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Huang S, Luo L, Wen B, Liu X, Yu K, Zhang M. Metabolic signatures of two scleractinian corals from the northern South China sea in response to extreme high temperature events. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106490. [PMID: 38636276 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Coral bleaching events are becoming increasingly common worldwide, causing widespread coral mortality. However, not all colonies within the same coral taxa show sensitivity to bleaching events, and the current understanding of the metabolic mechanisms underlying thermal bleaching in corals remains limited. We used untargeted metabolomics to analyze the biochemical processes involved in the survival of two bleaching phenotypes of the common corals Pavona decussata and Acropora pruinosa, during a severe bleaching event in the northern South China Sea in 2020. During thermal bleaching, P. decussata and A. pruinosa significantly accumulated energy products such as succinate and EPA, antioxidants and inflammatory markers, and reduced energy storage substances like glutamate and thymidine. KEGG analysis revealed enrichment of energy production pathways such as ABC transporters, nucleotide metabolism and lipid metabolism, suggesting the occurrence of oxidative stress and energy metabolism disorders in bleached corals. Notably, heat stress exerted distinct effects on metabolic pathways in the two coral species, e.g., P. decussata activating carbohydrate metabolism pathways like glycolysis and the TCA cycle, along with amino acid metabolism pathways, whereas A. pruinosa significantly altered the content of multiple small peptides affected amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, the osmoregulatory potential of corals correlates with their ability to survive in heat-stress environments in the wild. This study provides valuable insights into the metabolic mechanisms linked to thermal tolerance in reef-building corals, contributes to the understanding of corals' adaptive potential to heat stress induced by global warming and lays the foundation for developing targeted conservation strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Li Luo
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Beihua Wen
- School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xurui Liu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Man Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Coral Reef Research Center of China, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Sun Y, Qin H, Zhang C, Xu J, Zhang T. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Sanyeqing) root extracts evoke S phase arrest while inhibiting the migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:133. [PMID: 38539165 PMCID: PMC10967071 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethyl acetate extracts from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (Sanyeqing) (EFT), a member of the Vitaceae plant family, have been shown to exhibit efficacy against a variety of cancers. In this light, our current study seeks to examine the mechanism of efficacy between EFT extracts and human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. METHODS The chemical components of EFT were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of EFT on PANC-1 cells was measured using an MTT assay. In order to investigate EFT induction of cell cycle arrest, changes in cell-cycle distribution were monitored by flow cytometry. Wound healing and transwell assays were employed to investigate whether migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells were inhibited by EFT. Relative protein expression was detected using Western blot. RESULTS GC-MS analysis of the chemical composition of EFT revealed that the majority of constituents were organic acids and their corresponding esters. EFT exhibits measurable cytotoxicity and inhibition of PANC-1 invasion. Growth inhibition was primarily attributed to downregulation of CDK2 which induces cell cycle arrest in the S-phase. Inhibition of metastasis is achieved through downregulation of mesenchymal-associated genes/activators, including ZEB1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Fibronectin. Meanwhile, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased by EFT treatment. Furthermore, downregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed. CONCLUSION Treatment of PANC-1 with EFT demonstrated measurable cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, EFT evoked S phase arrest while inhibiting the migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells. Additionally, EFT inhibited the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and MMPs expression in PANC-1 cells. This study serves to confirm the strong therapeutic potential of EFT while identifying the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
- Nanjing Healthnice Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd CN, Nanjing, 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunchun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310053, People's Republic of China.
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Yu J, Yang H, Zhang L, Ran S, Shi Q, Peng P, Liu Q, Song L. Effect and potential mechanism of oncometabolite succinate promotes distant metastasis of colorectal cancer by activating STAT3. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:106. [PMID: 38486162 PMCID: PMC10938789 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of Oncometabolite succinate on colorectal cancer migration and invasion and to initially explore the underlying mechanism.Succinate acid detection kit detected the succinate content in tissues. The growth of colorectal cancer cells was measured by cck-8 assay, wound-healing migration assay and transwell migration and invasion assays, and then explored the level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and STAT3/ p-STAT3 expression by western blot analysis and quantitative real-time PCR for mRNA expression. We found that succinate levels were significantly higher in carcinoma tissues than paracancerous tissues. After succinate treatment, the colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 and HCT116 had enhanced migration and invasion, the expression of biomarkers of EMT was promoted, and significantly increased phosphorylation of STAT3. In vivo experiments also showed that succinate can increase p-STAT3 expression, promote the EMT process, and promote the distant metastasis of colorectal cancer in mice.Succinate promotes EMT through the activation of the transcription factor STAT3, thus promoting the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen Medical University Guizhou Branch, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Suye Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Pailan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Lingyu Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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Chen H, Jin C, Xie L, Wu J. Succinate as a signaling molecule in the mediation of liver diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166935. [PMID: 37976628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Succinate, one of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, plays an essential role in the metabolism of mitochondria and the production of energy, and is considered as a signaling molecule in metabolism as well as in initiation and progression of hepatic diseases. Of note, succinate activates a downstream signaling pathway through GPR91, and elicits a variety of intracellular responses, such as succinylation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and significant impact in cellular metabolism because of the pivotal role in the TCA cycle. Therefore, it is intriguing to deeply elucidate signaling mechanisms of succinate in hepatic fibrosis, metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory or immune responses, as well as carcinogenesis. This manuscript intends to review current understanding of succinate in mediating metabolism, inflammatory and immunologic reactions in liver diseases in order to establish molecular basis for the development of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; College of Clinical College, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Kubatzky KF, Gao Y, Yu D. Post-translational modulation of cell signalling through protein succinylation. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:1260-1285. [PMID: 38213532 PMCID: PMC10776603 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells need to adapt their activities to extra- and intracellular signalling cues. To translate a received extracellular signal, cells have specific receptors that transmit the signal to downstream proteins so that it can reach the nucleus to initiate or repress gene transcription. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are reversible or irreversible chemical modifications that help to further modulate protein activity. The most commonly observed PTMs are the phosphorylation of serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, followed by acetylation, glycosylation, and amidation. In addition to PTMs that involve the modification of a certain amino acid (phosphorylation, hydrophobic groups for membrane localisation, or chemical groups like acylation), or the conjugation of peptides (SUMOylation, NEDDylation), structural changes such as the formation of disulphide bridge, protein cleavage or splicing can also be classified as PTMs. Recently, it was discovered that metabolites from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are not only intermediates that support cellular metabolism but can also modify lysine residues. This has been shown for acetate, succinate, and lactate, among others. Due to the importance of mitochondria for the overall fitness of organisms, the regulatory function of such PTMs is critical for protection from aging, neurodegeneration, or cardiovascular disease. Cancer cells and activated immune cells display a phenotype of accelerated metabolic activity known as the Warburg effect. This metabolic state is characterised by enhanced glycolysis, the use of the pentose phosphate pathway as well as a disruption of the TCA cycle, ultimately causing the accumulation of metabolites like citrate, succinate, and malate. Succinate can then serve as a signalling molecule by directly interacting with proteins, by binding to its G protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91) and by post-translationally modifying proteins through succinylation of lysine residues, respectively. This review is focus on the process of protein succinylation and its importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina F. Kubatzky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dayoung Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Getsina M, Tsyba N, Polyakov P, Beloborodova N, Chernevskaya E. Blood Serum and Drainage Microbial and Mitochondrial Metabolites in Patients after Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:1198. [PMID: 38132880 PMCID: PMC10744670 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has the highest mortality rate of all major cancers in the world despite improvements in clinical care and an understanding of the biology of pancreatic cancer. A study of 64 patients with verified pancreatic cancer who underwent surgery was included. Sampling was carried out at three points: before surgery and on days 1-3 after surgery and 5-7 days after surgery. Drainage fluid collection was taken from the drains installed intraoperatively one day after surgery. Tyrosine and phenylalanine metabolites and two mitochondrial metabolites, namely succinic and fumaric acids, were identified and quantified by GC-MS in the serum of healthy donors and patients. Differences in the metabolomic profile were found between the patients and healthy people. A statistically significant decrease in the level of p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid (p-HPhLA), the amount of sum 3 sepsis-associated metabolites (Σ 3AMM), as well as fumaric and succinic acids in patients was observed. It was also noted that p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid in the preoperative period may be considered as a predictor of complications and longer postoperative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Getsina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 25-2 Petrovka Str., 107031 Moscow, Russia
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Liu C, Zhou D, Yang K, Xu N, Peng J, Zhu Z. Research progress on the pathogenesis of the SDHB mutation and related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115500. [PMID: 37734265 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the improvement of genetic testing technology in diseases in recent years, researchers have a more detailed and clear understanding of the source of cancers. Succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), a mitochondrial gene, is related to the metabolic activities of cells and tissues throughout the body. The mutations of SDHB have been found in pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and other cancers, and is proved to affect the occurrence and progress of those cancers due to the important structural functions. The importance of SDHB is attracting more and more attention of researchers, however, reviews on the structure and function of SDHB, as well as on the mechanism of its carcinogenesis is inadequate. This paper reviews the relationship between SDHB mutations and related cancers, discusses the molecular mechanism of SDHB mutations that may lead to tumor formation, analyzes the mutation spectrum, structural domains, and penetrance of SDHB and sorts out some of the previously discovered diseases. For the patients with SDHB mutation, it is recommended that people in SDHB mutation families undergo regular genetic testing or SDHB immunohistochemistry (IHC). The purpose of this paper is hopefully to provide some reference and help for follow-up researches on SDHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Ambulatory Surgical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Dayang Zhou
- Ambulatory Surgical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Kexin Yang
- Department of Surgical oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Ambulatory Surgical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Jibang Peng
- Department of Surgical oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Ambulatory Surgical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming 650032, China.
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Shen R, Ruan H, Lin S, Liu B, Song H, Li L, Ma T. Lysine succinylation, the metabolic bridge between cancer and immunity. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2470-2478. [PMID: 37554179 PMCID: PMC10404875 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine succinylation is a naturally occurring post-translational modification (PTM) that regulates the stability and function of proteins. It can be regulated by enzymes such as SIRT5 and SIRT7. Recently, the effect and significance of lysine succinylation in cancer and its implication in immunity have been extensively explored. Lysine succinylation is involved in the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. Abnormal regulation of lysine succinylation occurs in different cancers, and inhibitors targeting lysine succinylation regulatory enzymes can be used as potential anti-cancer strategies. Therefore, this review focused on the target protein lysine succinylation and its functions in cancer and immunity, in order to provide a reference for finding more potential clinical cancer targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Hongyun Ruan
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Shuye Lin
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Cancer Research Centre, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
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Porto JG, Arbelaez MCS, Pena B, Khandekar A, Malpani A, Nahar B, Punnen S, Ritch CR, Gonzalgo ML, Parekh DJ, Marcovich R, Shah HN. The Influence of the Microbiome on Urological Malignancies: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4984. [PMID: 37894351 PMCID: PMC10605095 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome, once considered peripheral, is emerging as a relevant player in the intricate web of factors contributing to cancer development and progression. These often overlooked microorganisms, in the context of urological malignancies, have been investigated primarily focusing on the gut microbiome, while exploration of urogenital microorganisms remains limited. Considering this, our systematic review delves into the complex role of these understudied actors in various neoplastic conditions, including prostate, bladder, kidney, penile, and testicular cancers. Our analysis found a total of 37 studies (prostate cancer 12, bladder cancer 20, kidney cancer 4, penile/testicular cancer 1), revealing distinct associations specific to each condition and hinting at potential therapeutic avenues and future biomarker discoveries. It becomes evident that further research is imperative to unravel the complexities of this domain and provide a more comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao G. Porto
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | - Brandon Pena
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Archan Khandekar
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ankur Malpani
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Bruno Nahar
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sanoj Punnen
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Chad R. Ritch
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Mark L. Gonzalgo
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dipen J. Parekh
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Robert Marcovich
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Hemendra N. Shah
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Zhang W, Lang R. Succinate metabolism: a promising therapeutic target for inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1266973. [PMID: 37808079 PMCID: PMC10556696 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1266973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate serves as an essential circulating metabolite within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and functions as a substrate for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), thereby contributing to energy production in fundamental mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Aberrant changes in succinate concentrations have been associated with pathological states, including chronic inflammation, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury, and cancer, resulting from the exaggerated response of specific immune cells, thereby rendering it a central area of investigation. Recent studies have elucidated the pivotal involvement of succinate and SDH in immunity beyond metabolic processes, particularly in the context of cancer. Current scientific endeavors are concentrated on comprehending the functional repercussions of metabolic modifications, specifically pertaining to succinate and SDH, in immune cells operating within a hypoxic milieu. The efficacy of targeting succinate and SDH alterations to manipulate immune cell functions in hypoxia-related diseases have been demonstrated. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of succinate's role in metabolism and the regulation of SDH is crucial for effectively targeting succinate and SDH as therapeutic interventions to influence the progression of specific diseases. This review provides a succinct overview of the latest advancements in comprehending the emerging functions of succinate and SDH in metabolic processes. Furthermore, it explores the involvement of succinate, an intermediary of the TCA cycle, in chronic inflammation, IR injury, and cancer, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying succinate accumulation. This review critically assesses the potential of modulating succinate accumulation and metabolism within the hypoxic milieu as a means to combat various diseases. It explores potential targets for therapeutic interventions by focusing on succinate metabolism and the regulation of SDH in hypoxia-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Xu J, Yang Y, Li X, Ding S, Zheng L, Xiong C, Yang Y. Pleiotropic activities of succinate: The interplay between gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases. IMETA 2023; 2:e124. [PMID: 38867936 PMCID: PMC10989957 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant contributor to global mortality, imposing a substantial burden and emphasizing the urgent need for disease control to save lives and prevent disability. With advancements in technology and scientific research, novel mechanisms underlying CVDs have been uncovered, leading to the exploration of promising treatment targets aimed at reducing the global burden of the disease. One of the most intriguing findings is the relationship between CVDs and gut microbiota, challenging the traditional understanding of CVDs mechanisms and introducing the concept of the gut-heart axis. The gut microbiota, through changes in microbial compositions and functions, plays a crucial role in influencing local and systemic effects on host physiology and disease development, with its metabolites acting as key regulators. In previous studies, we have emphasized the importance of specific metabolites such as betaine, putrescine, trimethylamine oxide, and N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid in the potential treatment of CVDs. Particularly noteworthy is the gut microbiota-associated metabolite succinate, which has garnered significant attention due to its involvement in various pathophysiological pathways closely related to CVDs pathogenesis, including immunoinflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism. Furthermore, we have identified succinate as a potential biomarker, highlighting its therapeutic feasibility in managing aortic dissection and aneurysm. This review aims to comprehensively outline the characteristics of succinate, including its biosynthetic process, summarize the current evidence linking it to CVDs causation, and emphasize the host-microbial crosstalk involved in modulating CVDs. The insights presented here offer a novel paradigm for future management and control of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yicheng Yang
- Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xin Li
- Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shusi Ding
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Tiantan Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionThe Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lemin Zheng
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Tiantan Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionThe Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Health Science CenterPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Changming Xiong
- Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yuejin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Zhang W, Zhao Y, He Q, Lang R. Therapeutically targeting essential metabolites to improve immunometabolism manipulation after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1211126. [PMID: 37492564 PMCID: PMC10363744 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver malignancy worldwide and is associated with a poor prognosis. Sophisticated molecular mechanisms and biological characteristics need to be explored to gain a better understanding of HCC. The role of metabolites in cancer immunometabolism has been widely recognized as a hallmark of cancer in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have focused on metabolites that are derived from carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, because alterations in these may contribute to HCC progression, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during liver transplantation (LT), and post-LT rejection. Immune cells play a central role in the HCC microenvironment and the duration of IR or rejection. They shape immune responses through metabolite modifications and by engaging in complex crosstalk with tumor cells. A growing number of publications suggest that immune cell functions in the TME are closely linked to metabolic changes. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the primary metabolites in the TME and post-LT metabolism and relate these studies to HCC development, IR injury, and post-LT rejection. Our understanding of aberrant metabolism and metabolite targeting based on regulatory metabolic pathways may provide a novel strategy to enhance immunometabolism manipulation by reprogramming cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Cao Z, Mu S, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zou G, Yuan X, Huang Y, Yu S, Zhang J, Zhang C. Succinate pretreatment attenuates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting necroptosis and inflammation via upregulating Klf4. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110425. [PMID: 37285681 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathophysiological process in various diseases, and the disruption of the intestinal barrier composed of tight junction proteins is the initiating factor, which then leads to a large number of bacteria and endotoxins in the intestine into the bloodstream causing stress and distant organ damage. The release of inflammatory mediators and abnormal programmed death of intestinal epithelial cells are important factors of intestinal barrier damage. Succinate is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic activities, but its role in the maintenance of intestinal barrier homeostasis after I/R has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the effect of succinate on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and the possible mechanism of its role by flow cytometry, western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR and immunostaining. The results of pretreatment with succinate in the mouse intestinal I/R model and IEC-6 cells hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model revealed a reduction in tissue damage, necroptosis and associated inflammation due to ischemia-reperfusion. Furthermore, it was found that the protective effect of succinate pretreatment may be associated with the transcriptional upregulation of the inflammatory protein KLF4 and the protective effect of intestinal barrier of succinate was diminished after inhibition of KLF4. Thus, our results suggest that succinate can exert a protective effect in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through upregulation of KLF4 and also demonstrate the potential therapeutic value of succinate pretreatment in acute I/R injury of the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Silong Mu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Maihuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guijun Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinpu Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Siwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Chaojun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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14
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Plaza-Diaz J, Álvarez-Mercado AI. The Interplay between Microbiota and Chemotherapy-Derived Metabolites in Breast Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:703. [PMID: 37367861 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common cancer in women is breast cancer, which is also the second leading cause of death in this group. It is, however, important to note that some women will develop or will not develop breast cancer regardless of whether certain known risk factors are present. On the other hand, certain compounds are produced by bacteria in the gut, such as short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and other metabolites that may be linked to breast cancer development and mediate the chemotherapy response. Modeling the microbiota through dietary intervention and identifying metabolites directly associated with breast cancer and its complications may be useful to identify actionable targets and improve the effect of antiangiogenic therapies. Metabolomics is therefore a complementary approach to metagenomics for this purpose. As a result of the combination of both techniques, a better understanding of molecular biology and oncogenesis can be obtained. This article reviews recent literature about the influence of bacterial metabolites and chemotherapy metabolites in breast cancer patients, as well as the influence of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-Mercado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
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15
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Casas-Benito A, Martínez-Herrero S, Martínez A. Succinate-Directed Approaches for Warburg Effect-Targeted Cancer Management, an Alternative to Current Treatments? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2862. [PMID: 37345199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately a century ago, Otto Warburg discovered that cancer cells use a fermentative rather than oxidative metabolism even though the former is more inefficient in terms of energy production per molecule of glucose. Cancer cells increase the use of this fermentative metabolism even in the presence of oxygen, and this process is called aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. This alternative metabolism is mainly characterized by higher glycolytic rates, which allow cancer cells to obtain higher amounts of total ATP, and the production of lactate, but there are also an activation of protumoral signaling pathways and the generation of molecules that favor cancer progression. One of these molecules is succinate, a Krebs cycle intermediate whose concentration is increased in cancer and which is considered an oncometabolite. Several protumoral actions have been associated to succinate and its role in several cancer types has been already described. Despite playing a major role in metabolism and cancer, so far, the potential of succinate as a target in cancer prevention and treatment has remained mostly unexplored, as most previous Warburg-directed anticancer strategies have focused on other intermediates. In this review, we aim to summarize succinate's protumoral functions and discuss the use of succinate expression regulators as a potential cancer therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Casas-Benito
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Sonia Martínez-Herrero
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
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16
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Cai W, Zhang J, Yu Y, Ni Y, Wei Y, Cheng Y, Han L, Xiao L, Ma X, Wei H, Ji Y, Zhang Y. Mitochondrial Transfer Regulates Cell Fate Through Metabolic Remodeling in Osteoporosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204871. [PMID: 36507570 PMCID: PMC9896036 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of eukaryotic cells, which regulate cell metabolism and differentiation. Recently, mitochondrial transfer between cells has been shown to direct recipient cell fate. However, it is unclear whether mitochondria can translocate to stem cells and whether this transfer alters stem cell fate. Here, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) regulation is examined by macrophages in the bone marrow environment. It is found that macrophages promote osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by delivering mitochondria to MSCs. However, under osteoporotic conditions, macrophages with altered phenotypes, and metabolic statuses release oxidatively damaged mitochondria. Increased mitochondrial transfer of M1-like macrophages to MSCs triggers a reactive oxygen species burst, which leads to metabolic remodeling. It is showed that abnormal metabolism in MSCs is caused by the abnormal succinate accumulation, which is a key factor in abnormal osteogenic differentiation. These results reveal that mitochondrial transfer from macrophages to MSCs allows metabolic crosstalk to regulate bone homeostasis. This mechanism identifies a potential target for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Jinglun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yiqian Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yan Wei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yihong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Litian Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Leyi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral BiomedicineMinistry of EducationSchool and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China
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17
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Identification of Therapeutic Targets for Medulloblastoma by Tissue-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Model. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020779. [PMID: 36677837 PMCID: PMC9864031 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB), occurring in the cerebellum, is the most common childhood brain tumor. Because conventional methods decline life quality and endanger children with detrimental side effects, computer models are needed to imitate the characteristics of cancer cells and uncover effective therapeutic targets with minimum toxic effects on healthy cells. In this study, metabolic changes specific to MB were captured by the genome-scale metabolic brain model integrated with transcriptome data. To determine the roles of sphingolipid metabolism in proliferation and metastasis in the cancer cell, 79 reactions were incorporated into the MB model. The pathways employed by MB without a carbon source and the link between metastasis and the Warburg effect were examined in detail. To reveal therapeutic targets for MB, biomass-coupled reactions, the essential genes/gene products, and the antimetabolites, which might deplete the use of metabolites in cells by triggering competitive inhibition, were determined. As a result, interfering with the enzymes associated with fatty acid synthesis (FAs) and the mevalonate pathway in cholesterol synthesis, suppressing cardiolipin production, and tumor-supporting sphingolipid metabolites might be effective therapeutic approaches for MB. Moreover, decreasing the activity of succinate synthesis and GABA-catalyzing enzymes concurrently might be a promising strategy for metastatic MB.
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18
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Nan H, Guo P, Fan J, Zeng W, Hu C, Zheng C, Pan B, Cao Y, Ge Y, Xue X, Li W, Lin K. Comprehensive analysis of the prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy response of SDHs in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1093974. [PMID: 36949947 PMCID: PMC10025334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1093974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), one of the key enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is mainly found in the mitochondria. SDH consists of four subunits encoding SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD. The biological function of SDH is significantly related to cancer progression. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors globally, whose most common histological subtype is colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). However, the correlation between SDH factors and COAD remains unclear. Methods The data on pan-cancer was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the prognostic ability of SDHs. The cBioPortal database reflected genetic variations of SDHs. The correlation analysis was conducted between SDHs and mitochondrial energy metabolism genes (MMGs) and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built. Consequently, Univariate and Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis on SDHs and other clinical characteristics were conducted. A nomogram was established. The ssGSEA analysis visualized the association between SDHs and immune infiltration. Immunophenoscore (IPS) explored the correlation between SDHs and immunotherapy, and the correlation between SDHs and targeted therapy was investigated through Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer. Finally, qPCR and immunohistochemistry detected SDHs' expression. Results After assessing SDHs differential expression in pan-cancer, we found that SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD benefit COAD patients. The cBioPortal database demonstrated that SDHA was the top gene in mutation frequency rank. Correlation analysis mirrored a strong link between SDHs and MMGs. We formulated a nomogram and found that SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, and clinical characteristics correlated with COAD patients' survival. For T helper cells, Th2 cells, and Tem, SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD were significantly enriched in the high expression group. Moreover, COAD patients with high SDHA expression were more suitable for immunotherapy. And COAD patients with different SDHs' expression have different sensitivity to targeted drugs. Further verifying the gene and protein expression levels of SDHs, we found that the tissues were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis. Conclusions Our study analyzed the expression and prognostic value of SDHs in COAD, explored the pathway mechanisms involved, and the immune cell correlations, indicating that SDHs might be biomarkers for COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Nan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengkun Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianing Fan
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chonghan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Can Zheng
- The First School of Medicine, School of Information and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bujian Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwen Ge
- School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Experiemtial Center of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyang Xue, ; Wenshu Li, ; Kezhi Lin,
| | - Wenshu Li
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyang Xue, ; Wenshu Li, ; Kezhi Lin,
| | - Kezhi Lin
- Wenzhou Collaborative Innovation Center of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Basic Research and Precision Medicine, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Cancer-related Pathogens and Immunity, Experiemtial Center of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyang Xue, ; Wenshu Li, ; Kezhi Lin,
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Ranjan P, Dubey VK. Krebs cycle enzymes for targeted therapeutics and immunotherapy for anti-leishmanial drug development using: Pathways, potential targets, and future perspectives. Life Sci 2022; 322:121314. [PMID: 36566880 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic and neglected tropical disease which majorly impacts poor and developing nations. One of the significant factors that impacts the severity of the pathological condition includes the socioeconomic background of the affected region. The rise of drug-resistant Leishmania is a serious concern for the effectiveness of the present treatment. As a result, the drug options need to be relooked immediately. Leishmania employs Krebs cycle intermediates for its needs after infection for establishing various defense mechanisms to escape the host immune responses. Nevertheless, a variety of immunological reactions are also seen during infection, which clear the parasites. One of the more promising strategies in this regard would involve combining targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The targeted treatments work by obstructing vital pathways that are required for Leishmania to grow and survive. The mechanism of action of immunotherapy is the control of the host immune response, which entails the blockage of molecular pathways essential for the growth and maintenance of the parasite. The Krebs cycle intermediates have important biochemical roles. Additionally, in macrophages and dendritic cells, they play roles as signalling molecules for controlling inflammatory responses. The review brings together the available literature about the importance of Krebs cycle metabolites as potential treatment targets for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Ranjan
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP 221005, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP 221005, India.
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20
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Najm R, Hachim MY, Kandasamy RK. Divulging a Pleiotropic Role of Succinate Receptor SUCNR1 in Renal Cell Carcinoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246064. [PMID: 36551549 PMCID: PMC9776839 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The succinate receptor, SUCNR1, has been attributed to tumor progression, metastasis, and immune response modulation upon its activation via the oncometabolite succinate. Nonetheless, little is known about the prognostic relevance of SUCNR1 and its association with tumor immune infiltrates and microbiota in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Herein, publicly available platforms including Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, TIMER2.0, and TISIDB were utilized to depict a divergent implication of SUCNR1 in the immune microenvironment of clear cell RCC (KIRC) and papillary RCC (KIRP); the two major subtypes of RCC. Our results showed that the SUCNR1 expression level was augmented in RCC compared to other solid cancers, yet with opposite survival rate predictions in RCC subtypes. Consequently, a higher expression level of SUCNR1 was associated with a good disease-specific survival rate (p = 5.797 × 10-5) in KIRC patients albeit a poor prognostic prediction in KIRP patients (p = 1.9282 × 10-3). Intriguingly, SUCNR1 was mainly correlated to immunomodulators and diverse immune infiltrates in KIRP. Additionally, the SUCNR1 was mostly associated with a repertoire of microbes including beneficial bacteria that likely influenced a better disease-specific survival rate in KIRC. Our findings illustrate a significant novel subtype-specific role of SUCNR1 in RCC which potentially modulates tumor immune infiltration and microbiome signature, hence altering the prognosis of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Najm
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmood Yaseen Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard K. Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: or
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Zhang L, Li N, Chen S, Bian X, Farag MA, Ge Y, Xiao J, Wu JL. Carboxyl-containing compounds in food: Category, functions, and analysis with chemical derivatization-based LC-MS. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Xing S, Li P, He S, Cao Z, Wang X, Cao X, Liu B, Chen C, You H, Li ZH. Physiological responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) induced by combined stress of environmental salinity and triphenyltin. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 180:105736. [PMID: 36049432 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyltin (TPT) has attracted considerable attention owing to its vitality, bioaccumulation, and lurking damage. TPT widely exists in complex salinity areas such as estuaries and coastal regions. However, there are few studies on the toxicological behavior of TPT under different salinity. In the study, juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were utilized as model animals to investigate the effects of environmental relevant TPT exposure on the osmoregulation and energy metabolism in gill under different salinity. The results showed that salinity and TPT single or combined exposure affected the morphology of the gill tissue. After TPT exposure, Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) activity significantly decreased at 0 ppt, while NKA and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase (CMA) activities significantly increased at 15 ppt. In addition, significantly higher succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were found in the control fish compared to the TPT-exposed ones at 15 ppt. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that TPT exposure affected the expression of osmoregulation and energy metabolism-related genes under different salinity. Overall, TPT exposure interfered with osmoregulation and energy metabolism under different salinity. The study will provide reference data for assessing the toxicity of organotin compounds in complex-salinity areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shuwen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhihan Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Xuqian Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Chengzhuang Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources & Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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23
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Chen C, Wang Z, Qin Y. Connections between metabolism and epigenetics: mechanisms and novel anti-cancer strategy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:935536. [PMID: 35935878 PMCID: PMC9354823 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.935536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic adaptations to sustain their growth and proliferation under several stress conditions thereby displaying metabolic plasticity. Epigenetic modification is known to occur at the DNA, histone, and RNA level, which can alter chromatin state. For almost a century, our focus in cancer biology is dominated by oncogenic mutations. Until recently, the connection between metabolism and epigenetics in a reciprocal manner was spotlighted. Explicitly, several metabolites serve as substrates and co-factors of epigenetic enzymes to carry out post-translational modifications of DNA and histone. Genetic mutations in metabolic enzymes facilitate the production of oncometabolites that ultimately impact epigenetics. Numerous evidences also indicate epigenome is sensitive to cancer metabolism. Conversely, epigenetic dysfunction is certified to alter metabolic enzymes leading to tumorigenesis. Further, the bidirectional relationship between epigenetics and metabolism can impact directly and indirectly on immune microenvironment, which might create a new avenue for drug discovery. Here we summarize the effects of metabolism reprogramming on epigenetic modification, and vice versa; and the latest advances in targeting metabolism-epigenetic crosstalk. We also discuss the principles linking cancer metabolism, epigenetics and immunity, and seek optimal immunotherapy-based combinations.
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Kong E, Li Y, Deng M, Hua T, Yang M, Li J, Feng X, Yuan H. Glycometabolism Reprogramming of Glial Cells in Central Nervous System: Novel Target for Neuropathic Pain. Front Immunol 2022; 13:861290. [PMID: 35669777 PMCID: PMC9163495 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia. Inflammatory response is conducive to tissue recovery upon nerve injury, but persistent and exaggerated inflammation is detrimental and participates in neuropathic pain. Synaptic transmission in the nociceptive pathway, and particularly the balance between facilitation and inhibition, could be affected by inflammation, which in turn is regulated by glial cells. Importantly, glycometabolism exerts a vital role in the inflammatory process. Glycometabolism reprogramming of inflammatory cells in neuropathic pain is characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and enhanced glycolysis. These changes induce phenotypic transition of inflammatory cells to promote neural inflammation and oxidative stress in peripheral and central nervous system. Accumulation of lactate in synaptic microenvironment also contributes to synaptic remodeling and central sensitization. Previous studies mainly focused on the glycometabolism reprogramming in peripheral inflammatory cells such as macrophage or lymphocyte, little attention was paid to the regulation effects of glycometabolism reprogramming on the inflammatory responses in glial cells. This review summarizes the evidences for glycometabolism reprogramming in peripheral inflammatory cells, and presents a small quantity of present studies on glycometabolism in glial cells, expecting to promote the exploration in glycometabolism in glial cells of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erliang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The No. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqiu Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The No. 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Zhao P, Shen Y, Li M, Dan H, Zhao Z, Zhang J. Integration of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveals the Antitumor Mechanism Underlying Tadalafil in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:793499. [PMID: 35694253 PMCID: PMC9184725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.793499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential role of tadalafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, in anticancer activity and prolonged survival has been proposed. However, the systematic effects of tadalafil in colorectal cancer were not fully understood. In this study, we assessed the anti-tumor activity of tadalafil in human colorectal cancer cells. A systematic perspective of the tadalafil-induced anti-tumor mechanism was provided by the integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics. We found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in microRNAs in cancer, purine metabolism, glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism. Amino acid metabolism, especially alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism was the most of the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) through the analysis of metabolomics. The conjoint analysis of DEGs and DAMs presented that they were also mainly involved in alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Amino acid metabolism-related genes, GPT, GGT5, and TAT, were significantly decreased after tadalafil treatment. In particular, the disturbance of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism may be the explanation for the major mechanism resulting from tadalafil anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yao Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- The Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanjun Dan
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- The Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiming Zhao, ; Jian Zhang,
| | - Jian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiming Zhao, ; Jian Zhang,
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Zhang S, Liang Y, Li L, Chen Y, Wu P, Wei D. Succinate: A Novel Mediator to Promote Atherosclerotic Lesion Progression. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:285-291. [PMID: 35138943 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Succinate is an important intermediate product of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Recent studies revealed that beyond its known traditional metabolic functions, succinate plays important roles in signal transduction, immunity, inflammation, and posttranslational modification. Recent studies showed that patients and mouse models with cardiovascular disease have high levels of serum succinate and succinate accumulation. Atherosclerosis (As) is the pathological basis of cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and peripheral vascular disease, and is a major factor affecting human health. This article reviews the progression of succinate in As diseases and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yamin Liang
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lu Li
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Dangheng Wei
- Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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27
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Targeting Glioblastoma via Selective Alteration of Mitochondrial Redox State. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030485. [PMID: 35158753 PMCID: PMC8833725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is characterized by a pronounced redox imbalance due to elevated glycolytic and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. New therapeutic strategies have been developed to modulate glioblastoma redox signaling to effectively suppress growth and prolong survival. However, drug selectivity and therapeutic relapse prove to be the major challenges. We describe a pharmacological strategy for the selective targeting and treatment of glioblastoma using the redox active combination drug menadione/ascorbate, which is characterized by tolerance to normal cells and tissues. Menadione/ascorbate treatment of glioblastoma mice suppressed tumor growth and significantly increased survival without adverse side effects. This is accompanied by increased oxidative stress, decreased reducing capacity and decreased cellular density in the tumor alone, as well as increased brain perfusion and decreased regulation of several oncoproteins and oncometabolites, which implies modulation of the immune response and reduced drug resistance. We believe that this therapeutic strategy is feasible and promising and deserves the attention of clinicians. Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive brain tumors, characterized by a pronounced redox imbalance, expressed in a high oxidative capacity of cancer cells due to their elevated glycolytic and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. The assessment and modulation of the redox state of glioblastoma are crucial factors that can provide highly specific targeting and treatment. Our study describes a pharmacological strategy for targeting glioblastoma using a redox-active combination drug. The experiments were conducted in vivo on glioblastoma mice (intracranial model) and in vitro on cell lines (cancer and normal) treated with the redox cycling pair menadione/ascorbate (M/A). The following parameters were analyzed in vivo using MRI or ex vivo on tissue and blood specimens: tumor growth, survival, cerebral perfusion, cellular density, tissue redox state, expression of tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Dose-dependent effects of M/A on cell viability, mitochondrial functionality, and redox homeostasis were evaluated in vitro. M/A treatment suppressed tumor growth and significantly increased survival without adverse side effects. This was accompanied by increased oxidative stress, decreased reducing capacity, and decreased cellular density in the tumor only, as well as increased cerebral perfusion and down-regulation of tNOX and TGF-β1. M/A induced selective cytotoxicity and overproduction of mitochondrial superoxide in isolated glioblastoma cells, but not in normal microglial cells. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the over-reduced state of cancer cells and impairment of their “pro-oncogenic” functionality, assessed by dose-dependent decreases in: NADH, NAD+, succinate, glutathione, cellular reducing capacity, mitochondrial potential, steady-state ATP, and tNOX expression. The safety of M/A on normal cells was compromised by treatment with cerivastatin, a non-specific prenyltransferase inhibitor. In conclusion, M/A differentiates glioblastoma cells and tissues from normal cells and tissues by redox targeting, causing severe oxidative stress only in the tumor. The mechanism is complex and most likely involves prenylation of menadione in normal cells, but not in cancer cells, modulation of the immune response, a decrease in drug resistance, and a potential role in sensitizing glioblastoma to conventional chemotherapy.
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Cui HR, Zhang JY, Cheng XH, Zheng JX, Zhang Q, Zheng R, You LZ, Han DR, Shang HC. Immunometabolism at the service of traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106081. [PMID: 35033650 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects, ancient practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescribe combinations of plant species/animal species and minerals designated "TCM formulae" developed based on TCM theory and clinical experience. TCM formulae have been shown to exert curative effects on complex diseases via immune regulation but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown at present. Considerable progress in the field of immunometabolism, referring to alterations in the intracellular metabolism of immune cells that regulate their function, has been made over the past decade. The core context of immunometabolism is regulation of the allocation of metabolic resources supporting host defense and survival, which provides a critical additional dimension and emerging insights into how the immune system and metabolism influence each other during disease progression. This review summarizes research findings on the significant association between the immune function and metabolic remodeling in health and disease as well as the therapeutic modulatory effects of TCM formulae on immunometabolism. Progressive elucidation of the immunometabolic mechanisms involved during the course of TCM treatment continues to aid in the identification of novel potential targets against pathogenicity. In this report, we have provided a comprehensive overview of the benefits of TCM based on regulation of immunometabolism that are potentially applicable for the treatment of modern diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Rong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xue-Hao Cheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liang-Zhen You
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dong-Ran Han
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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Tan W, Pan T, Wang S, Li P, Men Y, Tan R, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Immunometabolism modulation, a new trick of edible and medicinal plants in cancer treatment. Food Chem 2021; 376:131860. [PMID: 34971892 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The edible and medicinal plants (EMPs) are becoming an abundant source for cancer prevention and treatment since the natural and healthy trend for modern human beings. Currently, there are more than one hundred species of EMPs widely used and listed by the national health commission of China, and most of them indicate immune or metabolic regulation potential in cancer treatment with numerous studies over the past two decades. In the present review, we focused on the metabolic influence in immunocytes and tumor microenvironment, including immune response, immunosuppressive factors and cancer cells, discussing the immunometabolic potential of EMPs in cancer treatment. There are more than five hundred references collected and analyzed through retrieving pharmacological studies deposited in PubMed by medical subject headings and the corresponding names derived from pharmacopoeia of China as a sole criterion. Finally, the immunometabolism modulation of EMPs was sketch out implying an immunometabolic control in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yongfan Men
- Research Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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Diethyl Succinate Modulates Microglial Polarization and Activation by Reducing Mitochondrial Fission and Cellular ROS. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120854. [PMID: 34940612 PMCID: PMC8705220 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate is a metabolite in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) which plays a central role in mitochondrial activity. Excess succinate is known to be transported out of the cytosol, where it activates a succinate receptor (SUCNR1) to enhance inflammation through macrophages in various contexts. In addition, the intracellular role of succinate beyond an intermediate metabolite and prior to its extracellular release is also important to the polarization of macrophages. However, the role of succinate in microglial cells has not been characterized. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates the elevation of intracellular succinate levels. To reveal the function of intracellular succinate associated with LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in microglial cells, we assessed the levels of ROS, cytokine production and mitochondrial fission in the primary microglia pretreated with cell-permeable diethyl succinate mimicking increased intracellular succinate. Our results suggest that elevated intracellular succinate exerts a protective role in the primary microglia by preventing their conversion into the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype induced by LPS. This protective effect is SUCNR1-independent and mediated by reduced mitochondrial fission and cellular ROS production.
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31
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Duan JX, Jiang HL, Guan XX, Zhang CY, Zhong WJ, Zu C, Tao JH, Yang JT, Liu YB, Zhou Y, Chen P, Yang HH. Extracellular citrate serves as a DAMP to activate macrophages and promote LPS-induced lung injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108372. [PMID: 34810128 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Citrate has a prominent role as a substrate in cellular energy metabolism. Recently, citrate has been shown to drive inflammation. However, the role of citrate in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to clarify whether extracellular citrate aggravated the LPS-induced ALI and the potential mechanism. Our findings demonstrated that extracellular citrate aggravated the pathological lung injury induced by LPS in mice, characterized by up-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors and over-activation of NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the lungs. In vitro, we found that citrate treatment significantly augmented the expression of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β and enhanced the translocation of NF-κB/p65 into the nucleus. Furthermore, extracellular citrate plus adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in primary murine macrophages. Inhibiting the production of ROS with a ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) attenuated the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Altogether, we conclude that extracellular citrate may serve as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and aggravates LPS-induced ALI by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hui-Ling Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xin-Xin Guan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Cheng Zu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jin-Tong Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yu-Biao Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Research Unit of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Hunan Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Respiratory Disease, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Hui-Hui Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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32
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Xia L, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhang X, Nie K. The Role of Succinic Acid Metabolism in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:769196. [PMID: 34796116 PMCID: PMC8593202 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.769196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the highest mortality among gynecological malignancy. The standard therapy options for patients with ovarian cancer are cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy, and although most patients do better with standard treatment, it is easy to relapse and be resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, it is important to find new therapeutic strategies. More recently, metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and has become a potential target for tumor therapy. Mutations of metabolic enzymes are closely related to the development of ovarian cancer. The metabolic reprogramming of ovarian cancer not only provides energy to tumor cells, but also participates in various biological processes as signaling molecules. Succinic acid (SA) is an important metabolic intermediate involved in a number of metabolic pathways, such as TCA cycle and glutamine metabolism, and is also widely present in a variety of plants and vegetables. Studies show abnormal SA metabolism in many tumors and affect tumor formation through a variety of mechanisms. But the role of SA in ovarian cancer is less studied. This paper reviews the role of SA and its abnormal metabolic pathway in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hairong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ke Nie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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33
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Bodineau C, Tomé M, Courtois S, Costa ASH, Sciacovelli M, Rousseau B, Richard E, Vacher P, Parejo-Pérez C, Bessede E, Varon C, Soubeyran P, Frezza C, Murdoch PDS, Villar VH, Durán RV. Two parallel pathways connect glutamine metabolism and mTORC1 activity to regulate glutamoptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4814. [PMID: 34376668 PMCID: PMC8355106 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamoptosis is the induction of apoptotic cell death as a consequence of the aberrant activation of glutaminolysis and mTORC1 signaling during nutritional imbalance in proliferating cells. The role of the bioenergetic sensor AMPK during glutamoptosis is not defined yet. Here, we show that AMPK reactivation blocks both the glutamine-dependent activation of mTORC1 and glutamoptosis in vitro and in vivo. We also show that glutamine is used for asparagine synthesis and the GABA shunt to produce ATP and to inhibit AMPK, independently of glutaminolysis. Overall, our results indicate that glutamine metabolism is connected with mTORC1 activation through two parallel pathways: an acute alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent pathway; and a secondary ATP/AMPK-dependent pathway. This dual metabolic connection between glutamine and mTORC1 must be considered for the future design of therapeutic strategies to prevent cell growth in diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bodineau
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, INSERM U1218, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Mercedes Tomé
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Sarah Courtois
- Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, INSERM U1053, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Ana S H Costa
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Marco Sciacovelli
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Service Commun des Animaleries, Animalerie A2, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Carlos Parejo-Pérez
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Emilie Bessede
- Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, INSERM U1053, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Christine Varon
- Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, INSERM U1053, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux cedex, France
| | | | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Piedad Del Socorro Murdoch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Raúl V Durán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa-CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain.
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, INSERM U1218, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
- INSERM U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.
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Mao Q, Tian T, Chen J, Guo X, Zhang X, Zou T. Serum Metabolic Profiling of Late-Pregnant Women With Antenatal Depressive Symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:679451. [PMID: 34305679 PMCID: PMC8295540 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.679451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antenatal depression (AD) is a major public health issue worldwide and lacks objective laboratory-based tests to support its diagnosis. Recently, small metabolic molecules have been found to play a vital role in interpreting the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, non-target metabolomics was conducted in serum. Methods: Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platforms were used to conduct serum metabolic profiling of AD and non-antenatal depression (NAD). Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test, and Benjamini-Hochberg correction were used to identify the differential metabolites between AD and NAD groups; Spearman's correlation between the key differential metabolites and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential biomarkers. Results: In total, 79 significant differential metabolites between AD and NAD were identified. These metabolites mainly influence amino acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Then, PC (16:0/16:0) and betaine were significantly positively correlated with EPDS. The simplified biomarker panel consisting of these three metabolites [betaine, PC (16:0/16:0) and succinic acid] has excellent diagnostic performance (95% confidence interval = 0.911-1.000, specificity = 95%, sensitivity = 85%) in discriminating AD and NAD. Conclusion: The results suggested that betaine, PC (16:0/16:0), and succinic acid were potential biomarker panels, which significantly correlated with depression; and it could make for developing an objective method in future to diagnose AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xunyi Guo
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Linyi Mental Health Center, Linyi, China
| | - Tao Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Wang J, Yang C, Hou X, Xu J, Yun Y, Qin L, Yang P. Rapamycin Modulates the Proinflammatory Memory-Like Response of Microglia Induced by BAFF. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639049. [PMID: 34054807 PMCID: PMC8158300 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently trained immunity of microglia provided an opportunity to study the chronic effect of microglial activation and its metabolic rewiring in neuroimmunological diseases. Since elevated levels of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) have been proved to be associated with some chronic neuroimmunological disorders. Here, we used the trained innate immunity model to analyze the effect of BAFF, a vital regulator of the adaptive immune system, on long-term microglial activation and metabolic reprogramming in vitro and in vivo. Methods and results In vitro, BV2 cells and mouse primary microglial cells were incubated with BAFF for 24 h (BAFF priming). After 5 days of resting, microglia were restimulated with LPS (LPS restimulation) or BAFF (BAFF restimulation). BAFF priming induced a pro-inflammatory trained immunity-phenotype of both BV2 cells and primary microglial cells, which was indicated by morphological change, secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine upon LPS restimulation or BAFF restimulation. The production of lactate and NAD+/NADH ratio were elevated 5 days after BAFF priming. The activation of the Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway was induced by BAFF priming and lasted for 5 days. Pretreating the BV2 cells or mouse primary microglial cells with rapamycin blocked mTOR/HIF-1α activation and cellular metabolic reprogramming induced by BAFF training. Consistently, rapamycin efficiently suppressed the trained immunity-like responses of microglia triggered by BAFF. In vivo, adult male mice were treated with BAFF by intracerebroventricular injection for priming and 7 days later with BAFF for restimulation. BAFF training activated microglia in the cortex and hippocampus. The production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines was elevated after BAFF training. Conclusion Our current data, for the first time, demonstrate that BAFF priming induces a proinflammatory memory-like response of microglia not only to LPS but also to BAFF itself. Rapamycin inhibits microglial priming triggered by BAFF through targeting the mTOR/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Our data reveal a novel role of BAFF in trained immunity and that rapamycin may be a potential therapeutic target of neuroimmunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunshu Yang
- Department of 1st Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yun
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Terra X, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Merma C, Benaiges E, Bosch R, Castillo P, Flores JC, León X, Valduvieco I, Basté N, Cámara M, Lejeune M, Gumà J, Vendrell J, Vilaseca I, Fernández-Veledo S, Avilés-Jurado FX. Succinate Pathway in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Potential as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071653. [PMID: 33916314 PMCID: PMC8037494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Emerging evidence points to succinate as an important oncometabolite in cancer development; however, the contribution of the succinate-SUCNR1 axis to cancer progression remains unclear. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with disease and treatment-related morbidity so there is an urgent need for innovation in treatment and diagnosis practices. Our aim was to evaluate the potential of the succinate-related pathway as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSCC. The circulating succinate levels are increased in HNSCC, being a potential noninvasive biomarker for HNSCC diagnosis. Moreover, the succinate receptor (SUCNR1) and genes related to succinate metabolism, which are predominantly expressed in the tumoral mucosa as compared with healthy tissue, are positively associated with plasma succinate. Remarkably, we found that SUCNR1 and SDHA expression levels predict prognosis. Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by high rates of mortality and treatment-related morbidity, underscoring the urgent need for innovative and safe treatment strategies and diagnosis practices. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to the accumulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, such as succinate, which function as oncometabolites. In addition to its role in cancer development through epigenetic events, succinate is an extracellular signal transducer that modulates immune response, angiogenesis and cell invasion by activating its cognate receptor SUCNR1. Here, we explored the potential value of the circulating succinate and related genes in HNSCC diagnosis and prognosis. We determined the succinate levels in the serum of 66 pathologically confirmed, untreated patients with HNSCC and 20 healthy controls. We also surveyed the expression of the genes related to succinate metabolism and signaling in tumoral and nontumoral adjacent tissue and in normal mucosa from 50 patients. Finally, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of SUCNR1 in mucosal samples. The results showed that the circulating levels of succinate were higher in patients with HNSCC than in the healthy controls. Additionally, the expression of SUCNR1, HIF-1α, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) A, and SDHB was higher in the tumor tissue than in the matched normal mucosa. Consistent with this, immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in SUCNR1 protein expression in tumoral and nontumoral adjacent tissue. High SUCNR1 and SDHA expression levels were associated with poor locoregional control, and the locoregional recurrence-free survival rate was significantly lower in patients with high SUCNR1 and SDHA expression than in their peers with lower levels (77.1% [95% CI: 48.9–100.0] vs. 16.7% [95% CI: 0.0–44.4], p = 0.018). Thus, the circulating succinate levels are elevated in HNSCC and high SUCNR1/SDHA expression predicts poor locoregional disease-free survival, identifying this oncometabolite as a potentially valuable noninvasive biomarker for HNSCC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Terra
- MoBioFood Research Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescel·lades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Victoria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (V.C.-M.); (E.B.); (J.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Merma
- Otorhinolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Insitut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (C.M.); (J.C.F.)
| | - Ester Benaiges
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (V.C.-M.); (E.B.); (J.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosch
- Pathology Department, Plataforma de Estudios Histológicos, Citológicos y de Digitalización, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), URV, 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (R.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Paola Castillo
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan Carles Flores
- Otorhinolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Insitut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (C.M.); (J.C.F.)
| | - Xavier León
- Otorhinolaryngology Head-Neck Surgery Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN, MICINN, ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Izaskun Valduvieco
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Neus Basté
- Oncology Department, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marina Cámara
- Maxillofacial Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marylène Lejeune
- Pathology Department, Plataforma de Estudios Histológicos, Citológicos y de Digitalización, Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), URV, 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (R.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Josep Gumà
- Oncology Department, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain;
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (V.C.-M.); (E.B.); (J.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Isabel Vilaseca
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, UB, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Head Neck Clínic, Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR), 2017-SGR-01581 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (V.C.-M.); (E.B.); (J.V.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.F.-V.); (F.X.A.-J.)
| | - Francesc Xavier Avilés-Jurado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, UB, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Head Neck Clínic, Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR), 2017-SGR-01581 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.F.-V.); (F.X.A.-J.)
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Nalbantoglu S, Karadag A. Metabolomics bridging proteomics along metabolites/oncometabolites and protein modifications: Paving the way toward integrative multiomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 199:114031. [PMID: 33857836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Systems biology adopted functional and integrative multiomics approaches enable to discover the whole set of interacting regulatory components such as genes, transcripts, proteins, metabolites, and metabolite dependent protein modifications. This interactome build up the midpoint of protein-protein/PTM, protein-DNA/RNA, and protein-metabolite network in a cell. As the key drivers in cellular metabolism, metabolites are precursors and regulators of protein post-translational modifications [PTMs] that affect protein diversity and functionality. The precisely orchestrated core pattern of metabolic networks refer to paradigm 'metabolites regulate PTMs, PTMs regulate enzymes, and enzymes modulate metabolites' through a multitude of feedback and feed-forward pathway loops. The concept represents a flawless PTM-metabolite-enzyme(protein) regulomics underlined in reprogramming cancer metabolism. Immense interconnectivity of those biomolecules in their spectacular network of intertwined metabolic pathways makes integrated proteomics and metabolomics an excellent opportunity, and the central component of integrative multiomics framework. It will therefore be of significant interest to integrate global proteome and PTM-based proteomics with metabolomics to achieve disease related altered levels of those molecules. Thereby, present update aims to highlight role and analysis of interacting metabolites/oncometabolites, and metabolite-regulated PTMs loop which may function as translational monitoring biomarkers along the reprogramming continuum of oncometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Nalbantoglu
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Molecular, Oncology Laboratory, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - Abdullah Karadag
- TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Molecular, Oncology Laboratory, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Choi I, Son H, Baek JH. Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle Intermediates: Regulators of Immune Responses. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:69. [PMID: 33477822 PMCID: PMC7832849 DOI: 10.3390/life11010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) is a series of chemical reactions used in aerobic organisms to generate energy via the oxidation of acetylcoenzyme A (CoA) derived from carbohydrates, fatty acids and proteins. In the eukaryotic system, the TCA cycle occurs completely in mitochondria, while the intermediates of the TCA cycle are retained inside mitochondria due to their polarity and hydrophilicity. Under cell stress conditions, mitochondria can become disrupted and release their contents, which act as danger signals in the cytosol. Of note, the TCA cycle intermediates may also leak from dysfunctioning mitochondria and regulate cellular processes. Increasing evidence shows that the metabolites of the TCA cycle are substantially involved in the regulation of immune responses. In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive systematic overview of the molecular mechanisms of each TCA cycle intermediate that may play key roles in regulating cellular immunity in cell stress and discuss its implication for immune activation and suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jea-Hyun Baek
- School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37554, Korea; (I.C.); (H.S.)
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Oren-Young L, Llorens E, Bi K, Zhang M, Sharon A. Botrytis cinerea methyl isocitrate lyase mediates oxidative stress tolerance and programmed cell death by modulating cellular succinate levels. Fungal Genet Biol 2020; 146:103484. [PMID: 33220429 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fungi lack the entire animal core apoptotic machinery. Nevertheless, regulated cell death with apoptotic markers occurs in multicellular as well as in unicellular fungi and is essential for proper fungal development and stress adaptation. The discrepancy between appearance of an apoptotic-like regulated cell death (RCD) in the absence of core apoptotic machinery is further complicated by the fact that heterologous expression of animal apoptotic genes in fungi affects fungal RCD. Here we describe the role of BcMcl, a methyl isocitrate lyase from the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea, in succinate metabolism, and the connection of succinate with stress responses and cell death. Over expression of bcmcl resulted in elevated tolerance to oxidative stress and reduced levels of RCD, which were associated with accumulation of elevated levels of succinate. Deletion of bcmcl had almost no effect on fungal development or stress sensitivity, and succinate levels were unchanged in the deletion strain. Gene expression experiments showed co-regulation of bcmcl and bcicl (isocitrate lyase); expression of the bcicl gene was enhanced in bcmcl deletion and suppressed in bcmcl over expression strains. External addition of succinate reproduced the phenotypes of the bcmcl over expression strains, including developmental defects, reduced virulence, and improved oxidative stress tolerance. Collectively, our results implicate mitochondria metabolic pathways, and in particular succinate metabolism, in regulation of fungal stress tolerance, and highlight the role of this onco-metabolite as potential mediator of fungal RCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Oren-Young
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Eugenio Llorens
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Kai Bi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Mingzhe Zhang
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Amir Sharon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Zhang J, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Wang Q. Association Between Succinate Receptor SUCNR1 Expression and Immune Infiltrates in Ovarian Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:150. [PMID: 33062639 PMCID: PMC7488939 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The activation of succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) by extracellular succinate has been found to regulate immune cell function. However, the clinical significance of SUCNR1 in ovarian cancer and its correlation with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes remain unclear. Methods The genetic alteration and expression patterns of SUCNR1 were analyzed by using cBioPortal and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to assess the prognostic value of SUCNR1 in patients with ovarian cancer. The correlations between SUCNR1 expression and immune infiltration, gene markers of immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, or T cell exhaustion were explored by using TIMER and TISIDB platforms. We also performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to reveal biological function of SUCNR1 in ovarian cancer. Results The expression of SUCNR1 was closely related to tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, multiple gene markers of immune cells, and T cell exhaustion in ovarian cancer. The expression of SUCNR1 was also associated with the expression of cytokine- or chemokine-related genes. Moreover, GSEA revealed that various immune-related pathways might be regulated by SUCNR1. In addition, we found that SUCNR1 was amplified in ovarian cancer, and the high expression of SUCNR1 predicted worse progression-free survival (p = 0.0073, HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.11–2). Conclusion These results highlight the role of SUCNR1 in regulating tumor immunity in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Ravnik Z, Muthiah I, Dhanaraj P. Computational studies on bacterial secondary metabolites against breast cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:7056-7064. [PMID: 32779523 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1805361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbes exist in the human body provide more benefits by modulating metabolic processes, immunity, and signal transduction. However, microbial dysbiosis with harmful bacterial species can cause chronic inflammation and cancers. Hence human probiotics were recently paid more attention to immune responses, therapy, and diagnosis. Breast cancer is the second leading cancer worldwide and causes more death in women. The role of breast microbiome secondary metabolites in breast cancer is poorly studied. Research shows that breast has a specific microbiome inhabited with particular bacterial species. More significantly probiotics produced from breast microbiomes may act as a potential biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis. Hence this computational research aimed at the effect of chosen metabolites on breast cancer cell receptor G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, Gpbar1 (TGR5). The current research suggested that cadaverine, succinate, p-cresol, and its derivatives could be used as a molecular marker in the diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina Ravnik
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Indiraleka Muthiah
- Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Premnath Dhanaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Batool SS, Gilani SR, Zainab SS, Tahir MN, Harrison WTA, Haider MS, Syed Q, Mazhar S, Shoaib M. Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal studies and antimicrobial activity of a new chelate complex of copper(II) succinate with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1795147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Shahzadi Batool
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post Graduate Islamia college (W), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Rubina Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sakina Zainab
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post Graduate Islamia college (W), Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Quratulain Syed
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sania Mazhar
- Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shoaib
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering (SBASSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore, Pakistan
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Soto-Heredero G, Gómez de Las Heras MM, Gabandé-Rodríguez E, Oller J, Mittelbrunn M. Glycolysis - a key player in the inflammatory response. FEBS J 2020; 287:3350-3369. [PMID: 32255251 PMCID: PMC7496292 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response involves the activation of several cell types to fight insults caused by a plethora of agents, and to maintain the tissue homoeostasis. On the one hand, cells involved in the pro‐inflammatory response, such as inflammatory M1 macrophages, Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes or activated microglia, must rapidly provide energy to fuel inflammation, which is essentially accomplished by glycolysis and high lactate production. On the other hand, regulatory T cells or M2 macrophages, which are involved in immune regulation and resolution of inflammation, preferentially use fatty acid oxidation through the TCA cycle as a main source for energy production. Here, we discuss the impact of glycolytic metabolism at the different steps of the inflammatory response. Finally, we review a wide variety of molecular mechanisms which could explain the relationship between glycolytic metabolites and the pro‐inflammatory phenotype, including signalling events, epigenetic remodelling, post‐transcriptional regulation and post‐translational modifications. Inflammatory processes are a common feature of many age‐associated diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. The finding that immunometabolism could be a master regulator of inflammation broadens the avenue for treating inflammation‐related pathologies through the manipulation of the vascular and immune cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Soto-Heredero
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory, Cellular Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel M Gómez de Las Heras
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory, Cellular Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain
| | - Enrique Gabandé-Rodríguez
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory, Cellular Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory, Cellular Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mittelbrunn
- Immunometabolism and Inflammation Laboratory, Cellular Communication & Inflammation Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
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44
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Huang J, Li J, Zheng S, Lu Z, Che Y, Mao S, Lei Y, Zang R, Liu C, Wang X, Fang L, Sun N, He J. Tumor microenvironment characterization identifies two lung adenocarcinoma subtypes with specific immune and metabolic state. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1876-1886. [PMID: 32187778 PMCID: PMC7293093 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a vital component of tumor tissue. Increasing evidence suggests their significance in predicting outcomes and guiding therapies. However, no studies have reported a systematic analysis of the clinicopathologic significance of TME in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we inferred tumor stromal cells in 1184 LUAD patients using computational algorithms based on bulk tumor expression data, and evaluated the clinicopathologic significance of stromal cells. We found LUAD patients showed heterogeneous abundance in stromal cells. Infiltration of stromal cells was influenced by clinicopathologic features, such as age, gender, smoking, and TNM stage. By clustering stromal cells, we identified 2 clinically and molecularly distinct LUAD subtypes with immune active and immune repressed features. The immune active subtype is characterized by repressed metabolism and repressed proliferation of tumor cells, while the immune repressed subtype is characterized by active metabolism and active proliferation of tumor cells. Differentially expressed gene analysis of the two LUAD subtypes identified an immune activation signature. To diagnose TME subtypes practically, we constructed a TME score using principal component analysis based on the immune activation signature. The TME score predicted TME subtypes effectively in 3 independent datasets with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.960, 0.812, and 0.819, respectively. In conclusion, we proposed 2 clinically and molecularly distinct LUAD subtypes based on tumor microenvironment that could be valuable in predicting clinical outcome and guiding immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiagen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sufei Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruochuan Zang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chengming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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45
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Trilla-Fuertes L, Gámez-Pozo A, López-Camacho E, Prado-Vázquez G, Zapater-Moros A, López-Vacas R, Arevalillo JM, Díaz-Almirón M, Navarro H, Maín P, Espinosa E, Zamora P, Fresno Vara JÁ. Computational models applied to metabolomics data hints at the relevance of glutamine metabolism in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:307. [PMID: 32293335 PMCID: PMC7265650 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolomics has a great potential in the development of new biomarkers in cancer and it has experiment recent technical advances. Methods In this study, metabolomics and gene expression data from 67 localized (stage I to IIIB) breast cancer tumor samples were analyzed, using (1) probabilistic graphical models to define associations using quantitative data without other a priori information; and (2) Flux Balance Analysis and flux activities to characterize differences in metabolic pathways. Results On the one hand, both analyses highlighted the importance of glutamine in breast cancer. Moreover, cell experiments showed that treating breast cancer cells with drugs targeting glutamine metabolism significantly affects cell viability. On the other hand, these computational methods suggested some hypotheses and have demonstrated their utility in the analysis of metabolomics data and in associating metabolomics with patient’s clinical outcome. Conclusions Computational analyses applied to metabolomics data suggested that glutamine metabolism is a relevant process in breast cancer. Cell experiments confirmed this hypothesis. In addition, these computational analyses allow associating metabolomics data with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelo Gámez-Pozo
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, C/ Faraday, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology & Pathology Lab, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics-INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena López-Camacho
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Lab, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics-INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Zapater-Moros
- Biomedica Molecular Medicine SL, C/ Faraday, 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Oncology & Pathology Lab, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics-INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío López-Vacas
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Lab, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics-INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge M Arevalillo
- Department of Statistics, Operational Research and Numerical Analysis, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana Díaz-Almirón
- Biostatistics Unit, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hilario Navarro
- Department of Statistics, Operational Research and Numerical Analysis, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Paseo Senda del Rey, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Maín
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Mathematics, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias, 3, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- Medical Oncology Service, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Zamora
- Medical Oncology Service, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Fresno Vara
- Molecular Oncology & Pathology Lab, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics-INGEMM, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPAZ, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain. .,Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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46
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Luo X, Liu J, Wang H, Lu H. Metabolomics identified new biomarkers for the precise diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and associated tissue metastasis. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104805. [PMID: 32278036 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with high mortality due to a complex and latent pathogenesis leading to the severe lack of early diagnosis methods. To improve clinical diagnosis and enhance therapeutic outcome, we employed the newly developed precision-targeted metabolomics method to identify and validate metabolite biomarkers from the plasma samples of patients with pancreatic cancer that can sensitively and efficiently diagnose the onsite progression of the disease. Many differential metabolites have the capacity to markedly distinguish patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 60) from healthy controls (n = 60). To further enhance the specificity and selectivity of metabolite biomarkers, a dozen tumor tissues from PC patients and paired normal tissues were used to clinically validate the biomarker performance. We eventually verified five new metabolite biomarkers in plasma (creatine, inosine, beta-sitosterol, sphinganine and glycocholic acid), which can be used to readily diagnose pancreatic cancer in a clinical setting. Excitingly, we proposed a panel biomarker by integrating these five individual metabolites into one pattern, demonstrating much higher accuracy and specificity to precisely diagnose pancreatic cancer than conventional biomarkers (CA125, CA19-9, CA242 and CEA); moreover, this plasma panel biomarker used for PC diagnosis is also quite convenient to implement in clinical practice. Using the same metabolomics method, we characterized succinic acid and gluconic acid as having a great capability to monitor the progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer at different stages. Taken together, this metabolomics method was used to identify and validate metabolite biomarkers that can precisely and sensitively diagnose the onsite progression and metastasis of pancreatic cancer in a clinical setting. Furthermore, such effort should leave clinicians with the correct time frame to facilitate early and efficient therapeutic interventions, which could largely improve the five-year survival rate of PC patients by significantly lowering clinical mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Laboratory for Functional Metabolomics Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Laboratory for Functional Metabolomics Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401121, China.
| | - Haitao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Laboratory for Functional Metabolomics Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Succinate Supplement Elicited "Pseudohypoxia" Condition to Promote Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Cells. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:2016809. [PMID: 32215014 PMCID: PMC7085835 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2016809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Most mesenchymal stem cells reside in a niche of low oxygen tension. Iron-chelating agents such as CoCl2 and deferoxamine have been utilized to mimic hypoxia and promote cell growth. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether a supplement of succinate, a natural metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, can mimic hypoxia condition to promote human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Culturing hPDLCs in hypoxia condition promoted cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation; moreover, hypoxia shifted cell metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis with accumulation of succinate in the cytosol and its release into culture supernatants. The succinate supplement enhanced hPDLC proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis with decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) expression and activity, as well as increased hexokinase 2 (HK2) and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), suggesting metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in a normal oxygen condition. The succinate supplement in cell cultures promoted intracellular succinate accumulation while stabilizing hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), leading to a state of pseudohypoxia. Moreover, we demonstrate that hypoxia-induced proliferation was G-protein-coupled receptor 91- (GPR91-) dependent, while exogenous succinate-elicited proliferation involved the GPR91-dependent and GPR91-independent pathway. In conclusion, the succinate supplement altered cell metabolism in hPDLCs, induced a pseudohypoxia condition, and enhanced proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
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Abstract
The study of cancer metabolism has evolved vastly beyond the remit of tumour proliferation and survival with the identification of the role of 'oncometabolites' in tumorigenesis. Simply defined, oncometabolites are conventional metabolites that, when aberrantly accumulated, have pro-oncogenic functions. Their discovery has led researchers to revisit the Warburg hypothesis, first postulated in the 1950s, of aberrant metabolism as an aetiological determinant of cancer. As such, the identification of oncometabolites and their utilization in diagnostics and prognostics, as novel therapeutic targets and as biomarkers of disease, are areas of considerable interest in oncology. To date, fumarate, succinate, L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2-HG) and D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) have been characterized as bona fide oncometabolites. Extensive metabolic reprogramming occurs during tumour initiation and progression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and three oncometabolites - fumarate, succinate and L-2-HG - have been implicated in this disease process. All of these oncometabolites inhibit a superfamily of enzymes known as α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, leading to epigenetic dysregulation and induction of pseudohypoxic phenotypes, and also have specific pro-oncogenic capabilities. Oncometabolites could potentially be exploited for the development of novel targeted therapies and as biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cissy Yong
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Grant D Stewart
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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49
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Guo Y, Cho SW, Saxena D, Li X. Multifaceted Actions of Succinate as a Signaling Transmitter Vary with Its Cellular Locations. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:36-43. [PMID: 32207262 PMCID: PMC7090288 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the identification of succinate's receptor in 2004, studies supporting the involvement of succinate signaling through its receptor in various diseases have accumulated and most of these investigations have highlighted succinate's pro-inflammatory role. Taken with the fact that succinate is an intermediate metabolite in the center of mitochondrial activity, and considering its potential regulation of protein succinylation through succinyl-coenzyme A, a review on the overall multifaceted actions of succinate to discuss whether and how these actions relate to the cellular locations of succinate is much warranted. Mechanistically, it is important to consider the sources of succinate, which include somatic cellular released succinate and those produced by the microbiome, especially the gut microbiota, which is an equivalent, if not greater contributor of succinate levels in the body. Continue learning the critical roles of succinate signaling, known and unknown, in many pathophysiological conditions is important. Furthermore, studies to delineate the regulation of succinate levels and to determine how succinate elicits various types of signaling in a temporal and spatial manner are also required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Guo
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deepak Saxena
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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50
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Huang Y, Yang X, Sun F, Lu T, Bi G, Liang J, Sui Q, Zhan C, Shi Y, Wang Q. Prognostic effects of glycometabolism changes in lung adenocarcinoma: a prospective observational study. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 8:808-819. [PMID: 32010559 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2019.10.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Changes in glycometabolism of cancer cells provides cancer cells with growth advantages, which are also of great value in the prognosis prediction of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. However, currently available studies are controversial. Methods We successively collected 100 paired surgical specimens from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The content of glycometabolic intermediates in tissues was tested by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Follow-up was conducted every 6 months for patients enrolled in this study. Results There were significant differences in the contents of six intermediates, including glucose (P<0.0001), pyruvate (P=0.0009), lactate (P<0.0001), citrate (P=0.0001), α-ketoglutarate (P=0.0002), and fumarate (P=0.0096). For different TNM stages, the pyruvate content (P<0.001) and lactate content (P<0.001) in the II/III/IV stage cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the stage I cancer tissues. The overall survival (OS) of patients with high levels of glucose (P=0.0034), pyruvate (P<0.0001), lactate (P=0.049), and citrate (P=0.024) in cancer tissues was significantly worse than that of patients with low levels. N stage (P<0.001) and the contents of pyruvate (P=0.033) were independent prognostic factors for the OS. Conclusions The contents of glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and citrate in cancer tissues are higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues, and the long-term survival decrease in patients with higher glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and citrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fenghao Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qihai Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Eight-year Program Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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