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Gu H, Wang S, Hu S, Wu X, Li Q, Zhang R, Zhang J, Zhang W, Peng Y. Identification of Panax notoginseng origin using terahertz precision spectroscopy and neural network algorithm. Talanta 2024; 274:125968. [PMID: 38581849 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng), a Chinese herb containing various saponins, benefits immune system in medicines development, which from Wenshan (authentic cultivation) is often counterfeited by others for large demand and limited supply. Here, we proposed a method for identifying P. notoginseng origin combining terahertz (THz) precision spectroscopy and neural network. Based on the comparative analysis of four qualitative identification methods, we chose high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and THz spectroscopy to detect 252 samples from five origins. After classifications using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) model, we found that the performance of THz spectra was superior to that of HPLC. The underlying mechanism is that there are clear nonlinear relations among the THz spectra and the origins due to the wide spectra and multi-parameter characteristics, which makes the accuracy of five-classification origin identification up to 97.62%. This study realizes the rapid, non-destructive and accurate identification of P. notoginseng origin, providing a practical reference for herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Gu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Songyan Hu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xu Wu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Qiuye Li
- Wenshan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Yunnan, 663099, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Wenshan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Yunnan, 663099, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Wenshan Institute for Food and Drug Control, Yunnan, 663099, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Wenshan Sanqi Institute of Science and Technology, China
| | - Yan Peng
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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2
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Ji M, Sun L, Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Wang P. RN0D, a galactoglucan from Panax notoginseng flower induces cancer cell death via PINK1/Parkin mitophagy. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121889. [PMID: 38431406 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic alterations within mitochondria, encompassing processes such as autophagy and energy metabolism, play a pivotal role in facilitating the swift proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. Despite this, there is a scarcity of currently available medications with proven anticancer efficacy through the modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction in a clinical setting. Here, we introduce the structural characteristics of RN0D, a galactoglucan isolated and purified from Panax notoginseng flowers, mainly composed of β-1,4-galactan and β-1,3/1,6-glucan. RN0D demonstrates the capacity to induce mitochondrial impairment in cancer cells, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, initiation of mitophagy, and reduction in both mitochondrial number and size. This sequence of events ultimately results in the inhibition of mitochondrial and glycolytic bioenergetics, culminating in the demise of cancer cells due to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) deprivation. Notably, the observed bioactivity is attributed to RN0D's direct targeting of Galectin-3, as affirmed by surface plasmon resonance studies. Furthermore, RN0D is identified as an activator of the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathway, ultimately instigating cytotoxic mitophagy in tumor cells. This comprehensive study substantiates the rationale for advancing RN0D as a potentially efficacious anticancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ji
- Department of Pancreatic-biliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-Gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China.
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3
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Sun L, Ji M, Liu Y, Zhang M, Zheng C, Wang P. XQZ3, a Chlorella pyrenoidosa polysaccharide suppresses cancer progression by restraining mitochondrial bioenergetics via HSP90/AKT signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130705. [PMID: 38458300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondria are known to exert significant influence on various aspects of cancer cell physiology. The suppression of mitochondrial function represents a novel avenue for the advancement of anti-cancer pharmaceuticals. The heat shock protein HSP90 functions as a versatile regulator of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells, rendering as a promising target for anticancer interventions. In this work, a novel acid polysaccharide named as XQZ3 was extracted from Chlorella pyrenoidosa and purified by DEAE-cellulose and gel-filtration chromatography. The structural characteristic of XQZ3 was evaluated by monosaccharides composition, methylation analysis, TEM, FT-IR, and 2D-NMR. It was found that XQZ3 with a molecular weight of 29.13 kDa was a complex branched polysaccharide with a backbone mainly composed of galactose and mannose. It exhibited good antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo by patient-derived 3D organoid models and patient-derived xenografts models. The mechanistic investigations revealed that XQZ3 specifically interacted with HSP90, impeding the activation of the HSP90/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade. This, in turn, led to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, and apoptosis, ultimately resulting in the demise of cancer cells due to nutrient deprivation. This study offers a comprehensive theoretical foundation for the advancement of XQZ3, a novel polysaccharide inhibitor targeting HSP90, with potential as an effective therapeutic agent against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Sun
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meng Ji
- Department of Pancreatic-biliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Caijuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Marine Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lin-Gang Special Area, Shanghai 201306, China.
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4
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Cai D, He F, Wu S, Wang Z, Bian Y, Wen C, Ding K. Functional structural domain synthesis of anti-pancreatic carcinoma pectin-like polysaccharide RN1. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121668. [PMID: 38171659 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The great structural and functional diversity supports polysaccharides as favorable candidates for new drug development. Previously we reported that a drug candidate pectin-like natural polysaccharide, RN1 might target galectin-3 (Gal-3) to impede pancreatic cancer cell growth in vivo. However, the quality control of polysaccharide-based drug research faces great challenges due to the heterogeneity. A potential solution is to synthesize structurally identified subfragments of this polysaccharide as alternatives. In this work, we took RN1 as an example, and synthesized five subfragments derived from the putative repeating units of RN1. Among them, pentasaccharide 4 showed an approximative binding affinity to Gal-3 in vitro, as well as an antiproliferative activity against pancreatic BxPC-3 cells comparable to that of RN1. Further, we scaled up pentasaccharide 4 to gram-scale in an efficient synthetic route with a 6.9 % yield from D-galactose. Importantly, pentasaccharide 4 significantly suppressed the growth of pancreatic tumor in vivo. Based on the mechanism complementarity of galactin-3 inhibitor and docetaxel, the combination administration of pentasaccharide 4 and docetaxel afforded better result. The result suggested pentasaccharide 4 was one of the functional structural domains of polysaccharide RN1 and might be a leading compound for anti-pancreatic cancer new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqin Cai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fei He
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ya Bian
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chang Wen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Zhongshan 528400, China.
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5
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Vaz da Luz KT, Gonçalves JP, de Lima Bellan D, Visnheski BRC, Schneider VS, Cortes Cordeiro LM, Vargas JE, Puga R, da Silva Trindade E, de Oliveira CC, Simas FF. Molecular weight-dependent antitumor effects of prunes-derived type I arabinogalactan on human and murine triple wild-type melanomas. Carbohydr Res 2024; 535:108986. [PMID: 38042036 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of metastasis-related cellular aspects of two structurally similar AGIs from prunes tea infusion, with different molar masses, was studied in vitro against Triple Wild-Type metastatic melanoma (TWM) from murine and human origin. The higher molar mass AGI (AGI-78KDa) induced TWMs cells death and, in murine cell line, it decreased some metastasis-related cellular processes: invasiveness capacity, cell-extracellular matrix interaction, and colonies sizes. The lower molar mass AGI (AGI-12KDa) did not induce cell death but decreased TWMs proliferation rate and, in murine cell line, it decreased cell adhesion and colonies sizes. Both AGIs alter the clonogenic capacity of human cell line. In spite to understand why we saw so many differences between AGIs effects on murine and human cell lines we performed in silico analysis that demonstrated differential gene expression profiles between them. Complementary network topological predictions suggested that AGIs can modulate multiple pathways in a specie-dependent manner, which explain differential results obtained in vitro between cell lines. Our results pointed to therapeutic potential of AGIs from prunes tea against TWMs and showed that molecular weight of AGIs may influence their antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Taiana Vaz da Luz
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jenifer Pendiuk Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Lima Bellan
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Renata Caitano Visnheski
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Suzane Schneider
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, UFPR, Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Mach Cortes Cordeiro
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, UFPR, Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Vargas
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Renato Puga
- Hermes Pardini Institute, CEP 04038-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo da Silva Trindade
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Carolina Camargo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fogagnoli Simas
- Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells, Laboratory of Sulfated Polysaccharides Investigation, Cell Biology Department, Section of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR), Av Cel Francisco H Dos Santos, s/n, CEP 81530-980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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6
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Zhang S, Ding C, Liu X, Zhao Y, Ding Q, Sun S, Zhang J, Yang J, Liu W, Li W. Research Progress on Extraction, Isolation, Structural Analysis and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides from Panax Genus. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093733. [PMID: 37175143 PMCID: PMC10179830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The panax genus is a widely used medicinal plant with good biological activity. As one of the main active components of the Panax genus, polysaccharides have various pharmacological effects. This review summarizes the latest research reports on ginseng, American ginseng, and Panax notoginseng polysaccharides and compares the differences in extraction, isolation and purification, structural characteristics, and biological activities. The current research mainly focuses on ginseng polysaccharides, and the process of extraction, isolation, and structure analysis of each polysaccharide is roughly the same. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that these polysaccharides have antioxidants, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, intestinal protection, skin repair, and other biological activities. This review provides new insights into the differences between the three kinds of ginseng polysaccharides which will help to further study the medicinal value of ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Yingchun Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiteng Ding
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543003, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Murugesan P, Begum H, Tangutur AD. Inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation proteins as IDs for pancreatic cancer: Role in pancreatic cancer initiation, development and prognosis. Gene 2023; 853:147092. [PMID: 36464175 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A family of inhibitors of cell differentiation or DNA-binding proteins, known as ID proteins (ID1-4), function as mighty transcription factors in various cellular processes, such as inhibiting differentiation, promoting cell-cycle progression, senescence, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis in cancer. Pancreatic cancer represents the deadliest cancer with the lowest survival rate of 10% due to the diagnosis at an advanced fatal stage and therapeutic resistance. Modestly, the only curative option for this lethal cancer is surgery but is done in less than 15-20% of patients because of the locally aggressive and early metastatic nature. Finding the earliest biomarkers and targeting the various hallmarks of pancreatic cancer can improve the treatment and survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Therefore, herein in this review, we explore in depth the potential roles of ID proteins function in hallmarks of pancreatic cancer, signaling pathways, and its oncogenic and tumor-suppressive effects. Hence, understanding the roles of dysregulated ID proteins would provide new insights into its function in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Periyasamy Murugesan
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Habeebunnisa Begum
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Anjana Devi Tangutur
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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8
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Farooqi AA, Rakhmetova V, Kapanova G, Mussakhanova A, Tashenova G, Tulebayeva A, Akhenbekova A, Xu B. Suppressive effects of bioactive herbal polysaccharides against different cancers: From mechanisms to translational advancements. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154624. [PMID: 36584608 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fueled by rapidly evolving comprehension of multifaceted nature of cancers, recently emerging preclinical and clinical data have supported researchers in the resolution of knowledge gaps to deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms. The extra-ordinary and bewildering chemical diversity encompassed by biologically active natural products continues to be of relevance to drug discovery. Accumulating evidence has spurred a remarkable evolution of concepts related to pharmacological target of oncogenic signaling pathways by polysaccharides in different cancers. PURPOSE The objective of the current review is to provide new insights into study progress on anticancer effects of bioactive herbal polysaccharides. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and other databases were searched for articles related to anticancer effects of polysaccharides. Searches were conducted to locate relevant publications published up to October 2022. RESULTS Polysaccharides have been reported to pleiotropically modulate TGF/SMAD, BMP/SMAD, TLR4, mTOR, CXCR4 and VEGF/VEGFR cascades. We have also summarized how different polysaccharides regulated apoptosis and non-coding RNAs. Additionally, this mini-review describes increasingly sophisticated understanding related to polysaccharides mediated tumor suppressive and anti-metastatic effects in tumor-bearing mice. We have also provided an overview of the clinical trials related to chemopreventive role of polysaccharides. CONCLUSION Genomic and proteomic findings from these studies will facilitate 'next-generation' clinical initiatives in the prevention/inhibition of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; Scientific Center of Anti-infectious Drugs, 75 a al-Faraby Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Akmaral Mussakhanova
- Department of Public Health and Management, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnara Tashenova
- Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Kazakhstan; JSC "Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery", Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, 2000, Jintong Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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9
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Ma M, Liu X, Ma C, Guo R, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Ren X. Enhancing the antitumor immunosurveillance of PD-L1-targeted gene therapy for metastatic melanoma using cationized Panax Notoginseng polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1309-1318. [PMID: 36442564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Improved curative effects with reduced toxicity has always been the ultimate goal of gene delivery vectors for tumor immunotherapy. Panax notoginseng polysaccharide (PNP), a natural plant-derived macromolecule, not only has antitumor immune activity but also has the typical structural characteristics useful for gene delivery. In this work, positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) was directly grafted to the backbone of PNP to induced its charge reversal and generate a functional gene vector (PNP-PEI). Moreover, a short hairpin RNA targeting the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) was loaded into PNP-PEI to generate a potentially therapeutic nanoparticle (PNP-PEI/shPD-L1). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that PNP-PEI could efficiently carry the therapeutic shPD-L1 into tumor cells and that PNP-PEI/shPD-L1 could significantly inhibit the expression of PD-L1 and growth of B16-F10 cells. Noteworthily, treatment with PNP-PEI reversed the phenotype of macrophages from M2 to M1 subtype and promoted dendritic cell maturation, which encouraged the host immunity and enhanced the therapeutic antitumor effects. In summary, this study describes a PNP-based gene delivery vector and highlights the beneficial immunopotentiating therapeutic outcomes of PNP-PEI for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Ma
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyue Guo
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Ren
- Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Kruk L, Braun A, Cosset E, Gudermann T, Mammadova-Bach E. Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1052959. [PMID: 36873388 PMCID: PMC9981828 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1052959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that regulate many cellular functions including proliferation, adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. Increasing experimental and clinical evidence indicates that galectins influence many steps of cancer development by inducing the recruitment of immune cells to the inflammatory sites and modulating the effector function of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Recent studies described that different isoforms of galectins can induce platelet adhesion, aggregation, and granule release through the interaction with platelet-specific glycoproteins and integrins. Patients with cancer and/or deep-venous thrombosis have increased levels of galectins in the vasculature, suggesting that these proteins could be important contributors to cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the pathological role of galectins in inflammatory and thrombotic events, influencing tumor progression and metastasis. We also discuss the potential of anti-cancer therapies targeting galectins in the pathological context of cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Kruk
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Braun
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Cosset
- CRCL, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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11
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A homogalacturonan from Lonicera japonica Thunb. disrupts angiogenesis via epidermal growth factor receptor and Delta-like 4 associated signaling. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:725-735. [PMID: 36306024 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous polysaccharide named as LJW2F2 was extracted and purified from the flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Structural characteristic indicated that LJW2F2 was a homogalacturonan composed of α-1,4-D-galacturonic acid with a molecular weight of 7.2 kDa. Previous investigation suggested that homogalacturonan might impede angiogenesis, however the mechanism is still vague. Here we reported that LJW2F2 significantly disrupted capillary-like tube formation of human microvascular endothelia cells (HMEC-1) on matrigel as well as the cells migration. Mechanism study revealed that LJW2F2 might inactivate phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), subsequently suppress Raf, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) and extracellular-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Moreover, LJW2F2 markedly decreased the expression of Notch1 and Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4). Therefore, our results suggested that LJW2F2 might be a potential angiogenesis inhibitor via disturbing multiple signaling pathways.
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12
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Liu D, Wang SY, Wang GN, Zheng LH, Sun Y, Liu L, Bao YL. Structural characterization and immunoregulatory activity of a neutral polysaccharide from the roots of Apocynum venetum L. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:90-100. [PMID: 36165870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of neutral heteropolysaccharide (AVRP-N) separated from the roots of Apocynum venetum L. were extensively investigated. The results showed that the weight average molecular mass (Mw) of AVRP-N was 6.430 × 103 Da. Moreover, the backbone is composed of natural acetylated (1 → 4)-β-D-Man and (1 → 5)-α-L-Ara domains. The mannan is composed of →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the terminal group α-D-Galp-(1→ attached to →4,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ at O-6. Araban is composed of →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→; the terminal group α-L-Araf-(1→attached to→2,3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ at O-2, O-3 and →3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ at O-3. In addition, the senior structure shows that AVRP-N has a triple-helix conformation. Furthermore, AVRP-N exhibited immunomodulatory effects, which could significantly regulate the proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes by enhancing the secretion of the cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10). Our results provide new structural and immunoregulatory information for natural polysaccharides derived from Apocynum venetum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Shu-Yue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Guan-Nan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Li-Hua Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yong-Li Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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13
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Zhang S, Lin Z, Wang D, Xu X, Song C, Sun L, Mayo KH, Zhao Z, Zhou Y. Galactofuranose side chains in galactomannans from Penicillium spp. modulate galectin-8-mediated bioactivity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119677. [PMID: 35725172 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from fungi have many bioactivities. Previous studies showed that galactomannans from Penicillium oxalicum antagonize galectin-8-mediated activity. Here, two intracellular and two extracellular galactomannans were purified and their structures were comparatively characterized by NMR, partial acid hydrolysis and methylation. All four of them were identified to be galactomannans with similar mannan backbones having 1,2-/1,6-linkages (~3:1) and various amounts of galactofuranan side chains. The interaction of those polysaccharides with galectin-8 was assessed by hemagglutination and biolayer interferometry. These results show that side chains are important for the interaction, and the more the side chains, the stronger the interaction. But the side chains alone did not show act on galectin-8, which indicated that the cooperation between backbone and side chains is another necessary factor for this interaction. Our findings provide important information about structure-activity relationships and the galactofuranose-containing galactomannans might be as potential therapeutic of galectin-8 related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Zhiying Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Xuejiao Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Chengcheng Song
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Lin Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates of Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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14
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BMP2 as a promising anticancer approach: functions and molecular mechanisms. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:1322-1332. [PMID: 36040572 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), a pluripotent factor, is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and is implicated in embryonic development and postnatal homeostasis in tissues and organs. Experimental research in the contexts of physiology and pathology has indicated that BMP2 can induce macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts and accelerate the osteolytic mechanism, aggravating cancer cell bone metastasis. Emerging studies have stressed the potent regulatory effect of BMP2 in cancer cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. Complicated signaling networks involving multiple regulatory proteins imply the significant biological functions of BMP2 in cancer. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the current evidence related to the modulation of BMP2 in tumorigenesis and development, including evidence related to the roles and molecular mechanisms of BMP2 in regulating cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment (TME). All these findings suggest that BMP2 may be an effective therapeutic target for cancer and a new marker for assessing treatment efficacy.
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15
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Sulfated galactoglucan impedes xenografted lung cancer cell growth by blocking angiogenesis via binding BMPRs. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Comparative Analysis of the Floral Fragrance Compounds of Panax notoginseng Flowers under the Panax notoginseng- pinus Agroforestry System Using SPME-GC-MS. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113565. [PMID: 35684502 PMCID: PMC9182305 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng is a medicinal plant in China, the flowers of which have high medicinal value. To study the differences in the floral fragrance compounds of P. notoginseng flowers (bionic wild cultivation) from the forests of Yunnan Province, the floral fragrance compounds from four varieties of P. notoginseng flowers (four-forked seven leaves, three-forked seven leaves, four-forked five–seven leaves, and three-forked five–six leaves) were compared and analyzed via headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry methods. A total of 53 floral fragrance compounds from the P. notoginseng flowers were divided into eight categories, mainly consisting of terpenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alcohols. Moreover, high contents of 3-carene, germacrene D, (−)-α-gurjunene, valencene, (+)-γ-gurjunene, menogene, and aromandendrene were identified from the flowers of different P. notoginseng varieties. Interestingly, floral fragrance compounds such as 3-carene, valencene, aromandendrene, menogene, and (+)-γ-gurjunene were first reported in the flowers of P. notoginseng. Cluster analysis showed that P. notoginseng with four-forked and three-forked leaves clustered into two subgroups, respectively. In addition, principal component analysis showed that (+)-γ-gurjunene, (+)-calarene, copaene, 1,8,12-bisabolatriene, γ-elemene, (–)-aristolene, caryophyllene, 3-carenes, and 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,6-heptatriene can be used to distinguish the floral fragrance components of four P. notoginseng flower species. This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the floral fragrance compounds emitted from the flowers of different P. notoginseng varieties in an agroforestry system.
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Xue H, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Su J, Panayi AC, Xiong Y, Hu L, Hu Y, Chen L, Yan C, Xie X, Shi Y, Zhou W, Mi B, Liu G. Enhanced tissue regeneration through immunomodulation of angiogenesis and osteogenesis with a multifaceted nanohybrid modified bioactive scaffold. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:552-568. [PMID: 35845319 PMCID: PMC9256949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenhe Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liangcong Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiqiang Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chenchen Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xudong Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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18
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The Antiviral Effect of Panax Notoginseng Polysaccharides by Inhibiting PRV Adsorption and Replication In Vitro. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041254. [PMID: 35209042 PMCID: PMC8880127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine pseudorabies (PR) is an important infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), which poses a major threat to food safety and security. Vaccine immunization has become the main means to prevent and control the disease. However, since 2011, a new PRV variant has caused huge economic losses to the Chinese pig industry. Panax notoginseng polysaccharides have immunomodulatory activity and other functions, but the antiviral effect has not been reported. We studied the anti-PRV activity of Panax notoginseng polysaccharides in vitro. A less cytopathic effect was observed by increasing the concentration of Panax notoginseng polysaccharides. Western blot, TCID50, plaque assay, and IFA revealed that Panax notoginseng polysaccharides could significantly inhibit the infectivity of PRV XJ5 on PK15 cells. In addition, we also found that Panax notoginseng polysaccharides blocked the adsorption and replication of PRV to PK15 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that Panax notoginseng polysaccharides play an antiviral effect mainly by inhibiting virus adsorption and replication in vitro. Therefore, Panax notoginseng polysaccharides may be a potential anti-PRV agent.
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Li X, Liu J, Zuo TT, Hu Y, Li Z, Wang HD, Xu XY, Yang WZ, Guo DA. Advances and challenges in ginseng research from 2011 to 2020: the phytochemistry, quality control, metabolism, and biosynthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:875-909. [PMID: 35128553 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2011 to the end of 2020Panax species (Araliaceae), particularly P. ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng, have a long history of medicinal use because of their remarkable tonifying effects, and currently serve as crucial sources for various healthcare products, functional foods, and cosmetics, aside from their vast clinical preparations. The huge market demand on a global scale prompts the continuous prosperity in ginseng research concerning the discovery of new compounds, precise quality control, ADME (absorption/disposition/metabolism/excretion), and biosynthesis pathways. Benefitting from the ongoing rapid development of analytical technologies, e.g. multi-dimensional chromatography (MDC), personalized mass spectrometry (MS) scan strategies, and multi-omics, highly recognized progress has been made in driving ginseng analysis towards "systematicness, integrity, personalization, and intelligentization". Herein, we review the advances in the phytochemistry, quality control, metabolism, and biosynthesis pathway of ginseng over the past decade (2011-2020), with 410 citations. Emphasis is placed on the introduction of new compounds isolated (saponins and polysaccharides), and the emerging novel analytical technologies and analytical strategies that favor ginseng's authentic use and global consumption. Perspectives on the challenges and future trends in ginseng analysis are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Tian-Tian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China. .,College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong-da Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Wen-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - De-An Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China. .,Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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20
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Huang C, Jing X, Wu Q, Ding K. Novel pectin-like polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng attenuates renal tubular cells fibrogenesis induced by TGF-β. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118772. [PMID: 34823789 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final common result of a variety of progressive injuries leading to chronic renal failure. However, there are no effective clinical available drugs for the treatment. Notoginsenoside from Panax notoginseng could ameliorate renal fibrosis. We hypothesized that polysaccharide from this herb might have similar bioactivity. Here, we elucidated structure of a novel pectin-like polysaccharide designed SQD4S2 with a netty antenna backbone of glucogalacturonan substituted by glucoarabinan, glucurogalactan and galactose residues from this herb. Interestingly, SQD4S2 could reverse the morphological changes of human renal tubular HK-2 cells induced by TGF-β. Mechanism study suggested that this bioactivity might associate with N-cadherin (CDH2), Snail (SNAI1), Slug (SNAI2) depression and E-cadherin (CDH1) enhancement. In addition, SQD4S2 could impede critical fibrogenesis associated molecules such as α-SMA, fibronectin, vimentin, COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1 and ACTA2 expression induced by TGF-β in HK-2 cells. Current findings outline a novel leading polysaccharide for against renal fibrosis new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Zhenjiang the Third People's Hospital, 300 Daijiamen Avenue, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212021, China
| | - Xiaoqi Jing
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qianhu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; Zhenjiang the Third People's Hospital, 300 Daijiamen Avenue, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212021, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Carbohydrate-based Drug Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China.
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21
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Structure characterization of an arabinogalactan from Cynanchum atratum and its immune stimulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:163-171. [PMID: 34861274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a water-soluble neutral polysaccharide (CAPW-1) with an average molecular weight of 64 kDa was purified from the root of Cynanchum atratum Bunge (Apocynaceae). The monosaccharide residue analysis revealed that CAPW-1 was composed of arabinose and galactose with a relative molar ratio of 7: 3. The backbone of CAPW-1 was consisted of 1,3-Galp and 1,3,6-Galp, the branches were attached to the O-6 of 1,3-Galp, and the side chains contained 1,6-Galp, 1,3,6-Galp, 1,5-linked, 1,3-linked, 1,3,5-linked, and terminal-Araf, which was attached to the O-3 of side 1,6-Galp. The bioactivity study indicated CAPW-1 could stimulate the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells and promote the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) with no cytotoxicity. The results suggested a potential application of CAPW-1 as an immunostimulant for the treatment of diseases such as infection and tumor.
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22
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Li R, Song X, Guo Y, Song P, Duan D, Chen ZS. Natural Products: A Promising Therapeutics for Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:772915. [PMID: 34746014 PMCID: PMC8570131 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.772915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated angiogenesis is a key target for anti-cancer therapy. The imbalance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic signals elicited by tumor cells or tumor microenvironment always results in activating "angiogenic switch". Tumor angiogenesis functions in multi-aspects of tumor biology, including endothelial cell apoptosis, tumor metastasis, and cancer stem cell proliferation. Numerous studies have indicated the important roles of inexpensive and less toxic natural products in targeting tumor angiogenesis-associated cytokines and apoptotic signaling pathways. Our current knowledge of tumor angiogenesis is based mainly on experiments performed on cells and animals, so we summarized the well-established models for angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we classified and summarized the anti-angiogenic natural agents (Polyphenols, Polysaccharides, Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Saponins) in targeting various tumor types according to their chemical structures at present, and discussed the mechanistic principles of these natural products on regulating angiogenesis-associated cytokines and apoptotic signaling pathways. This review is to help understanding the recent progress of natural product research for drug development on anti-tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Song
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Song
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu Province, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongzhu Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
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Deep Eutectic Solvent-Assisted Extraction, Partially Structural Characterization, and Bioactivities of Acidic Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102330. [PMID: 34681379 PMCID: PMC8534793 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lotus leaves are often discarded as byproducts in the lotus industry. Polysaccharides are regarded as one of the essentially bioactive components in lotus leaves. Therefore, in order to promote the application of lotus leaves in the functional food industry, the deep eutectic solvent (DES) assisted extraction of polysaccharides from lotus leaves (LLPs) was optimized, and structural and biological properties of LLPs extracted by DES and hot water were further investigated. At the optimal extraction conditions (water content of 61.0% in DES, extraction temperature of 92 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 31.0 mL/g and extraction time of 126 min), the maximum extraction yield (5.38%) was obtained. Furthermore, LLP-D extracted by DES and LLP-W extracted by hot water possessed the same sugar residues, such as 1,4-α-D-GalAp, 1,4-α-D-GalAMep, 1,3,6-β-D-Galp, 1,4-β-D-Galp, 1,5-α-L-Araf, and 1,2-α-L-Rhap, suggesting the presence of homogalacturonan (HG), rhamnogalacturonan I and arabinogalactan in both LLP-W and LLP-D. Notably, LLP-D was much richer in HG fraction than that of LLP-W, suggesting that the DES could assist to specifically extract HG from lotus leaves. Additionally, the lower molecular weight and higher content of uronic acids were observed in LLP-D, which might contribute to its much stronger in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory effects. These findings suggest that the optimized DES assisted extraction method can be a potential approach for specific extraction of acidic polysaccharides with good bioactivities from lotus leaves for applications in the functional food industry.
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Qi H, Zhang Z, Liu J, Chen Z, Huang Q, Li J, Chen J, Wang M, Zhao D, Wang Z, Li X. Comparisons of Isolation Methods, Structural Features, and Bioactivities of the Polysaccharides from Three Common Panax Species: A Review of Recent Progress. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164997. [PMID: 34443587 PMCID: PMC8400370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Panax spp. (Araliaceae family) are widely used medicinal plants and they mainly include Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Panax quinquefolium L. (American ginseng), and Panax notoginseng (notoginseng). Polysaccharides are the main active ingredients in these plants and have demonstrated diverse pharmacological functions, but comparisons of isolation methods, structural features, and bioactivities of these polysaccharides have not yet been reported. This review summarizes recent advances associated with 112 polysaccharides from ginseng, 25 polysaccharides from American ginseng, and 36 polysaccharides from notoginseng and it compares the differences in extraction, purification, structural features, and bioactivities. Most studies focus on ginseng polysaccharides and comparisons are typically made with the polysaccharides from American ginseng and notoginseng. For the extraction, purification, and structural analysis, the processes are similar for the polysaccharides from the three Panax species. Previous studies determined that 55 polysaccharides from ginseng, 18 polysaccharides from American ginseng, and 9 polysaccharides from notoginseng exhibited anti-tumor activity, immunoregulatory effects, anti-oxidant activity, and other pharmacological functions, which are mediated by multiple signaling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, or redox balance pathways. This review can provide new insights into the similarities and differences among the polysaccharides from the three Panax species, which can facilitate and guide further studies to explore the medicinal properties of the Araliaceae family used in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Qi
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Zepeng Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.)
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Zhaoqiang Chen
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Qingxia Huang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Jing Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (H.Q.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (Q.H.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (D.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (X.L.)
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Hou Y, He YX, Zhang JH, Wang SR, Zhang Y. Effects of bone morphogenetic proteins on epithelial repair. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2269-2277. [PMID: 34233522 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211028193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissue has important functions such as protection, secretion, and sensation. Epithelial damage is involved in various pathological processes. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a class of growth factors with multiple functions. They play important roles in epithelial cells, including in differentiation, proliferation, and migration during the repair of the epithelium. This article reviews the functions and mechanisms of the most profoundly studied BMPs in the process of epithelial damage repair and their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.,Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yu-Xi He
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Jia-Hao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.,Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shu-Rong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
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26
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Djamgoz MBA, Jentzsch V. Integrative Management of Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC): Emerging Complementary Agents and Modalities. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1139-1162. [PMID: 34085871 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1934043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease. The standard first-line treatment for PDAC is gemcitabine chemotherapy which, unfortunately, offers only limited chance of a lasting cure. This review further evaluates the hypothesis that the effectiveness of gemcitabine can be improved by combining it with evidence-based complementary measures. Previously, supported by clinical trial data, we suggested that a number of dietary factors and nutraceuticals can be integrated with gemcitabine therapy. Here, we evaluate a further 10 agents for which no clinical trials have (yet) been carried out but there are promising data from in vivo and/or in vitro studies including experiments involving combined treatments with gemcitabine. Two groups of complementary agents are considered: Dietary factors (resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, vitamin B9, capsaicin, quercetin and sulforaphane) and nutraceutical agents (artemisinin, garcinol, thymoquinone and emodin). In addition, we identified seven promising agents for which there is currently only basic (mostly in vitro) data. Finally, as a special case of combination therapy, we highlighted synergistic drug combinations involving gemcitabine with "repurposed" aspirin or metformin. We conclude overall that integrated management of PDAC currently is likely to produce the best outcome for patients and for this a wide range of complementary measures is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Valerie Jentzsch
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
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27
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Saeidy S, Petera B, Pierre G, Fenoradosoa TA, Djomdi D, Michaud P, Delattre C. Plants arabinogalactans: From structures to physico-chemical and biological properties. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107771. [PMID: 33992708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Arabinogalactans (AGs) are plant heteropolysaccharides with complex structures occasionally attached to proteins (AGPs). AGs in cell matrix of different parts of plant are freely available or chemically bound to pectin rhamnogalactan. Type I with predominantly β-d-(1 → 4)-galactan and type II with β-d-(1 → 3) and/or (1 → 6)-galactan structural backbones construct the two main groups of AGs. In the current review, the chemical structure of AGs is firstly discussed focusing on non-traditional plant sources and not including well known industrial gums. After that, processes for their extraction and purification are considered and finally their techno-functional and biological properties are highlighted. The role of AG structure and function on health advantages such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-ulcer- anti-diabetic and other activites and also the immunomodulatory effects on in-vivo model systems are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saeidy
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - B Petera
- Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Antsiranana, BP O 201 Antsiranana, Madagascar; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - G Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - T A Fenoradosoa
- Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Antsiranana, BP O 201 Antsiranana, Madagascar
| | - Djomdi Djomdi
- Department of Renewable Energy, National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua, University of Maroua, Cameroon
| | - P Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - C Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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28
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Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a heterogalactan from Panax ginseng flowers. Food Res Int 2021; 140:109859. [PMID: 33648177 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A neutral polysaccharide fraction (WGFPN) was isolated from Panax ginseng flowers. Monosaccharide composition and HPSEC-MALLS-RI (high-performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering detector and refractive index detector) analyses showed WGFPN was a heterogalactan with a molecular weight of 11.0 kDa. Methylation, 1D/2D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra and enzymatic hydrolysis methods were used to characterize the structure of WGFPN. It possessed a less branched (1 → 4)-β-D-galactan and a significantly branched (1 → 6)-β-D-galactan. The side chains of (1 → 6)-β-D-galactan were branched with α-L-1,5-Araf and t-α-L-Araf residues at O-3. Trace amount of 1,4-linked Glcp, terminal Galp, terminal Glcp and terminal Manp residues might attached to the 1,6-linked galactan through O-3 or 1,4-linked galactan through O-6 as side chains. WGFPN could activate RAW264.7 macrophages through increasing macrophage phagocytosis, releasing NO and secreting TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-1β in vitro. Moreover, WGFPN could enhance the immunity of cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice in vivo. Hence, WGFPN might be a potential natural immunomodulatory agent.
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Cai T, Wu W, Guo L, Xia Y, Jiang X, Zhang L, Peng F, Ming P. Notoginsenoside R1 induces DNA damage via PHF6 protein to inhibit cervical carcinoma cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:242. [PMID: 33537816 PMCID: PMC7893804 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a monomer of Traditional Chinese medicine, is from the Panax notoginsenoside complex, and has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of various types of cancer. However the mechanism underlying NGR1-mediated inhibition of cervical carcinoma cell proliferation remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of NGR1 on cervical carcinoma cell lines (CaSki and HeLa cells) in vitro. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and soft agar cell colony formation assay results revealed that NGR1 suppressed the viability and the number colonies of CaSki and HeLa cells, respectively. Furthermore, the DAPI staining, flow cytometry and western blotting results revealed that NGR1 induced cervical carcinoma cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the S phase, upregulation of cyclin A2 and CDK2 expression levels, and downregulation of cyclin D1 expression levels. To further investigate the mechanisms of NGR1, DNA-damage-related proteins, including H2A.X variant histone (H2AX), ATR serine/threonine kinase (ATR) and p53, and the nucleolus protein, plant homeodomain finger protein 6 (PHF6) were analyzed. The results indicated that NGR1 triggered the phosphorylation of H2AX and ATR in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and downregulated the expression level of PHF6 and upregulated the expression level of p53 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In conclusion, the findings of the present indicated that NGR1 may inhibit the viability of cervical carcinoma cells and induce cell apoptosis via DNA damage, which may be activated by the downregulation of PHF6 expression levels, and the subsequent triggering of the phosphorylation of H2AX and ATR. In addition, NGR1 may exert an ability to arrest cervical carcinoma cells in the S phase and upregulate the expression levels of cyclin A2 and CDK2. Therefore, NGR1 may serve as a novel chemotherapeutic agent for cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Cai
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Wenquan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Longhua Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Yongwu Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Feiding Peng
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
| | - Pinghong Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518109, P.R. China
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Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from Panax notoginseng residue and its immunomodulatory activity on bone marrow dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:797-809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Ye M, Yu J, Shi X, Zhu J, Gao X, Liu W. Polysaccharides catabolism by the human gut bacterium - Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron: advances and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3569-3588. [PMID: 32779480 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1803198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the degradation processes of polysaccharides by human gut microbiota are receiving considerable attention due to the discoveries of the powerful function of gut microbiota. Gut microbiota has developed a sensitive, accurate, and complex system for sensing, capturing, and degrading different polysaccharides. Among the gut microbiota, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a representative species of Bacteroides, is considered as the best degrader of polysaccharides and a potential probiotic in pharmaceutical and food industries. Here, we summarize the degradation system of B. thetaiotaomicron and the degradation pathways of different polysaccharides by B. thetaiotaomicron. We also describe a technical route for investigating a specific polysaccharide degradation pathway by human gut bacteria. In addition, we also provide the future perspectives in the development of novel polysaccharides or oligosaccharides drugs, precision microbiology medicine, and personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Juping Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xuexia Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, PR China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, PR China
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Chan MK, Yu Y, Wulamu S, Wang Y, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Sun L. Structural analysis of water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from Panax notoginseng. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:376-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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33
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Isolation and structure characterization of a polysaccharide from Crataegus pinnatifida and its bioactivity on gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:82-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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34
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Li C, Dong Z, Zhang B, Huang Q, Liu G, Fu X. Structural characterization and immune enhancement activity of a novel polysaccharide from Moringa oleifera leaves. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Therapeutic potential of ginsenosides on diabetes: From hypoglycemic mechanism to clinical trials. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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36
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Plant-derived saccharides and their inhibitory potential on metastasis associated cellular processes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Carbohydr Res 2019; 490:107903. [PMID: 32171073 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study intends to investigate the inhibitory potential of different plant derived saccharides on cell migration and adhesion of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells to microvascular liver endothelium, particularly considering the role of transmembranous galectin-3. PDAC cell lines PancTu1 and Panc1 were characterized by considerable (transmembranous) galectin-3 (Gal3) expression. SiRNA mediated Gal3 knockdown as well as treatment with differentially processed pectins and arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) did not impact on cell migration of either PDAC cell line. In contrast, Gal3 knockdown reduced adhesion of PDAC cells to the liver endothelial cell line TMNK-1 being more pronounced in Panc1 cells. Similarly, plant derived substances did not impact cell adhesion of PancTu1 cells while partially hydrolyzed citrus pectin (MCP), pectinase-treated MCP (MCPPec) and partially hydrolized AGP (AGPTFA) clearly diminished adhesive properties of Panc1 cells. MCPPec or AGPTFA could not further intensify the adhesion reducing effect of galectin-3 knockdown, indicating that these plant derived polysaccharides are able to inhibit PDAC cell adhesion to liver endothelial cells in a galectin-3 dependent manner. Overall, these data suggest an inhibitory potential of plant derived processed saccharides which have undergone chemical modification in impairing PDAC cell adhesion to liver endothelium.
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Chaves PFP, Iacomini M, Cordeiro LM. Chemical characterization of fructooligosaccharides, inulin and structurally diverse polysaccharides from chamomile tea. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:269-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Feng S, Cheng H, Xu Z, Feng S, Yuan M, Huang Y, Liao J, Ding C. Antioxidant and anti-aging activities and structural elucidation of polysaccharides from Panax notoginseng root. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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39
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Yao Y, Zhou L, Liao W, Chen H, Du Z, Shao C, Wang P, Ding K. HH1-1, a novel Galectin-3 inhibitor, exerts anti-pancreatic cancer activity by blocking Galectin-3/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3 signaling pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 204:111-123. [PMID: 30366522 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor. Molecular targeting therapy for pancreatic cancer is still limited. High expressed Galectin-3 in pancreatic cancer is positively correlated with disease progression, indicating that Galectin-3 can be employed as a predictor of poor prognosis. From safflower, we isolated and purified a homogeneous polysaccharide, HH1-1, which could bind to and inhibit Galectin-3. HH1-1 could block the interaction between Galectin-3 and EGFR. Following HH1-1 treatment, the binding ability between EGFR and Galectin-3 was reduced by 245.28 folds. HH1-1 could suppress pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, arrest the cell cycle in S phase, induce cell apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis and impede tumor cell migration and invasion. Moreover, HH1-1 affected the Galectin-3/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3 signaling pathway and possessed anti-pancreatic cancer activity in vitro and in vivo, especially in patient-derived xenografts. Further study suggested that HH1-1 had almost no toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. This adds new evidence to suggest that HH1-1 could be a promising therapeutic agent and support the pursuit of the Galectin-3 as a target in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Yao
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenfeng Liao
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chenghao Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
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40
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Sun J, Wen X, Liu J, Kan J, Qian C, Wu C, Jin C. Protective effect of an arabinogalactan from black soybean against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:659-664. [PMID: 29852225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In vivo hepatoprotective effect of a novel arabinogalactan (AG) from black soybean on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury was evaluated for the first time. Our results showed that administration of AG could significantly attenuate the increase in the levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in the serum caused by CCl4 treatment. AG treatment not only significantly elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase; but also increased the levels of non-enzyme antioxidants (glutathione and total antioxidant capacity in liver tissues) when compared with CCl4-induced acute liver injury model. In addition, AG significantly reduced lipid peroxidation levels in liver tissues. The hepatoprotective effect of high-dose of AG was comparable to that of silymarin, which served as a positive standard. This study indicated that AG had a protective effect on CCl4-induced acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China; Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou 221131, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chunlu Qian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Chunsen Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China.
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41
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Dong Z, Li C, Huang Q, Zhang B, Fu X, Liu RH. Characterization of a novel polysaccharide from the leaves of Moringa oleifera and its immunostimulatory activity. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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42
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Structural characterization and anti-proliferative activities of partially degraded polysaccharides from peach gum. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 203:193-202. [PMID: 30318204 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
LP100R, LP10R and LP5R were isolated from peach gum by ultrafiltration. They were identified as AG II arabinogalactans composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose, which had a β-d-(1→6)-galactan backbone and were branched at O-3 and O-4. LP100R, LP10R and LP5R exist in a spherical conformation with the molecular weight of 8.50 × 104 g/mol, 4.77 × 104 g/mol and 2.40 × 104 g/mol, respectively. The binding affinities of LP fractions to galectin-3 (Gal-3) were 0.77 μM for LP100R, 2.88 μM for LP10R and 5.15 μM for LP5R, respectively. Meanwhile, an anti-proliferative assay revealed that LP100R possessed higher anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells (IC50, 4.5 mg/mL) and MCF-7 cells (IC50, 0.43 mg/mL) than did LP10R and LP5R, which were in accordance with their binding affinities to galectin-3. Therefore, LP fractions (especially LP100R) might exert the anti-tumor activity by directly inhibiting the Gal-3 mediated proliferation of cancer cells.
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43
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Marine Bacterial Polysaccharide EPS11 Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth via Blocking Cell Adhesion and Stimulating Anoikis. Mar Drugs 2018. [PMID: 29518055 PMCID: PMC5867629 DOI: 10.3390/md16030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells that acquire metastatic potential have developed resistance to anoikis, a cell death process, after detachment from their primary site to the second organ. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of a novel marine bacterial polysaccharide EPS11 which exerts its cytotoxic effects through affecting cancer cell adhesion and anoikis. Firstly, we found that EPS11 could significantly affect cell proliferation and block cell adhesion in A549 cells. We further demonstrated that the expression of several cell adhesion associated proteins is downregulated and the filiform structures of cancer cells are destroyed after EPS11 treatment. Interestingly, the destruction of filiform structures in A549 cells by EPS11 is in a dose-dependent manner, and the inhibitory tendency is very consistent with that observed in the cell adhesion assay, which confirms that filiform structures play important roles in modulating cell adhesion. Moreover, we showed that EPS11 induces apoptosis of A549 cells through stimulating βIII-tubulin associated anoikis: (i) EPS11 inhibits the expression of βIII-tubulin in both transcription and translation levels; and (ii) EPS11 treatment dramatically decreases the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB or AKT), a critical downstream effector of βIII-tubulin. Importantly, EPS11 evidently inhibits the growth of A549-derived tumor xenografts in vivo. Thus, our results suggest that EPS11 may be a potential candidate for human non-small cell lung carcinoma treatment via blocking filiform structure mediated adhesion and stimulating βIII-tubulin associated anoikis.
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Structure analysis of a heteropolysaccharide from fruits of Lycium barbarum L. and anti-angiogenic activity of its sulfated derivative. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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45
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Cagnola JI, Dumont de Chassart GJ, Ibarra SE, Chimenti C, Ricardi MM, Delzer B, Ghiglione H, Zhu T, Otegui ME, Estevez JM, Casal JJ. Reduced expression of selected FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN genes associates with the abortion of kernels in field crops of Zea mays (maize) and of Arabidopsis seeds. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:661-674. [PMID: 29314044 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Abortion of fertilized ovaries at the tip of the ear can generate significant yield losses in maize crops. To investigate the mechanisms involved in this process, 2 maize hybrids were grown in field crops at 2 sowing densities and under 3 irrigation regimes (well-watered control, drought before pollination, and drought during pollination), in all possible combinations. Samples of ear tips were taken 2-6 days after synchronous hand pollination and used for the analysis of gene expression and sugars. Glucose and fructose levels increased in kernels with high abortion risk. Several FASCICLIN-LIKE ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN (FLA) genes showed negative correlation with abortion. The expression of ZmFLA7 responded to drought only at the tip of the ear. The abundance of arabinogalactan protein (AGP) glycan epitopes decreased with drought and pharmacological treatments that reduce AGP activity enhanced the abortion of fertilized ovaries. Drought also reduced the expression of AthFLA9 in the siliques of Arabidopsis thaliana. Gain- and loss-of-function mutants of Arabidopsis showed a negative correlation between AthFLA9 and seed abortion. On the basis of gene expression patterns, pharmacological, and genetic evidence, we propose that stress-induced reductions in the expression of selected FLA genes enhance abortion of fertilized ovaries in maize and Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Cagnola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Javier Dumont de Chassart
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Silvia Elizabeth Ibarra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Claudio Chimenti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Martiniano María Ricardi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
| | - Brent Delzer
- Syngenta Seeds, Inc., 11055 Wayzata Blvd, Minnetonka, MN, 55305, USA
| | - Hernán Ghiglione
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Tong Zhu
- Syngenta Crop Protection LLC, 9 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - María Elena Otegui
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
- CONICET-INTA Pergamino, Ruta 32, Km 4.5, Pergamino, Buenos Aires, 2700, Argentina
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - Jorge José Casal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, C1405BWE, Argentina
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46
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Characterization of a pectin from Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its inhibition effect on Aβ42 aggregation and promotion of neuritogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:112-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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47
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Immunopotentiating significance of conventionally used plant adaptogens as modulators in biochemical and molecular signalling pathways in cell mediated processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1815-1829. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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48
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Cai D, Yao Y, Tang Y, Wang Z, Shi W, Huang W, Ding K. A Concise Synthesis of Three Branches Derived from Polysaccharide RN1 and Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity Study. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100536. [PMID: 30965840 PMCID: PMC6418633 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RN1, a polysaccharide from flowers of Panax pseudo-ginsieng Wall. Var. notoginseng (Burkill) Hoo & Tseng, is a potential multi-targeting drug candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment. However, the active targeting domain of RN1 is still unknown. Herein, three RN1 derived branches were synthesized via [3+2] or [2+2] strategies, efficiently. Two pentasaccharides, 18 and 27, showed similar inhibition effect on pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 cells to that of RN1 at same concentration. Interestingly, tetrasaccharide 21 potently inhibited gemcitabineresistant cell line Panc-1 at high concentration. These suggest that the branches of RN1 might be the active targeting domain and tetrasaccharide 21 might be a potential leading compound for pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqin Cai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yanli Yao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yubo Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jin Zhai Road, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Wei Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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49
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A Novel Heterogalactan from Antrodia camphorata and Anti-Angiogenic Activity of Its Sulfated Derivative. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9060228. [PMID: 30970906 PMCID: PMC6432100 DOI: 10.3390/polym9060228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A heterogalactan, named ACW0, was extracted from Antrodia camphorata and purified by anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. It was composed of galactose (94.98%), traces of mannose (2.41%), and fucose (2.61%), with its molecular weight estimated to be 13.5 k Da. The polysaccharide ACW0 was shown to be a mannofucogalactan with a backbone chain of α-d-1,6-linked Gal, attached by a non-reducing terminal α-d-Man and α-l-Fuc on C-2 of nearly every six α-d-1,6-linked Gal residues. A sulfated polysaccharide, ACW0-Sul was achieved by the chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method. Compared with the native polysaccharide, ACW0-Sul could disrupt tube formation and migration as well as cell growth of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) dose-dependently. Further studies revealed that phosphorylation of Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases (Erk) and Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) were significantly inhibited by ACW0-Sul. These results suggested that ACW0-Sul could be a potent candidate for anti-angiogenic agent development.
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50
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Abstract
Inhibitors of DNA binding and cell differentiation (Id) proteins are members of the large family of the helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factors, but they lack any DNA-binding motif. During development, the Id proteins play a key role in the regulation of cell-cycle progression and cell differentiation by modulating different cell-cycle regulators both by direct and indirect mechanisms. Several Id-protein interacting partners have been identified thus far, which belong to structurally and functionally unrelated families, including, among others, the class I and II bHLH transcription factors, the retinoblastoma protein and related pocket proteins, the paired-box transcription factors, and the S5a subunit of the 26 S proteasome. Although the HLH domain of the Id proteins is involved in most of their protein-protein interaction events, additional motifs located in their N-terminal and C-terminal regions are required for the recognition of diverse protein partners. The ability of the Id proteins to interact with structurally different proteins is likely to arise from their conformational flexibility: indeed, these proteins contain intrinsically disordered regions that, in the case of the HLH region, undergo folding upon self- or heteroassociation. Besides their crucial role for cell-fate determination and cell-cycle progression during development, other important cellular events have been related to the Id-protein expression in a number of pathologies. Dysregulated Id-protein expression has been associated with tumor growth, vascularization, invasiveness, metastasis, chemoresistance and stemness, as well as with various developmental defects and diseases. Herein we provide an overview on the structural properties, mode of action, biological function and therapeutic potential of these regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Roschger
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Chiara Cabrele
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Billrothstrasse 11, Salzburg, 5020, Austria.
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