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Wei S, Lu C, Mo S, Huang H, Chen M, Li S, Kong L, Zhang H, Hoa PTT, Han C, Luo X. Silencing of KIF2C enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to cisplatin through regulating the PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2024; 35:237-250. [PMID: 38170762 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the treatment of unresectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cisplatin is administered transhepatic arterially for local treatment, but the clinical application of cisplatin drugs is frequently hindered by the emergence of drug resistance. Kinesin family member 2C( KIF2C ) has been shown as oncogene in a variety of tumors. Nevertheless, its effect on cisplatin sensitivity has yet to be ascertained. Herein, we aim to investigate the impact of the KIF2C gene on cisplatin sensitivity within HCC and the plausible underlying molecular mechanism. We examined the expression level of the KIF2C gene in HCC cells by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR and Western blot analysis, and analyzed bioinformatically by The Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The KIF2C gene was silenced using the small interfering RNA technology, and its effect on cisplatin drug sensitivity in HCC cells was evaluated by flow cytometry, cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion assays. Our results indicated that KIF2C was highly expressed in HCC cells. KIF2C silencing inhibits HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, promotes apoptosis, and keeps the cell cycle in G2 phase. In addition, KIF2C silencing enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin. KIF2C silencing down-regulates the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) proteins. In conclusion, KIF2C silencing amplifies the sensitivity of HCC cells to cisplatin by regulating the PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling pathway. Consequently, targeting KIF2C shows great application potential as a strategy for enhancing the effectiveness of HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Chunmiao Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Shutian Mo
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Hailian Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Meifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
| | - Shuai Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Luping Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Pham Thi Thai Hoa
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer
| | - Chuangye Han
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Puvogel S, Alsema A, North HF, Webster MJ, Weickert CS, Eggen BJL. Single-Nucleus RNA-Seq Characterizes the Cell Types Along the Neuronal Lineage in the Adult Human Subependymal Zone and Reveals Reduced Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Abundance with Age. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0246-23.2024. [PMID: 38351133 PMCID: PMC10913050 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0246-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The subependymal zone (SEZ), also known as the subventricular zone (SVZ), constitutes a neurogenic niche that persists during postnatal life. In humans, the neurogenic potential of the SEZ declines after the first year of life. However, studies discovering markers of stem and progenitor cells highlight the neurogenic capacity of progenitors in the adult human SEZ, with increased neurogenic activity occurring under pathological conditions. In the present study, the complete cellular niche of the adult human SEZ was characterized by single-nucleus RNA sequencing, and compared between four youth (age 16-22) and four middle-aged adults (age 44-53). We identified 11 cellular clusters including clusters expressing marker genes for neural stem cells (NSCs), neuroblasts, immature neurons, and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. The relative abundance of NSC and neuroblast clusters did not differ between the two age groups, indicating that the pool of SEZ NSCs does not decline in this age range. The relative abundance of oligodendrocyte progenitors and microglia decreased in middle-age, indicating that the cellular composition of human SEZ is remodeled between youth and adulthood. The expression of genes related to nervous system development was higher across different cell types, including NSCs, in youth as compared with middle-age. These transcriptional changes suggest ongoing central nervous system plasticity in the SEZ in youth, which declined in middle-age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Puvogel
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 AD, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Alsema
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 AD, The Netherlands
| | - Hayley F North
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Maree J Webster
- Laboratory of Brain Research, Stanley Medical Research Institute, Rockville 20850, Maryland
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13201
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Section Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 AD, The Netherlands
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Woo BJ, Moussavi-Baygi R, Karner H, Karimzadeh M, Garcia K, Joshi T, Yin K, Navickas A, Gilbert LA, Wang B, Asgharian H, Feng FY, Goodarzi H. Integrative identification of non-coding regulatory regions driving metastatic prostate cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.14.535921. [PMID: 37398273 PMCID: PMC10312451 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.14.535921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale sequencing efforts of thousands of tumor samples have been undertaken to understand the mutational landscape of the coding genome. However, the vast majority of germline and somatic variants occur within non-coding portions of the genome. These genomic regions do not directly encode for specific proteins, but can play key roles in cancer progression, for example by driving aberrant gene expression control. Here, we designed an integrative computational and experimental framework to identify recurrently mutated non-coding regulatory regions that drive tumor progression. Application of this approach to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from a large cohort of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) revealed a large set of recurrently mutated regions. We used (i) in silico prioritization of functional non-coding mutations, (ii) massively parallel reporter assays, and (iii) in vivo CRISPR-interference (CRISPRi) screens in xenografted mice to systematically identify and validate driver regulatory regions that drive mCRPC. We discovered that one of these enhancer regions, GH22I030351, acts on a bidirectional promoter to simultaneously modulate expression of U2-associated splicing factor SF3A1 and chromosomal protein CCDC157. We found that both SF3A1 and CCDC157 are promoters of tumor growth in xenograft models of prostate cancer. We nominated a number of transcription factors, including SOX6, to be responsible for higher expression of SF3A1 and CCDC157. Collectively, we have established and confirmed an integrative computational and experimental approach that enables the systematic detection of non-coding regulatory regions that drive the progression of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Woo
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ruhollah Moussavi-Baygi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Heather Karner
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mehran Karimzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto 94305, USA
| | - Kristle Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tanvi Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Keyi Yin
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Albertas Navickas
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Luke A. Gilbert
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Arc Institute, Palo Alto 94305, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hosseinali Asgharian
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, US
| | - Felix Y. Feng
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, US
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Zhang D, Pan G, Cheng N, Sun L, Zhou X, Li C, Zhao J. JUND facilitates proliferation and angiogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell via MAPRE2 up-regulation. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102010. [PMID: 36608637 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a globally aggressive malignant tumor. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of JUND in ESCC development via MAPRE2. METHODS ESCC cells (KYSE-450 and ECA109) were transfected with small interfering RNA (si)-JUND, si-MAPRE2, si-JUND, or pcDNA3.1-MAPRE2. JUND and MAPRE2 expression in ESCC cells was detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were used to determine ESCC cell proliferation. Dual-luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to assess binding between JUND and MAPRE2. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured with ESCC cell supernatants. Angiogenesis was assessed with an in vitro angiogenesis assay. Western blot was conducted to evaluate the expression of angiogenic proteins [vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and angiopoietin-2 (ang2)]. RESULTS The levels of expression of JUND and MAPRE2 were high in ESCC cells. Mechanistically, JUND bound to MAPRE2 promoter and increased MAPRE2 transcription. Downregulation of JUND or MAPRE2 inhibited KYSE-450 and ECA109 cell proliferation and reduced the levels of expression of VEGFA, MMP-9, and ang2 and tube formation in HUVECs co-cultured with ESCC cell supernatants. MAPRE2 upregulation counteracted the inhibitory effects of JUND silencing on cell proliferative and angiogenic capabilities in ESCC. CONCLUSIONS JUND promoted MAPRE2 transcription, thereby facilitating cell proliferative and angiogenic abilities in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Gaofeng Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Nitao Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Linao Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Changsheng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Jinping Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
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Xie LY, Huang HY, Hao YL, Yu M, Zhang W, Wei E, Gao C, Wang C, Zeng L. Development and validation of a tumor immune cell infiltration-related gene signature for recurrence prediction by weighted gene co-expression network analysis in prostate cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1067172. [PMID: 37007952 PMCID: PMC10061146 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1067172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy in men. Despite multidisciplinary treatments, patients with PCa continue to experience poor prognoses and high rates of tumor recurrence. Recent studies have shown that tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) are associated with PCa tumorigenesis.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were used to derive multi-omics data for prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) samples. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the landscape of TIICs. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to determine the candidate module most significantly associated with TIICs. LASSO Cox regression was applied to screen a minimal set of genes and construct a TIIC-related prognostic gene signature for PCa. Then, 78 PCa samples with CIBERSORT output p-values of less than 0.05 were selected for analysis. WGCNA identified 13 modules, and the MEblue module with the most significant enrichment result was selected. A total of 1143 candidate genes were cross-examined between the MEblue module and active dendritic cell-related genes.Results: According to LASSO Cox regression analysis, a risk model was constructed with six genes (STX4, UBE2S, EMC6, EMD, NUCB1 and GCAT), which exhibited strong correlations with clinicopathological variables, tumor microenvironment context, antitumor therapies, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in TCGA-PRAD. Further validation showed that the UBE2S had the highest expression level among the six genes in five different PCa cell lines.Discussion: In conclusion, our risk-score model contributes to better predicting PCa patient prognosis and understanding the underlying mechanisms of immune responses and antitumor therapies in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ying Xie
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Han-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Lei Hao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Enwei Wei
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunfeng Gao
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Wang, ; Lei Zeng,
| | - Lei Zeng
- Bethune Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jillin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Wang, ; Lei Zeng,
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miRNAs Copy Number Variations Repertoire as Hallmark Indicator of Cancer Species Predisposition. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061046. [PMID: 35741808 PMCID: PMC9223155 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the hallmarks of multiple human diseases, including cancer. We hypothesized that variations in the number of copies (CNVs) of specific genes may protect some long-living organisms theoretically more susceptible to tumorigenesis from the onset of cancer. Based on the statistical comparison of gene copy numbers within the genomes of both cancer-prone and -resistant species, we identified novel gene targets linked to tumor predisposition, such as CD52, SAT1 and SUMO. Moreover, considering their genome-wide copy number landscape, we discovered that microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most significant gene families enriched for cancer progression and predisposition. Through bioinformatics analyses, we identified several alterations in miRNAs copy number patterns, involving miR-221, miR-222, miR-21, miR-372, miR-30b, miR-30d and miR-31, among others. Therefore, our analyses provide the first evidence that an altered miRNAs copy number signature can statistically discriminate species more susceptible to cancer from those that are tumor resistant, paving the way for further investigations.
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CRPC Membrane-Camouflaged, Biomimetic Nanosystem for Overcoming Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Cellular Vehicle-Aided Tumor Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073623. [PMID: 35408983 PMCID: PMC8998744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary system. Nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) have been widely applied in drug delivery for tumor therapy; however, nanotherapeutics encounter various biological barriers that prevent successful accumulation of drugs, specifically at diseased sites. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a CRPC-targeting nanocomposite with fine biocompatibility for penetrating various biological barriers, delivering sufficient drugs to the targeting site and improving therapeutic efficiency. In this work, CRPC cell membranes were firstly adapted as biomimetic vectors for the encapsulating PEG-PLGA polymer containing the chemotherapy drug docetaxel (DTX). The CRPC membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles can easily escape early recognition by the immune system, penetrate the extracellular barrier, and evade clearance by the circulatory system. In addition to the characteristics of traditional nanoparticles, the CRPC cell membrane contains an arsenal of highly specific homotypic moieties that can be used to recognize the same cancer cell types and increase the targeted drug delivery of DTX. In vivo fluorescence and radionuclide dual-model imaging were fulfilled by decorating the biomimetic nanosystem with near-infrared dye and isotope, which validated the homotypic targeting property offered by the CRPC cell membrane coating. Importantly, remarkably improved therapeutic efficacy was achieved in a mice model bearing CRPC tumors. This homologous cell membrane enabled an efficient drug delivery strategy and enlightened a new pathway for the clinical application of tumor chemotherapy drugs in the future.
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Yildirim-Buharalioglu G. KDM6B Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation by Controlling c-MYC Expression. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 101:106-119. [PMID: 34862309 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A) and 6B (KDM6B) has been reported in prostate cancer (PCa). However, the mechanism underlying the specific role of KDM6A/B in PCa is still fragmentary. Here, we report novel KDM6A/B downstream targets involved in controlling PCa cell proliferation. KDM6A and KDM6B mRNAs were higher in LNCaP but not in PC3 and DU145 cells. Higher KDM6A mRNA was confirmed at the protein level. A metastasis associated gene focussed oligonucleotide array was performed to identify KDM6A/B dependent genes in LNCaP cells treated with a KDM6 family selective inhibitor, GSK-J4. This identified 5 genes (c-MYC, NF2, CTBP1, EPHB2, PLAUR) that were decreased more than 50 % by GSK-J4 and c-MYC was the most downregulated gene. Array data was validated by quantitative RT-PCR, which detected a reduction in c-MYC steady state mRNA and pre-spliced mRNA, indicative of transcriptional repression of c-MYC gene expression. Furthermore, c-MYC protein was also decreased by GSK-J4. Importantly, GSK-J4 reduced mRNA and protein levels of c-MYC target gene, CyclinD1 (CCND1). Silencing of KDM6A/B with siRNA confirmed that expression of both c-MYC and CCND1 are dependent on KDM6B. Phosphorylated Retinoblastoma (pRb), a marker of G1 to S-phase transition, was decreased by GSK-J4 and KDM6B silencing. GSK-J4 treatment resulted decrease in cell proliferation and cell number, detected by MTS assay and conventional cell counting, respectively. Consequently, we conclude that KDM6B controlling c-MYC, CCND1 and pRb contribute regulation of PCa cell proliferation, which represents KDM6B as a promising epigenetic target for the treatment of advanced PCa. Significance Statement Lysine demethylase 6A (KDM6A) and 6B (KDM6B) were upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we reported novel KDM6A/B downstream targets involved in controlling PCa cell proliferation. Amongst 84 metastasis associated genes, c-MYC was the most inhibited gene by KDM6 family inhibitor, GSK-J4. This was accompanied by decreased c-MYC target gene, CCND1 and pRb, which were selectively dependent on KDM6B. GSK-J4 decreased proliferation and cell counting. Consequently, we conclude that KDM6B controlling c-MYC, CCND1 and pRb contribute regulation of PCa proliferation.
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Zhou H, Liu W, Zhou Y, Hong Z, Ni J, Zhang X, Li Z, Li M, He W, Zhang D, Chen X, Zhu J. Therapeutic inhibition of GAS6-AS1/YBX1/MYC axis suppresses cell propagation and disease progression of acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:353. [PMID: 34753494 PMCID: PMC8576903 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia in adults. Its therapy has not significantly improved during the past four decades despite intense research efforts. New molecularly targeted therapies are in great need. The proto-oncogene c-Myc (MYC) is an attractive target due to its transactivation role in multiple signaling cascades. Deregulation of the MYC is considered one of a series of oncogenic events required for tumorigenesis. However, limited knowledge is available on which mechanism underlie MYC dysregulation and how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in MYC dysregulation in AML. METHODS AML microarray chips and public datasets were screened to identify novel lncRNA GAS6-AS1 was dysregulated in AML. Gain or loss of functional leukemia cell models were produced, and in vitro and in vivo experiments were applied to demonstrate its leukemogenic phenotypes. Interactive network analyses were performed to define intrinsic mechanism. RESULTS We identified GAS6-AS1 was overexpressed in AML, and its aberrant function lead to more aggressive leukemia phenotypes and poorer survival outcomes. We revealed that GAS6-AS1 directly binds Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) to facilitate its interaction with MYC, leading to MYC transactivation and upregulation of IL1R1, RAB27B and other MYC target genes associated with leukemia progression. Further, lentiviral-based GAS6-AS1 silencing inhibited leukemia progression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a previously unappreciated role of GAS6-AS1 as an oncogenic lncRNA in AML progression and prognostic prediction. Importantly, we demonstrated that therapeutic targeting of the GAS6-AS1/YBX1/MYC axis inhibits AML cellular propagation and disease progression. Our insight in lncRNA associated MYC-driven leukemogenesis may contribute to develop new anti-leukemia treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yongming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Zhenya Hong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian Ni
- Department of Oncology Clinical Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ziping Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wenjuan He
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Donghua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xuexing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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10
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Bardhan A, Banerjee A, Basu K, Pal DK, Ghosh A. PRNCR1: a long non-coding RNA with a pivotal oncogenic role in cancer. Hum Genet 2021; 141:15-29. [PMID: 34727260 PMCID: PMC8561087 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been gaining importance in the field of cancer research in recent years. PRNCR1 (prostate cancer-associated non-coding RNA1) is a 12.7 kb, intron-less lncRNA found to play an oncogenic role in malignancy of diverse organs including prostate, breast, lung, oral cavity, colon and rectum. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PRNCR1 locus have been found to be associated with cancer susceptibility in different populations. In this review, an attempt has been made for the first time to summarize all sorts of available data on PRNCR1 to date from relevant databases (GeneCard, LncExpDB, Ensembl genome browser, and PubMed). As functional roles of PRNCR1, miRNA (microRNA) sponging was mostly highlighted in the pathogenesis of different cancer; in addition, an association of the lncRNA with chromatin-modifying complex to enhance androgen receptor-mediated gene transcription was reported in prostate cancer. Diagnostic and prognostic importance of PRNCR1 was found in some malignancies suggesting potency of the lncRNA to serve as a clinical biomarker. For PRNCR1 SNPs, although cancer susceptibility of the risk alleles/genotypes was reported in different populations, majorities of the findings were not replicated and underlying molecular mechanisms remained unexplored. Therapeutic implication of PRNCR1 was not studied well and future research may come up in this direction for intervening novel strategies to fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bardhan
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Anwesha Banerjee
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Keya Basu
- Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Amlan Ghosh
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India.
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11
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Luo Y, Vlaeminck-Guillem V, Baron S, Dallel S, Zhang CX, Le Romancer M. MEN1 silencing aggravates tumorigenic potential of AR-independent prostate cancer cells through nuclear translocation and activation of JunD and β-catenin. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:270. [PMID: 34446068 PMCID: PMC8393735 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies highlighted the increased frequency of AR-low or -negative prostate cancers (PCas) and the importance of AR-independent mechanisms in driving metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC) development and progression. Several previous studies have highlighted the involvement of the MEN1 gene in PCa. In the current study, we focused on its role specifically in AR-independent PCa cells. Methods Cell tumorigenic features were evaluated by proliferation assay, foci formation, colony formation in soft agar, wound healing assay and xenograft experiments in mice. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and immunostaining were performed to determine the expression of different factors in human PCa lines. Different ChIP-qPCR-based assays were carried out to dissect the action of JunD and β-catenin. Results We found that MEN1 silencing in AR-independent cell lines, DU145 and PC3, resulted in an increase in anchorage independence and cell migration, accompanied by sustained MYC expression. By searching for factors known to positively regulate MYC expression and play a relevant role in PCa development and progression, we uncovered that MEN1-KD triggered the nuclear translocation of JunD and β-catenin. ChIP and 3C analyses further demonstrated that MEN1-KD led to, on the one hand, augmented binding of JunD to the MYC 5′ enhancer and increased formation of loop structure, and on the other hand, increased binding of β-catenin to the MYC promoter. Moreover, the expression of several molecular markers of EMT, including E-cadherin, BMI1, Twist1 and HIF-1α, was altered in MEN1-KD DU145 and PC3 cells. In addition, analyses using cultured cells and PC3-GFP xenografts in mice demonstrated that JunD and β-catenin are necessary for the altered tumorigenic potential triggered by MEN1 inactivation in AR-independent PCa cells. Finally, we observed a significant negative clinical correlation between MEN1 and CTNNB1 mRNA expression in primary PCa and mCRPC datasets. Conclusions Our current work highlights an unrecognized oncosuppressive role for menin specifically in AR-independent PCa cells, through the activation of JunD and β-catenin pathways. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02058-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Luo
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France.,Centre de biologie Sud, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Silvère Baron
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sarah Dallel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, 28 Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Chang Xian Zhang
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France.
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, 69008, Lyon, France
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12
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Thompson-Elliott B, Johnson R, Khan SA. Alterations in TGFβ signaling during prostate cancer progression. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2021; 9:318-328. [PMID: 34541030 PMCID: PMC8446771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
During prostate cancer progression, TGF-β acts as both a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. TGF-β inhibits cell proliferation in normal and early-stage prostate cancer cells, but during later stages of the disease the cancer cells develop resistance to inhibitory effects on cell proliferation. In these cells, TGF-β promotes cancer progression due to its effects on epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration and invasion, and immune suppression. The intracellular mechanisms involved in the development of resistance to TGF-β effects on cell proliferation are largely unknown. In this review, we summarized the roles of several intracellular proteins including PTEN, Id1 and JunD, which may play a role in this transition. The role of Ski/SnoN proteins in inhibition of Smad2/3 signaling is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rarnice Johnson
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shafiq A Khan
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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13
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Qi W, Yan Q, Lv M, Song D, Wang X, Tian K. Prognostic Signature of Osteosarcoma Based on 14 Autophagy-Related Genes. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609782. [PMID: 34335109 PMCID: PMC8322075 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is a common malignancy of bone with inferior survival outcome. Autophagy can exert multifactorial influence on tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the specific function of genes related to autophagy in the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to explore the association of genes related to autophagy with the survival outcome of osteosarcoma patients. Methods: The autophagy-associated genes that were related to the prognosis of osteosarcoma were optimized by LASSO Cox regression analysis. The survival of osteosarcoma patients was forecasted by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The immune infiltration status of 22 immune cell types in osteosarcoma patients with high and low risk scores was compared by using the CIBERSORT tool. Results: The risk score model constructed according to 14 autophagy-related genes (ATG4A, BAK1, BNIP3, CALCOCO2, CCL2, DAPK1, EGFR, FAS, GRID2, ITGA3, MYC, RAB33B, USP10, and WIPI1) could effectively predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. A nomogram model was established based on risk score and metastasis. Conclusion: Autophagy-related genes were identified as pivotal prognostic signatures, which could guide the clinical decision making in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi
- Department of West Hospital Orthopaedic Trauma, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Department of Information Section, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Department of West Hospital Orthopaedic Trauma, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Delei Song
- Department of West Hospital Orthopaedic Trauma, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Xianbin Wang
- Department of Eastern Hospital Orthopaedic Trauma, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Kangsong Tian
- Department of West Hospital Orthopaedic Trauma, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
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14
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Ma X, Hu H. The Influence of Cell Cycle Regulation on Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6923. [PMID: 34203270 PMCID: PMC8267727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between proteins, enzymes, cytokines, and cell cycle signaling pathways, and is vital for cell proliferation, growth, and repair. The occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors are closely related to the cell cycle. Cell cycle regulation can be synergistic with chemotherapy in two aspects: inhibition or promotion. The sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs can be improved with the cooperation of cell cycle regulation strategies. This review presented the mechanism of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs and the effect of the cell cycle on tumorigenesis and development, and the interaction between chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation in cancer treatment was briefly introduced. The current collaborative strategies of chemotherapy and cell cycle regulation are discussed in detail. Finally, we outline the challenges and perspectives about the improvement of combination strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (Y.L.)
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15
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Zheng Y, Huang G, Silva TC, Yang Q, Jiang YY, Koeffler HP, Lin DC, Berman BP. A pan-cancer analysis of CpG Island gene regulation reveals extensive plasticity within Polycomb target genes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2485. [PMID: 33931649 PMCID: PMC8087678 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CpG Island promoter genes make up more than half of human genes, and a subset regulated by Polycomb-Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2+-CGI) become DNA hypermethylated and silenced in cancer. Here, we perform a systematic analysis of CGI genes across TCGA cancer types, finding that PRC2+-CGI genes are frequently prone to transcriptional upregulation as well. These upregulated PRC2+-CGI genes control important pathways such as Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and TNFα-associated inflammatory response, and have greater cancer-type specificity than other CGI genes. Using publicly available chromatin datasets and genetic perturbations, we show that transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) within distal enhancers underlie transcriptional activation of PRC2+-CGI genes, coinciding with loss of the PRC2-associated mark H3K27me3 at the linked promoter. In contrast, PRC2-free CGI genes are predominantly regulated by promoter TFBSs which are common to most cancer types. Surprisingly, a large subset of PRC2+-CGI genes that are upregulated in one cancer type are also hypermethylated/silenced in at least one other cancer type, underscoring the high degree of regulatory plasticity of these genes, likely derived from their complex regulatory control during normal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiago C Silva
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan-Yi Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Benjamin P Berman
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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16
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Núñez-Carpintero I, Petrizzelli M, Zinovyev A, Cirillo D, Valencia A. The multilayer community structure of medulloblastoma. iScience 2021; 24:102365. [PMID: 33889829 PMCID: PMC8050854 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multilayer networks allow interpreting the molecular basis of diseases, which is particularly challenging in rare diseases where the number of cases is small compared with the size of the associated multi-omics datasets. In this work, we develop a dimensionality reduction methodology to identify the minimal set of genes that characterize disease subgroups based on their persistent association in multilayer network communities. We use this approach to the study of medulloblastoma, a childhood brain tumor, using proteogenomic data. Our approach is able to recapitulate known medulloblastoma subgroups (accuracy >94%) and provide a clear characterization of gene associations, with the downstream implications for diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. We verified the general applicability of our method on an independent medulloblastoma dataset (accuracy >98%). This approach opens the door to a new generation of multilayer network-based methods able to overcome the specific dimensionality limitations of rare disease datasets. The molecular interpretation of rare diseases is a challenging task Multilayer networks allow patient stratification and explainability We identify subgroup-specific genes and multilayer associations in medulloblastoma Multilayer community analysis enables the molecular interpretation of rare diseases
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianyela Petrizzelli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, 75005 Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Andrei Zinovyev
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, 75005 Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, 75006 Paris, France
- Lobachevsky University, 603000 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Davide Cirillo
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), C/ Jordi Girona 29, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), C/ Jordi Girona 29, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Satu MS, Khan MI, Rahman MR, Howlader KC, Roy S, Roy SS, Quinn JMW, Moni MA. Diseasome and comorbidities complexities of SARS-CoV-2 infection with common malignant diseases. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:1415-1429. [PMID: 33539530 PMCID: PMC7929360 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing number of immunoinflammatory complexities, cancer patients have a higher risk of serious disease outcomes and mortality with SARS-CoV-2 infection which is still not clear. In this study, we aimed to identify infectome, diseasome and comorbidities between COVID-19 and cancer via comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to identify the synergistic severity of the cancer patient for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We utilized transcriptomic datasets of SARS-CoV-2 and different cancers from Gene Expression Omnibus and Array Express Database to develop a bioinformatics pipeline and software tools to analyze a large set of transcriptomic data and identify the pathobiological relationships between the disease conditions. Our bioinformatics approach revealed commonly dysregulated genes (MARCO, VCAN, ACTB, LGALS1, HMOX1, TIMP1, OAS2, GAPDH, MSH3, FN1, NPC2, JUND, CHI3L1, GPNMB, SYTL2, CASP1, S100A8, MYO10, IGFBP3, APCDD1, COL6A3, FABP5, PRDX3, CLEC1B, DDIT4, CXCL10 and CXCL8), common gene ontology (GO), molecular pathways between SARS-CoV-2 infections and cancers. This work also shows the synergistic complexities of SARS-CoV-2 infections for cancer patients through the gene set enrichment and semantic similarity. These results highlighted the immune systems, cell activation and cytokine production GO pathways that were observed in SARS-CoV-2 infections as well as breast, lungs, colon, kidney and thyroid cancers. This work also revealed ribosome biogenesis, wnt signaling pathway, ribosome, chemokine and cytokine pathways that are commonly deregulated in cancers and COVID-19. Thus, our bioinformatics approach and tools revealed interconnections in terms of significant genes, GO, pathways between SARS-CoV-2 infections and malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahriare Satu
- Department of Management Information Systems, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imran Khan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biomedical Science, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Koushik Chandra Howlader
- Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Shatabdi Roy
- Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Shuvo Saha Roy
- Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Healthy Ageing Theme, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Department of Management Information Systems, Noakhali Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Healthy Ageing Theme, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Fargesin Inhibits EGF-Induced Cell Transformation and Colon Cancer Cell Growth by Suppression of CDK2/Cyclin E Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042073. [PMID: 33669811 PMCID: PMC7922630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the lignan compound fargesin is a major ingredient in Shin-Yi, the roles of fargesin in carcinogenesis and cancer cell growth have not been elucidated. In this study, we observed that fargesin inhibited cell proliferation and transformation by suppression of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated G1/S-phase cell cycle transition in premalignant JB6 Cl41 and HaCaT cells. Unexpectedly, we found that signaling pathway analyses showed different regulation patterns in which fargesin inhibited phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling without an alteration of or increase in mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in JB6 Cl41 and HaCaT cells, while both signaling pathways were abrogated by fargesin treatment in colon cancer cells. We further found that fargesin-induced colony growth inhibition of colon cancer cells was mediated by suppression of the cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)/cyclin E signaling axis by upregulation of p21WAF1/Cip1, resulting in G1-phase cell cycle accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, the suppression of CDK2/cyclin E and induction of p21WAF1/Cip1 were correlated with Rb phosphorylation and c-Myc suppression. Taken together, we conclude that fargesin-mediated c-Myc suppression inhibits EGF-induced cell transformation and colon cancer cell colony growth by the suppression of retinoblastoma (Rb)-E2F and CDK/cyclin signaling pathways, which are mainly regulated by MAPK and PKB signaling pathways.
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Parida S, Siddharth S, Sharma D. Role of Omentin in Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020275. [PMID: 33450975 PMCID: PMC7828433 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Unlike other cancers, lung cancer risk is inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) with limited mechanistic understanding. Overweight and obese patients have been consistently found to respond better to therapy and show better survival. The adipose tissue—in addition to storing energy—secretes multiple unique cytokines or adipokines. Our in silico analysis reveals that a novel adipokine, omentin, is significantly and consistently downregulated in lung cancers compared to healthy lung tissue. Omentin was also found to be negatively correlated with important oncogenic transcription factors like ELK4, FOXA1 and FOXC1. Our study warrants further mechanistic studies on the role of omentin in lung cancers. Abstract Lung cancer remains the second-most-common cancer worldwide and is associated with the highest number of cancer-related mortality. While tobacco smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer, many other lifestyles and occupational factors significantly contribute. Obesity is a growing global health concern and contributes to ~30% cancer-related mortality, but unlike other lifestyle diseases, lung cancer is negatively associated with obesity. We meta-analyzed multiple case-control studies confirming increased survival and better outcomes in overweight and obese lung cancer patients. Tumor heterogeneity analysis showed significant enrichment of adipocytes and preadipocytes in normal lungs compared to lung cancers. Interestingly, one of the understudied adipokine, omentin, was significantly and consistently lower in lung neoplasms compared to normal lungs. Omentin has been examined in relation to osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic liver disease, psoriasis and some other cancers. Aberrant expression of omentin has been reported in solid tumors; however, little is known about its role in lung cancer. We found omentin to be consistently downregulated in lung cancers, and it exhibited a negative correlation with important transcription factors FOXA1, EN1, FOXC1 and ELK4. We, therefore, suggest that omentin may serve as a prognostic factor in lung cancer and explain the “obesity paradox” in lung cancer.
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20
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Yang H, Wang J, Zhang Z, Peng R, Lv D, Liu H, Sun Y. Sp1-Induced lncRNA Rmrp Promotes Mesangial Cell Proliferation and Fibrosis in Diabetic Nephropathy by Modulating the miR-1a-3p/JunD Pathway. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:690784. [PMID: 34512545 PMCID: PMC8429906 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.690784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulators in DN progression. However, the regulatory mechanisms of multiple lncRNAs in DN remain to be determined. Our aim was to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of lncRNA RNA component of mitochondrial RNAase P (Rmrp) in DN. Here, we observed that the expression of Rmrp was up-regulated in the kidney of db/db DN mice and high glucose induced glomerular mesangial cells (MC). More importantly, the abnormal transcription of Rmrp was induced by nuclear transcription factor Sp1, which promotes the proliferation and production of fibrotic markers in MC. Subsequently, we screened the miRNAs related to Rmrp and found that Rmrp and miR-1a-3p are co-localized at the subcellular level of MC, and Rmrp could directly binds to miR-1a-3p. Further mechanism research demonstrated that the elevated miR-1a-3p significantly attenuated the proliferation and fibrosis-promoting effects induced by up-regulation of Rmrp. At the same time, we also investigated that miR-1a-3p can directly bind to Jun D proto-oncogene (JunD), thereby regulating the protein level of JunD. Rmrp-induced proliferation and fibrogenesis were reversed by co-transfection with JunD siRNA. In summary, Sp1 induced lncRNA Rmrp could drive the expression of JunD via sponging miR-1a-3p in DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Bioinformatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Handeng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Sun,
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Involvement of the MEN1 Gene in Hormone-Related Cancers: Clues from Molecular Studies, Mouse Models, and Patient Investigations. ENDOCRINES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines1020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MEN1 mutation predisposes patients to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), a genetic syndrome associated with the predominant co-occurrence of endocrine tumors. Intriguingly, recent evidence has suggested that MEN1 could also be involved in the development of breast and prostate cancers, two major hormone-related cancers. The first clues as to its possible role arose from the identification of the physical and functional interactions between the menin protein, encoded by MEN1, and estrogen receptor α and androgen receptor. In parallel, our team observed that aged heterozygous Men1 mutant mice developed cancerous lesions in mammary glands of female and in the prostate of male mutant mice at low frequencies, in addition to endocrine tumors. Finally, observations made both in MEN1 patients and in sporadic breast and prostate cancers further confirmed the role played by menin in these two cancers. In this review, we present the currently available data concerning the complex and multifaceted involvement of MEN1 in these two types of hormone-dependent cancers.
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22
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Brennan A, Leech JT, Kad NM, Mason JM. Selective antagonism of cJun for cancer therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:184. [PMID: 32917236 PMCID: PMC7488417 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The activator protein-1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors modulate a diverse range of cellular signalling pathways into outputs which can be oncogenic or anti-oncogenic. The transcription of relevant genes is controlled by the cellular context, and in particular by the dimeric composition of AP-1. Here, we describe the evidence linking cJun in particular to a range of cancers. This includes correlative studies of protein levels in patient tumour samples and mechanistic understanding of the role of cJun in cancer cell models. This develops an understanding of cJun as a focal point of cancer-altered signalling which has the potential for therapeutic antagonism. Significant work has produced a range of small molecules and peptides which have been summarised here and categorised according to the binding surface they target within the cJun-DNA complex. We highlight the importance of selectively targeting a single AP-1 family member to antagonise known oncogenic function and avoid antagonism of anti-oncogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Brennan
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - James T Leech
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Neil M Kad
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Jody M Mason
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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23
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Shen F, Gan XX, Deng XY, Feng JH, Cai WS, Shen L, Xiao HQ, Xu B. MicroRNA-3690 promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by altering DKK3 expression in human thyroid cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:223. [PMID: 32968445 PMCID: PMC7500009 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the tumorigenesis of malignant types of cancer, and data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed that miR-3690 was upregulated in thyroid cancer (TC). The present study focused on the biological function and mechanism of miR-3690 in TC, demonstrating that miR-3690 expression was significantly elevated in TC cells and clinical tissues. Functional studies indicated that miR-3690 acted as an oncogene in TC by promoting cell proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle progression in association with the increased expression of cyclin E and c-myc. Mechanistically, prediction software indicated that Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) was a target of miR-3690, which was confirmed by the results of luciferase reporter assays and western blotting. DKK3 silencing abrogated the functions of miR-3690-in on TC cell proliferation. Collectively, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-3690 promoted TC cell proliferation and indicated miR-3690 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiong Gan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Yan Deng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Feng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Song Cai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Qing Xiao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
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24
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25
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Zhao D, Zhang H, Long J, Li M. LncRNA SNHG7 Functions as an Oncogene in Cervical Cancer by Sponging miR-485-5p to Modulate JUND Expression. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1677-1689. [PMID: 32161467 PMCID: PMC7049860 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s237802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG7 is involved in the development of multiple cancers. However, its role in cervical cancer (CC) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to explore the function of SNHG7 in CC progression and the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels of SNHG7 and miR-485-5p in CC tissues and cell lines were measured by qPCR. Functional experiments including CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, luciferases reporter assay and immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to explore the SNHG7/miR-485-5p/JUND pathway. Additionally, in vivo study was carried out by establishing tumor xenograft models. RESULTS We found that SNHG7 was markedly enhanced in CC tissues and cell lines, and associated with poor clinical characteristics. In vitro, knockdown of SNHG7 inhibited CC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as aggravated cell apoptosis. As to mechanism investigation, rescue experiments revealed that miR-485-5p inhibitor could partially reverse the effects on CC cells induced by SNHG7 knockdown. SNHG7 upregulated JUND expression via miR-485-5p. Moreover, tumor xenograft models were established to confirm the findings in vivo. CONCLUSION SNHG7 promoted CC progression through miR-485-5p/JUND axis. The SNHG7/miR-485-5p/JUND pathway might provide a novel therapeutic target for CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chongzuo People’s Hospital, Chongzuo, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxiong Long
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mujun Li
- Department of Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Li Q, Qin M, Li T, Gu Z, Tan Q, Huang P, Ren L. Rutin protects against pirarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by adjusting microRNA-125b-1-3p-mediated JunD signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 466:139-148. [PMID: 32016695 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03696-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pirarubicin (THP), an anthracycline drug, is widely used as a basic therapeutic agent for the treatment of carcinoma and lymphatic malignant tumor. However, it exerts irreversible cardiotoxicity in varying degrees. At present, dexrazoxane (DZR) is the only cardioprotective agent used to treat anthracycline drug-induced cardiotoxicity, but it may reduce the anticancer effect of anthracycline drugs, causing severe granulocytopenia and other adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to discover more effective and less toxic drugs for the treatment of THP-induced cardiotoxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of rutin (RUT) against THP-induced cardiomyocyte injury. An in vitro cardiomyocyte injury model of THP-treated murine immortalized cardiomyocytes (HL-1) was used in this study. The results showed that RUT markedly increased the viability of HL-1 cells through protection against THP-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Furthermore, RUT significantly inhibited myocardial oxidative insult by adjusting the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our data also indicated that RUT activated JunD signaling pathways, thereby affecting the expression levels of some apoptotic proteins by decreasing miR-125b-1-3p expression level. In addition, intracellular ROS level significantly increased in HL-1 cells treated with THP after miR-125b-1-3p mimic transfection, whereas the expression of JunD was downregulated and that of some apoptotic proteins was upregulated. However, this effect was markedly reversed by RUT. Therefore, we inferred that the protective effect of RUT on THP cardiotoxicity was achieved through regulation of the JunD gene by miR-125b-1-3p. This experiment revealed the protective effect of RUT on THP-induced cardiotoxicity at the non-coding RNA level and provided a theoretical foundation for the application of RUT as a protective agent against THP cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital to The Jinzhou Medical University, No. 5-2 Heping Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 120001, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Tengteng Li
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Zehui Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital to The Jinzhou Medical University, No. 5-2 Heping Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 120001, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 3-40 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 120001, China
| | - Qi Tan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital to The Jinzhou Medical University, No. 5-2 Heping Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 120001, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 3-40 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 120001, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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27
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Ishikawa C, Senba M, Mori N. Evaluation of artesunate for the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 872:172953. [PMID: 31996318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive disease caused by infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Successful treatment is limited by resistance to chemotherapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel effective strategies. Artesunate (ART), a widely used antimalarial compound, has been shown to exert cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to assess the anti-ATLL activities of ART and to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. Compared with uninfected T cells, HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines were sensitive to ART-induced cytotoxicity. ART caused cell cycle arrest at G1 and/or G2/M phases, which was associated with decreased expression of cyclin dependent kinase 1/2/4/6, cyclin B1/D2/E and c-Myc, and increased expression of p21. ART-induced apoptosis corresponded to activation of caspase-8/9/3; decreased expression of Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, myeloid cell leukemia-1, survivin, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1/2; and increased expression of Bak. ART increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and activation of the DNA damage marker γ-H2AX. Moreover, ART-induced cytotoxicity was partly reversed by treatment with a reactive oxygen species scavenger, iron chelator, and necroptosis or ferroptosis inhibitor, suggesting the involvement of caspase-dependent and -independent lethal pathways. These effects were correlated with inhibition of nuclear factor-κB and activator protein-1 signaling through dephosphorylation of IκBα, IκB kinase (IKK) α and IKKβ, and decreased expression of JunB and JunD. Importantly, intraperitoneal injection with ART lowered tumor burden in an ATLL murine model. These preclinical results provide a rationale for evaluating the efficacy of ART in patients with ATLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Transdisciplinary Research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Masachika Senba
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
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28
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Yao X, Hu W, Zhang J, Huang C, Zhao H, Yao X. Application of cAMP-dependent catalytic subunit β (PRKACB) Low Expression in Predicting Worse Overall Survival: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Colorectal Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:4841-4850. [PMID: 32626531 PMCID: PMC7330678 DOI: 10.7150/jca.46156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Low expressions of PRKACB are related to the occurrence of various human malignancies. However, the prognostic value of PRKACB expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remains controversial. In this analysis, PRKACB expression in CRC tumors was evaluated across the GEO, TCGA, and Oncomine databases, and a PRKACB survival analysis was performed based on the TCGA profile. We detected PRKACB in 7 GEO series (GSE110225, GSE32323, GSE44076, GSE9348, GSE41328, GSE21510, GSE68468) and TCGA spectra (all P <0.05). A meta-analysis performed in the Oncomine database revealed that PRKACB was significantly up-regulated in neoplastic tissues compared to normal tissues (all P <0.05). A Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that lower PRKACB expression in tumors was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) in patients with CRC (P <0.05). A subgroup analysis showed that low expression of PRKACB correlated with poor 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS (all P <0.05). Furthermore, in males (P = 0.0083), whites (P = 0.0463), and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma patients (P = 0.0108), the down-regulation of PRKACB expression was more significant for the OS prognostic value. Conclusion: PRKACB is down-regulated in tumors and associated with worsening OS in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Yao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixian Hu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibi Zhao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Yao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- ✉ Corresponding author: Xueqing Yao, MD, Ph.D., Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China;
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29
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Qiao H, Tan X, Lv DJ, Xing RW, Shu FP, Zhong CF, Li C, Zou YG, Mao XM. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetases 2 knockdown inhibits prostate cancer progression by suppressing cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis. J Cancer 2020; 11:1027-1037. [PMID: 31956349 PMCID: PMC6959080 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetases 2 (PRPS2) protein function as nucleotide synthesis enzyme that plays vital roles in cancer biology. However, the expression profile and function of PRPS2 in prostate cancer (PCa) remain to be identified. Here we investigated the expression of PRPS2 protein in human PCa and paired normal tissues by immunohistochemistry, meanwhile the regulatory effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice were evaluated in PCa cells with PRPS2 depletion. Moreover, the signaling pathways were also explored by western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. We found that PRPS2 was dramatically upregulated in prostate adenocarcinoma tissues in comparison with normal tissues, and that increased PRPS2 was linked intimately to advanced clinical stage and pT status. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of PRPS2 significantly suppressed cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, depletion of PRPS2 induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and elevated cell apoptosis. Silencing of PRPS2 resulted in the decreased expression of Bcl‑2 and cyclinD1 and increased levels of Bax, cleavage of caspases‑3, caspases‑9 and PARP. Furthermore, we also detected PRPS2 expression was significantly induced after DHT treatment, which implied the important role of PRPS2 in oncogenesis of PCa. Taken together, our findings elucidated that PRPS2 may be a potential novel candidate for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiao
- Nursing Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
| | - Dao-Jun Lv
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
| | - Rong-Wei Xing
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, 264200, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang-Peng Shu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
| | - Chuan-Fan Zhong
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
| | - Chun Li
- Nursing Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ya-Guang Zou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Mao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province China
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30
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PES1 promotes BET inhibitors resistance and cells proliferation through increasing c-Myc expression in pancreatic cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:463. [PMID: 31718704 PMCID: PMC6852745 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Overexpressed PES1 promotes carcinogenesis in various types of malignant tumors. However, the biological role and clinical significance of PES1 in pancreatic cancer are still unexplored. Methods The expression level of PES1 in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer patient samples was determined using Western Blotting analysis, RT-qPCR analysis, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tissue microarray, and the GEPIA web tool. MTS assay, colony formation assay, and xenograft tumor assay were used to evaluate the tumor growth ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Results We established that the expression of PES1 was abnormally increased in pancreatic cancer tissues and led to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. We also found that PES1 was responsible for promoting cell growth and contributed to bromodomain and cancer cell resistance to extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we showed that PES1 interacted with BRD4 to enhance c-Myc expression, which is the primary cause of cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Finally, CDK5 inhibitors were proven to destabilize PES1 and overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells. Conclusions We have shown that PES1 could be one of the promoting factors of tumor growth and a prognosis-related protein of pancreatic cancer. Targeting PES1 with CDK5 inhibitors might help overcome cancer cell resistance to BET inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells.
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31
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Fang R, Zhang B, Lu X, Jin X, Liu T. FASTKD2 promotes cancer cell progression through upregulating Myc expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2458-2466. [PMID: 31692063 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal cancers of the digestive system. Despite the development of novel therapeutic methods, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy, the incidence rate of PDAC is almost equal to the mortality rate with 5-year overall survival rate less than 5%. Kras mutation is found in 95% of patient with PDAC specimens, but targeting Kras mutation do not benefit patients with pancreatic cancer in preclinical trials. c-Myc is one of the main effector molecules of the Kras signaling pathway. In this study, we found that dysregulation of FAST kinase-domain-containing protein 2 (FASTKD2) resulted in the poor prognosis of patients with PDAC. Then, we showed that FASTKD2 promoted pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Importantly, we demonstrated that c-Myc was transcriptionally increased by FASTKD2/BRD4 axis and responsible for FASTKD2-mediated tumor growth and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells. Collectively, this study uncovered that FASTKD2 promoted cancer cell progression through upregulating Myc expression in pancreatic cancer. FASTKD2 might be a potential target for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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32
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Ismail T, Kim Y, Lee H, Lee DS, Lee HS. Interplay Between Mitochondrial Peroxiredoxins and ROS in Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184407. [PMID: 31500275 PMCID: PMC6770548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional cellular organelles that are major producers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in eukaryotes; to maintain the redox balance, they are supplemented with different ROS scavengers, including mitochondrial peroxiredoxins (Prdxs). Mitochondrial Prdxs have physiological and pathological significance and are associated with the initiation and progression of various cancer types. In this review, we have focused on signaling involving ROS and mitochondrial Prdxs that is associated with cancer development and progression. An upregulated expression of Prdx3 and Prdx5 has been reported in different cancer types, such as breast, ovarian, endometrial, and lung cancers, as well as in Hodgkin's lymphoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. The expression of Prdx3 and Prdx5 in different types of malignancies involves their association with different factors, such as transcription factors, micro RNAs, tumor suppressors, response elements, and oncogenic genes. The microenvironment of mitochondrial Prdxs plays an important role in cancer development, as cancerous cells are equipped with a high level of antioxidants to overcome excessive ROS production. However, an increased production of Prdx3 and Prdx5 is associated with the development of chemoresistance in certain types of cancers and it leads to further complications in cancer treatment. Understanding the interplay between mitochondrial Prdxs and ROS in carcinogenesis can be useful in the development of anticancer drugs with better proficiency and decreased resistance. However, more targeted studies are required for exploring the tumor microenvironment in association with mitochondrial Prdxs to improve the existing cancer therapies and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayaba Ismail
- KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Youni Kim
- KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Hongchan Lee
- KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- KNU-Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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Pan M, Li M, You C, Zhao F, Guo M, Xu H, Li L, Wang L, Dou J. [Relaxing of unity and membership democracy in the Danish Nursing Council]. J Cell Physiol 1980; 235:1405-1416. [PMID: 31347176 PMCID: PMC6899543 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer patients with high expression of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) cell population have higher tolerability to chemotherapy since the cells posses a characteristic of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) that are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. In this study, we found that the ALDH‐positive cells were higher in CD44+CD24− and CD44+CD24−ESA+BCSCs than that in both BT549 and MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines but microRNA‐7 (miR‐7) level was lower in CD44+CD24− and CD44+CD24−ESA+BCSCs than that in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Moreover, miR‐7 overexpression in MDA‐MB‐231 cells decreased ALDH1A3 activity by miR‐7 directly binding to the 3′‐untranslated region of ALDH1A3; while the ALDH1A3 expression was downregulated in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, the expressions of CD44 and Epithelium Specific Antigen (ESA) were reduced along with decreasing the BCSC subpopulation. Significantly, enforced expression of miR‐7 in CD44+CD24−ESA+BCSC markedly inhibited the BCSC‐driven xenograft growth in mice by decreasing an expression of ALDH1A3. Collectively, the findings demonstrate the miR‐7 inhibits breast cancer growth via suppressing ALDH1A3 activity concomitant with decreasing BCSC subpopulation. This approach may be considered for an investigation on clinical treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Pan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Judicial Identification, Jiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chengzhong You
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fengshu Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mei Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Luoyang Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
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