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Li J, Sun M, Song X, Chen G, Zhou J, Chang Y, Xue C. Analysis of unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides using high-performance anion exchange chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3501-3508. [PMID: 38658402 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Alginate is a commercially important polysaccharide composed of mannuronic acid and its C5 differential isomer guluronic acid. Comprehensive research on alginate and alginate lyases requires efficient and precise analytical methods for alginate oligosaccharides. In this research, high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) in parallel with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) and mass spectrometry (MS) was applied to the analysis of oligosaccharides obtained by alginate lyase. By optimizing the chromatographic conditions including mobile phase concentration, flow rate, and elution gradient, the analysis of a single sample could be completed in 30 min. Seven unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides were separated and identified through their analysis time observed with PAD, including all structurally different unsaturated disaccharides and trisaccharides. The quantitative analysis of seven oligosaccharides was performed based on the quantitative capability of PAD. The method exhibited adequate linearity and precision parameters. All the calibration curves showed good linearity at least in the concentration range of 0.002 to 0.1 mg/mL. The HPAEC-PAD/MS method provides a general and efficient online method to analyze alginate oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Menghui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Xiao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Jinhang Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
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2
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Ning L, Zhu B, Yao Z. Separation, purification and structural characterization of marine oligosaccharides: A comprehensive and systematic review of chromatographic methods. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464755. [PMID: 38394786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Marine oligosaccharides have now been applied in a wide range of industry due to various kinds of physiological activities. However, the oligosaccharides with different polymeric degrees (Dps) differed in physiological activities and applicable fields. So it is promising and essential to separate, purify and structurally characterize these oligosaccharides for understanding their structure-function relationship. This review will summarize the lasted developments in the separation, purification and structural characterization of marine oligosaccharides, including the alginate oligosaccharides, carrageenan oligosaccharides, agar oligosaccharides, chitin oligosaccharides and chitosan oligosaccharides, emphasizing the successful examples of methods for separation and purification. Furthermore, an outlook for preparation of functional oligosaccharides in food biotechnology and agriculture fields is also included. This comprehensive review could definitely promote the utilization of marine functional polysaccharides for food and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Ning
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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3
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Dobruchowska JM, Bjornsdottir B, Fridjonsson OH, Altenbuchner J, Watzlawick H, Gerwig GJ, Dijkhuizen L, Kamerling JP, Hreggvidsson GO. Enzymatic depolymerization of alginate by two novel thermostable alginate lyases from Rhodothermus marinus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:981602. [PMID: 36204061 PMCID: PMC9530828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.981602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alginate (alginic acid) is a linear polysaccharide, wherein (1→4)-linked β-D-mannuronic acid and its C5 epimer, α-L-guluronic acid, are arranged in varying sequences. Alginate lyases catalyze the depolymerization of alginate, thereby cleaving the (1→4) glycosidic linkages between the monomers by a β-elimination mechanism, to yield unsaturated 4-deoxy-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid (Δ) at the non-reducing end of resulting oligosaccharides (α-L-erythro configuration) or, depending on the enzyme, the unsaturated monosaccharide itself. In solution, the released free unsaturated monomer product is further hydrated in a spontaneous (keto-enol tautomerization) process to form two cyclic stereoisomers. In this study, two alginate lyase genes, designated alyRm3 and alyRm4, from the marine thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus (strain MAT378), were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzymes were characterized, and their substrate specificity and product structures determined. AlyRm3 (PL39) and AlyRm4 (PL17) are among the most thermophilic and thermostable alginate lyases described to date with temperature optimum of activity at ∼75 and 81°C, respectively. The pH optimum of activity of AlyRm3 is ∼5.5 and AlyRm4 at pH 6.5. Detailed NMR analysis of the incubation products demonstrated that AlyRm3 is an endolytic lyase, while AlyRm4 is an exolytic lyase, cleaving monomers from the non-reducing end of oligo/poly-alginates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M. Dobruchowska
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Josef Altenbuchner
- Institute for Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Gerrit J. Gerwig
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johannis P. Kamerling
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gudmundur O. Hreggvidsson
- Matís Ltd., Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
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Barzkar N, Sheng R, Sohail M, Jahromi ST, Babich O, Sukhikh S, Nahavandi R. Alginate Lyases from Marine Bacteria: An Enzyme Ocean for Sustainable Future. Molecules 2022; 27:3375. [PMID: 35684316 PMCID: PMC9181867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall of brown algae contains alginate as a major constituent. This anionic polymer is a composite of β-d-mannuronate (M) and α-l-guluronate (G). Alginate can be degraded into oligosaccharides; both the polymer and its products exhibit antioxidative, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory activities and, hence, find many commercial applications. Alginate is attacked by various enzymes, collectively termed alginate lyases, that degrade glycosidic bonds through β-elimination. Considering the abundance of brown algae in marine ecosystems, alginate is an important source of nutrients for marine organisms, and therefore, alginate lyases play a significant role in marine carbon recycling. Various marine microorganisms, particularly those that thrive in association with brown algae, have been reported as producers of alginate lyases. Conceivably, the marine-derived alginate lyases demonstrate salt tolerance, and many are activated in the presence of salts and, therefore, find applications in the food industry. Therefore, this review summarizes the structural and biochemical features of marine bacterial alginate lyases along with their applications. This comprehensive information can aid in the expansion of future prospects of alginate lyases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Barzkar
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 3995, Iran
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- CQM—Centro de Química da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Universidade da Madeira, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal;
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi
- Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas 9145, Iran;
| | - Olga Babich
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Stanislav Sukhikh
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, Kaliningrad 236016, Russia; (O.B.); (S.S.)
| | - Reza Nahavandi
- Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 8361, Iran;
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5
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Bi D, Yang X, Lu J, Xu X. Preparation and potential applications of alginate oligosaccharides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10130-10147. [PMID: 35471191 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2067832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alginate, a linear polymer consisting of β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-guluronic acid (G) with 1,4-glycosidic linkages and comprising 40% of the dry weight of algae, possesses various applications in the food and nutraceutical industries. However, the potential applications of alginate are restricted in some fields because of its low water solubility and high solution viscosity. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) on the other hand, have low molecular weight which result in better water solubility. Hence, it becomes a more popular target to be researched in recent years for its use in foods and nutraceuticals. AOS can be obtained by multiple degradation methods, including enzymatic degradation, from alginate or alginate-derived poly G and poly M. AOS have unique bioactivity and can bring human health benefits, which render them potentials to be developed/incorporated into functional food. This review comprehensively covers methods of the preparation and analysis of AOS, and discussed the potential applications of AOS in foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Bi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xu Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, PR China
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Li J, He Z, Liang Y, Peng T, Hu Z. Insights into Algal Polysaccharides: A Review of Their Structure, Depolymerases, and Metabolic Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1749-1765. [PMID: 35124966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, marine macroalgae with extensive biomass have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide. Furthermore, algal polysaccharides have been widely studied in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic fields because of their various kinds of bioactivities. However, there are immense barriers to their application as a result of their high molecular size, poor solubility, hydrocolloid nature, and low physiological activities. Unique polysaccharides, such as laminarin, alginate, fucoidan, agar, carrageenan, porphyran, ulvan, and other complex structural polysaccharides, can be digested by marine bacteria with many carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) by breaking down the limitation of glycosidic bonds. However, structural elucidation of algal polysaccharides, metabolic pathways, and identification of potential polysaccharide hydrolases that participate in different metabolic pathways remain major obstacles restricting the efficient utilization of algal oligosaccharides. This review focuses on the structure, hydrolase families, metabolic pathways, and potential applications of seven macroalgae polysaccharides. These results will contribute to progressing our understanding of the structure of algal polysaccharides and their metabolic pathways and will be valuable for clearing the way for the compelling utilization of bioactive oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiao He
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Liang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Hu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511458, People's Republic of China
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7
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Marine microbial enzymes for the production of algal oligosaccharides and its bioactive potential for application as nutritional supplements. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:175-191. [PMID: 34997524 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae have a very high carbohydrate content due to complex algal polysaccharides (APS) like agar, alginate, and ulvan in their cell wall. Despite numerous reports on their biomedical properties, their hydrocolloid nature limits their applications. Algal oligosaccharides (AOS), which are hydrolyzed forms of complex APS, are gaining importance due to their low molecular weight, biocompatibility, bioactivities, safety, and solubility in water that makes it a lucrative alternative. The AOS produced through enzymatic hydrolysis using microbial enzymes have far-reaching applications because of its stereospecific nature. Identification and characterization of novel microorganisms producing APS hydrolyzing enzymes are the major bottlenecks for the efficient production of AOS. This review will discuss the marine microbial enzymes identified for AOS production and the bioactive potential of enzymatically produced AOS. This can improve our understanding of the biotechnological potential of microbial enzymes for the production of AOS and facilitate the sustainable utilization of algal biomass. Enzymatically produced AOS are shown to have bioactivities such as antioxidant, antiglycemic, prebiotic, immunomodulation, antiobesity or antihypercholesterolemia, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity. The myriad of health benefits provided by the AOS is the need of the hour as there is an alarming increase in physiological disorders among a wide range of the global population.
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Boughrara L, Sebba FZ, Sebti H, Choukchou-Braham E, Bounaceur B, Kada SO, Zaoui F. Removal of Zn(II) and Ni(II) heavy metal ions by new alginic acid-ester derivatives materials. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118439. [PMID: 34420707 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present work concerns the preparation of new materials based on alginic acid (AA) and diols in a facile and efficient process by improving the adsorption properties of Zn(II) and Ni(II) metal ions on the modified AA. The materials were analysed by zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), in addition to the Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after the adsorption behaviour was conducted. The results show that the esterification of AA with diols of different lengths significantly improves its adsorption efficiency of Zn(II) and Ni(II) with Qmax up to 200 mg/g and 185.185 mg/g respectively. Equilibrium and kinetic studies showed that the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models fit the experimental data well, and followed a pseudo-first order kinetic model and the particle diffusion model with correlation coefficients R2 ≈ 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemya Boughrara
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria.
| | - Fatima Zohra Sebba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Houari Sebti
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | | | - Boumediene Bounaceur
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Seghier Ould Kada
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Farouk Zaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoléculaire, Département de Chimie, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, B.P 1524, El-Menaouer 31000, Oran, Algeria.
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Mrudulakumari Vasudevan U, Lee OK, Lee EY. Alginate derived functional oligosaccharides: Recent developments, barriers, and future outlooks. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118158. [PMID: 34119132 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) derived from alginate exhibit superior biological activities and therapeutic potential. Alginate lyases with characteristic substrate specificity can facilitate the production of a broad array of AOS with precise structure and functionality. By adopting innovative analytical tools in conjunction with focused clinical studies, the structure-bioactivity relationship of a number of AOS has been brought to light. This review covers fundamental aspects and recent developments in AOS research. Enzymatic and microbial processes involved in AOS production from brown algae and sequential steps involved in AOS structure elucidation are outlined. Biological mechanisms underlying the health benefits of AOS and their potential industrial and therapeutic applications are elaborated. Withal, various challenges in AOS research are traced out, and future directions, specifically on recombinant systems for AOS preparation, are delineated to further widen the horizon of these exceptional oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasree Mrudulakumari Vasudevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Alginate-zinc (II) phthalocyanine conjugates: Synthesis, characterization and tumor-associated macrophages-targeted photodynamic therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Zhu B, Ni F, Xiong Q, Yao Z. Marine oligosaccharides originated from seaweeds: Source, preparation, structure, physiological activity and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:60-74. [PMID: 31968996 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1716207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine polysaccharides originated from seaweeds, including agar, alginate, carrageenan, and fucoidan, possess various kinds of physiological activities and have been widely used in food, agricultural and medical areas. However, the application has been greatly limited by their poor solubility and low bioavailability. Thus marine oligosaccharides, as the degradation products of those polysaccharides, have drawn increasing attentions due to their obvious biological activities, good solubility and excellent bioavailability. This review will summarize the recent advances on the source, molecular structure and physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides, emphasizing their application as functional food additives. Furthermore, the relationship between the structure and the physiological activity of marine oligosaccharides is also elucidated and highlighted. The review concludes with an outlook toward potential applications for preparing the functional oligosaccharides in food biotechnology and agriculture fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Fang Ni
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Qiang Xiong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P R China
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12
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Elucidation of a Unique Pattern and the Role of Carbohydrate Binding Module of an Alginate Lyase. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:md18010032. [PMID: 31905894 PMCID: PMC7024192 DOI: 10.3390/md18010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) possess diverse physiological activities. Therefore, in recent years, increasing attention has been drawn to the use of enzymes for the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides for food and industrial applications. Previously, we identified and characterized a novel bifunctional alginate lyase Aly7A, which can specifically release trisaccharide from three different substrate types with a unique degradation pattern. Herein, we investigated its degradation pattern by modular truncation and molecular docking. The results suggested that Aly7A adopted a unique action mode towards different substrates with the substrate chain sliding into the binding pocket of the catalytic domain to position the next trisaccharide for cleavage. Deletion of the Aly7A carbohydrate binding module (CBM) domain resulted in a complex distribution of degradation products and no preference for trisaccharide formation, indicating that the CBM may act as a “controller” during the trisaccharide release process. This study further testifies CBM as a regulator of product distribution and provides new insights into well-defined generation of alginate oligosaccharides with associated CBMs.
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Enhanced synthesis of alginate oligosaccharides in Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 by overexpressing MreB. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:344. [PMID: 31497462 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of cytoskeleton protein MreB on bacterial cell morphology and the synthesis of alginate oligosaccharides (AO) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01. To overexpress the mreB gene, an expression vector encoding MreB-GFP fusion protein was constructed. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that cells expressing MreB were longer than the wild ones, which agrees with MreB's relationship with the synthesis of peptidoglycan. Cells expressing the MreB-GFP fusion protein emitted green fluorescence under a fluorescence microscope, suggesting that MreB was functionally expressed in strain NK-01. Under a confocal laser scanning microscope, MreB was observed as located around the cell membrane. Furthermore, the recombinant strain could synthesize 0.961 g/L AO, which was 5.86-fold higher than wild-type strain. Through the medium optimization test, we finally selected the addition of 20 g/L glucose as the optimal glycogen addition for AO fermentation based on a high AO yield and high substrate transformation efficiency. The results indicated that overexpression of MreB affected the cell morphology, the activity of AO polymerase, and the efficiency of AO secretion. However, the synthesis of PHA for recombinant strain was slightly reduced. The results suggested that the overexpression of this cytoskeleton protein affected the yield of specific intracellular and extracellular products.
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Shibata T, Fujii R, Nishioka Y, Miyake H, Mori T, Tanaka R. A Simple Analysis Method for 4-Deoxy-l- erythro-5-hexoseulose Uronic Acid by HPLC-ELSD with Column for Anion Analysis. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19850990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
4-Deoxy-l- erythro-5-hexoseulose uronic acid (DEH) is a rare deoxy sugar produced from alginate by the action of an exotype alginate lyase. A simple and rapid method for analyzing DEH using high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was developed in this study. For chromatography, an isocratic elution of ammonium formate buffer including formic acid and a column for anion chromatography were used. In the developed method, DEH was detected at a retention time of 3.038 minutes and limits of detection (signal-noise ratio = 3) and quantification (signal-noise ratio = 10) were 37.5 and 124.9 µg/mL as a sodium DEH, respectively. In addition, separation and detection of alginate unsaturated oligosaccharides were also tested using the method. Within an analysis time of 10 minutes, it was possible to separate and detect unsaturated disaccharide, unsaturated trisaccharide, and unsaturated tetrasaccharide prepared using poly(β-d-mannuronate) lyase and sodium alginate of high mannuronate type. The HPLC-ELSD method established in this study will be applicable for quantitative analysis of DEH and measurement of exotype alginate lyase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
- Seaweed Biorefinery Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Reona Fujii
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Hideo Miyake
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
- Seaweed Biorefinery Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Mori
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiji Tanaka
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
- Seaweed Biorefinery Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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15
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Stender EG, Birch J, Kjeldsen C, Nielsen LD, Duus JØ, Kragelund BB, Svensson B. Alginate Trisaccharide Binding Sites on the Surface of β-Lactoglobulin Identified by NMR Spectroscopy: Implications for Molecular Network Formation. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:6165-6174. [PMID: 31459761 PMCID: PMC6647953 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
β-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a promiscuous protein in terms of ligand interactions, having several binding sites reported for hydrophobic biomolecules such as fatty acids, lipids, and vitamins as well as detergents. BLG also interacts with neutral and anionic oligo- and polysaccharides for which the binding sites remain to be identified. The multivalency offered by these carbohydrate ligands is expected to facilitate coacervation, an electrostatically driven liquid-liquid phase separation. Using heteronuclear single quantum coherence NMR spectroscopy and monitoring chemical shift perturbations, we observed specific binding sites of modest affinity for alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs) prepared by alginate lyase degradation. Two different AOS binding sites (site 1 and site 2) centered around K75 and K101 were identified for monomeric BLG isoform A (BLGA) at pH 2.65. In contrast, only site 1 around K75 was observed for dimeric BLGA at pH 4.0. The data suggest a pH-dependent mechanism whereby both the BLGA dimer-monomer equilibrium and electrostatic interactions are exploited. This variability allows for control of coacervation and particle formation of BLGA/alginate mixtures via directed polysaccharide bridging of AOS binding sites and has implication for molecular network formation. The results are valuable for design of polyelectrolyte-based BLG particles and coacervates for carrying nutraceuticals and modulating viscosity in dairy products by use of alginates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil G.
P. Stender
- Enzyme
and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building
224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Johnny Birch
- Enzyme
and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building
224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christian Kjeldsen
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building
207, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lau D. Nielsen
- Structural
Biology and NMR Laboratory, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein
Science, Department of Biology, University
of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes
Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen
N, Denmark
| | - Jens Ø. Duus
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building
207, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Birthe B. Kragelund
- Structural
Biology and NMR Laboratory, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein
Science, Department of Biology, University
of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes
Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen
N, Denmark
- E-mail: . phone: +45 3532 2081 (B.S.)
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme
and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building
224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- E-mail: . phone: +45 4525 2740 (B.B.K.)
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16
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Lu D, Zhang Q, Wang S, Guan J, Jiao R, Han N, Han W, Li F. Biochemical characteristics and synergistic effect of two novel alginate lyases from Photobacterium sp. FC615. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:260. [PMID: 31700543 PMCID: PMC6827250 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macroalgae and microalgae, as feedstocks for third-generation biofuel, possess competitive strengths in terms of cost, technology and economics. The most important compound in brown macroalgae is alginate, and the synergistic effect of endolytic and exolytic alginate lyases plays a crucial role in the saccharification process of transforming alginate into biofuel. However, there are few studies on the synergistic effect of endolytic and exolytic alginate lyases, especially those from the same bacterial strain. RESULTS In this study, the endolytic alginate lyase AlyPB1 and exolytic alginate lyase AlyPB2 were identified from the marine bacterium Photobacterium sp. FC615. These two enzymes showed quite different and novel enzymatic properties whereas behaved a strong synergistic effect on the saccharification of alginate. Compared to that when AlyPB2 was used alone, the conversion rate of alginate polysaccharides to unsaturated monosaccharides when AlyPB1 and AlyPB2 acted on alginate together was dramatically increased approximately sevenfold. Furthermore, we found that AlyPB1 and AlyPB2 acted the synergistic effect basing on the complementarity of their substrate degradation patterns, particularly due to their M-/G-preference and substrate-size dependence. In addition, a novel method for sequencing alginate oligosaccharides was developed for the first time by combining the 1H NMR spectroscopy and the enzymatic digestion with the exo-lyase AlyPB2, and this method is much simpler than traditional methods based on one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Using this strategy, the sequences of the final tetrasaccharide and pentasaccharide product fractions produced by AlyPB1 were easily determined: the tetrasaccharide fractions contained two structures, ΔGMM and ΔMMM, at a molar ratio of 1:3.2, and the pentasaccharide fractions contained four structures, ΔMMMM, ΔMGMM, ΔGMMM, and ΔGGMM, at a molar ratio of ~ 1:1.5:3.5:5.25. CONCLUSIONS The identification of these two novel alginate lyases provides not only excellent candidate tool-type enzymes for oligosaccharide preparation but also a good model for studying the synergistic digestion and saccharification of alginate in biofuel production. The novel method for oligosaccharide sequencing described in this study will offer a very useful approach for structural and functional studies on alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrong Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingdong Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shumin Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Guan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Runmiao Jiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Naihan Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuchuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
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17
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Chen Y, Dou W, Li H, Shi J, Xu Z. The alginate lyase from Isoptericola halotolerans CGMCC 5336 as a new tool for the production of alginate oligosaccharides with guluronic acid as reducing end. Carbohydr Res 2018; 470:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Belik AA, Silchenko AS, Kusaykin MI, Zvyagintseva TN, Ermakova SP. Alginate Lyases: Substrates, Structure, Properties, and Prospects of Application. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162018040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Kunjukunju S, Roy A, Shekhar S, Kumta PN. Cross-linked enzyme aggregates of alginate lyase: A systematic engineered approach to controlled degradation of alginate hydrogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 115:176-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Zhu B, Ning L, Jiang Y, Ge L. Biochemical Characterization and Degradation Pattern of a Novel Endo-Type Bifunctional Alginate Lyase AlyA from Marine Bacterium Isoptericola halotolerans. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E258. [PMID: 30065151 PMCID: PMC6117692 DOI: 10.3390/md16080258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases are important tools to prepare oligosaccharides with various physiological activities by degrading alginate. Particularly, the bifunctional alginate lyase can efficiently hydrolyze the polysaccharide into oligosaccharides. Herein, we cloned and identified a novel bifunctional alginate lyase, AlyA, with a high activity and broad substrate specificity from bacterium Isoptericola halotolerans NJ-05 for oligosaccharides preparation. For further applications in industry, the enzyme has been characterized and its action mode has been also elucidated. It exhibited the highest activity (7984.82 U/mg) at pH 7.5 and 55 °C. Additionally, it possessed a broad substrate specificity, showing high activities towards not only polyM (polyβ-d-mannuronate) (7658.63 U/mg), but also polyG (poly α-l-guluronate) (8643.29 U/mg). Furthermore, the Km value of AlyA towards polyG (3.2 mM) was lower than that towards sodium alginate (5.6 mM) and polyM (6.7 mM). TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) and ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry) were used to study the action mode of the enzyme, showing that it can hydrolyze the substrates in an endolytic manner to release a series of oligosaccharides such as disaccharide, trisaccharide, and tetrasaccharide. This study provided extended insights into the substrate recognition and degrading pattern of the alginate lyases, with a broad substrate specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Limin Ning
- College of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yucui Jiang
- College of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lin Ge
- Technology Transfer Center, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Peng Q, Zhang M, Gao L, Eromosele O, Qiao Y, Shi B. Effects of alginate oligosaccharides with different molecular weights and guluronic to mannuronic acid ratios on glyceollin induction and accumulation in soybeans. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:1850-1858. [PMID: 29666538 PMCID: PMC5897307 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs) are linear oligosaccharides with alternating sequences of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G) residues. AOs can be used as a safe elicitor to induce glyceollins, which have many human health benefits, in soybean seeds. In this research, four AO fractions with different chemical structures and molecular weights were separated, purified, and then characterized by NMR spectroscopy and ESI-MS. With a 4,5-unsaturated hexuronic acid residue (△) at the non-reducing terminus, the structures of these four AO fractions were △G, △MG, △GMG and △MGGG, which exhibited glyceollin-inducing activities of 1.2339, 0.3472, 0.6494 and 1.0611 (mg/g dry weight) in soybean seeds, respectively. The results demonstrated that a larger molecular weight or a higher G/M ratio might correlate with a higher glyceollin-inducing activity. Moreover, the alginate disaccharide △G could be introduced as relatively safe and efficient elicitor of high glyceollin content in soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Peng
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mimin Zhang
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Long Gao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ojokoh Eromosele
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Qiao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Shi
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
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22
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Zhu B, Hu F, Yuan H, Sun Y, Yao Z. Biochemical Characterization and Degradation Pattern of a Unique pH-Stable PolyM-Specific Alginate Lyase from Newly Isolated Serratia marcescens NJ-07. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040129. [PMID: 29662025 PMCID: PMC5923416 DOI: 10.3390/md16040129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic preparation of alginate oligosaccharides with versatile bioactivities by alginate lyases has attracted increasing attention due to its featured characteristics, such as wild condition and specific products. In this study, AlgNJ-07, a novel polyM-specific alginate lyase with high specific activity and pH stability, has been purified from the newly isolated marine bacterium Serratia marcescens NJ-07. It has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa and exhibits the maximal activity of 2742.5 U/mg towards sodium alginate under 40 °C at pH 9.0. Additionally, AlgNJ-07 could retain more than 95% of its activity at pH range of 8.0–10.0, indicating it possesses excellent pH-stability. Moreover, it shows high activity and affinity towards polyM block and no activity to polyG block, which suggests that it is a strict polyM-specific alginate lyase. The degradation pattern of AlgNJ-07 has also been explored. The activity of AlgNJ-07 could be activated by NaCl with a low concentration (100–300 mM). It can be observed that AlgNJ-07 can recognize the trisaccharide as the minimal substrate and hydrolyze the trisaccharide into monosaccharide and disaccharide. The TLC and ESI-MS analysis indicate that it can hydrolyze substrates in a unique endolytic manner, producing not only oligosaccharides with Dp of 2–5 but also a large fraction of monosaccharide. Therefore, it may be a potent tool to produce alginate oligosaccharides with lower Dps (degree of polymerization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Fu Hu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Heng Yuan
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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23
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Xie P, Horio F, Fujii I, Zhao J, Shinohara M, Matsukura M. A novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract inhibits cancer progression via JNK, not via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1380-1390. [PMID: 29512724 PMCID: PMC5873927 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been one of the most malignant diseases worldwide. Processes in cancer cells are often mediated by Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and other signaling pathways. Traditional therapies are often problematic. Recently, a novel polysaccharide derived from algae extract was investigated due to the increasing interest in biological activities of compounds from marine organisms. The effect of this novel polysaccharide on human MKN45 gastric carcinoma cells was determined previously. The current aimed to determine whether the polysaccharide affects other types of cancer, and the deeper mechanisms involved in the process. Human MCF-7 breast cancer cells were used to investigate the novel polysaccharide for its role in the cell growth and migration, and determine the mechanisms affected. MTT assay, nuclear staining and fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis demonstrated that the novel polysaccharide reduced the viability of MCF-7 cells by inducing cell apoptosis and arresting the cells at G2/M phase. Results of western blot analysis demonstrated that phosphorylation of JNK and expression of p53, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were upregulated in the polysaccharide-treated MCF-7 cells. SP600125, an inhibitor of JNK, maintained MCF-7 cell viability, prevented cell apoptosis and cycle arrest, and downregulated the polysaccharide-induced protein phosphorylation/expression. However, a migration assay demonstrated that the novel polysaccharide did not change the migration of MCF-7 cells, as well as the expression of p38 MAPK, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2. Taken together, the current study demonstrated that the novel polysaccharide suppressed cancer cell growth, induced cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via JNK signaling, but had no effect on cancer cell migration and p38 MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xie
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0822, Japan
| | - Fukuko Horio
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0822, Japan
| | - Isao Fujii
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0822, Japan
| | - Jien Zhao
- Ashikita Institution for Developmental Disabilities, Ashikita, Kumamoto 869-541, Japan
| | - Makoto Shinohara
- Ashikita Institution for Developmental Disabilities, Ashikita, Kumamoto 869-541, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsukura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0822, Japan
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24
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Characterization of a new endo-type alginate lyase from Vibrio sp. NJU-03. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:1140-1147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Badur AH, Plutz MJ, Yalamanchili G, Jagtap SS, Schweder T, Unfried F, Markert S, Polz MF, Hehemann JH, Rao CV. Exploiting fine-scale genetic and physiological variation of closely related microbes to reveal unknown enzyme functions. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13056-13067. [PMID: 28592491 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.787192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide degradation by marine microbes represents one of the largest and most rapid heterotrophic transformations of organic matter in the environment. Microbes employ systems of complementary carbohydrate-specific enzymes to deconstruct algal or plant polysaccharides (glycans) into monosaccharides. Because of the high diversity of glycan substrates, the functions of these enzymes are often difficult to establish. One solution to this problem may lie within naturally occurring microdiversity; varying numbers of enzymes, due to gene loss, duplication, or transfer, among closely related environmental microbes create metabolic differences akin to those generated by knock-out strains engineered in the laboratory used to establish the functions of unknown genes. Inspired by this natural fine-scale microbial diversity, we show here that it can be used to develop hypotheses guiding biochemical experiments for establishing the role of these enzymes in nature. In this work, we investigated alginate degradation among closely related strains of the marine bacterium Vibrio splendidus One strain, V. splendidus 13B01, exhibited high extracellular alginate lyase activity compared with other V. splendidus strains. To identify the enzymes responsible for this high extracellular activity, we compared V. splendidus 13B01 with the previously characterized V. splendidus 12B01, which has low extracellular activity and lacks two alginate lyase genes present in V. splendidus 13B01. Using a combination of genomics, proteomics, biochemical, and functional screening, we identified a polysaccharide lyase family 7 enzyme that is unique to V. splendidus 13B01, secreted, and responsible for the rapid digestion of extracellular alginate. These results demonstrate the value of querying the enzymatic repertoires of closely related microbes to rapidly pinpoint key proteins with beneficial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet H Badur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Matthew J Plutz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Geethika Yalamanchili
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Sujit Sadashiv Jagtap
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Unfried
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Markert
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin F Polz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences University of Bremen (MARUM), Bremen 28359, Germany; Max Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, Bremen 28359, Germany.
| | - Christopher V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801.
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26
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Enzymatic Properties of Alginate Lyase from Paenibacillus sp. S29. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:1455-1464. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Synthesis and characterization of alginic acid ester derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 171:229-235. [PMID: 28578958 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Esters derivatives of alginic acid (Alg) were prepared in carboxylic acid/carboxylic acid anhydrides system by using aqueous perchloric acid as the catalyst. Degree of substitution of hydroxyl group of Alg was estimated to be 2, showing that the hydroxyl group of Alg was fully esterified. Alg acid esters showed the solubility to common organic solvents such as acetone and chloroform. In particular, alginic acid hexanoate formed self-standing solvent-cast film, although the film showed brittle mechanical behavior. Furthermore, Alg esters showed glass transition temperature (Tg) in a temperature range between 100 and 200°C, that is in the same range as the conventional synthetic amorphous polymers. It was also shown that the Tg gradually lowered with the increasing acyl side chain length. These results show that Alg esters are plastic materials with tunable organosolubility and thermal properties.
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28
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Wang X, Wang L, Li X, Xu Y. Response surface methodology based optimization for degradation of align in Laminaria japonica feedstuff via fermentation by Bacillus in Apostichopus japonicas farming. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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29
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Li S, Wang L, Han F, Gong Q, Yu W. Cloning and characterization of the first polysaccharide lyase family 6 oligoalginate lyase from marine Shewanella sp. Kz7. J Biochem 2015; 159:77-86. [PMID: 26232404 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate, the most abundant carbohydrate in brown macroalgae, is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, alginate has attracted increasing attention, as it may serve as an alternative biomass for the production of biofuel. The degradation of alginate into monomeric units is the prerequisite for bioethanol production. All known oligoalginate lyases belong to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) family 7, 14, 15 and 17, and most of them preferred to degrade the polyM blocks to yield 4-deoxy-l-erythro-5-hexoseulose uronic acid as the primary product. In this study, we cloned an oligoalginate lyase gene, oalS6, from Shewanella sp. Kz7 and expressed it in Escherichia coli. The PL family 6 oligoalginate lyase (OalS6) has no significant sequence similarity with other known oligoalginate lyases. OalS6 contains a chondroitinase-like domain and was assigned to the PL family 6. This lyase is an exo-type oligoalginate lyase and prefer to depolymerize polyG block into 2, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid. All of these results indicate that OalS6 is a novel oligoalginate lyase that is structurally and functionally different from other known oligoalginate lyases. This finding provides new insights into the development of biofuel processing biotechnologies from seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qianhong Gong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wengong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Lu J, Yang H, Hao J, Wu C, Liu L, Xu N, Linhardt RJ, Zhang Z. Impact of hydrolysis conditions on the detection of mannuronic to guluronic acid ratio in alginate and its derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 122:180-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Wang S, Wang J, Mou H, Luo B, Jiang X. Inhibition of adhesion of intestinal pathogens (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella Typhimurium) by common oligosaccharides. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 12:360-5. [PMID: 25692734 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2014.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the binding of pathogenic adhesins to host glycans by suitable oligosaccharides forms the basis of antiadhesion therapies. Experiments were carried out to study the inhibition capability of oligosaccharides on the adhesion of four microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella Typhimurium) to HT-29 cells. Results showed that, in the absence of oligosaccharides, all of the four pathogens efficiently adhered to the cells. Cell adhesion with different bacteria was inhibited by distinct oligosaccharides (e.g., the adhesion number relative to control of V. cholerae could be significantly decreased by pectin oligosaccharide and chitooligosaccharide to about 16.1% and 18.9%, respectively). Saturation studies showed that the extent of antiadhesive effect for most of the suitable carbohydrates was dependent on their concentration. The observations from the study suggest that various carbohydrates may have antiadhesive activity and may be useful in future therapeutic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- 1 Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China , Qingdao, China
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Alginate lyases from alginate-degrading Vibrio splendidus 12B01 are endolytic. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:1865-73. [PMID: 25556193 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03460-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases are enzymes that degrade alginate through β-elimination of the glycosidic bond into smaller oligomers. We investigated the alginate lyases from Vibrio splendidus 12B01, a marine bacterioplankton species that can grow on alginate as its sole carbon source. We identified, purified, and characterized four polysaccharide lyase family 7 alginates lyases, AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE, from V. splendidus 12B01. The four lyases were found to have optimal activity between pH 7.5 and 8.5 and at 20 to 25°C, consistent with their use in a marine environment. AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE were found to exhibit a turnover number (kcat) for alginate of 0.60 ± 0.02 s(-1), 3.7 ± 0.3 s(-1), 4.5 ± 0.5 s(-1), and 7.1 ± 0.2 s(-1), respectively. The Km values of AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE toward alginate were 36 ± 7 μM, 22 ± 5 μM, 60 ± 2 μM, and 123 ± 6 μM, respectively. AlyA and AlyB were found principally to cleave the β-1,4 bonds between β-d-mannuronate and α-l-guluronate and subunits; AlyD and AlyE were found to principally cleave the α-1,4 bonds involving α-l-guluronate subunits. The four alginate lyases degrade alginate into longer chains of oligomers.
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Falkeborg M, Cheong LZ, Gianfico C, Sztukiel KM, Kristensen K, Glasius M, Xu X, Guo Z. Alginate oligosaccharides: Enzymatic preparation and antioxidant property evaluation. Food Chem 2014; 164:185-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Novel agaro-oligosaccharide production through enzymatic hydrolysis: Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Inoue A, Takadono K, Nishiyama R, Tajima K, Kobayashi T, Ojima T. Characterization of an alginate lyase, FlAlyA, from Flavobacterium sp. strain UMI-01 and its expression in Escherichia coli. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4693-712. [PMID: 25153766 PMCID: PMC4145338 DOI: 10.3390/md12084693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A major alginate lyase, FlAlyA, was purified from the periplasmic fraction of an alginate-assimilating bacterium, Flavobacterium sp. strain UMI-01. FlAlyA showed a single band of ~30 kDa on SDS-PAGE and exhibited the optimal temperature and pH at 55 °C and pH 7.7, respectively. Analyses for substrate preference and reaction products indicated that FlAlyA was an endolytic poly(mannuronate) lyase (EC 4.2.2.3). A gene fragment encoding the amino-acid sequence of 288 residues for FlAlyA was amplified by inverse PCR. The N-terminal region of 21 residues except for the initiation Met in the deduced sequence was predicted as the signal peptide and the following region of six residues was regarded as propeptide, while the C-terminal region of 260 residues was regarded as the polysaccharide-lyase-family-7-type catalytic domain. The entire coding region for FlAlyA was subjected to the pCold I—Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expression system and ~eight times higher yield of recombinant FlAlyA (recFlAlyA) than that of native FlAlyA was achieved. The recFlAlyA recovered in the periplasmic fraction of E. coli had lost the signal peptide region along with the N-terminal 3 residues of propeptide region. This suggested that the signal peptide of FlAlyA could function in part in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Inoue
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Kohei Takadono
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Ryuji Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8626, Japan.
| | - Takanori Kobayashi
- Hokkaido Industrial Technology Center, Kikyou, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-0801, Japan.
| | - Takao Ojima
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
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Kim EJ, Fathoni A, Jeong GT, Jeong HD, Nam TJ, Kong IS, Kim JK. Microbacterium oxydans, a novel alginate- and laminarin-degrading bacterium for the reutilization of brown-seaweed waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 130:153-159. [PMID: 24076515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing demand for the efficient treatment of seaweed waste. We identified six bacterial strains from the marine environment for the reutilization of brown-seaweed waste, and the most potentially useful strain, Microbacterium oxydans, was chosen and further investigated. Plate assays indicated that this bacterial isolate possessed both alginate lyase and laminarinase activities. The optimal inoculum size, pH, temperature and substrate concentration for the degradation of brown-seaweed polysaccharides by the isolate were as follows: 20% (v v(-1)), pH 6.0, 37 °C, and 5 g L(-1) for alginate and 20% (v v(-1)), pH 6.0, 30 °C, and 10 g L(-1) for laminarin, respectively. During 6 d in culture under the optimal conditions, the isolate produced 0.17 g L(-1) of reducing sugars from alginate with 11.0 U mL(-1) of maximal alginate lyase activity, and 5.11 and 2.88 g L(-1) of reducing sugars and glucose from laminarin, respectively. In particular, a fair amount of laminarin was degraded to glucose (28.8%) due to the isolate's exolytic laminarinase activity. As a result, the reutilization of brown-seaweed waste by this isolate appears to be possible for the production of reducing sugars as a valuable resource. This is the first study to directly demonstrate the ability of M. oxydans to degrade both alginate and laminarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
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37
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Thomas F, Lundqvist LCE, Jam M, Jeudy A, Barbeyron T, Sandström C, Michel G, Czjzek M. Comparative characterization of two marine alginate lyases from Zobellia galactanivorans reveals distinct modes of action and exquisite adaptation to their natural substrate. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23021-37. [PMID: 23782694 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.467217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell walls of brown algae are complex supramolecular assemblies containing various original, sulfated, and carboxylated polysaccharides. Among these, the major marine polysaccharide component, alginate, represents an important biomass that is successfully turned over by the heterotrophic marine bacteria. In the marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans, the catabolism and uptake of alginate are encoded by operon structures that resemble the typical Bacteroidetes polysaccharide utilization locus. The genome of Z. galactanivorans contains seven putative alginate lyase genes, five of which are localized within two clusters comprising additional carbohydrate-related genes. This study reports on the detailed biochemical and structural characterization of two of these. We demonstrate here that AlyA1PL7 is an endolytic guluronate lyase, and AlyA5 cleaves unsaturated units, α-L-guluronate or β-D-manuronate residues, at the nonreducing end of oligo-alginates in an exolytic fashion. Despite a common jelly roll-fold, these striking differences of the mode of action are explained by a distinct active site topology, an open cleft in AlyA1(PL7), whereas AlyA5 displays a pocket topology due to the presence of additional loops partially obstructing the catalytic groove. Finally, in contrast to PL7 alginate lyases from terrestrial bacteria, both enzymes proceed according to a calcium-dependent mechanism suggesting an exquisite adaptation to their natural substrate in the context of brown algal cell walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Thomas
- University of Marie and Pierre Curie Paris 6, UMR 7139, Marine Plants and Biomolecules, Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29682 Roscoff, Brittany, France
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38
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He X, Li R, Huang G, Hwang HM, Jiang X. Influence of marine oligosaccharides on the response of various biological systems to UV irradiation. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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39
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Jonathan MC, Bosch G, Schols HA, Gruppen H. Separation and identification of individual alginate oligosaccharides in the feces of alginate-fed pigs. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:553-560. [PMID: 23249258 DOI: 10.1021/jf304338z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to develop a method for analyzing specific alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) in a complex matrix such as pig feces. The data obtained were used to study alginate degradation by the microbiota in the large intestine during adaptation, including the individual variation between pigs. A method using an UHPLC system with an ethylene bridged hybrid (BEH) amide column coupled with MS(n) detection was able to distinguish saturated and unsaturated AOS with DP 2-10. Isomers of unsaturated trimer and tetramer could be separated and annotated. In the feces, saturated and unsaturated AOS were present. The presence of unsaturated AOS indicates that the microbiota produced alginate lyase. The microbiota utilized unsaturated AOS more than saturated AOS. The results also suggested that guluronic acid at the reducing end of AOS inhibits the utilization by microbiota during the first weeks of adaptation. After adaptation, the microbiota was able to utilize a broader range of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melliana C Jonathan
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Efficient bioconversion of quercetin into a novel glycoside by Streptomyces rimosus subsp. rimosus ATCC 10970. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 115:24-6. [PMID: 22920589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Incubation of quercetin with Streptomyces rimosus subsp. rimosus ATCC 10970 yielded an unusual glycosylated derivative. The structure of the product was determined to be quercetin-7-O-β-4″-deoxy-hex-4″-enopyranosiduronic acid based on the spectral data. Quercetin was completely converted into the glycoside in 72 h.
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41
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Lundqvist LC, Jam M, Barbeyron T, Czjzek M, Sandström C. Substrate specificity of the recombinant alginate lyase from the marine bacteria Pseudomonas alginovora. Carbohydr Res 2012; 352:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Augmented production of alginate oligosaccharides by the Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 mutant. Carbohydr Res 2012; 352:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Wargacki AJ, Leonard E, Win MN, Regitsky DD, Santos CNS, Kim PB, Cooper SR, Raisner RM, Herman A, Sivitz AB, Lakshmanaswamy A, Kashiyama Y, Baker D, Yoshikuni Y. An engineered microbial platform for direct biofuel production from brown macroalgae. Science 2012; 335:308-13. [PMID: 22267807 DOI: 10.1126/science.1214547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Prospecting macroalgae (seaweeds) as feedstocks for bioconversion into biofuels and commodity chemical compounds is limited primarily by the availability of tractable microorganisms that can metabolize alginate polysaccharides. Here, we present the discovery of a 36-kilo-base pair DNA fragment from Vibrio splendidus encoding enzymes for alginate transport and metabolism. The genomic integration of this ensemble, together with an engineered system for extracellular alginate depolymerization, generated a microbial platform that can simultaneously degrade, uptake, and metabolize alginate. When further engineered for ethanol synthesis, this platform enables bioethanol production directly from macroalgae via a consolidated process, achieving a titer of 4.7% volume/volume and a yield of 0.281 weight ethanol/weight dry macroalgae (equivalent to ~80% of the maximum theoretical yield from the sugar composition in macroalgae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Wargacki
- Bio Architecture Lab, 604 Bancroft Way, Suite A, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
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44
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Sorption of anionic polysaccharides by cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:695-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Hamza A, Piao YL, Kim MS, Choi CH, Zhan CG, Cho H. Insight into the binding of the wild type and mutated alginate lyase (AlyVI) with its substrate: a computational and experimental study. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:1739-47. [PMID: 21945375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The homology model of the wild type alginate lyase (AlyVI) marine bacterium Vibrio sp. protein, was built using the crystal structure of the Family 7 alginate lyase from Sphingomonas sp. A1. To rationalize the observed structure-affinity relationships of aliginate lyase alyVI with its (GGG) substrate, molecular docking, MD imulations and binding free energy calculations followed by site-directed mutagenesis and alyVI activity assays were carried out. Per-residue decomposition of the (GGG) binding energy revealed that the most important contributions were from polar and charged residues, such as Asn138, Arg143, Asn217, and Lys308, while van der Waals interactions were responsible for binding with the catalytic His200 and Tyr312 residues. The mutants H200A, K308A, Y312A, Y312F, and W165A were found to be inactive or almost inactive. However, the catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) of the double mutant L224V/D226G increased by two-fold compared to the wild type enzyme. This first structural model with its substrate binding mode and the agreement with experimental results provide a suitable base for the future rational design of new mutated alyVI structures with improved catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Hamza
- Research Centre for Resistant Cells, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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47
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Saccharification of alginate by using exolytic oligoalginate lyase from marine bacterium Sphingomonas sp. MJ-3. J IND ENG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Tang J, Zhou Q, Chu H, Nagata S. Characterization of alginase and elicitor-active oligosaccharides from Gracilibacillus A7 in alleviating salt stress for Brassica campestris L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7896-901. [PMID: 21696216 DOI: 10.1021/jf201793s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Alginase was purified from Gracilibacillus A7 and evaluated for its ability to produce elicitor-active oligosaccharides. The optimum conditions for the alginase reaction are as follows: temperature, 40 °C; pH, 8.0; alginate content, 0.3-0.7%; and the presence of Na(+) and Mg(2+) metal ions. The degree of polymerization (DP) decreased as the reaction time of the alginase progressed, achieving values of 5.4 and 3.3 after 240 and 300 min, respectively. The relative root length (RRL) of the Brassica campestris L. increased with the addition of oligosaccharides with reduced DP values. The oligosaccharides with lower DP values are effective in reducing the effect of salt stress on the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and oligosaccharides with moderate DP values can reduce the increase in lipid peroxidation activities (as malondialdehyde content) induced by salt stress. These results suggest that oligosaccharides may act as osmoprotective agents during the plant germination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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49
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Guo W, Song C, Kong M, Geng W, Wang Y, Wang S. Simultaneous production and characterization of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates and alginate oligosaccharides by Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 92:791-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Complete genome of Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01, which synthesizes medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates and alginate oligosaccharides. J Bacteriol 2011; 193:3413-4. [PMID: 21551299 DOI: 10.1128/jb.05068-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01 can synthesize medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA(MCL)) and alginate oligosaccharides (AO) simultaneously from glucose under conditions of limited nitrogen. Here, we report the complete sequence of the 5.4-Mbp genome of Pseudomonas mendocina NK-01, which was isolated from farmland soil in Tianjin, China.
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