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Rathor R, Suryakumar G. Myokines: A central point in managing redox homeostasis and quality of life. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38572958 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a crucial phenomenon that is obligatory for maintaining the healthy status of cells. However, the loss of redox homeostasis may lead to numerous diseases that ultimately result in a compromised quality of life. Skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ that secretes hundreds of myokines. Myokines are peptides and cytokines produced and released by muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle secreted myokines act as a robust modulator for regulating cellular metabolism and redox homeostasis which play a prime role in managing and improving metabolic function in multiple organs. Further, the secretory myokines maintain redox homeostasis not only in muscles but also in other organs of the body via stabilizing oxidants and antioxidant levels. Myokines are also engaged in maintaining mitochondrial dynamics as mitochondria is a central point for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ergo, myokines also act as a central player in communicating signals to other organs, including the pancreas, gut, liver, bone, adipose tissue, brain, and skin via their autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of skeletal muscle-secreted myokines in managing redox homeostasis and quality of life. Additionally, probable strategies will be discussed that provide a solution for a better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
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2
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Hussain MS, Moglad E, Bansal P, Kaur H, Deorari M, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Singh M, Kukreti N. Exploring the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles of Circ-ADAM9 in cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155257. [PMID: 38537524 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a recently identified category of closed continuous loop RNA transcripts, serving as a subset of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) with the capacity to modulate genes by acting as microRNA sponges. In the context of cancer growth, numerous investigations have explored the potential functions of circRNAs, revealing their diverse functions either as oncogenes, promoting cancer progression, or as tumor suppressors, mitigating disease development. Among these, circRNA ADAM9 (Circ-ADAM9) is now recognized as an important player in a variety of mechanisms, both physiological and pathological, especially in cancer. The aberrant expression of Circ-ADAM9 has been observed across multiple human malignancies, implying a significant involvement in tumorigenesis. This comprehensive review aims to synthesize recent findings elucidating the function of Circ-ADAM9 in many malignancies. Additionally, the review explores the possibility of Circ-ADAM9 as a valuable biomarker, offering insights into its prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications. By summarizing the latest discoveries in this field, the review contributes to our understanding of the multifaceted contribution of Circ-ADAM9 in tumor biology and its potential applications in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahaveer Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKMs, NMIMS University, Shirpur campus, Maharastra 425405, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
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Zhai W, Wang Z, Ye C, Ke L, Wang H, Liu H. IL-6 Mutation Attenuates Liver Injury Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila Infection by Reducing Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17215. [PMID: 38139043 PMCID: PMC10743878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays a crucial role in acute stress induced by bacterial infection and is strongly associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, the role of IL-6 in the liver of fish after Aeromonas hydrophila infection remains unclear. Therefore, this study constructed a zebrafish (Danio rerio) il-6 knockout line by CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the function of IL-6 in the liver post bacterial infection. After infection with A. hydrophila, pathological observation showed that il-6-/- zebrafish exhibited milder liver damage than wild-type (WT) zebrafish. Moreover, liver transcriptome sequencing revealed that 2432 genes were significantly up-regulated and 1706 genes were significantly down-regulated in il-6-/- fish compared with WT fish after A. hydrophila infection. Further, gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in redox-related terms, including oxidoreductase activity, copper ion transport, etc. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways such as the PPAR signaling pathway, suggesting that il-6 mutation has a significant effect on redox processes in the liver after A. hydrophila infection. Additionally, il-6-/- zebrafish exhibited lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the liver compared with WT zebrafish following A. hydrophila infection, indicating that IL-6 deficiency mitigates oxidative stress induced by A. hydrophila infection in the liver. These findings provide a basis for further studies on the role of IL-6 in regulating oxidative stress in response to bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Zhai
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Zhensheng Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Canxun Ye
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Lan Ke
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
| | - Huanling Wang
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, College of Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.Y.); (L.K.); (H.W.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
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Xing L, Tang Y, Li L, Tao X. ROS in hepatocellular carcinoma: What we know. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023:109699. [PMID: 37499994 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a primary liver cancer subtype, has a poor prognosis due to its high degree of malignancy. The lack of early diagnosis makes systemic therapy the only hope for HCC patients with advanced disease; however, resistance to drugs is a major obstacle. In recent years, targeted molecular therapy has gained popularity as a potential treatment for HCC. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are cancer markers and a potential target for HCC therapy, can both promote and inhibit the disease. At present, many studies have examined targeted regulation of ROS in the treatment of HCC. Here, we reviewed the latest drugs that are still in the experimental stage, including nanocarrier drugs, exosome drugs, antibody drugs, aptamer drugs and polysaccharide drugs, to provide new hope for the clinical treatment of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China; School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China.
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Sun W, Wang J, Wang Z, Xu M, Lin Q, Sun P, Yuan Y. Combining WGCNA and machine learning to construct basement membrane-related gene index helps to predict the prognosis and tumor microenvironment of HCC patients and verifies the carcinogenesis of key gene CTSA. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1185916. [PMID: 37287981 PMCID: PMC10242074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high recurrence and metastasis rates and poor prognosis. Basement membrane is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix and is a key physical factor in cancer metastasis. Therefore, basement membrane-related genes may be new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. We systematically analyzed the expression pattern and prognostic value of basement membrane-related genes in HCC using the TCGA-HCC dataset, and constructed a new BMRGI based on WGCNA and machine learning. We used the HCC single-cell RNA-sequencing data in GSE146115 to describe the single-cell map of HCC, analyzed the interaction between different cell types, and explored the expression of model genes in different cell types. BMRGI can accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients and was validated in the ICGC cohort. In addition, we also explored the underlying molecular mechanisms and tumor immune infiltration in different BMRGI subgroups, and confirmed the differences in response to immunotherapy in different BMRGI subgroups based on the TIDE algorithm. Then, we assessed the sensitivity of HCC patients to common drugs. In conclusion, our study provides a theoretical basis for the selection of immunotherapy and sensitive drugs in HCC patients. Finally, we also considered CTSA as the most critical basement membrane-related gene affecting HCC progression. In vitro experiments showed that the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells were significantly impaired when CTSA was knocked down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanjun Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihang Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mohamed EH, Abo El-Magd NF, El Gayar AM. Carvacrol enhances anti-tumor activity and mitigates cardiotoxicity of sorafenib in thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model through inhibiting TRPM7. Life Sci 2023; 324:121735. [PMID: 37142088 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sorafenib (Sora) represents one of the few effective drugs for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while resistance and cardiotoxicity limit its therapeutic efficacy. This study investigated the effect of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) inhibitor, carvacrol (CARV), on overcoming Sora resistance and cardiotoxicity in thioacetamide (TAA) induced HCC in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS TAA (200 mg/kg/twice weekly, intraperitoneal) was administered for 16 weeks to induce HCC. Rats were treated with Sora (10 mg/Kg/day; orally) and CARV (15 mg/kg/day; orally) alone or in combination, for six weeks after HCC induction. Liver and heart functions, antioxidant capacity, and histopathology were performed. Apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance were assessed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS CARV/Sora combination significantly improved survival rate, and liver functions, reduced Alpha-Fetoprotein level, and attenuated HCC progression compared with Sora group. CARV coadministration almost obviated Sora-induced changes in cardiac and hepatic tissues. The CARV/Sora combination suppressed drug resistance and stemness by downregulating ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2, NOTCH1, Spalt like transcription factor 4, and CD133. CARV boosted Sora antiproliferative and apoptotic activities by decreasing cyclin D1 and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 and increasing BCL2-Associated X and caspase-3. SIGNIFICANCE CARV/Sora is a promising combination for tumor suppression and overcoming Sora resistance and cardiotoxicity in HCC by modulating TRPM7. To our best knowledge, this study represents the first study to investigate the efficiency of CARV/ Sora on the HCC rat model. Moreover, no previous studies have reported the effect of inhibiting TRPM7 on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, Damietta 34511, Egypt.
| | - Nada F Abo El-Magd
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Kalita A, Sikora-Skrabaka M, Nowakowska-Zajdel E. Role of Some microRNA/ADAM Proteins Axes in Gastrointestinal Cancers as a Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets—A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2917-2936. [PMID: 37185715 PMCID: PMC10136553 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are some of the most common cancers in the world and their number is increasing. Their etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. ADAM proteins are a family of transmembrane and secreted metalloproteinases that play a role in cancerogenesis, metastasis and neoangiogenesis. MicroRNAs are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that take part in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Some ADAM proteins can be targets for microRNAs. In this review, we analyze the impact of microRNA/ADAM protein axes in GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kalita
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, No. 4 Provincial Specialist Hospital, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sikora-Skrabaka
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, No. 4 Provincial Specialist Hospital, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowakowska-Zajdel
- Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Department of Metabolic Disease Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, No. 4 Provincial Specialist Hospital, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Bin Y, Deng W, Hu H, Zeng Q, Chen J, Xu Y, Dai Y, Liao A, Xiao W. RASSF1A inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells by downregulating P-JNK. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:573-583. [PMID: 36404583 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors. In this study, we assessed the biological role of Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) in GC cells. Expressions of RASSF1A and the relationship of RASSF1A with epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-related proteins were assessed in five cell lines using Western blot. GC cells with RASSF1A overexpression were used to study sensitivity to cisplatin, migration, invasion, and the expression of EMT-associated biomarkers. GC cells showed profound downregulation of RASSF1A expression compared with normal human gastric mucosal cells. High RASSF1A expression was associated with increased overall survival. Overexpression of RASSF1A regulates GC cells activity and the expression of EMT-associated biomarkers. RASSF1A regulates E-cadherin and Vimentin through P-JNK pathway. Our results revealed that RASSF1A can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells via E-cadherin. Our study provides insights for further research on GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Bin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenbing Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hongsai Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Zeng
- Department of Geratology, LouDi Central Hospital, Loudi, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yanqing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, AnXiang People's Hospital, Anxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Weisheng Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Li R, Hu Y, Hou S. An Exploration of Oral-Gut Pathogens Mediating Immune Escape of Pancreatic Cancer via miR-21/PTEN Axis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:928846. [PMID: 35814712 PMCID: PMC9258743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.928846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral-gut pathogens are closely associated with pancreatic cancer, such as Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium difficile, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Helicobacter pylori, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Vibrio cholera, but the related mechanisms remain not well understood. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN, a widely known tumor suppressor) play a key role in the anti-cancer immune system. Pancreatic cancer cells with PTEN loss are often in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment regulated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and M2 macrophages, which are regarded as the mechanism in the immune escape of cancers. The miR-21, as an oncogene in human cancers, plays an important role in pancreatic cancer progression, downregulates the levels of PTEN, and may promote cancer to evade host immune surveillance. Some oral-gut pathogens have been found to promote miR-21 expression and reduce PTEN expression. On the other hand, most gut pathogens infection is thought to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) or activate inflammatory cytokines, which may also induce ROS-mediated miR-21 expression. These pathogens' infection is involved with the cell density of MDSCs, Tregs, and M2 macrophages. Therefore, it is quite reasonable to propose that oral-gut pathogens possibly promote pancreatic cancer escaping from host immune surveillance by activating the miR-21/PTEN axis and immune-suppressive cells. The present exploration suggests that an increased understanding of the pattern of the effects of gut pathogens on the miR-21/PTEN axis will lead to better insights into the specific mechanisms associated with the immune escape of pancreatic cancer caused by oral-gut microbiota.
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Zhang YY, Li SQ, Song Y, Wang P, Song XG, Zhu WF, Wang DM. Silencing the ADAM9 Gene through CRISPR/Cas9 Protects Mice from Alcohol-Induced Acute Liver Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5110161. [PMID: 35707386 PMCID: PMC9192226 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver injury is a major global public health concern at present. The ADAM9 gene plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various liver diseases, but its role in acute alcoholic liver injury remains ambiguous. In this study, a chimeric single-guide RNA targeting the genomic regions of mouse ADAM9 was designed using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology. Next, the role of ADAM9 in acute alcoholic liver injury in vitro in cultured mouse cells and in vivo in a hydrodynamic injection-based alcoholic liver injury mouse model was documented. The findings of this study suggest that ADAM9 induces by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stress metabolism in mice. Thus, inhibiting the expression of ADAM9 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 can attenuate alcohol-induced acute liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Yong Zhang
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Orthopedic Institute of Henan Province, Luoyang, 471003 Henan, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - San-Qiang Li
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Ying Song
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Ping Wang
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xiao-Gai Song
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Wen-Feng Zhu
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wang
- The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
- Henan Center for Engineering and Technology Research on Prevention and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Luoyang 471003, China
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Huang L, Guan S, Feng L, Wei J, Wu L. Integrated analysis identified NPNT as a potential key regulator in tumor metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene 2022; 825:146436. [PMID: 35304239 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the lethal malignancies worldwide. Tumor metastasis is the main cause of HCC related death. Although progress has been made in the mechanism study of HCC in the past decades, the underlying mechanism of HCC metastasis has not been fully illustrated. In the present study, bioinformatic analysis including weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed gene analysis, and gene enrichment analysis were applied to discover genes correlated with HCC metastasis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were applied to detect the expression of NPNT in HCC samples. Cell transfection, wound healing, matrigel transwell assays, and western blot assays were utilized to evaluate the effects of NPNT on cell migration and invasion and signaling pathway variation. We found that NPNT was up-regulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. Especially, NPNT was highly expressed in metastatic tumor compared with non-metastatic HCC tumors. Down-regulation of NPNT via siRNA transfection inhibited cell migration, invasion, and FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HCC. Our results demonstrate that NPNT is a potential key regulator in HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingkun Huang
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuzhen Guan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Pathology, the first Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrui Wei
- Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lichuan Wu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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Dong Y, Sun X, Zhang K, He X, Zhang Q, Song H, Xu M, Lu H, Ren R. Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition and facilitates HCC progression by regulating Snail expression. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12967-12979. [PMID: 34939898 PMCID: PMC8810028 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its expression is positively correlated with poor prognosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this connection are poorly understood. Hence, the present work aimed to examine the possible mechanisms which may be useful in identifying a potential therapeutic strategy. The differential expression of TOP2A mRNA in HCC as compared with adjacent normal tissue was analyzed using the Oncomine database. The expression levels of TOP2A in HCC specimens and cell lines were assessed by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Stable cell lines were generated to knockdown or overexpress TOP2A, and then cell growth, migration, and invasion were analyzed. Furthermore, this study examined epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as the activation of related pathways. Additionally, the correlation between TOP2A levels and E-cadherin/Snail expression was determined in 72 HCC specimens. Higher expression levels of TOP2A were observed in HCC in Oncomine datasets, and the results were verified using 40 pairs of HCC specimens and peritumoral tissues. TOP2A expression levels were remarkably elevated in cells with great metastatic capacity. In addition, HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion were suppressed after TOP2A knockdown in MHCC97H cells (MHCC97H-shRNA-TOP2A), while these capabilities were promoted in TOP2A-overexpressing Hep3B cells (Hep3B-TOP2A). Furthermore, EMT was inhibited in MHCC97H-shRNA-TOP2A cells, but induced in Hep3B-TOP2A cells. The induction of EMT by TOP2A was shown to be mediated by Snail, as TOP2A promoted Snail expression through the p-ERK1/2/p-SMAD2 signaling pathway. TOP2A level showed a negative correlation with E-cadherin, whereas a positive correlation with that of vimentin and Snail in human HCC specimens by immunohistochemistry analyses. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that TOP2A upregulation showed a positive correlation with poor prognosis patients. Taken together, TOP2A possibly enhances the metastasis of HCC by promoting EMT through the mediation of the p-ERK1/2/p-SMAD2/Snail pathway. This indicates that TOP2A maybe a potential factor to predict the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinying Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Xiangyin Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Kong Zhang
- Department of Intensive-care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xinjia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Hao Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Mingjin Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Haijun Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
| | - Ruimei Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,PR China
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13
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Ding Q, Lin D, Zhou Y, Li F, Lai J, Duan J, Chen J, Jiang C. Downregulation of amine oxidase copper containing 1 inhibits tumor progression by suppressing IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway activation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:857. [PMID: 34777591 PMCID: PMC8581477 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Amine oxidase copper containing 1 (AOC1) is a copper-containing amine oxidase that catalyzes the deamination of polyamines. AOC1 functions as an oncogene in human gastric cancer. There is little information available regarding the function of AOC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of AOC1 in HCC tissues, and the role of AOC1 in HCC progression was determined using western blot, Cell Counting Kit 8, clone formation, wound-healing and Transwell assays. An AOC1 survival curve was generated with data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed to investigate the potential biological mechanisms of AOC1 in HCC. AOC1 was found to be upregulated in HCC tissues, which was associated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, AOC1-knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness, suppressed IL-6 expression, as well as decreasing JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation. Ultimately, the results of the present study illustrate that AOC1 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of HCC cells by regulating the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Blood Purification Center, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Department of Physical Therapy, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Lai
- School of Clinical Medicine, QingDao University Medical College, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Eight Areas of Liver Disease, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
| | - Caihua Jiang
- Outpatient Department, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
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Zhu L, Zhao Y, Yu L, He X, Wang Y, Jiang P, Yu R, Li W, Dong B, Wang X, Dong Y. Overexpression of ADAM9 decreases radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cell by activating autophagy. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5516-5528. [PMID: 34528498 PMCID: PMC8806855 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1965694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and a metalloprotease (ADAM)9 upregulated within human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but its effect on HCC radiosensitivity remains unknown. The present work aimed to examine the effect of ADAM9 on HCC radiosensitivity and to reveal its possible mechanism, which may be helpful in identifying a potential therapeutic strategy. Changes in ADAM9 expression after X-ray irradiation were identified using western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. ADAM9 stable knockdown and overexpression cell lines were constructed using lentivirus packaging. The radiosensitivity of HCC cells with altered ADAM9 expression was examined by CCK-8 assays, subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments, and clone formation assays. This study also determined how autophagy affected HCC cell radiosensitivity. Furthermore, ADAM9, p62 and Bax expressions in HCC tissues that were removed after radiotherapy were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship among the levels of these molecules was statistically analyzed. The level of ADAM9expression in HCC cells increased after X-ray irradiation. Through CCK-8 assays, subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiments, and clone formation assays, this work discovered the increased MHCC97H cell radiosensitivity after ADAM9 knockdown, and the radiosensitivity of Huh7 cells decreased after the overexpression of ADAM9. Furthermore, ADAM9 induced HCC cell autophagy via downregulating Nrf2 expression, while autophagy inhibition or induction reversed the effects of altered ADAM9 expression on radiosensitivity. Moreover, ADAM9 level showed a negative correlation with Bax and p62 expression within HCC tissues after radiotherapy. Taken together, ADAM9 decreased the radiosensitivity of HCC cells, and autophagy mediated this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Zhu
- Department Of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department Of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department Of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xinjia He
- Department Of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yingju Wang
- Center Of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated To Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Radiotherapy Technology Center Of The Affiliated Hospital Of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jimo District People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Radiotherapy Technology Center Of The Affiliated Hospital Of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Radiotherapy Technology Center Of The Affiliated Hospital Of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Radiotherapy Technology Center Of The Affiliated Hospital Of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yinying Dong
- Department Of Tumor Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Feng R, Cui Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Upregulated microRNA-132 in T helper 17 cells activates hepatic stellate cells to promote hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration in vitro. Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e13007. [PMID: 33264420 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play an important role in the modulation of the immune system. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are involved in the modulation of the tumour microenvironment. However, the function of miRNA in Th17 cells in the tumour microenvironment is unclear. In this study, we analysed miR-132 expression in Th17 cells and assessed the function of miR-132 on Th17 cell differentiation. In addition, the effect of miR-132 on Th17 cells in the tumour microenvironment, especially hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), was confirmed. CD4+ IL-17 ∓ cells were isolated from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumour tissues. The expression of miR-132 was higher in CD4+ IL-17 + cells than in CD4+ IL-17- cells. Human primary CD4+ T cells were used for Th17 cell differentiation. Compared with primary CD4+ T cells, Th17 cells expressed high levels of miR-132. During Th17 cell differentiation, a miR-132 mimic and inhibition were applied. After treatment with the miR-132 mimic, the differentiation of Th17 cells accelerated, showing a a higher percentage of Th17 cells and the expression and secretion of IL-17 and IL-22. Smad nuclear interacting protein 1 (SNIP1), as one of the targets of miR-132, decreased during Th17 cell differentiation-related Th17 differentiation and IL-17 expression. The conditioned medium of miR-132-overexpressing Th17 cells could increase the activation of the HSCs, which strongly promoted HCC cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In summary, miR-132 positively regulates Th17 cell differentiation and improves the function of Th17 on HSCs for their tumour-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zilin Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zirong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
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Jiang Y, Wang B, Li Y, Shen J, Wei Y, Li H, Chen S, Yang H, Zeng F, Liu C, Wang F, He H, Chen Y, Liu J. DDX19A Promotes Metastasis of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inducing NOX1-Mediated ROS Production. Front Oncol 2021; 11:629974. [PMID: 33968728 PMCID: PMC8100682 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.629974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The major obstacle to treat cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the high prevalence of metastasis, which severely affects 5-year survival rate and quality of life for cancer patients. The DEAD-box helicase family has been reported to be a critical mediator in the development and metastasis of various cancers. DEAD-box helicase 19A (DDX19A) is a member of the DEAD-box helicase family; however, its functional role in CSCC is unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of clinical samples from public databases demonstrated that the expression of DDX19A was elevated in CSCC tissues and that high expression of DDX19A was positively correlated with metastasis and poor clinical outcome. Functionally, we found that DDX19A promoted CSCC cell migration and invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, overexpression of DDX19A increased NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) expression, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and induced the migration and invasion of CSCC cells. Rescue experiments revealed that DDX19A-induced CSCC functional alterations were dependent on NOX1 and that DDX19A-promoted CSCC metastasis was abrogated upon the inhibition of ROS. Our results demonstrated that DDX19A could promote CSCC metastasis by inducing NOX1-mediated ROS production and that blockage of the NOX1/ROS axis might serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with DDX19A-overexpressed CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baibin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongliang Li
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yutao Wei
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hanjie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Shangqiu Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Famin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Huanhuan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Théret N, Bouezzeddine F, Azar F, Diab-Assaf M, Legagneux V. ADAM and ADAMTS Proteins, New Players in the Regulation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071563. [PMID: 33805340 PMCID: PMC8037375 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Members of the adamalysin family are multi-domain proteins involved in many cancer-related functions. In this review, we will examine the literature on the involvement of adamalysins in hepatocellular carcinoma progression and their importance in the tumor microenvironment where they regulate the inflammatory response and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. We complete this review with an analysis of adamalysin expression in a large cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. These original results give a new insight into the involvement of all adamalysins in the primary liver cancer. Abstract The tumor microenvironment plays a major role in tumor growth, invasion and resistance to chemotherapy, however understanding how all actors from microenvironment interact together remains a complex issue. The tumor microenvironment is classically represented as three closely connected components including the stromal cells such as immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes and endothelial cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cytokine/growth factors. Within this space, proteins of the adamalysin family (ADAM for a disintegrin and metalloproteinase; ADAMTS for ADAM with thrombospondin motifs; ADAMTSL for ADAMTS-like) play critical roles by modulating cell–cell and cell–ECM communication. During last decade, the implication of adamalysins in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been supported by numerous studies however the functional characterization of most of them remain unsettled. In the present review we propose both an overview of the literature and a meta-analysis of adamalysins expression in HCC using data generated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Théret
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S1085, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.A.); (V.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Fidaa Bouezzeddine
- Molecular Cancer and Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University Fanar, 1500 Beirut, Lebanon; (F.B.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Fida Azar
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S1085, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.A.); (V.L.)
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Molecular Cancer and Pharmaceutical Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University Fanar, 1500 Beirut, Lebanon; (F.B.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Vincent Legagneux
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en santé, Environnement et Travail)-UMR_S1085, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France; (F.A.); (V.L.)
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18
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Wang SH, Chen YL, Hsiao JR, Tsai FY, Jiang SS, Lee AYL, Tsai HJ, Chen YW. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 promotes radiosensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via positive feedback on NF-κB/IL-6/ROS signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:95. [PMID: 33712045 PMCID: PMC7955639 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ectopic insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) expression has been shown to enhance cell migration and lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. However, OSCC patients with high IGFBP3 expression had improved survival compared with those with low expression. Therefore, we speculated that IGFBP3 expression may play a role in response to conventional OSCC therapies, such as radiotherapy. Methods We used in vitro and in vivo analyses to explore IGFBP3-mediated radiosensitivity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection by flow cytometry was used to confirm IGFBP3-mediated ionizing radiation (IR)-induced apoptosis. Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used to analyze the relationship between IGFBP3 and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling. Assays involving an NF-κB inhibitor, ROS scavenger or interleukin 6 (IL-6) were used to evaluate the NF-κB/IL-6/ROS signaling in IGFBP3-mediated radiosensitivity. Results Ectopic IGFBP3 expression enhanced IR-induced cell-killing in vitro. In vivo, IGFBP3 reduced tumor growth and increased apoptotic signals of tumor tissues in immunocompromised mice treated with IR. Combined with IR, ectopic IGFBP3 expression induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, which was apparent through mitochondrial destruction and increased ROS production. Ectopic IGFBP3 expression enhanced NK-κB activation and downstream cytokine expression. After IR exposure, IGFBP3-induced NF-κB activation was inhibited by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). IGFBP3-mediated ROS production was reduced by the NF-κB inhibitor BMS-345541, while exogenous IL-6 rescued the NF-κB-inhibited, IGFBP3-mediated ROS production. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that IGFBP3, a potential biomarker for radiosensitivity, promotes IR-mediated OSCC cell death by increasing ROS production through NF-κB activation and cytokine production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01898-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Han Wang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shih Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Jen Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Pang BPS, Chan WS, Chan CB. Mitochondria Homeostasis and Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Skeletal Muscle-Do Myokines Play a Role? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020179. [PMID: 33513795 PMCID: PMC7911667 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the cellular powerhouses that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to substantiate various biochemical activities. Instead of being a static intracellular structure, they are dynamic organelles that perform constant structural and functional remodeling in response to different metabolic stresses. In situations that require a high ATP supply, new mitochondria are assembled (mitochondrial biogenesis) or formed by fusing the existing mitochondria (mitochondrial fusion) to maximize the oxidative capacity. On the other hand, nutrient overload may produce detrimental metabolites such as reactive oxidative species (ROS) that wreck the organelle, leading to the split of damaged mitochondria (mitofission) for clearance (mitophagy). These vital processes are tightly regulated by a sophisticated quality control system involving energy sensing, intracellular membrane interaction, autophagy, and proteasomal degradation to optimize the number of healthy mitochondria. The effective mitochondrial surveillance is particularly important to skeletal muscle fitness because of its large tissue mass as well as its high metabolic activities for supporting the intensive myofiber contractility. Indeed, the failure of the mitochondrial quality control system in skeletal muscle is associated with diseases such as insulin resistance, aging, and muscle wasting. While the mitochondrial dynamics in cells are believed to be intrinsically controlled by the energy content and nutrient availability, other upstream regulators such as hormonal signals from distal organs or factors generated by the muscle itself may also play a critical role. It is now clear that skeletal muscle actively participates in systemic energy homeostasis via producing hundreds of myokines. Acting either as autocrine/paracrine or circulating hormones to crosstalk with other organs, these secretory myokines regulate a large number of physiological activities including insulin sensitivity, fuel utilization, cell differentiation, and appetite behavior. In this article, we will review the mechanism of myokines in mitochondrial quality control and ROS balance, and discuss their translational potential.
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20
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Chou CW, Huang YK, Kuo TT, Liu JP, Sher YP. An Overview of ADAM9: Structure, Activation, and Regulation in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207790. [PMID: 33096780 PMCID: PMC7590139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM9 (A disintegrin and a metalloprotease 9) is a membrane-anchored protein that participates in a variety of physiological functions, primarily through the disintegrin domain for adhesion and the metalloprotease domain for ectodomain shedding of a wide variety of cell surface proteins. ADAM9 influences the developmental process, inflammation, and degenerative diseases. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that ADAM9 plays an important role in tumor biology. Overexpression of ADAM9 has been found in several cancer types and is correlated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. In addition, through either proteolytic or non-proteolytic pathways, ADAM9 promotes tumor progression, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis of cancers. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the mechanism of ADAM9 is crucial for the development of therapeutic anti-cancer strategies. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of ADAM9 in biological function, pathophysiological diseases, and various cancers. Recent advances in therapeutic strategies using ADAM9-related pathways are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (Y.-K.H.); (J.-P.L.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (Y.-K.H.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Ting-Ting Kuo
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Jing-Pei Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (Y.-K.H.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Yuh-Pyng Sher
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-W.C.); (Y.-K.H.); (J.-P.L.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121
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21
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Leukotriene receptor antagonists enhance HCC treatment efficacy by inhibiting ADAMs and suppressing MICA shedding. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:203-213. [PMID: 32683508 PMCID: PMC7838147 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02660-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In our previous genome-wide association study, we demonstrated the association between MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Increasing membrane-bound MICA (mMICA) in cancer cells by reducing MICA sheddases facilitates natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Our recent study clarified that A disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAM), including ADAM9, are MICA sheddases in HCC, and that the suppression of ADAMs increases mMICA, demonstrating the rationality of mMICA-NK targeted therapy. Furthermore, we showed that regorafenib suppresses ADAM9 transcriptionally and translationally. A library of FDA-approved drugs was screened for more efficient inhibitors of ADAM9. Flow cytometry evaluation of the expression of mMICA after treatment with various candidate drugs identified leukotriene receptor antagonists as potential ADAM9 inhibitors. Furthermore, leukotriene receptor antagonists alone or in combination with regorafenib upregulated mMICA, which was in turn downregulated by leukotriene C4 and D4 via ADAM9 function. Our study demonstrates that leukotriene receptor antagonists could be developed as novel drugs for immunological control and suppression of ADAM9 in HCC. Further, leukotriene receptor antagonists should be explored as combination therapy partners with conventional multi-kinase inhibitors for developing therapeutic strategies with enhanced efficacies for HCC management and treatment.
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Yu C, Wang Y, Liu T, Sha K, Song Z, Zhao M, Wang X. The microRNA miR-3174 Suppresses the Expression of ADAM15 and Inhibits the Proliferation of Patient-Derived Bladder Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4157-4168. [PMID: 32547057 PMCID: PMC7244357 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s246710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a major urinary system cancer, and its mechanism of action regarding its progression is unclear. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of ADAM panel in the clinical specimens of bladder cancer and to investigate the role of miR-3174/ADAM15 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 15) axis in the regulation of bladder cancer cell proliferation. Methods The expression of an ADAM gene panel (including ADAM8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, 28, and 33), including 30 pairs of bladder tumor and non-tumor specimens, was examined by Ion AmpliSeq Targeted Sequencing. A microRNA (miRNA) that could potentially target the ADAM with the highest expression level in the tumor tissue was identified using the online tool miRDB. Next, the interaction between the miRNA and ADAM15 was identified by Western blot. Finally, the proliferation of bladder cancer cells was examined using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) experiments (cell proliferation examining) and subcutaneous tumor models by using nude mice. Results The expression of ADAM15 in tumor tissue was found statistically significant when compared to its expression in non-tumor tissue. Additionally, ADAM15's expression in tumor tissue was found the highest of all other tested ADAMs. Next, by using the online tool miRDB, a microRNA termed miR-3174 was identified that targets ADAM15 and inhibits its expression by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Finally, we found that overexpression of miR-3174 in bladder cancer cells inhibited the proliferation of cells due to the inhibition of ADAM15. Conclusion In the present work, the data highlight that miR-3174 inhibits the proliferation of bladder cancer cells by targeting ADAM15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhu Yu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Kefu Sha
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxia Song
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- The Third District of Airforce Special Service Sanatorium, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 9 (ADAM9) in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Their Role as a Biomarker During Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030745. [PMID: 32245188 PMCID: PMC7140088 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapeutics sorafenib and regorafenib inhibit shedding of MHC class I-related chain A (MICA) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by suppressing a disintegrin and metalloprotease 9 (ADAM9). MICA is a ligand for natural killer (NK) group 2 member D (NKG2D) and is expressed on tumor cells to elicit attack by NK cells. This study measured ADAM9 mRNA levels in blood samples of advanced HCC patients (n = 10). In newly diagnosed patients (n = 5), the plasma ADAM9 mRNA level was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (3.001 versus 1.00, p < 0.05). Among four patients treated with nivolumab therapy, two patients with clinical response to nivolumab showed significant decreases in fold changes of serum ADAM9 mRNA level from 573.98 to 262.58 and from 323.88 to 85.52 (p < 0.05); however, two patients with no response to nivolumab did not. Using the Cancer Genome Atlas database, we found that higher expression of ADAM9 in tumor tissues was associated with poorer survival of HCC patients (log-rank p = 0.00039), while ADAM10 and ADAM17 exhibited no such association. In addition, ADAM9 expression showed a positive correlation with the expression of inhibitory checkpoint molecules. This study, though small in sample size, clearly suggested that ADAM9 mRNA might serve as biomarker predicting clinical response and that the ADAM9-MICA-NKG2D system can be a good therapeutic target for HCC immunotherapy. Future studies are warranted to validate these findings.
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Yang H, Xuefeng Y, Jianhua X. Systematic review of the roles of interleukins in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 506:33-43. [PMID: 32142718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high morbidity and mortality that is often accompanied by immune system disorders and local lymphocyte infiltration. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, cancer cells, stromal cells, and the numerous cytokines they produce, such as chemokines, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, and interleukins, collectively constitute the tumor microenvironment. As a main type of immune effector, interleukin plays opposing roles in regulating tumor cell progression, adhesion, and migration according to its different subtypes. Many reports have concentrated on the roles that interleukins play in HCC, but understanding them systematically remains challenging. This study reviewed the current data to comprehensively summarize the relationships between HCC progression and human interleukin gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Yang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, China
| | - Yang Xuefeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421002, China
| | - Xiao Jianhua
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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Mitschke J, Burk UC, Reinheckel T. The role of proteases in epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transitions in cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:431-444. [PMID: 31482486 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changing the characteristics of cells from epithelial states to mesenchymal properties is a key process involved in developmental and physiological processes as well as in many diseases with cancer as the most prominent example. Nowadays, a great deal of work and literature concerns the understanding of the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in terms of its molecular regulation and its implications for cancer. Similar statements can certainly be made regarding the investigation of the more than 500 proteases typically encoded by a mammalian genome. Specifically, the impact of proteases on tumor biology has been a long-standing topic of interest. However, although EMT actively regulates expression of many proteases and proteolytic enzymes are clearly involved in survival, division, differentiation, and movements of cells, information on the diverse roles of proteases in EMT has been rarely compiled. Here we aim to conceptually connect the scientific areas of "EMT" and "protease" research by describing how several important classes of proteolytic enzymes are regulated by EMT and how they are involved in initiation and execution of the EMT program. To do so, we briefly introduce the evolving key features of EMT and its regulation followed by discussion of protease involvement in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Mitschke
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike C Burk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, partner site Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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Role of ADAM9 and miR-126 in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerosis 2020; 297:47-54. [PMID: 32078829 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease when aortic rupture occurs, especially for elders. There is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms of AAA formation and development at molecular level. Our previous study showed that disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) played an important role in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of another ADAM protein (ADMA9) in AAA formation. METHOD AND RESULTS Using AngII treated human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and human aortic endothelial cells (hAoECs) as in vitro AAA model and murine AAA model, ADAM9 was overexpressed suggesting that ADAM9 may play important roles in AAA formation. Further investigation showed that ADAM9 induced inflammation leading to increased macrophage infiltration. ADAM9 was also found to induce cell apoptosis. AKT/NF-κB pathway was activated in murine AAA. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the 3' UTR of ADMA9 was a potential target of miR-126. We investigated the potential of using miR-126 to modulate ADAM9 expression. The expression level of miR-126 was decreased and inversely correlated with the expression of ADAM9 in the in vitro AAA model. Further investigation showed that miR-126 negatively regulated gene expression of ADAM9 and suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines. miR-126 was also found to improve cell survival and significantly reduce AAA formation in murine AAA. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed a link between ADAM9 and AAA formation, providing an approach to control AAA development using miR-126, possibly through modulation of the expression level of ADAM9.
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Wu Y, Lin L, Wang X, Li Y, Liu Z, Ye W, Huang W, Lin G, Liu H, Zhang J, Li T, Zhao B, Lv L, Li J, Wang N, Liu X. Overexpression of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through c-Jun-NH2-Terminal Kinase/Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1512. [PMID: 31969824 PMCID: PMC6960180 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is a transcription factor and plays a vital role in cancer initiation and development. However, the role of Krüppel-like factor 4 in the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not clear. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 was significantly decreased in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues compared with that in normal tissues using Western blot. We performed immunohistochemical staining and observed the decreased expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 in human lung cancer tissues, and metastatic tumor tissues located in the trachea and main bronchus. We also found that the E-cadherin expression was decreased, while vimentin expression was increased in human NSCLC tissues and metastatic tumor tissues located in the trachea and main bronchus. Additionally, enforced expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 in mouse lungs significantly inhibited the metastasis of circulating Lewis lung carcinoma cells to the lungs by attenuating mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Furthermore, cell scratch assays and Matrigel invasion assays revealed that overexpression of Krüppel-like factor 4 inhibited the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549, H1299, H226, and H1650 cells. Moreover, overexpression of Krüppel-like factor 4 attenuated TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549, and inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), an important pathway in metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Our in vivo and in vitro findings illustrate that Krüppel-like factor 4 inhibited metastasis and migration of non-small cell lung cancer, and indicate that Krüppel-like factor 4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lianjun Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Interventional Pulmonary Disease, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Weiming Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jixin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Beilei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Lv
- Department of Interventional Pulmonary Disease, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nanping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Guo T, Yuan D, Lin M, Zhu D, Xu N, Wang J. Aberrant expression of ADAM9 in ovarian cancer and its clinical significance. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23136. [PMID: 31793719 PMCID: PMC7171348 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The oncogene a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 9 (ADAM9) was up‐regulated in ovarian cancer tissues, and the present study aims to explore the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of ADAM9 in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods A total of 30 paired fresh OC tumor tissues and the paired‐adjacent normal tissue, and 90 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) OC samples and adjacent normal tissue were collected. The expression of OC in FFPE samples was examined by immunohistochemical methods, and the mRNA expression of ADAM9 in fresh tumor samples was examined by RT‐qPCR methods. Receiver operating characteristics curve was drawn to analyze the potential diagnostic value of ADAM9. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was performed to compare the overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of the ADAM9 positive and negative OC patients. Results The positive rate of ADAM9 in FFPE OC tumor tissue was markedly higher than in the non‐tumorous tissue (61/90 vs 47/90), and increased expression level of ADAM9 may associate with higher histological grade, advanced Figo stage and increased risk of metastasis; moreover, the mRNA expression of ADAM9 was also increased in OC tissue compared with the normal tissue (P < .001), and results of ROC analysis suggested that ADAM9 is a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of OC( AUC 0.8389, 95% confidence interval 0.7333 to 0.9445); finally, increased expression of ADAM9 may indicate decreased OS (P = .004) and DFS (P = .014) of the patients. Conclusion A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 9 was up‐regulated in OC, and ADAM9 may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for the diagnosis and treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
| | - Donglan Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Taizhou, China
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Dou C, Xu Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Yao W, Jiang K, Cheng J, Zhang C, Tu K. SHMT1 inhibits the metastasis of HCC by repressing NOX1-mediated ROS production. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1067-5 pmid:307552432019-02-12]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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30
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Decreased IL-6 induces sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to sorafenib. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mechanisms of Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer and Metastatic Organotropism: Hematogenous versus Peritoneal Spread. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7407190. [PMID: 31641356 PMCID: PMC6770301 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7407190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The most common sites of metastasis are the liver and the peritoneum. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is often considered the end stage of the disease after the tumor has spread to the liver. However, almost half of CRC patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis do not present with liver metastasis. This brings up the question of whether peritoneal spread can still be considered as the end stage of a metastasized CRC or whether it should just be interpreted as a site of metastasis alternative to the liver. This review tries to discuss this question and summarize the current status of literature on potential characteristics in tumor biology in the primary tumor, i.e., factors (transcription factors and direct and indirect E-cadherin repressors) and pathways (WNT, TGF-β, and RAS) modulating EMT, regulation of EMT on a posttranscriptional and posttranslational level (miRNAs), and angiogenesis. In addition to tumor-specific characteristics, factors in the tumor microenvironment, immunological markers, ways of transport of tumor cells, and adhesion molecules appear to differ between hematogenous and peritoneal spread. Factors such as integrins and exosomal integrins, cancer stem cell phenotype, and miRNA expression appear to contribute in determining the metastatic route. We went through each step of the metastasis process comparing hematogenous to peritoneal spread. We identified differences with respect to organotropism, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and inflammation, and tumor microenvironment which will be further elucidated in this review. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and contributing factors of metastasis development in CRC has huge relevance as it is the foundation to help find specific targets for treatment of CRC.
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Meng H, Wu J, Huang Q, Yang X, Yang K, Qiu Y, Ren J, Shen R, Qi H. NEDD9 promotes invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 via JNK/EMT. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4022-4029. [PMID: 31516604 PMCID: PMC6732989 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally-downregulated 9 (NEDD9) is a multi-domain skeleton protein that serves an important role in the cell signaling process via modulating invasion, metastasis, proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. The present study identified that the expression levels of NEDD9 in colorectal cancer were elevated. Therefore, the effect of downregulating the expression of NEDD9 in terms of invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells was investigated and the role of the JNK pathway in these processes was also investigated. The data revealed that downregulation of NEDD9 and JNK inhibitors suppressed invasion and migration, decreased expression levels of phosphorylated JNK, increased the expression levels of E-cadherin and decreased the expression levels of vimentin. In summary, NEDD9 promotes invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells via the JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Meng
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Junyu Wu
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of The People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Huang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Kunao Yang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Yuexin Qiu
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Jiwen Ren
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Ruowu Shen
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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Wu JR, You RI, Hu CT, Cheng CC, Rudy R, Wu WS. Hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5 sustains NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species-c-jun N-terminal kinase signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:40. [PMID: 31387985 PMCID: PMC6684519 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Target therapy aiming at critical molecules within the metastatic signal pathways is essential for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Hic-5 (hydrogen peroxide inducible clone-5) which belongs to the paxillin superfamily, can be stimulated by a lot of metastatic factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF-β), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous studies implicated Hic-5 cross-talks with the ROS-c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal cascade in a positive feedback manner. In this report, we addressed this issue in a comprehensive manner. By RNA interference and ectopic Hic-5 expression, we demonstrated Hic-5 was essential for activation of NADPH oxidase and ROS generation leading to activation of downstream JNK and c-jun transcription factor. This was initiated by interaction of Hic-5 with the regulator and adaptor of NADPH oxidase, Rac1 and Traf4, respectively, which may further phosphorylate the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2 at Tyr881. On the other hand, promoter activity assay coupled with deletion mapping and site directed mutagenesis strategies demonstrated the distal c-jun and AP4 putative binding regions (943–1126 bp upstream of translational start site) were required for transcriptional activation of Hic-5. Thus Hic-5 was both downstream and upstream of NADPH oxidase-ROS-JNK-c-jun cascade. This signal circuit was essential for regulating the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors, such as Snail, Zeb1, E-cadherin, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, involved in HCC cell migration and metastasis. Due to the limited expression of Hic-5 in normal tissue, it can be a promising therapeutic target for preventing HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ru Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ren-In You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Research Centre for Hepatology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chu Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Rudy Rudy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Ferritinophagic Flux Activation in CT26 Cells Contributed to EMT Inhibition Induced by a Novel Iron Chelator, DpdtpA. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8753413. [PMID: 31320987 PMCID: PMC6610730 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8753413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to metastasis and drug resistance; inhibition of EMT may attenuate metastasis and drug resistance. It has been demonstrated that ferritinophagy involves the process of many diseases; however, the relationship between EMT and ferritinophagy was not fully established. Some iron chelators show the ability to inhibit EMT, but whether ferritinophagy plays a role in EMT is largely unknown. To this end, we investigated the effect of a novel iron chelator, DpdtpA (2,2 ′-di-pyridylketone dithiocarbamate propionic acid), on EMT in the CT26 cell line. The DpdtpA displayed excellent antitumor (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.2 μM), leading to ROS production and apoptosis occurrence. Moreover, the ROS production correlated with ferritin degradation. The upregulation of LC3-II and NCOA4 from immunofluorescence and Western blotting analysis revealed that the occurrence of ferritinophagy contributed to ROS production. Furthermore, DpdtpA could induce an alteration both in morphology and in epithelial-mesenchymal markers, displaying significant EMT inhibition. The correlation analysis revealed that DpdtpA-induced ferritinophagy contributed to the EMT inhibition, implying that NCOA4 involved EMT process, which was firstly reported. To reinforce this concept, the ferritinophagic flux (NCOA4/ferritin) in either treated by TGF-β1 or combined with DpdtpA was determined. The results indicated that activating ferritinophagic flux would enhance ROS production which accordingly suppressed EMT or implementing the EMT suppression seemed to be through “fighting fire with fire” strategy. Taken together, our data demonstrated that ferritinophagic flux was a dominating driving force in EMT proceeding, and the new finding definitely will enrich our knowledge of ferritinophagy in EMT process.
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Dou C, Xu Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Yao W, Jiang K, Cheng J, Zhang C, Tu K. SHMT1 inhibits the metastasis of HCC by repressing NOX1-mediated ROS production. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:70. [PMID: 30755243 PMCID: PMC6373090 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most major type of primary hepatic cancer. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (SHMT1) is recently found to play critical roles in human cancers including lung cancer, ovarian cancer and intestinal cancer. However, the expression, function and the underlying mechanisms of SHMT1 in HCC remain uncovered. Methods qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were performed to detect the expression of SHMT1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. HCC cell migration and invasion were determined by Boyden chamber and Transwell assay in vitro, and tumor metastasis was assessed via lung metastasis model in mice. The expression of key factors involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process was evaluated by western blotting. Results In this study, data mining of public databases and analysis of clinical specimens demonstrated that SHMT1 expression was decreased in HCC. Reduced SHMT1 level was correlated with unfavorable clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that SHMT1 overexpression inhibited the migration and invasion of HCCLM3 cells while SHMT1 knockdown enhanced the metastatic ability of Hep3B cells. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blotting showed that SHMT1 inhibited EMT and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) expression. In vivo experiments showed that SHMT1 suppressed the lung metastasis of HCC cells in mice. Mechanistically, SHMT1 knockdown enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and thus promoted the motility, EMT and MMP2 expression in Hep3B cells. Furthermore, NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) was identified to be the downstream target of SHMT1 in HCC. NOX1 expression was negatively correlated with SHMT1 expression in HCC. Rescue experiments revealed that NOX1 mediated the functional influence of SHMT1 on HCC cells. Conclusions These data indicate that SHMT1 inhibits the metastasis of HCC by repressing NOX1 mediated ROS production. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1067-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Dou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery & Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Oncogenic Metabolism Acts as a Prerequisite Step for Induction of Cancer Metastasis and Cancer Stem Cell Phenotype. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1027453. [PMID: 30671168 PMCID: PMC6323533 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1027453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a major obstacle to the efficient and successful treatment of cancer. Initiation of metastasis requires epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that is regulated by several transcription factors, including Snail and ZEB1/2. EMT is closely linked to the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and chemoresistance, which contribute to tumor malignancy. Tumor suppressor p53 inhibits EMT and metastasis by negatively regulating several EMT-inducing transcription factors and regulatory molecules; thus, its inhibition is crucial in EMT, invasion, metastasis, and stemness. Metabolic alterations are another hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells are more dependent on glycolysis than on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for their energy production, even in the presence of oxygen. Cancer cells enhance other oncogenic metabolic pathways, such as glutamine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer is regulated by the activation of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressors that contribute to tumor progression. Oncogenic metabolism has been recently linked closely with the induction of EMT or CSC phenotypes by the induction of several metabolic enzyme genes. In addition, several transcription factors and molecules involved in EMT or CSCs, including Snail, Dlx-2, HIF-1α, STAT3, TGF-β, Wnt, and Akt, regulate oncogenic metabolism. Moreover, p53 induces metabolic change by directly regulating several metabolic enzymes. The collective data indicate the importance of oncogenic metabolism in the regulation of EMT, cell invasion and metastasis, and adoption of the CSC phenotype, which all contribute to malignant transformation and tumor development. In this review, we highlight the oncogenic metabolism as a key regulator of EMT and CSC, which is related with tumor progression involving metastasis and chemoresistance. Targeting oncometabolism might be a promising strategy for the development of effective anticancer therapy.
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Liu P, Chen B, Gu Y, Liu Q. PNMA1, regulated by miR-33a-5p, promotes proliferation and EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:492-499. [PMID: 30243081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors throughout the world. However, its mortality rate remains very high due to the absence of early diagnostic modalities and effective treatments, and its specific pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of PNMA1 in the tumorigenesis of HCC. We found that PNMA1 was significantly upregulated in HCC. Clinically, higher expression of PNMA1 was associated with aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis. Functionally, silencing of PNMA1 repressed proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and knockdown of PNMA1 suppressed tumor cell migration and invasion. Via GSEA analysis, we predicted that PNAM1 may be related to the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and the Wnt signaling pathway. Both these assumptions were confirmed in our study. Furthermore, we proved that miR-33a-5p participated in the posttranscriptional regulation of PNMA1. Together, our findings suggested that PNMA1 participated in HCC progression and may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Baiyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Quanyan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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