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Happl B, Balber T, Heffeter P, Denk C, Welch JM, Köster U, Alliot C, Bonraisin AC, Brandt M, Haddad F, Sterba JH, Kandioller W, Mitterhauser M, Hacker M, Keppler BK, Mindt TL. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of BOLD-100 radiolabeled with ruthenium-97 and ruthenium-103. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:6031-6040. [PMID: 38470348 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00118d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BOLD-100 (formerly IT-139, KP1339), a well-established chemotherapeutic agent, is currently being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, and bile duct cancer. Despite numerous studies, the exact mode of action is still the subject of discussions. Radiolabeled BOLD-100 could be a powerful tool to clarify pharmacokinetic pathways of the compound and to predict therapy responses in patients using nuclear molecular imaging prior to the therapy. In this study, the radiosyntheses of carrier-added (c.a.) [97/103Ru]BOLD-100 were performed with the two ruthenium isotopes ruthenium-103 (103Ru; β-, γ) and ruthenium-97 (97Ru; EC, γ), of which in particular the latter isotope is suitable for imaging by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). To identify the best tumor-to-background ratio for diagnostic imaging, biodistribution studies were performed with two different injected doses of c.a. [103Ru]BOLD-100 (3 and 30 mg kg-1) in Balb/c mice bearing CT26 allografts over a time period of 72 h. Additionally, ex vivo autoradiography of the tumors (24 h p.i.) was conducted. Our results indicate that the higher injected dose (30 mg kg-1) leads to more unspecific accumulation of the compound in non-targeted tissue, which is likely due to an overload of the albumin transport system. It was also shown that lower amounts of injected c.a. [103Ru]BOLD-100 resulted in a relatively higher tumor uptake and, therefore, a better tumor-to-background ratio, which are encouraging results for future imaging studies using c.a. [97Ru]BOLD-100.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Happl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 and Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - T Balber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - C Denk
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische Universität (TU) Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Labelling and Isotope Production, TRIGA Center Atominstitut, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - J M Welch
- Center for Labelling and Isotope Production, TRIGA Center Atominstitut, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Köster
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - C Alliot
- GIP ARRONAX, 1 rue Aronnax, CS10112, 44817, Saint-Herblain Cedex, France
- CRCI2NA, Inserm/CNRS/Nantes Université, 8 quai Moncousu, 44007, Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - A-C Bonraisin
- GIP ARRONAX, 1 rue Aronnax, CS10112, 44817, Saint-Herblain Cedex, France
| | - M Brandt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Haddad
- GIP ARRONAX, 1 rue Aronnax, CS10112, 44817, Saint-Herblain Cedex, France
- Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457, IMT Nantes Atlantique/CNRS-IN2P3/Nantes Université, 4 Rue A. Kastler, BP 20722, 44307, Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - J H Sterba
- Center for Labelling and Isotope Production, TRIGA Center Atominstitut, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 and Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Mitterhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 and Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - B K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 and Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - T L Mindt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2 and Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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2
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Yuan S, She D, Jiang S, Deng N, Peng J, Ma L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and therapeutic strategies in metabolic, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Mol Med 2024; 30:40. [PMID: 38509524 PMCID: PMC10956371 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), due to genetic determinants and extrinsic environmental factors, leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress). As ER stress ensues, the unfolded protein response (UPR), comprising three signaling pathways-inositol-requiring enzyme 1, protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, and activating transcription factor 6 promptly activates to enhance the ER's protein-folding capacity and restore ER homeostasis. However, prolonged ER stress levels propels the UPR towards cellular demise and the subsequent inflammatory cascade, contributing to the development of human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes. Notably, increased expression of all three UPR signaling pathways has been observed in these pathologies, and reduction in signaling molecule expression correlates with decreased proliferation of disease-associated target cells. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting ER stress-related interventions have attracted significant research interest. In this review, we elucidate the critical role of ER stress in cancer, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases, offering novel therapeutic approaches for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan She
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Shangming Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayi Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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Casini A, Pöthig A. Metals in Cancer Research: Beyond Platinum Metallodrugs. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:242-250. [PMID: 38435529 PMCID: PMC10906246 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of the medicinal properties of platinum complexes has fueled the design and synthesis of new anticancer metallodrugs endowed with unique modes of action (MoA). Among the various families of experimental antiproliferative agents, organometallics have emerged as ideal platforms to control the compounds' reactivity and stability in a physiological environment. This is advantageous to efficiently deliver novel prodrug activation strategies, as well as to design metallodrugs acting only via noncovalent interactions with their pharmacological targets. Noteworthy, another justification for the advance of organometallic compounds for therapy stems from their ability to catalyze bioorthogonal reactions in cancer cells. When not yet ideal as drug leads, such compounds can be used as selective chemical tools that benefit from the advantages of catalytic amplification to either label the target of interest (e.g., proteins) or boost the output of biochemical signals. Examples of metallodrugs for the so-called "catalysis in cells" are considered in this Outlook together with other organometallic drug candidates. The selected case studies are discussed in the frame of more general challenges in the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Casini
- Chair
of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Catalysis
Research Center & Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer Str. 1, D-85748 Garching b. München, Germany
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4
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D’Amato A, Mariconda A, Iacopetta D, Ceramella J, Catalano A, Sinicropi MS, Longo P. Complexes of Ruthenium(II) as Promising Dual-Active Agents against Cancer and Viral Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1729. [PMID: 38139855 PMCID: PMC10747139 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor responses to medical care and the failure of pharmacological treatment for many high-frequency diseases, such as cancer and viral infections, have been widely documented. In this context, numerous metal-based substances, including cisplatin, auranofin, various gold metallodrugs, and ruthenium complexes, are under study as possible anticancer and antiviral agents. The two Ru(III) and Ru(II) complexes, namely, BOLD-100 and RAPTA-C, are presently being studied in a clinical trial and preclinical studies evaluation, respectively, as anticancer agents. Interestingly, BOLD-100 has also recently demonstrated antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the last years, much effort has been dedicated to discovering new dual anticancer-antiviral agents. Ru-based complexes could be very suitable in this respect. Thus, this review focuses on the most recent studies regarding newly synthesized Ru(II) complexes for use as anticancer and/or antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta D’Amato
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.D.); (P.L.)
| | | | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (D.I.); (J.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.D.); (P.L.)
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5
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Happl B, Brandt M, Balber T, Benčurová K, Talip Z, Voegele A, Heffeter P, Kandioller W, Van der Meulen NP, Mitterhauser M, Hacker M, Keppler BK, Mindt TL. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Radiolabeled [ 103Ru]BOLD-100. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2626. [PMID: 38004604 PMCID: PMC10674160 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The first-in-class ruthenium-based chemotherapeutic agent BOLD-100 (formerly IT-139, NKP-1339, KP1339) is currently the subject of clinical evaluation for the treatment of gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and bile duct cancer. A radiolabeled version of the compound could present a helpful diagnostic tool. Thus, this study investigated the pharmacokinetics of BOLD-100 in more detail to facilitate the stratification of patients for the therapy. The synthesis of [103Ru]BOLD-100, radiolabeled with carrier added (c.a.) ruthenium-103, was established and the product was characterized by HPLC and UV/Vis spectroscopy. In order to compare the radiolabeled and non-radioactive versions of BOLD-100, both complexes were fully evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was determined in two colon carcinoma cell lines (HCT116 and CT26) and biodistribution studies were performed in Balb/c mice bearing CT26 allografts over a time period of 72 h post injection (p.i.). We report herein preclinical cytotoxicity and pharmacokinetic data for BOLD-100, which were found to be identical to those of its radiolabeled analog [103Ru]BOLD-100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Happl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Brandt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Balber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katarína Benčurová
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zeynep Talip
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Voegele
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8A, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kandioller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicholas P. Van der Meulen
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, General Hospital of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria (M.M.)
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry Facility, University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Baier D, Mendrina T, Schoenhacker‐Alte B, Pirker C, Mohr T, Rusz M, Regner B, Schaier M, Sgarioto N, Raynal NJ, Nowikovsky K, Schmidt WM, Heffeter P, Meier‐Menches SM, Koellensperger G, Keppler BK, Berger W. The Lipid Metabolism as Target and Modulator of BOLD-100 Anticancer Activity: Crosstalk with Histone Acetylation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301939. [PMID: 37752764 PMCID: PMC10646284 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The leading first-in-class ruthenium-complex BOLD-100 currently undergoes clinical phase-II anticancer evaluation. Recently, BOLD-100 is identified as anti-Warburg compound. The present study shows that also deregulated lipid metabolism parameters characterize acquired BOLD-100-resistant colon and pancreatic carcinoma cells. Acute BOLD-100 treatment reduces lipid droplet contents of BOLD-100-sensitive but not -resistant cells. Despite enhanced glycolysis fueling lipid accumulation, BOLD-100-resistant cells reveal diminished lactate secretion based on monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) loss mediated by a frame-shift mutation in the MCT1 chaperone basigin. Glycolysis and lipid catabolism converge in the production of protein/histone acetylation substrate acetyl-coenzymeA (CoA). Mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses uncover spontaneous cell-free BOLD-100-CoA adduct formation suggesting acetyl-CoA depletion as mechanism bridging BOLD-100-induced lipid metabolism alterations and histone acetylation-mediated gene expression deregulation. Indeed, BOLD-100 treatment decreases histone acetylation selectively in sensitive cells. Pharmacological targeting confirms histone de-acetylation as central mode-of-action of BOLD-100 and metabolic programs stabilizing histone acetylation as relevant Achilles' heel of acquired BOLD-100-resistant cell and xenograft models. Accordingly, histone gene expression changes also predict intrinsic BOLD-100 responsiveness. Summarizing, BOLD-100 is identified as epigenetically active substance acting via targeting several onco-metabolic pathways. Identification of the lipid metabolism as driver of acquired BOLD-100 resistance opens novel strategies to tackle therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Baier
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Theresa Mendrina
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Beatrix Schoenhacker‐Alte
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Joint Metabolome FacilityUniversity of Vienna and Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
- ScienceConsultGuntramsdorf2351Austria
| | - Mate Rusz
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
| | - Benedict Regner
- Anna Spiegel Center of Translational ResearchDepartment of Medicine IMedical University ViennaLazarettgasse 14Vienna1090Austria
| | - Martin Schaier
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
| | - Nicolas Sgarioto
- Départment de pharmacologie et physiologieFaculté de médecineCentre de recherché de l hôpitalUniversité de MontréalSaint‐Justine (7.17.020), 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste‐CatherineQuebecH3T1C5Canada
| | - Noël J.‐M. Raynal
- Départment de pharmacologie et physiologieFaculté de médecineCentre de recherché de l hôpitalUniversité de MontréalSaint‐Justine (7.17.020), 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste‐CatherineQuebecH3T1C5Canada
| | - Karin Nowikovsky
- Unit of Physiology and BiophysicsDepartment of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinaerplatz 1Vienna1210Austria
| | - Wolfgang M. Schmidt
- Neuromuscular Research DepartmentCenter for Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical University of ViennaWähringer Str. 13Vienna1090Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Samuel M. Meier‐Menches
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Joint Metabolome FacilityUniversity of Vienna and Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 38Vienna1090Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWaehringer Str. 42Vienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8aVienna1090Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”Vienna1090Austria
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7
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Abbas ZN, Al-Saffar AZ, Jasim SM, Sulaiman GM. Comparative analysis between 2D and 3D colorectal cancer culture models for insights into cellular morphological and transcriptomic variations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18380. [PMID: 37884554 PMCID: PMC10603139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug development is a time-consuming and expensive process, given the low success rate of clinical trials. Now, anticancer drug developments have shifted to three-dimensional (3D) models which are more likely to mimic tumor behavior compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. A comparative study among different aspects was conducted between 2D and 3D cultures using colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, in addition, Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) block samples of patients with CRC were used for evaluation. Compared to the 2D culture, cells grown in 3D displayed significant (p < 0.01) differences in the pattern of cell proliferation over time, cell death phase profile, expression of tumorgenicity-related genes, and responsiveness to 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and doxorubicin. Epigenetically, 3D cultures and FFPE shared the same methylation pattern and microRNA expression, while 2D cells showed elevation in methylation rate and altered microRNA expression. Lastly, transcriptomic study depending on RNA sequencing and thorough bioinformatic analyses showed significant (p-adj < 0.05) dissimilarity in gene expression profile between 2D and 3D cultures involving thousands of genes (up/down-regulated) of multiple pathways for each cell line. Taken together, the study provides insights into variations in cellular morphologies between cells cultured in 2D and 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Nsaif Abbas
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Z Al-Saffar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Saba Mahdi Jasim
- Oncology Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
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8
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Labach DS, Kohio HP, Tse EA, Paparisto E, Friesen NJ, Pankovich J, Bazett M, Barr SD. The Metallodrug BOLD-100 Is a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Has Broad-Acting Antiviral Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1095. [PMID: 37509131 PMCID: PMC10377621 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted an urgent need to discover and test new drugs to treat patients. Metal-based drugs are known to interact with DNA and/or a variety of proteins such as enzymes and transcription factors, some of which have been shown to exhibit anticancer and antimicrobial effects. BOLD-100 (sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]dihydrate) is a novel ruthenium-based drug currently being evaluated in a Phase 1b/2a clinical trial for the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer. Given that metal-based drugs are known to exhibit antimicrobial activities, we asked if BOLD-100 exhibits antiviral activity towards SARS-CoV-2. We demonstrated that BOLD-100 potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and cytopathic effects in vitro. An RNA sequencing analysis showed that BOLD-100 inhibits virus-induced transcriptional changes in infected cells. In addition, we showed that the antiviral activity of BOLD-100 is not specific for SARS-CoV-2, but also inhibits the replication of the evolutionarily divergent viruses Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 and Human Adenovirus type 5. This study identifies BOLD-100 as a potentially novel broad-acting antiviral drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Labach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Hinissan P Kohio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Edwin A Tse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Ermela Paparisto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Nicole J Friesen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Jim Pankovich
- Bold Therapeutics Inc., 422 Richards St, Suite 170, Vancouver, BC V6N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Mark Bazett
- Bold Therapeutics Inc., 422 Richards St, Suite 170, Vancouver, BC V6N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Stephen D Barr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building Room 3007, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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9
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Bashir M, Mantoo IA, Arjmand F, Tabassum S, Yousuf I. An overview of advancement of organoruthenium(II) complexes as prospective anticancer agents. Coord Chem Rev 2023; 487:215169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
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10
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Synthetic Small Molecule Modulators of Hsp70 and Hsp40 Chaperones as Promising Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044083. [PMID: 36835501 PMCID: PMC9964478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A class of chaperones dubbed heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) possesses high relevance in cancer diseases due to its cooperative activity with the well-established anticancer target Hsp90. However, Hsp70 is closely connected with a smaller heat shock protein, Hsp40, forming a formidable Hsp70-Hsp40 axis in various cancers, which serves as a suitable target for anticancer drug design. This review summarizes the current state and the recent developments in the field of (semi-)synthetic small molecule inhibitors directed against Hsp70 and Hsp40. The medicinal chemistry and anticancer potential of pertinent inhibitors are discussed. Since Hsp90 inhibitors have entered clinical trials but have exhibited severe adverse effects and drug resistance formation, potent Hsp70 and Hsp40 inhibitors may play a significant role in overcoming the drawbacks of Hsp90 inhibitors and other approved anticancer drugs.
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11
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Utilization of Cancer Cell Line Screening to Elucidate the Anticancer Activity and Biological Pathways Related to the Ruthenium-Based Therapeutic BOLD-100. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010028. [PMID: 36612025 PMCID: PMC9817855 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BOLD-100 (sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H indazole)ruthenate(III)]) is a ruthenium-based anticancer compound currently in clinical development. The identification of cancer types that show increased sensitivity towards BOLD-100 can lead to improved developmental strategies. Sensitivity profiling can also identify mechanisms of action that are pertinent for the bioactivity of complex therapeutics. Sensitivity to BOLD-100 was measured in a 319-cancer-cell line panel spanning 24 tissues. BOLD-100's sensitivity profile showed variation across the tissue lineages, including increased response in esophageal, bladder, and hematologic cancers. Multiple cancers, including esophageal, bile duct and colon cancer, had higher relative response to BOLD-100 than to cisplatin. Response to BOLD-100 showed only moderate correlation to anticancer compounds in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, as well as no clear theme in bioactivity of correlated hits, suggesting that BOLD-100 may have a differentiated therapeutic profile. The genomic modalities of cancer cell lines were modeled against the BOLD-100 sensitivity profile, which revealed that genes related to ribosomal processes were associated with sensitivity to BOLD-100. Machine learning modeling of the sensitivity profile to BOLD-100 and gene expression data provided moderative predictive value. These findings provide further mechanistic understanding around BOLD-100 and support its development for additional cancer types.
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12
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ER Stress Response and Induction of Apoptosis in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: The Achilles Heel Targeted by the Anticancer Ruthenium Drug BOLD-100. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174126. [PMID: 36077664 PMCID: PMC9454852 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer arising from the serosal surfaces of the body, mainly from the pleural layer. This cancer, strongly linked to asbestos exposure, shows a very inauspicious prognosis. In fact, there is no efficient therapeutic treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to treat this form of cancer. Our previous study showed the importance of GRP78 in MPM survival. BOLD-100 is a specific modulator of GRP78 and we have observed that it shows cytotoxicity against MPM cells. In particular, we describe that BOLD-100 increases oxidative stress and deregulates the calcium homeostasis leading to cell stress and, ultimately, to cell death. Our in vitro data strongly suggest that BOLD-100 inhibits the growth of MPM cell lines, proposing the application as a single agent, or in combination with other standard-of-care drugs, to treat MPM. Abstract Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer arising from the serosal surfaces of the body, mainly from the pleural layer. This cancer is strongly related to asbestos exposure and shows a very inauspicious prognosis, because there are scarce therapeutic options for this rare disease. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to treat this form of cancer. To explore the biology of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), we previously observed that MPM cell lines show high expression of the GRP78 protein, which is a chaperone protein and the master regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Based on our previous studies showing the importance of GRP78 in MPM, we observed that BOLD-100, a specific modulator of GRP78 and the UPR, shows cytotoxicity against MPM cells. Our studies demonstrated that BOLD-100 increases ROS production and Ca2+ release from the ER, leading to ER stress activation and, ultimately, to cell death. Our in vitro data strongly suggest that BOLD-100 inhibits the growth of MPM cell lines, proposing the application as a single agent, or in combination with other standard-of-care drugs, to treat MPM.
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Xiong X, Huang KB, Wang Y, Cao B, Luo Y, Chen H, Yang Y, Long Y, Liu M, Chan ASC, Liang H, Zou T. Target Profiling of an Iridium(III)-Based Immunogenic Cell Death Inducer Unveils the Engagement of Unfolded Protein Response Regulator BiP. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10407-10416. [PMID: 35658433 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clinical chemotherapeutic drugs have occasionally been observed to induce antitumor immune responses beyond the direct cytotoxicity. Such effects are coined as immunogenic cell death (ICD), representing a "second hit" from the host immune system to tumor cells. Although chemo-immunotherapy is highly promising, ICD inducers remain sparse with vague drug-target mechanisms. Here, we report an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducing cyclometalated Ir(III)-bisNHC complex (1a) as a new ICD inducer, and based on this compound, a clickable photoaffinity probe was designed for target identification, which unveiled the engagement of the master regulator protein BiP (binding immunoglobulin protein)/GRP78 of the unfolded protein response pathway. This has been confirmed by a series of cellular and biochemical studies including fluorescence microscopy, cellular thermal shift assay, enzymatic assays, and so forth, showing the capability of 1a for BiP destabilization. Notably, besides 1a, the previously reported ICD inducers including KP1339, mitoxantrone, and oxaliplatin were also found to engage BiP interaction, suggesting the important role of BiP in eliciting anticancer immunity. We believe that the ICD-related target information in this work will help to understand the mode of action of ICD that is beneficial to designing new ICD agents with high specificity and improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bei Cao
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, and General Education Division, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
| | - Yunli Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huowen Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yan Long
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Moyi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Albert S C Chan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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14
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Ferraro MG, Piccolo M, Misso G, Santamaria R, Irace C. Bioactivity and Development of Small Non-Platinum Metal-Based Chemotherapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050954. [PMID: 35631543 PMCID: PMC9147010 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Countless expectations converge in the multidisciplinary endeavour for the search and development of effective and safe drugs in fighting cancer. Although they still embody a minority of the pharmacological agents currently in clinical use, metal-based complexes have great yet unexplored potential, which probably hides forthcoming anticancer drugs. Following the historical success of cisplatin and congeners, but also taking advantage of conventional chemotherapy limitations that emerged with applications in the clinic, the design and development of non-platinum metal-based chemotherapeutics, either as drugs or prodrugs, represents a rapidly evolving field wherein candidate compounds can be fine-tuned to access interactions with druggable biological targets. Moving in this direction, over the last few decades platinum family metals, e.g., ruthenium and palladium, have been largely proposed. Indeed, transition metals and molecular platforms where they originate are endowed with unique chemical and biological features based on, but not limited to, redox activity and coordination geometries, as well as ligand selection (including their inherent reactivity and bioactivity). Herein, current applications and progress in metal-based chemoth are reviewed. Converging on the recent literature, new attractive chemotherapeutics based on transition metals other than platinum—and their bioactivity and mechanisms of action—are examined and discussed. A special focus is committed to anticancer agents based on ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, and iridium, but also to gold derivatives, for which more experimental data are nowadays available. Next to platinum-based agents, ruthenium-based candidate drugs were the first to reach the stage of clinical evaluation in humans, opening new scenarios for the development of alternative chemotherapeutic options to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferraro
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
| | - Rita Santamaria
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Carlo Irace
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
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15
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Luo D, Fan N, Zhang X, Ngo FY, Zhao J, Zhao W, Huang M, Li D, Wang Y, Rong J. Covalent inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP78 disconnects the transduction of ER stress signals to inflammation and lipid accumulation in diet-induced obese mice. eLife 2022; 11:72182. [PMID: 35138251 PMCID: PMC8828050 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunctions may halt the pathogenesis of obesity and thereby reduce the prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disesases, and cancers. The present study was designed to elucidate the mechnaisms by which plant-derived celastrol ameliorated inflammation and lipid accumulation in obesity. The mouse model of diet-induced obesity was induced by feeding high-fat diet for 3 months and subsequently intervented with celastrol for 21 days. Hepatic and adipose tissues were analyzed for lipid accumulation, macrophage activation, and biomarker expression. As result, celastrol effectively reduced body weight, suppressed ER stress, inflammation, and lipogenesis while promoted hepatic lipolysis. RNA-sequencing revealed that celastrol-loaded nanomicelles restored the expression of 49 genes that regulate ER stress, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. On the other hand, celastrol-PEG4-alkyne was synthesized for identifying celastrol-bound proteins in RAW264.7 macrophages. ER chaperone GRP78 (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein) was identified by proteomics approach for celastrol binding to the residue Cys41. Upon binding and conjugation, celastrol diminished the chaperone activity of GRP78 by 130-fold and reduced ER stress in palmitate-challenged cells, while celastrol analog lacking quinone methide failed to exhibit antiobesity effects. Thus, covalent GRP78 inhibition may induce the reprograming of ER signaling, inflammation, and metabolism against diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ni Fan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fung Yin Ngo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ding Li
- Colleage of Chemistry and Pharmacy, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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16
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17
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The Anticancer Ruthenium Compound BOLD-100 Targets Glycolysis and Generates a Metabolic Vulnerability towards Glucose Deprivation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020238. [PMID: 35213972 PMCID: PMC8875291 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular energy metabolism is reprogrammed in cancer to fuel proliferation. In oncological therapy, treatment resistance remains an obstacle and is frequently linked to metabolic perturbations. Identifying metabolic changes as vulnerabilities opens up novel approaches for the prevention or targeting of acquired therapy resistance. Insights into metabolic alterations underlying ruthenium-based chemotherapy resistance remain widely elusive. In this study, colon cancer HCT116 and pancreatic cancer Capan-1 cells were selected for resistance against the clinically evaluated ruthenium complex sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (BOLD-100). Gene expression profiling identified transcriptional deregulation of carbohydrate metabolism as a response to BOLD-100 and in resistance against the drug. Mechanistically, acquired BOLD-100 resistance is linked to elevated glucose uptake and an increased lysosomal compartment, based on a defect in downstream autophagy execution. Congruently, metabolomics suggested stronger glycolytic activity, in agreement with the distinct hypersensitivity of BOLD-100-resistant cells to 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG). In resistant cells, 2-DG induced stronger metabolic perturbations associated with ER stress induction and cytoplasmic lysosome deregulation. The combination with 2-DG enhanced BOLD-100 activity against HCT116 and Capan-1 cells and reverted acquired BOLD-100 resistance by synergistic cell death induction and autophagy disturbance. This newly identified enhanced glycolytic activity as a metabolic vulnerability in BOLD-100 resistance suggests the targeting of glycolysis as a promising strategy to support BOLD-100 anticancer activity.
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18
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Bi F, Jiang Z, Park W, Hartwich TMP, Ge Z, Chong KY, Yang K, Morrison MJ, Kim D, Kim J, Zhang W, Kril LM, Watt DS, Liu C, Yang-Hartwich Y. A Benzenesulfonamide-Based Mitochondrial Uncoupler Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Immunogenic Cell Death in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2398-2409. [PMID: 34625503 PMCID: PMC8643344 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies and requires new therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes. EOC metastasizes in the abdominal cavity through dissemination in the peritoneal fluid and ascites, efficiently adapt to the nutrient-deprived microenvironment, and resist current chemotherapeutic agents. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is critical for the adaptation of EOC cells to this otherwise hostile microenvironment. Although chemical mitochondrial uncouplers can impair mitochondrial functions and thereby target multiple, essential pathways for cancer cell proliferation, traditional mitochondria uncouplers often cause toxicity that precludes their clinical application. In this study, we demonstrated that a mitochondrial uncoupler, specifically 2,5-dichloro-N-(4-nitronaphthalen-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide, hereinafter named Y3, was an antineoplastic agent in ovarian cancer models. Y3 treatment activated AMP-activated protein kinase and resulted in the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors as well as growth inhibition and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells in vitro Y3 was well tolerated in vivo and effectively suppressed tumor progression in three mouse models of EOC, and Y3 also induced immunogenic cell death of cancer cells that involved the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and the activation of antitumor adaptive immune responses. These findings suggest that mitochondrial uncouplers hold promise in developing new anticancer therapies that delay tumor progression and protect patients with ovarian cancer against relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Bi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ziyan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wonmin Park
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Tobias M P Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zhiping Ge
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kay Y Chong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kevin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Madeline J Morrison
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dongin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jaeyeon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Health Care, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Liliia M Kril
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Health Care, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - David S Watt
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Health Care, Lexington, Kentucky
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Chunming Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
- Lucille Parker Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Health Care, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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20
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Shang C, Hou Y, Meng T, Shi M, Cui G. The Anticancer Activity of Indazole Compounds: A Mini Review. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:363-376. [PMID: 33238856 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620999201124154231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of cancer continue to grow since the current medical treatments often fail to produce a complete and durable tumor response and ultimately give rise to therapy resistance and tumor relapse. Heterocycles with potential therapeutic values are of great pharmacological importance, and among them, indazole moiety is a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry. Indazole compounds possess potential anticancer activity, and indazole-based agents such as, axitinib, lonidamine and pazopanib have already been employed for cancer therapy, demonstrating indazole compounds as useful templates for the development of novel anticancer agents. The aim of this review is to present the main aspects of exploring anticancer properties, such as the structural modifications, the structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of action, making an effort to highlight the importance and therapeutic potential of the indazole compounds in the present anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congshan Shang
- Medical College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yani Hou
- Medical College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Meng
- Medical College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Shi
- Medical College, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an 710025, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoyan Cui
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Lazić D, Scheurer A, Ćoćić D, Milovanović J, Arsenijević A, Stojanović B, Arsenijević N, Milovanović M, Rilak Simović A. A new bis-pyrazolylpyridine ruthenium(III) complex as a potential anticancer drug: in vitro and in vivo activity in murine colon cancer. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7686-7704. [PMID: 33982702 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00185j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized and characterized the ruthenium(iii) pincer-type complex [RuCl3(H2Lt-Bu] (H2Lt-Bu = 2,6-bis(5-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, 1) by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and the mass spectrometry (MS) method ESI Q-TOF. For comparison reasons, we also studied ruthenium(iii) terpyridine complexes of the general formula [Ru(N-N-N)Cl3], where N-N-N = 4'-chloro-terpyridine (Cl-tpy; 2) or 4'-chlorophenyl-terpyridine (Cl-Ph-tpy; 3). A kinetic study of the substitution reactions of 1-3 with biomolecules showed that the rate constants depend on the properties of the spectator ligand and the nature of the entering nucleophile. The DNA/HSA binding study showed that in comparison to complex 1 (bis-pyrazolylpyridine), the other two (2 and 3) terpyridine complexes had a slightly better binding affinity to calf thymus DNA (CT DNA), while in the case of human serum albumin (HSA), complex 1 exhibited the strongest quenching ability. We demonstrated that 1 possesses significant in vitro cytotoxic activity against mouse colon carcinoma CT26 cells and in vivo antitumor activity in murine heterotopic colon carcinoma. Complex 1 induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptotic death in CT26 cells. Additionally, 1 showed antiproliferative activity, as evaluated by the detection of the expression levels of the Ki67 protein. Furthermore, the in vivo results showed that 1 reduced primary tumour growth and the number and growth of lung and liver metastases, significantly prolonging the treated mice's survival rate. This study highlighted that 1 does not show hepato- and nephrotoxicity. Our data demonstrated the considerable antitumor activity of the ruthenium(iii) pincer complex against CT26 tumour cells and implicated further investigations of its role as a potential chemotherapeutic agent for colon carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Lazić
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kraujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dušan Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, P. O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milovanović
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. and Department of Histology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Arsenijević
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Bojana Stojanović
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. and Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Arsenijević
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Marija Milovanović
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ana Rilak Simović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Natural Sciences, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Prokakis E, Dyas A, Grün R, Fritzsche S, Bedi U, Kazerouni ZB, Kosinsky RL, Johnsen SA, Wegwitz F. USP22 promotes HER2-driven mammary carcinoma aggressiveness by suppressing the unfolded protein response. Oncogene 2021; 40:4004-4018. [PMID: 34007022 PMCID: PMC8195738 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 22 (USP22) is a deubiquitinating subunit of the mammalian SAGA transcriptional co-activating complex. USP22 was identified as a member of the so-called "death-from-cancer" signature predicting therapy failure in cancer patients. However, the importance and functional role of USP22 in different types and subtypes of cancer remain largely unknown. In the present study, we leveraged human cell lines and genetic mouse models to investigate the role of USP22 in HER2-driven breast cancer (HER2+-BC) and demonstrate for the first time that USP22 is required for the tumorigenic properties in murine and human HER2+-BC models. To get insight into the underlying mechanisms, we performed transcriptome-wide gene expression analyses and identified the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) as a pathway deregulated upon USP22 loss. The UPR is normally induced upon extrinsic or intrinsic stresses that can promote cell survival and recovery if shortly activated or programmed cell death if activated for an extended period. Strikingly, we found that USP22 actively suppresses UPR induction in HER2+-BC cells by stabilizing the major endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone HSPA5. Consistently, loss of USP22 renders tumor cells more sensitive to apoptosis and significantly increases the efficiency of therapies targeting the ER folding capacity. Together, our data suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting USP22 activity may sensitize tumor cells to UPR induction and could provide a novel, effective approach to treat HER2+-BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Prokakis
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna Dyas
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Box 197, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Regina Grün
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Fritzsche
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Upasana Bedi
- Chromatin Remodeling Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067
| | - Zahra B Kazerouni
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robyn L Kosinsky
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Gene Regulatory Mechanisms and Molecular Epigenetics Lab, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Chen X, Cubillos-Ruiz JR. Endoplasmic reticulum stress signals in the tumour and its microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:71-88. [PMID: 33214692 PMCID: PMC7927882 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-00312-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein handling, modification and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are tightly regulated processes that determine cell function, fate and survival. In several tumour types, diverse oncogenic, transcriptional and metabolic abnormalities cooperate to generate hostile microenvironments that disrupt ER homeostasis in malignant and stromal cells, as well as infiltrating leukocytes. These changes provoke a state of persistent ER stress that has been demonstrated to govern multiple pro-tumoural attributes in the cancer cell while dynamically reprogramming the function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Aberrant activation of ER stress sensors and their downstream signalling pathways have therefore emerged as key regulators of tumour growth and metastasis as well as response to chemotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy. In this Review, we discuss the physiological inducers of ER stress in the tumour milieu, the interplay between oncogenic signalling and ER stress response pathways in the cancer cell and the profound immunomodulatory effects of sustained ER stress responses in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Notaro A, Gasser G. First Workshop on Metals in Medicine (2019): Translational Research in Medicinal Bioinorganic Chemistry. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2706-2707. [PMID: 32588495 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
On the 14-15th November 2019, the first workshop on Metals in Medicine took place in Paris at Chimie ParisTech, PSL University. Organised with the aim of having invited speakers share their experience in bringing metal-based drugs to (pre-)clinical trials, this event gathered 135 attendees from six continents to Paris. A special collection on this event has now been published in ChemBioChem, combining more than 20 articles on different topics related to metals in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Notaro
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005, Paris, France
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25
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Inhibition of DNA Repair Pathways and Induction of ROS Are Potential Mechanisms of Action of the Small Molecule Inhibitor BOLD-100 in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092647. [PMID: 32947941 PMCID: PMC7563761 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BOLD-100, a ruthenium-based complex, sodium trans-[tetrachloridobis (1H-indazole) ruthenate (III)] (also known as IT-139, NKP1339 or KP1339), is a novel small molecule drug that demonstrated a manageable safety profile at the maximum tolerated dose and modest antitumor activity in a phase I clinical trial. BOLD-100 has been reported to inhibit the upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensing protein GRP78. However, response to BOLD-100 varies in different cancer models and the precise mechanism of action in high-response versus low-response cancer cells remains unclear. In vitro studies have indicated that BOLD-100 induces cytostatic rather than cytotoxic effects as a monotherapy. To understand BOLD-100-mediated signaling mechanism in breast cancer cells, we used estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MCF7 breast cancer cells to obtain gene-metabolite integrated models. At 100 μM, BOLD-100 significantly reduced cell proliferation and expression of genes involved in the DNA repair pathway. BOLD-100 also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phosphorylation of histone H2AX, gamma-H2AX (Ser139), suggesting disruption of proper DNA surveillance. In estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer cells, combination of BOLD-100 with a PARP inhibitor, olaparib, induced significant inhibition of cell growth and xenografts and increased gamma-H2AX. Thus, BOLD-100 is a novel DNA repair pathway targeting agent and can be used with other chemotherapies in ER- breast cancer.
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26
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Ferraro MG, Piccolo M, Misso G, Maione F, Montesarchio D, Caraglia M, Paduano L, Santamaria R, Irace C. Breast Cancer Chemotherapeutic Options: A General Overview on the Preclinical Validation of a Multi-Target Ruthenium(III) Complex Lodged in Nucleolipid Nanosystems. Cells 2020; 9:E1412. [PMID: 32517101 PMCID: PMC7349411 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we have showcased the preclinical development of original amphiphilic nanomaterials designed for ruthenium-based anticancer treatments, to be placed within the current metallodrugs approach leading over the past decade to advanced multitarget agents endowed with limited toxicity and resistance. This strategy could allow for new options for breast cancer (BC) interventions, including the triple-negative subtype (TNBC) with poor therapeutic alternatives. BC is currently the second most widespread cancer and the primary cause of cancer death in women. Hence, the availability of novel chemotherapeutic weapons is a basic requirement to fight BC subtypes. Anticancer drugs based on ruthenium are among the most explored and advanced next-generation metallotherapeutics, with NAMI-A and KP1019 as two iconic ruthenium complexes having undergone clinical trials. In addition, many nanomaterial Ru complexes have been recently conceived and developed into anticancer drugs demonstrating attractive properties. In this field, we focused on the evaluation of a Ru(III) complex-named AziRu-incorporated into a suite of both zwitterionic and cationic nucleolipid nanosystems, which proved to be very effective for the in vivo targeting of breast cancer cells (BBC). Mechanisms of action have been widely explored in the context of preclinical evaluations in vitro, highlighting a multitarget action on cell death pathways which are typically deregulated in neoplasms onset and progression. Moreover, being AziRu inspired by the well-known NAMI-A complex, information on non-nanostructured Ru-based anticancer agents have been included in a precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 421, 80126 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 421, 80126 Naples, Italy; (D.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (F.M.)
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27
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Single Spheroid Metabolomics: Optimizing Sample Preparation of Three-Dimensional Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9120304. [PMID: 31847430 PMCID: PMC6950217 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9120304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor spheroids are important model systems due to the capability of capturing in vivo tumor complexity. In this work, the experimental design of metabolomics workflows using three-dimensional multicellular tumor spheroid (3D MTS) models is addressed. Non-scaffold based cultures of the HCT116 colon carcinoma cell line delivered highly reproducible MTSs with regard to size and other key parameters (such as protein content and fraction of viable cells) as a prerequisite. Carefully optimizing the multiple steps of sample preparation, the developed procedure enabled us to probe the metabolome of single MTSs (diameter range 790 ± 22 µm) in a highly repeatable manner at a considerable throughput. The final protocol consisted of rapid washing of the spheroids on the cultivation plate, followed by cold methanol extraction. 13C enriched internal standards, added upon extraction, were key to obtaining the excellent analytical figures of merit. Targeted metabolomics provided absolute concentrations with average biological repeatabilities of <20% probing MTSs individually. In a proof of principle study, MTSs were exposed to two metal-based anticancer drugs, oxaliplatin and the investigational anticancer drug KP1339 (sodium trans-[tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]), which exhibit distinctly different modes of action. This difference could be recapitulated in individual metabolic shifts observed from replicate single MTSs. Therefore, biological variation among single spheroids can be assessed using the presented analytical strategy, applicable for in-depth anticancer drug metabolite profiling.
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Lai H, Zeng D, Liu C, Zhang Q, Wang X, Chen T. Selenium-containing ruthenium complex synergizes with natural killer cells to enhance immunotherapy against prostate cancer via activating TRAIL/FasL signaling. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Riccardi C, Musumeci D, Trifuoggi M, Irace C, Paduano L, Montesarchio D. Anticancer Ruthenium(III) Complexes and Ru(III)-Containing Nanoformulations: An Update on the Mechanism of Action and Biological Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E146. [PMID: 31561546 PMCID: PMC6958509 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The great advances in the studies on metal complexes for the treatment of different cancer forms, starting from the pioneering works on platinum derivatives, have fostered an increasingly growing interest in their properties and biomedical applications. Among the various metal-containing drugs investigated thus far, ruthenium(III) complexes have emerged for their selective cytotoxic activity in vitro and promising anticancer properties in vivo, also leading to a few candidates in advanced clinical trials. Aiming at addressing the solubility, stability and cellular uptake issues of low molecular weight Ru(III)-based compounds, some research groups have proposed the development of suitable drug delivery systems (e.g., taking advantage of nanoparticles, liposomes, etc.) able to enhance their activity compared to the naked drugs. This review highlights the unique role of Ru(III) complexes in the current panorama of anticancer agents, with particular emphasis on Ru-containing nanoformulations based on the incorporation of the Ru(III) complexes into suitable nanocarriers in order to enhance their bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. Preclinical evaluation of these nanoaggregates is discussed with a special focus on the investigation of their mechanism of action at a molecular level, highlighting their pharmacological potential in tumour disease models and value for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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30
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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31
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Tabares JPG, Santos RLS, Cassiano JL, Zaim MH, Honorato J, Batista AA, Teixeira SF, Ferreira AK, Viana RB, Martínez SQ, Stábile AC, de Oliveira Silva D. A Ru(II)-p-cymene compound bearing naproxen-pyridineamide. Synthesis, spectroscopic studies, computational analysis and in vitro anticancer activity against lung cells compared to Ru(II)-p-cymene-naproxen and the corresponding drug ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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32
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Abstract
After nearly 20 years of research on the use of ruthenium in the fight against cancer, only two Ru(III) coordination complexes have advanced to clinical trials. During this time, the field has produced excellent candidate drugs with outstanding in vivo and in vitro activity; however, we have yet to find a ruthenium complex that would be a viable alternative to platinum drugs currently used in the clinic. We aimed to explore what we have learned from the most prominent complexes in the area, and to challenge new concepts in chemical design. Particularly relevant are studies involving NKP1339, NAMI-A, RM175, and RAPTA-C, which have paved the way for current research. We explored the development of the ruthenium anticancer field considering that the mechanism of action of complexes no longer focuses solely on DNA interactions, but explores a diverse range of cellular targets involving multiple chemical strategies.
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33
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Ojha R, Leli NM, Onorati A, Piao S, Verginadis II, Tameire F, Rebecca VW, Chude CI, Murugan S, Fennelly C, Noguera-Ortega E, Chu CT, Liu S, Xu X, Krepler C, Xiao M, Xu W, Wei Z, Frederick DT, Boland G, Mitchell TC, Karakousis GC, Schuchter LM, Flaherty KT, Zhang G, Herlyn M, Koumenis C, Amaravadi RK. ER Translocation of the MAPK Pathway Drives Therapy Resistance in BRAF-Mutant Melanoma. Cancer Discov 2018; 9:396-415. [PMID: 30563872 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-18-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors (BRAFi + MEKi) in BRAF-mutant tumors occurs through heterogeneous mechanisms, including ERK reactivation and autophagy. Little is known about the mechanisms by which ERK reactivation or autophagy is induced by BRAFi + MEKi. Here, we report that in BRAF-mutant melanoma cells, BRAFi + MEKi induced SEC61-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) translocation of the MAPK pathway via GRP78 and KSR2. Inhibition of ER translocation prevented ERK reactivation and autophagy. Following ER translocation, ERK exited the ER and was rephosphorylated by PERK. Reactivated ERK phosphorylated ATF4, which activated cytoprotective autophagy. Upregulation of GRP78 and phosphorylation of ATF4 were detected in tumors of patients resistant to BRAFi + MEKi. ER translocation of the MAPK pathway was demonstrated in therapy-resistant patient-derived xenografts. Expression of a dominant-negative ATF4 mutant conferred sensitivity to BRAFi + MEKi in vivo. This mechanism reconciles two major targeted therapy resistance pathways and identifies druggable targets, whose inhibition would likely enhance the response to BRAFi + MEKi. SIGNIFICANCE: ERK reactivation and autophagy are considered distinct resistance pathways to BRAF + MEK inhibition (BRAFi + MEKi) in BRAF V600E cancers. Here, we report BRAFi + MEKi-induced ER translocation of the MAPK pathway is necessary for ERK reactivation, which drives autophagy. The ER translocation mechanism is a major druggable driver of resistance to targeted therapy.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 305.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Ojha
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nektaria M Leli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Angelique Onorati
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shengfu Piao
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ioannis I Verginadis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Feven Tameire
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vito W Rebecca
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cynthia I Chude
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sengottuvelan Murugan
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Colin Fennelly
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Estela Noguera-Ortega
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charleen T Chu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shujing Liu
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Clemens Krepler
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Min Xiao
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Xu
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Dennie T Frederick
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Genevieve Boland
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tara C Mitchell
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Lynn M Schuchter
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gao Zhang
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Meenhard Herlyn
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program and Melanoma Research Center, Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Smilow Center for Translational Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Abramson Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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35
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Liu B, Monro S, Lystrom L, Cameron CG, Colon K, Yin H, Kilina S, McFarland SA, Sun W. Photophysical and Photobiological Properties of Dinuclear Iridium(III) Bis-tridentate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9859-9872. [PMID: 30091916 PMCID: PMC6337720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of cationic dinuclear iridium(III) complexes (Ir1-Ir5) bearing terpyridine-capped fluorenyl bridging ligands and different polypyridyl or cyclometalating terminal tridentate ligands were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their photophysical and photobiological activities. The influence of the bridging and terminal ligands on the photophysical properties of the complexes was investigated by UV-vis absorption, emission, and transient absorption spectroscopy and simulated by TDDFT calculations. All of the complexes displayed strong bridging-ligand localized visible 1π,π* absorption and red- or near-infrared phosphorescence as well as broad triplet excited-state absorption across both visible and NIR wavelengths. These triplet states were assigned as predominantly 3π,π* for Ir1 (τ = 3.1 μs) and Ir4 (τ = 48 μs) and 3CT (charge transfer) for Ir2, Ir3, and Ir5 (τ = 1.7-2.7 μs). Complexes Ir1-Ir5 acted as in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents toward human SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells when activated with visible light, with submicromolar photocytotoxicity and phototherapeutic indices ranging from 20 to almost 300. The in vitro PDT effects with visible light did not correlate with singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yields or DNA photocleaving capacity probed under cell-free conditions. All of the Ir(III) complexes phosphoresced brightly when associated with compromised cells (with or without light treatment) and exhibited photoactivated cellular uptake, highlighting the theranostic potential of this new class of Ir(III) complex photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Levi Lystrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Katsuya Colon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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36
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Poljarević JM, Tamás Gál G, May NV, Spengler G, Dömötör O, Savić AR, Grgurić-Šipka S, Enyedy ÉA. Comparative solution equilibrium and structural studies of half-sandwich ruthenium(II)(η 6-toluene) complexes of picolinate derivatives. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 181:74-85. [PMID: 29407910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Five Ru(II)(η6-toluene) complexes formed with 2-picolinic acid and its various derivatives have been synthesized and characterized. X-ray structures of four complexes are also reported. Complex formation processes of [Ru(II)(η6-toluene)(H2O)3]2+ organometallic cation with the metal-free ligands were studied in aqueous solution in the presence of chloride ions by the combined use of 1H NMR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry and pH-potentiometry. Solution stability, chloride ion affinity and lipophilicity of the complexes were characterized together with in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines being sensitive and resistant to classic chemotherapy and in normal cells as well. Formation of mono complexes such as [Ru(η6-toluene)(L)(Z)]+/0 (L: completely deprotonated ligand; Z = H2O/Cl-) with high stability and [Ru(η6-toluene)(L)(OH)] was found in solution. The pKa values (8.3-8.7) reflect the formation of low amount of mixed hydroxido species at pH 7.4 at 0.2 M KCl ionic strength. The complexes are fairly hydrophilic and show moderate chloride ion affinity and fast chloride-water exchange processes. The studied complexes exhibit no cytotoxic activity in human cancer cells (IC50 > 100 μM), only complexes formed with 2-picolinic acid (1) and its 3-methyl derivative (2) represented a moderate antiproliferative effect (IC50 = 84.8 (1), 79.2 μM (2)) on a multidrug resistant colon adenocarcinoma cell line revealing considerable multidrug resistant selectivity. Complexes 1 and 2 bind to human serum albumin covalently and relatively slowly with moderate strength at multiple binding sites without ligand cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Poljarević
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - G Tamás Gál
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra V May
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aleksandar R Savić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grgurić-Šipka
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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37
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Zhang Y, Xiao F, Zhong C, Zeng M, Zou L. Retracted Article: Cd induces G2/M cell cycle arrest by up-regulating miR-133b via directly targeting PPP2R2D in L02 hepatocytes. Metallomics 2018; 10:1510-1523. [DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00243f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study could provide a novel epigenetic mechanism for Cd-induced acute hepatotoxicity and it would offer new targets for its intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine
- Changsha 410013
- P. R. China
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health
- Changsha 410078
| | - Fang Xiao
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health
- Changsha 410078
- P. R. China
| | - Caigao Zhong
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health
- Changsha 410078
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Central South University Xiangya School of Public Health
- Changsha 410078
- P. R. China
| | - Lianhong Zou
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine
- Changsha 410013
- P. R. China
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38
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Guo S, Xiao Y, Li D, Jiang Q, Zhu L, Lin D, Jiang H, Chen W, Wang L, Liu C, Fang W, Lin L. PGK1 and GRP78 overexpression correlates with clinical significance and poor prognosis in Chinese endometrial cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 9:680-690. [PMID: 29416645 PMCID: PMC5787500 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the expression patterns of PGK1 and GRP78 in normal endometrial tissues and endometrial carcinoma, and associations between their combined effects and the pathological features of endometrial carcinoma. We used 30 normal endometrial tissue samples and 130 endometrial carcinoma samples, and separately evaluated PGK1 and GRP78 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Scores ranging from 0 to 9 were obtained by multiplying the percentage of positive cells by the staining intensity (0–3). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased PGK1 and GRP78 expression in the cytoplasm of endometrial carcinoma cells compared with that in normal endometrial tissues. High PGK1 expression positively correlated with the FIGO stage (P < 0.001), histological grade (P = 0.002), and lymph node status (P < 0.001). High GRP78 expression positively correlated with the pathological type (P = 0.0125), FIGO stage (P < 0.001), and lymph node status (P < 0.001). In addition, PGK1 overexpression was positively correlated with GRP78 overexpression in endometrial carcinoma patients (P < 0.001), and the concurrent expression of both oncogenes in endometrial carcinoma patients correlated significantly with the lymph node status (P < 0.001) and FIGO stage (P < 0.001). Patients with high PGK1 and GRP78 expression levels had poorer overall survival rates than those with low expression levels of both proteins (P < 0.001). Our results suggested that the co-occurrence of PGK1 and GRP78 expression is potentially an unfavorable factor for endometrial carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suiqun Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yanyi Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Danqing Li
- Department of Healthy Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qingping Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, 510150, P.R. China
| | - Litong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China.,Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, P.R. China
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