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Huang X, Chen X, Xian Y, Jiang F. Anti-virus activity and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides from medicinal herbs. Carbohydr Res 2024; 542:109205. [PMID: 38981321 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
There has been a sudden increase in viral diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), causing significant harm to human and animal well-being, as well as economic development. Medicinal herbs, with a history of thousands of years in clinical use, contain versatile polysaccharides as one of their primary compounds. This review offers an overview of the antiviral effects of polysaccharides from medicinal herbs on viruses in humans, poultry, swine and aquaculture in recent years. The mechanism of these antiviral polysaccharides, involved in hindering various stages of the viral life cycle thereby blocking virus infection, is summarized. The review also explores other underlying mechanisms of antiviral effects, such as enhancing the immune response, regulating inflammatory reactions, balancing gut flora, reducing oxidative stress, and suppressing apoptosis through various corresponding signaling pathways. The structure-function relationships discussed in this article also aid in understanding the antiviral mechanism of natural polysaccharides, indicating the need for more in-depth research and analysis. Natural polysaccharides from medicinal herbs have emerged as valuable resources in the fight against viral infections, exhibiting high effectiveness. This review emphasizes the promising role of polysaccharides from medicinal herbs as potential candidates for blocking viral infections in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Huang
- Faculty of Modern Agriculture, Yibin Vocational & Technical College, Sichuan, 644100, China
| | - Xingyin Chen
- Faculty of Modern Agriculture, Yibin Vocational & Technical College, Sichuan, 644100, China
| | - Yuanhua Xian
- Faculty of Modern Agriculture, Yibin Vocational & Technical College, Sichuan, 644100, China
| | - Faming Jiang
- Faculty of Modern Agriculture, Yibin Vocational & Technical College, Sichuan, 644100, China.
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Wen H, Kuang Y, Lian X, Li H, Zhou M, Tan Y, Zhang X, Pan Y, Zhang J, Xu J. Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity Evaluation of an Acidic Polysaccharide from Alpinia officinarum Hance. Molecules 2024; 29:1810. [PMID: 38675630 PMCID: PMC11052303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AHP-3a, a triple-helix acidic polysaccharide isolated from Alpinia officinarum Hance, was evaluated for its anticancer and antioxidant activities. The physicochemical properties and structure of AHP-3a were investigated through gel permeation chromatography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The weight-average molecular weight of AHP-3a was 484 kDa, with the molar percentages of GalA, Gal, Ara, Xyl, Rha, Glc, GlcA, and Fuc being 35.4%, 21.4%, 16.9%, 11.8%, 8.9%, 3.1%, 2.0%, and 0.5%, respectively. Based on the results of the monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation analysis, and NMR spectroscopy, the main chain of AHP-3a was presumed to consist of (1→4)-α-D-GalpA and (1→2)-α-L-Rhap residues, which is a pectic polysaccharide with homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) structural domains containing side chains. In addition, the results of the antioxidant activity assay revealed that the ability of AHP-3a to scavenge DPPH, ABTS, and OH free radicals increased with an increase in its concentration. Moreover, according to the results from the EdU, wound healing, and Transwell assays, AHP-3a can control the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells without causing any damage to healthy cells. Thus, AHP-3a may be a natural antioxidant and anticancer component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wen
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yangjun Kuang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiuxia Lian
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hailong Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Mingyan Zhou
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Department of Hainan Digestive Disease Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China;
| | - Yinfeng Tan
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuguang Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yipeng Pan
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Department of Hainan Digestive Disease Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China;
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; (H.W.); (Y.K.); (X.L.); (H.L.); (Y.T.); (X.Z.)
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Department of Hainan Digestive Disease Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China;
| | - Jian Xu
- Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Department of Hainan Digestive Disease Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China;
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Sun H, Lou J, Chen BX, Huang JQ, Wang QL, Song SF, Jia ZY, Miao R, Wang SY, Li X, Yang WZ. Multi-level chemical characterization and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of the polysaccharides from Prunella vulgaris. Fitoterapia 2024; 174:105841. [PMID: 38296170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris (PV) is a medicine and food homologous plant, but its quality evaluation seldom relies on the polysaccharides (PVPs). In this work, we established the multi-level fingerprinting and in vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation approaches to characterize and compare the polysaccharides of P. vulgaris collected from the major production regions in China. PVPs prepared from 22 batches of samples gave the content variation of 5.76-24.524 mg/g, but displayed high similarity in the molecular weight distribution. Hydrolyzed oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization 2-14 were characterized with different numbers of pentose and hexose by HILIC-MS. The tested 22 batches of oligosaccharides exhibited visible differences in peak abundance, which failed to corelate to their production regions. All the PVPs contained Gal, Xyl, and Ara, as the main monosaccharides. Eleven batches among the tested PVPs showed the significant inhibitory effects on NO production on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at 10 μg/mL, but the exerted efficacy did not exhibit correlation with the production regions. Conclusively, we, for the first time, investigated the chemical features of PVPs at three levels, and assessed the chemical and anti-inflammatory variations among the different regions of P. vulgaris samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia Lou
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bo-Xue Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qi-Long Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shao-Fei Song
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zi-Yue Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Rong Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shi-Yu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xue Li
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Wen-Zhi Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Lin XY, Zhou J, Hao CF, Zhu H, Zhou SS, Xu JD, Mao Q, Li SL, Kong M. Quality consistency evaluation of commercial Prunellae Spica by integrating determination of secondary metabolites and saccharides. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:198-208. [PMID: 36494085 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prunellae Spica (PS) is a commonly used medicinal herb in China. Secondary metabolites and saccharides are major bioactive components of PS. However, holistic quality consistency of commercial PS is ambiguous due to lack of comprehensive evaluation methods and reliable quality control markers. OBJECTIVES Integrating multiple chromatographic and chemometric methods to comprehensively evaluate the holistic quality of PS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS/MS) was applied to quantify 12 secondary metabolites of PS. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array/evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-PDA/ELSD) and high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) methods were used to characterise the saccharides. Multivariate statistical analysis was adopted to evaluate the quality consistency of commercial PS and explore the potential quality control markers. RESULTS The contents of secondary metabolites and saccharides were significantly different among commercial PS. All samples could be classified into three groups with ferulic acid, protocatechualdehyde, gallic acid, ursolic acid/oleanolic acid, sucrose, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid as the major contributing components responsible for the difference. The content of rosmarinic acid was correlated with that of betulinic acid, hyperposide, chlorogenic acid, rutin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and glucose, whereas polysaccharides, ferulic acid, protocatechualdehyde and ursolic acid/oleanolic acid, quercetin, sucrose and majority monosaccharides were not. CONCLUSION The holistic quality of commercial PS was inconsistent. Together with rosmarinic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechualdehyde, ursolic acid/oleanolic acid, polysaccharides and sucrose might be recommended as potential quality control markers for the holistic quality control of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Cai-Feng Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Di Xu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Chen Z, Ye SY. Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1063-1076. [PMID: 35634712 PMCID: PMC9154771 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2074053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Viruses have the characteristics of rapid transmission and high mortality. At present, western medicines still lack an ideal antiviral. As natural products, many traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have certain inhibitory effects on viruses, which has become the hotspot of medical research in recent years. OBJECTIVE The antiviral active ingredients and mechanisms of TCM against viral diseases was studied in combination with the pathogenesis of viral diseases and antiviral effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS English and Chinese literature from 1999 to 2021 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 (CP), and CNKI (Chinese). Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), active ingredients, antiviral, mechanism of action, and anti-inflammatory effect were used as the key words. RESULTS The antiviral activity of TCM is clarified to put forward a strategy for discovering active compounds against viruses, and provide reference for screening antivirus drugs from TCM. TCM can not only directly kill viruses and inhibit the proliferation of viruses in cells, but also prevent viruses from infecting cells and causing cytophilia. It can also regulate the human immune system, enhance human immunity, and play an indirect antiviral role. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Based on the experimental study and antiviral mechanism of TCM, this paper can provide analytical evidence that supports the effectiveness of TCM in treating virus infections, as well as their mechanisms against viruses. It could be helpful to provide reference for the research and development of innovative TCMs with multiple components, multiple targets and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-yong Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People's Hospital, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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Guo Y, Ma A, Wang X, Yang C, Chen X, Li G, Qiu F. Research progress on the antiviral activities of natural products and their derivatives: Structure–activity relationships. Front Chem 2022; 10:1005360. [PMID: 36311429 PMCID: PMC9596788 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1005360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses spread rapidly and are well-adapted to changing environmental events. They can infect the human body readily and trigger fatal diseases. A limited number of drugs are available for specific viral diseases, which can lead to non-efficacy against viral variants and drug resistance, so drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity are lacking. In recent years, a steady stream of new viral diseases has emerged, which has prompted development of new antiviral drugs. Natural products could be employed to develop new antiviral drugs because of their innovative structures and broad antiviral activities. This review summarizes the progress of natural products in antiviral research and their bright performance in drug resistance issues over the past 2 decades. Moreover, it fully discusses the effect of different structural types of natural products on antiviral activity in terms of structure–activity relationships. This review could provide a foundation for the development of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Anna Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjfin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Antiviral Activity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus of Polysaccharide from Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1809879. [PMID: 36193325 PMCID: PMC9526606 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1809879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) polysaccharide (JAP) is a chain polysaccharide composed of D-fructose connected by β (1-2) glycosidic bonds, which is a kind of inulin. This study evaluated the anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity of JAP in vivo and in vitro. To investigate its antiviral activity, an MTT assay, q-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and lung histological observation were performed. The results showed that JAP showed anti-RSV activity in vitro with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 29.15 μg/mL. In vivo results suggested that JAP could effectively inhibit RSV proliferation in the lungs and improve lung tissue lesions in RSV-infected mice. Additionally, JAP could also reduce the expression of TLR3 and TLR4 in the lungs, increase serum anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 levels, and reduce pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and TNF-β levels, which may be related to its anti-RSV activity. This study provides a new approach to anti-RSV therapy and enriches the potential applications of JAP.
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Pan J, Wang H, Chen Y. Prunella vulgaris L. – A Review of its Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Quality Control and Pharmacological Effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903171. [PMID: 35814234 PMCID: PMC9261270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris L. (PVL) is dried fruit spike of Lamiacea plant Prunella vulgaris L., which is a perennial herb with medicinal and edible homology used for thousands of years. PVL is bitter, acrid, cold, and belongs to the liver and gallbladder meridians. It clears the liver and dissipate fire, improve vision, disperse swelling, and has satisfactory clinical therapeutic effects on many diseases such as photophobia, dizziness, scrofula, goiter, breast cancer. The collection of information and data related to PVL comes from literatures retrieved and collated from various online scientific databases (such as CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Research Gate, Science Database), ancient books of traditional chinese medicine (Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine), and Doctoral and Master’s Dissertations. Currently, the major chemical constituents isolated and identified from PVL are triterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, volatile oils and polysaccharides. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that PVL has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well as immune regulation, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, liver protection, sedative and hypnotic effects. This paper reviewes the botany, ethnopharmacology, traditional application, phytochemistry, analytical methods, quality control, pharmacological effects of PVL. It can be used not only as medicine, but also gradually integrated into the “medicine and food homology” and “Chinese medicine health” boom. More importantly, it has great potential for drug resources development. This paper deeply discusses the shortcomings of current PVL research, and proposes corresponding solutions, in order to find a breakthrough point for PVL research in the future. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on its medicinal chemistry, mechanism of action and clinical application efficacy in the future, and strive to extract, purify and synthesize effective components with high efficiency and low toxicity, so as to improve the safety and rationality of clinical medication.
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Ma F, Deng Q, Lou H, Li J, Xu S, Wu W, Wen Q, Tang L, Wang X, Pan W. Vulgarisin-type diterpenoids from self-heal ( Prunella vulgaris) and their neuroprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) via a mitochondria-related pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:7062-7074. [PMID: 35678758 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00150k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-heal (Prunella vulgaris L.) is a perennial edible plant that is widely distributed across the world and is traditionally consumed as a food additive in soft drink beverages. In this study, to explore the functional components of P. vulgaris, an investigation of its ethanol extracts has been conducted by our group. As a result, twelve (1-12) vulgarisin-type diterpenoids with a special 5/6/4/5-fused ring skeleton, including six new ones (1-6), were obtained. Their structures including the absolute configuration were elucidated based on comprehensive spectroscopic evidence, ECD calculations, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. All the isolates were tested for neuroprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on primary neuron cells through the oxygen and glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) induced injury model. The results showed that all twelve vulgarisin-type diterpenoids possess promising neuroprotective activity at a concentration of 10 μM. Among them, compound 3 can significantly suppress cell apoptosis by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression and inhibiting cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression with a western blotting assay. Further research revealed that compound 3 could improve mitochondrial function by inhibiting mitochondrial cytochrome c release, reducing ROS levels, and maintaining the membrane potential. This work firstly reports vulgarisin-type diterpenoids possessing neuroprotective activity. These findings also suggest that daily consumption of P. vulgaris might prevent cerebral disorders via a mitochondria-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China.,Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, China
| | - Qingfang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China. .,Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guiyang Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Huayong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Su Xu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, China
| | - Wenneng Wu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, China
| | - Qihua Wen
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550005, China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Science, Guiyang 550014, China
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhong X, Fu W, Luo X, Feng J, Yuan M, Xiao L, Xu H. Polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharide conjugates from Spica of Prunella vulgaris: Chemical profile and anti-herpes simplex virus activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021:S0141-8130(21)02605-2. [PMID: 34871656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the water extract (PVW) from Spica of Prunella vulgaris Linn. (Labiatae) exerts anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity. Evaluation the antiviral activity of the graded ethanol precipitations indicated that 30% ethanol precipitate (PVE30) was the active principle of water extract (PVW). Further activity-oriented separation of PVE30 through salting-out method revealed that the anti-HSV activity of P. vulgaris glycoconjugates (PVG) was more potent than PVE30 and PVW, 2-fold and 4-fold, respectively. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, FT-IR and NMR techniques identified PVG as a type of polyphenolic-protein-polysaccharides (PPPs) with an average molecular weight of 41.69 kDa. PVG was composed of dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan units, and rich in galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose monosaccharide units, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Further in vitro antiviral testing confirmed that PVG substantially and stably inhibited acyclovir (ACV) resistant HSV strains; its inhibitory action was even better than the positive control ACV. Overall, our findings support PVG as a potential drug resource for anti-HSV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunshuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuanlei Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenwei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiling Feng
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianbo Xiao
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 200052, China.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China.
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11
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Hu S, Li Y, Nie C, Zhang J, Bai X, Wu H, Shen T, Hu W, Wang J. Structure and pro-inflammatory activities of bran polysaccharides from a novel wheat kernel. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14008. [PMID: 34811774 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the structure and pro-inflammatory activities of water-soluble wheat bran polysaccharides (WBP) were evaluated. WBP were heteropolysaccharides consisting 60.34% arabinoxylan as the main component and 31.80% mannose residues characterized with the instrumental analyses. The result of cellular experiment displayed that WBP had significant pro-inflammatory activities by increasing the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and up-regulating the inflammatory cytokine expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). WBP mediated macrophages RAW 264.7 pro-inflammatory response through phosphatidylinositol 3 hydroxykinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway by significantly promoting Akt and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) phosphorylations. Meanwhile, the expression of related phosphorylated proteins JNK and ERK1/2 was significantly up-regulated which suggested that WBP played pro-inflammatory roles by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In recent years, wheat bran generally has the phenomenon of high yield and low utilization rate. Wheat bran has rich nutritional value and contains a lot of effective biologically active substances. Based on our findings, the water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from wheat bran have significant effects on regulating immunity and can be utilized as sources of natural immune modulators. The research can develop new functions of wheat bran polysaccharides, and improve processing utilization rate and product added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqian Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanru Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunling Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaofang Bai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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12
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Sellaoui L, Badawi M, Monari A, Tatarchuk T, Jemli S, Luiz Dotto G, Bonilla-Petriciolet A, Chen Z. Make it clean, make it safe: A review on virus elimination via adsorption. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 412:128682. [PMID: 33776550 PMCID: PMC7983426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the potential dangers of viral infection transmission through water and air have become the focus of worldwide attention, via the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. The occurrence of large-scale outbreaks of dangerous infections caused by unknown pathogens and the isolation of new pandemic strains require the development of improved methods of viruses' inactivation. Viruses are not stable self-sustaining living organisms and are rapidly inactivated on isolated surfaces. However, water resources and air can participate in the pathogens' diffusion, stabilization, and transmission. Viruses inactivation and elimination by adsorption are relevant since they can represent an effective and low-cost method to treat fluids, and hence limit the spread of pathogen agents. This review analyzed the interaction between viruses and carbon-based, oxide-based, porous materials and biological materials (e.g., sulfated polysaccharides and cyclodextrins). It will be shown that these adsorbents can play a relevant role in the viruses removal where water and air purification mostly occurring via electrostatic interactions. However, a clear systematic vision of the correlation between the surface potential and the adsorption capacity of the different filters is still lacking and should be provided to achieve a better comprehension of the global phenomenon. The rationalization of the adsorption capacity may be achieved through a proper physico-chemical characterization of new adsorbents, including molecular modeling and simulations, also considering the adsorption of virus-like particles on their surface. As a most timely perspective, the results on this review present potential solutions to investigate coronaviruses and specifically SARS-CoV-2, responsible of the COVID-19 pandemic, whose spread can be limited by the efficient disinfection and purification of closed-spaces air and urban waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi Sellaoui
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Michael Badawi
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques LPCT UMR CNRS 7019, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques LPCT UMR CNRS 7019, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Tetiana Tatarchuk
- Educational and Scientific Center of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Sonia Jemli
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic and Biomolecules (LMBEB), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Biology Department, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Guilherme Luiz Dotto
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM, 1000, Roraima Avenue, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Zhuqi Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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13
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He Y, Peng H, Zhang H, Liu Y, Sun H. Structural characteristics and immunopotentiation activity of two polysaccharides from the petal of Crocus sativus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:129-142. [PMID: 33676979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current experiments were designed to explore the structural features and immunopotentiation activity of two homogeneous polysaccharides PCSPA and PCSPB prepared from Crocus sativus petals using DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G200 column chromatography. The structures of PCSPA and PCSPB were systematically characterized using extensive chemical and spectroscopic methods including colorimetry, HPGPC-RID, GC-MS, Smith degradations, methylation, solvolytic desulfation, UV, FT-IR, NMR, SEM, and AFM. The average molecular weights of PCSPA and PCSPB were 1.98 × 106 and 2.53 × 106 Da, respectively. PCSPA consisted of Gal, Rha, Ara, and Xyl in the molar ratio of 16:5:7:3, while PCSPB were composed of Gal, Glc, Man, Rha, Ara, and Xyl with molar ratio of 16:2:7:19:15:16. Both polysaccharides contained sulfonic and acetyl groups. PCSPA and PCSPB significantly activated RAW264.7 cells by enhancing the phagocytic activity, up-regulating the expression of surface molecules, promoting the production and mRNA expression of cytokines and chemokines via MAPK and NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei He
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haoxuan Peng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Medical College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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14
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Zhang X, Wang L, Xie F, Yaseen A, Chen B, Zhang GL, Wang MK, Shen XF, Li F. A polysaccharide TKP-2-1 from Tamarindus indica L: Purification, structural characterization and immunomodulating activity. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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15
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Ma F, Liu H, Xu S, Cheng Y, Fei Q, Chen H. Isolation of an acidic polysaccharide from the flowers of Leucosceptrum canum Smith and its immunomodulatory activity evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:177-184. [PMID: 33421465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (LCP-05) was isolated from the flowers of Leucosceptrum canum Smith. LCP-05 was an acidic polysaccharide with a molecular weight of approximately 8.9 kDa. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that LCP-05 was composed of Man, Rha, GlcA, GalA, Glc, Gal and Ara in a molar ratio of 0.83:1.68:0.33:2.15:1.00:1.45:1.22. The framework of LCP-05 was speculated to be a branched rhamnogalacturonan with the backbone consisting of α-1,2,4-linked Rhap and α-1,4-linked GalAp, and bearing branches at the O-4 position of the Rha residues. The side chains are terminated primarily with the Araf and Glcp residues. LCP-05 was found to be able to significantly induce the production of NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells, and to induce RAW 264.7 cell's suppressive effect on both cell growth and cell migration of 4 T1 mammary breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Ma
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hongbing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| | - Su Xu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Yongyou Cheng
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Qiang Fei
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Haijiang Chen
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
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16
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Yang M, Yan T, Yu M, Kang J, Gao R, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Shi L. Advances in understanding of health‐promoting benefits of medicine and food homology using analysis of gut microbiota and metabolomics. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Yang
- College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Tao Yan
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Meng Yu
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Jie Kang
- Physical Education Institute Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Ruoxi Gao
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Yuhuan Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Internatinal Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Internatinal Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden
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17
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Liu ZH, Niu FJ, Xie YX, Xie SM, Liu YN, Yang YY, Zhou CZ, Wan XH. A review: Natural polysaccharides from medicinal plants and microorganisms and their anti-herpetic mechanism. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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18
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Shahzad F, Anderson D, Najafzadeh M. The Antiviral, Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Natural Medicinal Herbs and Mushrooms and SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2573. [PMID: 32854262 PMCID: PMC7551890 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, producing the disease COVID-19 is a pathogenic virus that targets mostly the human respiratory system and also other organs. SARS-CoV-2 is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans, however there have been previous outbreaks of different versions of the beta coronavirus including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV1) from 2002 to 2003 and the most recent Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) which was first identified in 2012. All of the above have been recognised as major pathogens that are a great threat to public health and global economies. Currently, no specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection has been identified; however, certain drugs have shown apparent efficacy in viral inhibition of the disease. Natural substances such as herbs and mushrooms have previously demonstrated both great antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, the possibilities of natural substances as effective treatments against COVID-19 may seem promising. One of the potential candidates against the SARS-CoV-2 virus may be Inonotus obliquus (IO), also known as chaga mushroom. IO commonly grows in Asia, Europe and North America and is widely used as a raw material in various medical conditions. In this review, we have evaluated the most effective herbs and mushrooms, in terms of the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects which have been assessed in laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mojgan Najafzadeh
- School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK; (F.S.); (D.A.)
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19
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Bhuiyan FR, Howlader S, Raihan T, Hasan M. Plants Metabolites: Possibility of Natural Therapeutics Against the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:444. [PMID: 32850918 PMCID: PMC7427128 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2), has been the cause of a worldwide pandemic. Though extensive research works have been reported in recent days on the development of effective therapeutics against this global health crisis, there is still no approved therapy against SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, plant-synthesized secondary metabolites (PSMs) have been prioritized to make a review focusing on the efficacy of plant-originated therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19. Plant metabolites are a source of countless medicinal compounds, while the diversity of multidimensional chemical structures has made them superior to treat serious diseases. Some have already been reported as promising alternative medicines and lead compounds for drug repurposing and discovery. The versatility of secondary metabolites may provide novel antibiotics to tackle MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) microbes too. This review attempted to find out plant metabolites that have the therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of viral pathogens. The study includes the search of remedies belonging to plant families, susceptible viral candidates, antiviral assays, and the mode of therapeutic action; this attempt resulted in the collection of an enormous number of natural therapeutics that might be suggested for the treatment of COVID-19. About 219 plants from 83 families were found to have antiviral activity. Among them, 149 plants from 71 families were screened for the identification of the major plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that might be effective for this pandemic. Our investigation revealed that the proposed plant metabolites can serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimization and drug development processes to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics caused by viruses. This review will stimulate further analysis by the scientific community and boost antiviral plant-based research followed by novel drug designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Rumzum Bhuiyan
- Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sabbir Howlader
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Topu Raihan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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20
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A novel Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide: Structural characterization and prevention of H2O2-induced oxidative damage in GES-1 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1460-1470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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21
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Structural characterization, modification and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharide from Mori Fructus. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:357-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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22
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A novel polysaccharide isolated from Ulva Pertusa: Structure and physicochemical property. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Zhang WJ, Wang S, Kang CZ, Lv CG, Zhou L, Huang LQ, Guo LP. Pharmacodynamic material basis of traditional Chinese medicine based on biomacromolecules: a review. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:26. [PMID: 32140174 PMCID: PMC7049221 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules, the first components of bioactive substances in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have wide bioactivity-related efficacy but have not yet been fully appreciated compared to small molecule components. The present review brings a novel and systemic point of view to deepen the understanding of the pharmacodynamic material basis of TCM based on biomacromolecules (polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids). Biomacromolecules have been, are and will have considerable roles in the efficacy of Chinese medicine, as evidenced by the number of biological activities related to traditional clinical efficacy. The direct and indirect mechanisms of biomacromolecules are further accounted for in a variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and immune substances to maintain immune function in both sensitive and stable equilibrium. The biological functions of biomacromolecules have been elaborated on in regard to their roles in the process of plant growth and development to the relationship between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism and to the indispensable role of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids in the quality formation of TCM. Understanding the functional properties and mechanisms of biological macromolecules will help to demystify the drug properties and health benefits of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chuan-zhi Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chao-geng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lan-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
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24
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He X, Fang J, Guo Q, Wang M, Li Y, Meng Y, Huang L. Advances in antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal plants and mushrooms. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Treml J, Gazdová M, Šmejkal K, Šudomová M, Kubatka P, Hassan STS. Natural Products-Derived Chemicals: Breaking Barriers to Novel Anti-HSV Drug Development. Viruses 2020; 12:E154. [PMID: 32013134 PMCID: PMC7077281 DOI: 10.3390/v12020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the problem of viral infection, particularly the infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), has dramatically increased and caused a significant challenge to public health due to the rising problem of drug resistance. The antiherpetic drug resistance crisis has been attributed to the overuse of these medications, as well as the lack of new drug development by the pharmaceutical industry due to reduced economic inducements and challenging regulatory requirements. Therefore, the development of novel antiviral drugs against HSV infections would be a step forward in improving global combat against these infections. The incorporation of biologically active natural products into anti-HSV drug development at the clinical level has gained limited attention to date. Thus, the search for new drugs from natural products that could enter clinical practice with lessened resistance, less undesirable effects, and various mechanisms of action is greatly needed to break the barriers to novel antiherpetic drug development, which, in turn, will pave the road towards the efficient and safe treatment of HSV infections. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview of the recent advances in natural antiherpetic agents. Additionally, this paper covers a large scale of phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, polysaccharides, peptides, and other miscellaneous compounds derived from various sources of natural origin (plants, marine organisms, microbial sources, lichen species, insects, and mushrooms) with promising activities against HSV infections; these are in vitro and in vivo studies. This work also highlights bioactive natural products that could be used as templates for the further development of anti-HSV drugs at both animal and clinical levels, along with the potential mechanisms by which these compounds induce anti-HSV properties. Future insights into the development of these molecules as safe and effective natural anti-HSV drugs are also debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Treml
- Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Markéta Gazdová
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.G.); (K.Š.)
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.G.); (K.Š.)
| | - Miroslava Šudomová
- Museum of Literature in Moravia, Klášter 1, 664 61 Rajhrad, Czech Republic;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
- Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Sherif T. S. Hassan
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 6-Suchdol, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
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Chen H, Xiao R, Zhou X. Study on the extraction, purification, partial chemical characterization and anti-alcohol liver injury activity of Mori Fructus polysaccharides. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mori Fructus (MF) is a fruit rich in many nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaguo Chen
- Key laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine
- Guiyang
| | - Ruixi Xiao
- Key laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine
- Guiyang
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University
- Guiyang
- P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine
- Guiyang
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Zhou Y, Ma W, Wang L, Sun W, Li M, Zhang W, Liu Y, Song X, Fan Y. Characterization and antioxidant activity of the oligo-maltose fraction from Polygonum Cillinerve. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 226:115307. [PMID: 31582055 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Polygonum Cillinerve polysaccharide (PCP) was extracted, and characterized by high performance gel permeation chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. The results showed that PCP was composed of glucose, it was α-D-glucan and the backbone of PCP was consisted of repeating units of (1→4)-α-D-Glucose. In addition, the antioxidant potential of PCP was assessed in vitro. The results showed that PCP had strong hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, some DPPH scavenging ability and good reducing power. Moreover, the results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays showed that PCP at 15.625-0.975 μg/mL could significantly improve the level of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and could significantly decrease the level of myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and xanthine oxidase in macrophages. These results indicated that PCP could potentially be developed as a natural antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wuren Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Libo Wang
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yingqiu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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28
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Polysaccharide from Rubus chingii Hu affords protection against palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity in human hepatocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:1063-1071. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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29
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Liu X, Hou R, Yan J, Xu K, Wu X, Lin W, Zheng M, Fu J. Purification and characterization of Inonotus hispidus exopolysaccharide and its protective effect on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:41-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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30
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Liu X, Hou R, Xu K, Chen L, Wu X, Lin W, Zheng M, Fu J. Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity analysis of the polysaccharide from the solid-state fermentation substrate of Inonotus hispidus. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:468-476. [PMID: 30445081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A polysaccharide from Inonotus hispidus was prepared by solid-state fermentation (SSF), and an efficient ultrasound-assisted extraction method was used to optimize the extraction process of Inonotus hispidus solid-state fermentation polysaccharide (IHSFP). The optimal extraction parameters were as follows: solid-liquid ratio of 1:40, ultrasound time of 34 min, ultrasound power of 350 W and ultrasound temperature of 70 °C. The yield of IHSFP was 51.06 ± 0.34% under the optimal conditions. Two types of polysaccharide fractions (IHSFP-1 and IHSFP-2) were isolated by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-200 columns. IHSFP-2 had stronger antioxidant activity than IHSFP-1, and it can reduce H2O2-induced oxidative damage to cells in vitro. Therefore, the properties of IHSFP-2 were further characterized. The results showed that the molecular weight of IHSFP-2 was 14.44 kDa, it was composed of glucose (Glc), mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), glucuronic acid (GlcUA), galactosamine (GalN), arabinose (Ara) and ribose (Rib), and the contents of these monosaccharides were 51%, 21%, 20%, 3%, 2%, 2% and 1%, respectively. The results of this study may contribute to the efficient production of the polysaccharide of Inonotus hispidus, and provide new ideas for its application in functional foods and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Food Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruolin Hou
- College of Food Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kaiqiang Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingfeng Zheng
- College of Food Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Junsheng Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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31
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Peng B, Luo Y, Hu X, Song L, Yang J, Zhu J, Wen Y, Yu R. Isolation, structural characterization, and immunostimulatory activity of a new water-soluble polysaccharide and its sulfated derivative from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:500-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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32
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Gao Y, Peng B, Xu Y, Yang JN, Song LY, Bi SX, Chen Y, Zhu JH, Wen Y, Yu RM. Structural characterization and immunoregulatory activity of a new polysaccharide from Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6603-6612. [PMID: 35518453 PMCID: PMC9061120 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10664a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A new homogeneous heteropolysaccharide (CMSPA90-1) was purified from bergamot by DEAE sepharose fast flow and Sephadex G-75 columns, and was shown to have a molecular weight of 17.6 kDa. Its chemical structure was elucidated by acid hydrolysis and methylation analysis, along with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopies, the Congo red test, and circular dichroism. CMSPA90-1 consisted of a pyranoside and funanside with branches containing α- and β-configurations simultaneously. Arabinose and glucose might form an arabinoglucan backbone. The ultrastructure of CMSPA90-1 was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that CMSPA90-1 had good thermal stability. The results of DPPH˙ and ABTS+˙ radical scavenging assays indicated that CMSPA90-1 exhibited free-radical-scavenging properties. Otherwise, CMSPA90-1 could promote the proliferation of mouse splenocytes and the neutral red phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells, which indicated that CMSPA90-1 could be researched and developed as one of the potential functional foods or natural medicines. A new homogeneous heteropolysaccharide (CMSPA90-1) was purified from bergamot by DEAE sepharose fast flow and Sephadex G-75 columns, and was shown to have a molecular weight of 17.6 kDa.![]()
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Meng F, Li Q, Qi Y, He C, Wang C, Zhang Q. Characterization and immunoregulatory activity of two polysaccharides from the root of Ilex asprella. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 197:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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34
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Wang L, Liu HM, Xie AJ, Wang XD, Zhu CY, Qin GY. Chinese quince ( Chaenomeles sinensis ) seed gum: Structural characterization. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Characterizations and hepatoprotective effect of polysaccharides from Mori Fructus in rats with alcoholic-induced liver injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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