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Li Q, Jiang S, Wang Q, Sun J, Wang Z, Wang X, Shi X, Mu Y, Wei L, Yang C. Structural characterisation and anti-colon cancer activity of an arabinogalactan RSA-1 from Raphani semen. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122417. [PMID: 39048243 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
RSA-1 is a polysaccharide obtained from Raphani semen with a relatively clear structure and anti-colon cancer activity. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were applied to characterise the complex chain structure of RSA-1. Subsequently, the inhibitory effect on colon cancer growth through apoptosis induction in colon cancer cells was explored. The findings indicate that the main chain of RSA-1 consists of →3)-β-D-Galp-(1 → and 3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → substituted at C-6 with branched α-L-Araf side chains. RSA-1 disrupts the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and thus inhibits the viability of colon cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, it inhibits colon cancer migration by attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Notably, RSA-1 exhibited negligible impact on the growth of human intestinal epithelial cells within a relevant concentration range. This study establishes a theoretical foundation and provides technical support for the prospective development and application of RSA-1 as a dual-purpose anti-colon cancer drug and functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianbo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuepeng Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanqiu Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
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Zhang X, Qiao Y, Li G, Rong L, Liang X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Pi L, Wei L, Bi H. Exploratory studies of the antidepressant effect of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide and its potential mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134281. [PMID: 39084447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis, a traditionally prized medicinal fungus, contains polysaccharides as one of its main bioactive constituents, known for their significant immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we systematically investigated the composition and structure of Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide, followed by an evaluation of its therapeutic effect on depression using a chronic restraint stress-induced depression model. The polysaccharide CSWP-2, extracted via hot water, precipitated with ethanol, and purified using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography from Cordyceps sinensis, is primarily composed of glucose, mannose, and galactose, with α-1,4-D-glucan as its major structural component. Behavioral tests, immunological profiling, metabolomics, and gut microbiota analyses indicated a notable ameliorative effect of CSWP-2 on depressive-like symptoms in mice. Furthermore, the action of CSWP-2 may be attributed to the modulation of the gut microbiome's abundance and its metabolic impacts, thereby transmitting signals to the host immune system and exerting immunomodulatory activity, ultimately contributing to its antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfang Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Yajun Qiao
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Lin Rong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Qiannan Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Li Pi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China.
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) yuquan road, Beijing 10049, China.
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3
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Randeni N, Xu B. New insights into signaling pathways of cancer prevention effects of polysaccharides from edible and medicinal mushrooms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155875. [PMID: 39029136 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive efforts, empirical techniques have yielded limited progress in finding effective anticancer medications, with chemotherapy drugs often associated with drug resistance and serious side effects. Thus, there is a pressing need for novel agents with minimal adverse effects. Natural substances, widely used in treating various illnesses, including cancer, offer promising alternatives. Among these, mushrooms, rich in low molecular weight secondary metabolites, polysaccharides, and polysaccharide-protein complexes, have gained attention for their potential anticancer properties. RESULTS Mushroom polysaccharides have been found to impede oncogenesis and tumor metastasis by directly inhibiting tumor cell growth and indirectly enhancing immune system functions. These polysaccharides engage with numerous cell signaling pathways that influence cancer development and progression. They affect pathways that control cell survival, growth, and differentiation, and they also play a role in adjusting the tumor immune microenvironment. CONCLUSION This review highlights the potential of mushroom polysaccharides as promising anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate cell signaling pathways crucial for cancer development. Understanding the mechanisms underlying their effects on these pathways is essential for harnessing their therapeutic potential and developing novel strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidesha Randeni
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China; Department of Agricultural and Plantation Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China.
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Krishna KV, Ulhas RS, Malaviya A. Bioactive compounds from Cordyceps and their therapeutic potential. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:753-773. [PMID: 37518188 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2231139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The Clavicipitaceae family's largest and most diverse genus is Cordyceps. They are most abundant and diverse in humid temperate and tropical forests and have a wide distribution in: Europe, North America, and East and Southeast Asian countries, particularly: Bhutan, China, Japan, Nepal, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Tibet, and the Himalayan region of India, and Sikkim. It is a well-known parasitic fungus that feeds on insects and other arthropods belonging to 10 different orders. Over 200 bioactive metabolites, that include: nucleotides and nucleosides, polysaccharides, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, sterols, and fatty acids, among others have been extracted from Cordyceps spp. demonstrating the phytochemical richness of this genus. These components have been associated with a variety of pharmacological effects, including: anti-microbial, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. In this paper, the bioactivity of various classes of metabolites produced by Cordyceps spp., and their therapeutic properties have been reviewed in an attempt to update the existing literature. Furthermore, one of its nucleoside and a key bioactive compound, cordycepin has been critically elaborated with regard to its biosynthesis pathway and the recently proposed protector-protégé mechanism as well as various biological and pharmacological effects, such as: suppression of purine and nucleic acid biosynthesis, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation with their mechanism of action. This review provides current knowledge on the bioactive potential of Cordyceps spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kondapalli Vamsi Krishna
- Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Christ (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rutwick Surya Ulhas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Jena (Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena), Jena, Germany
| | - Alok Malaviya
- Applied and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Christ (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Division of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
- QuaLife Biotech Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, India
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5
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De Luca F, Roda E, Rossi P, Bottone MG. Medicinal Mushrooms in Metastatic Breast Cancer: What Is Their Therapeutic Potential as Adjuvant in Clinical Settings? Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7577-7591. [PMID: 39057091 PMCID: PMC11276109 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed tumor, remaining one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in females worldwide, with the highest rates in Western countries. Among metastatic BC (MBC), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of specific receptors, and differs from other subgroups of BC for its increased growth and fast spreading, with reduced treatment possibilities and a worse outcome. Actually, MBC patients are extremely prone to metastasis and consequent relapses, which affect distant target organs (e.g., brain, lung, bone and liver). Hence, the comprehension of biological mechanisms underlying the BC metastatization process is a key requirement to conceive/set up innovative medicinal strategies, with the goal to achieve long-lasting therapeutic efficacy, reducing adverse effects, and also ameliorating Quality of Life (QoL). Bioactive metabolites isolated from medicinal mushrooms (MMs) used as a supportive treatment, combined with conventional oncology, have recently gained wide interest. In fact, mounting evidence has revealed their peculiar promising immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, even though these effects have to be further clarified. Among the group of most promising MMs are Lentinula edodes, Grifola frondosa, Ganoderma lucidum, Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Agaricus blazei, which are already employed in conventional cancer protocols in Asia and China. Recently, a growing number of studies have focused on the pharmacology and feasibility of MM-derived bioactive compounds as a novel valuable approach to propose an effective adjuvant therapy for MBC patients' management. In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge on the abovementioned MM-derived bioactive compounds and their therapeutic potential in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (P.R.)
| | - Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (P.R.)
| | - Maria Grazia Bottone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (P.R.)
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Wang C, Wang J, Qi Y. Adjuvant treatment with Cordyceps sinensis for lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118044. [PMID: 38484953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a fungus parasitic on lepidopteran larvae which is often used to treat lung diseases and regulate immune function. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CS in the adjuvant treatment of lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS As of June 2022, the electronic database search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and China Science Journal Database (VIP database). Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of CS as an adjuvant treatment for lung cancer were included. After the quality evaluation, meta-analysis was performed with Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 12 RCTs with 928 patients were identified for this meta-analysis, which showed that as an adjuvant treatment, CS has the following advantages in the treatment of lung cancer: (1) Improved tumor response rate (TRR) (RR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.05-1.29,P = 0.00); (2) improved immune function, including increased CD4 (MD: 4.98, 95%CI: 1.49-8.47, P = 0.01), CD8 (MD: 1.60, 95%CI: 0.40-2.81, P = 0.01, I2 = 0.00%), NK (MD: 4.17, 95%CI: 2.26-6.08, P = 0.00), IgA (MD: 1.29, 95%CI: 0.35-2.24, P = 0.01), IgG (MD: 3.95, 95%CI: 0.98-6.92, P = 0.01) and IgM (MD: 6.44, 95%CI: 0.63-12.26, P = 0.03); (3) improved patients' quality of life based on the mean ± SD of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) (MD: 8.20, 95%CI: 6.87-9.53, P = 0.00); (4) reduced the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including the incidence of myelosuppression (RR: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.19-0.75, P = 0.01), leukopenia (RR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.63-0.92, P = 0.00), and thrombocytopenia (RR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.31-0.86, P = 0.01) (5) reduced the incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RR: 0.74, 95%CI: 0.62-0.88, P = 0.00). However, the number of improved patients based on KPS (RR: 1.47, 95%CI: 0.98-2.20, P = 0.06) were similar between two groups, liver and renal damage (RR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.09-1.10, P = 0.07) and gastrointestinal adverse reactions (RR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.47-1.37, P = 0.42) as well. Subgroup analysis showed that CS could increase the TRR in the treatment with 6 g/d and 21 days/3-4 cycles. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional treatment, adjuvant treatment with CS of lung cancer not only improve TRR, QOL and immune function, but also reduce the incidence of ADRs and radiation pneumonitis. The optimal usage may be 6 g/d and 21 days/3 to 4 cycles. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NO CRD42022333681.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canran Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanfu Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Fan L, Zhu X, Zhang D, Li D, Zhang C. In vitro digestion properties of Laiyang pear residue polysaccharides and it counteracts DSS-induced gut injury in mice via modulating gut inflammation, gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131482. [PMID: 38599423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the dynamic changes in the physicochemical properties of Laiyang pear residue polysaccharide (LPP) during in vitro digestion, as well as its protective effect on the intestines. Monosaccharide composition and molecular weight analysis showed that there was no significant change in LPP during the oral digestion stage. However, during the gastric and intestinal digestion stages, the glycosidic bonds of LPP were broken, leading to the dissociation of large molecular aggregates and a significant increase in reducing sugar content (CR) accompanied by a decrease in molecular weight. In addition, LPP exerted the intestinal protective ability via inhibiting gut inflammation, improving intestinal barrier, and regulating intestinal flora in DSS-induced mice. Specifically, LPP mitigated DSS-induced intestinal pathological damage of mice via enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and upregulating expressions of TJ proteins, and suppressed inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling axis. Furthermore, LPP decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, and altered the diversity and the composition of gut microbiota in DSS-induced mice. Therefore, LPP had the potential to be a functional food that improved gut microbiota environment to enhance health and prevent diseases, such as a prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Liu W, Li K, Zhang H, Li Y, Lin Z, Xu J, Guo Y. An antitumor arabinan from Glehnia littoralis activates immunity and inhibits angiogenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130242. [PMID: 38368974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Glehnia littoralis is an edible plant with significant medicinal value. To further elucidate the potential functional components for developing antitumor agents or functional foods, the polysaccharides in this plant were investigated, and a homogeneous polysaccharide, GLP90-2, was obtained through extraction and ethanol precipitation. By employing methylation, GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, GLP90-2 was identified as an arabinan having a molecular weight of 7.76 × 103 g/mol and consisting of three types of residues: α-l-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-l-Araf-(1→, and →3,5)-α-l-Araf-(1→. The subsequent functional analysis revealed that GLP90-2 suppressed tumor development and metastasis in a zebrafish model. Mechanistic studies have shown that GLP90-2 promoted the maturation of DC2.4 cells and macrophages and enhanced the expression of immune-related cytokines, which may be attributed to the interaction between GLP90-2 and TLR-4. Additionally, GLP90-2 exhibited a strong interaction with PD-1, contributing to the activation of immunity. Furthermore, GLP90-2 suppressed angiogenesis in the transgenic zebrafish model, and this impact may be ascribed to the modulation of the VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. All the results indicate that GLP90-2 demonstrates a strong tumor immunotherapy effect in vivo and has high potential for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Zhang Q, Xu Y, Xie L, Shu X, Zhang S, Wang Y, Wang H, Dong Q, Peng W. The function and application of edible fungal polysaccharides. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 127:45-142. [PMID: 38763529 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Edible fungi, commonly known as mushrooms, are precious medicinal and edible homologous gifts from nature to us. Edible fungal polysaccharides (EFPs) are a variety of bioactive macromolecular which isolated from fruiting bodies, mycelia or fermentation broths of edible or medicinal fungus. Increasing researches have confirmed that EFPs possess multiple biological activities both in vitro and in vivo settings, including antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and regulating intestinal flora activities. As a result, they have emerged as a prominent focus in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Fungal EFPs have safe, non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible properties with low immunogenicity, bioadhesion ability, and antibacterial activities, presenting diverse potential applications in the food industries, cosmetic, biomedical, packaging, and new materials. Moreover, varying raw materials, extraction, purification, chemical modification methods, and culture conditions can result in variances in the structure and biological activities of EFPs. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensively and systematically organized information on the structure, modification, biological activities, and potential applications of EFPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. This review provides new insights and a theoretical basis for prospective investigations and advancements in EFPs in fields such as medicine, food, and new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Yingyin Xu
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Liyuan Xie
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Xueqin Shu
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Shilin Zhang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Haixia Wang
- Horticulture Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, P.R. China.
| | - Qian Dong
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Weihong Peng
- Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Chengdu, P.R. China; Scientifc Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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10
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Lu J, Su D, Yang Y, Shu M, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yu Q, Li C, Xie J, Chen Y. Disruption of intestinal epithelial permeability in the Co-culture system of Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells exposed individually or simultaneously to acrylamide and ochratoxin A. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114582. [PMID: 38460668 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins and thermal processing hazards are common contaminants in various foods and cause severe problems in terms of food safety and health. Combined use of acrylamide (AA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) would result in more significant intestinal toxicity than either toxin alone, but the underlying mechanisms behind this poor outcome remain unclear. Herein, we established the co-culture system of Caco-2/HT29-MTX cells for simulating a real intestinal environment that is more sensitive to AA and OTA, and showed that the combination of AA and OTA could up-regulate permeability of the intestine via increasing LY permeabilization, and decreasing TEER, then induce oxidative stress imbalance (GSH, SOD, MDA, and ROS) and inflammatory system disorder (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-6), thereby leading a rapid decline in cell viability. Western blot, PAS- and AB-staining revealed that AA and OTA showed a synergistic effect on the intestine mainly through the disruption of tight junctions (TJs) and a mucus layer. Furthermore, based on correlation analysis, oxidative stress was more relevant to the mucus layer and TJs. Therefore, our findings provide a better evaluation model and a potential mechanism for further determining or preventing the combined toxicity caused by AA and OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Dan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Mengni Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Liu SJ. Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:102-114. [PMID: 38494355 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite the challenges in managing atherosclerosis, researchers continue to investigate new treatments and complementary therapies. Cordyceps is a traditional Chinese medicine that has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of cordyceps in treating atherosclerosis through various pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, lowering cholesterol, inhibiting platelet aggregation, and modulating apoptosis or autophagy in vascular endothelial cells. Notably, the current misuse of the terms cordyceps and Ophiocordyceps sinensis has caused confusion among researchers, and complicated the current academic research on cordyceps. This review focuses on the chemical composition, pharmacological actions, and underlying mechanisms contributing to the anti-atherosclerotic effects of cordyceps and the mycelium of Ophiocordyceps spp. This review provides a resource for the research on the development of new drugs for atherosclerosis from cordyceps. Please cite this article as: Zhang Y, Liu SJ. Cordyceps as potential therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(2): 102-114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Marxism, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Si-Jing Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases with Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
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12
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Liang H, Yin G, Shi G, Liu Z, Liu X, Li J. Echinacoside regulates PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF cross signaling axis in proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer. Anal Biochem 2024; 684:115360. [PMID: 37865269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Echinacoside (ECH) is a natural anti-cancer compound and is of great value in cancer treatment. However, the mechanism underlying this effect on breast cancer (BC) was unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of ECH treating BC by network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS & METHODS Several databases were searched to screen potential targets of ECH and obtain information on targets related to BC. STRING was applied to construct a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. DAVID was applied for Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was searched for the relationship between the expression profile and overall survival of major targets in normal breast and BC tissues. Finally, the results of network pharmacology analysis were validated by experiments. RESULTS Seventeen targets of ECH overlapped with targets in BC. Ten hub targets were determined through PPI. By GO and KEGG analysis 15 entries and 25 pathways were obtained, in which phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) played greater roles. Validation of key targets in the GEPIA database showed that PIK3R1 and PIK3CD remained consistent with the results of the study. Experiments in vitro showed ECH inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and reduced mRNA levels and protein expression of PI3K, AKT, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, experiments in vivo revealed that ECH significantly reduced tumor growth, promoted apoptosis and decreased the related mRNA levels and protein expression, suggesting ECH works on BC by regulating PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION In summary, ECH played an important role in anti-BC by regulating PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. Furthermore, ECH had multi-target and multi-pathway effects, which may be a promising natural compound for treating BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingwei Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Guo J. Autophagy/ferroptosis in colorectal cancer: Carcinogenic view and nanoparticle-mediated cell death regulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117006. [PMID: 37669735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The cell death mechanisms have a long history of being evaluated in diseases and pathological events. The ability of triggering cell death is considered to be a promising strategy in cancer therapy, but some mechanisms have dual functions in cancer, requiring more elucidation of underlying factors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease and malignant condition of colon and rectal that causes high mortality and morbidity. The autophagy targeting in CRC is therapeutic importance and this cell death mechanism can interact with apoptosis in inhibiting or increasing apoptosis. Autophagy has interaction with ferroptosis as another cell death pathway in CRC and can accelerate ferroptosis in suppressing growth and invasion. The dysregulation of autophagy affects the drug resistance in CRC and pro-survival autophagy can induce drug resistance. Therefore, inhibition of protective autophagy enhances chemosensitivity in CRC cells. Moreover, autophagy displays interaction with metastasis and EMT as a potent regulator of invasion in CRC cells. The same is true for ferroptosis, but the difference is that function of ferroptosis is determined and it can reduce viability. The lack of ferroptosis can cause development of chemoresistance in CRC cells and this cell death mechanism is regulated by various pathways and mechanisms that autophagy is among them. Therefore, current review paper provides a state-of-art analysis of autophagy, ferroptosis and their crosstalk in CRC. The nanoparticle-mediated regulation of cell death mechanisms in CRC causes changes in progression. The stimulation of ferroptosis and control of autophagy (induction or inhibition) by nanoparticles can impair CRC progression. The engineering part of nanoparticle synthesis to control autophagy and ferroptosis in CRC still requires more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zhang
- Chengde Medical College, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China.
| | - Yintao Zhao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Yuman Wang
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Yutang Zhao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
| | - Jianen Guo
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, 067000, China
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Wang Z, Chen K, Zhang K, He K, Zhang D, Guo X, Huang T, Hu J, Zhou X, Nie S. Agrocybe cylindracea fucoglucogalactan induced lysosome-mediated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cell through H3K27ac-regulated cathepsin D. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 319:121208. [PMID: 37567726 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Inducing lysosomal dysfunction is emerging as a promising means for cancer therapy. Agrocybe cylindracea fucoglucogalactan (ACP) is a bioactive ingredient with anti-tumor activity, while its mechanism remains obscure. Herein, we found that ACP visibly inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and the IC50 value on HCT-116 cells (HT29 cells) was 490 μg/mL (786.4 μg/mL) at 24 h. RNA-seq showed that ACP regulated mitochondria, lysosome and apoptosis-related pathways. Further experiments proved that ACP indeed promoted apoptosis and lysosomal dysfunction of HCT-116 cells. Moreover, ChIP-seq revealed that ACP increased histone-H3-lysine-27 acetylation (H3K27ac) on CTSD (cathepsin D) promoter in HCT-116 cells, thus facilitating the binding of transcription factor EB (TFEB), and resulted in ascension of CTSD expression. Additionally, ACP triggered mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing pro-apoptotic protein levels. Notably, Pepstatin A (CTSD inhibitor) availably alleviated ACP-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our results indicated that ACP induced lysosome-mitochondria mediated apoptosis via H3K27ac-regulated CTSD in HCT-116 cells. This study indicates that ACP has anti-cancer potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Kunying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Kaihong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaohan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Tongwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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15
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Wang RL, Liu SH, Shen SH, Jian LY, Yuan Q, Guo HH, Huang JS, Chen PH, Huang RF. Protective Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis Treatment on Acute Kidney Injury-Induced Acute Lung Injury through AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:875-884. [PMID: 36843056 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate protective effect of Cordyceps sinensis (CS) through autophagy-associated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups according to a random number table, including the normal saline (NS)-treated sham group (sham group), NS-treated ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) group (IRI group), and low- (5 g/kg·d) and high-dose (10 g/kg·d) CS-treated IRI groups (CS1 and CS2 groups), 12 rats in each group. Nephrectomy of the right kidney was performed on the IRI rat model that was subjected to 60 min of left renal pedicle occlusion followed by 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of reperfusion. The wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio of lung, levels of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin- β and tumor necrosis factor- α, and biomarkers of oxidative stress such as superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), were assayed. Histological examinations were conducted to determine damage of tissues in the kidney and lung. The protein expressions of light chain 3 II/light chain 3 I (LC3-II/LC3-I), uncoordinated-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), P62, AMPK and mTOR were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS The renal IRI induced pulmonary injury following AKI, resulting in significant increases in W/D ratio of lung, and the levels of Scr, BUN, inflammatory cytokines, MDA and MPO (P<0.01); all of these were reduced in the CS groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the IRI groups, the expression levels of P62 and mTOR were significantly lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while those of LC3-II/LC3-I, ULK1, and AMPK were significantly higher in the CS2 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION CS had a potential in treating lung injury following renal IRI through activation of the autophagy-related AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in AKI-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lin Wang
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shu-Hua Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Si-Heng Shen
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lu-Yong Jian
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hua-Hui Guo
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Huang
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
| | - Peng-Hui Chen
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China
| | - Ren-Fa Huang
- Nephropathy Department, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518034, China.
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Bai C, Su F, Zhang W, Kuang H. A Systematic Review on the Research Progress on Polysaccharides from Fungal Traditional Chinese Medicine. Molecules 2023; 28:6816. [PMID: 37836659 PMCID: PMC10574063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a class of natural drugs with multiple components and significant therapeutic effects through multiple targets. It also originates from a wide range of sources containing plants, animals and minerals, and among them, plant-based Chinese medicine also includes fungi. Fungal traditional Chinese medicine is a medicinal resource with a long history and widespread application in China. Accumulating evidence confirms that polysaccharide is the main pharmacodynamic material on which fungal TCM is based. The purpose of the current systematic review is to summarize the extraction, isolation, structural identification, biological functions, quality control and medicinal and edible applications of polysaccharides from fungal TCM in the past three years. This paper will supplement and deepen the understanding and application of polysaccharides from fungal TCM, and propose some valuable insights for further research and development of drugs and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.B.); (F.S.); (W.Z.)
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17
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Xie L, Shen M, Huang R, Liu X, Yu Y, Lu H, Xie J. Apoptosis of colon cancer CT-26 cells induced polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus and its phosphorylated derivative via intrinsic mitochondrial passway. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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18
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Li Q, Liu X, Yan C, Zhao B, Zhao Y, Yang L, Shi M, Yu H, Li X, Luo K. Polysaccharide-Based Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Combination Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206211. [PMID: 36890780 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a promising antitumor approach, whereas nontherapeutic side effects, tumor microenvironment (TME) intricacy, and low tumor immunogenicity limit its therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, combination immunotherapy with other therapies has been proven to considerably increase antitumor efficacy. However, achieving codelivery of the drugs to the tumor site remains a major challenge. Stimulus-responsive nanodelivery systems show controlled drug delivery and precise drug release. Polysaccharides, a family of potential biomaterials, are widely used in the development of stimulus-responsive nanomedicines due to their unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and modifiability. Here, the antitumor activity of polysaccharides and several combined immunotherapy strategies (e.g., immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, or photothermal therapy) are summarized. More importantly, the recent progress of polysaccharide-based stimulus-responsive nanomedicines for combination cancer immunotherapy is discussed, with the focus on construction of nanomedicine, targeted delivery, drug release, and enhanced antitumor effects. Finally, the limitations and application prospects of this new field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bolin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mingyi Shi
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kaipei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China
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19
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Huang T, Zhang K, Wang J, He K, Zhou X, Nie S. Quercetin Alleviates Acrylamide-Induced Liver Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy-Dependent Ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7427-7439. [PMID: 37134181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) generated in carbohydrate-rich foods during thermal processing has been demonstrated to exhibit hepatotoxicity. As one of the most consumed flavonoids with diet, quercetin (QCT) possesses the ability to protect against ACR-induced toxicity, albeit its mechanism is unclear. Herein, we discovered that QCT alleviated ACR-induced elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), AST, and ALT in mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed that QCT reversed the ferroptosis signaling pathway upregulated by ACR. Subsequently, experiments indicated that QCT inhibited ACR-induced ferroptosis through the reduction of oxidative stress. With autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, we further confirmed that QCT suppressed ACR-induced ferroptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress-driven autophagy. Additionally, QCT specifically reacted with autophagic cargo receptor NCOA4, blocked the degradation of iron storage protein FTH1, and eventually downregulated the intracellular iron levels and the consequent ferroptosis. Collectively, our results presented a unique approach to alleviate ACR-induced liver injury by targeting ferroptosis with QCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Junqiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Kaihong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
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Tan L, Liu S, Li X, He J, He L, Li Y, Yang C, Li Y, Hua Y, Guo J. The Large Molecular Weight Polysaccharide from Wild Cordyceps and Its Antitumor Activity on H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083351. [PMID: 37110586 PMCID: PMC10141569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps has anti-cancer effects; however, the bioactive substance and its effect are still unclear. Polysaccharides extracted from Cordyceps sinensis, the fugus of Cordyceps, have been reported to have anti-cancer properties. Thus, we speculated that polysaccharides might be the key anti-tumor active ingredients of Cordyceps because of their larger molecular weight than that of polysaccharides in Cordyceps sinensis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of wild Cordyceps polysaccharides on H22 liver cancer and the underlying mechanism. The structural characteristics of the polysaccharides of WCP were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, high-performance gel-permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, H22 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were used to explore the anti-tumor effect of WCP (100 and 300 mg/kg/d). The mechanism by WCP inhibited H22 tumors was uncovered by the TUNEL assay, flow cytometry, hematoxylin-eosin staining, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. Here, our results showed that WCP presented high purity with an average molecular weight of 2.1 × 106 Da and 2.19 × 104 Da. WCP was determined to be composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose. Notably, WCP could inhibit the proliferation of H22 tumors not only by improving immune function, but also by promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells, likely through the IL-10/STAT3/Bcl2 and Cyto-c/Caspase8/3 signaling pathways, in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Particularly, WCP had essentially no side effects compared to 5-FU, a common drug used in the treatment of liver cancer. In conclusion, WCP could be a potential anti-tumor product with strong regulatory effects in H22 liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sijing Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaoxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing He
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liying He
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanan Hua
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Jin MH, Hu JN, Zhang M, Meng Z, Shi GP, Wang Z, Li W. Maltol attenuates polystyrene nanoplastic-induced enterotoxicity by promoting AMPK/mTOR/TFEB-mediated autophagy and modulating gut microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121202. [PMID: 36736819 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The production and application of nanoplastics has been increased during decades, and the enterotoxicity caused by their bioaccumulation has attracted vast attention. Maltol was proved to exert a protective effect on gut damage induced by carbon tetrachloride and cisplatin, indicating its confrontation with nanoplastics-induced intestinal toxicity. To explore the ameliorative effects of maltol on polystyrene nanoplastics (PS)-mediated enterotoxicity and the underlying mechanism, the mice were exposed to PS (100 mg/kg), combining with or without the treatment of maltol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg. We found PS exposure caused intestinal barrier damage and enterocyte apoptosis, while lysosomal dysfunction and autophagic substrate degradation arrest in enterocytes of mice were also observed. In addition, PS exacerbated the disturbance of the intestinal microbial community, affected the abundance of lysosome and apoptosis-related bacterial genes, and decreased the number of known short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria. However, those alterations were improved by the maltol treatment. Maltol also protected the human intestinal Caco-2 cells from PS-induce damages. Mechanistic studies showed maltol promoted TFEB nuclear translocation through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to restore lysosomal function and reduce autophagy dependent apoptosis. The findings in the present work might help to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of PS-induced enterotoxicity. For the first time to our knowledge, the protective effect of maltol on PS-induced intestinal injury was studied from multiple perspectives, which provided a potential therapeutic approach for diseases caused by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Jin
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Lu J, Yang Y, Varga E, Marko D, Yu Q, Xie J, Li C, Chen Y. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Protecting IEC-6 Cells from Acrylamide-Induced Tight Junction Damage by Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200774. [PMID: 36565056 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The previous in vivo studies show Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-F2 ) has a protective effect against the acrylamide (AA)-induced intestinal oxidative damage in rats. Now, this study aims to explore the protective mechanism with IEC-6 cell model. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq), the study screens MAPK signaling pathway as one of the most crucial pathways for pretreatment with PSG-F2 against AA-induced damage in IEC-6 cells. In total, six key MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins (p-P38/P38, p-ERK/ERK, and p-JNK/JNK), and three tight junction key proteins (Zonula Occludens protein-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin) are detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence, which verify the RNA-Seq data. Moreover, PD98059 interference inhibits critical proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway, thus uncovering the precise molecular mechanisms of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway involve in the protective effects of PSG-F2 against AA-induced intestinal barrier damage. CONCLUSION These findings confirm that PSG-F2 can be used as a daily dietary supplement to protect the intestinal cells from damage caused by thermal processing hazards AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Elisabeth Varga
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, P. R. China
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Li M, Hu Z, Guo T, Xie T, Tang Y, Wu X, Luo F. Targeting mTOR Signaling by Dietary Polysaccharides in Cancer Prevention: Advances and Challenges. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:96-109. [PMID: 36541706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the most serious problem for public health. Traditional treatments often come with unavoidable side effects. Therefore, the therapeutic effects of natural products with wide sources and low toxicity are attracting more and more attention. Polysaccharides have been shown to have cancer-fighting potential, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has become an attractive target of antitumor therapy research in recent years. The regulation of mTOR pathway not only affects cell proliferation and growth but also has an important effect in tumor metabolism. Recent studies indicate that dietary polysaccharides play a vital role in cancer prevention and treatment by regulating mTOR pathway. Here, the progress in targeting mTOR signaling by dietary polysaccharides in cancer prevention and their molecular mechanisms are systemically summarized. It will promote the understanding of the anticancer effects of polysaccharides and provide reference to investigators of this cutting edge field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Tiantian Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Yanqin Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
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Chatnarin S, Thirabunyanon M. Potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of cultured mycelial enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis OS8. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150287. [PMID: 37114040 PMCID: PMC10126296 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ophiocordyceps sinensis is well-known worldwide as a traditional medicine. An alternative natural source of O. sinensis is provided by mycelial cultivation. However, the bioactivities of cultured mycelial-enriched β-D-glucan polysaccharides from a novel fungus O. sinensis OS8 are still unknown. Methods We investigated the potential bioactivities via anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory polysaccharides (OS8P) produced from cultured mycelia of O. sinensis OS8. This strain is a novel fungus isolated from natural O. sinensis, which is further cultured by submerged mycelial cultivation for polysaccharide production. Results The yield of mycelial biomass was 23.61 g/l, and it contained 306.1 mg/100 g of adenosine and 3.22 g/100 g of polysaccharides. This OS8P was enriched with β-D-glucan at 56.92% and another form of α-D-glucan at 35.32%. The main components of OS8P were dodecamethyl pentasiloxane, 2,6-bis (methylthiomethyl) pyridine, 2-(4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-Benzimidazole, and 2-Chloro-4-(4-nitroanilino)-6-(O-toluidino)-1,3,5-triazine at the rates of 32.5, 20.0, 17.5, and 16.25%, respectively. The growth of colon cancer cells (HT-29) was significantly inhibited by OS8P, with IC50 value of 202.98 µg/ml, and encouraged apoptosis in HT-29 cells as confirmed by morphological change analysis via AO/PI and DAPI staining, DNA fragmentation, and scanning electron microscopic observations. In addition, significant antioxidant activity was demonstrated by OS8P through DPPH and ABTS assays, with IC50 values of 0.52 and 2.07 mg/ml, respectively. The OS8P also exhibited suitable immunomodulatory activities that significantly enhanced (P< 0.05) the induction of splenocyte proliferation. Conclusion The OS8P enriched with β-D-glucan polysaccharides and produced by submerged mycelial culture of a new fungal strain of O. sinensis OS8 strongly inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells without any cytotoxicity against normal cells. The potential effect of the OS8P on the cancer cells was due to the stimulation of apoptosis. Also, the OS8P exhibited good antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The results indicate that OS8P has promising applications in the functional food industry and/or therapeutic agents for colon cancer.
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25
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Luque C, Cepero A, Perazzoli G, Mesas C, Quiñonero F, Cabeza L, Prados J, Melguizo C. In Vitro Efficacy of Extracts and Isolated Bioactive Compounds from Ascomycota Fungi in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010022. [PMID: 36678519 PMCID: PMC9864996 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the advances and success of current treatments (e.g., chemotherapy), there are multiple serious side effects which require the development of new treatment strategies. In recent years, fungi have gained considerable attention as a source of extracts and bioactive compounds with antitumor capabilities because of their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and even their anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. In the present review, a systematic search of the existing literature in four electronic databases was carried out in which the antitumor activity against CRC cells of Ascomycota fungi extracts or compounds was tested. The systematical research in the four databases resulted in a total of 883 articles. After applying exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 75 articles were finally studied. The order Eurotiales was the most studied (46% of the articles), and the ethyl acetate extraction was the most used method (49% of the papers). Penicillium extracts and gliotoxin and acetylgliotoxin G bioactive compounds showed the highest cytotoxic activity. This review also focuses on the action mechanisms of the extracts and bioactive compounds of fungi against CRC, which were mediated by apoptosis induction and the arrest of the cell cycle, which induces a notable reduction in the CRC cell proliferation capacity, and by the reduction in cell migration that limits their ability to produce metastasis. Thus, the ability of fungi to induce the death of cancer cells through different mechanisms may be the basis for the development of new therapies that improve the current results, especially in the more advanced stages of the CCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Luque
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Cepero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Quiñonero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-248819
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Liang Y, Zhang D, Gong J, He W, Jin J, He Q. Mechanism study of Cordyceps sinensis alleviates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to protect renal function and relieve kidney injury. This study aimed to reveal the renal protective mechanism of C. sinensis in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (RIRI). First, we obtained 8 active components and 99 common targets of C. sinensis against RIRI from public databases. Second, we have retrieved 38 core targets through STRING database analysis. Third, Gene Ontology analysis of 38 core targets is indicated that C. sinensis treatment RIRI may related hormone regulation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and immune regulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of 38 core targets is indicated that C. sinensis treatment RIRI may involve in PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as advanced glycation end product (AGE)–receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Lastly, molecular docking was used to detect the binding activity and properties of active components and core target using molecular docking. And the results showed that eight active components of C. sinensis had low affinity with core targets. In conclusion, C. sinensis may improve RIRI by regulating oxidative stress and immunity through PI3K–Akt, HIF-1, and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Di Zhang
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Jianguang Gong
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Wenfang He
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Juan Jin
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
| | - Qiang He
- Urology & Nephrology Center, Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , Zhejiang, 310014 , China
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Zhang K, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang Y, Hu J, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Nie S, Xie M. Aloe gel glucomannan induced colon cancer cell death via mitochondrial damage-driven PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Zhang S, Li Y, Li Z, Liu W, Zhang H, Ohizumi Y, Nakajima A, Xu J, Guo Y. Structure, anti-tumor activity, and potential anti-tumor mechanism of a fungus polysaccharide from Fomes officinalis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liu Y, Guo ZJ, Zhou XW. Chinese Cordyceps: Bioactive Components, Antitumor Effects and Underlying Mechanism-A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196576. [PMID: 36235111 PMCID: PMC9572669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese Cordyceps is a valuable source of natural products with various therapeutic effects. It is rich in various active components, of which adenosine, cordycepin and polysaccharides have been confirmed with significant immunomodulatory and antitumor functions. However, the underlying antitumor mechanism remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the chemical characteristics of the main components and their pharmacological effects and mechanism on immunomodulatory and antitumor functions. The analysis revealed that Chinese Cordyceps promotes immune cells' antitumor function by via upregulating immune responses and downregulating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and resetting the immune cells' phenotype. Moreover, Chinese Cordyceps can inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells by death (including apoptosis and autophagy) induction, cell-cycle arrest, and angiogenesis inhibition. Recent evidence has revealed that the signal pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), cysteine-aspartic proteases (caspases) and serine/threonine kinase Akt were involved in the antitumor mechanisms. In conclusion, Chinese Cordyceps, one type of magic mushroom, can be potentially developed as immunomodulator and anticancer therapeutic agents.
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Chen Y, Chen P, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Penthorum chinense Pursh polysaccharide induces a mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of H22 cells and activation of immunoregulation in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:510-522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Structure elucidation and antitumor activity of a water soluble polysaccharide from Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119718. [PMID: 35725190 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sea urchin nowadays serves as a delicacy around the world, and its gonads accumulate abundant polysaccharides before gametogenesis. However, the structure and bioactivity of these polysaccharides remain less well understood. Herein, a water soluble polysaccharide (HPP-1S) with a molecular weight of 2.996 × 107 Da was purified from the gonads of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Chemical, spectroscopic and oligosaccharide sequencing analyses revealed that HPP-1S was a highly homogeneous polysaccharide featuring a linear backbone of 1,4-linked α-d-glucose with 1,6-α-d-glucose and 1,6-α-D-glucuronic acid side chains grafted on the backbone in an alternating pattern. In vitro, HPP-1S can arrest the cell cycle at G2/M and sub-G1 phases, and induce apoptosis in Hela cells potentially by increasing expression ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. In vivo, HPP-1S exhibited obvious antitumor efficacy in Hela xenograft-bearing nude mice with low toxicity. These findings indicated that HPP-1S might serve as a potential low toxic antitumor agent.
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Li W, Li J, Hu X, Xu L, Liu X, Qian Z, Jin L, Zhang Y, Wei J, Liu X. Tumour suppression by Chinese cordyceps extract via antiangiogenic activity. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-022-01821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Yu C, Li Y, Chen G, Wu C, Wang X, Zhang Y. Bioactive constituents of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicinal materials for breast cancer: opportunities and challenges. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:547-563. [PMID: 35794685 PMCID: PMC9264107 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is globally the most common invasive cancer in women and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and endocrine therapy are currently the main treatments for this cancer type. However, some breast cancer patients are prone to drug resistance related to chemotherapy or immunotherapy, resulting in limited treatment efficacy. Consequently, traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMMs) as natural products have become an attractive source of novel drugs. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the active components of animal-derived TCMMs, including Ophiocordycepssinensis-derived cordycepin, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of O.sinensis, norcantharidin (NCTD), Chansu, bee venom, deer antlers, Ostreagigas, and scorpion venom, with reference to marked anti-breast cancer effects due to regulating cell cycle arrest, proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In future studies, the underlying mechanisms for the antitumor effects of these components need to be further investigated by utilizing multi-omics technologies. Furthermore, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy of bioactive constituents alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaochao Yu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guopeng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaoyan Wu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Kirdeeva Y, Fedorova O, Daks A, Barlev N, Shuvalov O. How Should the Worldwide Knowledge of Traditional Cancer Healing Be Integrated with Herbs and Mushrooms into Modern Molecular Pharmacology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:868. [PMID: 35890166 PMCID: PMC9320176 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) is a "core" from which modern medicine has evolved over time. Besides this, one third of people worldwide have no access to modern medicine and rely only on traditional medicine. To date, drugs of plant origin, or their derivates (paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan, and omacetaxine), are very important in the therapy of malignancies and they are included in most chemotherapeutic regimes. To date, 391,000 plant and 14,000 mushroom species exist. Their medical and biochemical capabilities have not been studied in detail. In this review, we systematized the information about plants and mushrooms, as well as their active compounds with antitumor properties. Plants and mushrooms are divided based on the regions where they are used in ethnomedicine to treat malignancies. The majority of their active compounds with antineoplastic properties and mechanisms of action are described. Furthermore, on the basis of the available information, we divided them into two priority groups for research and for their potential of use in antitumor therapy. As there are many prerequisites and some examples how THM helps and strengthens modern medicine, finally, we discuss the positive points of THM and the management required to transform and integrate THM into the modern medicine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
| | - Nikolai Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (Y.K.); (O.F.); (A.D.)
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, Russia
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Xu J, Shen R, Jiao Z, Chen W, Peng D, Wang L, Yu N, Peng C, Cai B, Song H, Chen F, Liu B. Current Advancements in Antitumor Properties and Mechanisms of Medicinal Components in Edible Mushrooms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132622. [PMID: 35807802 PMCID: PMC9268676 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible and medicinal fungi, a group of eukaryotic organisms with numerous varieties, including Coriolus versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Grifola frondosa, have been demonstrated to possess a board range of pharmaceutical properties, including anti-virus, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotection. Moreover, edible and medicinal fungi have been traditionally consumed as food to provide multiple nutrients and as drugs owing to having the activities of invigorating blood circulation, reinforcing the healthy qi, clearing away heat, and eliminating stasis for thousands of years in China. Malignant tumors, well-known as the second leading cause of death globally, accounted for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. Thus, in-depth exploration of strategies to prevent and treat cancer is extremely urgent. A variety of studies have reported that the main bioactive components of edible and medicinal fungi, mainly polysaccharides and triterpenoids, exhibit diverse anticancer activities via multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, reversing multidrug resistance, and regulation of immune responses, thus suggesting their substantial potential in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Our review summarizes the research progress on the anticancer properties of edible and medicinal fungi and the underlying molecular mechanism, which may offer a better understanding of this field. Additionally, few studies have reported the safety and efficacy of extracts from edible and medicinal fungi, which may limit their clinical application. In summary, there is a need to continue to explore the use of those extracts and to further validate their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
| | - Rui Shen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
| | - Zhuoya Jiao
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (W.C.); (D.P.); (L.W.); (N.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (W.C.); (D.P.); (L.W.); (N.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (W.C.); (D.P.); (L.W.); (N.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (W.C.); (D.P.); (L.W.); (N.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Can Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (W.C.); (D.P.); (L.W.); (N.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Biao Cai
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
| | - Hang Song
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Fengyuan Chen
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (J.X.); (R.S.); (Z.J.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.S.); (F.C.)
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Astragalus Shiitake—A Novel Functional Food with High Polysaccharide Content and Anti-Proliferative Activity in a Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112333. [PMID: 35684133 PMCID: PMC9182587 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical and nutritional constituents of mushrooms can alter significantly when grown on different substrates. Based on this fact, an approach was made to cultivate a new type of mushroom, Hengshan Astragalus Shiitake, by growing Shiitake mushrooms on beds supplemented with the roots of an edible herbal plant, Astragalus membranaceus. In this study, three green extraction techniques, including microwave-enzyme assisted (MEA), ultrasound-enzyme assisted (UEA) and microwave-ultrasound-enzyme assisted (MUEA) extractions, were used to compare both the yield and antiproliferative activity of the polysaccharide-rich extracts (PREs) from HAS in human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT 116). Both HAS-A and HAS-B extracts contain significantly higher amounts of polysaccharides when compared to the control (Shiitake extract), regardless of the extraction methods. The PREs from HAS-B have significantly higher anti-proliferative activity in HCT 116 compared to the control when using the UEA extraction method. Our findings demonstrate that HAS-B can become a novel functional food with anti-proliferative activities and the optimization of UEA extraction would help to develop new active extract-based health products.
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Lin M, Guo S, Xie D, Li S, Hu H. Lipidomic profiling of wild cordyceps and its substituents by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Zou L, Liao M, Zhen Y, Zhu S, Chen X, Zhang J, Hao Y, Liu B. Autophagy and beyond: Unraveling the complexity of UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) from biological functions to therapeutic implications. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3743-3782. [PMID: 36213540 PMCID: PMC9532564 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), as a serine/threonine kinase, is an autophagic initiator in mammals and a homologous protein of autophagy related protein (Atg) 1 in yeast and of UNC-51 in Caenorhabditis elegans. ULK1 is well-known for autophagy activation, which is evolutionarily conserved in protein transport and indispensable to maintain cell homeostasis. As the direct target of energy and nutrition-sensing kinase, ULK1 may contribute to the distribution and utilization of cellular resources in response to metabolism and is closely associated with multiple pathophysiological processes. Moreover, ULK1 has been widely reported to play a crucial role in human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and infections, and subsequently targeted small-molecule inhibitors or activators are also demonstrated. Interestingly, the non-autophagy function of ULK1 has been emerging, indicating that non-autophagy-relevant ULK1 signaling network is also linked with diseases under some specific contexts. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the structure and functions of ULK1 as an autophagic initiator, with a focus on some new approaches, and further elucidated the key roles of ULK1 in autophagy and non-autophagy. Additionally, we also discussed the relationships between ULK1 and human diseases, as well as illustrated a rapid progress for better understanding of the discovery of more candidate small-molecule drugs targeting ULK1, which will provide a clue on novel ULK1-targeted therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongqi Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiya Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Yue Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 28 85503817.
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Li M, Huang Y, Song S, Shuang S, Dong C. Piperazine-Based Mitochondria-Immobilized pH Fluorescent Probe for Imaging Endogenous ONOO – and Real-Time Tracking of Mitophagy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:2777-2785. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shengmei Song
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
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40
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Liu H, Wang D, Wang J, Liu M, Yang Y, Zhong S. A natural selenium polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus: Structural elucidation, anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:630-640. [PMID: 35066027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development and application of new natural selenium polysaccharides with relatively clear structure and excellent activity have become hot and difficult issues. This study used GC-MS and 2D NMR to characterize the detailed chain structure information of selenium polysaccharide (Se-POP-3) from Selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus, and then explored its anti-gastric cancer and anti-colon cancer effects in vitro. Results showed that the main chain of Se-POP-3 was →[3)-β-D-Glcp-(1]2 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the branch was α-D-Glcp-(1 → [4)-α-D-Glcp-(1]4→, which was connected to the main chain through the O-3 bond of →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → glycosidic bond. In addition, Se-POP-3 could reduce viability, induce apoptosis, inhibit migration and invasion, destroy the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and inhibit the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of MGC-803 and HCT-116 cells in vitro. Moreover, this study also showed that within the concentration range set in this study, Se-POP-3 had no significant effect on the growth of normal cells (NCM460 cells). This study can provide a theoretical basis for the potential application of Se-POP-3 as an anti-gastrointestinal cancer drug or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - De Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Guo R, Chen M, Ding Y, Yang P, Wang M, Zhang H, He Y, Ma H. Polysaccharides as Potential Anti-tumor Biomacromolecules —A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838179. [PMID: 35295918 PMCID: PMC8919066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as one of the most life-threatening diseases, has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with minimal side effects. The bioactive macromolecules, such as the polysaccharides, are considered the potential candidates against cancer due to their anti-tumor activities and non-toxic characteristics. The present review provides an overview on polysaccharides' extraction, isolation, purification, mechanisms for their anti-tumor activities, structure-activity relationships, absorption and metabolism of polysaccharides, and the applications of polysaccharides in anti-tumor therapy. Numerous research showed extraction methods of polysaccharides had a significant influence on their activities. Additionally, the anti-tumor activities of the polysaccharides are closely related to their structure, while molecular modification and high bioavailability may enhance the anti-tumor activity. Moreover, most of the polysaccharides exerted an anti-tumor activity mainly through the cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immunomodulation mechanisms. Also, recommendations were made to utilize the polysaccharides against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Chen
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengyao Yang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanqing He
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanqing He
| | - Haile Ma
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Extraction, structure and pharmacological effects of the polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis: A review. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Wan X, Jin X, Wu X, Yang X, Lin D, Li C, Fu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Lv J, Gontcharov AA, Yang H, Wang Q, Li Y. Structural characterisation and antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus vaninii. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118798. [PMID: 34823804 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal fungus Sanghuangporus vaninii can be cultivated in large scale and has outstanding antitumour activity. In this study, water-soluble S. vaninii polysaccharides (SVPs) were extracted from fruiting bodies. Four polysaccharide sub-fractions (SVP-W, SVP-1, SVP-2 and SVP-3) were isolated, with molecular weights from 90.50 kDa to 261.70 kDa, and all inhibited the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549, 95-D and NCI-H460, especially the acidic SVP-1. SVP-1 affected cell morphology and colony formation in NCI-H460 cells. It also promoted cell apoptosis following nuclear fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed that SVP-1 is a heteroglycan with the main chain →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the branched chain α-D-Manp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→. The findings indicate that this natural acidic polysaccharide has potential for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wan
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xinmin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Electric Diagnosis Department, Jilin Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin 132000, China
| | - Changtian Li
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yongping Fu
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yang Liu
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinze Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Andrey A Gontcharov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, FEB RAS, 100-letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Qi Wang
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yu Li
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Yu YH, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhang XN, Zhao XH. Activities of the soluble and non-digestible longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) polysaccharides against HCT-116 cells as affected by a chemical selenylation. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1071-1083. [PMID: 35799859 PMCID: PMC9253915 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble and non-digestible longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) polysaccharides (LP) with Se content less than 0.01 g/kg were extracted and selenylated chemically with the HNO3–Na2SeO3 system, to prepare two selenylated products namely SeLP1 and SeLP2 with enhanced Se contents of 1.46 and 4.79 g/kg, respectively. LP, SeLP1, and SeLP2 were then measured and compared for their saccharide features and bioactivity in human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells. Compared with LP, both SeLP1 and SeLP2 contained more neutral saccharides, but showed reduced uronic acid content and undetectable sulfate. Moreover, SeLP1 and especially SeLP2 in the cells showed higher activities than LP, reflected by their enhanced capacity to inhibit cell growth, alter cell morphology, and suppress cell colony formation. Compared with LP, SeLP1 and especially SeLP2 were also more capable of promoting intracellular reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ levels, causing mitochondrial membrane potential loss, or inducing cell apoptosis via up- and down-regulating the eight apoptosis-related genes and proteins. Overall, the performed chemical selenylation of LP resulted in obvious changes in these saccharide features and simultaneously enhanced the anti-cancer activity of the selenylated products against the cells clearly, while a higher selenylation extent of the selenylated products consistently caused higher activity towards the cells. The results of this study thus highlighted that this chemical selenylation is applicable when aiming to enhance the bioactivities of natural polysaccharides. Chemical selenylation of longan polysaccharides causes Se conjugation covalently. The selenylated polysaccharides have changes in saccharide features and sulfate. The selenylated polysaccharides have higher activities to HCT-116 cells. Higher polysaccharide selenylation consistently leads to activity increase in cells.
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Tao S, Ren Z, Yang Z, Duan S, Wan Z, Huang J, Liu C, Wei G. Effects of Different Molecular Weight Polysaccharides From Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo on Human Colorectal Cancer and Transcriptome Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:704486. [PMID: 34925000 PMCID: PMC8678483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.704486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antitumor effects of four fractions of Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo (D. officinale) polysaccharides with different molecular weights (Mw), Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides (APS) and Lentinus edodes polysaccharides (LNT) on colorectal cancer (CRC) using a zebrafish xenograft model. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to further explore the possible antitumor mechanisms of D. officinale polysaccharides. Fractions of D. officinale polysaccharides, LNT, and APS could significantly inhibit the growth of HT-29 cells in a zebrafish xenograft model. One fraction of D. officinale polysaccharides called DOPW-1 (Mw of 389.98 kDa) exhibited the strongest tumor inhibition. Compared with the control group, RNA-seq revealed that the DOPW-1–treated experimental group had 119 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 45 had upregulated expression and 74 had downregulated expression. Analyses using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes suggested that the pathway “apoptosis-multiple species” was the most significantly enriched. Our data indicated that 1) fractions of D. officinale polysaccharides of Mw 389.98 kDa were most suitable against CRC; 2) DOPW-1 could be developed into a clinical agent against CRC; and 3) an apoptosis pathway is important for DOPW-1 to inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchang Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhiyao Ren
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zerui Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuna Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
| | - Zhongxian Wan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
| | - Chenxing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou Y, Zhou X, Hong T, Qi W, Zhang K, Geng F, Nie S. Lysosome-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis induced by tea polysaccharides promotes colon cancer cell death. Food Funct 2021; 12:10524-10537. [PMID: 34569560 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00987g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The release of lysosomal hydrolase into the cytoplasm is accompanied by several systems of apoptosis signal transduction, and the imbalance between cell viability and apoptosis induces tumorigenesis. Tea polysaccharides (TPs) are the main bioactive components in green tea with hopeful anti-tumor efficacy, while their mechanism is still unclear. Here, TPs significantly promoted the death of colon cancer cell line CT26. RNA-seq results showed that the signal pathways up-regulated by TPs included lysosome pathways, apoptosis, the release of mitochondrial pigment c and programmed cell death. Among them, the results of AO-EB and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining indicated that TPs significantly up-regulated apoptosis. In addition, TPs significantly disrupted the function of lysosomes, which would cause mitochondrial damage. Intriguingly, TPs treatment increased the expression of Bak1, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3, but decreased the level of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial membrane potential, which indicated that TPs induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, TPs ameliorated the reduced lysosomal numbers by Baf A1 (lysosomal inhibitor). Therefore, our data indicated that TPs targeted lysosomes and induced apoptosis by a lysosomal-mitochondrial pathway mediated caspase cascade, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of CT26 cells. In short, the data would help the development of TPs as potential cancer drug therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Tao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Wucheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, China.
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47
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Zheng B, Zhou X, Hu X, Chen Y, Xie J, Yu Q. Advances in the regulation of natural polysaccharides on human health: The role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34711083 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1995844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the multiple biological activities of polysaccharides, their great potential as "natural drugs" for many diseases has been the subject of continuous exploration in the field of food and nutrition. Apoptosis and autophagy play a key role in mammalian growth, development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that apoptosis/autophagy may be the key regulatory target for the beneficial effects of polysaccharides. However, the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by polysaccharides is not consistent in different disease models. Therefore, this review outlined the relationship between apoptosis/autophagy and some common human diseases, then discussed the role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway in the regulation of human health by polysaccharides, Furthermore, the application of visualization, imaging and multi-omics techniques was proposed in the future trend. The present review may be beneficial to accelerate our understanding of the anti-disease mechanisms of polysaccharides, and promote the development and utilization of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Li Z, Xu X, Meng Y, Ma Q, Huma F, Zhang P, Chen K. [Assessment of biological activities of exopolysaccharides with different relative molecular masses extracted from Rhizopus nigricans]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1540-1546. [PMID: 34755670 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities of exopolysaccharides with different molecular masses isolated from Rhizopus nigricans. METHODS Three polysaccharides with different molecular masses, namely RPS-1, RPS-2 and RPS-3, were separated from the fermentation broth of Rhizopus nigricans by fractional ethanol precipitation, and their capacity for scavenging DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radicals was assessed. Cell counting kit-8 was used to analyze the changes in the viability of MFC, A549 and RAW 264.7 cells following treatments with the 3 polysaccharides; The level of nitric oxide in the supernatant of RAW 264.7 cells was detected using a nitric oxide detection kit, and the apoptosis rate of A549 cells was analyzed with flow cytometry. RESULTS All the 3 polysaccharides had good antioxidant activities, and among them RPS-1 with a medium molecular mass exhibited the strongest scavenging capacity for DPPH and ABTS radicals (P < 0.05) while RPS-3 with the lowest molecular mass had the best scavenging activity for hydroxyl radicals (P < 0.01). All the 3 polysaccharides were capable of inhibiting the proliferation of MFC cells and A549 cells, activating the macrophages RAW 264.7 cells, and inducing apoptosis of A549 cells. RPS-2 with the highest molecular mass showed the strongest inhibitory effects against MFC and A549 cells (P > 0.05), and RPS-2 had the strongest activity for inducing apoptosis in A549 cells (P < 0.05). Compared with the other two polysaccharides, RPS-2 more strongly promoted the proliferation of RAW 264.7 cells and enhanced NO release from the cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The 3 polysaccharides all have antioxidant, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities, and among them RPS-1 and RPS-3 have better antioxidant activities, and RPS-2 has stronger anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - X Xu
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Y Meng
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Q Ma
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - F Huma
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - P Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - K Chen
- School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.,National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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49
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Narrative Review: Bioactive Potential of Various Mushrooms as the Treasure of Versatile Therapeutic Natural Product. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090728. [PMID: 34575766 PMCID: PMC8466349 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have remained an eternal part of traditional cuisines due to their beneficial health potential and have long been recognized as a folk medicine for their broad spectrum of nutraceuticals, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic uses. Nowadays, they have been extensively investigated to explain the chemical nature and mechanisms of action of their biomedicine and nutraceuticals capacity. Mushrooms belong to the astounding dominion of Fungi and are known as a macrofungus. Significant health benefits of mushrooms, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antifungal, wound healing, anticancer, immunomodulating, antioxidant, radical scavenging, detoxification, hepatoprotective cardiovascular, anti-hypercholesterolemia, and anti-diabetic effects, etc., have been reported around the globe and have attracted significant interests of its further exploration in commercial sectors. They can function as functional foods, help in the treatment and therapeutic interventions of sub-optimal health states, and prevent some consequences of life-threatening diseases. Mushrooms mainly contained low and high molecular weight polysaccharides, fatty acids, lectins, and glucans responsible for their therapeutic action. Due to the large varieties of mushrooms present, it becomes challenging to identify chemical components present in them and their beneficial action. This article highlights such therapeutic activities with their active ingredients for mushrooms.
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50
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zheng Z, Tang W, Song M, Wang J, Wang K. Lentinan inhibited colon cancer growth by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagic cell death and apoptosis. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118154. [PMID: 34119128 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lentinan (SLNT) has been shown to be directly cytotoxic to cancer cells. However, this direct antitumour effect has not been thoroughly investigated in vivo, and the mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to examine the direct antitumour effect of SLNT on human colon cancer and the mechanism in vivo and in vitro. SLNT significantly inhibited tumour growth and induced autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in HT-29 cells and tumour-bearing nonobese diabetic (NOD)/severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Experiments with the autophagy inhibitors chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) showed that autophagy facilitated the antitumour effect of SLNT. Moreover, ERS was identified as the common upstream regulator of SLNT-induced increases in Ca2+concentrations, autophagy and apoptosis by using ERS inhibitors. In summary, our study demonstrated that SLNT exerted direct antitumour effects on human colon cancer via ERS-mediated autophagy and apoptosis, providing a novel understanding of SLNT as an anti-colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yinxing Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ziming Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wenqi Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Mengzi Song
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Kaiping Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Nature Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, PR China.
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