1
|
Makiabadi E, Nasrollahzadeh J, Nakhaeizadeh R, Shahparvari MR, Roohelhami E. Effects of Perioperative Zinc Supplementation on Copper Circulating Levels and Expression of Metallothionein and Copper Antioxidant Chaperone-1 in Leukocytes in Patients Undergoing CABG Surgery. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04259-5. [PMID: 38865064 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04259-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The use of zinc supplement may have a negative effect on copper status. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc and vitamin E supplementation on copper and zinc biomarkers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The study was an add-on project to a previously published randomized controlled trial (NCT05402826) on patients undergoing CABG surgery. Patients in the zinc-vitamin E group (n = 40) received oral zinc (120 mg) and vitamin E (1200 international units) 1 day before surgery, followed by 30 mg of zinc and 200 units of vitamin E per day until 21 days after surgery, while those in the control group (n = 38) received placebo. Plasma levels of copper, ceruloplasmin, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as leukocyte gene expression of metallothionein 2A (MT2A) and antioxidant protein 1 (ATOX1), were determined 3 and 21 days after surgery. The plasma copper level in the zinc-vitamin E group was significantly lower than the placebo group on the 3rd postoperative day, but no significant between-group differences were observed on day 21. Plasma ceruloplasmin concentration and SOD activity were not different. Relative mRNA expression of leukocyte MT2A was increased at both times (days 3 and 21 in the zinc-vitamin E group compared to placebo, but ATOX1 expression was not affected. Although the plasma copper level was transiently decreased early after surgery in the zinc-vitamin E group, considering the lack of change in other copper biomarkers, it seems that the use of zinc supplements at the dose used in the present study does not have a significant negative effect on the role of intracellular copper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Makiabadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Nasrollahzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Nakhaeizadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Shahparvari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Roohelhami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Willekes H, Parker J, Neill J, Augustin G, Fanning J, Spurlock D, Murphy E, Leung S, Boeve T, Leacche M, Willekes C, Timek T. Efficacy of del Nido cardioplegia in adult cardiac procedures with prolonged aortic crossclamp time. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 167:996-1007.e4. [PMID: 35660325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Equivalent myocardial protection and clinical outcomes have been shown with the use of del Nido cardioplegia (DC) compared with blood cardioplegia (BC) in adult isolated coronary artery bypass grafting and valve patients. However, its safety and efficacy in cardiac procedures with aortic crossclamp times >90 minutes is still unknown. METHODS From May 2014 to September 2019, 2506 adult patients at our center underwent cardiac surgery requiring prolonged aortic crossclamp time defined as 90 minutes or longer. Myocardial protection was achieved with BC in 1955 patients and DC in 551 patients. Two surgeons used DC exclusively and 5 used blood exclusively over the study period. BC was delivered anterograde and retrograde whereas DC was delivered anterograde only. Propensity score matching of several preoperative characteristics, including primary cardiac pathology, yielded 526 well matched pairs. Emergency and reoperative cases were included. Troponin T levels were drawn at 12 hours postoperative in all patients. Clinical data were extracted from our local Society of Thoracic Surgeons database. Subgroup analyses were performed on the basis of crossclamp time stratification. RESULTS For the propensity score-matched cohort, the median crossclamp time was longer in the BC compared with the DC group (114 [interquartile range (IQR), 100-145] minutes for DC vs 153 [IQR, 122-200] minutes for BC; P < .0001) whereas intraoperative peak glucose was higher with BC (173 [IQR, 147-200] g/dL for DC vs 197 [IQR, 171-228] g/dL for BC; P < .001). In addition, perioperative mortality (3.4% vs 3.0%; P = .7273), stroke (3.2% vs 2.1%; P = .2504), renal failure (6.5% vs 4.6%; P = .1767), atrial fibrillation (34% vs 31.4%, P = .3575), intra-aortic balloon pump use (5.3% vs 4.6%, P = .5694), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use (3.0% vs 2.9%, P = .8596) did not differ between DC and BC. Postoperative troponin T levels were 0.53 (IQR, 0.30-0.96) ng/mL and 0.62 (IQR, 0.38-1.07) ng/mL for DC and BC, respectively (P = .0024). Subgroup analysis revealed higher troponin T levels with DC for crossclamp times between 150 and 180 minutes. Survival rates at 1, 2, and 5 years were 93.3%, 91.1%, and 78.7% for DC and 94.5%, 91.8%, and 81.5% for BC, respectively (P = .5140). CONCLUSIONS In adult cardiac surgical procedures with aortic crossclamp times >90 minutes, comparable myocardial protection, perioperative mortality and morbidity, and distant survival were observed with the use of DC compared with BC. Higher troponin levels were seen in DC patients with crossclamp times between 150 and 180 minutes, but this was not associated with increased mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holliann Willekes
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | | | - Jere Neill
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Gabriel Augustin
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Justin Fanning
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - David Spurlock
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Edward Murphy
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Stephane Leung
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Theodore Boeve
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Marzia Leacche
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Charles Willekes
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Tomasz Timek
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Mich.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Makiabadi E, Nakhaeizadeh R, Soleimani M, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effects of perioperative vitamin E and zinc co-supplementation on systemic inflammation and length of stay following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:120-127. [PMID: 37891226 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has been reported to be associated with lower postoperative plasma antioxidant and zinc levels. We hypothesized that perioperative supplementation of vitamin E and zinc might improve short-term postoperative outcomes. METHODS In this placebo-controlled double-blind, randomized study, patients undergoing CABG performed with cardiopulmonary bypass were recruited. The intervention group received zinc and vitamin E supplementation (1200 IU vitamin E and 120 mg elemental zinc) the day before surgery, followed by postoperative daily supplementation of 30 mg zinc and 200 IU vitamin E from the 2nd day after surgery to 3 weeks. The control group received placebos. Length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit and hospital, sequential organ failure assessment score on 3rd day after surgery, and plasma inflammatory markers on days 3 and 21 post-surgery were evaluated. RESULTS Seventy-eight patients completed the study (40 in the intervention group and 38 in the placebo group). The hospital LOS was significantly shorter (p < 0.05) in the intervention group. Postoperative changes in plasma albumin levels were not different between the two groups. The plasma zinc level was higher (p < 0.0001), but plasma C-reactive protein (p = 0.01), pentraxin 3 (p < 0.0001), interferon γ (p < 0.05), malondialdehyde (p < 0.05), and aspartate aminotransferase (p < 0.01) were lower in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative vitamin E and zinc supplementation significantly reduced hospital LOS and the inflammatory response in CABG surgery patients. In these patients, the optimal combination and dose of micronutrients need further study but could include zinc and vitamin E. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov website (NCT05402826).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Makiabadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd., Qods Town, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Nakhaeizadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soleimani
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Javad Nasrollahzadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd., Qods Town, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sajja LR, Mannam G, Kamtam DN, Dandu SR, Pathuri S, Saikiran KVSS, Nagalla B, Sompalli S, Ghanta S. Del Nido cardioplegia versus blood cardioplegia in coronary artery bypass grafting. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:33-41. [PMID: 38125324 PMCID: PMC10728381 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The del Nido cardioplegia (DC) has been extensively used in congenital heart surgery for over two decades and is becoming popular in adult cardiac surgery. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of DC, compared to conventional blood cardioplegia (BC), in adult patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods This metachronous study included a total of 2330 consecutive patients who underwent isolated CABG. The study population was divided into two groups: BC group, consisting of 1165 patients (May 2012 through December 2015); and DC (del Nido) cardioplegia group consisting of 1165 patients (January 2016 through June 2018). Propensity matching yielded 735 well-matched pairs. The propensity-matched cohorts of BC and DC were compared in terms of myocardial function outcomes and other clinical outcomes to determine the efficacy and safety of both the cardioplegic solutions. Results There was no difference in 30-day mortality [odds ratio (OR), 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16-3.35, p = 0.70]. There was a significant decrease in the DC group in the postoperative events, including re-exploration rates [OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.118-0.568, p < 0.001], myocardial infarction [OR, 0.282; 95% CI, 0.133-0.596, p < 0.001], left ventricular dysfunction [OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.396-0.916, p = 0.018], and acute kidney injury (AKI) [OR, 0.255; 95% CI, 0.156-0.418, p < 0.001]. The rate of spontaneous return to sinus rhythm was significantly higher in the DC group [OR, 5.162; 95% CI, 3.701-7.198, p < 0.001]. Cardiopulmonary bypass time (95.2 ± 29.1 min vs. 82.1 ± 28.8 min, p < 0.001) and aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time (57.3 ± 19 min vs. 48.7 ± 19.0 min, p < 0.001) were higher in the DC group, but the absolute difference in ACC time was only 8 min. There was no difference in AKI requiring renal replacement therapy [OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.203-1.912, p = 0.40], postoperative cerebrovascular accidents [OR, 0.398; 95% CI, 0.077-2.059, p = 0.073], and postoperative ventricular arrhythmias [OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.456-1.916, p = 0.47]. Conclusion This study revealed comparable clinical outcomes and effective myocardial protection with DC, compared to BC in patients undergoing isolated CABG. In addition, DC demonstrated the ease of administration with the feasibility of single-dose administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lokeswara Rao Sajja
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 Telangana India
- Division of Clinical Research in Cardiovascular Medicine/Surgery, Sajja Heart Foundation, Srinagar Colony, Hyderabad, 500073 India
| | - Gopichand Mannam
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 Telangana India
| | - Devanish Narasimhasanth Kamtam
- Division of Clinical Research in Cardiovascular Medicine/Surgery, Sajja Heart Foundation, Srinagar Colony, Hyderabad, 500073 India
| | - SatyaBhaskara Raju Dandu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 Telangana India
| | - Satyendranath Pathuri
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 Telangana India
| | | | - Balakrishna Nagalla
- Division of Statistics, Sajja Heart Foundation, Srinagar Colony, Hyderabad, 500073 India
| | - Sriramulu Sompalli
- Division of Anesthesiology, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 India
| | - Satyanarayana Ghanta
- Department of Perfusion Technology, Star Hospitals, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034 India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Makwana P, Hungund SP, Pradeep ANR. Dipteran endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis utilizes antihemocyte components against host defense of silkworm Bombyx mori. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21976. [PMID: 36205611 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dipteran endoparasitoids avoid host immune response; however, antidefense components from the Dipterans are unknown. Infestation of commercial silkworm Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) by endoparasitoid Exorista bombycis Louis (Diptera: Tachinidae) induced immune reactions, cytotoxicity, granulation, degranulation, and augmented release of cytotoxic marker enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and degranulation-mediator enzyme β-hexosaminidase in hemocytes. In this study, by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography, fractions of E. bombycis larval tissue protein with antihemocytic activity are separated. From the fraction, peptides of hemocyte aggregation inhibitor protein (HAIP) and pyridoxamine phosphate oxidase (PNPO) are identified by mass spectrometry. Interacting partners of HAIP and PNPO are retrieved that further enhance the virulence of the parasitoid. PNPO and HAIP genes showed a four- to seven fold increase in expression in the integument of the parasitoid larva. Together, the dipteran endoparasitoid E. bombycis exploit antihemocyte activity to inhibit host defense reactions in addition to defense evasion contemplated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Makwana
- Seribiotech Research Laboratory, CSB-Kodathi Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Biotechnology Division, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Berhampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Shambhavi P Hungund
- Seribiotech Research Laboratory, CSB-Kodathi Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Appukuttan Nair R Pradeep
- Seribiotech Research Laboratory, CSB-Kodathi Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Biotechnology Division, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, Berhampore, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Planinc M, Jovanović IN, Rašić D, Peraica M, Sutlić Ž. Resveratrol as antioxidant in cardiac surgery: is there potential for clinical application? Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:256-259. [PMID: 36607724 PMCID: PMC9985349 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is an essential technique in cardiac surgery but is also associated with adverse effects, including the systemic inflammatory response syndrome that manifests itself as ischaemia-reperfusion injury and multi-organ dysfunction. The aim of this mini review is to take a look at the current knowledge of resveratrol, a stilbenoid and natural antioxidant believed to have many cardioprotective effects including vasodilation, lowering of blood pressure and reactive oxygen species levels, suppression of low-density lipoprotein peroxidation, and mitigation of ischaemia/-reperfusion injury. We mostly focus on its cardioprotective potential in patients undergoing cardiac surgery supported by CPB. Current findings, however, are still inconclusive and call for further research, including clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mislav Planinc
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Department of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Novak Jovanović
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Toxicology Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Rašić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Toxicology Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Peraica
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Toxicology Unit, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Sutlić
- University Hospital Dubrava, Department of Cardiac and Transplant Surgery, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lim CO, Park HJ, Koo BM, Kim BT, Kim JG, Choi GW. Analysis of correlation between the consumption of beverages and the risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis in Korean people: A cross-sectional study using the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1, 2). Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30105. [PMID: 36123942 PMCID: PMC9478304 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes were to analyze correlations between the frequency of beverage drinking (coffee, green tea, milk, and soft drinks) and the presence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in relation to sex. We performed this study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KHANES V-1, 2). We examined data from 5503 subjects after exclusion. We utilized the food frequency questionnaires from KHANES, and reorganized them into 2 or 3 groups according to the frequency of beverage consumption. We analyzed the relationship between radiographic knee OA and beverage consumption statistically after adjusting confounding factors with multivariable logistic regression analysis. Knee OA was inversely associated with coffee consumption only in women (P < .05). The odds ratio of knee OA was lower in those who drank at least a cup of coffee than in those who did not drink coffee in women (P for trend < .05). However, there was no significant linear trend of the odds ratio of each group in both sexes for drinking other beverages. As the coffee consumption increased, the radiographic knee OA group showed decreasing linear trend only in women. However, other beverages did not show a significant relation to the radiographic knee OA in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chae Ouk Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Bong Mo Koo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Bo Taek Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Gyoon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Gyoon Kim, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-si, Gyeongki-do 425-707, South Korea (e-mail: )
| | - Gi Won Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anwar M, Azam F, Alenezi S, Mahmood D, Imam F, Alharbi K. Nigella sativa oil alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and neurobehavioral changes in mice: In vivo and in-silico study. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.350179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
9
|
Steatitis in Cold-Stunned Kemp's Ridley Sea Turtles ( Lepidochelys kempii). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030898. [PMID: 33801097 PMCID: PMC8004043 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of steatitis that infrequently occurs in cold-stunned Kemp's ridley sea turtles (KRT; Lepidochelys kempii) has been undetermined. The objectives of this study were to investigate the clinical (n = 23) and histologic findings (n = 11) in cold-stunned KRT, and to compare plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol (vitamin E), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the TBARS to vitamin E (T/E) ratio (an assessment of oxidative stress) between cold-stunned KRT with clinically and/or histologically confirmed steatitis (n = 10) and free-ranging KRT (n = 9). None of the cold-stunned turtles had clinically detectable steatitis at admission, and the median number of days to diagnosis of steatitis was 71 (range 33-469). Histologic findings of affected adipose tissue included heterophilic (n = 9) and/or histiocytic (n = 5) steatitis, fat necrosis (n = 7), myonecrosis (n = 2), and intralesional bacteria (n = 6). Cold-stunned KRT had significantly lower plasma vitamin E concentrations (median = 3.5 nmol/g), lower plasma TBARS concentrations (median = 1.6 nmol/g), and higher T/E ratios (median = 0.37), than controls (208.8 nmol/g; 2.1 nmol/g; 0.01, respectively). These results suggest a multifactorial etiology for the development of steatitis in KRT during rehabilitation, including tissue injury, septicemia, and various factors resulting in imbalances of anti-/oxidative status. By highlighting the need to provide more effective vitamin E supplementation, and the need to re-assess specific components of the diet, this study may lead to reduced incidence and improved medical management of steatitis in cold-stunned sea turtles.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ambrosio G, Gensini G. Commentary: Potential advantages of terminal warm blood cardioplegia: Will the "hot shot" approach become hot stuff? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 164:e157-e158. [PMID: 33436296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ambrosio
- Division of Cardiology, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nakao M, Morita K, Shinohara G, Saito S, Kunihara T. Superior restoration of left ventricular performance after prolonged single-dose del Nido cardioplegia in conjunction with terminal warm blood cardioplegic reperfusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 164:e143-e153. [PMID: 33485669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An incomplete restoration of left ventricular contractility after del Nido cardioplegia was noted in our recent study. This study tested the hypothesis that terminal warm blood cardioplegia promotes a prompt restoration of left ventricular performance after a prolonged single-dose del Nido cardioplegia. METHODS Fourteen piglets were subjected to 120 minutes of arrest by del Nido cardioplegia without terminal warm blood cardioplegia (del Nido cardioplegia group; n = 7) or with terminal warm blood cardioplegia before reperfusion (terminal warm blood cardioplegia group; n = 7). The other 7 piglets underwent total cardiopulmonary bypass without ischemia/reperfusion for 150 minutes (control group). Left ventricular function was assessed by percent recovery of end-systolic elastance as the contractility and percent end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship as the compliance using a conductance catheter. Troponin T and the mitochondrial score were also measured. RESULTS Depressed percent recovery of end-systolic elastance was sustained in the del Nido cardioplegia group, and a prompt restoration of end-systolic elastance was achieved using terminal warm blood cardioplegia (57.9 ± 17.8 vs 94.7 ± 13.1, P < .028). Percent end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship at the early phase was better in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia compared with the del Nido group (88.5 ± 24.0 vs 101.4 ± 16.8, P = .050). Troponin T was higher in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia compared with the control group (0.80% ± 0.21% and 1.49% ± 0.31%, respectively, P = .002). The mitochondrial score was equivalent in all groups. Spontaneous restoration to sinus rhythm was more frequent in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group than in the del Nido cardioplegia group (6/7 vs 1/7, P < .028). CONCLUSIONS The supplementary use of terminal warm blood cardioplegia achieved prolongation of the safe ischemic time up to 120 minutes for a single-dose application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutaka Nakao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kiyozo Morita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Shinohara
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Saito
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kunihara
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moludi J, Alizadeh M, Chehri G, Jafari-Vayghyan H, Foroumandi E, Maleki V, Ebrahimi B, Sadeghpour A, Alizadehasl A, Tabaee AS. The Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Cardiac Enzymes After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: A Double-blind Randomized Control Trial. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666190712213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is associated with oxidative stress and
tissue damage. Vitamin C, as an antioxidant agent, has an important role in attenuating the oxidative
stress damage and might have cardio-protective effects after CABG. We aimed to evaluate the probable
roles of vitamin C supplementation in cardiac biomarkers after CABG.
Methods::
In this randomized control trial, 122 patients undergoing CABG were randomly assigned
to the intervention (n=54) and control group (n=68) and received vitamin C (2 g intravenously) or
placebo, respectively. The surgical methods of the patients in the two groups were identical. The
primary efficacy endpoint of this trial is the difference in the levels of CK-MB, Troponin and Total
Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured at study entry and 24 hrs after surgery between the two
groups.
Results::
The two groups were not significantly different in terms of basic variables. Within-group
comparison showed significant rises in the level of troponin (P < 0.001) and CK-MB (P < 0.001)
over time. However, between-group comparison showed no significant difference between the two
groups in terms of CK-MB (P=0.826) and troponin (P=0.821). As a whole, the correlation between
cardiac enzymes and surgical characteristic was not seen.
Conclusion::
The results showed that pretreatment with vitamin C could not reduce cardiac marker
following CABG. After the intervention, TAC did not differ between and within the intervention and
the control groups. Pretreatment with vitamin C as an antioxidant agent could not reduce ischemicreperfusion
resulting in CABG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Moludi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Godarz Chehri
- Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elaheh Foroumandi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Ebrahimi
- Department of Food Science and Technology Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Anita Sadeghpour
- Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Alizadehasl
- Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali S. Tabaee
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sanetra K, Gerber W, Shrestha R, Domaradzki W, Krzych Ł, Zembala M, Cisowski M. The del Nido versus cold blood cardioplegia in aortic valve replacement: A randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 159:2275-2283.e1. [PMID: 31358336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the cardioprotective efficacy of a solution that requires only a single infusion at the start of the ischemic duration versus a solution that requires multiple infusions. METHODS Aortic valve replacement was performed for 150 patients, who were randomized into the del Nido (DN) cardioplegia group or the cold blood (CB) cardioplegia group. The DN cardioplegia was delivered every 90 minutes and the CB cardioplegia was delivered every 20 to 30 minutes, or whenever cardiac activity was observed. The primary endpoints were electrical cardiac activity during crossclamp, ventricular fibrillation during reperfusion, and postoperative troponin and creatine kinase (CK-MB isoenzyme) at 24 and 48 hours. RESULTS Electrical activity during crossclamp occurred in 29 (39.7%) patients in the DN group versus 34 (45.3%) patients in the CB group (adjusted P = 1.0). The number of procedures with ventricular fibrillation after removing the crossclamp was 41 (54.7%) in the CB group versus 17 (22.7%) in the DN group (adjusted P = .001; relative risk, 2.41). Troponin values appeared to be lower in the DN group (median, 223.10; interquartile range, 168.35-364.77 pg/mL vs 285.5; 196.20-419.45 pg/mL at 24 hours and 159.60; 125.42-217.20 pg/mL vs 201.60; 160.62-268.45 pg/mL at 48 hours) and CK-MB (median, 14.94; interquartile range, 12.16-20.39 ng/mL vs 17.43; 13.66-22.43 ng/mL at 24 hours and 6.19; 4.41-7.63 ng/mL vs 7.38; 4.74-10.20 ng/mL at 48 hours), but no significance was found. CONCLUSIONS The del Nido cardioplegia protocol is an acceptable alternative for cold blood cardioplegia in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Sanetra
- 1st Department of Cardiac Surgery, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland.
| | - Witold Gerber
- 1st Department of Cardiac Surgery, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Rajesh Shrestha
- 1st Department of Cardiac Surgery, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Wojciech Domaradzki
- 1st Department of Cardiac Surgery, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland
| | - Łukasz Krzych
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marian Zembala
- Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Zabrze, Poland; Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Cisowski
- 1st Department of Cardiac Surgery, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Development, American Heart of Poland, Bielsko-Biała, Poland; Department of Cardiac, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery and Transplantology, Zabrze, Poland; Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kolyada MN, Osipova VP, Berberova NT, Shpakovsky DB, Milaeva ER. Antioxidant Activity of 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol Derivatives in Lipid Peroxidation and Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition by Human Erythrocytes in vitro. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218120095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Li J, Zhang Z, Huang X. l-Arginine and allopurinol supplementation attenuates inflammatory mediators in human osteoblasts-osteoarthritis cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:716-721. [PMID: 29894789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the synergistic effects of l-arginine and allopurinol on antioxidant and inflammatory mediators in human osteoblasts-osteoarthritis (HOb-OA) cells. The cells were treated with allopurinol (50-150 mg/kg bwt) and l-arginine (50-150 mg/kg bwt) for 72 h. Cell viability, catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, and the inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured. The combined supplementation with allopurinol and l-arginine increased catalase, SOD, GSH, and Gpx, while it decreased lipid peroxidation, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. While TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-κB mRNA and protein expression were higher in control HOb-OA cells, the combined supplementation with allopurinol and l-arginine substantially reduced their expression in HOb-OA cells by >40%. In summary, combined supplementation with allopurinol and l-arginine might be very effective in osteoarthritis. A search for therapeutic agents that inhibit inflammation could help to prevent and manage osteoarthritis. However, further studies need to determine the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of these agents in osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Li
- The Third Department of Knee Injury, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan Province 471000, China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450000, China
| | - Xiaohan Huang
- The Third Department of Knee Injury, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan Province 471000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ogedengbe OO, Naidu ECS, Akang EN, Offor U, Onanuga IO, Peter AI, Jegede AI, Azu OO. Virgin coconut oil extract mitigates testicular-induced toxicity of alcohol use in antiretroviral therapy. Andrology 2018; 6:616-626. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. O. Ogedengbe
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; College of Medicine and Health Sciences; Afe Babalola University; Ado Ekiti Nigeria
| | - E. C. S. Naidu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - E. N. Akang
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - U. Offor
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - I. O. Onanuga
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - A. I. Peter
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - A. I. Jegede
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - O. O. Azu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy; Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine; University of Kwazulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; University of Namibia; Windhoek Namibia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Romano R, Cristescu SM, Risby TH, Marczin N. Lipid peroxidation in cardiac surgery: towards consensus on biomonitoring, diagnostic tools and therapeutic implementation. J Breath Res 2018; 12:027109. [PMID: 29104182 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa9856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on oxidative stress and more specifically lipid peroxidation in cardiac surgery, one of the fundamental theories of perioperative complications. We present the molecular pathways leading to lipid peroxidation and integrate analytical methods that allow detection of lipid peroxidation markers in the fluid phase with those focusing on volatile compounds in exhaled breath. In order to explore the accumulated data in the literature, we present a systematic review of quantitative analysis of malondialdehyde, a widely used lipid peroxidation product at various stages of cardiac surgery. This exploration reveals major limitations of existing studies in terms of variability of reported values and significant gaps due to discrete and variable sampling times during surgery. We also appraise methodologies that allow real-time and continuous monitoring of oxidative stress. Complimentary techniques highlight that beyond the widely acclaimed contribution of the cardiopulmonary bypass technology and myocardial reperfusion injury, the use of diathermy contributes significantly to intraoperative lipid peroxidation. We conclude that there is an urgent need to implement the theory of oxidative stress towards a paradigm change in the clinical practice. Firstly, we need to acquire definite and irrefutable information on the link between lipid peroxidation and post-operative complications by building international consensus on best analytical approaches towards generating qualitatively and quantitatively comparable datasets in coordinated multicentre studies. Secondly, we should move away from routine low-risk surgeries towards higher risk interventions where there is major unmet clinical need for improving patient journey and outcomes. There is also need for consensus on best therapeutic interventions which could be tested in convincing large scale clinical trials. As future directions, we propose combination of fluid phase platforms and 'metabography', an extended form of capnography-including real-time analysis of lipid peroxidation and volatile footprints of metabolism-for better patient phenotyping prior to and during high risk surgery towards molecular prediction, stratification and monitoring of the patient's journey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Romano
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pooja M, Pradeep ANR, Hungund SP, Sagar C, Ponnuvel KM, Awasthi AK, Trivedy K. Oxidative stress and cytotoxicity elicited lipid peroxidation in hemocytes of Bombyx mori larva infested with dipteran parasitoid, Exorista bombycis. Acta Parasitol 2017; 62:717-727. [PMID: 29035870 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2017-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parasitization of silkworm, Bombyx mori by invasive larva of dipteran parasitoid Exorista bombycis caused upto 20% revenue loss in sericulture. The parasitism was successful by suppressing host immune system however mechanism of immune suppression induced by E. bombycis is unknown which is unravelled here. The infestation induced cytotoxic symptoms in host hemocytes, such as vacuolated cytoplasm, porous plasma membrane, indented nuclei with condensed chromatin and dilated RER. One of the markers of necrosis is cell permeabilization, which can be measured as released lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). LDH level showed significantly (P<0.01) high release into extracellular medium in vitro after exposure of hemocytes to parasitoid larval tissue protein compared with control revealing membrane permeability and loss of cell integrity. At five minutes after exposure, cytotoxicity was 43% and was increased to 99% at 3h. The cytotoxicity is signalled by increased content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causing lipid peroxidation followed by porosity in plasma membrane. A test for lipid peroxidation by measurement of lipid peroxidation breakdown product, malondialdehyde (MDA) revealed significant increase in peroxidation from one to 24 h post-invasion, with maximum at 12 h (P<0.008). Level of reactive oxygen species measured as H2O2 production increased from 6 to 12 h post-invasion and continued to increase significantly (P<0.03) reaching maximum at 48 h. These observations reveal that dipteran endoparasitoid invasion induced H2O2 production in the hemocytes causing cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and membrane porosity that suppressed both humoral- and cell-mediated immune responses of hemocytes in B. mori.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ogedengbe OO, Jegede AI, Onanuga IO, Offor U, Peter AI, Akang EN, Naidu ECS, Azu OO. Adjuvant potential of virgin coconut oil extract on antiretroviral therapy-induced testicular toxicity: An ultrastructural study. Andrologia 2017; 50. [PMID: 29230854 DOI: 10.1111/and.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of Virgin coconut oil as an adjuvant to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were investigated on the testicular ultrastructure and biochemical markers in rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 153-169 g were divided into four groups and treated as follows: control A (distilled water), B (HAART), C (HAART+Virgin coconut oil 10 ml/kg) and D (Virgin coconut oil [VCO] 10 ml/kg). Testicular segments were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Serum was assayed for testosterone, luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and testicular tissue for malondialdehyde and glutathione. Ultrastructure of basement membrane (Bm), mitochondria and spermatocytes was normal in the control group. HAART-treated group showed significant increase (p < .01) in Bm thickness with significant decrease in Leydig cell nuclear diameter (p < .05) and volume (p < .01) when compared with control group. Mitochondrial cristae appear collapsed, and Sertoli cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolations. HAART+VCO group showed improved ultrastructural details in Bm, and Sertoli cell and Leydig cells show abundant lipid droplets. Virgin coconut oil-treated group showed thinning of Bm with otherwise normal ultrastructural features of organelles. HAART-treated group showed significant increase (p < .01) in testosterone levels. There was no significant effect on malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Virgin coconut oil improved testicular morphology and reversed HAART-induced ultrastructural alterations. Further studies on putative mechanism are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O O Ogedengbe
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - A I Jegede
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - I O Onanuga
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - U Offor
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - A I Peter
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - E N Akang
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E C S Naidu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - O O Azu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Change in Free Radical and Antioxidant Enzyme Levels in the Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1783728. [PMID: 28101295 PMCID: PMC5214539 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1783728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study is to determine the changes in oxidative damage and antioxidant parameters in open heart surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in preoperative and early postoperative periods. Methods. A total of three consecutive arterial blood samples were obtained from the patients in the study group, in preoperative, early postoperative, and postoperative periods, respectively. Oxidative damage indicator (MDA) and antioxidant indicators (GPx, GSH, CAT, and SOD) were examined. Results. A statistically significant increase was observed in MDA level in postoperative period compared to preoperative and early postoperative periods. GSH levels and CAT activities increased significantly in early postoperative and postoperative periods. Analyses revealed an increase in GPx and SOD enzyme activities only in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Even though the increase in MDA level was suppressed by the increased GSH level and CAT activity like in early postoperative period, efficiency can be brought for the increases in insufficient significant antioxidant parameters in postoperative period by administering antioxidant supplements to the patients and thus the increase in MDA in postoperative period can be significantly suppressed.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kahlert P, Hildebrandt HA, Patsalis PC, Al-Rashid F, Jánosi RA, Nensa F, Schlosser TW, Schlamann M, Wendt D, Thielmann M, Kottenberg E, Frey U, Neuhäuser M, Forsting M, Jakob HG, Rassaf T, Peters J, Heusch G, Kleinbongard P. No protection of heart, kidneys and brain by remote ischemic preconditioning before transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Interim-analysis of a randomized single-blinded, placebo-controlled, single-center trial. Int J Cardiol 2016; 231:248-254. [PMID: 27940009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) reduces myocardial injury and improves clinical outcome in patients undergoing coronary revascularization, but only in the absence of propofol-anesthesia. We investigated whether RIPC provides protection of heart, kidneys and brain and improves outcome in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TF-TAVI). METHODS Patients undergoing TF-TAVI were randomized to receive RIPC (3cycles of 5min left upper arm ischemia and 5min reperfusion) or placebo. The primary endpoint was myocardial injury, reflected by the area under the curve for serum troponin I concentrations (AUC-TnI) over the first 72h. Secondary endpoints included the incidences of periprocedural myocardial infarction, delayed gadolinium enhancement on postprocedural cardiac MRI, acute kidney injury, periprocedural stroke, and the incidence and volume of new lesions on postprocedural cerebral MRI. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were assessed over 1-year follow-up. A prespecified interim-analysis was performed after the last patient had completed 1-year follow-up (NCT02080299). RESULTS 100 consecutive patients were enrolled between September 2013 and June 2015. There were no significant between-group differences in the primary endpoint of peri-interventional myocardial injury (ratio RIPC/placebo AUC-TnI: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57-1.34, p=0.53) or the secondary endpoints of cardiac, renal and cerebral impairment. There was no significant treatment effect in subgroup-analyses of patients undergoing cardiac or cerebral MRI. Mortality and MACCE did not differ. No RIPC-related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS RIPC did neither protect heart, kidneys and brain nor improve clinical outcome in patients undergoing TF-TAVI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kahlert
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Heike Annelie Hildebrandt
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Polykarpos Christos Patsalis
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Fadi Al-Rashid
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Rolf Alexander Jánosi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Felix Nensa
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Wilfried Schlosser
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Marc Schlamann
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Gießen, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Daniel Wendt
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Thielmann
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Eva Kottenberg
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Mülheim, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Frey
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Markus Neuhäuser
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Department of Mathematics and Technology, Koblenz, University of Applied Science, Remagen, Germany.
| | - Michael Forsting
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Heinz Günther Jakob
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Peters
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institute for Pathophysiology, West-German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gasparova I, Kubatka P, Opatrilova R, Caprnda M, Filipova S, Rodrigo L, Malan L, Mozos I, Rabajdova M, Nosal V, Kobyliak N, Valentova V, Petrovic D, Adamek M, Kruzliak P. Perspectives and challenges of antioxidant therapy for atrial fibrillation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 390:1-14. [PMID: 27900409 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AF are poorly understood, although electrophysiological remodeling has been described as an important initiating step. There is growing evidence that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of AF. Many known triggers of oxidative stress, such as age, diabetes, smoking, and inflammation, are linked with an increased risk of arrhythmia. Numerous preclinical studies and clinical trials reported the importance of antioxidant therapy in the prevention of AF, using vitamins C and E, polyunsaturated fatty acids, statins, or nitric oxide donors. The aim of our work is to give a current overview and analysis of opportunities, challenges, and benefits of antioxidant therapy in AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iveta Gasparova
- Institute of Biology, Genetics and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic, Slovakia
| | - Radka Opatrilova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Caprnda
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Slavomira Filipova
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Luis Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Central University of Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Leone Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Miroslava Rabajdova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Nosal
- Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital in Martin, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Department of Endocrinology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vanda Valentova
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovak Republic, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Petrovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljublana, Ljublana, Slovenia
| | - Mariusz Adamek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic. .,2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dias AEMÁS, Melnikov P, Cônsolo LZZ. Oxidative stress in coronary artery bypass surgery. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 30:417-24. [PMID: 27163415 PMCID: PMC4614924 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20150052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this prospective study was to assess the dynamics of oxidative
stress during coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary
bypass. Methods Sixteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled.
Blood samples were collected from the systemic circulation during anesthesia
induction (radial artery - A1), the systemic venous return (B1 and B2) four
minutes after removal of the aortic cross-clamping, of the coronary sinus
(CS1 and CS2) four minutes after removal of the aortic cross-clamping and
the systemic circulation four minutes after completion of cardiopulmonary
bypass (radial artery - A2). The marker of oxidative stress,
malondialdehyde, was measured using spectrophotometry. Results The mean values of malondialdehyde were (ng/dl): A1 (265.1), B1 (490.0), CS1
(527.0), B2 (599.6), CS2 (685.0) and A2 (527.2). Comparisons between A1/B1,
A1/CS1, A1/B2, A1/CS2, A1/A2 were significant, with ascending values
(P<0.05). Comparisons between the measurements of
the coronary sinus and venous reservoir after the two moments of reperfusion
(B1/B2 and CS1/CS2) were higher when CS2 (P<0.05).
Despite higher values after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass (A2), when
compared to samples of anesthesia (A1), those show a downward trend when
compared to the samples of the second moment of reperfusion (CS2)
(P<0.05). Conclusion The measurement of malondialdehyde shows that coronary artery bypass grafting
with cardiopulmonary bypass is accompanied by increase of free radicals and
this trend gradually decreases after its completion. Aortic clamping
exacerbates oxidative stress but has sharper decline after reperfusion when
compared to systemic metabolism. The behavior of thiobarbituric acid species
indicates that oxidative stress is an inevitable pathophysiological
component.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sedighinejad A, Imantalab V, Mirmansouri A, Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi A, Kanani G, Nassiri Sheikhani N, Haghighi M, Atrkarroushan Z, Biazar G. Effects of Low-dose Selenium on the Inflammatory Response in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e37918. [PMID: 27795837 PMCID: PMC5070486 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.37918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers an inflammatory reaction, leading to the development of myocardial damage and dysfunction. It is suggested that selenium (Se), an essential trace element, has a protective role against oxidative stress. Decreased intraoperative Se levels might be an independent predictive factor for postoperative multiorgan failure. In spite of its proposed advantages, however, the optimal timing and dosage are not well known. Objectives To determine whether 600 µg of intravenous Se administration before induction of anesthesia for CABG surgery could attenuate inflammatory reactions in an Iranian population. Methods This randomized triple-blind clinical trial took place in the department of cardiac surgery of an academic hospital affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS) from May 2015 to September 2015. Eighty-eight eligible patients scheduled for elective on-pump CABG surgery were divided into two groups using randomized fixed quadripartite blocks. They received either an intravenous bolus of 600 µg Se before induction of anesthesia, or normal saline as a placebo. We had four measurement time-points: just before induction of anesthesia (T0), immediately after the end of CPB (T1), 24 hours after surgery (T2), and 48 hours after surgery (T3). Interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Data from a total of 81 patients were analyzed: group S (n = 41) and group C (n = 40). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to baseline characteristics. In both groups, CPB caused markedly increased IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP plasma concentrations compared with baseline (P = 0.0001). However, the pattern of changes was not significantly different between group S (P = 0.068) and group C (P = 0.26). The IL-6 and TNF-α change trends were significant in each group (P=0.0001). However, comparing the two groups showed no significant difference. With regard to IL-6, there was no significant difference between the two groups at the time-points of T1 (P = 0.34), T2 (P = 0.17), and T3 (P = 0.056), and the same was found for TNF-α at T1 (P = 0.34), T2 (P = 0.17), and T3 (P = 0.056). With regard to CRP, the trend of the changes was significant in each group (P = 0.0001). However, comparing two groups showed a borderline significant difference between them at T1 (P = 0.039), but not at T2 (P = 0.075) or T3 (P = 0.11). Conclusions This study revealed that the administration of 600 μg of intravenous Se immediately before induction of anesthesia was safe, but when compared to a placebo, no predominant clinical effects or modifications in the systemic inflammatory response induced by on-pump CABG were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Sedighinejad
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Vali Imantalab
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Vali Imantalab, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9111316138, E-mail:
| | - Ali Mirmansouri
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Fellowship of Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kanani
- MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardaic Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Nassir Nassiri Sheikhani
- MD, Assistant Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardaic Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Haghighi
- MD, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Zahra Atrkarroushan
- PhD, Assistant Professor of Biostatistic, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Gelareh Biazar
- MD, Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hsu DZ, Chu PY, Jou IM. Enteral sesame oil therapeutically relieves disease severity in rat experimental osteoarthritis. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:29807. [PMID: 27032670 PMCID: PMC4816814 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.29807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of joint pain, affecting approximately 15% of the population. Recent studies indicate that quadriceps muscle weakness is directly involved in the pathogenesis of OA-associated joint pain. Oxidative stress plays an important role in skeletal muscle dysfunction. Sesame oil is a natural product with excellent antioxidative property. However, whether sesame oil can decrease OA-induced joint pain has never been investigated. Objective The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of sesame oil on OA-induced joint pain in rats. Design OA-associated joint pain in rats was induced by medial meniscal transection in rats. Sesame oil (0, 1, 2, or 4 ml/kg/day, orally) was given to rats 7 days after OA induction, while the parameters were determined 7 days after sesame oil administration. Results Daily sesame oil treatment for 7 days significantly decreased OA-associated joint pain. Sesame oil decreased muscular interleukin-6 and increased citrate synthase activity and myosin heavy chain IIa mRNA expression. Furthermore, sesame oil decreased muscular lipid peroxidation, nuclear Nrf2 protein expression, and reactive oxygen species generations as well as increased glutathione production and glutathione peroxidase activity in OA rats. Conclusions Sesame oil may relieve OA-associated joint pain by inhibiting quadriceps muscular oxidative stress, at least partially, in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dur-Zong Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hsu DZ, Chu PY, Jou IM. Daily sesame oil supplement attenuates joint pain by inhibiting muscular oxidative stress in osteoarthritis rat model. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 29:36-40. [PMID: 26895663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting approximately 15% of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sesame oil in controlling OA pain in rats. Rat joint pain was induced by medial meniscal transection in Sprague-Dawley rats and assessed by using hindlimb weight distribution method. Muscular oxidative stress was assessed by determining lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species and circulating antioxidants. Sesame oil significantly decreased joint pain compared with positive control group in a dose-dependent manner. Sesame oil decreased lipid peroxidation in muscle but not in serum. Further, sesame oil significantly decreased muscular superoxide anion and peroxynitrite generations but increased muscular glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels. Further, sesame oil significantly increased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) expression compared with positive control group. We concluded that daily sesame oil supplement may attenuate early joint pain by inhibiting Nrf2-associated muscular oxidative stress in OA rat model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dur-Zong Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ghaznavi H, Najafi R, Mehrzadi S, Hosseini A, Tekyemaroof N, Shakeri-zadeh A, Rezayat M, Sharifi AM. Neuro-protective effects of cerium and yttrium oxide nanoparticles on high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in undifferentiated PC12 cells. Neurol Res 2015; 37:624-32. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132815y.0000000037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
29
|
Kojima T, Dogru M, Higuchi A, Nagata T, Ibrahim OM, Inaba T, Tsubota K. The Effect of Nrf2 Knockout on Ocular Surface Protection from Acute Tobacco Smoke Exposure. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:776-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
30
|
Abstract
Oxidative stress is characterized by imbalanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses. Two main antioxidant systems exist. The nonenzymatic system relies on molecules to directly quench ROS and the enzymatic system is composed of specific enzymes that detoxify ROS. Among the latter, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) family is important in oxidative stress modulation. Of these, manganese-dependent SOD (MnSOD) plays a major role due to its mitochondrial location, i.e., the main site of superoxide (O(2)(·-)) production. As such, extensive research has focused on its capacity to modulate oxidative stress. Early data demonstrated the relevance of MnSOD as an O(2)(·-) scavenger. More recent research has, however, identified a prominent role for MnSOD in carcinogenesis. In addition, SOD downregulation appears associated with health risk in heart and brain. A single nucleotide polymorphism which alters the mitochondria signaling sequence for the cytosolic MnSOD form has been identified. Transport into the mitochondria was differentially affected by allelic presence and a new chapter in MnSOD research thus begun. As a result, an ever-increasing number of diseases appear associated with this allelic variation including metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Although diet and exercise upregulate MnSOD, the relationship between environmental and genetic factors remains unclear.
Collapse
|
31
|
Oxidant-antioxidant balance during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:263058. [PMID: 25302318 PMCID: PMC4181498 DOI: 10.1155/2014/263058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in perioperative oxidant-antioxidant balance in ONCABG. METHODS Twenty-three patients were included in this study. Serum total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were assessed preoperatively, at 20 minutes after aortic clamping and at 30 minutes, 6 hours, and 48 hours after declamping (reperfusion). The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median aortic cross clamping (XC) time: group 1 (XC time < 42 minutes) and group 2 (XC time ≥ 42 minutes). RESULTS TOS and OSI values of whole patients at 30 minutes after reperfusion were higher than preoperative values (P = 0.045, P = 0.015), while perioperative TAS levels of the patients were similar to the preoperative levels (P = 0.173). XC time was correlated with TOS levels at 30 minutes after reperfusion (r = 0.43, P = 0.041). In group 2, TOS and OSI values at 30 minutes after reperfusion were higher than preoperative values (P = 0.023, P = 0.048), whereas a significant difference was not found in group 1 (P = 0.601, P = 0.327). CONCLUSIONS Oxidative imbalance and increase in TOS at reperfusion in ONCABG may be associated with XC time.
Collapse
|
32
|
Cristescu SM, Kiss R, Hekkert STL, Dalby M, Harren FJM, Risby TH, Marczin N. Real-time monitoring of endogenous lipid peroxidation by exhaled ethylene in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L509-15. [PMID: 25128523 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00168.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary and systemic organ injury produced by oxidative stress including lipid peroxidation is a fundamental tenet of ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory response to cardiac surgery, and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) but is not routinely measured in a surgically relevant time frame. To initiate a paradigm shift toward noninvasive and real-time monitoring of endogenous lipid peroxidation, we have explored pulmonary excretion and dynamism of exhaled breath ethylene during cardiac surgery to test the hypothesis that surgical technique and ischemia-reperfusion triggers lipid peroxidation. We have employed laser photoacoustic spectroscopy to measure real-time trace concentrations of ethylene from the patient breath and from the CPB machine. Patients undergoing aortic or mitral valve surgery-requiring CPB (n = 15) or off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) (n = 7) were studied. Skin and tissue incision by diathermy caused striking (> 30-fold) increases in exhaled ethylene resulting in elevated levels until CPB. Gaseous ethylene in the CPB circuit was raised upon the establishment of CPB (> 10-fold) and decreased over time. Reperfusion of myocardium and lungs did not appear to enhance ethylene levels significantly. During OPCAB surgery, we have observed increased ethylene in 16 of 30 documented reperfusion events associated with coronary and aortic anastomoses. Therefore, novel real-time monitoring of endogenous lipid peroxidation in the intraoperative setting provides unparalleled detail of endogenous and surgery-triggered production of ethylene. Diathermy and unprotected regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion are the most significant contributors to increased ethylene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona M Cristescu
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudolf Kiss
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK; Section of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Miles Dalby
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK
| | - Frans J M Harren
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Terence H Risby
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Nandor Marczin
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK; Section of Anaesthesia, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Centre of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang ZH, Liu JL, Wu L, Yu Z, Yang HT. Concentration-dependent wrestling between detrimental and protective effects of H2O2 during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1297. [PMID: 24946090 PMCID: PMC4611739 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are paradoxically implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and cardioprotection. However, the precise interpretation for the dual roles of ROS and its relationship with the ER stress during I/R remain elusive. Here we investigated the concentration-dependent effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) preconditioning (PC) and postconditioning (PoC) on the ER stress and prosurvival reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) activation using an ex vivo rat myocardial I/R model. The effects of H2O2 PC and PoC showed three phases. At a low level (1 μM), H2O2 exacerbated I/R-induced left ventricular (LV) contractile dysfunction and ER stress, as indicated by enhanced phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase and expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78, X-box-binding protein 1 splicing variant, TNF receptor-associated factor 2, activating transcription factor-6 cleaved 50 kDa fragment, and caspase-12 cleavage, but the I/R-induced RISK activation including protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and protein kinase Cɛ (PKCɛ) remained unchanged. Consistently, the postischemic LV performance in 1 μM H2O2 PC and PoC groups was improved by inhibiting ER stress with 4-phenyl butyric acid but not affected by the ER stress inducer, tunicamycin. At a moderate level (10-100 μM), H2O2 significantly improved postischemic LV performance and enhanced RISK activation, but it did no further alter the ER stress. The cardioprotection but not ER stress was abrogated with Akt or PKCɛ inhibitor wortmannin or ɛV1-2. At a high level (1 mM), H2O2 markedly aggravated the reperfusion injury and the oxidative stress but did not further enhance the RISK activation. In addition, 1 or 20 μM of H2O2 PC did not alter cardioprotective effects of ischemic PC in postischemic contractile performance and protein oxidation. Our data suggest that the differential effects of H2O2 are derived from a concentration-dependent wrestling between its detrimental stress and protective signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z-H Wang
- 1] Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China [2] Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J-L Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - L Wu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - Z Yu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| | - H-T Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Inflammatory Response in Patients under Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery and Clinical Implications: A Review of the Relevance of Dexmedetomidine Use. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/905238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) prolongs life and reduces symptoms in patients with severe coronary artery diseases, these benefits are accompanied by increased risks. Morbidity associated with cardiopulmonary bypass can be attributed to the generalized inflammatory response induced by blood-xenosurfaces interactions during extracorporeal circulation and the ischemia/reperfusion implications, including exacerbated inflammatory response resembling the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The use of specific anesthetic agents with anti-inflammatory activity can modulate the deleterious inflammatory response. Consequently, anti-inflammatory anesthetics may accelerate postoperative recovery and better outcomes than classical anesthetics. It is known that the stress response to surgery can be attenuated by sympatholytic effects caused by activation of central (α-)2-adrenergic receptor, leading to reductions in blood pressure and heart rate, and more recently, that they can have anti-inflammatory properties. This paper discusses the clinical significance of the dexmedetomidine use, a selective (α-)2-adrenergic agonist, as a coadjuvant in general anesthesia. Actually, dexmedetomidine use is not in anesthetic routine, but this drug can be considered a particularly promising agent in perioperative multiple organ protection.
Collapse
|
35
|
Ahmed LA, El-Maraghy SA. Nicorandil ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats: possible mechanism of cardioprotection. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1301-10. [PMID: 23872193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite of its known cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin is still a highly effective anti-neoplastic agent in the treatment of several cancers. In the present study, the cardioprotective effect of nicorandil was investigated on hemodynamic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by cumulative administration of doxorubicin in rats. Doxorubicin was injected i.p. over 2 weeks to obtain a cumulative dose of 18 mg/kg. Nicorandil (3 mg/kg/day) was given orally with or without doxorubicin treatment. Heart rate and aortic blood flow were recorded 24 h after receiving the last dose of doxorubicin. Rats were then sacrificed and hearts were rapidly excised for estimation of caspase-3 activity, phosphocreatine and adenine nucleotides contents in addition to cytochrome c, Bcl2, Bax and caspase 3 expression. Moreover, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity, creatine kinase activity and oxidative stress markers were measured together with the examination of DNA fragmentation and ultrastructural changes. Nicorandil was effective in alleviating the decrement of heart rate and aortic blood flow and the state of mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. Nicorandil also preserved phosphocreatine and adenine nucleotides contents by restoring mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity and creatine kinase activity. Moreover, nicorandil provided a significant cardioprotection via inhibition of apoptotic signaling pathway, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial ultrastructural changes. Interestingly, nicorandil did not interfere with cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin against the growth of solid Ehrlich carcinoma. In conclusion, nicorandil was effective against the development of doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats as indicated by improvement of hemodynamic perturbations, mitochondrial dysfunction and ultrastructural changes without affecting its antitumor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Guerri-Guttenberg RA, Castilla R, Francos GC, Müller A, Ambrosio G, Milei J. Transforming Growth Factor β1 and Coronary Intimal Hyperplasia in Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Can J Cardiol 2013; 29:849-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
37
|
Gheysarzadeh A, Yazdanparast R. Inhibition of H2O2-induced cell death through FOXO1 modulation by EUK-172 in SK-N-MC cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 697:47-52. [PMID: 23041154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that excess accumulation of reactive oxygen species, termed oxidative stress, may lead to neuronal death resulting in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. In oxidative stress-induced cell death numerous transcription factors are thought to be involved. One of them is Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) that governs many genes involved in oxidative stress resistance, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, proliferation and apoptosis. Apparently, FOXO1 activity is tightly linked to post translational modifications including phosphorylation and acetylation, which are modulated by many factors such as oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species, as the major players in oxidative stress, guide FOXO1 nuclear localization at least by simultaneous c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation and Akt/PKB activity suppression. Here, we showed that a synthetic salen-manganese derivative (EUK-172) with strong catalase activity reduced oxidative stress evident through marked reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen species, protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. In addition, our results indicated that EUK-172 not only reduced the FOXO1 protein content, but also it inhibited FOXO1 nuclear translocation in H(2)O(2)-exposed SK-N-MC cells. These events attenuated caspase-3 activity and bax/Bcl-2 ratio leading to higher viability of the H(2)O(2)-treated SK-N-MC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gheysarzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, P.O. Box 13145-1384, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mukherjee S, Dugad S, Bhandare R, Pawar N, Jagtap S, Pawar PK, Kulkarni O. Evaluation of comparative free-radical quenching potential of Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) and Mandookparni (Centella asiatica). Ayu 2012; 32:258-64. [PMID: 22408313 PMCID: PMC3296351 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.92549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayurvedic texts describe rejuvenate measures called Rasayana to impart biological sustenance to bodily tissues. Rasayana acting specifically on brain are called Medhya Rasayana. Brahmi is one of the most commonly practiced herbs for the same. Yet there exist a controversy regarding the exact plant species among Bacopa monnieri L. Penn (BM) and Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (CA) to be used as Brahmi in the formulations. Though the current literature available has suggested a very good nootropic potential of both the drugs, none of the studies have been carried out on comparative potential of these herbs to resolve the controversy. Free-radical scavenging potential for these plants is studied to find out their comparative efficacy. The study revealed a very good in vitro free-radical scavenging properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of both the plants as evidenced by FRAP, DPPH, reducing power, and antilipid peroxidation assays. It can be concluded from the studies that both the plants, although taxonomically totally different at family level, showed similar type of in vitro activities. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents also revealed a significant similarity in the two plants. The in vitro study supports the Ayurvedic concept of BM and CA having a similar potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mukherjee
- Herbal Biotechnology Laboratory, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xiao R, Power RF, Mallonee D, Routt K, Spangler L, Pescatore AJ, Cantor AH, Ao T, Pierce JL, Dawson KA. Effects of yeast cell wall-derived mannan-oligosaccharides on jejunal gene expression in young broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1660-9. [PMID: 22700513 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) has gained in popularity in recent years due to regulatory restrictions of using AGP in food animal production. Benefits of MOS usage include improvement on animal performance, feed efficiency, and gastrointestinal health. The molecular mechanisms of these functions however are not clear. The goal of the current study was to use a transcriptomics approach to investigate the effects of MOS on the intestinal gene expression profile of young broilers and characterize biological gene pathways responsible for the actions of MOS. One hundred and twenty 1-d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups and were fed either a standard wheat-soybean meal-based (control) diet or the same diet supplemented with 2.2 g/kg of MOS (Bio-Mos, Alltech, Nicholasville, KY) for 3 wk, followed by jejunal gene expression profiling analysis using chicken-specific Affymetrix microarrays. Results indicated that a total of 672 genes were differentially expressed (P < 0.01 and fold change >1.2) in the jejunum by MOS supplementation. Association analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes are involved in diverse biological functions including energy production, cell death, and protein translation. Expression of 77 protein synthesis-related genes was differentially regulated by MOS in the jejunum. Further pathway analysis indicated that 15 genes related to oxidative phosphorylation were upregulated in the jejunum, and expression of genes important in cellular stress response, such as peroxiredoxin 1, superoxide dismutase 1, and thioredoxin, were also increased by MOS. Differential expression of genes associated with cellular immune processes, including lysozyme, lumican, β 2-microglobin, apolipoprotein A-1, and fibronectin 1, were also observed in MOS-fed broilers. In summary, this study systematically identified biological functions and gene pathways that are important in mediating the biological effects of MOS in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Xiao
- Center for Animal Nutrigenomics and Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech, Nicholasville, KY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Kojima T, Wakamatsu TH, Dogru M, Ogawa Y, Igarashi A, Ibrahim OM, Inaba T, Shimizu T, Noda S, Obata H, Nakamura S, Wakamatsu A, Shirasawa T, Shimazaki J, Negishi K, Tsubota K. Age-Related Dysfunction of the Lacrimal Gland and Oxidative Stress. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1879-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
42
|
The protective effect of a mix of Lactarius deterrimus and Castanea sativa extracts on streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and pancreatic β-cell death. Br J Nutr 2011; 108:1163-76. [PMID: 22186906 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511006702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell death or dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress underlies the development and progression of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we tested extracts from the edible mushroom Lactarius deterrimus and the chestnut Castanea sativa, as well as their mixture (MIX Ld/Cs), for potential beneficial effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic β-cell death. Analysis of chelating effects, reducing power and radical-scavenging assays revealed strong antioxidant effects of the C. sativa extract and MIX Ld/Cs, while the L. deterrimus extract displayed a weak to moderate effect. The antioxidative effect of the chestnut extract corresponds with the high content of phenolics and flavonoids identified by HPLC analysis. In contrast, the mushroom extract contains relatively small amounts of phenols and flavonoids. However, both extracts, and especially their combination MIX Ld/Cs, increased cell viability after the STZ treatment as a result of a significant reduction of DNA damage and improved redox status. The chestnut extract and MIX Ld/Cs significantly lowered the STZ-induced increases in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, while the mushroom extract had no impact on the activities of these antioxidant enzymes. However, the L. deterrimus extract exhibited good NO-scavenging activity. Different mechanisms that underlie antioxidant effects of the mushroom and chestnut extracts were discussed. When combined as in the MIX Ld/Cs, the extracts exhibited diverse but synergistic actions that ultimately exerted beneficial and protective effects against STZ-induced pancreatic β-cell death.
Collapse
|
43
|
Yaghoubi A, Danaee S, Imani S, Sheikhalizadeh M, Ghojazadeh M. Effect of citrate phosphate dextrose solution on reperfusion injury in coronary artery bypass surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2011; 3:123-7. [PMID: 24250969 DOI: 10.5681/jcvtr.2011.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reperfusion injury is one of the most common phenomena associated with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) .The mechanism of ischemia and reperfusion injury is not known precisely, but may be free radicals and other activated oxygen metabolites have an important role in tissue damage following reperfusion injury. This study was to evaluation of citrate solution effects on oxidative stress and cardiac function and Cardiac enzymes in patient's candidate to CABG. METHODS In Double blind clinical trial study in Tabriz University of medical science, 50 patients candidate to CABG randomly divided in two groups and matched together according to sex, age and NYHA class. In intervention group after surgery and before the opening of the aortic clamping solution warm blood containing citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD; 3cc/100cc), value (100cc/min/m2BSA) for three minutes was administered. In control group, only pure blood administered. Oxidative stress markers measured in five stages and cardiac enzymes measured in three stages of surgery. RESULTS Mean age 62.3±9.1 years including 30(60%) men and 20(40%) women. Ejection fractions between two groups were not significant before and after treatment. Administration of CPD was not significant effects on cardiac enzyme. Measurement of oxidative stress in different time were not different in malonil dialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and GPx but total antioxidant status were improved after intervention in compared with control group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Results showed that CPD were positive effects of increasing in total antioxidant status after CABG, but in reduction of other oxidative markers were unlabeled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Yaghoubi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Madani Heart Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rasoli S, Kakouros N, Harling L, Gukop P, Soni M, Athanasiou T, Kourliouros A. Antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of atrial fibrillation: what is the evidence? Cardiol Res Pract 2011; 2011:164078. [PMID: 21876823 PMCID: PMC3162973 DOI: 10.4061/2011/164078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Current available therapies remain inadequate in symptom control and secondary prevention and are often associated with significant side effects. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AF are poorly understood, although electrophysiological remodeling has been described as an important initiating step. Recently, increasing evidence implicates oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of AF. We searched the literature for evidence to support the use of antioxidant vitamins C and E in the prevention of AF. These vitamins, through their reactive-oxygen-species- (ROS-) scavenging effect, have shown a role in AF prevention in both animal and small clinical studies. The available evidence, however, is currently insufficient to support recommendations for their use in the wider patient population. Larger-scale clinical studies are required to confirm these preliminary results. Research is also required to further the understanding of the processes involved in the pathogenesis of AF and the role of antioxidant therapies to prevent the arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rasoli
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
The estimation of oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in right atrium auricles cardiomyocytes of patients undergoing surgical heart revascularisation with the use of warm blood cardioplegia. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2010; 48:202-7. [PMID: 20675275 DOI: 10.2478/v10042-010-0012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress markers and apoptosis were estimated during elective surgical heart revascularization. Eight patients with good ejection fraction underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the use of warm blood cardioplegia. Two right atrium auricle biopsy specimens were collected before and after the operation. Specimens underwent immunocytochemical analysis of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression and apoptosis estimation by the TUNEL method. Ultrastructure analysis under electron microscope was made. Satisfactory results of the operation were obtained. After CABG the MnSOD expression increase in sections of auricles was observed through the increase of stain intensity and the percentage of cells with positive stain (from 30 to 80%). The apoptotic cells percentage remained at approximately the same level. Under the electron microscope insignificant pathological changes were observed. On this basis one may assume that in the case of cardiosurgical procedures with short aorta cross-clamping time and low operation risk level the application of cardioplegia sufficiently prevents reactive oxygen forms (ROF) cytotoxic activity although it does not inhibit the expression of oxidative stress (OS) markers. In our opinion the method of examining right atrium sections is safe and provides results comparable with other publications. It may also be a voice in the discussion on new methods of heart protection during cardiac surgery procedures.
Collapse
|
46
|
Leong JY, van der Merwe J, Pepe S, Bailey M, Perkins A, Lymbury R, Esmore D, Marasco S, Rosenfeldt F. Perioperative metabolic therapy improves redox status and outcomes in cardiac surgery patients: A randomised trial. Heart Lung Circ 2010; 19:584-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2010.06.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
47
|
Markers of oxidative stress in acute myocardial infarction treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Open Med (Wars) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11536-009-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn the current study, we evaluated the dynamics of oxidative stress markers in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Thirty consecutive patients with AMI with ST elevation were included. Plasma lipid peroxidation end product malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in blood plasma were evaluated. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained prior to reperfusion and at five time points after reperfusion. The control group consisted of 20 ischemic patients without acute coronary syndrome. TAC in the AMI group at admission was lower than in control patients (1.26 + 0.32 vs. 1.52 + 0.24 mmol/l). Within 1 h after reperfusion, in most cases, values significantly declined (1 min, 1.10 + 0.33 mmol/l; 1 h, 1.06 + 0.21 mmol/l [p= 0.03]). After 3 h, values began to increase (1.14 + 0.29 mmol/l) and returned to basal values after 3 d (1.29 + 0.24 mmol/l). MDA levels in AMI patients at admission were higher than in control patients (1.66 + 0.55 vs. 1.44 + 0.55 mmol/l) but showed a sustained decrease over the 3 h after reperfusion of the occluded artery (1 min, 1.57 + 0.37 mmol/l; 1 h, 1.50 + 0.35 μmol/l; 3 h, 1.35 + 0.59 μmol/l [p = 0.03]). Reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery by PCI in AMI lead to an immediate decrease in TAC, suggesting formation of reactive oxygen species. However, the MDA level significantly decreased after reperfusion. This may suggests less reperfusion injury after PCI.
Collapse
|
48
|
Oxidative stress and monooxygenase liver function in patients with coronary heart disease and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2009; 26:140-6. [DOI: 10.1097/eja.0b013e32831aed78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
49
|
Stassano P, Di Tommaso L, Monaco M, Iesu S, Brando G, Buonpane S, Ambrosio G, Di Benedetto G, Pepino P. Myocardial Revascularization by Left Ventricular Assisted Beating Heart Is Associated With Reduced Systemic Inflammatory Response. Ann Thorac Surg 2009; 87:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
50
|
Cerretani D, Riezzo I, Fiaschi AI, Centini F, Giorgi G, D'Errico S, Fiore C, Karch SB, Neri M, Pomara C, Turillazzi E, Fineschi V. Cardiac oxidative stress determination and myocardial morphology after a single ecstasy (MDMA) administration in a rat model. Int J Legal Med 2008; 122:461-9. [PMID: 18594849 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-008-0262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical data indicate that 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) abuse can produce significant cardiovascular toxicity. A mechanism may be a direct toxic effect of redox active metabolites of MDMA. To evaluate the effect of a single MDMA dose on cellular antioxidant defence system and to investigate the morphology in male albino rats, total glutathione (GSH), oxidised glutathione (GSSG), ascorbic acid (AA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDAL) were studied. The effects were evaluated at 3, 6, 16 and 24 h after MDMA administration. Antioxidant enzymes activity was significantly reduced: GPx (-24%) and SOD (-50%) after 3 h and GR (-19%) after 6 h from treatment. AA levels decrease (-37%) after 3 h and (-30%) after 6 h; MDAL level increased (+119%) after 3 h; GSH levels decreased after 3 (31.3%) and 6 h (37.9%) from MDMA treatment. GSSG content was not affected by ecstasy administration. Myocardial contraction band necrosis (CBN) was already visible in rats killed at 6 h. After 16 h, macrophagic monocytes around the necrotic myocardial cells were observed, and within 24 h, this infiltrate became more widespread with an early removal of the necrotic material. Calcium deposits were observed within ventricular cardiomyocytes with intact nuclei and sarcomeres. Single administration of MDMA can significantly alter the cellular antioxidant defence system and produce oxidative stress which may result in lipid peroxidation and disruption of Ca(2 +) homeostasis. The depression in Ca(2+) regulatory mechanism by reactive oxygen species ultimately results in intracellular Ca(2 +) overload, CBN and cell death.
Collapse
|