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Guo M, Sun R, Wu Z, Li A, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Liu H, Wang B, Xiao K, Shi Z, Ji W. A comparative study on the immune response in the head and trunk kidney of yellow catfish infected with Edwardsiella ictaluri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024:109895. [PMID: 39265963 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The teleost kidneys are anatomically divided into head kidney and trunk kidney, each performing distinct physiological functions. Although previous research has elucidated the role of the head kidney in immune responses, there is a paucity of literature on the comparative studies of the head and trunk kidney response to bacterial infection. Therefore, an Edwardsiella ictaluri infection model of yellow catfish was constructed to investigate and compare the immune responses between the two kidney types. The findings indicated that E. ictaluri infection induced significant pathological changes in both the head and trunk kidney. Despite variances in structure, both the head and trunk kidney of yellow catfish exhibit robust immune responses following E. ictaluri infection. Unexpectedly, the up-regulation level of IgM was found to be higher in the trunk kidney compared to the head kidney. Additionally, both the IgM+ and IgT+ B cells were increased after bacterial infection. This research elucidates the parallels and distinctions in immune functions between both the head and trunk kidney in fish, enriching the immune theory of the fish kidney, and also providing a theoretical basis for the immune response of teleost kidney against bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Guo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruhan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhengyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhangchun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bingchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zechao Shi
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China.
| | - Wei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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2
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Han XQ, Cui ZW, Ma ZY, Wang J, Hu YZ, Li J, Ye JM, Tafalla C, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Phagocytic Plasma Cells in Teleost Fish Provide Insights into the Origin and Evolution of B Cells in Vertebrates. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:730-742. [PMID: 38984862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Teleost IgM+ B cells can phagocytose, like mammalian B1 cells, and secrete Ag-specific IgM, like mammalian B2 cells. Therefore, teleost IgM+ B cells may have the functions of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells. To support this view, we initially found that grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) IgM+ plasma cells (PCs) exhibit robust phagocytic ability, akin to IgM+ naive B cells. Subsequently, we sorted grass carp IgM+ PCs into two subpopulations: nonphagocytic (Pha-IgM+ PCs) and phagocytic IgM+ PCs (Pha+IgM+ PCs), both of which demonstrated the capacity to secrete natural IgM with LPS and peptidoglycan binding capacity. Remarkably, following immunization of grass carp with an Ag, we observed that both Pha-IgM+ PCs and Pha+IgM+ PCs could secrete Ag-specific IgM. Furthermore, in vitro concatenated phagocytosis experiments in which Pha-IgM+ PCs from an initial phagocytosis experiment were sorted and exposed again to beads confirmed that these cells also have phagocytic capabilities, thereby suggesting that all teleost IgM+ B cells have phagocytic potential. Additionally, we found that grass carp IgM+ PCs display classical phenotypic features of macrophages, providing support for the hypothesis that vertebrate B cells evolved from ancient phagocytes. These findings together reveal that teleost B cells are a primitive B cell type with functions reminiscent of both mammalian B1 and B2 cells, providing insights into the origin and evolution of B cells in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Han
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zi-You Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Science and Medicine, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, MI
| | - Jian-Min Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA), National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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3
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Ge X, Zhu S, Yang H, Wang X, Li J, Liu S, Xing R, Li P, Li K. Impact of O-acetylation on chitin oligosaccharides modulating inflammatory responses in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and mice. Carbohydr Res 2024; 542:109177. [PMID: 38880715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Chitin oligosaccharides have garnered significant attention due to their biological activities, particularly their immunomodulatory properties. However, O-acetylation in chemically preparing chitin oligosaccharides seems inevitable and leads to some uncertainty on the bioactivity of chitin oligosaccharides. In this study, an O-acetyl-free chitin oligosaccharides and three different O-acetylated chitin oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization ranging from 2 to 6 were prepared using ammonia hydrolysis, and their structures and detailed components were further characterized with FTIR, NMR and MS. Subsequently, the effects of O-acetylation on the immunomodulatory activity of chitin oligosaccharides were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results suggested that the chitin oligosaccharides with O-acetylation exhibited better inflammatory inhibition than pure chitin oligosaccharides, significantly reducing the expression of inflammatory factors, such as IL-6 and iNOS, in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage. The chitin oligosaccharides with a degree of O-acetylation of 93 % was found to effectively alleviate LPS-induced endotoxemia in mice, including serum inflammation indices reduction and damage repairment of the intestinal liver, and kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Ge
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haoyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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4
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Yang L, Wu Z, Ma TY, Zeng H, Chen M, Zhang YA, Zhou Y. Identification of ClpB, a molecular chaperone involved in the stress tolerance and virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae. Vet Res 2024; 55:60. [PMID: 38750480 PMCID: PMC11094935 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial ClpB is an ATP-dependent disaggregate that belongs to the Hsp100/Clp family and facilitates bacterial survival under hostile environmental conditions. Streptococcus agalactiae, which is regarded as the major bacterial pathogen of farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), is known to cause high mortality and large economic losses. Here, we report a ClpB homologue of S. agalactiae and explore its functionality. S. agalactiae with a clpB deletion mutant (∆clpB) exhibited defective tolerance against heat and acidic stress, without affecting growth or morphology under optimal conditions. Moreover, the ΔclpB mutant exhibited reduced intracellular survival in RAW264.7 cells, diminished adherence to the brain cells of tilapia, increased sensitivity to leukocytes from the head kidney of tilapia and whole blood killing, and reduced mortality and bacterial loads in a tilapia infection assay. Furthermore, the reduced virulence of the ∆clpB mutant was investigated by transcriptome analysis, which revealed that deletion of clpB altered the expression levels of multiple genes that contribute to the stress response as well as certain metabolic pathways. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that ClpB, a molecular chaperone, plays critical roles in heat and acid stress resistance and virulence in S. agalactiae. This finding provides an enhanced understanding of the functionality of this ClpB homologue in gram-positive bacteria and the survival strategy of S. agalactiae against immune clearance during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Tian-Yu Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ming Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture,, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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5
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Shi Y, Zhu Z, Chen Q, Chen X. DNA methylation regulates B cell activation via repressing Pax5 expression in teleost. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363426. [PMID: 38404580 PMCID: PMC10884147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the transcription factor Pax5 is a key regulator of B cell development and maturation and specifically expressed in naive/mature B cells but repressed upon B cell activation. Despite the long-standing proposal that Pax5 repression is essential for proper B cell activation, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. In this study, we used a teleost model to elucidate the mechanisms governing Pax5 repression during B cell activation. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) significantly enhanced the antibody secreting ability and phagocytic capacity of IgM+ B cells in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), coinciding with upregulated expression of activation-related genes, such as Bcl6, Blimp1, and sIgM, and downregulated expression of Pax5. Intriguingly, two CpG islands were identified within the promoter region of Pax5. Both CpG islands exhibited hypomethylation in naive/mature B cells, while CpG island1 was specifically transited into hypermethylation upon B cell activation. Furthermore, treatment with DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA) prevented the hypermethylation of CpG island1, and concomitantly impaired the downregulation of Pax5 and activation of B cells. Finally, through in vitro methylation experiments, we demonstrated that DNA methylation exerts an inhibitory effect on promoter activities of Pax5. Taken together, our findings unveil a novel mechanism underlying Pax5 repression during B cell activation, thus promoting the understanding of B cell activation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
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Yu J, Kong W, Wang X, Cai C, Cheng G, Ding G, Xu Z. Mucosal immune responses of gut IgM in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) following infection with spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109326. [PMID: 38134976 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) specifically recognizes various antigens and can activate complement, mediate cytotoxicity, opsonize and agglutinate pathogens to induce phagocytosis, all of which play an important role in immunity. However, the IgM response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the intestinal mucosa after viral infection has not been thoroughly. Therefore, we successfully produced an anti-carp IgM monoclonal antibody and developed a model of viral infection to study the kinetics of immune responses after viral infection. Our results showed that the expression of IL1-β and Igs were dramatically increased, implying that common carp exhibited a significant innate and adaptive immune response to viral infection. Furthermore, we found that the IgM responses varied between the two infection strategies. At 14 days post-infection (DPI), a significant population of IgM+ B cells were observed in the gut, accompanied by a sharp rise in IgM levels. The immune response to secondary infection started at 7 DPI, suggesting that the IgM response is faster in the gut after re-infection. Importantly, we also explored the variability of different gut compartments to viral infection, and result revealed a stronger immune response in the hindgut than in the foregut and midgut. Overall, our findings indicate that IgM plays an important role in the intestinal immune response following primary and secondary viral infection, in which the hindgut plays a major immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian Yu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xinyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gaofeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - GuangYi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Lu CL, Wangkahart E, Huang JW, Huang YX, Huang Y, Cai J, Jian JC, Wang B. Immune response and protective efficacy of Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine coated with chitosan oligosaccharide for different immunization strategy in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 145:109353. [PMID: 38184180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, the outbreak of Streptococcus agalactiae has caused significant economic losses in tilapia farming. Vaccine immunization methods and strategies have gradually evolved from single-mode to multi-mode overall prevention and control strategies. In this study, an inactivated vaccine of S. agalactiae with a chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) adjuvant was constructed using different administration methods: intraperitoneal injection (Ip), immersion combined with intraperitoneal injection (Im + Ip), immersion combined with oral administration (Im + Or), and oral administration (Or). Safety analysis revealed no adverse effects on tilapia, and the vaccine significantly promoted fish growth and development when administered through Im + Or or Or immunization. Following vaccination, innate immunity parameters including SOD, ACP and CAT activities were all significantly enhanced. Additionally, specific serum IgM antibodies reached their highest level at the 6th week post vaccination. Skin and intestinal mucus IgT antibodies reached peaked at the 6th and 7th week post vaccination, respectively. The relative peak expression values for IL-8, IL-12, MHC-I, MHC-II, IgM, IgT, CD4, CD8, TNFα, IFNγ from Im + Ip group were significantly higher than those in Ip group, Im + Or group and Or group in most cases (p < 0.05). Importantly, the relative protection survival of Im + Ip group was the highest (78.6%), followed by the Ip group (71.4%), the Or group (64.3%) and the Im + Or group (57.1%). In summary, this study encourages further research on multi-channel immunization strategies of other kinds of vaccines in other aquatic economic animals to improve their disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Lu
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Eakapol Wangkahart
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Jun-Wei Huang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Yong-Xiong Huang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Ji-Chang Jian
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- Guangdong Ocean University, College of Fishery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, PR China.
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8
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Xie Q, Cui D, Zhu Q, Qin X, Ren D, Xu X. Supplementing maternal diet with milk oligosaccharides and probiotics helps develop the immune system and intestinal flora of offsprings. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6868-6877. [PMID: 37970377 PMCID: PMC10630837 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal flora is very important for improving the development of the immune system in newborns. Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation is one of the key factors affecting the growth and development of offspring. The objective of the present study was to examine whether supplementation of maternal diet with milk oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium could influence the development of the intestinal flora and immune system of neonatal mice. In total, 30 pregnant Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into six groups: a control group (basal diet) and five intervention groups (basal diet supplemented with different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose [2'-FL] and Bifidobacterium Bb12) during the pregnancy period. All female mice were monitored for physical health during gavage. After delivery, the number of mice in each litter, any deformity, and the development of the offspring were recorded. The spleen, blood, and fecal samples of six groups of 10-12 day-old offspring were collected. The results demonstrated that maternal milk oligosaccharides and probiotics conferred protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immunosuppression in mice offspring by significantly enhancing the immune organ indexes, splenocyte proliferation, immunoglobulin (immunoglobulin G, A, M) production as well as improving the macrophage phagocytosis (p < .05). The abundance of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in the feces of offspring mice in the intervention groups was significantly higher than that of the offspring mice in the control group (p < .05). These findings suggest that the combination of 2'-FL and Bifidobacterium Bb12 displayed synergistic interactions between the two components that could promote the development of the immune system of the offsprings and improve their microbiota through maternal ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Xie
- College of Food ScienceNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
| | | | - Qinchao Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xuewen Qin
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxi Xu
- College of Food ScienceNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinChina
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Kang K, Deng X, Xie W, Chen J, Lin H, Chen Z. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ZTHY2 Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3376. [PMID: 37958131 PMCID: PMC10648412 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (R. mucilaginosa) can enhance the immune and antioxidant function of the body. However, whether R. mucilaginosa has an immunoregulatory effect on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed animals remains to be clarified. In this study, the R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 that we isolated from the coastal waters of the South China Sea previously was prepared in order to investigate its immunoprotective effect on CTX-induced immunosuppression in mice, and the effects were compared to those of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) (a well-known probiotic). Seventy-two male SPF mice were divided into six groups: The C group (control); IM group (immunosuppressive model group) (+CTX); Rl, Rm, and Rh groups (+CTX+low, medium, and high concentration of R. mucilaginosa, respectively); and PC (positive control) group (+CTX+LA). After a 28-day feeding trial, blood samples were taken for biochemical and serum immunological analysis, and the thymus and spleen were collected to analyze the organ index, lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, and antioxidant capacity. The findings showed that R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 improved the spleen and thymus indices, effectively attenuated immune organ atrophy caused by CTX, and enhanced the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes induced by ConA and LPS. R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 promoted the secretion of cytokines and immunoglobulins and significantly increased the contents of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgA, IgG, IgM, CD4, CD8, CD19, and CD20 in serum. The proportion of CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and CD20+ lymphocytes in spleen, thymus, and mesenteric lymph nodes were increased. In addition, R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels. Our results indicated that R. mucilaginosa ZTHY2 can significantly enhance the immune function of immunosuppressed mice, and improving antioxidant capacity thus attenuates CTX-induced immunosuppression and immune organ atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Weitian Xie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Jinjun Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongying Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhibao Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (K.K.); (X.D.); (W.X.); (J.C.); (H.L.)
- South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Mu R, Dong L, Wang C. Carbohydrates as putative pattern recognition receptor agonists in vaccine development. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:845-857. [PMID: 37684173 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvants are essential components of modern vaccines. One general mechanism underlying their immunostimulatory functions is the activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of innate immune cells. Carbohydrates - as essential signaling molecules on microbial surfaces - are potent PRR agonists and candidate materials for adjuvant design. Here, we summarize the latest trends in developing carbohydrate-containing adjuvants, with fresh opinions on how the physicochemical characteristics of the glycans (e.g., molecular size, assembly status, monosaccharide components, and functional group patterns) affect their adjuvant activities in aiding antigen transport, regulating antigen processing, and enhancing adaptive immune responses. From a translational perspective, we also discuss potential technologies for solving long-lasting challenges in carbohydrate adjuvant design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Mu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
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11
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Pan YR, Wu CS, Zhong YQ, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. An Atlas of Grass Carp IgM+ B Cells in Homeostasis and Bacterial Infection Helps to Reveal the Unique Heterogeneity of B Cells in Early Vertebrates. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:964-980. [PMID: 37578390 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Teleost B cells are primitive lymphocytes with both innate and adaptive immune functions. However, the heterogeneity and differentiation trajectory of teleost B cells remain largely unknown. In this study, the landscape of grass carp IgM+ (gcIgM+) B cells was revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. The results showed that gcIgM+ B cells mainly comprise six populations: (im)mature B cells, innate B cells, proliferating B cells, plasma cells, CD22+ cells, and CD34+ cells, among which innate B cells and proliferating B cells were uncommon B cell subsets with, to our knowledge, new characteristics. Remarkably, three functional IgMs were discovered in grass carp, and a significant percentage of gcIgM+ B cells, especially plasma cells, expressed multiple Igμ genes (Igμ1, Igμ2, and/or Igμ3). More importantly, through single-cell sorting combined with Sanger sequencing, we found that distinct VHDJH recombination patterns of Igμ genes were present in single IgM+ B cells, indicating that individual teleost B cells might produce multiple Abs by coexpressing rearranged IgM subclass genes. Moreover, the percentage of IgM1highIgM2highIgM3high plasma cells increased significantly after bacterial infection, suggesting that individual plasma cells might tend to produce multiple IgMs to resist the infection in teleost fish. In summary, to our knowledge, this study not only helps to uncover the unique heterogeneity of B cells in early vertebrates but also provided significant new evidence supporting the recently proposed "one cell-multiple Abs" paradigm, challenging the classical rule of "one cell-one Ab."
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Song Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China
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Ouyang A, Zhang M, Yuan G, Liu X, Su J. Chitooligosaccharide boosts the immunity of immunosuppressed blunt snout bream against bacterial infections. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124696. [PMID: 37224898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The immunosuppression hazard of fish brought by intensive aquaculture needs to be addressed urgently, while chitooligosaccharide (COS) shows the potential application in the prevention the immunosuppression of fish due to its superior biological properties. In this study, COS reversed the cortisol-induced immunosuppression of macrophages and improved the immune activity of macrophages in vitro, promoting the expression of inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS) and NO production, and increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophages. In vivo, the oral COS was absorbed directly through the intestine, significantly ameliorating the innate immunity of cortisol-induced immunosuppression of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Such as facilitated the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and pattern recognition receptors (TLR4, MR) and potentiated bacterial clearance, resulting in an effective improvement in survival and tissue damage. Altogether, this study demonstrates that COS offers potential strategies in the application of immunosuppression prevention and control in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aotian Ouyang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430070, China
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13
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Li X, Ye H, Su T, Hu C, Huang Y, Fu X, Zhong Z, Du X, Zheng Y. Immunity and reproduction protective effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharides in Cyclophosphamide/Busulfan-induced premature ovarian failure model mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1185921. [PMID: 37228612 PMCID: PMC10203494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a major cause of infertility among women of reproductive age. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment available currently. Researchers have shown that immune disorders play a significant role in the development of POF. Moreover, growing evidence suggest that Chitosan Oligosaccharides (COS), which act as critical immunomodulators, may have a key role in preventing and treating a range of immune related reproductive diseases. Methods KM mice (6-8 weeks) received a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CY, 120mg/kg) and busulfan (BUS, 30mg/kg) to establish POF model. After completing the COS pre-treatment or post-treatment procedures, peritoneal resident macrophages (PRMs) were collected for neutral erythrophagocytosis assay to detect phagocytic activity. The thymus, spleen and ovary tissues were collected and weighed to calculate the organ indexes. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the histopathologic structure of those organs. The serum levels of estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of immune factors including interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as germ cell markers Mouse Vasa Homologue (MVH) and Fragilis in ovarian tissue, were analyzed by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. In addition, ovarian cell senescence via p53/p21/p16 signaling was also detected. Results The phagocytic function of PRMs and the structural integrity of thymus and spleen were preserved by COS treatment. The levels of certain immune factors in the ovaries of CY/BUS- induced POF mice were found to be altered, manifested as IL-2 and TNF-α experiencing a significant decline, and IL-4 presenting a notable increase. Both pre-treatment and post-treatment with COS were shown to be protective effects against the damage to ovarian structure caused by CY/BUS. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining results showed that COS prevents CY/BUS-induced ovarian cell senescence. Additionally, COS regulated estrogen and progesterone levels, enhanced follicular development, and blocked ovarian cellular p53/p21/p16 signaling which participating in cell senescence. Conclusion COS is a potent preventative and therapeutic medicine for premature ovarian failure by enhancing both the ovarian local and systemic immune response as well as inhibiting germ cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Biobank center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine (IRBM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tie Su
- Department of Pathology, Yingtan People’s Hospital, Yingtan, China
| | - Chuan Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaoqi Huang
- Reproductive Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinxin Fu
- National Demonstration Center for Clinical Teaching & Training, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhong
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuelian Du
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuehui Zheng
- Reproductive Health Department, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Song YL, Yao YY, Liu X, Tian TT, Ye JM, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Preparation of the monoclonal antibody against Nile tilapia Igλ and study on the Igλ + B cell subset in Nile tilapia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108705. [PMID: 36958505 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are important effector molecules that mediate humoral immunity. A typical Ig consists of two heavy and two light chains. In teleosts, three Ig heavy chain isotypes (Igμ, Igδ and Igτ) and three Ig light chain isotypes (Igκ, Igλ and Igσ) have been identified. Compared to the heavy chains, teleost Ig light chains have been poorly studied due to the lack of antibodies. In this study, a mouse anti-Nile tilapia Igλ monoclonal antibody (mAb) was prepared, which could specifically recognize Igλ in serum and Igλ+ B cells in tissues. Further, the composition of IgM+ and Igλ+ B cell subsets was analyzed using this antibody and a mouse anti-tilapia IgM heavy chain mAb. The ratio of IgM+Igλ+ B cells to total IgM+ B cells in head kidney and peripheral blood was about 30%, while that in spleen was about 50%; the ratio of IgM-Igλ+ B cells to total Igλ+ B cells in head kidney and peripheral blood was about 45%, while that in spleen was about 25%. The IgM-Igλ+ B cells was speculated to be IgT+ B cells. Finally, we detected an increase in the level of specific antibodies against the surface antigen-Sip of Streptococcus agalactiae in serum after S. agalactiae infection, indicating that mouse anti-tilapia Igλ mAb can be used to detect the antibody level after immunization of Nile tilapia, which lays a foundation for the evaluation of immunization effect of tilapia vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian-Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Ye
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Environmentally-Friendly Aquaculture, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Wu J, Yang W, Song R, Li Z, Jia X, Zhang H, Zhang P, Xue X, Li S, Xie Y, Zhang R, Ye J, Zhou Z, Wu C. Dietary Soybean Lecithin Improves Growth, Immunity, Antioxidant Capability and Intestinal Barrier Functions in Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides Juveniles. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040512. [PMID: 37110170 PMCID: PMC10145076 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary soybean lecithin (SBL) on the growth, haematological indices, immunities, antioxidant capabilities, and inflammatory and intestinal barrier functions because little information of dietary SBL could be obtained in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The fish were fed identical diets except for SBL added at 0, 2, 4 and 8%. It was found that 4 and 8% SBL significantly increased fish weight gain and daily growth rate (p < 0.05), while 4% SBL was optimal for enhancing RBC, HGB, PLT, MCV, MCH, WBC and MON in blood, and ALB and ALP in serum (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) also significantly elevated the antioxidant enzymes activities of T-SOD, CAT, GR, GPx, GST and T-AOC and GSH contents; increased mRNA transcription levels of Nrf2, Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, GR, GST3 and GPx3; and decreased MDA contents. Keap1a and Keap1b levels were markedly down-regulated (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) significantly enhanced levels of the immune factors (ACP, LZM and C3) and the mRNA expression levels of innate immune-related genes (C3, C4, CFD, HEPC and MHC-I) compared with the control groups (0%) (p < 0.05). SBL (4%) significantly increased IgM and T-NOS in the intestine (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-1β and IFN-γ and increased TGF-β1 at both transcription and protein levels in the liver and intestine (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of MAPK13, MAPK14 and NF-κB P65 were significantly decreased in the intestine in the 4% SBL groups (p < 0.05). Histological sections also demonstrated that 4% SBL protected intestinal morphological structures compared with controls. This included increased intestinal villus height and muscular thickness (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the intestinal epithelial cell tight junction proteins (TJs) (ZO-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, claudin-5, claudin-23 and claudin-34) and mucin-5AC were significantly up-regulated in the 4% SBL groups compared with the controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that 4% dietary SBL could not only improve growth, haematological indices, antioxidant capabilities, immune responses and intestinal functions, but also alleviate inflammatory responses, thereby providing reference information for the feed formulations in cultured largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Wenxue Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Rui Song
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhe Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xiaowei Jia
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xinyu Xue
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Rongfei Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Jinyun Ye
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhijin Zhou
- Huzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Development Center, 768 Luwang Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Chenglong Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China
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Lu TZ, Liu X, Wu CS, Ma ZY, Wang Y, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Molecular and Functional Analyses of the Primordial Costimulatory Molecule CD80/86 and Its Receptors CD28 and CD152 (CTLA-4) in a Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2022; 13:885005. [PMID: 35784316 PMCID: PMC9245511 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.885005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The moderate activation of T cells in mammals requires the costimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86, on antigen-presenting cells to interact with their respective T cell receptors, CD28 and CD152 (CTLA-4), to promote costimulatory signals. In contrast, teleost fish (except salmonids) only possess CD80/86 as their sole primordial costimulatory molecule. However, the mechanism, which underlies the interaction between CD80/86 and its receptors CD28 and CD152 still requires elucidation. In this study, we cloned and identified the CD80/86, CD28, and CD152 genes of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The mRNA expression analysis showed that CD80/86, CD28, and CD152 were constitutively expressed in various tissues. Further analysis revealed that CD80/86 was highly expressed in IgM+ B cells. Conversely, CD28 and CD152 were highly expressed in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Subcellular localization illustrated that CD80/86, CD28, and CD152 are all located on the cell membrane. A yeast two-hybrid assay exhibited that CD80/86 can bind with both CD28 and CD152. In vivo assay showed that the expression of CD80/86 was rapidly upregulated in Aeromonas hydrophila infected fish compared to the control fish. However, the expression of CD28 and CD152 presented the inverse trend, suggesting that teleost fish may regulate T cell activation through the differential expression of CD28 and CD152. Importantly, we discovered that T cells were more likely to be activated by A. hydrophila after CD152 was blocked by anti-CD152 antibodies. This suggests that the teleost CD152 is an inhibitory receptor of T cell activation, which is similar to the mammalian CD152. Overall, this study begins to define the interaction feature between primordial CD80/86 and its receptors CD28 and CD152 in teleost fish, alongside providing a cross-species understanding of the evolution of the costimulatory signals throughout vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Zhen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zi-You Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-An Zhang, ; Xu-Jie Zhang,
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-An Zhang, ; Xu-Jie Zhang,
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Ma ZY, Liang JX, Li WS, Sun Y, Wu CS, Hu YZ, Li J, Zhang YA, Zhang XJ. Complement C3a Enhances the Phagocytic Activity of B Cells Through C3aR in a Fish. Front Immunol 2022; 13:873982. [PMID: 35386704 PMCID: PMC8977587 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.873982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is an important part of the immune system of teleost fish. Besides, teleost B cells possess both phagocytic activity and adaptive humoral immune function, unlike mammalian B1 cells with phagocytic activity and B2 cells specific to adaptive humoral immunity. However, the cross talk between complement system and phagocytic B cells in teleost fish still requires elucidation. Here, we show that, unlike tetrapods with a single C3 gene, nine C3 genes were identified from the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) genome, named C3.1-C3.9. Expression analysis revealed that C3.1 is the dominant C3 molecule in grass carp, for its expression was significantly higher than that of the other C3 molecules both at the mRNA and protein levels. The C3a fragment of C3.1 (C3a.1) was determined after the conserved C3 convertase cleavage site. Structural analysis revealed that C3a.1 consists of four α-helixes, with the C-terminal region forming a long α-helix, which is the potential functional region. Interestingly, we found that the recombinant GST-C3a.1 protein and the C-terminal α-helix peptide of C3a.1 both could significantly enhance the phagocytic activity of IgM+ B cells. Further study revealed that the C3a receptor (C3aR) was highly expressed in grass carp IgM+ B cells, and the phagocytosis-stimulating activity of C3a.1 could be dramatically inhibited by the anti-C3aR antibodies, indicating that C3a.1 performed the stimulating function through C3aR on IgM+ B cells. Taken together, our study not only uncovered the novel phagocytosis-stimulating activity of C3a, but also increased our knowledge of the cross talk between complement system and phagocytic B cells in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-You Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Zhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie MI, United States
| | - Yong-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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