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Ji H, Ma W, Zheng A, Tang D. The role and molecular mechanism of Trametes Robiniophila Murr(Huaier) in tumor therapy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118578. [PMID: 39004194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trametes Robiniophila Murr, commonly known as Huaier, has been extensively documented in ethnopharmacology research in China. Huaier has a long history of clinical usage spanning over 1000 years in China. Traditional clinical application records demonstrate the wide utilization of Huaier for treating various cancers and enhancing the autoimmunity of tumor patients. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present study provides a comprehensive review of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, anti-tumor mechanism, and potential applications of Huaier, thereby offering valuable insights for the further development and utilization of this natural product. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study employed the keywords "Trametes Robiniophila Murr" and "Huaier" to retrieve relevant information on Huaier from various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Science Direct, ACS, Wiley, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar, and ancient materia medica. RESULTS Trametes Robiniophila Murr (Huaier), a traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated significant efficacy in the clinical treatment of various tumors. The primary bioactive constituents of Huaier consist of fungal-derived compounds, including polysaccharides, proteins, ketones, alkaloids, and minerals. The research findings demonstrate that Huaier serves as a reliable adjunctive therapeutic agent by effectively inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, suppressing tumor metastasis, regulating tumor stem cells and immune function. Therefore, it exerts a potent anti-tumor effect when used in conjunction with conventional anti-cancer therapies. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of traditional uses, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological activity reveals that Huaier exhibits significant potential as a medicinal plant with diverse pharmacological effects. Owing to its numerous advantages, Huaier holds immense promise for application in the domains of tumor prevention and treatment, enhancing both survival time and quality of life among cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ji
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
| | - Aiyu Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, 225400, China.
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital; Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University; The Yangzhou Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University; The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Dalian Medical University; The Yangzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University; Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
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Cong L, Shi J, Zhao J, Li K, Dai D, Zhang B, Zhao W. Huaier inhibits cholangiocarcinoma cells through the twist1/FBP1/Wnt/β-catenin axis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:842. [PMID: 39042261 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Huaier granules can be used as prospective anti-cholangiocarcinoma drugs, the mechanism of action of Huaier granules in cholangiocarcinoma is not clear. The anti-cholangiocarcinoma effect of Huaier granules was validated in cell line research. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the signalling pathways affected by Huaier in CCA cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Real-time quantitative PCR (RT‒qPCR) and Western blot analysis were performed to analyse gene expression in CCA cells. MTT assays, scratch tests, and Transwell assays were used to explore the effects on the proliferation and metastasis of CCA cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to reveal the potential underlying mechanisms involved. Twist1 was upregulated in human CCA tissues. In addition, its expression levels were negatively related to FBP1 expression levels. Mechanistically, Twist1 can bind to the region of the FBP1 promoter to reduce its expression. Huaier plays an indispensable role in suppressing Twist1 expression to inhibit the Twist1/FBP1/Wnt/β-catenin axis. Then, we verified the effect of Huaier in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that Huaier granules were capable of inhibiting CCA development through regulating the Twist1/FBP1/Wnt/β-catenin signalling axis and provided a novel orientation for the development of novel anti-CCA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Cong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China.
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Xie K, Ma M, Xu F. Long-term oral administration of Huaier granules improves survival outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients within Milan criteria following microwave ablation: a propensity score matching and stabilized inverse probability weighting analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1336347. [PMID: 38774215 PMCID: PMC11106438 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1336347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of Huaier granules on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria in patients who underwent microwave ablation (MWA). Materials and methods A total of 228 patients were included, with 97 in the Huaier group and 131 in the control group. We evaluated progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and extrahepatic metastasis survival (EMS) using Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves with a log-rank test. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Stabilized Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) were performed to minimize selection and confounding biases. Results Following PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS rates in the Huaier and control groups were 83.5% vs 70.7%, 57.7% vs 42.6%, and 43.6% vs 31.9% (p = 0.030), respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 98.9% vs 95.6%, 83.9% vs 72.3%, and 72.2% vs 53.7% (p = 0.023), respectively. The corresponding 1-, 3-, and 5-year EMS rates were 98.9% vs 93.4%, 91.7% vs 83.7%, and 91.7% vs 78.5% (p = 0.039), respectively. Stabilized IPTW analysis of KM curves yielded results similar to those of the PSM analysis. Additionally, administering Huaier granules for at least 6 months significantly improved PFS and OS. Conclusion Huaier granules can reduce the risk of recurrence and improve the OS of patients with HCC within the Milan criteria following MWA. Administering Huaier granules for over 6 months proved beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Tang YF, Xie WY, Wu HY, Guo HX, Wei FH, Ren WZ, Gao W, Yuan B. Huaier Polysaccharide Alleviates Dextran Sulphate Sodium Salt-Induced Colitis by Inhibiting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress, Maintaining the Intestinal Barrier, and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:1368. [PMID: 38732614 PMCID: PMC11085394 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing annually, and UC has a serious impact on patients' lives. Polysaccharides have gained attention as potential drug candidates for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) in recent years. Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr) is a fungus that has been used clinically for more than 1000 years, and its bioactive polysaccharide components have been reported to possess immunomodulatory effects, antitumour potential, and renoprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the protective effects and mechanisms of Huaier polysaccharide (HP) against UC. Based on the H2O2-induced oxidative stress model in HT-29 cells and the dextran sulphate sodium salt (DSS)-induced UC model, we demonstrated that Huaier polysaccharides significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis (weight loss, elevated disease activity index (DAI) scores, and colonic shortening). In addition, HP inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation and alleviated DSS-induced intestinal barrier damage. It also significantly promoted the expression of the mucin Muc2. Furthermore, HP reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria Escherichia-Shigella and promoted the abundance of beneficial bacteria Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Anaerotruncus, and Ruminococcaceae_unclassified to regulate the intestinal flora disturbance caused by DSS. Nontargeted metabolomics revealed that HP intervention would modulate metabolism by promoting levels of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). These results demonstrated that HP had the ability to mitigate DSS-induced UC by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, maintaining the intestinal barrier, and modulating the intestinal flora. These findings will expand our knowledge of how HP functions and offer a theoretical foundation for using HP as a potential prebiotic to prevent UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Tang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Wen-Yin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Hong-Yu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Hai-Xiang Guo
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Fan-Hao Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Wen-Zhi Ren
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
| | - Wei Gao
- Changchun National Experimental Animal Center, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (Y.-F.T.); (W.-Y.X.); (H.-Y.W.); (H.-X.G.); (F.-H.W.); (W.-Z.R.)
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Luo KF, Zhou LX, Wu ZW, Tian Y, Jiang J, Wang MH. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications of huaier in breast cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1269096. [PMID: 38313074 PMCID: PMC10836597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1269096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignant tumors today and represents a serious health risk for women. Although the survival rate and quality of life of patients with breast cancer are improving with the continuous development of medical technology, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance of breast cancer remain a significant problem. Huaier, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fungus, is a type of Sophora embolism fungus growing on old Sophora stems. The polysaccharides of Trametes robiniophila Murr (PS-T) are the main active ingredient of Huaier. There is increasing evidence that Huaier has great potential in breast cancer treatment, and its anti-cancer mechanism may be related to a variety of biological activities, such as the inhibition of cell proliferation, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, the promotion of cancer cell death, and regulation of tumor-specific immunity. There is growing evidence that Huaier may be effective in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. This review systematically summarizes the basic and clinical studies on the use of Huaier in the treatment of breast cancer, providing useful information to guide the clinical application of Huaier and future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-fei Luo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin-xi Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zi-wei Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-hao Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li H, You J, Wei Y, Zheng L, Yang J, Xu J, Li Y, Li Z, Yang X, Yi C. Huaier improves the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 Ab in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor immune microenvironment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155189. [PMID: 37984124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination therapy is an effective method for augmenting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Huaier is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine with substantial antitumor effects. The combination of Huaier and ICIs may increase the efficacy of ICIs against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The major components of Huaier were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimal antitumor dose of Huaier was investigated in H22-bearing mice. Next, Huaier was combined with anti-CD8α antibody (Ab) or anti-PD-L1 Ab to observe the antitumor effect. The safety of these combination drugs was evaluated through blood biochemical tests and hematoxylin and eosin staining of histological sections. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and transcriptome sequencing were performed to investigate the potential action mechanism of anti-PD-L1 Ab combined with Huaier against HCC. RESULTS HPLC-MS/MS identified 333 components of Huaier, including carboxylic acids and derivatives, thienothiophenes, phenols, flavonoids and so on. Huaier exhibited significant antitumor effects, with the strongest effect noted at a dose of 4 g/kg. Huaier boosted CD8+ T cells infiltration into the tumor. Next, CD8+ T cells were depleted by with anti-CD8α Ab, and the antitumor effect of Huaier was suppressed. Flow cytometry results revealed that CD8+ T cells were reduced in the Huaier+anti-CD8α Ab group, with the antitumor effect of this group being inhibited. This indicated that CD8+ T cells were key players in the antitumor activity of Huaier. Meanwhile, Huaier inhibited microvessel density (MVD), downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and upregulated PD-L1 in tumor tissues. Finally, Huaier combined with anti-PD-L1 Ab exhibited a greater antitumor effect in the H22-bearing mice. And the results of liver and kidney function tests and histological section analysis unveiled that the safety of these drugs was excellent. According to the transcriptome sequencing results, Huaier combined with anti-PD-L1 Ab possibly exerted anti-HCC effects through immunomodulation, immune response, and so on. CONCLUSIONS Huaier exhibited a significant antitumor effect. It promoted CD8+ T cells infiltration, upregulated PD-L1 expression, downregulated VEGFA expression, and inhibited MVD, thereby playing a significant antitumor immunoregulatory effect. The combination of Huaier and anti-PD-L1 Ab has significant antitumor effects, and this regimen has good safety. Therefore, Huaier combined with anti-PD-L1 Ab is a promising therapeutic approach against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia You
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lingnan Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ju Yang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaojun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Cheng Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Huang X, Li S, Ding R, Li Y, Li C, Gu R. Antitumor effects of polysaccharides from medicinal lower plants: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126313. [PMID: 37579902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, yet the drugs currently approved for cancer treatment are associated with significant side effects, making it urgent to develop alternative drugs with low side effects. Polysaccharides are natural polymers with ketone or aldehyde groups, which are widely found in plants and have various biological activities such as immunomodulation, antitumor and hypolipidemic. The lower plants have attracted much attention for their outstanding anticancer effects, and many studies have shown that medicinal lower plant polysaccharides (MLPPs) have antitumor activity against various cancers and are promising alternatives with potential development in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Therefore, this review describes the structure and mechanism of action of MLPPs with antitumor activity. In addition, the application of MLPPs in cancer treatment is discussed, and the future development of MLPPs is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Canlin Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Long H, Wu Z. Immunoregulatory effects of Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr) and relevant clinical applications. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147098. [PMID: 37449208 PMCID: PMC10337589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Huaier (Trametes robiniophila Murr) is a medicinal fungus of traditional Chinese medicine with more than 1000 years of history of clinical application. Its remarkable anticancer activities has led to its application in treating diverse malignancies. In recent years, the immunomodulatory effects of Huaier have been uncovered and proved to be beneficial in a plethora of immune-related diseases including cancer, nephropathy, asthma, etc. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the active components of Huaier, its regulatory activities on multifaceted aspects of the immune system, its application in various clinical settings as well as toxicologic evidence. Based on currently available literature, Huaier possesses broad-spectrum regulatory activities on various components of the innate and adaptive immune system, including macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, T and B lymphocytes, etc. Versatile immunologic reactions are under the regulation of Huaier from expression of damage-associated molecular patterns, immune cell activation and maturation to cell proliferation, differentiation, antibody production, expression of cytokines and chemokines and terminal intracellular signal transduction. Moreover, some modulatory activities of Huaier might be context-dependent, typically promoting the restoration toward normal physiological status. With excellent efficacy and minimal side effects, we foresee more extensive application of Huaier for treating immune-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrong Long
- Department of cardiac function, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongcai Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Investigation of the Active Compounds and Important Pathways of Huaiqihuang Granule for the Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:5984361. [PMID: 36660453 PMCID: PMC9845056 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5984361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials and Methods Compounds of HQHG were scanned by LC-MS/MS, and the target profiles of compounds were identified based on SwissTarget Prediction. ITP target proteins were collected from various databases. Then, KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analyses were performed to explore the signaling pathways related to HQHG for ITP. The PPI and drug-herbs-compounds-targets-pathways network were constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Finally, Discovery studio software was used to confirm the key targets and active compounds from HQHG. Results A total of 187 interacting targets of 19 potentially active compounds in HQHG and 3837 ITP-related targets were collected. Then, 187 intersection targets were obtained. A total of 20 key targets including EGFR, CASP3, TNF, STAT3, and ERBB2 were identified through PPI network analysis. These targets were mainly focused on the biological processes of positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, cellular response to organonitrogen compound, and cellular response to nitrogen compound. 20 possible pathways of HQHG in the treatment of ITP were identified through KEGG enrichment. EGFR, CASP3, TNF, and STAT3 are the four most important target proteins, while adenosine, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin-3β-D-glucoside, rutin, scopoletin, and tianshic acid are the most important active compounds, which were validated by molecular docking simulation. Conclusion This study demonstrated that HQHG produced relief effects against ITP by regulating multitargets and multipathways with multicompounds. And the combined data provide novel insight of drug developing for ITP.
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis to Explore the Mechanism of Huaiqihuang-Mediated Alleviation of Henoch–Schönlein Purpura Nephritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2798217. [PMID: 36389115 PMCID: PMC9652090 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2798217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objective Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is considered a major cause of chronic renal failure and is the most common secondary glomerular disease in children. Huaiqihuang (HQH), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, exhibits therapeutic effects against HSPN in clinical practice. However, the potential molecular targets and mechanisms underlying HSPN treatment remain unclear. Methods By constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, core targets related to HQH and HSPN were identified. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were analyzed to identify the main pathways related to HSPN based on the core targets. To screen the main active ingredients of HQH against HSPN, an ingredient-target-pathway network was constructed using the top 10 main pathways associated with HSPN. Then, molecular docking was performed to explore the interactions and binding patterns between molecules and proteins. Results Clinical data showed that HQH combined with conventional medicine significantly reduced 24-hour urine protein excretion, urine microalbumin levels, and erythrocyte counts in the urine sediment of HSPN patients. By constructing PPI models, 15 potential core targets were identified. The top 10 main pathways showed higher enrichment ratios, including the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and signaling pathways related to NOD-like receptor, IL-17, etc. Through the ingredient-target-pathway network and molecular docking, we revealed that five active ingredients of HQH had good affinities with three core targets, AKT1, MMP9, and SERPINE1, which may be vital in treating HSPN. Conclusions The study preliminarily explored the active ingredients, targets, and pathways involved in HQH therapy for HSPN. The mechanism of HQH therapy may be attributed to the modulation of inflammatory response, immune response, and oxidative stress. Combined with clinical data, our results indicate that HQH is highly effective in treating HSPN.
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Zhu Z, Wang X, Zhang W, Gong M, Zhang S, Yang B, Qu B, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z, Qian W. Huaier suppresses pancreatic cancer progression via activating cell autophagy induced ferroptosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960858. [PMID: 36248959 PMCID: PMC9561879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The anti-tumour effect of Huaier has been demonstrated in a variety of tumours. Ferroptosis is a newly identified type of programmed cell death accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron in cells and plays a key role in the therapeutic process against malignant tumours. We aimed to explore the potential therapeutic role of Huaier in pancreatic cancer and uncover the relationship between Huaier and ferroptosis. Methods CCK8 and colony formation assays were used to determine the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells (PCs). The levels of cellular ROS were analysed by a fluorescence probe, and the accumulation of cellular iron was showed by Prussian blue staining. The autophagosomes and mitochondrial morphology were characterised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The levels of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation were measured by the corresponding kits. Results The growth inhibitory effect of Huaier on PCs was concentration- and time-dependent, but this effect was significantly attenuated by ferroptosis inhibitors. In addition, Huaier effectively inhibited the GSH–GPX4 antioxidation system and resulted in the massive accumulation of ROS in PCs As shown by TEM, Huaier-treated PCs exhibited a decrease in mitochondrial cristae and a smaller mitochondrion, accompanied by an increase in autophagosomes. Indeed, we found that autophagy can induce ferroptosis in PCs and that Huaier-induced ferroptosis can be suppressed by the autophagosome inhibitor, Wortmannin. Conclusion Huaier can activate ferroptosis by inducing autophagy in PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xueni Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wunai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Simei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bolun Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Wang, ; Weikun Qian,
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Pancreatic Disease Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Wang, ; Weikun Qian,
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Suo H, Hochnadel I, Petriv N, Franke R, Schmidt J, Limanska N, Tugai A, Jedicke N, Broenstrup M, Manns MP, Yevsa T. Elucidating the mechanism behind and investigating the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Tibetan Medicine in combination with standard therapeutics in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906468. [PMID: 36172191 PMCID: PMC9511410 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated compounds of plant and mushroom origin belonging to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and to Traditional Tibetan Medicine (TTM): a sandy beige mushroom Trametes robiniophila Murr, commonly known as Huaier/TCM as well as Ershiwuwei Songshi Wan and Qiwei Honghua Shusheng Wan, which both belong to TTM. We aimed to study the efficacy of TTM and TCM in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in vitro. TCM and TTM were tested either as a monotherapy, or in combination with standard therapeutics: sorafenib for HCC treatment and gemcitabine for CCA. We also discovered a protective mechanism behind the most successful therapeutic combinations. The results demonstrated that TCM and TTM inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The results were compared to classical chemotherapeutics currently used in the clinic: sorafenib for HCC and gemcitabine for CCA. In HCC settings, a combination of Huaier (16 mg/ml) with half of the human plasma concentration of sorafenib, Qiwei Honghua Shusheng Wan (1 mg/ml) monotherapy as well as its combination with half or even a quarter dose of the human plasma concentration of sorafenib represented the most efficient treatments, inhibiting the growth of HCC cells more effectively than the standard therapy. The inhibitory mechanism relied on a strong induction of apoptosis. In CCA settings, Ershiwuwei Songshi Wan and Qiwei Honghua Shusheng Wan as monotherapies or in combination with very low doses of gemcitabine inhibited the growth of CCA cells more efficiently than the standard therapy. Importantly, Ershiwuwei Songshi Wan at the 8 and 16 mg/ml concentrations and Qiwei Honghua Shusheng Wan at the 4 mg/ml concentration were efficacious with gemcitabine applied at massively reduced concentrations. The protective mechanism in CCA relied on a strong induction of early and late apoptosis. Cellular senescence and necroptosis were not associated with protection against HCC/CCA. Combination therapy with TCM or TTM allowed for a dose reduction of standard chemotherapeutics. This is especially important as both chemotherapeutic drugs show strong side effects in patients. The reduction of chemotherapeutics and the synergistic effect observed while applying them in combination with TCM and TTM has strong perspectives for the clinic and patients suffering from HCC and CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Hochnadel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nataliia Petriv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Raimo Franke
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schmidt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nataliia Limanska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Microbiology, Virology and Biotechnology, Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University, Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Alisa Tugai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Jedicke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Broenstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael P. Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tetyana Yevsa,
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Li B, Cao Q, Liu Z. The treatment effects of Trametes Robiniophila Murr against colorectal cancer: A mini-review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:981516. [PMID: 35991644 PMCID: PMC9381862 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.981516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide disease threatening people's lives. Surgery and chemotherapy are still the main methods for CRC treatment. However, the side effects and chemotherapeutic drug resistance restrict the application of chemotherapy. Trametes Robiniophila Murr, also known as Huaier, is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for more than 1,600 years. Huaier extracts have promising anti-cancer effects on hepatoma, breast cancer, and gastric cancer. Nowadays, the tumor inhibition of Huaier on CRC has attracted more and more attention. This review mainly provides the possible anti-tumor mechanisms of Huaier for CRC treatment in apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells, preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), weakening proliferation and differentiation of CRC stem cells, decreasing the vessel density in tumor tissues, and enhancing the immune system and chemotherapeutic efficacy. Huaier extract may be a good candidate for CRC treatment, especially when combined with other chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Education, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhuo Liu
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Geng W, Tu C, Chen D, Lu Z, Mao W, Zhu H. Huaier attenuates the adverse effects of pyroptosis by regulating the methylation of rat mesangial cells: an in vitro study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:92. [PMID: 35351070 PMCID: PMC8966145 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pyroptosis is a highly programmed inflammatory cell death process that represents an innate immune response. In this study, the occurrence of pyroptosis in rat mesangial cells (RMCs) and the effect of Huaier (Trametes robiniophia Murr) on this process were investigated. Methods RMCs were incubated with OX7 antibodies (0.5 μg/ml, 2.5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml), normal rat serum (NRS) and Huaier (1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml). RMC morphology was observed under a light microscope and by immunofluorescence. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was assessed using the CytoTox 96 Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay Kit. Western blot assays were performed, and then the RMCs were incubated with the methylase DNMT3B and the demethylase 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. Results Morphological, LDH, immunofluorescence and western blot analyses showed that RMCs were lysed when stimulated with OX7 antibodies and NRS. RMC lysis released inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-18, interleukin-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and intracellular adhesion molecule-1), and Huaier protected RMCs by controlling lysis and the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Lysis was mediated by pyroptosis due to the positive expression of GSDME. The methylase DNMT3B reduced the expression of GSDME induced by OX7 together with NRS. Furthermore, Huaier significantly suppressed the expression of GSDME, which was increased by 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine. Conclusions Pyroptosis might occur in RMCs, and Huaier can protect RMCs by upregulating the methylation of a group of molecules. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03559-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Geng
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Can Tu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of nephrology, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Dahao Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China
| | - Wei Mao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, 111 Dade Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China.
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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Macrophage immunity promotion effect of polysaccharide LGP-1 from Guapian tea via PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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GPR30 Activation Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer and Plays a Significant Role in the Anti-GC Effect of Huaier. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2410530. [PMID: 35096058 PMCID: PMC8791733 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2410530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of cancer. The n-butanol extract of Huaier (NEH) is the alcohol-soluble part extracted by the systematic solvent method, which is effective against gastric cancer (GC). However, the mechanism of action of NEH remains unclear. In this study, we aim to evaluate the clinical relevance of GPR30 expression in GC patients and the role of the GPR30/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in the anti-GC effect of NEH. The expression of GPR30 was examined using immunohistochemistry. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, wound healing, and transwell experiments were used to investigate the viability, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of GPR30 and its downstream signalling molecules of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Gastric cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) mouse model was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of NEH in vivo. In addition, the graded doses and the maximum tolerated dose of NEH were administered intraperitoneally into the mice for acute toxicity test. We demonstrate that GPR30 expression in GC tissues was significantly higher than that in corresponding adjacent noncancerous tissues and the expression of GPR30 was correlated with a poor prognosis in GC patients. Moreover, GPR30 expression was involved in the migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro. Additionally, we found that NEH can suppress the growth of GC in patient-derived xenograft tumors in vivo. Furthermore, NEH inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion in GC cells in a concentration-dependent manner through inhibiting the GPR30-mediated PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in vitro. Acute toxicity test showed that NEH caused no toxic reaction or death and the maximum tolerated dose of NEH in mice was greater than 1600 mg/kg. Our results demonstrate that the high expression of GPR30 is an independent factor of poor prognosis in patients with GC and NEH could be a new agent for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Chen J, Chen S, Zhou Y, Wang S, Wu W. Efficacy and Safety of Huaier Granule as an Adjuvant Therapy for Cancer: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221083910. [PMID: 35245981 PMCID: PMC8902013 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221083910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In China, Huaier granule (HG) is widely applied to tumor adjuvant therapy. However, systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses (MAs) published continuously failed to reach a consensus, without convincing evidence. An overview should be conducted to summarize the evidence-based progress and try to provide some value references for relative research and clinical practice in the future. Methods: From inception to October 2021, 8 databases in English and Chinese were searched. SRs/MAs meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Relevant criteria were used to evaluate SRs/MAs including methodological quality, reporting quality, risk of bias, and evidence quality of effect and safety. Results: The short-term effect, long-term effect, and safety in 6 included SRs/MAs were assessed in this overview according to quantitative synthesis. Results assessed by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and ROBIS were generally unsatisfactory with the main problems on registration or protocol, a search of grey literature, a list of excluded studies, bias of each synthetic result, and inadequate report of search strategy and synthesis methods. Additionally, 28 items were assessed as moderate quality while 12 items were low-quality and 6 items were very low-quality in GRADE. Risk of bias was the main downgrading factor. Conclusion: HG may be a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer. However, high-quality SRs/MAs and RCTs should be conducted to provide sufficient evidence so as to draw a definitive conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yushu Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Sumei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-HongKong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Yu XL, Zhang J, Cheng ZG, Han ZY, Liu FY, Dou JP, Kong Y, Dong XJ, Zhao QX, Yu J, Liang P, Tang WZ. Huaier granule prevents the recurrence of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma after thermal ablation: A cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114539. [PMID: 34428522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clinical trials have demonstrated that Trametes robinophila Murr (Huaier granule) can inhibit recurrence and metastasis after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection, but its efficacy as an adjuvant therapy after thermal ablation of early HCC is unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To analyze the prognostic value and side effects of Huaier granules in HCC patients undergoing thermal ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical information from 340 eligible subjects with early-stage HCC who were admitted to our department from September 1, 2008 to January 1, 2019 was extracted from the electronic medical record database. They were divided into the thermal ablation + TCM group and the thermal ablation group. Differences in their overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), extrahepatic metastatic rate (EMR), and therapeutic side effects (TSEs) between the two groups were compared. Beneficiaries of the integrated treatment and adequate treatment length were predicted. RESULTS The median follow-up was 32.5 months (range 2-122 months). The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates in the integrated treatment group and the control group were 93.2% vs. 92.6%, 54.5% vs. 51.4%, 23.5% vs. 19.7% (p = 0.110, HR 0.76(0.54-1.07)). The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year PFS rates were 78.8% vs. 69.4%, 50.6% vs. 40.6%, 35.3% vs. 26.5%, respectively (p = 0.020, HR 0.67(0.48-0.94)). The median OS (35 vs. 31 months) and PFS (24 vs. 12.5 months) were longer in the integrated treatment group. The EMR in the integrated treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p = 0.018, HR 0.49 (0.27-0.89)). Patients with any two of the following three factors might be predicted to be beneficiaries of the integrated treatment, including younger than 65 years (p =0.039, HR 0.70 (0.50-0.98)), single tumor (p = 0.035, HR 0.70 (0.50-0.98), and tumor size ≤3 cm (p = 0.029, HR 0.69 (0.50-0.96). Patients with continuous oral administration of TCM following ablation had a lower probability of recurrence and metastasis within 2 years (p = 0.015, HR 0.67 (0.49-0.93)). Although the integrated treatment group reported a higher incidence of nausea and emesis, there were no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION TCM following ablation may prolong PFS and suppress recurrence in patients with HCC, with continuous oral administration for more than 2 years maybe experience a greater benefit. The TSEs of the treatment are mild and can be tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China; Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Cheng
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Han
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Fang-Yi Liu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jian-Ping Dou
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yi Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Postgraduate Medical School, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, 272000, PR China
| | - Xue-Juan Dong
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Qin-Xian Zhao
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Wei-Zhong Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China; Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, PR China.
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Jiang F, Ding Y, Tian Y, Yang R, Quan M, Tong Z, Zhang X, Luo D, Chi Z, Liu C. Hydrolyzed low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera exhibits high anti-inflammatory activity and promotes wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 133:112637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Hafez HG, Mohareb RM, Salem SM, Matloub AA, Eskander EF, Ahmed HH. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Breast Cancer Stem Cell Activity of Pterocladia capillacea and Corallina officinalis Polysaccharides. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1213-1225. [PMID: 34315394 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210727122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to appraise the activity of Pterocladia capillacea and Corallina officinalis polysaccharides against breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). P. capillacea and C. officinalis polysaccharides were characterized to be sulfated polysaccharide-protein complexes. METHODS Cytotoxicity of the polysaccharides against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines along with their impact on CD44+/CD24- and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1(ALDH1) positive BCSC population were determined. Their effect on gene expression of CSC markers, Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways was evaluated. RESULTS P. capillacea and C. officinalis polysaccharides inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells and reduced BCSC subpopulation. P. capillacea polysaccharides significantly down-regulated OCT4, SOX2, ALDH1A3 and vimentin in MDA-MB-231 as well as in MCF-7 cells except for vimentin that was up-regulated in MCF-7 cells. C. officinalis polysaccharides exhibited similar effects except for OCT4 that was up-regulated in MDA-MB-231 cells. Significant suppression of Cyclin D1 gene expression was noted in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells treated with P. capillacea or C. officinalis polysaccharides. β-catenin and c-Myc genes were significantly down-regulated in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with C. officinalis and P. capillacea polysaccharides, respectively, while being up-regulated in MCF-7 cells treated with either of them. Additionally, P. capillacea and C. officinalis polysaccharides significantly down-regulated Hes1 gene in MCF-7 cells despite increasing Notch1 gene expression level. However, significant down-regulation of Notch1 gene was observed in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with P. capillacea polysaccharides. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study provides evidence for the effectiveness of P. capillacea and C. officinalis polysaccharides in targeting BCSCs through interfering with substantial signaling pathways contributing to their functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah G Hafez
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rafat M Mohareb
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sohair M Salem
- Molecular Genetics and Enzymology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza A Matloub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Emad F Eskander
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Raza A, Iqbal J, Munir MU, Asif A, Ahmed A. Anticancer Potential of Polysaccharides. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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22
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Liu Z, Liu C, Yan K, Liu J, Fang Z, Fan Y. Huaier Extract Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth via Targeting AR/AR-V7 Pathway. Front Oncol 2021; 11:615568. [PMID: 33708629 PMCID: PMC7940541 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.615568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays a pivotal role in prostatic carcinogenesis, and it also affects the transition from hormone sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Particularly, the persistent activation of the androgen receptor and the appearance of androgen receptor splicing variant 7 (AR-V7), could partly explain the failure of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In the present study, we reported that huaier extract, derived from officinal fungi, has potent antiproliferative effects in both HSPC and CRPC cells. Mechanistically, huaier extract downregulated both full length AR (AR-FL) and AR-V7 mRNA levels via targeting the SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3) signaling pathway. Huaier extract also enhanced proteasome-mediated protein degradation of AR-FL and AR-V7 by downregulating proteasome-associated deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14). Furthermore, huaier extract inhibited AR-FL/AR-V7 transcriptional activity and their nuclear translocation. More importantly, our data demonstrated that huaier extract could re-sensitize enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells to enzalutamide treatment in vitro and in vivo models. Our work revealed that huaier extract could be effective for treatment of prostate cancer either as monotherapy or in combination with enzalutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfang Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Keqiang Yan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jikai Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Zhiqing Fang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China.,Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) and Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yidong Fan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, China
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Pan J, Jiang Z, Wu D, Yang C, Wang Z, Huang J. Huaier Extractum Promotes Dendritic Cells Maturation and Favors them to Induce Th1 Immune Response: One of the Mechanisms Underlying Its Anti-Tumor Activity. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420946830. [PMID: 33054422 PMCID: PMC7570295 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420946830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Huaier, a sandy beige mushroom with anti-tumor effects, has been applied into Traditional Chinese Medicine for more than 1600 years. Previous studies showed that Huaier exerted its anti-tumor effects not only by direct action on tumor cells, but also indirectly by modulation of immune function. In the present study, we found that Huaier treatment significantly repressed tumor growth in mice with 4T1 breast cancer and resulted in significant accumulation of CD4+ T cells and mature dendritic cells (DCs) in the tumor microenvironment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Huaier treatment promoted both DC2.4 and bone marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) to express costimulatory molecules, enhance production of IL-1β and IL-12p70, while it inhibited their phagocytic activities, suggesting that Huaier treatment promotes maturation of DCs. Furthermore, we found Huaier-treated DCs profoundly stimulated proliferation of alloreactive CD4+ T cells and drove them to differentiate into Th1 subset. Expression of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, JNK, and p-JNK was up-regulated, while p-p38 MAPK was down-regulated in Huaier-treated BMDCs, suggesting that Huaier promotes maturation of DCs with potent ability to activate Th1 immune response via modulation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Our findings provide further evidence for the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of Huaier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chenghui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Barbosa JR, Carvalho Junior RND. Occurrence and possible roles of polysaccharides in fungi and their influence on the development of new technologies. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116613. [PMID: 32747253 PMCID: PMC7293488 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article summarizes the roles of polysaccharides in the biology of fungi and their relationship in the development of new technologies. The comparative approach between the evolution of fungi and the chemistry of glycobiology elucidated relevant aspects about the role of polysaccharides in fungi. Also, based on the knowledge of fungal glycobiology, it was possible to address the development of new technologies, such as the production of new anti-tumor drugs, vaccines, biomaterials, and applications in the field of robotics. We conclude that polysaccharides activate pathways of apoptosis, secretion of pro-inflammatory substances, and macrophage, inducing anticancer activity. Also, the activation of the immune system, which opens the way for the production of vaccines. The development of biomaterials and parts for robotics is a promising and little-explored field. Finally, the article is multidisciplinary, with a different and integrated approach to the role of nature in the sustainable development of new technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatas Rodrigues Barbosa
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Raul Nunes de Carvalho Junior
- LABEX/FEA (Extraction Laboratory/Faculty of Food Engineering), ITEC (Institute of Technology), UFPA (Federal University of Para), Rua Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, 66075-900 Belém, PA, Brazil.
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Zou YF, Rong YM, Chen ZX, Shen ZH, Chen X, Tan YX, Weng JR, Huang XM, Lin XT. Effects of Huaier Extract on Ameliorating Colitis-Associated Colorectal Tumorigenesis in Mice. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8691-8704. [PMID: 32904640 PMCID: PMC7457401 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Huaier extract has been a part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for roughly 1600 years and may serve as a potential anti-cancer drug as it is associated with good efficacy and low toxicity. Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher chance of being diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) and as Huaier extract may potentially influence tumorigenesis, we set out to determine the effect of Huaier extract on colitis-associated CRC. Methods The CRC mouse model, established through azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), was administered Huaier extract. Weight loss, colon length, tumor number and tumor size were evaluated macroscopically. Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and STAT3 phosphorylation were assessed in the colon using ELISA, Western blot and/or immunohistochemistry. Results Huaier extract improved the severity of colitis-associated tumorigenesis compared with control group, with attenuated weight loss and longer colons. Tumor number, size and load were drastically decreased in mice treated with Huaier. Histological assessment suggested that Huaier could decrease histological injury of the colon tissue. Additionally, Huaier extract treatment led to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-1β) and a decrease of STAT3 phosphorylation in colon tissue. Additionally, present findings demonstrated that Huaier extract inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in CRC cells HCT116 and HCT8. The migration and invasion of CRC cells were markedly inhibited upon exposure to Huaier treatment. The apoptosis-associated protein levels (P53, Bax, Bcl-2, pro-caspase-3 and cleavage caspase-3) showed significant differences after the administration of Huaier extract in HCT116 and HCT8 cells. In vivo, the administration of Huaier extract to mice inhibited tumor growth and yielded a similar profile of apoptotic proteins expression p53, Bcl-2, pro-caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 while no significant differences in Bax were observed. Moreover, the ratio of TUNEL-positive/apoptotic cells was markedly increased in the Huaier-treated mice. Conclusion Huaier extract may reduce the IBD-associated tumor development by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and STAT3 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Zou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Rong
- Department of Very Important Person Region, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Xian Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Jieyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jieyang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xin Tan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Rong Weng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Huang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Tao Lin
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Traditional Chinese biomedical preparation (Huaier Granule) for breast cancer: a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:226070. [PMID: 32789470 PMCID: PMC7441486 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Huaier Granule, a type of traditional Chinese biomedical preparation (TCBP), is considered to be a promising adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Although an analysis of the published literature has been performed, the exact effects and safety of Huaier Granule remains controversial. Therefore, a wide-ranging systematic search of electronic databases from which to draw conclusions was performed. Data from 27 trials, including 2562 patients with breast cancer were analyzed. The results indicated that, compared with conventional treatment alone, the combination of conventional treatment and Huaier Granule markedly improved patients’ overall response (P=0.02) and quality of life (P<0.00001), and significantly prolonged 2-year (P=0.02), 3-year (P<0.0001) and 5-year (P=0.004) overall survival rates, and 1-year (P=0.003), 2-year (P<0.00001), 3-year (P<0.00001) and 5-year (P=0.03) disease-free survival. The immune function of patients was also significantly enhanced after combined intervention treatment, indicated by clearly increased percentages of CD3+ (P=0.05), CD4+ (P<0.00001) and natural killer cells (P<0.0001), and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (P<0.00001). The incidence of myelosuppression (P=0.001) and hepatotoxicity (P=0.05) was lower in breast cancer patients treated with Huaier Granule, whereas other adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). In summary, results of this meta-analysis suggest that the combination of conventional treatment and Huaier Granule is more effective for the treatment of breast cancer than conventional treatment alone.
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Ji D, Zheng W, Huang P, Yao Y, Zhong X, Kang P, Wang Z, Shi G, Xu Y, Cui Y. Huaier Restrains Cholangiocarcinoma Progression in vitro and in vivo Through Modulating lncRNA TP73-AS1 and Inducing Oxidative Stress. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7819-7837. [PMID: 32848417 PMCID: PMC7425108 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s257738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Huaier, the fruiting body of Trametes robiniophila Murr, is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine. Recently, many studies have confirmed that Huaier has antitumor effects on various malignancies. Moreover, studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs play an important regulatory role in the occurrence and progression of malignancies. Our present study was to explore whether Huaier has a potential antitumor effect in cholangiocarcinoma and reveal the relationship between lncRNAs and Huaier-induced tumor inhibition. Methods Microarray assay was performed to identify the candidate lncRNAs regulated by Huaier. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess the effect of Huaier on TP73-AS1 expression. The effect of Huaier on the cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion was evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The ratio of cell apoptosis was determined using AO/EB, Hoechst 33342 and flow cytometry. The effect of Huaier on oxidative stress was revealed using DCFH-DA, mito-SOX, JC-1 probes and Western blotting. In addition, the effect of Huaier on tumor growth and metastasis was explored using subcutaneous tumor model and lung metastatic tumor model in nude mice. Results In vitro, Huaier inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells by down-regulating TP73-AS1 and induced apoptosis through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In vivo, Huaier suppressed the growth and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma by modulating the expression of proliferation and EMT-associated proteins. Conclusion Huaier could inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis by modulating the expression of TP73-AS1, meanwhile promote apoptosis of CCA cells through disturbing mitochondrial function, inducing oxidative stress and activating caspases in vitro. In addition, Huaier could suppress tumor growth and metastasis by regulating the expression of proliferation and EMT-related proteins. In the meantime, Huaier prolonged the survival of nude mice in lung metastatic model with acceptable drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolin Ji
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangyang Zheng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Kang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Trametes robiniophila Murr in the treatment of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110254. [PMID: 32480220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women across the world. Trametes robiniophila Murr (Huaier), a traditional herbal medicine, has been used in China to protect human health for about 1600 years. Recent years, Huaier had been proven to be effective for multiple types of malignancies. This systematic review focused on breast cancer treatment, summarizing the curative function of Huaier aqueous extract and polysaccharides in preclinical researches. Huaier could markedly inhibit breast cancer progression with low toxicity, enhance immune response and increase the sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. The therapeutic effect of Huaier granule in clinical studies was also included. This review amalgamated the current studies and highlighted the promising role of Huaier and its polysaccharides as complementary alternative medicine in breast cancer treatment.
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Xu WF, Wang ZJ, Li K, Shen YQ, Lu K, Lv XY, Wen YX, Jin RM. Huai Qi Huang-induced Apoptosis via Down-regulating PRKCH and Inhibiting RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway in Ph+ Leukemia Cells. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:354-362. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu W, Wang Z, Li K, Jin R. Huai Qi Huang Potentiates Dexamethasone-Mediated Lethality in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells by Upregulating Glucocorticoid Receptor α. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921649. [PMID: 32065117 PMCID: PMC7043341 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glucocorticoids are important components of a number of chemotherapeutic regimens used to treat pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A primary cause of treatment failure of ALL is acquired resistance to glucocorticoids. Recently, traditional Chinese medicines were effectively used to treat solid tumors. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether Huai Qi Huang (HQH), a traditional Chinese medicine, increased the efficacy of glucocorticoids in the treatment of ALL, and if so, to determine the underlying mechanism. Material/Methods Various concentrations of HQH were used to treat Jurkat and Nalm-6 cells for 24 to 72 hours. Subsequently, cells were co-treated with HQH and the glucocorticoid receptor agonist, dexamethasone (DEX), or a MEK inhibitor (PD98059) to verify the synergistic effects on apoptosis in Jurkat and Nalm-6 cells for 24 hours. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to measure cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Protein and mRNA expression levels were assessed using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results The results revealed that cell survival was reduced and apoptosis was increased as the HQH concentration was increased, and this was accompanied with increases in the levels of BAX, cleaved-caspase-3 and glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) and decreases in the levels of Bcl-2 and phospho-ERK (pERK). Glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ) and total ERK (t-ERK) had no significant changes. Combined treatment with HQH and DEX or PD98059 increased apoptosis in Jurkat and Nalm-6 cells, and concurrently increased BAX, cleaved-caspase-3, GILZ, NFKBIA, and GRα and decreased Bcl-2 and pERK. Conclusions HQH enhanced the sensitivity of ALL cells to glucocorticoids by increasing the expression of GRα and inhibiting the MEK/ERK pathway, thus providing a rational foundation for the treatment of ALL with HQH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfu Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhujun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Effectiveness of Huai Qi Huang Granules on Juvenile Collagen-induced Arthritis and Its Influence on Pyroptosis Pathway in Synovial Tissue. Curr Med Sci 2019; 39:784-793. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-019-2106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Costa CRDM, Menolli RA, Osaku EF, Tramontina R, de Melo RH, do Amaral AE, Duarte PA, de Carvalho MM, Smiderle FR, Silva JLDC, Mello RG. Exopolysaccharides from Aspergillus terreus: Production, chemical elucidation and immunoactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:654-664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Fang L, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Zang Y, Li Z, Duan Z, Ren J, Xu Z. A polysaccharide from Huaier ameliorates cisplatin nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT signaling. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:932-943. [PMID: 31377293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP), a common chemotherapy drug used in treatment of malignant tumors. Due to various side effects such as nephrotoxicity (kidney damage), it's efficiency and therapeutic application are limited. This study focuses on finding a suitable drug that would attenuate the side effects like kidney damage, caused by CP. Huaier polysaccharide (HP-1), an extraction of Trametes robiniophila Murr, with a molecular weight of 3 × 104 Da. Previous studies have shown that HP-1, exhibits anti-tumor potential and immunomodulatory effects. We hypothesized that HP-1 has the effect of attenuating the nephrotoxicity caused by CP chemotherapy and protecting renal function. Through our experiments, we observed that HP-1 can attenuate the level of oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby reducing kidney damage. In vitro, we observed that HP-1 significantly inhibits CP-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In addition, HP-1 also affects the expression level of the protein by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and thus attenuates the side effects induced by cisplatin. Therefore, HP-1 may be a potential drug for preventing CP-induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qi Wang
- The second people's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao 266400, China
| | - Yuanwei Zang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zeyan Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhichen Duan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Juchao Ren
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Zhonghua Xu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Ji HY, Yu J, Dong XD, Liu AJ. Preparation of soluble dietary fibers from Gracilaria lemaneiformis and its antitumor activity in vivo. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hu B, Yan W, Wang M, Cui X, Hu Y, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Qi X, Jiang J. Huaier polysaccharide inhibits the stem-like characteristics of ERα-36 high triple negative breast cancer cells via inactivation of the ERα-36 signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1358-1367. [PMID: 31337967 PMCID: PMC6643138 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.27360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive cancer and lack of targeting therapies. It is believed that the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are responsible for the aggressive characteristics of TNBC. Hence, developing BCSC-targeting agents may provide new therapeutic strategies for the patients. Huaier polysaccharide (HP), an active ingredient extracted from the mushroom Trametes robiniophila Murr, has been widely used in clinical anti-cancer treatments in China. Here we demonstrated that HP could target BCSCs in TNBC cells, resulting in decreased mammosphere formation, downregulated expression of stem-related genes and reduced proportion of aldehyde dehydrogenase positive cells in vitro, and inhibited xenograft tumor formation in vivo. Mechanically, HP markedly reduced the expression of estrogen receptor α-36 (ERα-36), a recently identified subtype of estrogen receptor α, and attenuated ERα-36-mediated activation of AKT/β-catenin signaling in ERα-36high TNBC cells. This study provides a new insight into the mechanism of HP on BCSC-targeting therapy and new ideas for comprehensive treatment strategies for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoquan Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenting Yan
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Minghao Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qingqiu Chen
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Cheng XD, Wu QX, Zhao J, Su T, Lu YM, Zhang WN, Wang Y, Chen Y. Immunomodulatory effect of a polysaccharide fraction on RAW 264.7 macrophages extracted from the wild Lactarius deliciosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:732-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Polysaccharides as potential anticancer agents—A review of their progress. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:412-428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Saleh-Ghadimi S, Jafari-Vayghan H, Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M. Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxymethylfurfural in Viability of BALB/C Mice Splenocytes. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2019.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to discover if hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) exposure modifies cell proliferation and DNA damage in BALB/c mice splenocytes. Methods: Mitogenesis in T cells and B cells was induced by Concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The colorimetric tetrazolium assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation. DNA damaging consequences were evaluated via measurement of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level in BALB/c mice splenocytes. Results: Spleen cells proliferation elicited by ConA, was dramatically suppressed by 25, 50 and 100 mM of HMF. However, there was not any significant difference between various concentrations of HMF. The same result was observed following treatment with LPS and HMF in different concentrations. Eight-OHdG concentration was elevated significantly in HMF treated groups compared with untreated control and mitogens. Conclusion: HMF was found to have immunosuppressing and DNA damaging properties in mM concentrations in mice splenocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Saleh-Ghadimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sorayya Kheirouri
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pan J, Yang C, Jiang Z, Huang J. Trametes robiniophila Murr: a traditional Chinese medicine with potent anti-tumor effects. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1541-1549. [PMID: 30863164 PMCID: PMC6389013 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s193174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trametes robiniophila Murr also known as Huaier, one of the traditional Chinese medicines, has been shown an effective adjuvant of cancer therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that the anti-cancer effects of Huaier can be briefly divided into two aspects: the direct effects on tumor cells and the indirect effects on immune cells. In vitro and in vivo experiment showed Huaier directly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, induced tumor cell death, prevented metastasis and interfered with angiogenesis via various signaling pathways. The immunomodulatory effect of Huaier is associated with enhancement of the number and function of CD4+ T cells and NK cells, regulation of the polarization and function of macrophages, and elevated secretion of immune stimulatory cytokines. In this review, the anti-cancer effects and combined treatments of Huaier with other anti-cancer therapies, and the underlying mechanisms are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China, .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China,
| | - Chenghui Yang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China, .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China,
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China, .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China,
| | - Jian Huang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China, .,Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, P.R. China,
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Yang A, Fan H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhu Z, Zha X, Zhao Y, Chai X, Li J, Tu P, Hu Z. An immune-stimulating proteoglycan from the medicinal mushroom Huaier up-regulates NF-κB and MAPK signaling via Toll-like receptor 4. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:2628-2641. [PMID: 30602571 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) is a mushroom with a long history of use as a medicinal ingredient in China and exhibits good clinical efficacy in cancer management. However, the antitumor components of Huaier and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated a proteoglycan with a molecular mass of ∼5.59 × 104 Da from Huaier aqueous extract. We named this proteoglycan TPG-1, and using FTIR and additional biochemical analyses, we determined that its total carbohydrate and protein compositions are 43.9 and 41.2%, respectively. Using biochemical assays and immunoblotting, we found that exposing murine RAW264.7 macrophages to TPG-1 promotes the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Of note, the TPG-1 treatment significantly inhibited the tumorigenesis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells likely at least in part by increasing serum levels of TNFα and promoting leukocyte infiltration into tumors in nude mice. TPG-1 also exhibited good antitumor activity in hepatoma H22-bearing mice and had no obvious adverse effects in these mice. We conclude that TPG-1 exerts antitumor activity partially through an immune-potentiating effect due to activation of the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling cassette. Therefore, TPG-1 may be a promising candidate drug for cancer immunotherapy. This study has identified the TPG-1 proteoglycan as an antitumor agent and provided insights into TPG-1's molecular mechanism, suggesting a potential utility for applying this agent in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haitao Fan
- the College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100029, China, and
| | - Yanan Zhao
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yunfang Zhao
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Li
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China,
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China,
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Chen Q, Shu C, Laurence AD, Chen Y, Peng BG, Zhen ZJ, Cai JQ, Ding YT, Li LQ, Zhang YB, Zheng QC, Xu GL, Li B, Zhou WP, Cai SW, Wang XY, Wen H, Peng XY, Zhang XW, Dai CL, Bie P, Xing BC, Fu ZR, Liu LX, Mu Y, Zhang L, Zhang QS, Jiang B, Qian HX, Wang YJ, Liu JF, Qin XH, Li Q, Yin P, Zhang ZW, Chen XP. Effect of Huaier granule on recurrence after curative resection of HCC: a multicentre, randomised clinical trial. Gut 2018; 67:2006-2016. [PMID: 29802174 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-315983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is little evidence that adjuvant therapy after radical surgical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) improves recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS). We conducted a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase IV trial evaluating the benefit of an aqueous extract of Trametes robinophila Murr (Huaier granule) to address this unmet need. DESIGN AND RESULTS A total of 1044 patients were randomised in 2:1 ratio to receive either Huaier or no further treatment (controls) for a maximum of 96 weeks. The primary endpoint was RFS. Secondary endpoints included OS and tumour extrahepatic recurrence rate (ERR). The Huaier (n=686) and control groups (n=316) had a mean RFS of 75.5 weeks and 68.5 weeks, respectively (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.81). The difference in the RFS rate between Huaier and control groups was 62.39% and 49.05% (95% CI 6.74 to 19.94; p=0.0001); this led to an OS rate in the Huaier and control groups of 95.19% and 91.46%, respectively (95% CI 0.26 to 7.21; p=0.0207). The tumour ERR between Huaier and control groups was 8.60% and 13.61% (95% CI -12.59 to -2.50; p=0.0018), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first nationwide multicentre study, involving 39 centres and 1044 patients, to prove the effectiveness of Huaier granule as adjuvant therapy for HCC after curative liver resection. It demonstrated a significant prolongation of RFS and reduced extrahepatic recurrence in Huaier group. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01770431; Post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.,Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.,Surgery administrator office at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Hust, Wuhan, China
| | - Arian D Laurence
- Hematology Department, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust at Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, UK
| | - Yan Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Bao-Gang Peng
- Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Jun Zhen
- Surgery Department, First People's Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Cai
- Surgery Department, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Tao Ding
- Surgery Department, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Le-Qun Li
- Surgery Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yu-Bao Zhang
- Surgery Department, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi-Chang Zheng
- Surgery Department, Wuhan Union Hospital of HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge-Liang Xu
- Surgery Department, Shengli Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bo Li
- Surgery Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- Surgery Department, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shou-Wang Cai
- Surgery Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital of Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Yan Wang
- Surgery Department, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xin-Yu Peng
- Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xue-Wen Zhang
- Surgery Department, China and Japan Union Hospital of Jilin Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Chao-Liu Dai
- Surgery Department, Shengjing Hospital of China Medial University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Bie
- Surgery Department, Southwest University Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Bao-Cai Xing
- Surgery Department, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Ren Fu
- Surgery Department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Xin Liu
- Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Mu
- Surgery Department, Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Surgery Department, Henan Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi-Shun Zhang
- Surgery Department, Guangxi Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Surgery Department, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hai-Xin Qian
- Surgery Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jun Wang
- Surgery Department, Tianjin No.3 Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Feng Liu
- Surgery Branch at the Hospital of Infectious and Contagious Diseases Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xi-Hu Qin
- Surgery Department, Third People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital (TMUCIH), Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, China
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42
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Khan AA, Gani A, Khanday FA, Masoodi F. Biological and pharmaceutical activities of mushroom β-glucan discussed as a potential functional food ingredient. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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43
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Alexandre SM, Corradi da Silva ML, Vasconcelos AF, Exposti DT, Tischer CA, Prieto A, Diaz D, Kaneno R. Rhizoctonia solani fucomannogalactan: Chemical characterization and antiproliferative activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:106-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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44
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Zhou L, Pan LC, Zheng YG, Du GS, Fu XQ, Zhu ZD, Song JY, Liu ZJ, Su XZ, Chen W, Zheng DH, Suo LL, Yang SZ. Novel strategy of sirolimus plus thymalfasin and huaier granule on tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the UCSF criteria following liver transplantation: A single center experience. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4407-4417. [PMID: 30214575 PMCID: PMC6126158 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although liver transplantation (LT) lengthens the survival time of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), LT patients exhibit a high recurrence rate; particularly those that had advanced HCC associated with the tumor biological characteristics and long-term application of immunosuppressants. A consensus on optimal prophylaxis and treatment for recurrent HCC following LT does not currently exist. The present study retrospectively analyzed data from 36 non-University of California at San Francisco criteria-eligible patients with advanced HCC who underwent LT, and then treated them with sirolimus (SRL)-based therapy with thymalfasin and huaier granules (SRL+, n=18), or with tacrolimus-based therapy (controls; n=18). The SRL+ group had significantly longer recurrence times (P=0.008) and survival times (P<0.0001) (OS, 1-year: 100%, 3-year: 94.4%, 5-year: 77.8%; DFS, 1-year: 88.9%, 3-year: 55.6%, 5-year: 50.0%). Furthermore, compared with pre-LT values and the control group, the SRL+ group had significantly lower serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels (both P<0.0001) and percentage of Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ Treg lymphocytes (P<0.001) during the first year. In the SRL+ group, FoxP3+/cluster of differentiation (CD)8+ Treg lymphocyte percentages decreased significantly following LT (P<0.001); however, CD8+/CD3+ T-cells significantly increased (P<0.001). Levels of serum AFP and FoxP3+ Treg cells increased when tumors relapsed, and decreased to near-normal when relapse foci were cured or stabilized. SRL+ therapy may decrease AFP and Treg levels, while increasing CD8+ T cells, indicating an associated mechanism among them. In conclusion, SRL+ therapy appears to be safe and effective in preventing HCC recurrence following LT with no significant adverse events, and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chao Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Gen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Sheng Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qian Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yong Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jia Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Zheng Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - De-Hua Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Long-Long Suo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Zhen Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Organ Transplant Institute, Chinese PLA 309th Hospital, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
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Huaier aqueous extract protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32937-32945. [PMID: 28380426 PMCID: PMC5464840 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) as a complementary therapy for cancer has recently become increasingly common in China. However, whether Huaier can regulate host immune responses, especially innate immunity, remains largely unknown. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric complex consisting of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1. NLRP3 inflammasomes respond to a variety of endogenous (damage-associated molecular patterns) and exogenous (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) stimuli, and play crucial roles in host defense against pathogens and multiple diseases such as ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of Huaier in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis and revealed the underlying mechanisms by targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes. In C57BL/6 mice, oral administration of Huaier attenuated DSS-induced colon shortening and colonic pathological damage. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of Huaier on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Huaier inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation-induced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 cleavage. Moreover, Huaier decreased NLRP3 protein expression via promoting NLRP3 degradation through the autophagy lysosome pathway. Therefore, our findings demonstrate a novel function for Huaier in the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and suggest a potential role for Huaier in NLRP3 inflammasome-associated diseases.
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46
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Han M, Sun P, Li Y, Wu G, Nie J. Structural characterization of a polysaccharide from Sargassum henslowianum, and its immunomodulatory effect on gastric cancer rat. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:1120-1127. [PMID: 29274428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A complicated sulfated fucoidan, SHPPB2, was purified from Sargassum henslowianum by DEAE-cellulose 52 and Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography. Via chemical and spectral method, SHPPB2 was found to contain mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose, and fucose, in a ratio of 17.4: 13.5: 10.5: 16.8: 41.8, as well as 21.4% of sulfate. The methylation analysis demonstrated terminal, 3-, 4-, 2, 3-, and 3, 4- linked fucose, 2-, 2, 3-, 2, 4-, and 2, 4, 6- linked mannose, terminal, 4-, 6-, 2, 4-, 3, 4-, and 3, 6- linked galactose, terminal and 4- linked xylose, and 4- linked glucuronic acid. In addition, the sulfate groups were substituted on the C-2, C-3 or C-4 of 3- and 4- linked fucose, on the C-4 or C-6 of 2- linked mannose, and on C-2 or C-3 of 4- and 6- linked galactose. With the treatment of SHPPB2 in the N-methyl-N'-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced gastric cancer rats, it was observed with an increased body weight, and improved immune organ indices. Furthermore, SHPPB2 could significantly promote splenocyte proliferation induced by ConA or LPS in gastric cancer rats, and improve anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) secretion, but reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Taken together, it suggested that SHPPB2 could improve immune function in gastric cancer rats. Thus, it could be explored as a potential immuno-therapy for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Peichun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Department of Reproductive Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Jiewei Nie
- Department of General Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
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Huaier extract synergizes with tamoxifen to induce autophagy and apoptosis in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26003-15. [PMID: 27027343 PMCID: PMC5041960 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the most widely used endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients, but side effects and the gradual development of insensitivity limit its application. We investigated whether Huaier extract, a traditional Chinese medicine, in combination with TAM would improve treatment efficacy in ER-positive breast cancers. MTT, colony formation, and invasion and migration assays revealed that the combined treatment had stronger anticancer effects than either treatment alone. Huaier extract enhanced TAM-induced autophagy, apoptosis, and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, as measured by acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) staining, TUNEL, flow cytometry, and western blot. Additionally, combined treatment inhibited tumorigenesis and metastasis by suppressing the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Huaier extract also enhanced the inhibitory effects of TAM on tumor growth in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. These results show that Huaier extract synergizes with TAM to induce autophagy and apoptosis in ER-positive breast cancer cells by suppressing the AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Gao W, Wang W, Sun W, Wang M, Zhang N, Yu S. Antitumor and immunomodulating activities of six Phellinus igniarius polysaccharides of different origins. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4627-4632. [PMID: 29109758 PMCID: PMC5663028 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to compare the antitumor efficiency of Phellinus igniarius polysaccharides (PIP) from six different origins and preliminarily investigate its potential mechanisms. PIP was extracted using the microwave extraction method. The corresponding in vivo antitumor efficacy was assessed in Kunming mice bearing H22 tumors and Gansu PIP (GPIP) was identified to have a significantly higher antitumor efficacy compared with the control group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed following treatment with PIP from different origins (P>0.05). The spleen index of the GPIP group significantly increased compared with the saline and CTX groups (P<0.01). The in vitro MTT assay of GPIP on HepG2 cells indicated that GPIP had no direct cytotoxicity. The serum immune cytokines of interleukin-2, interleukin-12 and interferon-γ were assessed using the ELISA method. The concentration of all three serum cytokines significantly increased compared with saline and CTX groups (P<0.01) indicating that activating the immune system may be a potential antitumor mechanism. These results demonstrated that GPIP has great potential as a natural antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Wangdi Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenjian Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuwen Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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Gao S, Li X, Ding X, Jiang L, Yang Q. Huaier extract restrains the proliferative potential of endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells through increased ATM by suppressing miR-203. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7313. [PMID: 28779143 PMCID: PMC5544732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is one of the main treatments for breast cancer patients in the early stages. Tamoxifen and fulvestrant are the major drugs of endocrine therapy for breast cancer patients. However, acquired drug resistance often caused treatment failure and relapse for patients, which is a major clinical problem. We investigated whether Huaier extract had effects on endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the inhibitory effects of Huaier extract on tamoxifen-resistant cells (M7-TR) and fulvestrant-resistant cells (M7-FR). Using MTT and clone formation assays, we found that Huaier extract could inhibit the proliferation in M7-TR and M7-FR cells. Flow cytometry and western blotting illustrated that Huaier extract could induce G0/G1 arrest in both endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we present that Huaier extract significantly increased ataxia telangiectasia mutation (ATM) via down-regulation of miR-203. Huaier extract also had the inhibitory effects on tumour growth in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. These results demonstrated that Huaier extract could inhibit the proliferation of M7-TR and M7-FR cells by increasing ATM via suppression of miR-203.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xia Ding
- Department of Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Liyu Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China.
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China. .,Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China.
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Zhao GS, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Li C, Zhang YW, Ren ZZ, Zhou J, Zhang M. Transarterial chemoembolization combined with Huaier granule for the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma: Safety and efficacy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7589. [PMID: 28723799 PMCID: PMC5521939 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transarterial arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with gelatin sponge particles (GSPs-TACE) and Huaier granule to treat primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC).A series of 62 patients with PHC were included between June 2009 and December 2011, and randomly assigned to a control (n = 31) or an experimental group (n = 31). The control patients received TACE with 350 to 560 μm GSPs plus lobaplatin chemotherapy. Patients in the experimental group received TACE plus Huaier granule. Treatment safety and mid-to-long-term efficacy were evaluated.Follow-up ranged from 12 to 24 months with a mean of 28.7 months. The 6- and 12-month overall survivals were 100% and 93.5% in the experimental group and 90.3% and 80.6% in control group, respectively. The difference in overall survival at 12 months was significant (χ = 5.213, P < .05), but the difference in median survival in the experimental group (20.6 months) and control group (17.1 months) patients was not significant (χ = 0.745, P > .05). The number of TACE procedures in the experimental group (2.9 ± 8.7) and control group (4.1 ± 7.3) patients was significantly different (χ = 7.262, P < .05). The 6-month (87.1% vs. 73.3%, χ = 5.945) and 12-month (72.4% vs. 64.3%, χ = 6.384) tumor objective response rates in the experimental and control groups were significantly different (P < .05). There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of treatment-related adverse reactions in the 2 groups.Transarterial chemoembolization with GSPs and Huaier granule was safe and effective for treating PHC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Sheng Zhao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning
| | - Qing Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning
| | - Yue Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Intervention, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhong Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Intervention, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Changping, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi
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