reduction of total histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and lower levels of HDAC4 and HDAC6 proteins. The chemopreventive effect of butyrate-containing STLs was also associated with the increased nuclear compartmentalization of p53 protein and reduced expression of the Bcl-2 protein. In addition, rats treated with butyrate-containing STLs showed decreased DNA damage and telomerase activity in the livers. These results demonstrate that the suppressive activity of butyrate-containing STLs is associated with inhibition of elevated during hepatocarcinogenesis chromatin-modifying proteins HDAC4 and HDAC6, subcellular redistribution of the p53 protein, and decreased DNA damage and telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Festa Festa Ortega
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Heidor
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Auriemo
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Marques Affonso
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Pereira D' Amico
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Corinna Herz
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 115b, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Aline de Conti
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Juliana Ract
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Gioieli
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacherstraße 115b, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Fernando Salvador Moreno
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vyas KM, Sharma D, Magani SKJ, Mobin SM, Mukhopadhyay S. In vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity and antimetastatic properties of novel arene ruthenium(II)‐tetrazolato compounds on human cancer cell lines. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Komal M. Vyas
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 India
- Department of Chemistry Sardar Patel University Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120 India
| | - Deepu Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| | - Sri Krishna Jayadev Magani
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences Shiv Nadar University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh 201314 India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 India
| | - Suman Mukhopadhyay
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Khandwa Road, Simrol Indore 453552 India
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Ben Y, Hao J, Zhang Z, Xiong Y, Zhang C, Chang Y, Yang F, Li H, Zhang T, Wang X, Xu Q. Astragaloside IV Inhibits Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis of the Dorsal Root Ganglion in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Rats Through Modulation of the SIRT1/p53 Signaling Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1647-1661. [PMID: 33883914 PMCID: PMC8055373 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s301068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in the dorsal root ganglion of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) rats through the SIRT1/p53 pathway. METHODS Diabetic rat model was induced by high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Diabetic rats were divided into three groups (n =16 per group): DPN group, AS-IV group (60mg/kg/d) and α-lipoic acid (ALA) group (60mg/kg/d). Weight and blood glucose levels were monitored every 4 weeks for 12 weeks. DPN was evaluated using the Von Frey Filaments Test and nerve conduction velocity. The dorsal root ganglia of rats were isolated and the pathological changes of mitochondria were observed by electron microscopy. The activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex, mitochondrial membrane potential, malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Neural apoptosis was detected using the Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay kit. The cleaved caspase-3, major proteins in the SIRT1/p53 pathway, including SIRT1, acetyl p53, Drp1, BAX, and BCL-2, were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Gene expression of major proteins in the SIRT1/p53 pathway was also detected. RESULTS After 12 weeks of treatment, AS-IV and ALA did not significantly affect body weight or fasting glucose levels, but reduced mechanical abnormal pain in DPN and improved nerve conduction velocity. AS-IV and ALA increased the level of GSH and decreased the level of MDA. Both AS-IV and ALA can reduce mitochondrial damage, improve mitochondrial electron transport chain complex activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduce the percentages of positive cells with DNA fragmentation and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein. AS-IV and ALA up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 and down-regulated the expression of acetyl-p53, Drp1 and the ratio of BAX to BCL-2. Changes in gene expression were similar. CONCLUSION AS-IV can reduce the occurrence of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by regulating the SIRT1/p53 pathway. It has a similar therapeutic effect as ALA and is therefore a promising drug for the potential treatment of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ben
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Hao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunzhao Xiong
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuijuan Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Chang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianya Zhang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangting Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyou Xu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qingyou Xu Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 Xinshinan Road, Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050090, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13832368865Fax +86 311 89926000 Email
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lncRNAs Are Involved in Sevoflurane Anesthesia-Related Brain Function Modulation through Affecting Mitochondrial Function and Aging Process. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8841511. [PMID: 33354572 PMCID: PMC7735847 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8841511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in brain function modulation and neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether lncRNA regulations are involved in the mechanisms of perioperative neurocognitive disorders, especially in anesthesia-related brain dysfunction, remain unknown. Therefore, we explored the expression and regulation pattern profiles of lncRNAs in the hippocampus of aged rats after sevoflurane anesthesia. Three lncRNAs and 772 protein-coding genes were identified by microarray analysis and evidenced by in vitro and in vivo experiments as differentially expressed. Functional annotation and differentially expressed- (DE-) lncRNA-mRNA coexpression networks reveal that DE-lncRNAs are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, aging-related metabolism alterations, DNA damage, and apoptosis, as well as neurodegenerative features during sevoflurane anesthesia. These results suggest that lncRNAs play roles in general anesthesia-related brain function modulation during the perioperative context and provide insights into the lncRNA-related modulation mechanisms and targets.
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Kim SM, Choi KC. Acrylonitrile induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by promoting the formation of reactive oxygen species in human choriocarcinoma cells. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:713-724. [PMID: 33132245 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acrylonitrile (AN), which is widely utilized in the manufacture of plastics, acrylamide, acrylic fibers, and resins, is also one of main components of cigarette smoke (CS). In this study, we examined the effects of AN on the cell viability and apoptosis of JEG-3 and BeWo human choriocarcinoma cancer cell lines. A cell viability assay confirmed that AN decreased the cell proliferation of JEG-3 and BeWo cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, Western blot assay revealed that protein expression of cyclin D and cyclin E decreased, while protein expression of p21 and p27 increased in response to AN treatment for 48 hr. The changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in JEG-3 and BeWo cells exposed to AN were also measured by a dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay, which revealed that ROS levels increased in response to AN treatment for 48 hr. Moreover, western blot assay confirmed that AN treatment of JEG-3 and BeWo cells for 4 hr promoted the expression of phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha protein (p-eIF2α), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase 12, which are known to be involved in ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress)-related apoptosis. Overall, the protein expression of p53 and Bax (a pro-apoptosis marker) increased, while the expression of Bcl-xl (an anti-apoptotic marker) decreased and the number of apoptotic cells increased in response to AN treatment for 48 hr. Taken together, these results suggest that AN has the potential to induce apoptosis of JEG-3 and BeWo human choriocarcinoma cancer cells by activating ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Min Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Korea
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Liu Z, Hurst DR, Qu X, Lu LG, Wu CZ, Li YY, Li Y. Re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 induces apoptosis and impaired autophagy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mil Med Res 2020; 7:48. [PMID: 33038921 PMCID: PMC7548045 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-020-00275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND p53 and DIRAS3 are tumor suppressors that are frequently silenced in tumors. In this study, we sought to determine whether the concurrent re-expression of p53 and DIRAS3 could effectively induce head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell death. METHODS CAL-27 and SCC-25 cells were treated with Ad-DIRAS3 and rAd-p53 to induce re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 respectively. The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on the growth and apoptosis of HNSCC cells were examined by TUNEL assay, flow cytometric analysis and MTT. The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on Akt phosphorylation, oncogene expression, and the interaction of 4E-BP1 with eIF4E were determined by real-time PCR, Western blotting and immunoprecipitation analysis. The ability of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression to induce autophagy was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting. The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on HNSCC growth were evaluated by using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. RESULTS TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis showed that the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly induced apoptosis (P < 0.001). MTT and flow cytometric analysis revealed that DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 down-regulated signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) and up-regulated p21WAF1/CIP1 and Bax (P < 0.001). DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression also inhibited Akt phosphorylation, increased the interaction of eIF4E with 4E-BP1, and reduced the expression of c-Myc, cyclin D1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Bcl-2 (P < 0.001). Moreover, the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 increased the percentage of cells with GFP-LC3 puncta compared with that in cells treated with control adenovirus (50.00% ± 4.55% vs. 4.67% ± 1.25%, P < 0.001). LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting further showed that DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression significantly promoted autophagic activity but also inhibited autophagic flux, resulting in overall impaired autophagy. Finally, the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly decreased the tumor volume compared with the control group in a HNSCC xenograft mouse model [(3.12 ± 0.75) mm3 vs. (189.02 ± 17.54) mm3, P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS The concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 is a more effective approach to HNSCC treatment than current treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Douglas R Hurst
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35216, USA
| | - Xing Qu
- Department of Evidence Based Stomatology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li-Guang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chen-Zhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Aborehab NM, Elnagar MR, Waly NE. Gallic acid potentiates the apoptotic effect of paclitaxel and carboplatin via overexpression of Bax and P53 on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22638. [PMID: 33002289 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, breast cancer remains the widest spread disease among females with a high mortality rate. We investigated the potential effects of gallic acid (GA) as supportive therapy in the management of breast cancer. Anti-cancer activity with GA alone or in combination with paclitaxel and/or carboplatin was assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry using annexin V/propidium iodide. The mechanism underlying the antiproliferative effects was investigated by measuring the expression of the pro-apoptotic marker (Bax), CASP-3, anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2), and, tumor suppressor (p53) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Cell cycle analysis was performed for the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. GA, paclitaxel, and carboplatin alone or in combination arrested cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and induced Pre-G1 apoptosis. RT-PCR showed that the triplet combination significantly raised P53, Bax, and CASP-3 mRNA expression (20.1 ± 1.41, 16.6 ± 0.43, and 20.04 ± 1.61, respectively) in MCF-7 cells when compared to single or combined treatment (p < .0001) while anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA levels were decreased in all treated groups compared to untreated cells. Western blot data of tested apoptotic factors were consistent with RT-PCR results. For the first time, we show that a minimum non-toxic concentration of GA increased the efficacy of paclitaxel- and carboplatin-induced MCF-7 apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora M Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Elnagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermien E Waly
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Medical Education, Creighton School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Almoiliqy M, Wen J, Xu B, Sun YC, Lian MQ, Li YL, Qaed E, Al-Azab M, Chen DP, Shopit A, Wang L, Sun PY, Lin Y. Cinnamaldehyde protects against rat intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injuries by synergistic inhibition of NF-κB and p53. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1208-1222. [PMID: 32238887 PMCID: PMC7609352 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our preliminary study shows that cinnamaldehyde (CA) could protect against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries, in which p53 and NF-κB p65 play a synergistic role. In this study, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to verify this proposal. SD rats were pretreated with CA (10 or 40 mg · kg−1 · d−1, ig) for 3 days, then subjected to 1 h mesenteric ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion. CA pretreatment dose-dependently ameliorated morphological damage and reduced inflammation evidenced by decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels and MPO activity in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. CA pretreatment also attenuated oxidative stress through restoring SOD, GSH, LDH, and MDA levels in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. Furthermore, CA pretreatment significantly reduced the expression of inflammation/apoptosis-related NF-κB p65, IKKβ, IK-α, and NF-κB p50, and downregulated apoptotic protein expression including p53, Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3, and restoring Bcl-2, in I/R-treated intestinal tissues. We pretreated IEC-6 cells in vitro with CA for 24 h, followed by 4 h hypoxia and 3 h reoxygenation (H/R) incubation. Pretreatment with CA (3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 μmol · L−1) significantly reversed H/R-induced reduction of IEC-6 cell viability. CA pretreatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress, NF-κB activation and apoptosis in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. Moreover, CA pretreatment significantly reversed mitochondrial dysfunction in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. CA pretreatment inhibited the nuclear translocation of p53 and NF-κB p65 in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. Double knockdown or overexpression of p53 and NF-κB p65 caused a synergistic reduction or elevation of p53 compared with knockdown or overexpression of p53 or NF-κB p65 alone. In H/R-treated IEC-6 cells with double knockdown or overexpression of NF-κB p65 and p53, CA pretreatment caused neither further decrease nor increase of NF-κB p65 or p53 expression, suggesting that CA-induced synergistic inhibition on both NF-κB and p53 played a key role in ameliorating intestinal I/R injuries. Finally, we used immunoprecipitation assay to demonstrate an interaction between p53 and NF-κB p65, showing the basis for CA-induced synergistic inhibition. Our results provide valuable information for further studies.
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Bai HL, Kang CM, Sun ZQ, Li XH, Dai XY, Huang RY, Zhao JJ, Bei YR, Huang XZ, Lu ZF, Wu SG, Lu JB, Ping BH, Wang Q, Hu YW. TTDA inhibited apoptosis by regulating the p53-Bax/Bcl2 axis in glioma. Exp Neurol 2020; 331:113380. [PMID: 32540359 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The trichothiodystrophy group A protein (TTDA) functions in nucleotide excision repair and basal transcription. TTDA plays a role in cancers and serves as a prognostic and predictive factor in high-grade serous ovarian cancer; however, its role in human glioma remains unknown. Here, we found that TTDA was overexpressed in glioma tissues. In vitro experiments revealed that TTDA overexpression inhibited apoptosis of glioma cells and promoted cell growth, whereas knockdown of TTDA had the opposite effect. Increased TTDA expression significantly decreased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio and the level of cleaved-caspase3. TTDA interacted with the p53 gene at the -1959 bp and -1530 bp region and regulated its transcription, leading to inhibition of the p53-Bax/Bcl2 mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in glioma cells. These results indicate that TTDA is an upstream regulator of p53-mediated apoptosis and acts as an oncogene, suggesting its value as a potential molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Lan Bai
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhen-Qing Sun
- Department of neurosurgery Ward 6, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou 510510, China
| | - Xue-Heng Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China.
| | - Rui-Ying Huang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yan-Rou Bei
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Lu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Shao-Guo Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510420, China
| | - Jing-Bo Lu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao-Hong Ping
- Hui Qiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Laboratory Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China.
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Sandag Z, Jung S, Quynh NTN, Myagmarjav D, Anh NH, Le DDT, Lee BS, Mongre RK, Jo T, Lee M. Inhibitory Role of TRIP-Br1/XIAP in Necroptosis under Nutrient/Serum Starvation. Mol Cells 2020; 43:236-250. [PMID: 32050753 PMCID: PMC7103882 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, many available anti-cancer therapies are targeting apoptosis. However, many cancer cells have acquired resistance to apoptosis. To overcome this problem, simultaneous induction of other types of programmed cell death in addition to apoptosis of cancer cells might be an attractive strategy. For this purpose, we initially investigated the inhibitory role of TRIP-Br1/XIAP in necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis, under nutrient/serum starvation. Our data showed that necroptosis was significantly induced in all tested 9 different types of cancer cell lines in response to prolonged serum starvation. Among them, necroptosis was induced at a relatively lower level in MCF-7 breast cancer line that was highly resistant to apoptosis than that in other cancer cell lines. Interestingly, TRIP-Br1 oncogenic protein level was found to be very high in this cell line. Upregulated TRIP-Br1 suppressed necroptosis by repressing reactive oxygen species generation. Such suppression of necroptosis was greatly enhanced by XIAP, a potent inhibitor of apoptosis. Our data also showed that TRIP-Br1 increased XIAP phosphorylation at serine87, an active form of XIAP. Our mitochondrial fractionation data revealed that TRIPBr1 protein level was greatly increased in the mitochondria upon serum starvation. It suppressed the export of CypD, a vital regulator in mitochondria-mediated necroptosis, from mitochondria to cytosol. TRIP-Br1 also suppressed shikoninmediated necroptosis, but not TNF-α-mediated necroptosis, implying possible presence of another signaling pathway in necroptosis. Taken together, our results suggest that TRIPBr1/XIAP can function as onco-proteins by suppressing necroptosis of cancer cells under nutrient/serum starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolzaya Sandag
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - Samil Jung
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | | | | | - Nguyen Hai Anh
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - Dan-Diem Thi Le
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - Raj Kumar Mongre
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - Taeyeon Jo
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
| | - MyeongSok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 430, Korea
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The effects of oxygen concentration on cell death, anti-oxidant transcription, acute inflammation, and cell proliferation in precision-cut lung slices. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16239. [PMID: 31700101 PMCID: PMC6838147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52813-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although animal models are often used in drug research, alternative experimental models are becoming more popular as they reduce animal use and suffering. Of particular interest are precision-cut lung slices, which refer to explants – with a reproducible thickness and diameter – that can be cultured ex vivo. Because lung slices (partially) reflect functional and structural features of whole tissue, they are often applied in the field of immunology, pharmacology, toxicology, and virology. Nevertheless, previous research failed to adequately address concerns with respect to the viability of lung slices. For instance, the effect of oxygen concentration on lung slice viability has never been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of oxygen concentration (20 vs. 80% O2) on the degree of cell death, anti-oxidant transcription, acute inflammation, and cell proliferation in lung slices. According to the results, slices incubated at 20% O2 displayed less cell death, anti-oxidant transcription, and acute inflammation, as well as more cell proliferation, demonstrating that these slices were considerably more viable than slices cultured at 80% O2. These findings expand our knowledge on lung slices and their use as an alternative experimental model in drug research.
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Chan ZCK, Leong KH, Kareem HS, Norazit A, Noor SM, Ariffin A. Activation of death receptor, DR5 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by a 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy derivative in wild-type and p53 mutant colorectal cancer cell lines. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 393:405-417. [PMID: 31641820 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01730-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The rationale of designing compounds containing a (3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy) phenyl moiety is largely due to its potential antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. A previous study focused on its antioxidant mechanism, whereas in this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of a series of 28 analogues and the mechanism of apoptosis of the most cytotoxic compound against wild-type (HCT-116) and p53 mutant (HT-29) colorectal cancer cell lines. The series of analogues comprise of different families, namely hydrazone, oxadiazole, thiosemicarbazides and triazoles. In the initial cytotoxicity screening, N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy) benzohydrazide, henceforth known as, P5H, was found to be most cytotoxic against human colorectal cancer cell lines (IC50 for HCT-116 = 11.79 μM and HT-29 = 18.52 μM). Additionally, P5H was found to have some degree of selectivity towards cancer cells compared to normal human colon cells (CCD-112 CoN). Subsequent investigation had brought insight on P5H ability to induce apoptosis in both HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. Cell cycle analysis showed both cell lines were arrested at the G2/M phase upon treatment. Our study concluded that P5H induced the death receptor, DR5 in HCT-116 and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in HT-29. Therefore, P5H may be a promising candidate as a chemotherapy agent against colon cancer. Graphical abstract The apoptotic pathways induced in HT-29 and HCT-116 cells upon P5H treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Chee Ken Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok Hoong Leong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Center for Natural Product and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Huda Salah Kareem
- General Directorate of Curricular, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, 3310, Iraq
| | - Anwar Norazit
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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The DNA-damage response and nuclear events as regulators of nonapoptotic forms of cell death. Oncogene 2019; 39:1-16. [PMID: 31462710 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability is essential for the cell as the integrity of genomic information guaranties reproduction of a whole organism. DNA damage occurring in response to different natural and nonnatural stimuli (errors in DNA replication, UV radiation, chemical agents, etc.) is normally detected by special cellular machinery that induces DNA repair. However, further accumulation of genetic lesions drives the activation of cell death to eliminate cells with defective genome. This particular feature is used for targeting fast-proliferating tumor cells during chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapy. Among different cell death modalities induced by DNA damage, apoptosis is the best studied. Nevertheless, nonapoptotic cell death and adaptive stress responses are also activated following genotoxic stress and play a crucial role in the outcome of anticancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of nonapoptotic cell death pathways induced by DNA damage and discuss their interplay with cellular senescence, mitotic catastrophe, and autophagy.
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Liu Y, Shao E, Zhang Z, Yang D, Li G, Cao H, Huang H. A Novel Indolizine Derivative Induces Apoptosis Through the Mitochondria p53 Pathway in HepG2 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:762. [PMID: 31354481 PMCID: PMC6635656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Indolizine derivatives are a class of compounds with excellent biological activity. In this study, a series of indolizine derivatives, compound 1 (C1), compound 2 (C2), compound 3 (C3), and compound 4 (C4), were synthesized. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenyltetraazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate their cytotoxicity against HepG2 (p53-wild), A549, and HeLa cell lines. HepG2 cells apoptosis induced by C3 was determined using Hoechst staining and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Cells’ apoptotic ratio was measured by Annexin V–FITC/PI double staining. Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells after C3 treatment were determined. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis were carried out to detect p53 levels and analyze the apoptosis-associated proteins, respectively. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of C3 was examined in two other hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines with different p53 status including Huh-7 cells (p53-mutant) and Hep3B cells (p53-null). The results indicated that C3 showed stronger inhibition towards HepG2 cells than other cell lines. Fluorescent staining and flow cytometry analysis confirmed that C3 induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. C3 could also increase intracellular ROS and cause a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential. C3 promoted p53 activation and increased p53 accumulation in nuclei. The expression of p53 and Bax was increased with the down-regulation of Bcl-2, which promoted the release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation. Collectively, the study demonstrated that C3 caused HepG2 cell apoptosis via the mitochondria p53 pathway. These results inspired us to further develop indolizine derivatives as potential potent inhibitors against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Liu
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enxian Shao
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daji Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Guanting Li
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Hongliang Huang
- School of Biosciences & Biopharmaceutics and Center for Bioresources & Drug Discovery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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43
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Mello T, Simeone I, Galli A. Mito-Nuclear Communication in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metabolic Rewiring. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050417. [PMID: 31060333 PMCID: PMC6562577 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main metabolic and detoxification organ, the liver constantly adapts its activity to fulfill the energy requirements of the whole body. Despite the remarkable adaptive capacity of the liver, prolonged exposure to noxious stimuli such as alcohol, viruses and metabolic disorders results in the development of chronic liver disease that can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is currently the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Metabolic rewiring is a common feature of cancers, including HCC. Altered mito-nuclear communication is emerging as a driving force in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells, affecting all aspects of cancer biology from neoplastic transformation to acquired drug resistance. Here, we explore relevant aspects (and discuss recent findings) of mito-nuclear crosstalk in the metabolic reprogramming of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Mello
- Clinical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Biomedical Clinical and Experimental Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, V.le Pieraccini 6, Florence 50129, Italy.
| | - Irene Simeone
- Clinical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Biomedical Clinical and Experimental Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, V.le Pieraccini 6, Florence 50129, Italy.
- University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Galli
- Clinical Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Biomedical Clinical and Experimental Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, V.le Pieraccini 6, Florence 50129, Italy.
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Xue YN, Yu BB, Li JL, Guo R, Zhang LC, Sun LK, Liu YN, Li Y. Zinc and p53 disrupt mitochondrial binding of HK2 by phosphorylating VDAC1. Exp Cell Res 2019; 374:249-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Shi JJ, Dang SS. Recent advances in molecular targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:2008-2017. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i34.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of mortality from any type of cancer, and its mortality has risen in recent years in China. Because of its insidious onset, rapid progression, and poor prognosis, HCC has become a hot and difficult research topic. HCC therapy, especially the use and research of molecular targeted drugs, has achived significant advances and opened up a new avenue for the treatment of HCC. In this paper, we will describe the recent advances in the research of of signaling pathways and potential molecular targets, the clinical use of molecular targeted drugs, and new molecular targeted drugs for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuang-Suo Dang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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46
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Le DDT, Jung S, Quynh NTN, Sandag Z, Lee BS, Kim S, Lee H, Lee H, Lee MS. Inhibitory role of AMP‑activated protein kinase in necroptosis of HCT116 colon cancer cells with p53 null mutation under nutrient starvation. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:702-712. [PMID: 30431068 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous induction of other types of programmed cell death, alongside apoptosis, in cancer cells may be considered an attractive strategy for the development of more effective anticancer therapies. The present study aimed to investigate the role of AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) in nutrient/serum starvation‑induced necroptosis, which is a programmed form of necrosis, in the presence or absence of p53. The present study detected higher cell proliferation and lower cell death rates in the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line containing a p53 null mutation (HCT116 p53‑/‑) compared with in HCT116 cells harboring wild‑type p53 (HCT116 p53+/+), as determined using a cell viability assay. Notably, western blot analysis revealed a relatively lower level of necroptosis in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells compared with in HCT116 p53+/+ cells. Investigating the mechanism, it was revealed that necroptosis may be induced in HCT116 p53+/+ cells by significantly increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), whereas little alterations were detected in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells. Unexpectedly, a much lower level of ATP was detected in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells compared with in HCT116 p53+/+ cells. Accordingly, AMPK phosphorylation on the Thr172 residue was markedly increased in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells. Furthermore, western blot analysis and ROS measurements indicated that AMPK inhibition, using dorsomorphin dihydrochloride, accelerated necroptosis by increasing ROS generation in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells. However, AMPK activation by AICAR did not suppress necroptosis in HCT116 p53+/+ cells. In conclusion, these data strongly suggested that AMPK activation may be enhanced in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells under serum‑depleted conditions via a drop in cellular ATP levels. In addition, activated AMPK may be at least partially responsible for the inhibition of necroptosis in HCT116 p53‑/‑ cells, but not in HCT116 p53+/+cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Diem Thi Le
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Samil Jung
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Ngoc Quynh
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Zolzaya Sandag
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Suk Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Subeen Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyegyeong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojeong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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Tian HP, Sun YH, He L, Yi YF, Gao X, Xu DL. Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein 1 Abrogates Cardiac Fibroblast Proliferation and Collagen Expression Induced by Angiotensin II. Int Heart J 2018; 59:1398-1408. [PMID: 30369577 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II), an effective component of renin-angiotensin system, plays a pivotal role in cardiac fibrosis, which may further contribute to heart failure. Single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (SSBP1), a DNA damage response protein, regulates both mitochondrial function and extracellular matrix remodeling. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of SSBP1 in cardiac fibrosis that is induced by Ang II. We infused C57BL/6J mice with vehicle or Ang II and valsartan using implanted osmotic mini-pumps. Moreover, heart function was examined by echocardiography and cardiac fibrosis was analyzed via picrosirus red staining. The expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, SSBP1, p53, Nox1, and Nox4 was analyzed via qRT-PCR and/or immunoblots. The SSBP1 expression was manipulated via SSBP1 shRNA and pcDNA3.1/SSBP1 plasmids, while the p53 expression was enhanced via AdCMV-p53 infection. The exposure to Ang II increased the mouse heart weight, systolic blood pressure, interventricular septal thickness diastolic (IVSTD) and left ventricular end posterior wall dimension diastolic (LVPWD), which were counteracted by valsartan. While cardiac fibrosis was induced with Ang II treatment, it was relieved using valsartan. Furthermore, Ang II treatment caused mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and down-regulated SSBP1 expression. The knockdown of SSBP1 increased cardiac fibroblast proliferation, collagen expression, and decreased p53 expression, which was impeded via SSBP1 overexpression. Moreover, the forced expression of p53 abated the fibroblast proliferation and collagen expression that was induced by Ang II. To summarize, SSBP1 was down-regulated by Ang II and implicated in cardiac fibroblast proliferation and collagen expression partly via the p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Lan He
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Ya-Fang Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University
| | - Ding-Li Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
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Ruiz-Moreno C, Velez-Pardo C, Jimenez-Del-Rio M. Vitamin E d-α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate (TPGS) Provokes Cell Death in Human Neuroblastoma SK-N-SH Cells via a Pro-Oxidant Signaling Mechanism. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:945-953. [PMID: 30092128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common neoplasm during infancy. Unfortunately, NB is still a lethal cancer. Therefore, innovative curative therapies are immediately required. In this study, we showed the prodeath activity of TPGS in human NB SK-N-SH cancer cells. NB cells were exposed to TPGS (10-80 μM). We report for the first time that TPGS induces cell death by apoptosis in NB cells via a pro-oxidant-mediated signaling pathway. Certainly, H2O2 directly oxidizes DJ-1 cysteine106-thiolate into DJ-1 cysteine106-sulfonate, indirectly activates the transcription factors NF-kappaB, p53, and c-JUN, induces the upregulation of mitochondria regulator proteins BAX/PUMA, and provokes the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the activation of caspase-3/AIF, leading to nuclear disintegration, demonstrated by cellular and biochemical techniques such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis. Since TPGS is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmaceutical excipient, this molecule might be used in clinical trials for NB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ruiz-Moreno
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine , University of Antioquia (UdeA) , Calle 70 No. 52-21 and Calle 62 No. 52-59, Building 1, Room 412 , SIU Medellin 500001 , Colombia
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine , University of Antioquia (UdeA) , Calle 70 No. 52-21 and Calle 62 No. 52-59, Building 1, Room 412 , SIU Medellin 500001 , Colombia
| | - Marlene Jimenez-Del-Rio
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine , University of Antioquia (UdeA) , Calle 70 No. 52-21 and Calle 62 No. 52-59, Building 1, Room 412 , SIU Medellin 500001 , Colombia
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49
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Role of Oxidative and Nitro-Oxidative Damage in Silver Nanoparticles Cytotoxic Effect against Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8251961. [PMID: 30186549 PMCID: PMC6116403 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8251961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies, where the 5-year survival rate is less than 4% worldwide. Successful treatment of pancreatic cancer is a challenge for today's oncology. Several studies showed that increased levels of oxidative stress may cause cancer cells damage and death. Therefore, we hypothesized that oxidative as well as nitro-oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms inducing pancreatic cancer programmed cell death. We decided to use silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (2.6 and 18 nm) as a key factor triggering the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PANC-1). Previously, we have found that AgNPs induced PANC-1 cells death. Furthermore, it is known that AgNPs may induce an accumulation of ROS and alteration of antioxidant systems in different type of tumors, and they are indicated as promising agents for cancer therapy. Then, the aim of our study was to evaluate the implication of oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress in this cytotoxic effect of AgNPs against PANC-1 cells. We determined AgNP-induced increase of ROS level in PANC-1 cells and pancreatic noncancer cell (hTERT-HPNE) for comparison purposes. We found that the increase was lower in noncancer cells. Reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and changes in the cell cycle were also observed. Additionally, we determined the increase in RNS level: nitric oxide (NO) and nitric dioxide (NO2) in PANC-1 cells, together with increase in family of nitric oxide synthases (iNOS, eNOS, and nNOS) at protein and mRNA level. Disturbance of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3), glutathione peroxidase (GPX-4) and catalase (CAT) were proved at protein and mRNA level. Moreover, we showed cells ultrastructural changes, characteristic for oxidative damage. Summarizing, oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress and mitochondrial disruption are implicated in AgNPs-mediated death in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells.
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50
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Deyu H, Luqing C, Xianglian L, Pu G, Qirong L, Xu W, Zonghui Y. Protective mechanisms involving enhanced mitochondrial functions and mitophagy against T-2 toxin-induced toxicities in GH3 cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 295:41-53. [PMID: 29870751 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is the most toxic member of trichothecene mycotoxin. So far, the mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity and protective mechanism in mammalian cells against T-2 toxin are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity of T-2 toxin, and the cellular protective mechanisms in rat pituitary GH3 cells. We showed that T-2 toxin significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage and caused apoptosis in GH3 cells. T-2 toxin induced abnormal cell morphology, cytoplasm and nuclear shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation and formation of apoptotic bodies and autophagosomes. The mitochondrial degradative morphologies included local or total cristae collapse and small condensed mitochondria. T-2 toxin decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. However, T-2 toxin significantly increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and expression of antioxidant genes glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1), catalase (CAT), mitochondria-specific SOD-2 and mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1, -2 and -3 (UCP-1, 2 and 3). Interestingly, T-2 toxin increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and mitochondrial complex I activity, and increased the expression of most of mitochondrial electron transport chain subunits tested and critical transcription factors controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. T-2 toxin increased mitophagic activity by increasing the expression of mitophagy-specific proteins NIP-like protein X (NIX), PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin. T-2 toxin activated the protective protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, which activated the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/PINK1/Parkin pathway to mediate mitophagy. Taken together, our results suggested that the mammalian cells could increase their resistance against T-2 toxin by increasing the antioxidant activity, mitophagy and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Deyu
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Cui Luqing
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Liu Xianglian
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Guo Pu
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lu Qirong
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Yuan Zonghui
- Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Department of Animal Sciences & Technology, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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