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Zjacić JP, Katančić Z, Kovacic M, Kusic H, Hrnjak Murgić Z, Dionysiou DD, Karamanis P, Loncaric Bozic A. Fragmentation of polypropylene into microplastics promoted by photo-aging; release of metals, toxicity and inhibition of biodegradability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 935:173344. [PMID: 38772480 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The widespread presence of microplastics (MP) in water represents an environmental problem, not only because of the harmful effects of their size and potential to vector other pollutants, but also because of the release of additives, degradation products and residues contained in the polymer matrix. The latter includes metallic catalysts, which are often overlooked. This study focuses on the photo-aging of polypropylene (PP) and the resulting structural changes that promote its fragmentation microplastics (PP-MPs) and release of metals, as well as the resulting toxicity of leachates and their potential to inhibit biodegradation of organics in water. The pristine, photo-aged and waste PP are ground under the same regime to assess susceptibility to fragmentation. Obtained PP-MPs are submitted to leaching tests; the release of organics and metals is monitored by Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, respectively. The leachates are assessed for their toxicity against Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and their influence on the biodegradability of the glucose solution. Photo-aging induced changes in the crystallinity and morphology of the PP and manifested in the abundance of smaller MPs, as revealed by the particle size distribution. In the case of pristine PP, all particles were > 100 μm in size, while aged PP yielded significant mass fraction of MPs <100 μm. The toxicity of leachates from aged PP-MPs is higher than that of pristine and exhibits a positive correlation with portion of metals released. The biodegradability of glucose is strongly inhibited by PP-MPs leachates containing a mixture of metals in trace concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Papac Zjacić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zvonimir Katančić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Kovacic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Kusic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; University North, Trg dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia.
| | - Zlata Hrnjak Murgić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Panaghiotis Karamanis
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 Rue de president Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Ana Loncaric Bozic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Hernández-Fernández J, Castro-Suarez JR, Toloza CAT. Iron Oxide Powder as Responsible for the Generation of Industrial Polypropylene Waste and as a Co-Catalyst for the Pyrolysis of Non-Additive Resins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911708. [PMID: 36233019 PMCID: PMC9569922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For the synthesis of polymeric resins, it is of great importance to review the raw materials and the equipment to be used to avoid the presence of compounds that may affect the effectiveness of the polymerization and the characteristics of the plastic to be obtained. Iron oxide is a compound that can be present in reactors after maintenance due to the techniques used and the cleaning of this equipment, and it can affect the characteristics of the resins, reducing their quality. In this study, the presence of FeO in different concentrations was evaluated to determine its effects on the properties and pyrolysis of polypropylene resins by using X-ray refraction to determine the elements of the samples, evaluating thermal degradation by TGA, the variation in molecular weight by measuring the MFI, and the compounds obtained from pyrolysis by chromatography. The results showed that the thermal degradation decreased as the FeO concentration increased, while for the MFI, the relationship was directly proportional. The evaluation of the compounds obtained from pyrolysis showed an increase in the production of alcohols, alkynes, ketones, and acids, and a decrease in alkanes and alkenes, showing that FeO affects the properties of polypropylene and the compounds that are produced during pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Hernández-Fernández
- Chemistry Program, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, San Pablo Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia
- Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolivar, Parque Industrial y Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo Km 1 Vía Turbaco, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-301-5624990
| | - John R. Castro-Suarez
- Área Básicas Exactas, Universidad del Sinú, Seccional Cartagena, Cartagena 130015, Colombia
| | - Carlos A. T. Toloza
- Department of Natural and Exact Science, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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Zarnegar Z, Monjezi HR, Safari J. Arginine-based surface modification of nanostarch, a catalytic carbohydrates in synthesis of heteroaryl sulfides. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Razikazemi S, Rad-Moghadam K, Toorchi-Roudsari S. A nano-composite of magnetite and hot-water-soluble starch: a cooperation resulting in an amplified catalytic activity on water. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00718g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cooperation between magnetite and hot-water-soluble starch led to an efficient catalytic activity of their nano-composite in the pseudo three-component synthesis of bis-coumarins and xanthenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Razikazemi
- Chemistry Department
- University campus 2
- University of Guilan
- Rasht
- Iran
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Sulfonated starch nanoparticles: An effective, heterogeneous and bio-based catalyst for synthesis of 14-aryl-14- H -dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang S, Feng N, Zheng J, Yoon KB, Lee D, Qu M, Zhang X, Zhang H. Preparation of polyethylene/lignin nanocomposites from hollow spherical lignin-supported vanadium-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Wang
- School of Textile and Material Engineering; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Na Feng
- School of Textile and Material Engineering; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Jiulai Zheng
- School of Textile and Material Engineering; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Keun-Byoung Yoon
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Kyungpook National 0University; 702701 Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Kyungpook National 0University; 702701 Korea
| | - Minjie Qu
- School of Textile and Material Engineering; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Hexin Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Kyungpook National 0University; 702701 Korea
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changchun 130012 China
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