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Beigoli S, Boskabady MH. The molecular basis of the immunomodulatory effects of natural products: A comprehensive review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156028. [PMID: 39276685 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products (NPs) have long been recognized for their potential to modulate the immune system, offering a natural and holistic approach to enhancing immune function. In recent years, the immunomodulation effects of various natural products have attained significant attention. PURPOSE This article provides an overview of the role of natural products in immunomodulation, exploring their mechanisms of action, common types of NPs with immunomodulation properties, clinical applications, as well as considerations for their safety and efficacy. METHODS Extensive research has been conducted to compile important discoveries on the immunomodulatory properties of NPs through thorough searches of multiple databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus up until January 2024. RESULTS By decreasing the levels of Th2 cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, the results suggested that NPs have the ability to modulate the immune system. Therefore, NPs alleviate inflammation in various disorders such as asthma and cancer. Furthermore, the observed increase in CD4 cells and IFN-ɣ/IL4 levels, along with an increased IFN-c/IL4 ratio, indicates a stimulatory effect of NPs on Th1 activity in various inflammatory conditions. Therefore, NPs regulate the immune system by inhibiting T-cells and decreasing the growth of young B-cell lymphoma cells. CONCLUSION Reviewing studies indicated that NPs have the potential to serve as immunomodulatory candidates for treating disorders characterized by immune dysregulation. However, additional experimental and clinical studies are necessary before these agents can be implemented in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Beigoli
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Liu J, Jiu J, Zhang X, Sun J, Ying X. Four alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L. and their anti-inflammatory. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38738736 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2352145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Four alkaloids were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L., including two new compounds, 2-(4-amino-6-hydroxy-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol, named Olerapyrimidine (1) and (2 R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-((6-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, named Olerapyridine (2), and two known compounds including 1H-imidazole (3) and (5S, 6 R, 7S, 8 R)-5-amino-(2Z,4Z)-1,2,3-trihydroxybuta-2,4-dienyloxy-pentane-6,7,8,9-tetraol (4) from P. oleracea for the first time. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Both Olerapyrimidine and Olerapyridine at 20 μM could inhibit the inflammatory factors, IL-1β and TNF-α in the RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Junlong Jiu
- School of Postgraduate, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jingkuan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Li Y, Ren M, Yan H, Luo L, Fang X, He L, Kang W, Wu M, Liu H. Purification, structural characterization, and immunomodulatory activity of two polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130508. [PMID: 38428780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In present study, two water-soluble polysaccharides designated as POL-1 and POL-2 were purified from purslane and their structural characteristics as well as immunomodulatory activity were investigated. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of POL-1 and POL-2 were determined to be 64,100 Da and 21,000 Da, respectively. Comprehensive techniques including UV, IR, GC-MS, and NMR were applied to deduced that POL-1 was a pectin polysaccharide homogalacturonan (HG) consisting of →4)-α-GalpA-(1→ with methyl ester degree of 9.71 % and acetylation degree of 0.34 %, while POL-2 was composed of a 1, 4-linked β-Galp backbone substituted by short side chain →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ and →6)-α-Glcp-(1→. The →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ was attached at the O-6 position of →4)-β-Galp-(1→. TEM further revealed that POL-1 was non-branched single chains, while POL-2 was entangled microstructure with side chains. Moreover, POL-2 significantly promoted macrophage phagocytosis as well as the secretion of NO and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) through activating NF-κB signaling pathway, thus demonstrating potential immunomodulatory activity. These findings suggested that purslane may be exploited as a potential adjuvant and dietary supplement with immunostimulatory purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengjie Ren
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Huan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Li He
- Skin Health Research Center, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming 650000, China; Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Mingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Haiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming 650106, China.
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Liu J, Wang H, Shao H, Sun J, Dong C, Chen R, Kang J. Isolation and characterization of dihydrohomoisoflavonoids from Portulaca oleracea L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 222:114071. [PMID: 38552709 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Eight pairs of dihydrohomoisoflavonoids (1-8), including four pairs of enantiomeric aglycones [(R,S)-portulacanones B (1) and C (2) and (R,S)-oleracones C (3) and Q (4)] and four pairs of epimeric glycosides [portulacasides A-D and epiportulacasides A-D (5-8)], were obtained from Portulaca oleracea L. Among them, (R,S)-oleracone Q (4) and four pairs of epimeric glycosides (5-8) were reported for the first time. The 50% EtOH fraction from the 70% EtOH extract prevented HepG2 human liver cancer cell damage induced by N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP), and the cell survival rate was 62.3%. Portulacaside B (6a), which was isolated from the 50% EtOH fraction, exhibited hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. The compound increased the survival rate of APAP-damaged HepG2 human liver cancer cells from 40.0% to 51.2% and reduced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, resulting in an inhibitory rate of 46.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongjie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Junhua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chaoxuan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital, Jinan University, 613 W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Ruoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Xia L, Yang M, Liu Y. Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide inhibits ovarian cancer via inducing ACSL4-dependent ferroptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5108-5122. [PMID: 38503553 PMCID: PMC11006488 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The antitumor effect of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide (POL) has been demonstrated, but whether it curbs the development of ovarian cancer has not been reported. Here, we treated ovarian cancer cells with different concentrations of POL, detected cell activity by CCK-8 assay, and apoptosis rate by flow cytometry. The results showed that SKOV3 and Hey cell survival decreased with increasing POL concentration in a dose-dependent manner. POL significantly inhibited ovarian cancer cell migration and increased cell death compared with the control group. Ferroptosis inhibitors, but not apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy inhibitors, reversed POL-induced cell death. Further studies revealed that POL promoted the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased glutathione (GSH) production. Moreover, POL significantly increased the mortality of ovarian cancer cells. In vivo studies confirmed that POL reduced the volume and weight of tumors and increased the levels of Fe2+ and MDA in mice in vivo. Western blot assay revealed that POL increased the expression of ACSL4 in ovarian cancer cells as well as in tumors in mice in vivo. More importantly, the POL-mediated increase in lipid ROS, Fe2+, MDA, and decrease in GSH were significantly reversed after knocking down ACSL4 in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, POL can effectively inhibit ovarian cancer development, which may be achieved by increasing ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. These results suggest that POL has the potential to be a potential drug for targeted treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xia
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an City, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an City, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai’an City, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
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Zhang H, Liu J, Yao J, He F, Ying X. Two novel ketone alkaloids from Portulaca oleraceaL. and their anti-inflammatory activities. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38472190 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2325593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Eleven compounds were obtained from Portulaca oleracea L., including two novel ketone alkaloids, (1, 2), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzamide (3) (isolated for the first time), β-adenosine (4), oleracrylimide A and B (5, 6), oleracein H, C, D, Q and A (7-11). The two novel ketone alkaloids were identified as 5-acetyl-5-methylcyclopent-2-ene-1-carboxamide (1), named oleraciamide H, and (2 R,3S,4R,5R)-5-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl glycinate (2), named oleracone Q by spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR and compound fingerprints. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory activities were tested via RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS and found that they could significantly inhibit the release of IL-1β and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Fan He
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Chen M, Li D, Meng X, Sun Y, Liu R, Sun T. Review of isolation, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128565. [PMID: 38061516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L., also known as purslane, affiliates to the Portulacaceae family. It is an herbaceous succulent annual plant distributed worldwide. P. oleracea L. is renowned for its nutritional value and medicinal value, which has been utilized for thousands of years as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The extract derived from P. oleracea L. has shown efficacy in treating various diseases, including intestinal dysfunction and inflammation. Polysaccharides from P. oleracea L. (POP) are the primary constituents of the crude extract which have been found to have various biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, immune-stimulating, and intestinal protective effects. While many publications have highlighted on the structural identification and bioactivity evaluation of POP, the underlying structure-activity relationship of POP still remains unclear. In view of this, this review aims to focus on the extraction, purification, structural features and bioactivities of POP. In addition, the potential structure-activity relationship and the developmental perspective for future research of POP were also explored and discussed. The current review would provide a valuable research foundation and the up-to-date information for the future development and application of POP in the field of the functional foods and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Li K, Xia T, Jiang Y, Wang N, Lai L, Xu S, Yue X, Xin H. A review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and potential uses of Portulaca oleracea L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117211. [PMID: 37739100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Portulaca oleracea L. (PO), popularly known as purslane, has been documented in ethnopharmacology in various countries and regions. Traditional application records indicated that PO might be used extensively to treat the common cold, dysentery, urinary tract infections, coughing, eye infections, skin problems, gynecological diseases, and pediatric illnesses. AIM OF THE REVIEW This paper includes a systematic review of the traditional usage, phytochemicals, pharmacological activity, and potential uses of PO to provide an overview of the research for further exploitation of PO resources. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article uses "Portulaca oleracea L." and "purslane" as the keywords and collects relevant information on PO from different databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Science Direct, ACS, Wiley, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar, and ancient meteria medica. RESULTS PO is a member of the Portulacaceae family and is grown worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that purslane has the effect of improving eyesight, eliminating evil qi, quenching thirst, purgation, diuresis, hemostasis, regulating qi, promoting hair growth, detoxifying, and avoiding epidemic qi. Recent phytochemical investigations have shown that PO is a rich source of flavonoids, homoisoflavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, esters, lignans, terpenoids, catecholamines, sterols, and cerebrosides. The purslane extracts or compounds have exhibited numerous biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, renoprotective, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, metabolic, muscle relaxant, anti-asthmatic and anti-osteoporosis properties. The significant omega-3 fatty acids, vital amino acids, minerals, and vitamins found in purslane also provide nutritional benefits. Purslane as a food/feed additive in the food industry and animal husbandry has caused concern. Its global wide distribution and tolerance to abiotic stress characteristics make it in the future sustainable development of agriculture a certain position. CONCLUSIONS Based on traditional usage, phytochemicals, and pharmacological activity, PO is a potential medicinal and edible plant with diverse pharmacological effects. Due to purslane's various advantages, it may have vast application potential in the food and pharmaceutical industries and animal husbandry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshuang Xia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyong Lai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyan Xu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailiang Xin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang C, Guo S, Zhao Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Ying X. Two novel alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L. and their anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38217487 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2303597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Two novel alkaloids were identified as (E)-N-(4-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylamide (1), named Oleracrylimide D, (E)-N-(4-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (2), named Oleracrylimide E, isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures were identified by spectroscopic methods, including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS methods, also, the anti-inflammatory bioactivities of the compounds were studied by ELISA method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yingdai Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Jinhuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Li Y, Jia G, Li T, Zhou X, Zhao H, Cao J, Guan Z, Zhao R. Preparation Optimization and Immunological Activity Studies of Portulaca oleracea L. Polysaccharides Liposomes. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:786-797. [PMID: 38385493 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128279071231204071210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study combines traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides with nanomaterials to enhance drug bioavailability and immunological activity. BACKGROUND The study of polysaccharide preparation, structure identification, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action is deepening, but the research combined with the new drug delivery system is relatively weak, so the application of polysaccharides is still facing great limitations. In order to prolong the action time of polysaccharides and improve their bioavailability, liposome has become the most promising delivery carrier. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation process of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides liposomes (POL-PL) and evaluate the immunoactivity in vitro. METHODS POL-PL was prepared by reverse evaporation, and the preparation process was optimized using the response surface methodology. The characteristic analysis of POL-PL was detected by the indicators including morphology, particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release, and stability. The effects of POL-PL on the proliferation and immunological activity of mouse spleen lymphocytes and RAW264.7 cells were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS POL-PL is highly homogeneous in morphology and particle size, and its sustained release improves the bioavailability of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides (POL-P). Moreover, POL-PL treatment significantly enhanced the proliferation and phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and increased the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO. CONCLUSION This study suggested that POL-PL were prepared successfully by reverse evaporation method, and POL-PL had immunoenhancing activity in vitro. The results provided a theoretical basis for further application of POL-PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Guiyan Jia
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Xiechen Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Daqing City People's Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Junyang Cao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Zijan Guan
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
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Liu P, Lan X, Tao X, Tian J, Ying X, Stien D. A new alkaloid and two organic acids from Portulaca oleracea L. and their bioactivities. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:68-77. [PMID: 35876167 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
A new alkaloid, identified as 1-benzyl-2-nitroso-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, named oleraisoquinoline (1), and five organic acids and two esters, identified as 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (2), 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (3), (7E,10E)-octadeca-7,10-dienoic acid (4), (10E,13E)-octadeca-10,13-dienoic acid (5), (7E,10E)-hexadeca-7,10-dienoic acid (6), methyl tridecanoate (7) and methyl (9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate (8), were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L., among which compounds 2 and 4‒7 were isolated for the first time. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1‒3 were studied, especially, compound 1 presented good inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Jiayin Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Didier Stien
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, UAR3579, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650, Banyuls-sur-mer, France
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12
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Abbasi S, Mashatan N, Farmani E, Khodashenas M, Musazadeh V, Ahrabi SS, Moridpour AH, Faghfouri AH. The effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) on glycemic indices: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5529-5540. [PMID: 37661794 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have revealed the benefits of purslane on glycemic indices, the results of some studies reject such effect. Therefore, aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to assess the effects of purslane supplementation on glycemic indices. Scientific international databases as Scopus, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched up to December 2022. For net changes in glycemic indices, weighted mean differences (WMDs) were calculated using random-effects models. Purslane supplementation had a statistically significant reduction in fasting blood glucose [FBG, WMD: -6.37; 95% CI: -9.34, -3.40, p < 0.001]. In addition, purslane did not significant effect on serum levels of insulin [WMD: -0.74; 95% CI: -2.58, 1.10; p = 0.430], homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR, WMD: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.88, 0.37, p = 0.429], and QUICKI [WMD: -0.01; 95% CI: -0.01, 0.03, p = 0.317] compared with the control group. The results of our meta-analysis revealed a beneficial effect of purslane supplementation as a tool to decrease FBG levels, but not to HOMA-IR, insulin, and QUICKI levels. However, future high-quality, long-term clinical trials are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Abbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Noushin Mashatan
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sana Sedgh Ahrabi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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13
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Lan X, Guo S, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhang D, Leng A, Ying X. A novel skeleton alkaloid from Portulaca oleracea L. and its bioactivities. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105608. [PMID: 37453700 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel skeleton alkaloid was obtained from Portulaca oleracea L., which was identified as 10,11-dihydroxybenzo[5',6'] pentaleno[1',2':3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-b]oxazol-7(11bH)-one, named oleracone M, and its structure was determined using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. Then the bioactivities of the compound were investigated including the anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities. The results showed that the novel skeleton alkaloid exhibited the potent effect on inhibiting the secretion of IL-1β at 10 μM, anticholinesterase activity with IC50 value of 49.58 μM, and antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 66.43 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Shengnan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yingdai Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Dinglin Zhang
- Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, State Key Lab Mol React Dynam, Lab Mol Modeling & Design, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Aijing Leng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
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14
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Ghorani V, Saadat S, Khazdair MR, Gholamnezhad Z, El-Seedi H, Boskabady MH. Phytochemical Characteristics and Anti-Inflammatory, Immunoregulatory, and Antioxidant Effects of Portulaca oleracea L.: A Comprehensive Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:2075444. [PMID: 37693918 PMCID: PMC10484659 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2075444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L. (P. oleracea) or purslane is a plant from the Portulacaceae family, which is used as food and traditional medicine for various diseases. This review article provides comprehensive information on the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of P. oleracea and its constituents. The literature survey of the different databases until the end of June 2023 was explored based on the keywords including the "P. oleracea, purslane, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties." The plant contains flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and some other compounds. The results indicated that P. oleracea and its constituents showed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties through reduction of inflammatory mediators including interferon gama (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nitric oxide. Improvement in cytokines' serum levels (IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4) and increased IgG and IgM serum levels, as well as reduction of IgE, phospholipase A2, and total protein were demonstrated for P. oleracea. The plant and its constituents also improved oxidative stress by reduction of oxidant and increase of antioxidant markers. P. oleracea could be considered as an effective remedy for various inflammatory and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Ghorani
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeideh Saadat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hesham El-Seedi
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 210024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 31100107, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Wang M, Li C, Li J, Hu W, Yu A, Tang H, Li J, Kuang H, Zhang H. Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activity and Application of Polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane): A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:4813. [PMID: 37375369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) is a widely distributed plant with a long history of cultivation and consumption. Notably, polysaccharides obtained from purslane exhibit surprising and satisfactory biological activities, which explain the various benefits of purslane on human health, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antifatigue, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. This article systematically reviews the extraction and purification methods, chemical structure, chemical modification, biological activity and other aspects of polysaccharides from purslane collected in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Flora of China, Web of Science, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar and CNKI databases in the last 14 years, using the keywords "Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides" and "purslane polysaccharides". The application of purslane polysaccharides in different fields is also summarized, and its application prospects are also discussed. This paper provides an updated and deeper understanding of purslane polysaccharides, which will provide useful guidance for the further optimization of polysaccharide structures and the development of purslane polysaccharides as a novel functional material, as well as a theoretical basis for its further research and application in human health and manufacturing development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Caijiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiaye Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Aiqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Haipeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiayan Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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16
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Song M, Ying Z, Ying X, Jia L, Yang G. Two new natural products from Portulaca oleracea L . and their bioactivities. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:253-259. [PMID: 36762738 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2022-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Two new natural products, belonging to alkaloids, identified as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl acetate (1) and (5-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)methyl acetate (2), were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures were identified by spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS methods. Meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase bioactivities were found in these two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zheming Ying
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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17
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Jin H, Li M, Tian F, Yu F, Zhao W. An Overview of Antitumour Activity of Polysaccharides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228083. [PMID: 36432183 PMCID: PMC9692906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality are rapidly increasing worldwide; therefore, effective therapies are required in the current scenario of increasing cancer cases. Polysaccharides are a family of natural polymers that hold unique physicochemical and biological properties, and they have become the focus of current antitumour drug research owing to their significant antitumour effects. In addition to the direct antitumour activity of some natural polysaccharides, their structures offer versatility in synthesizing multifunctional nanocomposites, which could be chemically modified to achieve high stability and bioavailability for delivering therapeutics into tumor tissues. This review aims to highlight recent advances in natural polysaccharides and polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Maohua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Feng Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fan Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (W.Z.)
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18
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Huang P, Zhang J, Duan W, Jiao J, Leng A, Qu J. Plant polysaccharides with anti-lung injury effects as a potential therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:982893. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.982893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) develops into the severe phase, lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and/or respiratory failure could develop within a few days. As a result of pulmonary tissue injury, pathomorphological changes usually present endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell infiltration of the lung interstitium, defective gas exchange, and wall leakage. Consequently, COVID-19 may progress to tremendous lung injury, ongoing lung failure, and death. Exploring the treatment drugs has important implications. Recently, the application of traditional Chinese medicine had better performance in reducing fatalities, relieving symptoms, and curtailing hospitalization. Through constant research and study, plant polysaccharides may emerge as a crucial resource against lung injury with high potency and low side effects. However, the absence of a comprehensive understanding of lung-protective mechanisms impedes further investigation of polysaccharides. In the present article, a comprehensive review of research into plant polysaccharides in the past 5 years was performed. In total, 30 types of polysaccharides from 19 kinds of plants have shown lung-protective effects through the pathological processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immunomodulation by mediating mucin and aquaporins, macrophage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neutrophil, TGF-β1 pathways, Nrf2 pathway, and other mechanisms. Moreover, the deficiencies of the current studies and the future research direction are also tentatively discussed. This research provides a comprehensive perspective for better understanding the mechanism and development of polysaccharides against lung injury for the treatment of COVID-19.
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Potential Functional Food Products and Molecular Mechanisms of Portulaca Oleracea L. on Anticancer Activity: A Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7235412. [PMID: 36193066 PMCID: PMC9526644 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7235412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea Linn. (P. oleracea L.) has recently gained attention as a functional food due to the chemical composition of this plant regarding bioactive compounds. The special attention to the use of P. oleracea as an ingredient in functional food products is also due to the promotion of sustainable food. It is an unconventional food plant, and its consumption may contribute to preserving biodiversity due to its cultivation in a polyculture system. Food sovereignty may be achieved, among other strategies, with the consumption of unconventional food plants that are more resistant in nature and easily cultivated in small places. P. oleracea grows spontaneously and may be found in streets and sidewalks, or it may be cultivated with seeds and cuttings propagation. The culinary versatility of P. oleracea opens up opportunities to explore the development of sustainable, functional food products. This mini-review shows that functional food products developed from P. oleracea are already available at the research level, but it is expected that more scientific literature focusing on the development of P. oleracea functional products with proven anticancer activities may be released in the near future. Polysaccharides, some phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and cerebrosides are associated with the inhibition and prevention of carcinogenesis through in vitro and in vivo investigations. The anticancer activities of P. oleracea, its bioactive compounds, and the involved molecular mechanisms have been reported in the literature. The importance of further elucidating the cancer inhibition mechanisms is in the interest of forthcoming applications in the development of food products with anticancer properties for implementation in the human diet.
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Bao M, Hou K, Xin C, Zeng D, Cheng C, Zhao H, Wang Z, Wang L. Portulaca oleracea L. Extract Alleviated Type 2 Diabetes Via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Serum Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101030. [PMID: 35212446 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Portulaca oleracea L. extracts (PE) show hypoglycemic function, but the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the association of the antidiabetes effect of PE with the gut microbiota modulation and BCAAs metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS The Orbitrap LC-MS to Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid mass spectrometer is employed to analyze the major compounds in PE. The components of the intestinal microflora in diet-induced/STZ-treated diabetic mice are analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA genes sequencing. The results show that PE improves blood glucose and insulin level, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine level, lowers serum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), and increases serum glutamine level. PE also protects the mucosal epithelium of the colon and cecum from damage. On the impact of gut microbial composition, PE reduces the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and the abundance of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Blautia, Ruminiclostridium_9, Dubosiella, and increases the abundance of the Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Mucisprillum genera. Bacterial functionality prediction indicates PE potentially inhibits bacterial BCAAs biosynthesis, and promotes the tissue-specific expression of BCAAs catabolic enzyme for reducing BCAAs supplementation. CONCLUSION These results reveal that PE improving T2D-related biochemical abnormalities is associated not only with gut microbiota modification but also with the tissue-specific expression of BCAAs catabolic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Deyong Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Cuilin Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Haitian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, NO. 92 Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P. R. China
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21
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Wang TL, Li YC, Lin CS, Zou YP. Comprehensive analysis of natural polysaccharides from TCMs: a generic approach based on UPLC-MS/MS. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118877. [PMID: 34893280 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a new application using liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS) using aldononitrile acetate derivatives for simultaneous baseline separation and detection of eight neutral saccharides, two uronic acids, one ketose, and eight alditols within 14 min. The separation was performed on a Cortecs C₁₈ column using acetonitrile (A) and water (B) as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The target components were detected in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode by mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source operating in positive ionization mode. A comparison with traditional methods was used to determine the validity of the results. The UHPLC-ESI-MS method was used for quantitative analysis of free carbohydrates in water extracts of Crataegus pinnatifida as well as determination of Polygonatum cyrtonema and Glossy ganoderma monosaccharides in polysaccharides. The results demonstrate that this protocol is a comprehensive and effective technique for qualitative and quantitative analysis of plant polysaccharides from TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Long Wang
- Guangdong-Macau Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Industrial Park Development Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, 201210, China
| | - Yi-Cong Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Active Ingredients of Natural Drugs, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 150001, China
| | - Yi-Ping Zou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Active Ingredients of Natural Drugs, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China.
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22
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Kumar A, Sreedharan S, Kashyap AK, Singh P, Ramchiary N. A review on bioactive phytochemicals and ethnopharmacological potential of purslane ( Portulaca oleracea L.). Heliyon 2022; 8:e08669. [PMID: 35028454 PMCID: PMC8741462 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Portulaca oleracea L. commonly known as purslane is distributed all over the world and easily grows in diverse soil and climatic conditions. It has been traditionally used as a nutritious and ethnomedicinal food across the globe. Various studies have shown that the plant is a rich source of various important phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins such as A, C, E, and B, carotenoids and minerals such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and zinc. It is particularly very important because of the presence of a very high concentration of omega-3- fatty acids especially α-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid and linoleic acid, which are not generally synthesized in terrestrial plants. Various parts of purslane are known for ethnomedicinal and pharmacological uses because of its anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, skeletal muscle relaxant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-insomnia, analgesic, gastroprotective, neuroprotective, wound healing and antiseptic activities. Due to multiple benefits of purslane, it has become an important wonder crop and various scientists across the globe have shown much interest in it as a healthy food for the future. In this review, we provide an update on the phytochemical and nutritional composition of purslane, its usage as nutritional and an ethnomedicinal plant across the world. We further provide a detailed account on ethnopharmacological studies that have proved the ethnomedicinal properties of purslane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Sajana Sreedharan
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Arun Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology, Government E. Raghavendra Rao Postgraduate Science College, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Department of Environmental Science, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Song M, Ying Z, Ying X, Jia L, Yang G. Three novel alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L. and their anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Fitoterapia 2021; 156:105087. [PMID: 34798165 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.105087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Three novel alkaloids, identified as (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylamide (1), named oleracrylimide A, (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (2), named oleracrylimide B, and (E)-N-((2R)-3-(2,5-dihydroxy-4-((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(((3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acrylamide (3), named oleracrylimide C were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. and the structures of the three novel compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, circular dichroism, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS spectroscopic methods. Moreover, the bioactivities of anti-inflammation of the three compounds were investigated via testing RAW 264.7 macrophage cell stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhengming Ying
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Liu X, Wu H, Tao X, Ying X, Stien D. Two amide glycosides from Portulaca oleracea L. and its bioactivities. Nat Prod Res 2021; 35:2655-2659. [PMID: 34414848 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1660333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two novel amide glycosides, named oleraciamide E (1) and oleraciamide F (2), were isolated from the Portulaca oleracea L. Their structures were determined by means of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS methods. Oleraciamide E (1) exhibited anticholinesterase activity with IC50 values of 52.43 ± 0.33 μM, and presented scavenging activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical quenching assay, with the IC50 values of 24.64 ± 0.33 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Wu
- Cancer Intervention Department, Shenyang Sujiatun District Central Hospital, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Didier Stien
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Microbienne, Banyuls-sur-mer, France
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25
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Structural characteristics of a highly branched and acetylated pectin from Portulaca oleracea L. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Effect of the polysaccharides derived from Dendrobium officinale stems on human HT-29 colorectal cancer cells and a zebrafish model. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chang Z, Jian P, Zhang Q, Liang W, Zhou K, Hu Q, Liu Y, Liu R, Zhang L. Tannins in Terminalia bellirica inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma growth by regulating EGFR-signaling and tumor immunity. Food Funct 2021; 12:3720-3739. [PMID: 33900343 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. (TB) are used as a multi-use therapeutic herbal product in the Tibetan medicinal system and are prescribed as a general health tonic in the traditional Ayurvedic medicinal system. It has been demonstrated that these fruits have a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and immunoregulatory effects, etc. However, the therapeutic effects of tannins in TB on HCC and the underlying mechanisms remain uncharacterized. In the current study, we aimed to identify the anti-tumor effect of tannins in TB by employing a H22 xenograft mouse model and by performing cell-based in vitro studies with the assistance of the network pharmacology analysis. The crude extract of TB was purified to yield total tannin fraction (TB-TF), and our results found that TB-TF significantly inhibited the tumor growth of H22 xenografts in mice by inducing apoptosis and reducing angiogenesis. A total of 90 compounds were then identified in TB-TF by UPLC-MS/MS, and 27 were found in serum after oral administration of TB-TF in mice. The network pharmacology analysis based on these absorbed components was performed and, along with experimental evidence, it revealed that the ERBB, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in the anti-tumor effect of TB-TF on HCC. Furthermore, we suggested that TB-TF effectively modulated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in H22 xenograft mice. In summary, our study demonstrated that TB-TF could be developed as a functional food, which is not only a promising anti-cancer reagent but also a potential candidate with bright prospects for the emerging trends of immunotherapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Chang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Ping Jian
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Qiunan Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Wenyi Liang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Hu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqi Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Lanzhen Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
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Fu J, Wang H, Dong C, Xi C, Xie J, Lai S, Chen R, Kang J. Water-soluble alkaloids isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:105023. [PMID: 34091292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen new water-soluble alkaloids were obtained from the fresh herbs of Portulaca oleracea L. The structures of 15 alkaloids 1-15 were established according to spectroscopic data, and the stereoconfigurations were determined based on experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Alkaloids 1-15 were found to display good anti-inflammatory activity at 10 μM and could significantly reduce the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO) levels induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chaoxuan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital, Jinan University, 613 W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510630, China
| | - Chuchu Xi
- Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shengtian Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ruoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Xiannongtan Street, Beijing 100050, China.
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Han Q, Huang L, Luo Q, Wang Y, Wu M, Sun S, Zhang H, Wang Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of biotin-conjugated Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides. RSC Adv 2021; 11:18084-18092. [PMID: 35480215 PMCID: PMC9033186 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02226a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotinylated Portulaca oleracea polysaccharide (Bio-POP) conjugates were successfully prepared by the esterification reaction. The biotinylated polysaccharide products were an off-white powder with an average degree of substitution of 42.5%. After grafting biotin onto POP, the thermal stability of Bio-POP conjugates was much higher than that of POP and the surface topography of Bio-POP was a loose and porous cross-linked structure. The cytotoxicity assay in vitro demonstrated that POP, biotin, and Bio-POP conjugates exhibited different cytotoxicity to HeLa, MCF-7, LO-2, and A549, in particular POP inhibited the growth of the A549 cell line more than other cell lines. The nuclear staining method demonstrated that Bio-POP conjugates can interfere with the apoptosis of A549 cells to some extent and the immunofluorescence staining photograph illustrated that Bio-POP conjugates induced A549 cells to exhibit immune activity. Therefore, the combination of biotin and Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides had immune synergistic therapeutic effects on A549 cells and can be applied in the field of anti-tumor conjugate drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Han
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing City Jiangsu Province 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Yancheng First People's Hospital Yancheng 224006 China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing City Jiangsu Province 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing City Jiangsu Province 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Wu
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Sun
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University Yancheng City Jiangsu Province 224051 People's Republic of China
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30
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Xu W, Wang J, Ju B, Lan X, Ying X, Stien D. Seven compounds from Portulaca oleracea L. and their anticholinesterase activities. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2547-2553. [PMID: 33926330 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1916928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel lignan, identified as 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3a,4-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one, named oleralignan A (1), together with six known compounds, loliolide (2), isololiolide (3), dehydrololiolide (4), daphnetin (5), esculetin (6), and trans-coumaric acid methyl ester (7) was obtained from Portulaca oleracea L., while compounds 3, 4, 6, and 7 were isolated from the plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including one- and two-dimensional NMR and high-resolution electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition, the results of activity assay demonstrated that compounds 1-7 have anticholinesterase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Baozhao Ju
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiujuan Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Didier Stien
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Microbiennes (LBBM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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31
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Ofoedu CE, You L, Osuji CM, Iwouno JO, Kabuo NO, Ojukwu M, Agunwah IM, Chacha JS, Muobike OP, Agunbiade AO, Sardo G, Bono G, Okpala COR, Korzeniowska M. Hydrogen Peroxide Effects on Natural-Sourced Polysacchrides: Free Radical Formation/Production, Degradation Process, and Reaction Mechanism-A Critical Synopsis. Foods 2021; 10:699. [PMID: 33806060 PMCID: PMC8064442 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous reactive oxygen species (ROS) entities exist, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is very key among them as it is well known to possess a stable but poor reactivity capable of generating free radicals. Considered among reactive atoms, molecules, and compounds with electron-rich sites, free radicals emerging from metabolic reactions during cellular respirations can induce oxidative stress and cause cellular structure damage, resulting in diverse life-threatening diseases when produced in excess. Therefore, an antioxidant is needed to curb the overproduction of free radicals especially in biological systems (in vivo and in vitro). Despite the inherent properties limiting its bioactivities, polysaccharides from natural sources increasingly gain research attention given their position as a functional ingredient. Improving the functionality and bioactivity of polysaccharides have been established through degradation of their molecular integrity. In this critical synopsis; we articulate the effects of H2O2 on the degradation of polysaccharides from natural sources. Specifically, the synopsis focused on free radical formation/production, polysaccharide degradation processes with H2O2, the effects of polysaccharide degradation on the structural characteristics; physicochemical properties; and bioactivities; in addition to the antioxidant capability. The degradation mechanisms involving polysaccharide's antioxidative property; with some examples and their respective sources are briefly summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chigozie E. Ofoedu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.Y.); (J.S.C.); (A.O.A.)
| | - Lijun You
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.Y.); (J.S.C.); (A.O.A.)
| | - Chijioke M. Osuji
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
| | - Jude O. Iwouno
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
| | - Ngozi O. Kabuo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
| | - Moses Ojukwu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
- Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ijeoma M. Agunwah
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
| | - James S. Chacha
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.Y.); (J.S.C.); (A.O.A.)
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, 3006 Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Onyinye P. Muobike
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 460114 Imo, Nigeria; (C.M.O.); (J.O.I.); (N.O.K.); (M.O.); (I.M.A.); (O.P.M.)
| | - Adedoyin O. Agunbiade
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (L.Y.); (J.S.C.); (A.O.A.)
- Department of Food Technology, University of Ibadan, 200284 Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Giacomo Sardo
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy; (G.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Gioacchino Bono
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies—IRBIM, National Research Council (CNR), Via Vaccara, 61, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy; (G.S.); (G.B.)
| | - Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Korzeniowska
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Han Q, Huang L, Wang Y, Sun S, Huang H, Li F, Wang F, Chen L, Zhang H, Wang Y. Platinum (II)-coordinated Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides as metal-drug based polymers for anticancer study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 201:111628. [PMID: 33639509 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Novel polysaccharide-platinum conjugated polymers bearing alendronate on Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides (PPS) were designed and synthesized. Their chemical structures and properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectrophotometer (UV-vis) and other analysis methods. The results demonstrated that alendronate can be used as the linker of Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides and platinum compounds. Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides-alendronate (PPS-ALN) conjugates exhibited stronger antioxidant ability than PPS. The cytotoxicity assay to cancer cells was tested in vitro, and the Portulaca oleracea polysaccharides-alendronate-platinum (PPS-ALN-Pt) conjugates strongly inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells than PPS and PPS-ALN. The evaluation of complexes affinity toward supercoiled plasmid DNA, displayed a high DNA interaction. Interestingly, the platinum conjugates displayed immunological competence in HeLa cells by cellular immunofluorescence assay. Besides, the cellular platinum accumulation of PPS-ALN-Pt conjugates was higher than that of cisplatin in HeLa cells, implying that the polysaccharide-platinum conjugated polymers might have a synergistically therapeutic application in metal anticancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Han
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirong Huang
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Yancheng First People's Hospital, Yancheng, 224006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China; Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Sun
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangtian Wang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligen Chen
- Department of Bioengineering School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, 224051, People's Republic of China.
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Mzoughi Z, Majdoub H. Pectic polysaccharides from edible halophytes: Insight on extraction processes, structural characterizations and immunomodulatory potentials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:554-579. [PMID: 33508358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The preparation, chemical properties and bio-activities of polysaccharides derived from halophytes have gained an increasing interest in the past few years. Phytochemical and pharmacological reports have shown that carbohydrates are important biologically active compounds of halophytes with numerous biological potentials. It is believed that the mechanisms involved in these bio-activities are due to the modulation of immune system. The main objective of this summary is to appraise available literature of a comparative study on the extraction, structural characterizations and biological potentials, particularly immunomodulatory effects, of carbohydrates isolated from halophytes (10 families). This review also attempts to discuss on bioactivities of polysaccharides related with their structure-activity relationship. Data indicated that the highest polysaccharides yield of around 35% was obtained under microwave irradiation. Structurally, results revealed that the most of extracted carbohydrates are pectic polysaccharides which mainly composed of arabinose (from 0.9 to 72%), accompanied by other monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, rhamnose, mannose and xylose), significant amounts of uronic acids (from 18.9 to 90.1%) and some proportions of fucose (from 0.2 to 8.3%). The molecular mass of these pectic polysaccharides was varied from 10 to 2650 kDa. Hence, the evaluation of these polysaccharides offers a great opportunity to discover novel therapeutic agents that presented especially beneficial immunomodulatory properties. Moreover, reports indicated that uronic acids, molecular weights, as well as the presence of sulfate and unmethylated acidic groups may play a significant role in biological activities of carbohydrates from halophyte species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Mzoughi
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
| | - Hatem Majdoub
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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Component Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of CO 2 Extract of Portulaca oleracea, Growing in the Territory of Kazakhstan. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:5434525. [PMID: 33551685 PMCID: PMC7846396 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5434525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the medicine of many countries, the use of herbal healing agents included a significant contribution to improving human health and well-being. Many antibiotics have been widely used to treat infectious diseases caused by various pathogenic bacteria. However, increased multidrug resistance has led to increased severity of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. Bacteria remain the main causative agents of diseases that cause human death, even in the present day. This cause prompted scientists to investigate alternative new molecules against bacterial strains. The significant interest for the study is Portulaca oleracea L. (family Portulacaceae), a widespread annual plant used in folk medicine. Thus, the production and study of CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea is an actual problem. Methods. Raw materials were collected from Almaty and Zhambyl regions (Southeast and South Kazakhstan) in phase flowering. Portulaca oleracea herb's CO2 extract was obtained by subcritical carbon dioxide extraction (installation of carbon dioxide flow-through extraction- 5L). The Wiley 7th edition and NIST'02 library were used to identify the mass spectra obtained. The antimicrobial activity study was conducted by the micromethod of serial dilution and disco-diffuse method. Standard test strains of microorganisms were used: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Results. The use of carbon dioxide extraction (further CO2 extract) is a promising direction of obtaining total medicinal substances containing biologically active substances, from fractions of volatile esters of various composition and functional purpose until a fraction of fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. In the current study, we obtained CO2 extract at subcritical conditions from aboveground organs of Portulaca oleracea and investigated the component composition for the first time. From 41 to 66 components were identified in the composition of Portulaca oleracea‘s CO2 extract. Studies of antimicrobial activity showed that CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea had the expressed effect against clinically significant microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. Conclusions. This study showed that CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea's raw material contained biological active compounds exhibiting a significant antimicrobial effect.
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Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and one of the most important public health problems in the world. And every year, millions of new cancers and hundreds of thousands of cancer-related deaths are reported worldwide. In recent decades, a number of biologically active polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes have been isolated from plants, lichen, algae, yeast, fungi and mushroom, and due to their antitumor and immunomodulatory properties, these compounds have received considerable attention. Overall, the two key mechanisms by which polysaccharides act on tumor cells are direct action (inhibition of cancer cell growth and induction of programmed cell death/apoptosis) and indirect action (stimulation of immunity). Immunosuppressive effects are recognizable in both cancer patients and tumor bearing animals, suggesting that the immune system plays an important role in the immune surveillance of cancer cells. Thus, enhancement of the host immune response has been evaluated as a possible way of inhibiting tumor growth without damaging the host. In addition to their therapeutic and prophylactic properties, the polysaccharides are effective and less toxic than chemotherapy. The anticancer activity and immunomodulatory effects of most polysaccharides have shown the promising and real potential for the benefits of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anley Teferra Kiddane
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Do Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Science, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Yang Y, Sun X, Zhao Y, Ge W, Ding Z, Liu J, Wang L, Xu X, Zhang J. Anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity of a succinoglycan riclin. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 255:117370. [PMID: 33436203 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides have attracted considerable interests due to diverse biological activities. Succinoglycan is an extracellular polysaccharide produced by most Agrobacterium strains. Here, we confirmed riclin was a typical succinoglycan by NMR and methylation analysis, and investigated the antitumor effects of riclin in sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that riclin inhibited the tumor growth significantly as well as cyclophosphamide (CTX). While CTX caused serious damage to spleen structure, riclin increased the spleen index and promoted lymphocytes proliferation in peripheral blood, spleen and lymph nodes. Riclin decreased splenocytes apoptosis as evidenced by alterations of B-cell lymphoma-2 family proteins and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein. Moreover, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics analysis revealed that riclin partially altered the metabolic profiles of splenocytes. In conclusion, riclin is a succinoglycan that performed strong immunogenicity and suppressed sarcoma growth in mice. Succinoglycan riclin could be a potential antitumor agent for functional food and pharmaceutical purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xiaqing Sun
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Wenhao Ge
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Zhao Ding
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Junhao Liu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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Duan Y, Ying Z, Zhang M, Ying X, Yang G. Two new homoisoflavones from Portulaca oleracea L. and their activities. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:1765-1773. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1815742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Zheming Ying
- School of The First Clinic, , Shenyang, PR China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- School of The First Clinic, , Shenyang, PR China
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Mateos-Maces L, Chávez-Servia JL, Vera-Guzmán AM, Aquino-Bolaños EN, Alba-Jiménez JE, Villagómez-González BB. Edible Leafy Plants from Mexico as Sources of Antioxidant Compounds, and Their Nutritional, Nutraceutical and Antimicrobial Potential: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E541. [PMID: 32575671 PMCID: PMC7346153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of indigenous Mexican plants with edible stems and leaves and their nutritional and nutraceutical potential was conducted, complemented by the authors' experiences. In Mexico, more than 250 species with edible stems, leaves, vines and flowers, known as "quelites," are collected or are cultivated and consumed. The assessment of the quelite composition depends on the chemical characteristics of the compounds being evaluated; the protein quality is a direct function of the amino acid content, which is evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the contribution of minerals is evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or ICP mass spectrometry. The total contents of phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, saponins and other general compounds have been analyzed using UV-vis spectrophotometry and by HPLC. For the determination of specific compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, organic acids and other profiles, it is recommended to use HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-DAD, UFLC-PDA or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The current biochemical analysis and biological evaluations were performed to understand the mechanisms of action that lead to decreased glucose levels and lipid peroxidation, increased hypoglycemic and antitumor activity, immune system improvement, increased antibacterial and antifungal activity and, in some cases, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mateos-Maces
- Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, Colegio de Posgraduados, Carr. México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Chávez-Servia
- CIIDIR-Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (A.M.V.-G.); (B.B.V.-G.)
| | | | - Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
| | - Jimena E. Alba-Jiménez
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
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Evaluation of used Purslane extracts in Tris extenders on cryopreserved goat sperm. Cryobiology 2020; 94:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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40
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Li K, Sun S, Kageyama M, Xiao L, Xing G, Gao R, You F, Fu X, Zhang Z. Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Honey Bee Larva Powder. J Med Food 2020; 23:772-782. [PMID: 32456573 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bee larva powder (HLP) has traditionally been used as a daily supplement and tonic for health promotion with an uncertain scientific basis. In this study, B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice were established to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of HLP. The proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of honey bee larva extract (HLE) in RAW 264.7 macrophage. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the oral administration of freeze-dried HLP (4 and 6 g/kg) significantly enhanced the spleen index, the percentage of CD4+cells, and the ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD4+/CD8+) in the peripheral blood compared with those in the tumor control mice. The in vitro studies demonstrated the potent immunomodulatory activities of HLE through the induction of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation and the mitigation of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced toxicity. HLE also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage. The present study provides important scientific evidence for the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of HLP and HLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejuan Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Shengshi Rongen Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | | | - Long Xiao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Guoqing Xing
- Nature Industry of Tsukuba Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ran Gao
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengming You
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Li Y, Hu Z, Wang X, Wu M, Zhou H, Zhang Y. Characterization of a polysaccharide with antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer potentials from the corn silk cultivated in Jilin province. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1105-1113. [PMID: 31712136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Corn silk polysaccharides (CSPs) were extracted from the corn silk cultivated in Jilin province, China, where is one of the golden corn belts worldwide. Three fractions (CSP-1, CSP-2 and CSP-3) were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose and the former two fractions were further purified by Sephadex G-150 column chromatography to obtain CSP-S-1 and CSP-S-2. The molecular weights of CSP-S-1 and CSP-S-2 were calculated to be 586 kDa and 813 kDa, respectively. CSP-S-1 was composed of galactose, arabinose, xylose and rhamnose at a molar ratio of 4.16:1.00:1.01:6.32 and CSP-S-2 was composed of galactose, arabinose, glucose and rhamnose at a molar ratio of 8.71:3.58:0.169:1.00. CSP-S-2 outperformed CSP-S-1 in scavenging DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radicals, and significantly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells. IR and NMR analysis indicated that CSP-S-2 was pyranose. CSP-S-2 consisted of 1 → 4 and 1 → 6 linkages and exhibited a triple helix configuration. In summary, CSP-S-2 possesses high potential to be developed as a novel antioxidant and anti-cervical cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Zhengyu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Meifu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Resources and Comprehensive Utilization of Jilin Provence, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China.
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Chen X, Ji H, Zhang C, Yu J, Liu A. Structural characterization and antitumor activity of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chemical modifications of polysaccharides and their anti-tumor activities. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 229:115436. [PMID: 31826393 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the rising trend of incidence of cancers, effective therapies are urgently needed to control human malignancies. However, the chemotherapy drugs currently on the market cause serious side effects. Polysaccharides belong to a class of biomacromolecules, which have drawn considerable research interest over the years as it possess anti-cancer activities or can increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs with fewer side effects. The antitumor activity of many polysaccharides was significantly increased after modification. Based on these encouraging observations, a great deal of effort has been focused on discovering anti-cancer polysaccharides and modified derivatives for the development of effective therapeutics for various human cancers. This review highlights recent advances on the major chemical modification methods of polysaccharides, and discusses the effect of molecular modification on the physicochemical properties and anti-tumor activities of polysaccharides. Meanwhile, the underlying anti-tumor mechanisms of polysaccharide and its modified derivatives were also discussed.
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Nhu TQ, Bich Hang BT, Bach LT, Buu Hue BT, Quetin-Leclercq J, Scippo ML, Phuong NT, Kestemont P. Plant extract-based diets differently modulate immune responses and resistance to bacterial infection in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:913-924. [PMID: 31306761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A feeding trial was performed to compare the effects of five ethanol herbal extracts (bhumi amla, Phyllanthus amarus Schum and Thonn [Pa]; guava, Psidium guajava L. [Pg]; sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica L. [Mp]; neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss [Ai] and asthma plant, Euphorbia hirta L. [Eh]) on the immune response and disease resistance against Edwardsiella ictaluri infection of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Fish were fed diets supplemented with two doses of each plant extract (0% [basal diet], 0.4% Eh [Eh0.4], 2.0% Eh [Eh2.0], 0.2% Pa [Pa0.2], 1.0% Pa [Pa1.0], 0.2% Pg [Pg0.2], 1.0% Pg [Pg1.0], 0.4% Mp [Mp0.4], 2.0% Mp [Mp2.0], 0.4% Ai [Ai0.4], 2.0% Ai [Ai2.0]) for 8 weeks. Results showed that hematological parameters (total red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils) of fish fed extract-based diets were significantly higher than in those fed the control diet (p < 0.05) after 4 and 8 weeks. Plasma lysozyme activity increased in fish whose diets contained both doses of Eh (p < 0.05) in week 4 (W4), whereas lysozyme activity increased in fish fed 0.2% Pa and Pg, and 2.0% Ai and Eh (p < 0.05) in week 8 (W8). The lysozyme levels in skin mucus did not significantly differ between treatments (p > 0.05) in W4 and after the bacterial challenge test. At the end of the feeding trial, levels of ACH50 significantly increased in most of extract groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Total immunoglobulin increased considerably in both the plasma and skin mucus of fish fed extract-supplemented diets after 8 weeks. In addition, dietary supplementation with Pg, Mp, Pa0.2, Eh2.0, and Ai0.4 for 8 weeks considerably reduced the cumulative mortality against E. ictaluri infection in striped catfish. The results suggest that plant extracts possibly modulate the striped catfish immune response in a time and dose dependent manner. Specifically, diets enriched with extracts of P. guajava at 0.2 and 1.0%, or M. pudica at 2.0% for 8 weeks, have great potential for improving striped catfish health by enhancing the immune system and reducing mortality against bacterial challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Quynh Nhu
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam.
| | - Bui Thi Bich Hang
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam.
| | - Le Thi Bach
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam.
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam.
| | - Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 72 Bte B1. 72.03, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Bât. B43bis, 10 Avenue de Cureghem, Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Nguyen Thanh Phuong
- College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam.
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur (UNamur), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium.
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Patanapongpibul M, Chen QH. Immune Modulation of Asian Folk Herbal Medicines and Related Chemical Components for Cancer Management. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3042-3067. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170705112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Various exciting immunotherapies aiming to address immune deficiency induced
by tumor and treatment hold promise in improving the quality of life and survival
rate of cancer patients. It is thus becoming an important and rewarding arena to develop
some appropriate immune modulators for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Exploitation
of natural products-based immune modulators is of particular imperative because the
potential of numerous traditional herbal medicines and edible mushrooms in boosting
human immune system has long been verified by folklore practices. This review summarizes
the immune modulations of various herbal medicines and edible mushrooms, their
crude extracts, and/or key chemical components that have been, at least partly, associated
with their cancer management. This article also tabulates the origin of species, key
chemical components, and clinical studies of these herbal medicines and edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manee Patanapongpibul
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
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Zhao C, Zhang C, He F, Zhang W, Leng A, Ying X. Two new alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L. and their bioactivities. Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Rahimi VB, Ajam F, Rakhshandeh H, Askari VR. A Pharmacological Review on Portulaca oleracea L.: Focusing on Anti-Inflammatory, Anti- Oxidant, Immuno-Modulatory and Antitumor Activities. J Pharmacopuncture 2019; 22:7-15. [PMID: 30988996 PMCID: PMC6461301 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2019.22.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea L. (PO) or Purslane is an annual grassy plant that is distributed in many parts of the world, especially the tropical and subtropical areas. PO has some pharmacological properties such as analgesic, antibacterial, skeletal muscle-relaxant, wound-healing, anti- inflammatory and a radical scavenger. This review article is focused on the anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities of the PO. Anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anti-oxidant and Anti-tumor effects of PO were searched using various databases until the end of August 2018. The online literature was searched using PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Our review showed that PO exerts its effects through anti-inflammatory properties and balancing the adaptive and innate immune system depending on situations. PO acts as immune-modulator and anti-oxidant agent in both inflammatory states by the dominance of Th2 response such as asthma, cancer and atopic dermatitis and evoked Th1 disorders including hepatitis and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farideh Ajam
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hasan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Xu Z, Wang B, Fu L, Wang H, Liu J, Zhou L, Yuan M, Ding C. Optimization Extraction, Purification and Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides from Penthorum Chinense Pursh. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2018-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPenthorum chinense Pursh is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, however, little attention has been paid to the polysaccharides of P. chinense (PCP). Therefore, it is great significance to investigate the characteristics and activities of PCP. In this study, response surface methodology was applied to optimize the extraction parameters of PCP. Then, two polysaccharides fractions (PCP-1 and PCP-2) were purified from PCP by using DEAE-52 chromatography, and there preliminary chemical properties and in vitro antioxidant activities were investigated. Results revealed that the optimum extraction conditions of PCP were identified as follow: ratio of water to raw material 20.6 mL/g; extraction time 3.5 h and extraction temperature 85°C. Based on these conditions, the maximum yield of PCP was 3.12% ± 0.19%. Purified fractions PCP-1 and PCP-2 were all acidic heteropolysaccharides, and PCP-1 mainly consisted of galactose and arabinose while PCP-2 mainly consisted of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose and arabinose. Moreover, PCP-2 exhibited stronger scavenging activities against DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion radical and chelating activity on Fe2+in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Bulei Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Liang Fu
- Dazhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Da’zhou635000, P. R. China
| | - Handong Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
| | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, 625014, P. R. China
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Structural characterization and immunological activity of polysaccharides from the tuber of Bletilla striata. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 122:628-635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fan XJ, Liu SZ, Li HH, He J, Feng JT, Zhang X, Yan H. Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. extract on lipid oxidation and color of pork meat during refrigerated storage. Meat Sci 2019; 147:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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