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Rathour RK, Kiran, Thakur N, Bhatt AK, Bhatia RK. Bio-inspired multifunctional and reusable LiP@MFO-GO and LiP@MFO-Chit hybrid enzyme complexes for efficient degradation of melanin. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107629. [PMID: 39003942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Melanin is a complex brown pigment, primarily responsible for the skin pigmentation. Therefore, cosmetic industries have always been in search of potent oxidative enzymes useful for melanin degradation, and to promise a fair complexion after using their products. In the present study, lignin peroxidase from Pseudomonas fluorescence LiP-RL5 isolate has been immobilized on super-paramagnetic nanoparticles to enhance its stability and reusability. The chitosan coated enzyme-nanomaterial complex (LiP@MFO-Chit) showed higher melanin decolorization (47.30 ± 2.3 %) compared to the graphene oxide coated nanoparticles (LiP@MFO-GO) (41.60 ± 1.6 %). Synthesized enzyme nanoparticle complexes showed microbicidal effect on skin infection causing pathogen, Pantoea agglomerans with an inhibitory zone of 6.0 ± 0.9 mm and 250 µg/100 µl minimum inhibitory concentration, and a 7.0 ± 1.5 mm zone and 170 µg/100 µl MIC for LiP@MFO-GO and LiP@MFO-Chit, respectively. Antioxidant potential of LiP@MFO-Chit and LiP@MFO-GO nano-conjugates showed a substantial DPPH scavenging activity of 75.7 % and 88.3 %, respectively. Therefore, LiP-nanoparticle hybrid complexes analyzed in this study are not only effective as skin whitening agents but they are potential molecules against various microbial skin infections as well as useful for different other biomedical applications like biorefinery, drug delivery, and dermatology, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranju Kumari Rathour
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 05, India; Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh group of colleges, Landran, Mohali, India
| | - Kiran
- Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 05, India
| | - Nagesh Thakur
- Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 05, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 05, India
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 05, India.
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2
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Rajamohan R, Kamaraj E, Govindasamy C, Subramanian SA, Kim SJ, Krishnan MM, Murugavel K, Murugan M, Lee YR. Formulation of Ensulizole with Beta-Cyclodextrins for Improved Sunscreen Activity and Biocompatibility. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1536-1545. [PMID: 38147911 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
In today's context, prolonged exposure to sunlight is widely recognized as a threat to human health, leading to a range of adverse consequences, including skin cancers, premature skin aging, and erythema. To mitigate these risks, preventive actions mainly focus on advocating the application of sunscreen lotions and minimizing direct exposure to sunlight. This research study specifically centered on ensulizole (ENS), a prominent ingredient in sunscreens. The objective was to create inclusion complexes (ICs) with Beta-cyclodextrin (B-CD) and its hydroxypropyl derivatives (H-CD). Using phase solubility measurements, we determined that both B-CD and H-CD form 1:1 stoichiometric ICs with ENS. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectral (1H NMR) analysis confirmed that the phenyl portion of ENS is encapsulated within the B-CD cavity. Significant changes in surface morphology were observed during the formation of these ICs compared to ENS and CDs alone. Quantum mechanical calculations were employed to further support the formation of ICs by providing energy data. Particularly, the photostability of the ENS:B-CD ICs remained intact for up to four hours of UV exposure, with no significant alterations in the structure of ENS. Furthermore, comprehensive biocompatibility assessments yielded encouraging results, suggesting the potential application of these inclusion complexes in cosmetics as a UVB sunscreen. In summary, our research underscores the successful creation of inclusion complexes characterized by enhanced photostability and safe biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaram Rajamohan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eswaran Kamaraj
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar Allur Subramanian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mani Murali Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam 638 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kuppusamy Murugavel
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College, Chidambaram 608 102, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moorthiraman Murugan
- Department of Chemistry, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram 605 108, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Sunena, Tomar D, Jawla S. Clinical Applications of Sunscreens and Formulation Advancements. Curr Drug Res Rev 2024; 16:198-208. [PMID: 37464824 DOI: 10.2174/2589977515666230718124841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Sunscreens cover the big market ratio in terms of cosmetic applications, but the therapeutic necessity of sunscreen still needs to be uncovered in the clinical context. Clinically, sunscreens are being employed more often nowadays as a result of the rising consequences of skin malignancies and the photodamaging effects of UV radiation. Sunscreens are essential to prevent aging by shielding the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Over the recent decades, there has been a significant evolution in the usage of sunscreens as photo protectants. The demand for sunscreen formulations will inevitably rise as more people become aware of the protection that sunscreens provide against tanning, photoaging, non-melanoma skin cancers, premalignant skin lesions, and skin melanomas. The novel contemporary formulation techniques are also beneficial in enhancing the product's aesthetic look and quality. Recently, regulatory agencies have also started paying attention to the regulation of the clinical application, efficacy, and safety parameters related to sunscreen. This review underlines the pathophysiological response of UV exposure with the therapeutic applications of sunscreen in various dermatological conditions and the recent formulation advancements in the development of sunscreen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunena
- Geeta Institute of Pharmacy, Geeta University, Panipat, 132145, India
| | - Deepali Tomar
- Geeta Institute of Pharmacy, Geeta University, Panipat, 132145, India
| | - Sunil Jawla
- Geeta Institute of Pharmacy, Geeta University, Panipat, 132145, India
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4
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Mendoza-Muñoz N, Leyva-Gómez G, Piñón-Segundo E, Zambrano-Zaragoza ML, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Del Prado Audelo ML, Urbán-Morlán Z. Trends in biopolymer science applied to cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:699-724. [PMID: 37402111 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The term biopolymer refers to materials obtained by chemically modifying natural biological substances or producing them through biotechnological processes. They are biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic. Due to these advantages, biopolymers have wide applications in conventional cosmetics and new trends and have emerged as essential ingredients that function as rheological modifiers, emulsifiers, film-formers, moisturizers, hydrators, antimicrobials and, more recently, materials with metabolic activity on skin. Developing approaches that exploit these features is a challenge for formulating skin, hair and oral care products and dermatological formulations. This article presents an overview of the use of the principal biopolymers used in cosmetic formulations and describes their sources, recently derived structures, novel applications and safety aspects of the use of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Mendoza-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Piñón-Segundo
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Farmacéuticos de Liberación Modificada, L13, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - María L Zambrano-Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Procesos de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes de Alimentos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES-Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | | | - Zaida Urbán-Morlán
- Centro de Información de Medicamentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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5
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de Moura Junior CF, Ochi D, Freitas ED, Kerwald J, d'Ávila MA, Beppu MM. Synthesis and characterization of n-phosphonium chitosan and its virucidal activity evaluation against coronavirus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125665. [PMID: 37406900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the worldwide vaccination effort against COVID-19, the demand for biocidal materials has increased. One promising solution is the chemical modification of polysaccharides, such as chitosan, which can provide antiviral activity through the insertion of cationic terminals. In this study, chitosan was modified with (4-carboxybutyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide to create N-phosphonium chitosan (NPCS), a quaternized derivative. The resulting NPCS samples with three degrees of substitution (15.6 %, 19.8 % and 24.2 %) were characterized and found to have improved solubility in water and alkaline solutions but reduced thermal stability. The particles zeta potential exhibits positive charges and is directly correlated with the degree of substitution of the derivative. In virucidal assays, all NPCS samples were able to inhibit 99.999 % of the MHV-3 coronavirus within 5 min at low concentrations of 0.1 mg/mL, while maintaining low cytotoxicity to L929 cells. In addition to its potential application against current coronavirus strains, NPCS could also be valuable in combating future pandemics caused by other viral pathogens. The antiviral properties of NPCS make it a promising material for use in coating surface and personal protective equipment to limit the spread of disease-causing viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Fidelis de Moura Junior
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Deise Ochi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle Dantas Freitas
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Jonas Kerwald
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Marcos Akira d'Ávila
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-860, Brazil
| | - Marisa Masumi Beppu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials and Bioprocess Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Albert Einstein, Campinas 13083-852, Brazil.
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Lukova P, Katsarov P. Contemporary Aspects of Designing Marine Polysaccharide Microparticles as Drug Carriers for Biomedical Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2126. [PMID: 37631340 PMCID: PMC10458623 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of modern pharmaceutical technology is to create new drug formulations that are safer and more effective. These formulations should allow targeted drug delivery, improved drug stability and bioavailability, fewer side effects, and reduced drug toxicity. One successful approach for achieving these objectives is using polymer microcarriers for drug delivery. They are effective for treating various diseases through different administration routes. When creating pharmaceutical systems, choosing the right drug carrier is crucial. Biomaterials have become increasingly popular over the past few decades due to their lack of toxicity, renewable sources, and affordability. Marine polysaccharides, in particular, have been widely used as substitutes for synthetic polymers in drug carrier applications. Their inherent properties, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility, make marine polysaccharide-based microcarriers a prospective platform for developing drug delivery systems. This review paper explores the principles of microparticle design using marine polysaccharides as drug carriers. By reviewing the current literature, the paper highlights the challenges of formulating polymer microparticles, and proposes various technological solutions. It also outlines future perspectives for developing marine polysaccharides as drug microcarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolina Lukova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Plamen Katsarov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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7
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Chuah LH, Loo HL, Goh CF, Fu JY, Ng SF. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems for skin atopic dermatitis: recent advancements and patent trends. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1436-1455. [PMID: 36808298 PMCID: PMC9937521 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01307-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with a considerable social and economic burden globally. AD is primarily characterized by its chronic pattern and it can have important modifications in the quality of life of the patients and caretakers. One of the fastest-growing topics in translational medicine today is the exploration of new or repurposed functional biomaterials into drug delivery therapeutic applications. This area has gained a considerable amount of research which produced many innovative drug delivery systems for inflammatory skin diseases like AD. Chitosan, a polysaccharide, has attracted attention as a functional biopolymer for diverse applications, especially in pharmaceutics and medicine, and has been considered a promising candidate for AD treatment due to its antimicrobial, antioxidative, and inflammatory response modulation properties. The current pharmacological treatment for AD involves prescribing topical corticosteroid and calcineurin inhibitors. However, the adverse reactions associated with the long-term usage of these drugs such as itching, burning, or stinging sensation are also well documented. Innovative formulation strategies, including the use of micro- and nanoparticulate systems, biopolymer hydrogel composites, nanofibers, and textile fabrication are being extensively researched with an aim to produce a safe and effective delivery system for AD treatment with minimal side effects. This review outlines the recent development of various chitosan-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of AD published in the past 10 years (2012-2022). These chitosan-based delivery systems include hydrogels, films, micro-, and nanoparticulate systems as well as chitosan textile. The global patent trends on chitosan-based formulations for the AD are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lay-Hong Chuah
- grid.440425.30000 0004 1798 0746School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Hooi-Leong Loo
- grid.440425.30000 0004 1798 0746School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Choon Fu Goh
- grid.11875.3a0000 0001 2294 3534Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ju-Yen Fu
- grid.410876.c0000 0001 2170 0530Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiow-Fern Ng
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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8
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Chitosan Based Materials in Cosmetic Applications: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041817. [PMID: 36838805 PMCID: PMC9959028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a report on the properties and recent advances in the application of chitosan and chitosan-based materials in cosmetics. Chitosan is a polysaccharide that can be obtained from chitin via the deacetylation process. Chitin most commonly is extracted from cell walls in fungi and the exoskeletons of arthropods, such as crustaceans and insects. Chitosan has attracted significant academic interest, as well as the attention of the cosmetic industry, due to its interesting properties, which include being a natural humectant and moisturizer for the skin and a rheology modifier. This review paper covers the structure of chitosan, the sources of chitosan used in the cosmetic industry, and the role played by this polysaccharide in cosmetics. Future aspects regarding applications of chitosan-based materials in cosmetics are also mentioned.
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9
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Potential Cosmetic Active Ingredients Derived from Marine By-Products. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120734. [PMID: 36547881 PMCID: PMC9787341 DOI: 10.3390/md20120734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The market demand for marine-based cosmetics has shown a tremendous growth rate in the last decade. Marine resources represent a promising source of novel bioactive compounds for new cosmetic ingredient development. However, concern about sustainability also becomes an issue that should be considered in developing cosmetic ingredients. The fisheries industry (e.g., fishing, farming, and processing) generates large amounts of leftovers containing valuable substances, which are potent sources of cosmeceutical ingredients. Several bioactive substances could be extracted from the marine by-product that can be utilized as a potent ingredient to develop cosmetics products. Those bioactive substances (e.g., collagen from fish waste and chitin from crustacean waste) could be utilized as anti-photoaging, anti-wrinkle, skin barrier, and hair care products. From this perspective, this review aims to approach the potential active ingredients derived from marine by-products for cosmetics and discuss the possible activity of those active ingredients in promoting human beauty. In addition, this review also covers the prospect and challenge of using marine by-products toward the emerging concept of sustainable blue cosmetics.
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Hajiali F, Jin T, Yang G, Santos M, Lam E, Moores A. Mechanochemical Transformations of Biomass into Functional Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102535. [PMID: 35137539 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is one of the promising alternatives to petroleum-derived materials and plays a major role in our fight against climate change by providing renewable sources of chemicals and materials. Owing to its chemical and structural complexity, the transformation of biomass into value-added products requires a profound understanding of its composition at different scales and innovative methods such as combining physical and chemical processes. In this context, the use of mechanochemistry in biomass valorization is currently growing owing to its potentials as an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly approach. This review highlights the latest advances in the transformation of biomass (i. e., chitin, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and starch) to functional materials using mechanochemical-assisted methods. We focused here on the methodology of biomass processing, influencing factors, and resulting properties with an emphasis on achieving functional materials rather than breaking down the biopolymer chains into smaller molecules. Opportunities and limitations associated this methodology were discussed accordingly for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Hajiali
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tony Jin
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Galen Yang
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Madison Santos
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, 3480 University St., Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Edmond Lam
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0 C5, Canada
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In Situ Growth of Silver Nanoparticles on Chitosan Matrix for the Synthesis of Hybrid Electrospun Fibers: Analysis of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040674. [PMID: 35215587 PMCID: PMC8880230 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A viable alternative for the next generation of wound dressings is the preparation of electrospun fibers from biodegradable polymers in combination with inorganic nanoparticles. A poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan-silver nanoparticles (PVA-CTS-Ag NPs) system has been developed for antimicrobial and wound healing applications. Here, the preparation of PVA-CTS-Ag electrospun fibers using a two-step process is reported in order to analyze changes in the microstructural, mechanical, and antibacterial properties and confirm their potential application in the biomedical field. The Ag nanoparticles were well-dispersed into the chitosan matrix and their cubic structure after the electrospinning process was also retained. The Ag NPs displayed an average diameter of ~33 nm into the CTS matrix, while the size increased up to 213 nm in the PVA-CTS-Ag(NPs) fibers. It was observed that strong chemical interactions exist between organic (CTS) and inorganic phases through nitrogenous groups and the oxygen of the glycosidic bonds. A defect-free morphology was obtained in the PVA-CTS-Ag NPs final fibers with an important enhancement of the mechanical properties as well as of the antibacterial activity compared with pure PVA-CTS electrospun fibers. The results of antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus confirmed that PVA-CTS-Ag(NPs) fibers can be potentially used as a material for biomedical applications.
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12
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Preparation of water-soluble dialdehyde cellulose enhanced chitosan coating and its application on the preservation of mandarin fruit. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:184-194. [PMID: 35016973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers, e.g., polysaccharides and protein, have been employed as edible coatings for the preservation of fruits for many years and are the promising candidates for resolving the problems caused by the extensive using of synthesized polymers in recent years. Chitosan, a kind of polysaccharide with excellent antibacterial and coatings forming properties, has attracted a lot of research interests in being applied as an edible coating for the preservation of postharvest fruits. However, the applying of chitosan is restricted by its poor stability. In this study, we introduce the water-soluble dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) as the crosslinking agent for chitosan to enhance its stability. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy is applied to prove the happening of crosslinking and the detection of swelling ratio in water and mechanical properties of DAC-crosslinked chitosan (DAC/CS) confirms the enhanced stability. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, water contact angle, mechanical and gas barrier properties are performed to characterize DAC/CS films with different DAC contents. Finally, DAC/CS is employed as a coating agent to study the effect on the storage of mandarin fruit at room temperature. Chitosan, with enhanced stability by biopolymer, would be a promising candidate applied as a green edible coating in the preservation of fruits.
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13
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Cunha CS, Castro PJ, Sousa SC, Pullar RC, Tobaldi DM, Piccirillo C, Pintado MM. Films of chitosan and natural modified hydroxyapatite as effective UV-protecting, biocompatible and antibacterial wound dressings. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:1177-1185. [PMID: 32416293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide widely used in biomedicine, for instance for wound dressing. Hydroxyapatite is a very bioactive calcium phosphate which, if modified with an appropriate element (iron Fe), can also have UV-absorbing properties. In this work, we report the study of films of chitosan incorporated with iron-modified hydroxyapatite of natural origin (from cod fish bones); this combination led to an innovative chitosan-based material with excellent and advanced functional properties. The films showed very high UV absorption (Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) value higher than 50). This is the first time that a chitosan-based material has shown such high UV protection properties. The films also showed to be non-cytotoxic, and possessed antimicrobial activity towards both Gram-positive and negative strains. Their mechanical properties, optimised with an experimental design approach, confirmed their potential use as multifunctional wound dressing, capable of reducing bacterial infections and, at the same time, protecting from UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla S Cunha
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro J Castro
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sérgio C Sousa
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Robert C Pullar
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - David M Tobaldi
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Clara Piccirillo
- CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology, Campus Ecoteckne, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Maria M Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Torres FG, Troncoso OP, Pisani A, Gatto F, Bardi G. Natural Polysaccharide Nanomaterials: An Overview of Their Immunological Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5092. [PMID: 31615111 PMCID: PMC6834193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural occurring polymers, or biopolymers, represent a huge part of our planet biomass. They are formed by long chains of monomers of the same type or a combination of different ones. Polysaccharides are biopolymers characterized by complex secondary structures performing several roles in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Because of their versatility and biodegradability, some of them are extensively used for packaging, food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries as sustainable and renewable materials. In the recent years, their manipulation at the nanometric scale enormously increased the range of potential applications, boosting an interdisciplinary research attempt to exploit all the potential advantages of nanostructured polysaccharides. Biomedical investigation mainly focused on nano-objects aimed at drug delivery, tissue repair, and vaccine adjuvants. The achievement of all these applications requires the deep knowledge of polysaccharide nanomaterials' interactions with the immune system, which orchestrates the biological response to any foreign substance entering the body. In the present manuscript we focused on natural polysaccharides of high commercial importance, namely, starch, cellulose, chitin, and its deacetylated form chitosan, as well as the seaweed-derived carrageenan and alginate. We reviewed the available information on their biocompatibility, highlighting the importance of their physicochemical feature at the nanoscale for the modulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando G Torres
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 32, Peru.
| | - Omar P Troncoso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 32, Peru.
| | - Anissa Pisani
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31,16146 Genova, Italy.
| | - Francesca Gatto
- Drug Discovery and Development Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Bardi
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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Damiani E, Puglia C. Nanocarriers and Microcarriers for Enhancing the UV Protection of Sunscreens: An Overview. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3769-3780. [PMID: 31521640 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses a major question of importance to pharmaceutical scientists: how can novel drug delivery systems play a role in maximizing the UV protection of sunscreens? Because more and more people are being diagnosed with skin cancer each year than all other cancers combined, adequate sun protective measures are pivotal. In this context, the present review is to give an up-to-date overview on the different nanocarrier systems that have been explored so far for encapsulating different types of UV filters present on the market. The aim of these carrier systems is to prevent skin penetration and to enhance the photoprotective potential of sunscreen actives. For each supramolecular system, a brief description along with the studies, achievements, and pitfalls, on the type of UV actives inside them, ranging from classical UV filters to new generation of UV actives is given. A brief overview of UV filters encapsulated in microcarriers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Carmelo Puglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Chen HW, Chou YS, Young TH, Cheng NC. Inhibition of melanin synthesis and melanosome transfer by chitosan biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1239-1250. [PMID: 31436375 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Decreasing skin pigmentation is desirable for various medical or cosmetic conditions. Although numerous pharmaceutical agents are currently available, their depigmentation effects are still not satisfactory. In this study, we investigated the effects of chitosan, a natural marine product, on melanin synthesis and melanosome transfer. Treating B16F10 melanoma cells caused the inhibitory effect of chitosan on melanogenesis to be more prominent under α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulation. Chitosan samples of different molecular weights inhibited melanogenesis to a comparable extent, whereas increasing the deacetylation of chitosan enhanced its depigmentation effects. Chitosan was found to effectively reduce basal or α-MSH-stimulated melanogenesis by suppressing the expression of melanogenic-related proteins (microphthalmia transcription factor, tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related protein-1 and protein-2) as well as inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of chitosan on melanogenesis in human melanocytes was confirmed. A transwell coculture system using permeable inserts was designed to allow the contact of human melanocytes and human HaCaT keratinocytes through the tiny holes on the membrane. When chitosan was added to this melanocyte-keratinocyte coculture system, we observed decreased melanosome release from melanocytes. Reduced melanosome uptake by keratinocytes was also observed, and was probably mediated by inhibiting protease-activated receptor 2 expression. Many skin-whitening agents can modulate the process of melanogenesis, but few have been shown to inhibit the melanosome transfer and uptake process. We demonstrated that chitosan exhibits a robust effect on depigmentation by inhibiting melanogenesis as well as melanosome transfer and uptake. Therefore, chitosan represents a potential therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Shuan Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Afonso C, Hirano R, Gaspar A, Chagas E, Carvalho R, Silva F, Leonardi G, Lopes P, Silva C, Yoshida C. Biodegradable antioxidant chitosan films useful as an anti-aging skin mask. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:1262-1273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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18
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Cohen E, Merzendorfer H. Chitin/Chitosan: Versatile Ecological, Industrial, and Biomedical Applications. EXTRACELLULAR SUGAR-BASED BIOPOLYMERS MATRICES 2019; 12. [PMCID: PMC7115017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chitin is a linear polysaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine, which is highly abundant in nature and mainly produced by marine crustaceans. Chitosan is obtained by hydrolytic deacetylation. Both polysaccharides are renewable resources, simply and cost-effectively extracted from waste material of fish industry, mainly crab and shrimp shells. Research over the past five decades has revealed that chitosan, in particular, possesses unique and useful characteristics such as chemical versatility, polyelectrolyte properties, gel- and film-forming ability, high adsorption capacity, antimicrobial and antioxidative properties, low toxicity, and biocompatibility and biodegradability features. A plethora of chemical chitosan derivatives have been synthesized yielding improved materials with suggested or effective applications in water treatment, biosensor engineering, agriculture, food processing and storage, textile additives, cosmetics fabrication, and in veterinary and human medicine. The number of studies in this research field has exploded particularly during the last two decades. Here, we review recent advances in utilizing chitosan and chitosan derivatives in different technical, agricultural, and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephraim Cohen
- Department of Entomology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hans Merzendorfer
- School of Science and Technology, Institute of Biology – Molecular Biology, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
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Modification of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle by long chain pyridinium compounds: Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 208:477-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Cosmetics and Cosmeceutical Applications of Chitin, Chitosan and Their Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020213. [PMID: 30966249 PMCID: PMC6414895 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine resources are well recognized for their biologically active substances with great potential applications in the cosmeceutical industry. Among the different compounds with a marine origin, chitin and its deacetylated derivative—chitosan—are of great interest to the cosmeceutical industry due to their unique biological and technological properties. In this review, we explore the different functional roles of chitosan as a skin care and hair care ingredient, as an oral hygiene agent and as a carrier for active compounds, among others. The importance of the physico-chemical properties of the polymer in its use in cosmetics are particularly highlighted. Moreover, we analyse the market perspectives of this polymer and the presence in the market of chitosan-based products.
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21
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Zhang S, Wang W, Chen T. Preparation and Characterization of PMMA Particles Incorporating a Chemical Sunscreen Agent for Improvement of UV Protection Ability. Aust J Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/ch17572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
UV protection ability is an important concern in the application of sunscreen. Modifying well-known UV filters is one of the most important ways to develop sunscreens. In this study, poly(methyl methacrylate)–ethylhexyl salicylate (PMMA-EHS) particles were prepared via miniemulsion polymerization using a redox initiator at low temperature. Compared with free EHS, the sun protection factor (SPF) value of PMMA-EHS particles was increased by ~40 %, which indicated a significant improvement in UV protection ability from encapsulating EHS in PMMA. Prepared PMMA-EHS particles proved non-leaky in application and can greatly reduce skin irritation by preventing direct contact of EHS with skin.
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Surface Modification of Poly(lactic acid) Fabrics with Plasma Pretreatment and Chitosan/Siloxane Polyesters Coating for Color Strength Improvement. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9080371. [PMID: 30971048 PMCID: PMC6418909 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As people in the 21st century become increasingly environmentally aware, environmentally friendly products have come into focus. As such, environmentally friendly textiles and eco-textiles have become an international trend in research and development. Poly(lactic acid) fiber, which is biodegradable, holds much promise, but it is difficult to deep dye. This study used chitosan, succine anhydride, siloxane, and polyethylene glycol to produce a series of chitosan/siloxane polyesters that have a hydrophilic component (chitosan) and a hydrophobic component (siloxane), and this chitosan/siloxane polyester can be coated on poly(lactic acid) fiber, which we had subjected to Argon plasma treatment to increase their antimicrobial properties and to increase the fibers dyeing efficiency. The study shows that, after the surface plasma treatment, longer PEG chain lengths resulted in higher K/S values. This result suggests that the surface plasma pretreatment and chitosan/siloxane polyesters coating showed that lower ∆E values result in more leveling dyeing of poly(lactic acid) fiber.
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Chaouat C, Balayssac S, Malet-Martino M, Belaubre F, Questel E, Schmitt AM, Poigny S, Franceschi S, Perez E. Green microparticles based on a chitosan/lactobionic acid/linoleic acid association. Characterisation and evaluation as a new carrier system for cosmetics. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:162-170. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1311956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Chaouat
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Balayssac
- Laboratoire SPCMIB, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - F. Belaubre
- Laboratoire Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - E. Questel
- Laboratoire Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - A. M. Schmitt
- Laboratoire Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Poigny
- Laboratoire Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Franceschi
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - E. Perez
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Novel biocomposite of carboxymethyl chitosan and pineapple peel carboxymethylcellulose as sunscreen carrier. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:873-880. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Yang C. Synthesis and properties of feruloyl corn bran arabinoxylan esters. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 38:238-45. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Li
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
| | - C. Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; Wuxi 214122 China
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Trifković K, Milašinović N, Djordjević V, Zdunić G, Kalagasidis Krušić M, Knežević-Jugović Z, Šavikin K, Nedović V, Bugarski B. Chitosan crosslinked microparticles with encapsulated polyphenols: Water sorption and release properties. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:618-31. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215598940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan–glutaraldehyde microparticles were produced by emulsion crosslinking method to be used as drug delivery system for polyphenols from Thymus serpyllum L. aqueous extract. The effect of preparation conditions, chitosan concentration (1.5–3% w/v), and glutaraldehyde/chitosan (GA/Ch) mass ratio (0.15–1.20) on water and polyphenols transport properties was investigated. Swelling ratio of dry particles (68–230 µm) in water ranged from 280% to 530%, depending on the formulation. The decrease in swelling was observed with increased GA/Ch mass ratio (i.e. crosslinking degree) at the same chitosan concentration, or with increased chitosan concentration at the same GA/Ch mass ratio. The increase in GA/Ch mass ratio was also manifested by increased particle compactness i.e. decreased size and reduced surface roughness. The sorption capacity for polyphenols seems to be a complex interplay of swelling behaviour and interactions chitosan–glutaraldehyde–polyphenols identified by Fourier transmission infrared analysis. An increase in crystallinity of chitosan was observed upon crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and encapsulation of polyphenols, as observed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The results obtained from release kinetics of selected polyphenolic compounds (caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, total flavonoids, and total phenol content) showed that polyphenols were released at a lower amount (2–4 times) in water, but more rapidly (45–120 min) in comparison with the release in gastric followed by intestinal simulated fluid (SGF-SIF) (120–240 min). The experimental results of the time-dependent swelling in water and polyphenols release in both, water and SGF-SIF, were analyzed with several mathematical models. The results depicted Fickian diffusion as the water transport mechanism. In the case of polyphenols, only empirical Weibull model could be suggested for describing release kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Trifković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Milašinović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- The Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Department of Forensics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Djordjević
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Zdunić
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Katarina Šavikin
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Viktor Nedović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Bugarski
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zargar V, Asghari M, Dashti A. A Review on Chitin and Chitosan Polymers: Structure, Chemistry, Solubility, Derivatives, and Applications. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Monti D, Chetoni P, Burgalassi S, Tampucci S, Centini M, Anselmi C. 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor microspheres: reconstituted epidermis (Skinethic®) permeation and distribution. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:298-305. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Monti
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - P. Chetoni
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - S. Burgalassi
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - S. Tampucci
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Pisa; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - M. Centini
- Department of Biotechnology; Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Siena; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
| | - C. Anselmi
- Department of Biotechnology; Chemistry and Pharmacy; University of Siena; via Aldo Moro 53100 Siena Italy
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Mesoporous silica aerogel as a drug carrier for the enhancement of the sunscreen ability of benzophenone-3. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 115:191-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Blasi P, Schoubben A, Giovagnoli S, Rossi C, Ricci M. The real value of novel particulate carriers for sunscreen formulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.11.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Freitas F, Alves VD, Reis MAM. Bacterial Polysaccharides: Production and Applications in Cosmetic Industry. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_63-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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33
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Microencapsulation with chitosan by spray drying for industry applications – A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Chaiyasan W, Srinivas SP, Tiyaboonchai W. Mucoadhesive chitosan-dextran sulfate nanoparticles for sustained drug delivery to the ocular surface. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29:200-7. [PMID: 23356788 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2012.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize nanoparticles produced by self-assembly of oppositely charged polymers, cationic chitosan (CS), and anionic dextran sulfate (DS), for drug delivery to the ocular surface. The goal is to overcome the short residence time of topical drugs through their sustained release from mucoadhesive nanoparticles. METHODS Chitosan-dextran sulfate nanoparticles (CDNs) were produced by mixing CS and DS; polyethylene glycol-400 was used as a surface stabilizing agent. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of CS, DS, and CDNs were determined in the wavenumber range of 4,000-700 cm(-1) to assess the ionic interactions in the formation of CDNs. The physicochemical properties, entrapment efficacy, and dissolution profile of CDNs were investigated using Rhodamine B (RhB) and Nile Red (NR) as drug analogs. The mucoadhesiveness of the CDNs was assessed by imaging the retention of the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled CDNs on the cornea ex vivo, which was subjected to shear stress by a steady stream of saline solution. RESULTS CDNs were obtained by the polyelectrolyte complexation technique. The FTIR spectra of CDNs showed spectral shifts in the amine and sulfate regions, confirming an involvement of electrostatic interactions between cationic CS and anionic DS. The CDNs were spherical in shape and segregated. They possessed a particle size of ~400 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.3 and exhibited a zeta potential of ~40 mV. A high entrapment efficacy of up to 80% was observed with both RhB and NR. In the dissolution experiments, NR was released from CDNs within 60 min, but RhB was not released. This indicates that the release of drugs could depend on their molecular interactions with the particle. Exposure of CDNs to lysozyme, which is found in tears, had no effect on the mean particle size or the surface charge. Instillation of NR, RhB, and FITC in the presence of saline irrigation resulted in their rapid disappearance (<5 min) from the corneal surface. In contrast, fluorescent CDNs showed retention on the cornea even after 60 min. CONCLUSIONS Cationic and biocompatible mucoadhesive CDNs have been developed for sustained drug delivery to the ocular surface. The CDNs were stable to lysozyme and showed prolonged adherence to the corneal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanachat Chaiyasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Evaluation of cross-linked chitosan microparticles containing metronidazole for periodontitis treatment. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012; 33:1197-202. [PMID: 23827560 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to find the optimal formulation for the preparation of metronidazole-loaded chitosan microparticles (MTZ-MPs) via an emulsion cross-linking process, and to compare the in vitro release of MTZ from hydrogels and films containing the drug in forms of MTZ-MPs and raw powders. The effects of emulsifier type and concentration, amount of cross-linking agent, cross-linking time, drug:chitosan ratio, form of drug adding and washing method on the properties of the MTZ-MPs were investigated. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for round and free-flowing MTZ-MPs with a high percentage of entrapped drug and preferable release profile were 1% of Span80 in soybean oil, 5% of glutaraldehyde based on chitosan solution, 30 min of cross-linking time, 1:1 drug:chitosan ratio, drug adding in form of ethanol solution and washing with hexane only. MTZ-MPs prepared from the optimal formulation were incorporated in mucoadhesive hydrogel and film. The release profiles of the drug from hydrogel and film containing MTZ-MPs were in prolong pattern compared with those containing drug powders. However, the hydrogels exhibited higher preferable pattern of release profile than the films. Therefore, the hydrogel containing MTZ-MPs was possible to be further clinically investigated for peridontitis treatment.
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36
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Jătariu (Cadinoiu) AN, Holban MN, Peptu CA, Sava A, Costuleanu M, Popa M. Double crosslinked interpenetrated network in nanoparticle form for drug targeting—Preparation, characterization and biodistribution studies. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Sezer AD, Cevher E. Topical drug delivery using chitosan nano- and microparticles. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:1129-46. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.702752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Kidsaneepoiboon P, Wanichwecharungruang SP, Chooppawa T, Deephum R, Panyathanmaporn T. Organic–inorganic hybrid polysilsesquioxane nanospheres as UVA/UVB absorber and fragrance carrier. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04271d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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40
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Gomaa YA, Darwish IA, Boraei NA, El-Khordagui LK. Formulation of wax oxybenzone microparticles using a factorial approach. J Microencapsul 2010; 27:628-39. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2010.506580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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41
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Labouta HI, El-Khordagui LK. Polymethacrylate Microparticles Gel for Topical Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2010; 27:2106-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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