1
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Shao S, Si X, Zhang Y, Li J, Tu P, Zhang Q. Multiple fingerprint and pattern recognition analysis on polysaccharides of four edible mushrooms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129236. [PMID: 38184032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Quality analysis of edible mushrooms based on polysaccharides is generally difficult due to their complicated structures and hard separation. Here, multiple fingerprint analysis of polysaccharides based on chromatographic and spectrometric techniques were developed, and then applied in comparative analysis of Auricularia heimuer (AH), Auricularia cornea (AC), Auricularia cornea 'Yu Muer' (ACY) and Tremella fuciformis (TF). Firstly, polysaccharides were obtained with the molecular weights between 1.783 × 106 and 6.774 × 106 Da. Then, complete hydrolysis by TFA and enzyme digestion by cellulase were employed and subsequently analyzed by HPLC-UV, GC-MS, HILIC-HPLC-ELSD and HILIC-HPLC-ESI--HCD-MS/MS, and ATR-FT-IR were used to characterize the functional groups of intact polysaccharides. By chemometric analysis, differential markers of d-xyl, l-fuc, l-arb, d-glc, disaccharide and hexasaccharide were selected, and AC and ACY were proved to be same species from the viewpoint of polysaccharides firstly. Furthermore, the structures of oligomers with DPs of 2-8 and →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→ unit with different contents were inferred by combinatory analysis of ESI--MS/MS, glycosidic linkage, monosaccharide compositions and functional groups. In conclusion, the combinatory method of multiple fingerprint and pattern recognition is powerful not only for structural elucidation of polysaccharides, but also for quality analysis and species differentiation of edible mushrooms from the perspective of biological polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiali Si
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yingtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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2
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Eswar K, Mukherjee S, Ganesan P, Kumar Rengan A. Immunomodulatory Natural Polysaccharides: An Overview of the Mechanisms Involved. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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3
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Yan Y, Wang M, Chen N, Wang X, Fu C, Li Y, Gan X, Lv P, Zhang Y. Isolation, structures, bioactivities, application and future prospective for polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1091210. [PMID: 36569950 PMCID: PMC9773546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, Tremella aurantialba has been proposed to have medicinal and food benefits. Modern phytochemistry and pharmacological studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides, the main components from T. aurantialba appear to be an all-round talent resisting a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and protecting against different types of tumors, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. These health and pharmacological benefits have gained much attention from scholars around the world. Further, more and more methods for polysaccharides extraction, purification, structure identification have been proposed. Significantly, the bioactivity of fungus polysaccharides is affected by many factors such as extraction and purification conditions and chemical structure. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the isolation, structural features and biological effects of polysaccharides derived from T. aurantialba, covers recent advances in the field and outlines future research and applications of these polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengtian Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenghao Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuemin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoruo Gan
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
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4
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Dai C, Huang X, Sun J, Tian X, Aheto JH, Niu S. Development of a portable electronic nose for
in‐situ
detection of submerged fermentation of
Tremella aurantialba. J Food Saf 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Dai
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
- Changzhou Qianjing Rehabilitation Co., Ltd. Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Sun
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Joshua H. Aheto
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Shuai Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
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5
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Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P. Classification, structure and mechanism of antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal fungus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1753-1773. [PMID: 34048833 PMCID: PMC8144117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The deficiency of chemical-synthesized antiviral drugs when applied in clinical therapy, such as drug resistance, and the lack of effective antiviral drugs to treat some newly emerging virus infections, such as COVID-19, promote the demand of novelty and safety anti-virus drug candidate from natural functional ingredient. Numerous studies have shown that some polysaccharides sourcing from edible and medicinal fungus (EMFs) exert direct or indirect anti-viral capacities. However, the internal connection of fungus type, polysaccharides structural characteristics, action mechanism was still unclear. Herein, our review focus on the two aspects, on the one hand, we discussed the type of anti-viral EMFs and the structural characteristics of polysaccharides to clarify the structure-activity relationship, on the other hand, the directly or indirectly antiviral mechanism of EMFs polysaccharides, including virus function suppression, immune-modulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, regulation of population balance of gut microbiota have been concluded to provide a comprehensive theory basis for better clinical utilization of EMFs polysaccharides as anti-viral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Product Processing Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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6
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Wang L, Wu Q, Zhao J, Lan X, Yao K, Jia D. Physicochemical and rheological properties of crude polysaccharides extracted from Tremella fuciformis with different methods. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2021.1884607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qin Wu
- Quality Control Department, Chongqing Haodama Food Co. Ltd, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xuyue Lan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kai Yao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dongying Jia
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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7
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Yeast exopolysaccharides and their physiological functions. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021; 66:171-182. [PMID: 33604744 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicated the capability of various microorganisms in biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPSs). A wide range of evidence extensively investigated the ability of bacterial species for EPS synthesis and their favorable effects, so little is known regarding yeast species. Many factors like composition of growth media and fermentation conditions are related to the structural and physical properties of EPSs. The EPS protects the producer yeast strain against extreme environment. Researchers proposed that yeast EPSs have priority over bacterial EPSs because of high yields of EPS biosynthesis and easy separation methods from growth media. Besides, they have drawn increasing attention due to their interesting biological activities, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics applications. Although a limited number of studies exist, this review aims to highlight the EPS structure and various applications of known yeast species in detail.
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8
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Qu Y, Zhao X, Guo H, Meng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Sun L. Structural analysis and macrophage activation of a novel β‑glucan isolated from Cantharellus cibarius. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:50. [PMID: 33576436 PMCID: PMC7891825 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the structure and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide. A novel acidic β-glucan (WCCP-A-b; molecular weight, 7.3 kDa) was purified from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Cantharellus cibarius, which possesses high nutritional values. WCCP-A-b was composed primarily of glucose (89.7%) and glucuronic acid (8.8%). Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis suggested that WCCP-A-b contained β-D-1,6-glucan as its main chain, which was substituted at O-3 by β-1,3-D-Glcp oligosaccharides or a single-unit of β-Glcp residues. Minor β-1,4-D-GlcpA residues may also be present in the side chains. The degree of branching was ~20.9%. Moreover, WCCP-A-b possessed a macrophage activating effect by promoting the secretion of nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-6 in a dose-dependent manner. At a cellular mechanistic level, WCCP-A-b activated macrophages via the MAPK signaling pathway. The present results provided useful information for supporting further investigations on the structure-activity association of polysaccharides from C. cibarius, and indicated that the novel β-glucan may be a potent natural immunomodulator, thus promoting the application of C. cibarius as a valuable source for functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Qu
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Huijun Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yue Meng
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Lin Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
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9
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Sun T, Wang R, Sun D, Li S, Xu H, Qiu Y, Lei P, Sun L, Xu X, Zhu Y. High-efficiency production of Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide through basidiospore fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124268. [PMID: 33099097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a spore fermentation method instead of fruiting body extraction for the production of Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide (TAPS). The purified spore strain Tremella aurantialba NX-20 was isolated for TAPS fermentation. The fermented TAPS and the extracted TAPS had the same monosaccharide composition but higher molecular weight. The conditions for TAPS fermentation by NX-20 were optimized, which were 25 °C, pH 7, 10% initial inoculum and 5 days. To further reduce the processing steps and costs of the medium, tofu wastewater (TW) was used to replace defatted soybean meal (DSM). In a 7.5 L fermentation tank, 40 g/L glucose with 10-fold diluted TW was used as the medium. For TAPS fermentation, a maximum yield of 15.02 ± 0.40 g/L was achieved. In conclusion, this study provides a feasible strategy for the efficient preparation of TAPS through spore fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dafeng Sun
- Kunming Edible Fungi Institute of All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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10
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Isolation, characterization and cytoprotective effects against UV radiation of exopolysaccharide produced from Paenibacillus polymyxa PYQ1. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:283-289. [PMID: 32507385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Paenibacillus polymyxa PYQ1 was extracted, well purified and characterized. This EPS was homogeneous glucomannan-type polysaccharide with the average molecular weight of 4.38 × 106 Da. Structural characterization indicated that the monosaccharides of EPS were pyranoses connected by β-glycosidic linkages. Furthermore, our results showed the protective benefits of EPS against UVC induced cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells through scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species, mitigating the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, improving catalase activity and maintaining membrane integrity. Taken together, this study qualified EPS from P. polymyxa PYQ1 was a promising natural polymer which worth further investigation as a skin-care agent.
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11
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Immunoenhancing glucuronoxylomannan from Tremella aurantialba Bandoni et Zang and its low-molecular-weight fractions by radical depolymerization: Properties, structures and effects on macrophages. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Gao Y, Yang X, Zheng W, Gao M, Gao Q, Xu D. Preparation, characterization, and cytokine-stimulating activity of oligosaccharides from Tremella fuciformis Berk. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13212. [PMID: 32301136 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Tremella fuciformis Berk polysaccharides (TP) have significant cytokine-stimulating activity and low oral bioavailability owing to their large molecular volume. Identifying and studying the smallest active structure of TP can potentially be beneficial for further utilization and research, therefore, TP was hydrolyzed and fractionated to obtain its (1→3)-mannan backbone fragments. The fragments were further isolated by ion-exchange resin, ultrafiltration, gel, and HPLC chromatography, and three oligosaccharide fractions, named TL4-1, TL4-2, TL4-3, were obtained. According to the determination of their physicochemical properties, they were composed of Man, and after methylation analysis they were mainly characterized as (1→3)-mannan oligosaccharides with a straight chain. TL4-1 contained di-, trisaccharides, TL4-2 included tetra-, penta-saccharides, and TL4-3 was made up of hex-, hepta-, octa-saccharides, according to LC-ESI/MS analysis. Cytokine stimulation experiments showed that the degree of polymerization (DP) should be more than six to maintain the activity of mannosan. Therefore, the smallest active unit of oligo-mannose was determined. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This paper reports the physical and chemical parameters, structure and biological potential of oligosaccharides from T. fuciformis Berk, a common edible fungus. Tremella has been used as an improving immunity drug in China with good effect. Oligosaccharides are more easily digested and utilized by human body, and maintain good activity. These results can increase people's interest in the product, and thus have a positive impact on the oligosaccharides of Tremella as health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- The Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Miaomiao Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qipin Gao
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
| | - Duoduo Xu
- Jilin Institute of Ginseng Science, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Dao-di Herbs in Changbai Mountain, Changchun, China
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13
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Dai C, Huang X, Huang D, Lv R, Sun J, Zhang Z, Aheto JH. Real‐time detection of saponin content during the fermentation process of
Tremella aurantialba
using a homemade artificial olfaction system. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Dai
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
- School of Electrical and Information EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Daming Huang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Riqin Lv
- School of Biological Science and Food EngineeringChuzhou University Chuzhou Anhui China
| | - Jun Sun
- School of Electrical and Information EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Zhicai Zhang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
| | - Joshua H. Aheto
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu China
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14
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Structure, bioactivities and applications of the polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis mushroom: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 121:1005-1010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Liu Y, Su P, Xu J, Chen S, Zhang J, Zhou S, Wang Y, Tang Q, Wang Y. Structural characterization of a bioactive water-soluble heteropolysaccharide from Nostoc sphaeroids kütz. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 200:552-559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Injury Rehabilitation of Chemically Modified Polysaccharide (TAPA1) from Tremella aurantialba. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Chen Y, Du XJ, Zhang Y, Liu XH, Wang XD. Ultrasound extraction optimization, structural features, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:674-684. [PMID: 28786242 PMCID: PMC5565515 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasonic-assisted technique was employed to extract crude polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies. Single-factor tests and orthogonal experimental design (L9(33)) were used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: ultrasonic temperature, 40 °C; ultrasonic time, 50 min; water to raw material ratio, 25 ml/g; ultrasonic frequency, 45 kHz; and ultrasonic power, 100 W. Three novel T. matsutake polysaccharide (TMP) fractions (TMP30, TMP60, and TMP80) were isolated and purified from TMP by stepwise alcohol precipitation. Their preliminary structural features were determined by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed-amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) analyses. Furthermore, their in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated in terms of a reducing power assay and the scavenging rates of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. The order of the various fractions based on their antioxidant activity was TMP80>TMP>TMP60>TMP30. These findings suggested that novel polysaccharide fractions from T. matsutake, especially TMP80, could be promising active macromolecules for biomedical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xiu-ju Du
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xin-hua Liu
- Agricultural Science Institute of Liaocheng, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Xuan-dong Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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18
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Structure elucidation of a non-branched and entangled heteropolysaccharide from Tremella sanguinea Peng and its antioxidant activity. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Deng C, Sun Y, Fu H, Zhang S, Chen J, Xu X. Antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of polysaccharides extracted from Tremella aurantialba mycelia. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4857-4864. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Lima AT, Santos MN, de Souza LA, Pinheiro TS, Paiva AA, Dore CM, Costa MS, Santos ND, Baseia YG, Araújo RM, Leite EL. Chemical characteristics of a heteropolysaccharide from Tylopilus ballouii mushroom and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 144:400-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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21
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Ferreira SS, Passos CP, Madureira P, Vilanova M, Coimbra MA. Structure-function relationships of immunostimulatory polysaccharides: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:378-96. [PMID: 26256362 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 638] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulatory polysaccharides are compounds capable of interacting with the immune system and enhance specific mechanisms of the host response. Glucans, mannans, pectic polysaccharides, arabinogalactans, fucoidans, galactans, hyaluronans, fructans, and xylans are polysaccharides with reported immunostimulatory activity. The structural features that have been related with such activity are the monosaccharide and glycosidic-linkage composition, conformation, molecular weight, functional groups, and branching characteristics. However, the establishment of structure-function relationships is possible only if purified and characterized polysaccharides are used and selective structural modifications performed. Aiming at contributing to the definition of the structure-function relationships necessary to design immunostimulatory polysaccharides with potential for preventive or therapeutical purposes or to be recognized as health-improving ingredients in functional foods, this review introduces basic immunological concepts required to understand the mechanisms that rule the potential claimed immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides and critically presents a literature survey on the structural features of the polysaccharides and reported immunostimulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Ferreira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia P Passos
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Madureira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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22
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Du X, Zhang Y, Mu H, Lv Z, Yang Y, Zhang J. Structural elucidation and antioxidant activity of a novel polysaccharide (TAPB1) from Tremella aurantialba. Food Hydrocoll 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Asker MMS, EL Sayed OH, Mahmoud MG, Ramadan MF. Chemical structure and antioxidant activity of a new exopolysaccharide produced from Micrococcus luteus. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Zhao H, Wang Q, Sun Y, Yang B, Wang Z, Chai G, Guan Y, Zhu W, Shu Z, Lei X, Kuang H. Purification, characterization and immunomodulatory effects of Plantago depressa polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 112:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Shi L, Dong Q, Ding K. Structure elucidation and immunomodulatory activity in vitro of a xylan from roots of Cudrania tricuspidata. Food Chem 2014; 152:291-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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He J, Zhang A, Ru Q, Dong D, Sun P. Structural characterization of a water-soluble polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Agaricus bisporus. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:787-97. [PMID: 24406732 PMCID: PMC3907838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15010787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
An edible fungal polysaccharide termed as ABP was obtained by extraction with hot water, and followed successive chromatographic purification using DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephacryl S-300 High-Resolution column. A symmetrical peak was obtained on high-performance size-exclusion chromatography with an average molecular weight of 5.17 × 104 Da, which was named ABP, and its main components were D-glucose and D-mannose. Based on the study of methylation analysis, along with FT-IR, GC, GC-MS, 1D 1H and 13C NMR and 2D NMR (H-HCOSY, TOCSY, HMQC, and NOESY), its chemical structure was featured with a repeating unit (1→6) linking β-D-Glcp as the main backbone with (1→4)-linked α-D-Manp units. The structure of the mainly repeating units of ABP was established as: →6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Manp(1→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhe He
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Anqiang Zhang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Qiaomei Ru
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Dandan Dong
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
| | - Peilong Sun
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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27
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Chemical modification of an acidic polysaccharide (TAPA1) from Tremella aurantialba and potential biological activities. Food Chem 2014; 143:336-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Du X, Mu H, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Zhu X. Chemical analysis and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Inonotus obliquus sclerotia. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:691-6. [PMID: 24145301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Three water-soluble polysaccharide fractions (IOP40, IOP60 and IOP80) were isolated by using different concentrations of alcohol precipitation from Inonotus obliquus sclerotia. Their physicochemical properties, including total sugar content, protein content, monosaccharide composition and percentage were analyzed. And their in vitro antioxidant capacities were investigated in terms of reducing power assay and scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In general, three polysaccharide fractions exhibited increasing antioxidant activity with increasing concentration at the ranges of tested dosage. The orders of reducing power, DPPH-scavenging capacity, H2O2-scavenging capacity, and hydroxyl-scavenging activity were all IOP60>IOP40>IOP80. These findings demonstrated that three polysaccharide fractions extracted from I. obliquus, especially IOP60, could be employed as natural ingredients in functional food and pharmaceutical industry to alleviate the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiuJu Du
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China.
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29
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Li Z, Jiang D, Bi H, Liu D, Jang S, Zhou Y. Preparation of a Novel Glucuronomannan from Auricularia Auricala and its Immunological Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200701124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A glucuronomannan (AA-4-H, Mw around 4 KDa) was prepared from the fruit bodies of Auricularia auricala by extraction with hot water, deproteination by Sevag reagent, stepwise precipitation with ethanol and partial acid hydrolysis. Monosaccharides analysis revealed that AA-4-H consisted of 91% mannose (Man) and 9% glucuronic acid (GlcA). FT-IR, NMR and methylation analyses indicated that AA-4-H is a branched glucuronomannan. Its main chains are composed of 1, 3-linked α-Man p, side chains are single α-Man p or α-GlcA residues attached to the O-2 and O-6 of Man residues of the main chains. Bioassay indicated that AA-4-H remarkably enhanced B lymphocyte proliferation and increased the production of nitric oxide of macrophages in vitro. Thus, glucuronomannan AA-4-H could be explored as a potential immunostimulation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Dan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 130024, PR China
| | - Dazheng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Sungju Jang
- Drug Department, Ham Hung Pharmaceutical University, DPRK
| | - Yifa Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
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30
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31
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Xu S, Xu X, Zhang L. Branching structure and chain conformation of water-soluble glucan extracted from Auricularia auricula-judae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:3498-3506. [PMID: 22404892 DOI: 10.1021/jf300423z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble neutral polysaccharide (AF1) was extracted from Auricularia (A.) auricula-judae with 0.15 M aqueous NaCl at 80-100 °C. Its chemical components and structure were analyzed by GC, GC-MS, and NMR. AF1 was identified as a β-(1→3)-D-glucan with two β-(1→6)-D-glucosyl residues for every three main chain glucose residues, showing a comb-branched structure. The M(w) values of AF1 in both aqueous solution and DMSO determined by LLS and SEC-LLS were in the narrow range of 2.07-2.15 × 10(6), indicating AF1 existed as single chains in the two solvents. The high intrinsic viscosity [η] of 1753 mL/g and the structure-sensitive parameter ρ (≡R(g)/R(h)) value of 2.3 in water revealed that AF1 existed as stiff chain conformation. Moreover, we directly observed the extended stiff chain conformation by AFM. The branching structure led to the water solubility of AF1, and the intramolecular hydrogen bonds sustained the stiff chain conformation. The rheological results showed that this polysaccharide aqueous solution had higher viscosity than even xanthan, a pronounced thickening agent. This work provided important information for developing new thickeners in food fields, and how neutral polysaccharides can be used as good candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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32
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Effect of the molecular mass of tremella polysaccharides on accelerated recovery from cyclophosphamide-induced leucopenia in rats. Molecules 2012; 17:3609-17. [PMID: 22447024 PMCID: PMC6268970 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17043609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The body of tremella were decocted with water, and hydrolyzed with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid for different times, giving tremella polysaccharides with six molecular mass values. The structures of all the tremella polysaccharides had non-reducing terminals of β-D-pyranglucuronide, the backbone was composed of (1 → 3)-linked β-D-manno-pyranoside, and the side chain composed of (1 → 6)-linked β-D-xylopyranoside was attached to the C(2) of the backbone mannopyranoside. Immunomodulatory effect studies indicated that tremella polysaccharides increased the counts of leukocytes in the peripheral blood which were significantly lowered by cyclophosphamide, and the lower the molecular mass of the tremella polysaccharide, the better this effect was.
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33
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Yin J, Lin H, Li J, Wang Y, Cui SW, Nie S, Xie M. Structural characterization of a highly branched polysaccharide from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Chen Y, Mao W, Yang Y, Teng X, Zhu W, Qi X, Chen Y, Zhao C, Hou Y, Wang C, Li N. Structure and antioxidant activity of an extracellular polysaccharide from coral-associated fungus, Aspergillus versicolor LCJ-5-4. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:218-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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35
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Chen Y, Mao W, Tao H, Zhu W, Qi X, Chen Y, Li H, Zhao C, Yang Y, Hou Y, Wang C, Li N. Structural characterization and antioxidant properties of an exopolysaccharide produced by the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8179-84. [PMID: 21733681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous exopolysaccharide, designated As1-1, was obtained from the culture medium of the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16 and purified by anion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) spectroscopy showed that As1-1 was mainly composed of mannose with small amounts of galactose, and that its molecular weight was about 15 kDa. The backbone of As1-1 mainly consists of (1→2)-linked α-d-mannopyranose units, substituted at C-6 by the (1→6)-linked α-d-mannopyranose, (1→)-linked β-d-galactofuranose and (1→)-linked β-d-mannopyranose units. As1-1 possessed good in vitro antioxidant activity as evaluated by scavenging assays involving 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals. The investigation demonstrated that As1-1 is an exopolysaccharide different from those of other marine microorganisms, and could be a potential antioxidant and food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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36
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Zhao X, Hu Y, Wang D, Guo L, Yang S, Fan Y, Zhao B, Wang Y, Abula S. Optimization of sulfated modification conditions of tremella polysaccharide and effects of modifiers on cellular infectivity of NDV. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 49:44-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Shi L, Fu Y. Isolation, purification, and immunomodulatory activity in vitro of three polysaccharides from roots of Cudrania tricuspidata. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2011; 43:418-24. [PMID: 21467071 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmr024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three water-soluble polysaccharides (CTPS-1A, CTPS-2B, and CTPS-3A) were obtained from roots of Cudrania tricuspidata (Carr.) Bur. in this study. The homogeneity of polysaccharides was determined, and the average molecular weight, ultraviolet, infrared, monosaccharide composition, and methylation analyses were carried out. Immunomodulatory activity assays in vitro showed that the three polysaccharides could directly stimulate the proliferation of mouse splenocytes alone or combining with concanavalin A or lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, their stimulating activities were higher than that of the widely clinically used lentinan at optimal concentrations. CTPS-1A and CTPS-2B also enhanced the pinocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
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38
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Du XJ, Zhang JS, Yang Y, Tang QJ, Jia W, Pan YJ. Purification, chemical modification and immunostimulating activity of polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba fruit bodies. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 11:437-42. [PMID: 20506575 PMCID: PMC2880357 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0900402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafiltration and a series of chromatographic steps were used to isolate and purify polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba fruit bodies. Three crude fractions (TAP50w, TAP10-50w, and TAP1-10w), five semi-purified fractions (TAPA-TAPE), and one purified fraction (TAPA1) were obtained. A sulfated derivative of TAPA1 (TAPA1-s) was prepared by chemical modification. The immunostimulating activity of the polysaccharide fractions in vitro was determined using the mouse spleen lymphocyte proliferation assay. Of the three crude fractions tested, cell proliferation rates were increased most by TAP50w. Furthermore, TAPA1-s was markedly more stimulatory than TAPA1, indicating that sulfonation was an effective way to enhance the immunostimulating activity of polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-ju Du
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jing-song Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Qing-jiu Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China
| | - Ying-jie Pan
- College of Food Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200090, China
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39
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Wang JH, Zha XQ, Luo JP, Yang XF. An acetylated galactomannoglucan from the stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1023-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 02/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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