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Easson MW, Jordan JH, Edwards JV, Prevost NT, Dupre RA, Hillyer MB, Lima IM, Nam S. Assessment of Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Elastase Biosensors to Inflammatory Disease as a Function of Spacer Length and Fluorescence Response. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1490-1500. [PMID: 38377436 PMCID: PMC10951950 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease biomarker detection has become a high priority in point-of-care diagnostic research in relation to chronic wounds, with a variety of sensor-based designs becoming available. Herein, two primary aspects of biosensor design are examined: (1) assessment of a cellulose nanofiber (CNF) matrix derived from cotton ginning byproducts as a sensor transducer surface; and (2) assessment of the relation of spacer length and morphology between the CNF cellulose backbone and peptide fluorophore as a function of sensor activity for porcine pancreatic and human neutrophil elastases. X-ray crystallography, specific surface area, and pore size analyses confirmed the suitability of CNF as a matrix for wound care diagnostics. Based upon the normalized degree of substitution, a pegylated-linker connecting CNF transducer substrate to peptide fluorophore showed the greatest fluorescence response, compared to short- and long-chain alkylated linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Easson
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Jacobs H. Jordan
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - J. Vincent Edwards
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Nicolette T. Prevost
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Dupre
- Oak
Ridge Institute for Science and Education, U.S. Department of Energy, 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthew B. Hillyer
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Isabel M. Lima
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
| | - Sunghyun Nam
- US
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Allen Toussaint Blvd, New Orleans, Louisiana 70124, United States
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2
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Nanoengineering and green chemistry-oriented strategies toward nanocelluloses for protein sensing. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102758. [PMID: 36037672 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most important functional organic macromolecules of life, proteins not only participate in the cell metabolism and gene regulation, they also earnestly protect the body's immunity system, leading to a powerful biological shield and homeostasis. Advances in nanomaterials are boosting the significant progress in various applications, including the sensing and examination of proteins in trace amount. Nanocellulose-oriented protein sensing is at the forefront of this revolution. The inherent feature of high biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, high specific area, good durability and marketability endow nanocellulose with great superiority in protein sensing. Here, we highlight the recent progress of protein sensing using nanocellulose as the biosensor in trace amount. Besides, various kinds of construction strategies for nanocelluloses-based biosensors are discussed in detail, to enhance the agility and accuracy of clinical/medical diagnostics. Finally, several challenges in the approbatory identification of new approaches for the marketization of biomedical sensing that need further expedition in the future are highlighted.
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3
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Li S, Chen H, Liu X, Li P, Wu W. Nanocellulose as a promising substrate for advanced sensors and their applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:473-487. [PMID: 35870627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has broad and promising applications owing to its low density, large specific surface area, high mechanical strength, modifiability, renewability. Recently, nanocellulose has been widely used to fabricate flexible, durable and environmental-friendly sensor substrates. In this contribution, the construction and characteristics of nanocellulose-based sensors are comprehensively reviewed. Various nanocellulose-based sensors are summarized and divided into colorimetric, fluorescent, electronic, electrochemical and SERS types according to the sensing mechanism. This review also introduces the applications of nanocellulose-based sensors in the fields of biomedicine, environmental monitoring, food safety, and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Detection of Human Neutrophil Elastase by Fluorescent Peptide Sensors Conjugated to TEMPO-Oxidized Nanofibrillated Cellulose. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063101. [PMID: 35328520 PMCID: PMC8952216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide–cellulose conjugates designed for use as optical protease sensors have gained interest for point-of-care (POC) detection. Elevated serine protease levels are often found in patients with chronic illnesses, necessitating optimal biosensor design for POC assessment. Nanocellulose provides a platform for protease sensors as a transducer surface, and the employment of nanocellulose in this capacity combines its biocompatibility and high specific surface area properties to confer sensitive detection of dilute biomarkers. However, a basic understanding of the spatiotemporal relationships of the transducer surface and sensor disposition is needed to improve protease sensor design and development. Here, we examine a tripeptide, fluorogenic elastase biosensor attached to TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose via a polyethylene glycol linker. The synthetic conjugate was found to be active in the presence of human neutrophil elastase at levels comparable to other cellulose-based biosensors. Computational models examined the relationship of the sensor molecule to the transducer surface. The results illustrate differences in two crystallite transducer surfaces ((110) vs. (1−10)) and reveal preferred orientations of the sensor. Finally, a determination of the relative (110) vs. (1−10) orientations of crystals extracted from cotton demonstrates a preference for the (1−10) conformer. This model study potentiates the HNE sensor results for enhanced sensor activity design.
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Khanjanzadeh H, Park BD. Covalent immobilization of bromocresol purple on cellulose nanocrystals for use in pH-responsive indicator films. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118550. [PMID: 34560962 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study developed pH-indicator films by combining esterified cellulose nanocrystals (e-CNCs) with activated bromocresol purple (a-BCP) via covalent bonding for pH-sensitive color-changing applications. The e-CNC/a-BCP particles were incorporated into cellulose acetate polymer to prepare pH-sensitive color changing films. Binding of a-BCP to e-CNCs was proven by attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Colorimetric analysis showed that films containing 10% or 15% e-CNC/a-BCP particles had critical color changes either at pH 4-5, or pH 7-8. The films with 10% e-CNC/a-BCP particles also revealed excellent leaching resistance under acidic conditions. Color changes were reversible between pH 2 and 10. These pH-indicator films had visible color changes in response to pH variations, color reversibility, leaching resistance, and sufficient rigidity even though mechanical properties decreased as the e-CNC/a-BCP content increased from 0% to 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khanjanzadeh
- Department of Wood and Paper Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Dae Park
- Department of Wood and Paper Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Nawaz H, Zhang X, Chen S, You T, Xu F. Recent studies on cellulose-based fluorescent smart materials and their applications: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118135. [PMID: 34119124 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The progress of bio-based fluorescent smart materials and their multifunctional applications have attained increasing interest in the recent decades. Cellulose is among the cheapest and widespread raw material on earth which can be modified into diverse useful materials. This review summarizes the chemical modification of cellulose into smart fluorescent materials. This further highlights on the fabrication of the prepared fluorescent materials into films, fibers, paper strips, carbon dots, hydrogels and solutions which are applied for the sensing of toxic metals and anions, pH, bioimaging, common organic solvents, aliphatic and aromatic amines, nitroaromatics, fluorescent printing, coating, and anti-counterfeiting applications. Finally, the discussion about the upcoming investigations, challenges, and options open for the cellulose-based luminescence sensors are communicated. We believe that this review will appeal more and more attention and curiosity for the chemists, biochemists, and chemical engineers working with the synthesis of cellulose-based fluorescent materials for widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tingting You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Rajapaksha AA, Fu YX, Guo WY, Liu SY, Li ZW, Xiong CQ, Yang WC, Yang GF. Review on the recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes targeting enzymes. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 9. [PMID: 33873170 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/abf988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are very important for biological processes in a living being, performing similar or multiple tasks in and out of cells, tissues and other organisms at a particular location. The abnormal activity of particular enzyme usually caused serious diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. Hence, nondestructive and real-time visualization for certain enzyme is very important for understanding the biological issues, as well as the drug administration and drug metabolism. Fluorescent cellular probe-based enzyme detectionin vitroandin vivohas become broad interest for human disease diagnostics and therapeutics. This review highlights the recent findings and designs of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent cellular probes targeting enzymes for quantitative analysis and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanka Amith Rajapaksha
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nano Science Technology, Faculty of Technology, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi-Xuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yingzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Qin Xiong
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital-Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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Fluorescence Determination of Peptidase Activity Based on the Quenching of a Fluorophore-Labelled Peptide by Graphene Oxide. Protein J 2021; 40:682-688. [PMID: 33856620 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-09985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a fluorescence detection strategy is reported for the peptidase activity assay, which is based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from a fluorophore-labelled peptide to graphene oxide (GO). By the hydrolysis of the peptide, the fluorophore-labelled peptide releases the fluorophore 5-carboxyfluorescein, which can avoid quenching from GO. Thus, the increased intensity of the obtained fluorescence signal in the assay is directly dependent on the peptidase activity. As a model case of the developed strategy, the activity determination of pancreatic elastase (PE) is performed. Under the optimal experimental conditions at an excitation wavelength of 494 nm, the activity of PE can be determined in the range from 0.003 to 0.10 U/mL, with a detection limit of 0.001 U/mL at the emission wavelength of 518 nm. This is ultra-sensitive for the determination of PE. The specificity of the method is demonstrated by the analysis of PE under complex conditions using fetal bovine serum as the substrate. Hence, the developed method might provide an intrinsically convenient, sensitive platform for the PE activity assay and related biochemical studies due to its homogeneous, and fluorescence-based detection strategy.
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9
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Wang Z, Gong L, Zeng H, Yang T, Luo X. A novel ratiometric electrochemical cupric ion sensing strategy based on unmodified electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1146:11-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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10
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Jasmani L, Rusli R, Khadiran T, Jalil R, Adnan S. Application of Nanotechnology in Wood-Based Products Industry: A Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2020; 15:207. [PMID: 33146807 PMCID: PMC7642047 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifah Jasmani
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rafeadah Rusli
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Tumirah Khadiran
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rafidah Jalil
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sharmiza Adnan
- Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Malaysia
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Kamel S, A. Khattab T. Recent Advances in Cellulose-Based Biosensors for Medical Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E67. [PMID: 32560377 PMCID: PMC7345568 DOI: 10.3390/bios10060067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose has attracted much interest, particularly in medical applications such as advanced biosensing devices. Cellulose could provide biosensors with enhanced biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity, which could be useful for biosensors. Thus, they play a significant role in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostic tools, forensic science, and foodstuff processing safety applications. This review summarizes the recent developments in cellulose-based biosensors targeting the molecular design principles toward medical detection purposes. The recognition/detection mechanisms of cellulose-based biosensors demonstrate two major classes of measurable signal generation, including optical and electrochemical cellulosic biosensors. As a result of their simplicity, high sensitivity, and low cost, cellulose-based optical biosensors are particularly of great interest for including label-free and label-driven (fluorescent and colorimetric) biosensors. There have been numerous types of cellulose substrates employed in biosensors, including several cellulose derivatives, nano-cellulose, bacterial cellulose, paper, gauzes, and hydrogels. These kinds of cellulose-based biosensors were discussed according to their preparation procedures and detection principle. Cellulose and its derivatives with their distinctive chemical structure have demonstrated to be versatile materials, affording a high-quality platform for accomplishing the immobilization process of biologically active molecules into biosensors. Cellulose-based biosensors exhibit a variety of desirable characteristics, such as sensitivity, accuracy, convenience, quick response, and low-cost. For instance, cellulose paper-based biosensors are characterized as being low-cost and easy to operate, while nano-cellulose biosensors are characterized as having a good dispersion, high absorbance capacity, and large surface area. Cellulose and its derivatives have been promising materials in biosensors which could be employed to monitor various bio-molecules, such as urea, glucose, cell, amino acid, protein, lactate, hydroquinone, gene, and cholesterol. The future interest will focus on the design and construction of multifunctional, miniaturized, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and integrated biosensors. Thus, the production of cellulose-based biosensors is very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kamel
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Tawfik A. Khattab
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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12
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Edogawa S, Edwinson AL, Peters SA, Chikkamenahalli LL, Sundt WJ, Graves S, Gurunathan SV, Breen-Lyles MK, Johnson S, Dyer RB, Graham RP, Chen J, Kashyap P, Farrugia G, Grover M. Serine proteases as luminal mediators of intestinal barrier dysfunction and symptom severity in IBS. Gut 2020; 69:62-73. [PMID: 30923071 PMCID: PMC6765451 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The intestinal lumen contains several proteases. Our aim was to determine the role of faecal proteases in mediating barrier dysfunction and symptoms in IBS. DESIGN 39 patients with IBS and 25 healthy volunteers completed questionnaires, assessments of in vivo permeability, ex vivo colonic barrier function in Ussing chambers, tight junction (TJ) proteins, ultrastructural morphology and 16 s sequencing of faecal microbiota rRNA. A casein-based assay was used to measure proteolytic activity (PA) in faecal supernatants (FSNs). Colonic barrier function was determined in mice (ex-germ free) humanised with microbial communities associated with different human PA states. RESULTS Patients with IBS had higher faecal PA than healthy volunteers. 8/20 postinfection IBS (PI-IBS) and 3/19 constipation- predominant IBS had high PA (>95th percentile). High-PA patients had more and looser bowel movements, greater symptom severity and higher in vivo and ex vivo colonic permeability. High-PA FSNs increased paracellular permeability, decreased occludin and increased phosphorylated myosin light chain (pMLC) expression. Serine but not cysteine protease inhibitor significantly blocked high-PA FSN effects on barrier. The effects on barrier were diminished by pharmacological or siRNA inhibition of protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2). Patients with high-PA IBS had lower occludin expression, wider TJs on biopsies and reduced microbial diversity than patients with low PA. Mice humanised with high-PA IBS microbiota had greater in vivo permeability than those with low-PA microbiota. CONCLUSION A subset of patients with IBS, especially in PI-IBS, has substantially high faecal PA, greater symptoms, impaired barrier and reduced microbial diversity. Commensal microbiota affects luminal PA that can influence host barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Edogawa
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Adam L Edwinson
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stephanie A Peters
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Wendy J Sundt
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sara Graves
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen Johnson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roy B Dyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rondell P. Graham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Purna Kashyap
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gianrico Farrugia
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Madhusudan Grover
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Correspondence: Madhusudan Grover, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Physiology, Enteric NeuroScience Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Tel: 507-284-2478, Fax: 507-266-0350,
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Wang R, Zhang L, Liu R, Liu L, Yao J. Ultra-fast and probe-free cellulose biosensor for visual detection of Cu2+ ions in biological samples. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 223:115117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Neutrophil Elastase Activity Imaging: Recent Approaches in the Design and Applications of Activity-Based Probes and Substrate-Based Probes. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:7417192. [PMID: 31281234 PMCID: PMC6594253 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7417192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The last few decades of protease research has confirmed that a number of important biological processes are strictly dependent on proteolysis. Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a critical protease in immune response and host defense mechanisms in both physiological and disease-associated conditions. Particularly, NE has been identified as a promising biomarker for early diagnosis of lung inflammation. Recent studies have shown an increasing interest in developing methods for NE activity imaging both in vitro and in vivo. Unlike anatomical imaging modalities, functional molecular imaging, including enzymatic activities, enables disease detection at a very early stage and thus constitutes a much more accurate approach. When combined with advanced imaging technologies, opportunities arise for measuring imbalanced proteolytic activities with unprecedented details. Such technologies consist in building the highest resolved and sensitive instruments as well as the most specific probes based either on peptide substrates or on covalent inhibitors. This review outlines strengths and weaknesses of these technologies and discuss their applications to investigate NE activity as biomarker of pulmonary inflammatory diseases by imaging.
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Ferreira AV, Antunes E, Ribeiro A, Matamá T, Azoia NG, Cunha J, Cavaco-Paulo A. Design of a chromogenic substrate for elastase based on split GFP system-Proof of concept for colour switch sensors. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 22:e00324. [PMID: 31049301 PMCID: PMC6479270 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that human neutrophil elastase (HNE) can be used as marker for inflammation/infection of chronic wounds since it was found to be present in high concentration in exudate collected from chronic wounds. Biosensors used in wound care benefit from a chromogenic signalling due to the readiness of signal interpretation, but the most common use faint yellow chromogenic molecules such as p-nitroaniline (pNa). In addition, if to be converted into smart dressings, the colour of the detection system should not be masked by the exudate's colour. In this work, we designed a chromogenic substrate for HNE aiming to be incorporated in a smart dressing as a colour switch sensor. The substrate was developed using the GFP-like chromoprotein ultramarine (UM), following the split GFP technology. The cleavage sequence for HNE (Ala-Ala-Pro-Val) was embedded into the sensing moiety of the substrate corresponding to the 11th β-sheet. In the presence of HNE, the 11th β-sheet is able to interact to the signalling moiety composed of the β1-β10 incomplete barrel, allowing the re-establishment of the chromophore environment and, hence, the colour production. Structural homology and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to aid on the disclosure of the structural changes that are the base of the mechanism of action of this HNE switch substrate. Our findings explore the possible application of GFP-like chromogenic sensors in point-of-care devices for the evaluation of the wounds status, representing a major step in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Preparation and Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose-Carbon Dot Hybrid Nanopaper for Potential Sensing Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app9010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Green and facile approaches aiming at the manufacture of biocompatible paper-based optical sensors reporting the presence of photoluminescence (PL) modulating compounds is an emerging field of research. This study investigates the preparation of bacterial cellulose nanopaper containing covalently immobilized carbon dots for potential biosensing applications. Preliminary work of this feasibility study included TEMPO-mediated ((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl-mediated) oxidation and nanofibrillation of bacterial cellulose (TOBC) on the one hand as well as synthesis and comparative analysis of different types of carbon dots (CDs) on the other hand. The two source materials of the targeted functional nanopaper were finally linked to each other by two different N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/ N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) coupling approaches to clarify whether grafting of CDs prior to or after TOBC paper formation would be the method of choice. Synthesis of the carbon nanodots was accomplished by microwave-assisted co-hydrothermolysis of appropriate precursor compounds. After isolation and purification by dialysis particles in the single-digit nanometer-range were obtained and characterized with regard to their photoluminescence properties in terms of emission wavelength, pH stability, and quantum yield. All types of synthesized CDs reached their PL maxima (450–480 nm; light blue) in a narrow excitation wavelength range of 340–360 nm. Variation of molar (C/N) ratio of the CD precursors and substitution of the nitrogen donor EDEA by urea increased PL and quantum yield (QY), respectively. The highest relative QY of nearly 32% was obtained for CDs synthesized from citric acid and urea. PL of all CDs was virtually insensitive to pH changes in the range of 4–10. Tensile testing of hybrid nanopaper prepared after EDC/NHS-mediated grafting of GEA-type CDs onto TOBC (0.52 mmol·g−1 COOH) in dispersion state revealed that both stiffness and strength are not compromised by incorporation of carbon dots, while plastic deformation and elongation at break increased slightly compared to nanopaper formed prior to decoration with CDs. Water contact angle of the nanopaper is unaffected by introduction of carbon dots which is supposedly due to the presence of surface amino- and amide groups compensating for the loss of carboxyl groups by grafting.
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Edwards JV, Fontenot KR, Liebner F, Condon BD. Peptide-Cellulose Conjugates on Cotton-Based Materials Have Protease Sensor/Sequestrant Activity. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18072334. [PMID: 30021995 PMCID: PMC6068637 DOI: 10.3390/s18072334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The growing incidence of chronic wounds in the world population has prompted increased interest in chronic wound dressings with protease-modulating activity and protease point of care sensors to treat and enable monitoring of elevated protease-based wound pathology. However, the overall design features needed for the combination of a chronic wound dressing that lowers protease activity along with protease detection capability as a single platform for semi-occlusive dressings has scarcely been addressed. The interface of dressing and sensor specific properties (porosity, permeability, moisture uptake properties, specific surface area, surface charge, and detection) relative to sensor bioactivity and protease sequestrant performance is explored here. Measurement of the material’s zeta potential demonstrated a correlation between negative charge and the ability of materials to bind positively charged Human Neutrophil Elastase. Peptide-cellulose conjugates as protease substrates prepared on a nanocellulosic aerogel were assessed for their compatibility with chronic wound dressing design. The porosity, wettability and absorption capacity of the nanocellulosic aerogel were consistent with values observed for semi-occlusive chronic wound dressing designs. The relationship of properties that effect dressing functionality and performance as well as impact sensor sensitivity are discussed in the context of the enzyme kinetics. The sensor sensitivity of the aerogel-based sensor is contrasted with current clinical studies on elastase. Taken together, comparative analysis of the influence of molecular features on the physical properties of three forms of cellulosic transducer surfaces provides a meaningful assessment of the interface compatibility of cellulose-based sensors and corresponding protease sequestrant materials for potential use in chronic wound sensor/dressing design platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vincent Edwards
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
| | | | - Falk Liebner
- Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
| | - Brian D Condon
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
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Structure/Function Analysis of Cotton-Based Peptide-Cellulose Conjugates: Spatiotemporal/Kinetic Assessment of Protease Aerogels Compared to Nanocrystalline and Paper Cellulose. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29534033 PMCID: PMC5877701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose has high specific surface area, hydration properties, and ease of derivatization to prepare protease sensors. A Human Neutrophil Elastase sensor designed with a nanocellulose aerogel transducer surface derived from cotton is compared with cotton filter paper, and nanocrystalline cellulose versions of the sensor. X-ray crystallography was employed along with Michaelis–Menten enzyme kinetics, and circular dichroism to contrast the structure/function relations of the peptide-cellulose conjugate conformation to enzyme/substrate binding and turnover rates. The nanocellulosic aerogel was found to have a cellulose II structure. The spatiotemporal relation of crystallite surface to peptide-cellulose conformation is discussed in light of observed enzyme kinetics. A higher substrate binding affinity (Km) of elastase was observed with the nanocellulose aerogel and nanocrystalline peptide-cellulose conjugates than with the solution-based elastase substrate. An increased Km observed for the nanocellulosic aerogel sensor yields a higher enzyme efficiency (kcat/Km), attributable to binding of the serine protease to the negatively charged cellulose surface. The effect of crystallite size and β-turn peptide conformation are related to the peptide-cellulose kinetics. Models demonstrating the orientation of cellulose to peptide O6-hydroxymethyl rotamers of the conjugates at the surface of the cellulose crystal suggest the relative accessibility of the peptide-cellulose conjugates for enzyme active site binding.
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Li M, Li X, Xiao H, James TD. Fluorescence Sensing with Cellulose-Based Materials. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:685-696. [PMID: 29226055 PMCID: PMC5715359 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose-based materials functionalized with fluorescence sensors are highly topical and are employed in many areas of functional materials, including the sensing of heavy-metal ions and anions as well as being widely used as chemical sensors and tools for environmental applications. In this Review, we cover recent progress in the development of cellulose-based fluorescence sensors as parts of membranes and nanoscale materials for the detection of biological analytes. We believe that this Review will be of interest to chemists, chemical engineers, and biochemists in the sensor community as well as researchers working with biological material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power University689 Huadian RoadBaoding071003P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power University689 Huadian RoadBaoding071003P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Ning Xiao
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power University689 Huadian RoadBaoding071003P. R. China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictionNBE3B 5A3Canada
| | - Tony D. James
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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Fontenot KR, Edwards JV, Haldane D, Pircher N, Liebner F, Condon BD, Qureshi H, Yager D. Designing cellulosic and nanocellulosic sensors for interface with a protease sequestrant wound-dressing prototype: Implications of material selection for dressing and protease sensor design. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:622-637. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328217735049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interfacing nanocellulosic-based biosensors with chronic wound dressings for protease point of care diagnostics combines functional material properties of high specific surface area, appropriate surface charge, and hydrophilicity with biocompatibility to the wound environment. Combining a protease sensor with a dressing is consistent with the concept of an intelligent dressing, which has been a goal of wound-dressing design for more than a quarter century. We present here biosensors with a nanocellulosic transducer surface (nanocrystals, nanocellulose composites, and nanocellulosic aerogels) immobilized with a fluorescent elastase tripeptide or tetrapeptide biomolecule, which has selectivity and affinity for human neutrophil elastase present in chronic wound fluid. The specific surface area of the materials correlates with a greater loading of the elastase peptide substrate. Nitrogen adsorption and mercury intrusion studies revealed gas permeable systems with different porosities (28–98%) and pore sizes (2–50 nm, 210 µm) respectively, which influence water vapor transmission rates. A correlation between zeta potential values and the degree of protease sequestration imply that the greater the negative surface charge of the nanomaterials, the greater the sequestration of positively charged neutrophil proteases. The biosensors gave detection sensitivities of 0.015–0.13 units/ml, which are at detectable human neutrophil elastase levels present in chronic wound fluid. Thus, the physical and interactive biochemical properties of the nano-based biosensors are suitable for interfacing with protease sequestrant prototype wound dressings. A discussion of the relevance of protease sensors and cellulose nanomaterials to current chronic wound dressing design and technology is included.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicole Pircher
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Falk Liebner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brian D Condon
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Huzaifah Qureshi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Dorne Yager
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Edwards JV, Fontenot KR, Prevost NT, Pircher N, Liebner F, Condon BD. Preparation, Characterization and Activity of a Peptide-Cellulosic Aerogel Protease Sensor from Cotton. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 16:E1789. [PMID: 27792201 PMCID: PMC5134448 DOI: 10.3390/s16111789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulosic aerogels (NA) provide a lightweight biocompatible material with structural properties, like interconnected high porosity and specific surface area, suitable for biosensor design. We report here the preparation, characterization and activity of peptide-nanocellulose aerogels (PepNA) made from unprocessed cotton and designed with protease detection activity. Low-density cellulosic aerogels were prepared from greige cotton by employing calcium thiocyanate octahydrate/lithium chloride as a direct cellulose dissolving medium. Subsequent casting, coagulation, solvent exchange and supercritical carbon dioxide drying afforded homogeneous cellulose II aerogels of fibrous morphology. The cotton-based aerogel had a porosity of 99% largely dominated by mesopores (2-50 nm) and an internal surface of 163 m²·g-1. A fluorescent tripeptide-substrate (succinyl-alanine-proline-alanine-4-amino-7-methyl-coumarin) was tethered to NA by (1) esterification of cellulose C6 surface hydroxyl groups with glycidyl-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (FMOC), (2) deprotection and (3) coupling of the immobilized glycine with the tripeptide. Characterization of the NA and PepNA included techniques, such as elemental analysis, mass spectral analysis, attenuated total reflectance infrared imaging, nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy and bioactivity studies. The degree of substitution of the peptide analog attached to the anhydroglucose units of PepNA was 0.015. The findings from mass spectral analysis and attenuated total reflectance infrared imaging indicated that the peptide substrate was immobilized on to the surface of the NA. Nitrogen adsorption revealed a high specific surface area and a highly porous system, which supports the open porous structure observed from scanning electron microscopy images. Bioactivity studies of PepNA revealed a detection sensitivity of 0.13 units/milliliter for human neutrophil elastase, a diagnostic biomarker for inflammatory diseases. The physical properties of the aerogel are suitable for interfacing with an intelligent protease sequestrant wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vincent Edwards
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
| | | | | | - Nicole Pircher
- Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, Tulln an der Donau A-3430, Austria.
| | - Falk Liebner
- Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, Tulln an der Donau A-3430, Austria.
| | - Brian D Condon
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Cellulose has emerged as an attractive substrate for the production of economical, disposable, point-of-care (POC) analytical devices. Development of novel methods of (bio)activation is central to broadening the application space of cellulosic materials. Ironically, such efforts are stymied by the inherent biocompatibility and recalcitrance of cellulose fibers. Here, we have elaborated a versatile, chemo-enzymatic approach to activate cellulosic materials for CuAAC "click chemistry", to develop new fluorogenic esterase sensors. Gentle, aqueous modification conditions facilitate broad applicability to cellulose papers, gauzes, and hydrogels. Tethering of the released fluorophore to the cellulose surface prevents signal degradation due to diffusion and enables straightforward, sensitive visualization with a simple light source in resource-limited situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Derikvand
- The Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - DeLu Tyler Yin
- The Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ryan Barrett
- The Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Harry Brumer
- The Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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