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Iñiguez-Moreno M, Pizaña-Aranda JJP, Ramírez-Gamboa D, Ramírez-Herrera CA, Araújo RG, Flores-Contreras EA, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldívar R, Melchor-Martínez EM. Enhancing pectin extraction from orange peel through citric acid-assisted optimization based on a dual response. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130230. [PMID: 38373564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Pectin is widely used in several products in the industry. Conventionally, strong and harmful acids are used for its extraction. This study optimized the extraction of orange peel's pectin using citric acid, considering yield and degree of esterification (DE) as response variables. Proximal analyses were performed, and the samples were subjected to a Box-Behnken design on three central points, considering as variables the temperature, time, and pH. The results of proximate analyses of the orange peels revealed 11.76 % moisture content, 87.26 % volatiles, 0.09 % ash, 50.45 % soluble carbohydrates, 70.60 % total carbohydrates, 0.89 % fixed carbon, 5.35 % lipids, and 36.75 mg GAE/g of phenolic compounds. The resulting second-order polynomial model described the relation of the input and output variables related to each other. The best performance to obtain a higher yield (18.18 %) of high methoxyl pectin (DE 50 %) was set at 100 °C/30 min/pH 2.48. Pectin showed antioxidant properties by ABTS and DPPH assays and similar thermal properties to the commercial polymer. Its equivalent weight was 1219.51 mol/g, and the methoxyl and anhydrouronic acid were 2.23 and 67.10 %, respectively. Hence, pectin extraction with citric acid results in a high-quality polymer and could be used as a gelling agent, stabilizer, or texturizer in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricarmen Iñiguez-Moreno
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - José Juan Pablo Pizaña-Aranda
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - Diana Ramírez-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | | | - Rafael G Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda A Flores-Contreras
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico
| | - Elda M Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School and Engineering and Science, 64849, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute of Advanced Materials for Sustainable Manufacturing, 64849, Mexico.
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2
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Dantas-Berto ILO, Viana RLS, de Medeiros MJC, Nobre LTDB, Luchiari AC, Medeiros VP, Paiva WS, Melo-Silveira RF, Rocha HAO. Toward Enhanced Antioxidant and Protective Potential: Conjugation of Corn Cob Xylan with Gallic Acid as a Novel Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2855. [PMID: 38474103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Maize ranks as the second most widely produced crop globally, yielding approximately 1.2 billion tons, with corn cob being its primary byproduct, constituting 18 kg per 100 kg of corn. Agricultural corn production generates bioactive polysaccharide-rich byproducts, including xylan (Xyl). In this study, we used the redox method to modify corn cob xylan with gallic acid, aiming to enhance its antioxidant and protective capacity against oxidative stress. The conjugation process resulted in a new molecule termed conjugated xylan-gallic acid (Xyl-GA), exhibiting notable improvements in various antioxidant parameters, including total antioxidant capacity (1.4-fold increase), reducing power (1.2-fold increase), hydroxyl radical scavenging (1.6-fold increase), and cupric chelation (27.5-fold increase) when compared with unmodified Xyl. At a concentration of 1 mg/mL, Xyl-GA demonstrated no cytotoxicity, significantly increased fibroblast cell viability (approximately 80%), and effectively mitigated intracellular ROS levels (reduced by 100%) following oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Furthermore, Xyl-GA exhibited non-toxicity toward zebrafish embryos, offered protection against H2O2-induced stress, and reduced the rate of cells undergoing apoptosis resulting from H2O2 exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Xyl-GA possesses potential therapeutic value in addressing oxidative stress-related disturbances. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the molecular structure of this novel compound and establish correlations with its pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Luna Oliveira Dantas-Berto
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Rony Lucas Silva Viana
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Mayara Jane Campos de Medeiros
- Coordination Chemistry and Polymers Laboratory (LQCPol), Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto Nobre
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Luchiari
- Laboratory of Ornamental Fish, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Weslley Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Graduate Program of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
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Chen H, Wu Y, Wang B, Kui M, Xu J, Ma H, Li J, Zeng J, Gao W, Chen K. Skin healthcare protection with antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activity of polysaccharide purification from Bletilla striata. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130016. [PMID: 38365139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the structural characterization and biological activities of Bletilla striata polysaccharides (BSPs) for their role as antioxidants and anti-melanogenesis agents in skin healthcare protection. Three neutral polysaccharides (BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3) with molecular weights of 269.121 kDa, 57.389 kDa, and 28.153 kDa were extracted and purified. Their structural characteristics were analyzed by ion chromatography, GC-MS, and 1D/2D NMR. The results showed that BSP-1, which constitutes the major part of BSPs, was composed of α-D-Glcp, β-D-Glcp, β-D-Manp, and 2-O-acetyl-β-D-Manp, with the branched-chain accompanied by β-D-Galp and α-D-Glcp. BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 can enhance the total antioxidant capacity of skin fibroblasts with non-toxicity. Meanwhile, BSP-1, BSP-2, and BSP-3 could significantly inhibit the proliferative activity of melanoma cells. Among them, BSP-1 and BSP-2 showed more significance in anti-melanogenesis, tyrosinase inhibition activity, and cell migration inhibition. BSPs have effective antioxidant capacity and anti-melanogenesis effects, which should be further emphasized and developed as skin protection components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yan Wu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Minghong Kui
- Guangdong Guanhao High-Tech Co., Ltd., No. 313 Donghai Avenue, Donghai Island, Zhanjiang 524072, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongsheng Ma
- Guangdong Guanhao New Material R & D Co., Ltd., Xiangjiang Financial Business Center, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511457, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenhua Gao
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Kefu Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, No. 100, West Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Kim HW, Ko MK, Park SH, Shin S, Kim GS, Kwak DY, Park JH, Kim SM, Lee JS, Lee MJ. D-galacto-D-mannan-mediated Dectin-2 activation orchestrates potent cellular and humoral immunity as a viral vaccine adjuvant. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330677. [PMID: 38433834 PMCID: PMC10904532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Conventional foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines have been developed to enhance their effectiveness; however, several drawbacks remain, such as slow induction of antibody titers, short-lived immune response, and local side effects at the vaccination site. Therefore, we created a novel FMD vaccine that simultaneously induces cellular and humoral immune responses using the Dectin-2 agonist, D-galacto-D-mannan, as an adjuvant. Methods We evaluated the innate and adaptive (cellular and humoral) immune responses elicited by the novel FMD vaccine and elucidated the signaling pathway involved both in vitro and in vivo using mice and pigs, as well as immune cells derived from these animals. Results D-galacto-D-mannan elicited early, mid-, and long-term immunity via simultaneous induction of cellular and humoral immune responses by promoting the expression of immunoregulatory molecules. D-galacto-D-mannan also enhanced the immune response and coordinated vaccine-mediated immune response by suppressing genes associated with excessive inflammatory responses, such as nuclear factor kappa B, via Sirtuin 1 expression. Conclusion Our findings elucidated the immunological mechanisms induced by D-galacto-D-mannan, suggesting a background for the robust cellular and humoral immune responses induced by FMD vaccines containing D-galacto-D-mannan. Our study will help to facilitate the improvement of conventional FMD vaccines and the design of next-generation FMD vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Won Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hui Park
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Shin
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang Sik Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Kwak
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ja Lee
- Center for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Fernandes PAR, Coimbra MA. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120965. [PMID: 37173007 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed to act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, and many others of all type of biological sources. The structural features linked to the antioxidant action include the polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, and the occurrence of non-carbohydrate substituents. The establishment of structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor polysaccharides behavior in antioxidant systems. In this sense, this review confronts some basic concepts of polysaccharides chemistry with the current claim of carbohydrates as antioxidants. It critically discusses how the fine structure and properties of polysaccharides can define polysaccharides as antioxidants. Polysaccharides antioxidant action is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, molecular weight, occurrence of positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties and covalently linked phenolic compounds. However, the occurrence of phenolic compounds and protein as contaminants leads to misleading results in methodologies often used for screening and characterization purposes, as well as in vivo models. Despite falling in the concept of antioxidants, the role of polysaccharides must be well defined according with the matrices where they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A R Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Wu H, Li J, Pu Q, Mi C, Zeng G, Chen Y, Kong D, Zuo X, Hu X, Li O. Physiological and transcriptome analysis of Dendrobium officinale under low nitrogen stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:314-334. [PMID: 36872310 DOI: 10.1071/fp22061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the main nutrient of plants, and low nitrogen usually affects plant growth and crop yield. The traditional Chinese herbal medicine Dendrobium officinale Kimura et. Migo is a typical low nitrogen-tolerant plant, and its mechanism in response to low nitrogen stress has not previously been reported. In this study, physiological measurements and RNA-Seq analysis were used to analyse the physiological changes and molecular responses of D. officinale under different nitrogen concentrations. The results showed that under low nitrogen levels, the growth, photosynthesis and superoxide dismutase activity were found to be significantly inhibited, while the activities of peroxidase and catalase, the content of polysaccharides and flavonoids significantly increased. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis showed that nitrogen and carbon metabolisms, transcriptional regulation, antioxidative stress, secondary metabolite synthesis and signal transduction all made a big difference in low nitrogen stress. Therefore, copious polysaccharide accumulation, efficient assimilation and recycling of nitrogen, as well as rich antioxidant components play critical roles. This study is helpful for understanding the response mechanism of D. officinale to low nitrogen levels, which might provide good guidance for practical production of high quality D. officinale .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangtao Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Qian Pu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Chunyi Mi
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zeng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Dedong Kong
- Institute of Digital Agriculture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Zuo
- Xi'an Ande Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Zhenping Branch, Xi'an 710000, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Hu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ou Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Fuso A, Dejonghe W, Cauwenberghs L, Rosso G, Rosso F, Manera I, Caligiani A. DPPH radical scavenging activity of xylo-oligosaccharides mixtures of controlled composition: A step forward in understanding structure–activity relationship. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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8
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Antov MG, Perović MN, Milošević MM. Integration of enzymatic modification and ultrafiltration for the production of pectin fractions with highly potent antioxidant capacity as green valorization of sugar beet pulp. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:157-164. [PMID: 36512087 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of pectin followed by ultrafiltration of hydrolysate was applied with the aim to produce fractions with potent antioxidant capacity. Pectin was isolated from waste sugar beet pulp by acidic extraction, washed by diafiltration and concentrated by ultrafiltration. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed with endo-polygalacturonase, and hydrolysate was processed by ultrafiltration into four fractions using membranes in series of decreasing cut-offs from 10 to 1 kDa. Hydrolysis with endo-polygalacturonase increased total antioxidant capacity by twofold in comparison to un-hydrolyzed pectin. Antioxidant capacity of all fractions was considerably higher than that of pectin-from 14.7 to 25-fold, for fraction containing fragments 10 kDa > Mw > 5 kDa and Mw < 1 kDa, respectively. Considerable increase of total antioxidant capacity of pectin through the integration of enzymatic modification and ultrafiltration fractionation indicated great potential of applied green protocol for the production of high-value hydrolysates of pectin from waste sugar beet pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana G Antov
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Milica N Perović
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja M Milošević
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Blvd. Cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Vidović M, Battisti I, Pantelić A, Morina F, Arrigoni G, Masi A, Jovanović SV. Desiccation Tolerance in Ramonda serbica Panc.: An Integrative Transcriptomic, Proteomic, Metabolite and Photosynthetic Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1199. [PMID: 35567200 PMCID: PMC9104375 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The resurrection plant Ramonda serbica Panc. survives long desiccation periods and fully recovers metabolic functions within one day upon watering. This study aimed to identify key candidates and pathways involved in desiccation tolerance in R. serbica. We combined differential transcriptomics and proteomics, phenolic and sugar analysis, FTIR analysis of the cell wall polymers, and detailed analysis of the photosynthetic electron transport (PET) chain. The proteomic analysis allowed the relative quantification of 1192 different protein groups, of which 408 were differentially abundant between hydrated (HL) and desiccated leaves (DL). Almost all differentially abundant proteins related to photosynthetic processes were less abundant, while chlorophyll fluorescence measurements implied shifting from linear PET to cyclic electron transport (CET). The levels of H2O2 scavenging enzymes, ascorbate-glutathione cycle components, catalases, peroxiredoxins, Fe-, and Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD) were reduced in DL. However, six germin-like proteins (GLPs), four Cu/ZnSOD isoforms, three polyphenol oxidases, and 22 late embryogenesis abundant proteins (LEAPs; mainly LEA4 and dehydrins), were desiccation-inducible. Desiccation provoked cell wall remodeling related to GLP-derived H2O2/HO● activity and pectin demethylesterification. This comprehensive study contributes to understanding the role and regulation of the main metabolic pathways during desiccation aiming at crop drought tolerance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vidović
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (I.B.); (G.A.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via G. Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Ana Pantelić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Laboratory for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Filis Morina
- Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, Branišovska 31/1160, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; (I.B.); (G.A.)
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via G. Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Sonja Veljović Jovanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Life Science, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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10
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Staudinger C, Dissanayake BM, Duncan O, Millar AH. The wheat secreted root proteome: Implications for phosphorus mobilisation and biotic interactions. J Proteomics 2022; 252:104450. [PMID: 34890868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Root secreted acid phosphatases and organic anions are widely perceived as major players of plant phosphorus (P) mobilisation from the rhizosphere under P limiting growth conditions. Previous research indicated that other mechanisms play a role, especially in species with fine roots, such as wheat. In this study we characterised the plant-derived extracellular proteome of wheat roots by profiling root tip mucilage, soluble root secreted and root tip proteomes. Extracellular acid phosphatases and enzymes of the central carbon metabolism were targeted using selected reaction monitoring. More than 140 proteins with extracellular localisation prediction were identified in mucilage. P starvation induced proteins predicted to be localised to the apoplast which are related to cell wall modification and defence in both, root tip and soluble root-secreted proteomes. Glycolytic enzymes were strongly increased in abundance by P limitation in root tips, as were PEPC and plastidial MDH. Soluble acid phosphatases were not identified in extracellular protein samples. Our results indicate that root tip mucilage contains proteins with the functional potential to actively shape their immediate environment by modification of plant structural components and biotic interactions. Wheat acid phosphatases appear to play a minor role in P mobilisation beyond the immediate root surface. SIGNIFICANCE: Phosphorus (P) is a plant growth limiting nutrient in many agricultural situations and the development of phosphorus efficient crops is of paramount importance for future agricultural management practices. As P is relatively immobile in soils, processes occurring at the root-soil interface, the rhizosphere, are suspected to play a key role in plant-induced P mobilisation. According to the current view, the secretion of extracellular acid phosphatases and organic anions enhances P mobilisation within several millimetres beyond the root surface, either directly or indirectly through the selection and appropriate soil microbes. However, the mechanisms of P mobilisation in species with fine roots, such as wheat, and the role of other secreted root proteins are poorly understood. Here, we carried out the profiling of wheat root tip mucilage, soluble root secreted and root tip proteomes. We analysed proteome changes in response to P starvation. We found that proteins with a predicted localisation to the apoplast made up a major proportion of stress-responsive proteins. Acid phosphatases were not identified within extracellular protein samples, which were enriched in proteins with predicted extracellular localisation. The absence of extracellular APases was further validated by multiple reaction monitoring. Our data indicates that wheat acid phosphatases play a minor role in P mobilisation beyond the immediate root surface and provides a resource for breeding strategies and further investigations of the functional roles of root tip-released proteins in the rhizosphere under P limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Staudinger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU-Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Rhizosphere Ecology and Biogeochemistry Group, Austria.
| | - Bhagya M Dissanayake
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Owen Duncan
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
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11
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Borovkova VS, Malyar YN, Sudakova IG, Chudina AI, Skripnikov AM, Fetisova OY, Kazachenko AS, Miroshnikova AV, Zimonin DV, Ionin VA, Seliverstova AA, Samoylova ED, Issaoui N. Molecular Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Spruce ( Picea abies) Hemicelluloses Isolated by Catalytic Oxidative Delignification. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010266. [PMID: 35011498 PMCID: PMC8746494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Spruce (Piceaabies) wood hemicelluloses have been obtained by the noncatalytic and catalytic oxidative delignification in the acetic acid-water-hydrogen peroxide medium in a processing time of 3–4 h and temperatures of 90–100 °C. In the catalytic process, the H2SO4, MnSO4, TiO2, and (NH4)6Mo7O24 catalysts have been used. A polysaccharide yield of up to 11.7 wt% has been found. The hemicellulose composition and structure have been studied by a complex of physicochemical methods, including gas and gel permeation chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The galactose:mannose:glucose:arabinose:xylose monomeric units in a ratio of 5:3:2:1:1 have been identified in the hemicelluloses by gas chromatography. Using gel permeation chromatography, the weight average molar mass Mw of hemicelluloses has been found to attain 47,654 g/mol in noncatalytic delignification and up to 42,793 g/mol in catalytic delignification. Based on the same technique, a method for determining the α and k parameters of the Mark–Kuhn–Houwink equation for hemicelluloses has been developed; it has been established that these parameters change between 0.33–1.01 and 1.57–472.17, respectively, depending on the catalyst concentration and process temperature and time. Moreover, the FTIR spectra of the hemicellulose samples contain all the bands characteristic of heteropolysaccharides, specifically, 1069 cm−1 (C–O–C and C–O–H), 1738 cm−1 (ester C=O), 1375 cm−1 (–C–CH3), 1243 cm−1 (–C–O–), etc. It has been determined by the thermogravimetric analysis that the hemicelluloses isolated from spruce wood are resistant to heating to temperatures of up to ~100 °C and, upon further heating, start destructing at an increasing rate. The antioxidant activity of the hemicelluloses has been examined using the compounds simulating the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina S. Borovkova
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Yuriy N. Malyar
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +79-(08)-2065517
| | - Irina G. Sudakova
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Anna I. Chudina
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Andrey M. Skripnikov
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Olga Yu. Fetisova
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Alexander S. Kazachenko
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Angelina V. Miroshnikova
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Dmitriy V. Zimonin
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Vladislav A. Ionin
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/24, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (I.G.S.); (A.I.C.); (O.Y.F.)
| | - Anastasia A. Seliverstova
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
| | - Ekaterina D. Samoylova
- School of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (V.S.B.); (A.M.S.); (A.S.K.); (A.V.M.); (D.V.Z.); (V.A.I.); (A.A.S.); (E.D.S.)
| | - Noureddine Issaoui
- Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics (LR18ES18), Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir 5079, Tunisia;
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Potential for Lager Beer Production from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains Isolated from the Vineyard Environment. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces pastorianus, genetic hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the Saccharomyces eubayanus, is one of the most widely used lager yeasts in the brewing industry. In recent years, new strategies have been adopted and new lines of research have been outlined to create and expand the pool of lager brewing starters. The vineyard microbiome has received significant attention in the past few years due to many opportunities in terms of biotechnological applications in the winemaking processes. However, the characterization of S. cerevisiae strains isolated from winery environments as an approach to selecting starters for beer production has not been fully investigated, and little is currently available. Four wild cryotolerant S. cerevisiae strains isolated from vineyard environments were evaluated as potential starters for lager beer production at laboratory scale using a model beer wort (MBW). In all tests, the industrial lager brewing S. pastorianus Weihenstephan 34/70 was used as a reference strain. The results obtained, although preliminary, showed some good properties of these strains, such as antioxidant activity, flocculation capacity, efficient fermentation at 15 °C and low diacetyl production. Further studies will be carried out using these S. cerevisiae strains as starters for lager beer production on a pilot scale in order to verify the chemical and sensory characteristics of the beers produced.
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Paecilomyces variotii xylanase production, purification and characterization with antioxidant xylo-oligosaccharides production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16468. [PMID: 34389757 PMCID: PMC8363652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95965-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paecilomyces variotii xylanase was, produced in stirred tank bioreactor with yield of 760 U/mL and purified using 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultra-filtration causing 3.29-fold purification with 34.47% activity recovery. The enzyme purity was analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) confirming its monomeric nature as single band at 32 KDa. Zymography showed xylan hydrolysis activity at the same band. The purified enzyme had optimum activity at 60 °C and pH 5.0. The pH stability range was 5-9 and the temperature stability was up 70 °C. Fe2+and Fe3+ exhibited inhibition of xylanase enzyme while Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ stimulated its activity. Mercaptoethanol stimulated its activity; however, Na2-EDTA and SDS inhibited its activity. The purified xylanase could hydrolyze beechwood xylan but not carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), avicel or soluble starch. Paecilomyces variotii xylanase Km and Vmax for beechwood were determined to be 3.33 mg/mL and 5555 U/mg, respectively. The produced xylanase enzyme applied on beech xylan resulted in different types of XOS. The antioxidant activity of xylo-oligosaccharides increased from 15.22 to 70.57% when the extract concentration was increased from 0.1 to 1.5 mg/mL. The enzyme characteristics and kinetic parameters indicated its high efficiency in the hydrolysis of xylan and its potential effectiveness in lignocellulosic hydrolysis and other industrial application. It also suggests the potential of xylanase enzyme for production of XOS from biomass which are useful in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Buathongjan C, Israkarn K, Sangwan W, Outrequin T, Gamonpilas C, Methacanon P. Studies on chemical composition, rheological and antioxidant properties of pectin isolated from Riang (Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr.) pod. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4575-4582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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15
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Vojvodić S, Luković JD, Zechmann B, Jevtović M, Pristov JB, Stanić M, Lizzul AM, Pittman JK, Spasojević I. The effects of ionizing radiation on the structure and antioxidative and metal-binding capacity of the cell wall of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127553. [PMID: 32653748 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of ionizing radiation on microorganisms such as microalgae is a topic of increasing importance for understanding the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems in response to environmental radiation, and for the development of efficient approaches for bioremediation of mining and nuclear power plants wastewaters. Currently, nothing is known about the effects of ionizing radiation on the microalgal cell wall, which represents the first line of defence against chemical and physical environmental stresses. Using various microscopy, spectroscopy and biochemical techniques we show that the unicellular alga Chlorella sorokiniana elicits a fast response to ionizing radiation. Within one day after irradiation with doses of 1-5 Gy, the fibrilar layer of the cell wall became thicker, the fraction of uronic acids was higher, and the capacity to remove the main reactive product of water radiolysis increased. In addition, the isolated cell wall fraction showed significant binding capacity for Cu2+, Mn2+, and Cr3+. The irradiation further increased the binding capacity for Cu2+, which appears to be mainly bound to glucosamine moieties within a chitosan-like polymer in the outer rigid layer of the wall. These results imply that the cell wall represents a dynamic structure that is involved in the protective response of microalgae to ionizing radiation. It appears that microalgae may exhibit a significant control of metal mobility in aquatic ecosystems via biosorption by the cell wall matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Vojvodić
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Danilović Luković
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia.
| | - Bernd Zechmann
- Center for Microscopy and Imaging, Baylor University, One Bear Place 97046, Waco, TX, USA.
| | - Mima Jevtović
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, 11001, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Bogdanović Pristov
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marina Stanić
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Jon K Pittman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Ivan Spasojević
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
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16
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Ávila PF, Martins M, de Almeida Costa FA, Goldbeck R. Xylooligosaccharides production by commercial enzyme mixture from agricultural wastes and their prebiotic and antioxidant potential. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2020.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Zaitseva O, Khudyakov A, Sergushkina M, Solomina O, Polezhaeva T. Pectins as a universal medicine. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Hosseini M, Sharifan A. Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:831-840. [PMID: 32819224 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999200818162030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications. OBJECTIVE This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM). METHODS The KM extract was obtained through a sequence of operations, including centrifugation for cell isolation, precipitation with potassium citrate/sodium metabisulfite, and recovery and purification. Its antioxidant, growth inhibition, macrophage mitogenic, and toxic activities were evaluated for its future use in the biomedical field. RESULTS Significant inhibitory effects of KM were obtained on reactive species. It showed antiproliferative activity against HeLa (human cervical adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with no toxic effects on HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). The in vitro model of CHO-K1 (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines did not show the cytotoxic and genotoxic of KM. Moreover, it enhanced macrophage activity in terms of nitric oxide (NO) production and viability. No sign of acute toxicity was found in BALB/c mice, and body weight remained unchanged in guinea pigs over three months. CONCLUSION Comprehensive biological evaluations in this study are expected to expand the potential of KM as a natural material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Currently at Diagnostic and Therapeutic Industrial Group, Khayyam Innovation Ecosystem, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anoosheh Sharifan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Si D, Shang T, Liu X, Zheng Z, Hu Q, Hu C, Zhang R. Production and characterization of functional wheat bran hydrolysate rich in reducing sugars, xylooligosaccharides and phenolic acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00511. [PMID: 32775234 PMCID: PMC7397401 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to enhance production of functional hydrolysate from wheat bran (WB). WB was hydrolyzed with 3000 U/mL ɑ-amylase and 1200 U/mL alkaline protease to prepare WB insoluble dietary fibre (WBIDF). Functional hydrolysate production from the extract containing crude xylan of WBIDF by xylanase was optimized by Taguchi method. The optimal condition for xylan degradation and functional substances production was 78.50 U/mL xylanase, pH 10.0, 50 °C, and reaction time 6 h. The maximum yield of reducing sugars was 614.0 μg/mL, xylobiose increased from 12.9 μg/mL to 213.3 μg/mL, xylotriose increased from 34.9 μg/mL to 174.0 μg/mL, ferulic acid 13.1 μg/mL made up 57.5 % of the total identifiable phenolic pool in the hydrolysate. The total antioxidant activity of hydrolysate was 141.8 mg ascorbic acid equivalents g-1 crude xylan, and the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity reached 92.7 %. The hydrolysate exhibited great potential in agricultural and food industry application.
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Key Words
- AAE, ascorbic acid equivalents
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Antioxidant capacity
- DAD, diode array detector
- DNS, dinitrosalicylic acid
- DP, degree of polymerization
- DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
- Hydrolysis optimization
- Phenolic acids
- Reducing sugars
- WB, wheat bran
- WBIDF, wheat bran insoluble dietary fibre
- Wheat bran
- X2, xylobiose
- X3, xylotriose
- X4, xylotetraose
- X5, xylopentose
- X6, xylohexose
- XOS, xylooligosaccharides
- Xylooligosaccharides
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Si
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Shang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Liu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Zheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyong Hu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Hu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Differential antioxidant activity of glucuronoxylooligosaccharides (UXOS) and arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) produced by two novel xylanases. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1075-1083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Chen H, Chen Z, Fu Y, Liu J, Lin S, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Wu D, Lin D, Han G, Wang L, Qin W. Structure, Antioxidant, and Hypoglycemic Activities of Arabinoxylans Extracted by Multiple Methods from Triticale. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120584. [PMID: 31775251 PMCID: PMC6943583 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Different methods of isolating arabinoxylans (AXs) from triticale were performed to investigate the extraction methods’ effects on the physiological functions of the AXs. Structural, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic activities were determined. The molecular weights (MWs) of enzyme- or water-extracted AXs were lower than those of alkali-extracted AXs. Opposite trends were shown by the arabinose–xylose ratio. Enzyme-extracted AXs exhibited higher glucose adsorption capacity and hydroxyl radical-scavenging efficiency than alkali-extracted AXs. The α-amylase inhibition ability, DPPH radical-scavenging capacity, and metal-chelating activity of alkali-extracted AXs were higher than those of enzyme-extracted AXs. Water-extracted AXs had the highest glucose dialysis retardation index. In conclusion, extraction methods can influence the physiological function of AXs through their structural features. AXs with higher MWs and esterified ferulic acid (FA) levels had higher antioxidant ability, whereas AXs with higher solubility and free FA level exhibited higher hypoglycemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Zhuoyun Chen
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Yuanfang Fu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Siying Lin
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Dingtao Wu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Derong Lin
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Guoquan Han
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China;
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan, China; (H.C.); (Z.C.); (Y.F.); (J.L.); (S.L.); (Q.Z.); (Y.L.); (D.W.); (D.L.); (G.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0835-2882576
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Patova OA, Smirnov VV, Golovchenko VV, Vityazev FV, Shashkov AS, Popov SV. Structural, rheological and antioxidant properties of pectins from Equisetum arvense L. and Equisetum sylvaticum L. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 209:239-249. [PMID: 30732805 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pectins were isolated from sterile stems of E. arvense (EA, yield 5.9%) and E. sylvaticum (ES, yield 4.8%) (Equisetaceae) using ammonium oxalate extraction after preliminary treatment with dilute HCl (рH 4.0). The pectins possessed high molecular weight (Mw, 340-360 kDa), high GalA content (ca. 85%), low degrees of methyl-esterification (14-16%) and acetylation (3-8%). NMR analysis indicated extensive regions of partially methyl-etherified and 3-O-acetylated HG and minor regions of low branched RG in the fragment isolated after hydrolysis of pectin EA by pectinase. Pectin EA produced a higher viscosity solution, formed a stronger and more rigid ionotropic hydrogel than pectin ES. The pectins scavenged DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, but not the superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide. Phenolic compounds (0.11 and 0.23%) associated with polysaccharide moieties were apparently responsible for the differences in the anti-DPPH scavenging activity of pectins EA and ES (63 and 49%). The findings suggested that pectin from E. arvense should be more perspective than pectin from E. sylvaticum on their use as components of wound healing remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Patova
- Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomaiskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia.
| | - V V Smirnov
- Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomaiskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - V V Golovchenko
- Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomaiskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - F V Vityazev
- Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomaiskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
| | - A S Shashkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - S V Popov
- Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, The Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomaiskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia
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Valls C, Pastor FJ, Vidal T, Roncero MB, Díaz P, Martínez J, Valenzuela SV. Antioxidant activity of xylooligosaccharides produced from glucuronoxylan by Xyn10A and Xyn30D xylanases and eucalyptus autohydrolysates. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 194:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Jang M, Cho CW, Han AR, Rhee YK, Hong HD, Kim KT, Lee SY, Lee KM, Jung SK, Lim TG. MMP-1 suppressing activity of high-molecular weight fraction isolated from the roots of Cynanchum wilfordii Hemsley. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Xu H, Tai K, Wei T, Yuan F, Gao Y. Physicochemical and in vitro antioxidant properties of pectin extracted from hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. acuminatum (Fingerh.)) residues with hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:4953-4960. [PMID: 28397347 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transformation of hot pepper residues to value-added products with concomitant benefits on environmental pollution would be of great value to capsicum oleoresin manufacturers. Pectin, a soluble dietary fiber with multiple functions, from hot pepper residues was investigated in this study. RESULTS The extraction of hot pepper pectin using hydrochloric acid was first optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The most efficient parameters for maximum hot pepper pectin yield (14.63%, dry basis) were a pH of 1.0, a temperature of 90 °C, an extraction time of 2 h and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 20 L g-1 . The pectin was mainly composed of uronic acids, and the major neutral sugars were galactose and glucose. The structure of hot pepper pectin was characterized by homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan I elements. The physicochemical properties of hot pepper pectin extracted by sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid were further investigated. The content of protein and degree of esterification in hot pepper pectin extracted with sulfuric acid solution (SP) were higher (P < 0.05) than those in that extracted with hydrochloric acid solution (HP), while the mean molecular weight of SP was lower than that of HP. Compared with HP, SP exhibited higher viscosity and better emulsifying property. CONCLUSION Based on the yield and physicochemical properties of hot pepper pectin, hot pepper residues would be a new source to obtain pectin, and SP would be more preferred than HP. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kedong Tai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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26
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Brand RM, Epperly MW, Stottlemyer JM, Skoda EM, Gao X, Li S, Huq S, Wipf P, Kagan VE, Greenberger JS, Falo LD. A Topical Mitochondria-Targeted Redox-Cycling Nitroxide Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Skin Damage. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:576-586. [PMID: 27794421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Skin is the largest human organ, and it provides a first line of defense that includes physical, chemical, and immune mechanisms to combat environmental stress. Radiation is a prevalent environmental stressor. Radiation-induced skin damage ranges from photoaging and cutaneous carcinogenesis caused by UV exposure, to treatment-limiting radiation dermatitis associated with radiotherapy, to cutaneous radiation syndrome, a frequently fatal consequence of exposures from nuclear accidents. The major mechanism of skin injury common to these exposures is radiation-induced oxidative stress. Efforts to prevent or mitigate radiation damage have included development of antioxidants capable of reducing reactive oxygen species. Mitochondria are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress, and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis plays a major role in radiation-induced tissue damage. We reasoned that targeting a redox cycling nitroxide to mitochondria could prevent reactive oxygen species accumulation, limiting downstream oxidative damage and preserving mitochondrial function. Here we show that in both mouse and human skin, topical application of a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant prevents and mitigates radiation-induced skin damage characterized by clinical dermatitis, loss of barrier function, inflammation, and fibrosis. Further, damage mitigation is associated with reduced apoptosis, preservation of the skin's antioxidant capacity, and reduction of irreversible DNA and protein oxidation associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda M Brand
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael W Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Mark Stottlemyer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Erin M Skoda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saiful Huq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Louis D Falo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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27
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Milk banks collect, pasteurize, and freeze/store human milk. The processing may alter redox properties of milk, but the effects have not been fully examined. METHODS We collected 10 mature milk and 10 colostrum samples and applied a battery of biochemical assays and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to inspect changes that milk undergoes with pasteurization and 30 days storage at -20°C. RESULTS Pasteurization and storage of raw milk did not affect total nonenzymatic antioxidative capacity, but specific components and features were altered. Urate radical and ascorbyl radical emerge as products of exposure of milk to hydroxyl radical-generating system. Processing shifted the load of antioxidative activity from ascorbate to urate and lowered the capacity of milk to diminish hydroxyl radical. Pasteurization caused a significant drop in the activity of 2 major antioxidative enzymes-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, whereas freezing/storage of raw milk affected only superoxide dismutase. Colostrum showed drastically higher total nonenzymatic antioxidative capacity, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, and glutathione reductase activity compared with mature milk. CONCLUSIONS Pasteurization and storage affect nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidative agents in human milk. It appears that nonenzymatic antioxidative systems in colostrum and milk are different. The effects of processing may be partially compensated by fortification/spiking with ascorbate before use.
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28
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do Nascimento GE, Baggio CH, Werner MFDP, Iacomini M, Cordeiro LMC. Arabinoxylan from Mucilage of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.): Structure and Antinociceptive Effect in Mouse Models. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1239-1244. [PMID: 26824871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is a known functional food due to its content of bioactive compounds. Herein, polysaccharides were extracted from mucilage of tomatoes, and a purified fraction (PTOK) was analyzed by sugar composition, methylation, and NMR spectroscopy analysis. The results showed the presence of an arabinoxylan, having (1→4)-linked β-d-Xylp units in the main chain, which carried a low proportion of branching (∼5.6%), at O-2 and O-3 position, with side chains constituted by single Araf or Xylp units. Intraperitoneal administration of the arabinoxylan in mice significantly reduced the number of abdominal constrictions induced by 0.6% acetic acid and the inflammatory phase of nociception induced by 2.5% formalin, indicating that it had an antinociceptive effect on inflammatory pain models, amplifying the biological role displayed by arabinoxylans in the diet. Furthermore, this study reports the presence of an arabinoxylan in a dicotyledon plant, and also it is the first study of polysaccharides from mucilage of tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Erdmann do Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquı́mica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná , CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane H Baggio
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná , CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Iacomini
- Departamento de Bioquı́mica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná , CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucimara M C Cordeiro
- Departamento de Bioquı́mica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná , CP 19.046, CEP 81.531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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29
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Miljković D, Blaževski J, Petković F, Djedović N, Momčilović M, Stanisavljević S, Jevtić B, Mostarica Stojković M, Spasojević I. A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis–Relevant Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ethyl Pyruvate and Dimethyl Fumarate. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:2493-503. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Kozarski M, Klaus A, Jakovljevic D, Todorovic N, Niksic M, Vrvic MM, van Griensven LJLD. Dietary polysaccharide extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis fruiting bodies: chemical characterization and bioactivities at different levels of purification. Food Res Int 2014; 64:53-64. [PMID: 30011685 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides of the European strain of A. brasiliensis were obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation (HWPE I) of fruiting bodies, and further purified by dialysis (HWPE II) and pronase incubation (PPE). These polysaccharides consisted mainly of (1→6)-β-d-glucans. PPE was free of proteins and polyphenols as demonstrated by quantitative assays and NMR profiling. They showed a clear IFN-γ inducing activity in human PBMCs, which suggests these polysaccharides to have proinflammatory effects. Treatment by β-glucosidase caused the polysaccharides to be degraded into smaller fragments and at the same time increased their IFN-γ inducing activity in PBMCs fourfold. In vitro, PPE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of the proliferation of the human leukemia Jurkat cell. At 100μg/mL the cells' viability was decreased by appr. 51% compared to the control. EPR spin trapping demonstrated a high antioxidative activity against •OH and •O2- radicals of HWPE I and PPE. Further, the results of the antioxidant assays indicated that antioxidant activity against •OH radicals in the Fenton system was achieved through scavenging or through chelating iron mechanisms. The good immunomodulating and antioxidative properties of A. brasiliensis polysaccharide extract obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation make it suitable for everyday use as an inexpensive dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kozarski
- Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia
| | - Anita Klaus
- Department for Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia
| | - Dragica Jakovljevic
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade 11001, Serbia
| | - Nina Todorovic
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade 11001, Serbia
| | - Miomir Niksic
- Department for Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia
| | - Miroslav M Vrvic
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade 11001, Serbia; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Leo J L D van Griensven
- Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Rivas S, Conde E, Moure A, Domínguez H, Parajó JC. Characterization, refining and antioxidant activity of saccharides derived from hemicelluloses of wood and rice husks. Food Chem 2013; 141:495-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Snelders J, Dornez E, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. Ferulic Acid content and appearance determine the antioxidant capacity of arabinoxylanoligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10173-10182. [PMID: 24070339 DOI: 10.1021/jf403160x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the antioxidant capacity of ferulic acid (FA) in conjunction with prebiotic arabinoxylanoligosaccharides (AXOS), procedures for the production of FA-enriched, -depleted and cross-linked AXOS were developed, and samples were analyzed using the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Results showed that not only the level of FA but also the condition under which it appears (free, bound, or dimerized) impacts the antioxidant capacity of FA-containing AXOS samples. Although esterification of FA on AXOS and cross-linking of AXOS through dehydrodiferulic acid formation lowered the antioxidant capacity of FA by 30 and 55%, respectively, as determined with the TEAC test, the antioxidant capacity of these components still remained high compared to Trolox, a water-soluble vitamin E analog. Total antioxidant capacity of the AXOS samples determined by the ORAC assay resulted in less prominent differences between the different forms of FA than those seen with the TEAC test. Feruloylated AXOS can hence function as strong, water-soluble antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Snelders
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 Box 2463, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Machová E, Bystrický S. Antioxidant capacities of mannans and glucans are related to their susceptibility of free radical degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:308-11. [PMID: 23916650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microbial and plant polysaccharides in nature are frequently exposed to oxidative burst. They may act as antioxidants buffering the radical attack. This paper presents antioxidant properties of prepared yeast mannans, commercial β-glucans as well as the chemically prepared carboxymethylated β-glucan (CM-glucan). The hydroxyl radical antioxidant assay and the DPPH radical-scavenging assay were used. Yeast mannans and β-glucans (1.6 mg mL(-1)) showed antioxidant capacities against OH(·) up to 14.1%, while CM-glucan was significantly higher antioxidant (65.4%). In the DPPH(·) assay, the antioxidant capacities of yeast mannans and β-glucans (1.0 mg mL(-1)) were lower and reached up to ~6.5%. All polysaccharides tested were effectively degraded by OH(·) and the presence of salicylate considerably inhibited their degradation. Measure of Fe(2+) chelation revealed less than 13.1% effectivity for all polysaccharides. In all antioxidant and degradation experiments the yeast mannans showed very similar results to commercial β-glucans. The antioxidant capacities of polysaccharides may be assessed by simple HPLC monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Machová
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Immunochemistry of Glycoconjugates, Centre of Excellence Glycomed, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Wu S, Du Y, Hu Y, Shi X, Zhang L. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of xylan–chitooligomer–zinc complex. Food Chem 2013; 138:1312-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Differences in direct pharmacologic effects and antioxidative properties of mature breast milk and infant formulas. Nutrition 2013; 29:431-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Aureli F, Ouerdane L, Bierla K, Szpunar J, Prakash NT, Cubadda F. Identification of selenosugars and other low-molecular weight selenium metabolites in high-selenium cereal crops. Metallomics 2013; 4:968-78. [PMID: 22802147 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20085f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several novel selenium containing compounds were characterized in staple crops (wheat, rice and maize) grown on soils naturally rich in selenium. A dedicated method based on the coupling of liquid chromatography with multiplexed detection (ICP-MS, ESI-Orbitrap MS(/MS)) was developed for the speciation of low-molecular weight (<5 kDa) selenium metabolites. Nine species present in different proportions as a function of the crop type were identified by cation-exchange HPLC-ESI-Orbitrap MS on the basis of the accurate molecular mass and MS/MS spectra. The natural origin of these species was then validated by varying extraction conditions and by using hydrophilic interaction LC (HILIC)-ESI-Orbitrap MS(/MS). Among the identified compounds, Se-containing monosaccharides (hexose moiety, m/z 317 and m/z 358) or Se-containing disaccharides (hexose-pentose moiety, m/z 407 and m/z 408) were the first selenosugars reported in edible plants. It is also the first report of the presence of 2,3-dihydroxypropionyl-selenolanthionine (m/z 345) in rice. Because these crops can be an important source of selenium in animal and human nutrition, the understanding of the origin and the fate of these species during metabolic processes will be of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Aureli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
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Deutschmann R, Dekker RF. From plant biomass to bio-based chemicals: Latest developments in xylan research. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1627-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kozarski M, Klaus A, Nikšić M, Vrvić MM, Todorović N, Jakovljević D, Van Griensven LJ. Antioxidative activities and chemical characterization of polysaccharide extracts from the widely used mushrooms Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus edodes and Trametes versicolor. J Food Compost Anal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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