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Wang K, Wang Y, Yin K. Role played by MDSC in colitis-associated colorectal cancer and potential therapeutic strategies. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:243. [PMID: 38717677 PMCID: PMC11078801 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05755-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Colitis-associated colorectal cancer has been a hot topic in public health issues worldwide. Numerous studies have demonstrated the significance of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the progression of this ailment, but the specific mechanism of their role in the transformation of inflammation to cancer is unclear, and potential therapies targeting MDSC are also unclear. This paper outlines the possible involvement of MDSC to the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. It also explores the immune and other relevant roles played by MDSC, and collates relevant targeted therapies against MDSC. In addition, current targeted therapies for colorectal cancer are analyzed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Jiefang Road No. 438, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Juqian Street, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213003, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Jiangsu University, Jiefang Road No. 438, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212000, China.
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Lu ZH, Ding Y, Wang YJ, Chen C, Yao XR, Yuan XM, Bu F, Bao H, Dong YW, Zhou Q, Li L, Chen T, Li Y, Zhou JY, Wang Q, Shi GP, Jiang F, Chen YG. Early administration of Wumei Wan inhibit myeloid-derived suppressor cells via PI3K/Akt pathway and amino acids metabolism to prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118260. [PMID: 38685367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wumei Wan (WMW), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been proved to be effective in treating Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), but it has not been proven to be effective in different stages of CAC. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of our study is to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of WMW on the progression of CAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Azioximethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were used to treat mice for the purpose of establishing CAC models. WMW was administered in different stages of CAC. The presentative chemical components in WMW were confirmed by LC-MS/MS under the optimized conditions. The detection of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and colon of mice were estimated by qRT-PCR and ELISA. The changes of T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in each group were detected by flow cytometry. The metabolic components in serum of mice were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Expression of genes and proteins were detected by eukaryotic transcriptomics and Western blot to explore the key pathway of WMW in preventing CAC. RESULTS WMW had significant effect on inhibiting inflammatory responses and tumors during the early development stage of CAC when compared to other times. WMW increased the length of mice's colons, reduced the level of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α in colon tissues, and effectively alleviated colonic inflammation, and improved the pathological damage of colon tissues. WMW could significantly reduce the infiltration of MDSCs in the spleen, increase CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in the spleen of CAC mice, and effectively reform the immune microenvironment in CAC mice. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that 2204 genes had different patterns of overlap in the colon tissues of mice between control group, AOM + DSS group, and early administration of WMW group. And KEGG enrichment analysis showed that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, pancreatic secretion, thermogenesis, and Rap1 signaling pathway were all involved. The serum metabolomics results of WMW showed that the metabolic compositions of the control group, AOM + DSS group and the early stage of WMW were different, and 42 differential metabolites with the opposite trends of changes were screened. The metabolic pathways mainly included pyrimidine metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and purine metabolism. And amino acids and related metabolites may play an important role in WMW prevention of CAC. CONCLUSION WMW can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of CAC, especially in the initial stage. WMW can reduce the immune infiltration of MDSCs in the early stage. Early intervention of WMW can improve the metabolic disorder caused by AOM + DSS, especially correct the amino acid metabolism. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was inhabited in early administration of WMW, which can regulate the amplification and function of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu-Ji Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing-Ran Yao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Min Yuan
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Bu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Bao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Wei Dong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jin-Yong Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yu-Gen Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Hou JJ, Ding L, Yang T, Yang YF, Jin YP, Zhang XP, Ma AH, Qin YH. The proteolytic activity in inflammatory bowel disease: insight from gut microbiota. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106560. [PMID: 38272327 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease caused by the destruction of the intestinal mucosal epithelium that affects a growing number of people worldwide. Although the etiology of IBD is complex and still elucidated, the role of dysbiosis and dysregulated proteolysis is well recognized. Various studies observed altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota, as well as increased proteolytic activity (PA) in serum, plasma, colonic mucosa, and fecal supernatant of IBD compared to healthy individuals. The imbalance of intestinal microecology and intestinal protein hydrolysis were gradually considered to be closely related to IBD. Notably, the pivotal role of intestinal microbiota in maintaining proteolytic balance received increasing attention. In summary, we have speculated a mesmerizing story, regarding the hidden role of PA and microbiota-derived PA hidden in IBD. Most importantly, we provided the diagnosis and therapeutic targets for IBD as well as the formulation of new treatment strategies for other digestive diseases and protease-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Yan-Fei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Yue-Ping Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - A-Huo Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China
| | - Yue-Hua Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, PR China.
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Jiang Y, Lu L. New insight into the agonism of protease-activated receptors as an immunotherapeutic strategy. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105614. [PMID: 38159863 PMCID: PMC10810747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation and mobilization of immune cells play a crucial role in immunotherapy. Existing therapeutic interventions, such as cytokines administration, aim to enhance immune cell activity. However, these approaches usually result in modest effectiveness and toxic side effects, thereby restricting their clinical application. Protease-activated receptors (PARs), a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors, actively participate in the immune system by directly activating immune cells. The activation of PARs by proteases or synthetic ligands can modulate immune cell behavior, signaling, and responses to treat immune-related diseases, suggesting the significance of PARs agonism in immunotherapy. However, the agonism of PARs in therapeutical applications remains rarely discussed, since it has been traditionally considered that PARs activation facilitates disease progressions. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the activation, rather than inhibition, of PARs in immune-related physiological responses and diseases. Additionally, we will discuss the emerging immunotherapeutic potential of PARs agonism, providing a new strategic direction for PARs-mediated immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lei Lu
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Lasser SA, Ozbay Kurt FG, Arkhypov I, Utikal J, Umansky V. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:147-164. [PMID: 38191922 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Anticancer agents continue to dominate the list of newly approved drugs, approximately half of which are immunotherapies. This trend illustrates the considerable promise of cancer treatments that modulate the immune system. However, the immune system is complex and dynamic, and can have both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting effects. Understanding the full range of immune modulation in cancer is crucial to identifying more effective treatment strategies. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that develop in association with chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, MDSCs accumulate in the tumour microenvironment, where they strongly inhibit anticancer functions of T cells and natural killer cells and exert a variety of other tumour-promoting effects. Emerging evidence indicates that MDSCs also contribute to resistance to cancer treatments, particularly immunotherapies. Conversely, treatment approaches designed to eliminate cancer cells can have important additional effects on MDSC function, which can be either positive or negative. In this Review, we discuss the interplay between MDSCs and various other cell types found in tumours as well as the mechanisms by which MDSCs promote tumour progression. We also discuss the relevance and implications of MDSCs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Lasser
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Feyza G Ozbay Kurt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ihor Arkhypov
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)), Heidelberg, Germany.
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
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Xu P, Zhou J, Xing X, Hao Y, Gao M, Li Z, Li X, Li M, Xiao Y. Melitoxin Inhibits Proliferation, Metastasis, and Invasion of Glioma U251 Cells by Down-regulating F2RL1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04841-y. [PMID: 38252207 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
As the principal active component of bee venom, melittin has an anti-cancer effect in different cancers. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of melittin in glioma and explore whether F2RL1 is closely involved in glioblastoma cells proliferation. TCGA and GES databases were used to evaluate the role of F2RL1 in gliomas. The U251 cells were divided into a control lentivirus + PBS group (NC-PBS), F2RL1 intervention lentivirus + PBS group (KD-PBS), control lentivirus + melittin group (NC-melittin), and F2RL1 intervention lentivirus + melittin group (KD-melittin). Cell proliferation was detected by MTT and EDU staining assays. The apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry. Expressions of genes related to apoptosis, cycle arrest, migration, and invasion were detected by qRT-PCR. Cellular LDH concentrations were detected by ELISA. The subcutaneous tumor volume of nude mice was analyzed by xenograft method. F2RL1 was significantly overexpressed in glioma tissues and were reduced in the melittin-treated group compared to the blank group. F2RL1 knockdown and melittin alone or in combination increased the proportion of cells in the G1-phase, and the combination was more pronounced. The KD-melittin group showed a decrease in the number of viable cells at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h compared to the NC-PBS group. The number of cell migration and invasion was decreased in the KD-melittin group compared to the other groups. Moreover, the genes related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were significantly changed in the KD-melittin group. At weeks 4, 5, and 6, the tumor volume in the KD-melittin group was smaller than that in the KD-PBS group and NC-melittin group. Interference with the target gene F2RL1 inhibited the proliferation of glioma U251 cells, and melittin treatment inhibited the proliferation of glioma U251 cells. Melittin inhibited the proliferation of glioma U251 cells by suppressing the expression of target gene F2RL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hao
- Department of Pathology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yilei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, 252000, People's Republic of China.
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Ma J, Liu Y, Yuan J, Ma Y, Zhao X, Chen K, Zhang X, Zhang F, Wang H. Bcl-xL mediates interferon-beta secretion by protease-activated receptor 2 deficiency through the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in colorectal cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2024; 580:216483. [PMID: 37972702 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity and immune escape are synergistic drivers of tumor colonization in metastatic organs. Activation of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) signaling promotes metastasis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). The role of PAR2 in regulating the immune microenvironment and cancer progression remains unclear. We demonstrated that the regulation of liver metastasis by PAR2 requires a competent immune system. PAR2 knockdown enhanced liver infiltration of activated CD8+ T cells prior to metastatic foci formation in an interferon receptor-dependent manner. PAR2 depletion increased interferon (IFN)-β production via the cGAS-STING and RIG-1 pathways. PAR2 inhibition increased mitochondrial permeability and cytosolic accumulation of mitochondrial DNA, which was reversed by Bcl-xL expression. Strikingly, shRNA against PAR2 with an immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) acted synergistically to suppress liver metastasis. Analysis of single-cell sequence data and 24 paired samples confirmed the regulatory effect of PAR2 on the metastatic immune environment in human CRC. Therefore, PAR2 signaling is involved in stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane and regulating the immune microenvironment through IFN-β during liver metastasis in CRC. The synergistic effect of the PAR2 inhibitor and ICB provides a potential therapeutic strategy for metastatic CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junhu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Department of Injury and Repair, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Fanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Fu X, Li J, Wu Y, Mao C, Jiang Y. PAR2 deficiency tunes inflammatory microenvironment to magnify STING signalling for mitigating cancer metastasis via anionic CRISPR/Cas9 nanoparticles. J Control Release 2023; 363:733-746. [PMID: 37827223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the most significant causes for deterioration of breast cancer, contributing to the clinical failure of anti-tumour drugs. Excessive inflammatory responses intensively promote the occurrence and development of tumour, while protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) as a cell membrane receptor actively participates in both tumour cell functions and inflammatory responses. However, rare investigations linked PAR2-mediated inflammatory environment to tumour progression. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology is an emerging and powerful gene editing technique and can be applied for probing the new role of PAR2 in breast cancer metastasis, but it still needs the development of an efficient and safe delivery system. This work constructed anionic bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles to encapsulate CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid encoding PAR2 sgRNA and Cas9 (tBSA/Cas9-PAR2) for triggering PAR2 deficiency. tBSA/Cas9-PAR2 remarkably promoted CRISPR/Cas9 to enter and transfect both inflammatory and cancer cells, initiating precise PAR2 gene editing in vitro and in vivo. PAR2 deficiency by tBSA/Cas9-PAR2 effectively suppressed NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signalling in inflammatory microenvironment to magnify stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signalling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) reversal, consequently preventing breast cancer metastasis. Therefore, this study not only demonstrated the involvement and underlying mechanism of PAR2 in tumour progression via modulating inflammatory microenvironment, but also suggested PAR2 deficiency by tBSA/Cas9-PAR2 as an attractive therapeutic strategy candidate for breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Canquan Mao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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Yu H, Wang Q, Tang J, Dong L, Dai G, Zhang T, Zhang G, Xie K, Wang H, Zhao Z. Comprehensive analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome in chickens after Eimeria tenella infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1191939. [PMID: 37346030 PMCID: PMC10279956 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1191939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coccidiosis is an intestinal parasitic disease caused by Eimeria protozoa, which endangers the health and growth of animals, and causes huge economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide every year. Studies have shown that poultry gut microbiota plays an important role in preventing the colonization of pathogens and maintaining the health of the host. Coccidia infection also affects host gene expression. However, the underlying potential relationship between gut microbiome and host transcriptome during E. tenella infection in chickens remain unclear. Methods In this study, metagenomic and transcriptome sequencing were applied to identify microbiota and genes in cecal contents and cecal tissues of infected (JS) and control (JC) chickens on day 4.5 postinfection (pi), respectively. Results First, microbial sequencing results of cecal contents showed that the abundance of Lactobacillus, Roseburia sp. and Faecalibacterium sp decreased significantly after E. tenella infection (P < 0.05), while the abundance of Alistipes and Prevotella pectinovora increased significantly (P < 0.05). Second, transcriptome sequencing results showed that a total of 434 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified, including 196 up-regulated and 238 down-regulated genes. These differentially expressed genes related to inflammation and immunity, such as GAMA, FABP1, F2RL1 and RSAD2, may play an important role in the process of host resistance to coccidia infection. Functional studies showed that the enriched pathways of differentially expressed genes included the TGF-beta signaling pathway and the ErbB signaling pathways. Finally, the integrated analysis of gut microbiome and host transcriptome suggested that Prevotella pectinovora associated with FABP1, Butyricicoccus porcorum and Colidextribacter sp. associated with RSAD2 were involved in the immune response upon E. tenella infection. Conclusion In conclusion, this study provides valuable information on the microbiota and key immune genes after chicken E. tenella infection, with the aim of providing reference for the impact of coccidia infection on cecal microbiome and host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyue Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Technical Research Department, Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Group Co., Ltd., Haimen, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
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10
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Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang Z, Bian D, Shao K, Wang S, Ding Y. G-MDSC-derived exosomes mediate the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages promoting colitis-to-cancer transition. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006166. [PMID: 37364932 PMCID: PMC10410840 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS In inflammatory bowel disease microenvironment, transdifferentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2 macrophage accumulation are crucial for the transition of colitis-to-cancer. New insights into the cross-talk and the underling mechanism between MDSCs and M2 macrophage during colitis-to-cancer transition are opening new avenues for colitis-associated cancer (CAC) prevention and treatment. METHODS The role and underlying mechanism that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) or exosomes (Exo) regulates the differentiation of monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) into M2 macrophages were investigated using immunofluorescence, FACS, IB analysis, etc, and employing siRNA and antibodies. In vivo efficacy and mechanistic studies were conducted with dextran sulfate sodium-induced CAC mice, employed IL-6 Abs and STAT3 inhibitor. RESULTS G-MDSCs promote the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages through exosomal miR-93-5 p which downregulating STAT3 activity in M-MDSC. IL-6 is responsible for miR-93-5 p enrichment in G-MDSC exosomes (GM-Exo). Mechanistically, chronic inflammation-driven IL-6 promote the synthesis of miR-93-5 p in G-MDSC via IL-6R/JAK/STAT3 pathway. Early use of IL-6 Abs enhances the effect of STAT3 inhibitor against CAC. CONCLUSIONS IL-6-driven secretion of G-MDSC exosomal miR-93-5 p promotes the differentiation of M-MDSC into M2 macrophages and involves a STAT3 signaling mechanism that promote colitis-to-cancer transition. Combining STAT3 inhibitors with strategies that inhibit IL-6-mediated G-MDSC exosomal miR-93-5 p production is beneficial for the prevention and treatment of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yungang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology, and Endocrinology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yangcheng, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology, and Endocrinology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yangcheng, China
| | - Dezhi Bian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology, and Endocrinology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yangcheng, China
| | - Keke Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology, and Endocrinology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yangcheng, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yanxia Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology, and Endocrinology, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First people's Hospital of Yancheng, Yangcheng, China
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11
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Lv J, Liu J, Chao G, Zhang S. PARs in the inflammation-cancer transformation of CRC. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 25:1242-1251. [PMID: 36547764 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignancies with a global trend of increasing incidence and mortality. There is an urgent need to identify new predictive markers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRC. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a class of G-protein-coupled receptors, with currently identified subtypes including PAR1, PAR2, PAR3 and PAR4. Increasingly, studies suggest that PARs play an important role in the growth and metastasis of CRC. By targeting multiple signaling pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRC. In this review, we first describe recent studies on the role of PARs in CRC inflammation-cancer transformation, focusing on the important role of PARs in signaling pathways associated with inflammation-cancer transformation, and summarize the progress of research on PARs-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinguo Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanqun Chao
- Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hanghou, China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Zhuo X, Wu Y, Fu X, Liang X, Xiang Y, Li J, Mao C, Jiang Y. The Yin‐Yang roles of protease‐activated receptors in inflammatory signalling and diseases. FEBS J 2022; 289:4000-4020. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhuo
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Xiujuan Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Yuxin Xiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Jianbin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Canquan Mao
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
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13
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Crosstalk between hemostasis and immunity in cancer pathogenesis. Thromb Res 2022; 213 Suppl 1:S3-S7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Jacenik D, Fichna J, Małecka-Wojciesko E, Mokrowiecka A. Protease-Activated Receptors - Key Regulators of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Progression. J Inflamm Res 2022; 14:7487-7497. [PMID: 35002281 PMCID: PMC8721023 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s335502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis and course of inflammatory bowel diseases are related to both immune system disorders and dysfunction of colon permeability. Moreover, co-existing diseases in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are identified. Currently, there are some therapeutic strategies that affect the function of cytokine/s causing inflammation in the intestinal wall. However, additional approaches which target other components of inflammatory bowel diseases pathogenesis are still needed. Accumulating evidence suggests that proteases and protease-activated receptors seem to be responsible for colitis progression. Experimental and observational studies showed alteration of protease-activated receptors expression in the colon of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it was suggested that the expression of protease-activated receptors correlated with inflammatory bowel diseases activity. Moreover, regulation of protease-activated receptors seems to be responsible for the modulation of colitis and clinical manifestation of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this review, we present the current state of knowledge about the contribution of protease-activated receptors to Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and its implications for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Mokrowiecka
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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15
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Hao Z, Li R, Wang Y, Li S, Hong Z, Han Z. Landscape of Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cell in Tumor Immunotherapy. Biomark Res 2021; 9:77. [PMID: 34689842 PMCID: PMC8543853 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a group of immature cells that produced by emergency myelopoiesis. Emerging evidences have identified the vital role of MDSC in cancer microenvironment, in which MDSC exerts both immunological and non-immunological activities to assist the progression of cancer. Advances in pre-clinical research have provided us the understanding of MDSC in cancer context from the perspective of molecular mechanism. In clinical scenario, MDSC and its subsets have been discovered to exist in peripheral blood and tumor site of patients from various types of cancers. In this review, we highlight the clinical value of MDSC in predicting prognosis of cancer patients and the responses of immunotherapies, therefore to propose the MDSC-inhibiting strategy in the scenario of cancer immunotherapies. Phenotypes and biological functions of MDSC in cancer microenvironment are comprehensively summarized to provide potential targets of MDSC-inhibiting strategy from the aspect of molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaonian Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecology and Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shuangying Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenya Hong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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16
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Construction and validation of a novel immune and tumor mutation burden-based prognostic model in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1183-1197. [PMID: 34635925 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of cancer, is hard to diagnose and has an unfavorable prognosis. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a useful predictor and can also determine the efficacy of immunotherapy in various cancers. The present study focused on unraveling the association between immune infiltration and TMB and developing an immune- and TMB-related prognostic model to predict LUAD patients' prognosis. The results revealed that the immune-related prognostic model (IPM) based on TMB was capable of classifying LUAD patients in all cohorts into different risk groups. The IPM was useful and had a significant correlation with LUAD patients' overall survival (OS). Based on the multivariate Cox analysis results, the IPM was proved to be an independent predictive biomarker. Furthermore, the five hub genes and the immune-related model were related to different immune infiltrating cells. The IPM was related to immune checkpoints. At last, an effective nomogram was established to predict LUAD patients' prognosis. To conclude, our IPM is effective in predicting LUAD patients' prognosis and provides novel insights into immunotherapy for LUAD.
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17
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Hua Q, Sun Z, Liu Y, Shen X, Zhao W, Zhu X, Xu P. KLK8 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer via the activation of EMT associated with PAR1. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:860. [PMID: 34552064 PMCID: PMC8458432 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidase 8 (KLK8) acts as an oncogene or anti-oncogene in various tumours, and the abnormal expression of KLK8 is involved in the carcinogenesis of several tumours. However, the role of KLK8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. In this study, the carcinogenic effect of KLK8 was determined via CCK-8 and colony formation assays in vitro and a xenograft model in nude mice in vivo. The metastasis-promoting effect of KLK8 was investigated with transwell migration and invasion assays and wound-healing assay in vitro and a metastasis model in nude mice in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic experiments were conducted to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Herein, we reported that KLK8 had a promotive effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO and SW480 cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) played an important role in the promotive effects of KLK8 on CRC. In addition, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) antagonist SCH79797 but not protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) antagonist FSLLRY-NH2 attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of KLK8-upregulated RKO and SW480 cells. PAR-1 antagonist SCH79797 reduced the tumour volume of xenograft model and decreased the metastatic nodules in the livers of metastasis model. Furthermore, SCH79797 could reverse the positive impact of KLK8 on the EMT process in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that KLK8 promoted EMT and CRC progression, and this effect might be, at least partly mediated by PAR1-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefang Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Integrated Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, 200433, Shanghai, China.
| | - Pingbo Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No. 270 Dong an Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Ma Y, He L, Zhao X, Li W, Lv X, Zhang X, Peng J, Yang L, Xu Q, Wang H. Protease activated receptor 2 signaling promotes self-renewal and metastasis in colorectal cancer through β-catenin and periostin. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:130-141. [PMID: 34461179 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance and expansion of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) is necessary for metastasis. Although protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, it is unclear how it regulates distal metastasis, and no studies have shown the involvement of CSCs. In this study, we demonstrated that high PAR2 protein expression was correlated with metastatic CRC and poor prognosis in patients with stage III-IV CRC. CSCs from cell lines and patients showed higher levels of PAR2 than that of corresponding non-CSCs, and PAR2 inhibition reduced the CSC properties of the cell lines. Mechanistically, PAR2 inhibition switched the division mode of CSCs from symmetrical to asymmetrical via the ERK/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. We also identified periostin as a direct transcriptional target of β-catenin that mediates CSC self-renewal via PAR2 signaling. In a mouse xenograft model, PAR2 knockdown significantly attenuated liver metastasis. Finally, PAR2 expression was positively correlated with β-catenin and periostin in the primary sites of CRC with distant metastasis. Overall, our results indicate that PAR2 activation enhances CSC self-renewal and promotes metastasis through β-catenin and its target gene, periostin, in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Longmei He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tianjin, 300020, China; Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Biobank of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China; Department of Gastroenterology of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Quan Xu
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Identification and Validation of a Tumor Microenvironment-Related Gene Signature for Prognostic Prediction in Advanced-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8864436. [PMID: 33860055 PMCID: PMC8028741 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8864436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of immunotherapy has greatly changed the advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment landscape. The complexity and heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment (TME) lead to discrepant immunotherapy effects among patients at the same pathologic stages. This study is aimed at exploring potential biomarkers of immunotherapy and accurately predicting the prognosis for advanced NSCLC patients. RNA-seq data and clinical information on stage III/IV NSCLC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In TCGA-NSCLC with stage III/IV (n = 192), immune scores and stromal scores were calculated by using the ESTIMATE algorithms. Univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to screen prognostic TME-related genes (TMERGs) and constructed a gene signature risk score model. It was validated in external dataset including GSE41271 (n = 91) and GSE81089 (n = 36). Additionally, a nomogram incorporating TMERG signature risk score and clinical characteristics was established. Further, we accessed the proportion of 22 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIIC) from the CIBERSORT website and analyzed the difference between two risk groups. OS of patients with high immune/stromal scores were higher (log-rank P = 0.044/log-rank P = 0.048). Multivariate Cox regression identified six prognostic TMERGs, including CD200, CHI3L2, CNTN1, CTSL, FYB1, and SLC52A1. We developed a six-gene risk score model, which was validated as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR: 3.32, 95% CI: 2.16-5.09). Time-ROC curves showed useful discrimination for TCGA-NSCLC cohort (1-, 2-, and 3-year AUCs were 0.718, 0.761, and 0.750). The predictive robustness was validated in the external dataset. The C-index and 1-, 2-, and 3-year AUCs of nomogram were the largest, which demonstrated the nomogram had the greatest predictive accuracy and effectiveness and could be used for clinical guidance. Besides, the increased infiltration of T cells regulatory (Tregs) and macrophages M2 in the high-risk group suggested that chronic inflammation may reduce survival probability in patients with advanced NSCLC. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the tumor microenvironment and identified the TMERG signature, which could predict prognosis accurately and provide a reference for the personalized immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients.
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20
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Cui C, Lan P, Fu L. The role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:442-471. [PMID: 33773092 PMCID: PMC8211353 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer encompasses a range of malignancies that originate in the digestive system, which together represent the most common form of cancer diagnosed worldwide. However, despite numerous advances in both diagnostics and treatment, the incidence and mortality rate of GI cancer are on the rise. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that increase in number under certain pathological conditions, such as infection and inflammation, and this expansion is of particular relevance to cancer. MDSCs are heavily involved in the regulation of the immune system and act to dampen its response to tumors, favoring the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance and increasing both metastasis and recurrence. Several recent studies have supported the use of MDSCs as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cancer, and potentially as a novel treatment target. In the present review, the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs are described, and recent researches concerning the involvement of MDSCs in the progression, prognosis, and therapies of GI cancer are reviewed. The aim of this work was to present the development of novel treatments targeting MDSCs in GI cancer in the hope of improving outcomes for patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Penglin Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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21
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Her JY, Lee Y, Kim SJ, Heo G, Choo J, Kim Y, Howe C, Rhee SH, Yu HS, Chung HY, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Blockage of protease-activated receptor 2 exacerbates inflammation in high-fat environment partly through autophagy inhibition. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G30-G42. [PMID: 33146548 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00203.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) regulates inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism. However, its precise role in colitis remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of PAR2 in high-fat diet-fed mice with colitis and its potential role in autophagy. PAR2+/+ and PAR2-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 7 days before colitis induction with dextran sodium sulfate. Deletion of PAR2 and an HFD significantly exacerbated colitis, as shown by increased mortality, body weight loss, diarrhea or bloody stools, colon length shortening, and mucosal damage. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were elevated in HFD-fed PAR2-/- mice and in cells treated with the PAR2 antagonist GB83, palmitic acid (PA), and a cytokine cocktail (CC). Damaging effects of PAR2 blockage were associated with autophagy regulation by reducing the levels of YAP1, SIRT1, PGC-1α, Atg5, and LC3A/B-I/II. In addition, mitochondrial dysfunction was demonstrated only in cells treated with GB83, PA, and CC. Reduced cell viability and greater induction of apoptosis, as shown by increased levels of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), were observed in cells treated with GB83, PA, and CC but not in those treated with only PA and CC. Collectively, protective effects of PAR2 were elucidated during inflammation accompanied by a high-fat environment by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis, suggesting PAR2 as a therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease co-occurring with metabolic syndrome.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Deletion of PAR2 with high-fat diet feeding exacerbates colitis in a murine colitis model. Proinflammatory effects of PAR2 blockage in a high-fat environment were associated with an altered balance between autophagy and apoptosis. Increased colonic levels of PAR2 represent as a therapeutic strategy for IBD co-occurring with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Her
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunna Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangbeom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Choo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuju Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Cody Howe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Sang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Yin K, Xia X, Rui K, Wang T, Wang S. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: A New and Pivotal Player in Colorectal Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2020; 10:610104. [PMID: 33384962 PMCID: PMC7770157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.610104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a devastating human malignancy with poor prognosis. Of the various factors, immune evasion mechanisms play pivotal roles in CRC progression and impede the effects of cancer therapy. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute an immature population of myeloid cells that are typical during tumor progression. These cells have the ability to induce strong immunosuppressive effects within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promote CRC development. Indeed, MDSCs have been shown to accumulate in both tumor-bearing mice and CRC patients, and may therefore become an obstacle for cancer immunotherapy. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on the characterization of MDSCs and their immunosuppressive capacity, as well as developing novel approaches to suppress MDSCs function with different approaches. Current therapeutic strategies that target MDSCs in CRC include inhibition of their recruitment and alteration of their function, alone or in combination with other therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Herein, we summarize the recent roles and mechanisms of MDSCs in CRC progression. In addition, a brief review of MDSC-targeting approaches for potential CRC therapy is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xueli Xia
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ke Rui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Li L, Yu R, Cai T, Chen Z, Lan M, Zou T, Wang B, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Cai Y. Effects of immune cells and cytokines on inflammation and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106939. [PMID: 33182039 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and immune responses are two core element that characterize the tumor microenvironment. A large number of immune/inflammatory cells (including tumor associated macrophages, neutrophils and myeloid derived suppressor cells) as well as cytokines (such as IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β) are present in the tumor microenvironment, which results in both a chronic inflammatory state and immunosuppression. As a consequence tumor cell migration, invasion, metastasis and anticancer drug sensitivity are modulated. On the one hand, secreted cytokines change the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells, thereby inhibiting tumor specific immune responses and consequently inducing a special immunosuppressive microenvironment for tumor cells. On the other hand, tumor cells change the differentiation and function of immune/inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment especially via the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. This may promote proliferation of tumor cells. Here we review these double edged effects of immune/inflammatory cells and cytokines on tumor cells, and explored their interactions with inflammation, hypoxia, and immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. The tumor inflammatory or immunosuppressive reactions mediated by the high activity of NF-κB or STAT3 can occur alone or simultaneously, and there is a certain connection between them. Inhibiting the NF-κB or STAT3 signaling pathway is likely to curb the growth of tumor cells, reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, and enhance the anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Integrative Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tengteng Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bingyue Wang
- Guangzhou Jiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangzhou Jiayuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Yiye Zhao
- Integrated Hospital of Traditonal Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Cancer Research Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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