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Unruh T, Götz K, Vogel C, Fröhlich E, Scheurer A, Porcar L, Steiniger F. Mesoscopic Structure of Lipid Nanoparticle Formulations for mRNA Drug Delivery: Comirnaty and Drug-Free Dispersions. ACS NANO 2024; 18:9746-9764. [PMID: 38514237 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c02610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) produced by antisolvent precipitation (ASP) are used in formulations for mRNA drug delivery. The mesoscopic structure of such complex multicomponent and polydisperse nanoparticulate systems is most relevant for their drug delivery properties, medical efficiency, shelf life, and possible side effects. However, the knowledge on the structural details of such formulations is very limited. Essentially no such information is publicly available for pharmaceutical dispersions approved by numerous medicine agencies for the use in humans and loaded with mRNA encoding a mimic of the spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as, e.g., the Comirnaty formulation (BioNTech/Pfizer). Here, we present a simple preparation method to mimic the Comirnaty drug-free LNPs including a comparison of their structural properties with those of Comirnaty. Strong evidence for the liquid state of the LNPs in both systems is found in contrast to the designation of the LNPs as solid lipid nanoparticles by BioNTech. An exceptionally detailed and reliable structural model for the LNPs i.a. revealing their unexpected narrow size distribution will be presented based on a combined small-angle X-ray scattering and photon correlation spectroscopy (SAXS/PCS) evaluation method. The results from this experimental approach are supported by light microscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoTEM), and simultaneous SAXS/SANS studies. The presented results do not provide direct insights on particle formation or dispersion stability but should contribute significantly to better understanding the LNP drug delivery process, enhancing their medical benefit, and reducing side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Unruh
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Physics Department, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus Götz
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Physics Department, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Vogel
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Physics Department, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erik Fröhlich
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics, Physics Department, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Large Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Electron Microscopy Center, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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2
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Du Q, Wang R, Deng Z, Zhou J, Li N, Li W, Zheng L. Structural characterization and calcium absorption-promoting effect of sucrose-calcium chelate in Caco-2 monolayer cells and mice. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1773-1790. [PMID: 38349030 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sucrose emerges as a chelating agent to form a stable sucrose-metal-ion chelate that can potentially improve metal-ion absorption. This study aimed to analyze the structure of sucrose-calcium chelate and its potential to promote calcium absorption in both Caco-2 monolayer cells and mice. The characterization results showed that calcium ions mainly chelated with hydroxyl groups in sucrose to produce sucrose-calcium chelate, altering the crystal structure of sucrose (forming polymer particles) and improving its thermal stability. Sucrose-calcium chelate dose dependently increased the amount of calcium uptake, retention, and transport in the Caco-2 monolayer cell model. Compared to CaCl2 , there was a significant improvement in the proportion of absorbed calcium utilized for transport but not retention (93.13 ± 1.75% vs. 67.67 ± 7.55%). Further treatment of calcium channel inhibitors demonstrated the active transport of sucrose-calcium chelate through Cav1.3. Cellular thermal shift assay and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays indicated that the ability of sucrose-calcium chelate to promote calcium transport was attributed to its superior ability to bind with PMCA1b, a calcium transporter located on the basement membrane, and stimulate its gene expression compared to CaCl2 . Pharmacokinetic analysis of mice confirmed the calcium absorption-promoting effect of sucrose-calcium chelate, as evident by the higher serum calcium level (44.12 ± 1.90 mg/L vs. 37.42 ± 1.88 mmol/L) and intestinal PMCA1b gene expression than CaCl2 . These findings offer a new understanding of how sucrose-calcium chelate enhances intestinal calcium absorption and could be used as an ingredient in functional foods to treat calcium deficiency. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The development of high-quality calcium supplements is crucial for addressing the various adverse symptoms associated with calcium deficiency. This study aimed to prepare a sucrose-calcium chelate and analyze its structure, as well as its potential to enhance calcium absorption in Caco-2 monolayer cells and mice. The results demonstrated that the sucrose-calcium chelate effectively promoted calcium absorption. Notably, its ability to enhance calcium transport was linked to its strong binding with PMCA1b, a calcium transporter located on the basement membrane, and its capacity to stimulate PMCA1b gene expression. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how the sucrose-calcium chelate enhances intestinal calcium absorption and suggest its potential use as an ingredient in functional foods for treating calcium deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Ruiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jianqun Zhou
- Nanning Zeweier Feed Co., Ltd, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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3
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Lei Z, Chen B, Brooks SD. Effect of Acidity on Ice Nucleation by Inorganic-Organic Mixed Droplets. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2023; 7:2562-2573. [PMID: 38148991 PMCID: PMC10749479 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol acidity significantly influences heterogeneous chemical reactions and human health. Additionally, acidity may play a role in cloud formation by modifying the ice nucleation properties of inorganic and organic aerosols. In this work, we combined our well-established ice nucleation technique with Raman microspectroscopy to study ice nucleation in representative inorganic and organic aerosols across a range of pH conditions (pH -0.1 to 5.5). Homogeneous nucleation was observed in systems containing ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, and sucrose. In contrast, droplets containing ammonium sulfate mixed with diethyl sebacate, poly(ethylene glycol) 400, and 1,2,6-hexanetriol were found to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation, exhibiting core-shell morphologies with observed initiation of heterogeneous freezing in the cores. Our experimental findings demonstrate that an increased acidity reduces the ice nucleation ability of droplets. Changes in the ratio of bisulfate to sulfate coincided with shifts in ice nucleation temperatures, suggesting that the presence of bisulfate may decrease the ice nucleation efficiency. We also report on how the morphology and viscosity impact ice nucleation properties. This study aims to enhance our fundamental understanding of acidity's effect on ice nucleation ability, providing context for the role of acidity in atmospheric ice cloud formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Lei
- Department of Atmospheric
Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Atmospheric
Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Sarah D. Brooks
- Department of Atmospheric
Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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4
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Mitrović JR, Bjelošević Žiberna M, Vukadinović A, Knutson DE, Sharmin D, Kremenović A, Ahlin Grabnar P, Planinšek O, Lunter D, Cook JM, Savić MM, Savić SD. Freeze-dried nanocrystal dispersion of novel deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone ligand (DK-I-56-1): Process parameters and lyoprotectant selection through the stability study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 189:106557. [PMID: 37544333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanocrystal dispersions have been considered as a promising formulation strategy to improve the bioavailability of the deuterated pyrazoloquinolinone ligand DK-I-56-1 (7‑methoxy-2-(4‑methoxy-d3-phenyl)-2,5-dihydro-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3-one). In the current study, the freeze-drying process (formulation and process parameters) was investigated to improve the storage stability of the previously developed formulation. Different combinations of lyoprotectant (sucrose or trehalose) and bulking agent (mannitol) were varied while formulations were freeze-dried under two conditions (primary drying at -10 or -45 °C). The obtained lyophilizates were characterized in terms of particle size, solid state properties and morphology, while the interactions within the samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In the preliminary study, three formulations were selected based on the high redispersibility index values (around 95%). The temperature of primary drying had no significant effect on particle size, but stability during storage was impaired for samples dried at -10 °C. Samples dried at lower temperature were more homogeneous and remained stable for three months. It was found that the optimal ratio of sucrose or trehalose to mannitol was 3:2 at a total concentration of 10% to achieve the best stability (particle size < 1.0 μm, polydispersity index < 0.250). The amorphous state of lyoprotectants probably provided a high degree of interaction with nanocrystals, while the crystalline mannitol provided an elegant cake structure. Sucrose was superior to trehalose in maintaining particle size during freeze-drying, while trehalose was more effective in keeping particle size within limits during storage. In conclusion, results demonstrated that the appropriate combination of sucrose/trehalose and mannitol together with the appropriate selection of lyophilization process parameters could yield nanocrystals with satisfactory stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena R Mitrović
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade 11221, Serbia
| | - Maja Bjelošević Žiberna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandar Vukadinović
- ″VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Daniel E Knutson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210N. Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Dishary Sharmin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210N. Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Aleksandar Kremenović
- Laboratory of Crystallography, Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of Belgrade, Đušina 7, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pegi Ahlin Grabnar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Odon Planinšek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dominique Lunter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eberhard-Karls University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, Germany
| | - James M Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210N. Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Miroslav M Savić
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana D Savić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade 11221, Serbia.
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5
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Saur KM, Kiefel R, Niehoff PJ, Hofstede J, Ernst P, Brockkötter J, Gätgens J, Viell J, Noack S, Wierckx N, Büchs J, Jupke A. Holistic Approach to Process Design and Scale-Up for Itaconic Acid Production from Crude Substrates. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:723. [PMID: 37370654 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based bulk chemicals such as carboxylic acids continue to struggle to compete with their fossil counterparts on an economic basis. One possibility to improve the economic feasibility is the use of crude substrates in biorefineries. However, impurities in these substrates pose challenges in fermentation and purification, requiring interdisciplinary research. This work demonstrates a holistic approach to biorefinery process development, using itaconic acid production on thick juice based on sugar beets with Ustilago sp. as an example. A conceptual process design with data from artificially prepared solutions and literature data from fermentation on glucose guides the simultaneous development of the upstream and downstream processes up to a 100 L scale. Techno-economic analysis reveals substrate consumption as the main constituent of production costs and therefore, the product yield is the driver of process economics. Aligning pH-adjusting agents in the fermentation and the downstream process is a central lever for product recovery. Experiments show that fermentation can be transferred from glucose to thick juice by changing the feeding profile. In downstream processing, an additional decolorization step is necessary to remove impurities accompanying the crude substrate. Moreover, we observe an increased use of pH-adjusting agents compared to process simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Maria Saur
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Kiefel
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul-Joachim Niehoff
- Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jordy Hofstede
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Ernst
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Johannes Brockkötter
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochem Gätgens
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörn Viell
- Process Systems Engineering (AVT.SVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Noack
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- Fluid Process Engineering (AVT.FVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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6
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Esmonde-White K, Lewis M, Lewis IR. Direct Measurement of Chocolate Components Using Dispersive Raman Spectroscopy at 1000 nm Excitation. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:320-326. [PMID: 36547013 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221147941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chocolate is a popular food around the world. Making chocolate-based confectionaries involve multiple processing steps including cocoa bean fermentation, cocoa bean roasting, grinding, and then a controlled crystallization, where the processing conditions yields the desirable polymorph V to give chocolate its characteristic snap and texture. Raman spectroscopy is well known as a technique that can provide a non-contact, non-destructive analysis of chemical composition and molecular structure. Yet, excitation in the visible and near-infrared (532-785 nm) has not been possible for dark or milk chocolate because of the samples' overwhelming fluorescence. New technologies enabling Raman spectroscopy closer to shortwave infrared wavelengths, closer to 1000 nm, are likely to reduce fluorescence of chocolate and other highly fluorescent samples. Based on the successes of 1064 nm excitation to understand chocolate blooming, we hypothesized that 1000 nm excitation would also reduce fluorescence and enable Raman spectroscopy in dark and milk chocolates. We used dispersive Raman spectroscopy at 1000 nm to measure white, milk, and dark chocolate and cocoa nibs. The use of 1000 nm excitation effectively reduced fluorescence, enabling qualitative and quantitative Raman spectroscopy directly on chocolate samples. These feasibility studies indicate that 1000 nm Raman spectroscopy can be used to measure chocolate in a laboratory or process environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Lewis
- Endress+Hauser Optical Analysis, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian R Lewis
- Endress+Hauser Optical Analysis, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Longkaew K, Tessanan W, Daniel P, Phinyocheep P, Gibaud A. Using sucrose to prepare submicrometric CaCO3 vaterite particles stable in natural rubber. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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8
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Mirrielees J, Kirpes RM, Haas SM, Rauschenberg CD, Matrai PA, Remenapp A, Boschi VL, Grannas AM, Pratt KA, Ault AP. Probing Individual Particles Generated at the Freshwater-Seawater Interface through Combined Raman, Photothermal Infrared, and X-ray Spectroscopic Characterization. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:605-619. [PMID: 36589347 PMCID: PMC9793585 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sea spray aerosol (SSA) is one of the largest global sources of atmospheric aerosol, but little is known about SSA generated in coastal regions with salinity gradients near estuaries and river outflows. SSA particles are chemically complex with substantial particle-to-particle variability due to changes in water temperature, salinity, and biological activity. In previous studies, the ability to resolve the aerosol composition to the level of individual particles has proven necessary for the accurate parameterization of the direct and indirect aerosol effects; therefore, measurements of individual SSA particles are needed for the characterization of this large source of atmospheric aerosol. An integrated analytical measurement approach is required to probe the chemical composition of individual SSA particles. By combining complementary vibrational microspectroscopic (Raman and optical photothermal infrared, O-PTIR) measurements with elemental information from computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (CCSEM-EDX), we gained unique insights into the individual particle chemical composition and morphology. Herein, we analyzed particles from four experiments on laboratory-based SSA production using coastal seawater collected in January 2018 from the Gulf of Maine. Individual salt particles were enriched in organics compared to that in natural seawater, both with and without added microalgal filtrate, with greater enrichment observed for smaller particle sizes, as evidenced by higher carbon/sodium ratios. Functional group analysis was carried out using the Raman and infrared spectra collected from individual SSA particles. Additionally, the Raman spectra were compared with a library of Raman spectra consisting of marine-derived organic compounds. Saccharides, followed by fatty acids, were the dominant components of the organic coatings surrounding the salt cores of these particles. This combined Raman, infrared, and X-ray spectroscopic approach will enable further understanding of the factors determining the individual particle composition, which is important for understanding the impacts of SSA produced within estuaries and river outflows, as well as areas of snow and ice melt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica
A. Mirrielees
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rachel M. Kirpes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Savannah M. Haas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | | | - Patricia A. Matrai
- Bigelow
Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine 04544, United States
| | - Allison Remenapp
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Vanessa L. Boschi
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Amanda M. Grannas
- Department
of Chemistry, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Kerri A. Pratt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United
States
| | - Andrew P. Ault
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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9
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In-situ Raman study of α-D-glucose under different pressure and temperature. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Andriyevsky B, Tarrat N, Cortés J, Schön JC. Dehydrogenation versus deprotonation of disaccharide molecules in vacuum: a thorough theoretical investigation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220436. [PMID: 36249331 PMCID: PMC9554720 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrogenation and deprotonation of sucrose and trehalose molecules in vacuum is theoretically studied by using ab initio calculations in the framework of the density functional theory. The differences in the structural, electronic, energetic and vibrational properties of dehydrogenated and deprotonated molecules are discussed, depending on the site from which the hydrogen atom or the proton has been removed. The dehydrogenated molecules are found to be stable, regardless of which hydrogen atom is removed. This contrasts with the instability of the deprotonated molecules, where break-ups or structural reorganizations of the molecule are observed in 20-30% of the cases, but only when the hydrogen atom whose proton is removed was bonded to a carbon atom. Considering the stability and possible rearrangements of the hydrogen network of the deprotonated/dehydrogenated molecule, the formation of additional hydrogen-bridge bonds compared with the nominal molecule appears to be more pronounced for the deprotonated molecules than for the dehydrogenated ones. Moreover, our calculations show that the hydrogen-transfer energy barriers are usually larger for the deprotonated molecules than for the dehydrogenated ones. Finally, compared with the nominal molecule, the vibrational frequency spectrum is shifted to lower frequencies for both the dehydrogenated and the deprotonated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Andriyevsky
- Faculty of Electronics and Computer Science, Koszalin University of Technology, Śniadeckich Street 2, 74-453 Koszalin, Poland
| | - Nathalie Tarrat
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse, France
| | - Juan Cortés
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Johann Christian Schön
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Hauswirth A, Köhler R, ten Bosch L, Avramidis G, Gerhard C. Spectroscopic Investigation of the Impact of Cold Plasma Treatment at Atmospheric Pressure on Sucrose and Glucose. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182786. [PMID: 36140914 PMCID: PMC9497776 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
When exposing food and feedstuff to cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPP), e.g., for decontamination purposes, possible unwanted effects on the contained nutrients might occur. In the present study, we thus concentrated on CAPP-induced degrading effects on different sugars, namely glucose and sucrose. The treatments were performed using admixtures of argon and synthetic air over durations of up to 12min. Continuous degradation of sucrose and glucose was determined using ATR-FTIR and XPS analyses. OH stretching bands showed notable broadening in the ATR-FTIR spectra, which possibly indicates reduced crystallinity of the sugars caused by the CAPP treatment. In the fingerprint regions, most bands, especially the more intense C-O bands, showed decreases in peak heights. In addition, two new bands occurred after CAPP treatment. The bands were detectable in the range between 1800 and 1600cm−1 and potentially can be assigned to C=C and, after comparison with the results of the XPS measurements, O-C=O bindings. The XPS measurements also showed that the O-C=O bonds probably originated from earlier C-O bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hauswirth
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Von-Ossietzky-Straße 99, 37085 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Robert Köhler
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Von-Ossietzky-Straße 99, 37085 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lars ten Bosch
- Department for Knowledge and Technology Transfer, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hohnsen 4, 31134 Hildesheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.t.B.); (G.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Georg Avramidis
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Von-Ossietzky-Straße 99, 37085 Goettingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.t.B.); (G.A.); (C.G.)
| | - Christoph Gerhard
- Faculty of Engineering and Health, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Von-Ossietzky-Straße 99, 37085 Goettingen, Germany
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.t.B.); (G.A.); (C.G.)
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12
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Panaitescu DM, Stoian S, Frone AN, Vlăsceanu GM, Baciu DD, Gabor AR, Nicolae CA, Radiţoiu V, Alexandrescu E, Căşărică A, Damian C, Stanescu P. Nanofibrous scaffolds based on bacterial cellulose crosslinked with oxidized sucrose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:381-397. [PMID: 36058396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, oxidized sucrose (OS), which is a safe bio-based and non-toxic polyaldehyde, was used as a crosslinker in defibrillated bacterial cellulose (BC) sponges obtained by freeze-drying. For mimicking the proteins' crosslinking, BC was first modified with an aminosilane to partially replace the OH groups on the BC surface with more reactive amino groups. Further, the aminosilane-grafted bacterial cellulose (BCA) was crosslinked with OS in different concentrations and thermally cured. Functionalized bacterial celluloses showed a good thermal stability, comparable to that of unmodified cellulose and much improved mechanical properties. A threefold increase in the compression strength was obtained for the BCA scaffold after crosslinking and curing. This was correlated with the uniform pore structure emphasized by the micro-CT and SEM analyses. The OS-crosslinked BCA scaffolds were not cytotoxic and showed a porosity of around 80 %, which was almost 100 % open porosity. This study shows that the crosslinking of aminated BC scaffolds with OS allows the obtaining of 3D cellulose structures with good mechanical properties and high porosity, suitable for soft tissue engineering. The results recommend this new method as an innovative approach to obtaining biomaterial scaffolds that mimic the natural extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Mihaela Panaitescu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sergiu Stoian
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Nicoleta Frone
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Dora Domnica Baciu
- Cantacuzino National Medical-Military Institute for Research and Development, 103 Spl. Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Augusta Raluca Gabor
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Andi Nicolae
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valentin Radiţoiu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elvira Alexandrescu
- Polymer Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Angela Căşărică
- National Institute for Chemical - Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Calea Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Celina Damian
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul Stanescu
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Lei Z, Zhang J, Mueller EA, Xiao Y, Kolozsvari KR, McNeil AJ, Banaszak Holl MM, Ault AP. Glass Transition Temperatures of Individual Submicrometer Atmospheric Particles: Direct Measurement via Heated Atomic Force Microscopy Probe. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11973-11977. [PMID: 35993793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The phase (solid, semisolid, or liquid) of atmospheric aerosols is central to their ability to take up water or undergo heterogeneous reactions. In recent years, the unexpected prevalence of viscous organic particles has been shown through field measurements and global atmospheric modeling. The aerosol phase has been predicted using glass transition temperatures (Tg), which were estimated based on molecular weight, oxygen:carbon ratio, and chemical formulae of organic species present in atmospheric particles via studies of bulk materials. However, at the most important sizes for cloud nucleation (∼50-500 nm), particles are complex mixtures of numerous organic species, inorganic salts, and water with substantial particle-to-particle variability. To date, direct measurements of Tg have not been feasible for individual atmospheric particles. Herein, nanothermal analysis (NanoTA), which uses a resistively heated atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe, is combined with AFM photothermal infrared (AFM-PTIR) spectroscopy to determine the Tg and composition of individual particles down to 76 nm in diameter at ambient temperature and pressure. Laboratory-generated proxies for organic aerosol (sucrose, ouabain, raffinose, and maltoheptaose) had similar Tg values to bulk Tg values measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the Tg predictions used in atmospheric models. Laboratory-generated phase-separated particles and ambient particles were analyzed with NanoTA + AFM-PTIR showing intraparticle variation in composition and Tg. These results demonstrate the potential for NanoTA + AFM-PTIR to increase our understanding of viscosity within submicrometer atmospheric particles with complex phases, morphologies, and compositions, which will enable improved modeling of aerosol impacts on clouds and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Lei
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Emily A Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Katherine R Kolozsvari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Anne J McNeil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2800, United States
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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14
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Mortada S, Brandán SA, Karrouchi K, El-gourrami O, doudach L, Bacha RE, Ansar M, Faouzi MEA. Synthesis, spectroscopic and DFT studies of 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide N-glycoside as potential anti-diabetic and antioxidant agent. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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15
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The Benefits of Using Saccharose for Photocatalytic Water Disinfection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094719. [PMID: 35563110 PMCID: PMC9101646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the characteristics of saccharose (sucrose)-modified TiO2 (C/TiO2) photocatalysts obtained using a hydrothermal method at low temperature (100 °C) are presented. The influence of C/TiO2 on survivability and enzyme activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) of Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 29425) and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 49461) under UV-A and artificial solar light (ASL) were examined. The obtained TiO2-1%-S-100 photocatalysts were capable of total E. coli and S. epidermidis inactivation under ASL irradiation in less than 1 h. In addition, the impacts of sugars on the photocatalytic activity and disinfection performance are discussed.
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16
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Dhiman A, Lewis NS, Olokun A, Dlott DD, Tomar V. Thermo-mechanical behavior measurement of polymer-bonded sugar under shock compression using in-situ time-resolved Raman spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1876. [PMID: 35115627 PMCID: PMC8814196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05834-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative information regarding the local behavior of interfaces in an inhomogeneous material during shock loading is limited due to challenges associated with time and spatial resolution. This paper reports the development of a novel method for in-situ measurement of the thermo-mechanical response of polymer bonded sugar composite where measurements are performed during propagagtion of shock wave in sucrose crystal through polydimethylsiloxane binder. The time-resolved measurements were performed with 5 ns resolution providing an estimation on local pressure, temperature, strain rate, and local shock viscosity. The experiments were performed at two different impact velocities to induce shock pressure of 4.26 GPa and 2.22 GPa and strain rate greater than 106/s. The results show the solid to the liquid phase transition of sucrose under shock compression. The results are discussed with the help of fractography analyses of sucrose crystal in order to obtain insights into the underlying heat generation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Dhiman
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, ARMS 2033, 701 W. Stadium Ave., West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Nolan S Lewis
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, ARMS 2033, 701 W. Stadium Ave., West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Ayotomi Olokun
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, ARMS 2033, 701 W. Stadium Ave., West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA
| | - Dana D Dlott
- School of Chemical Sciences and Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Vikas Tomar
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Purdue University, ARMS 2033, 701 W. Stadium Ave., West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2045, USA.
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17
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Influence of sucrose reduction on fouling during the production of dulce de leche. J DAIRY RES 2021; 88:457-460. [PMID: 34886919 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029921000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this Research Communication we focus the food industry´s broad tendency to decrease sugar content in food products onto dulce de leche (DL) and examine the influence of sucrose reduction on the detrimental deposits formed during the production process. The method used to identify the impact produced directly on the heat exchanger during the production of this product with low sucrose content required varying the quantity of sucrose in the milk. Different percentages of sucrose (20, 15, 10, 5 and 0% w/w) were submitted to the DL concentration process in a process simulator. After concentration, the quantification of the deposits formed in each was carried out and these deposits were characterized according to their composition. Methods such as Kjeldahl, Pregl-Dumas and sem-EDS were used. Thus, the work highlights the need to change the product manufacturing process due to changes in the formulation that directly impact the formation of deposits in the equipment used (fouling). This deposit changes significantly in relation to its quantity as well as in relation to the composition and chemical characteristics as the gradual reduction of the sucrose content in the production takes place. Therefore, these impacts must be considered in order to maintain better manufacturing and ensure efficient cleaning of equipment.
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18
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Ruiz-Aguilar C, Olivares-Pinto U, Drew R, Aguilar-Reyes E, Alfonso I. Porogen Effect on Structural and Physical Properties of β-TCP Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Ing Rech Biomed 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Contribution of catechin monomers in tea polyphenols to the structure and physicochemical properties of wheat gluten and its sub-fractions. J Cereal Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2021.103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Brückner H, Höfer S. Dispersion analysis of sucrose C 12H 22O 11 single crystal. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 255:119654. [PMID: 33773430 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the first complete dispersion analysis of a sucrose single crystal in the infrared spectral region between 4000 and 400 cm-1 by means of an adapted generalized dispersion analysis employing the naturally grown crystal faces. The gained dielectric tensor function and the oscillator parameters were confirmed by forward calculation of reflection spectra of different orientations. Reliable growth of large-sized sucrose crystals makes it candidates for doping with photonically active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - S Höfer
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
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21
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Co-crystallized sucrose with propolis extract as a food ingredient: Powder characterization and antioxidant stability. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Hincha DK, Zuther E, Popova AV. Stabilization of Dry Sucrose Glasses by Four LEA_4 Proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050615. [PMID: 33919135 PMCID: PMC8143093 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of many organisms and organs can withstand an (almost) total water loss (anhydrobiosis). Sugars play an essential role in desiccation tolerance due to their glass formation ability during dehydration. In addition, intrinsically disordered LEA proteins contribute to cellular survival under such conditions. One possible mechanism of LEA protein function is the stabilization of sugar glasses. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here we used FTIR spectroscopy to investigate sucrose (Suc) glass stability dried from water or from two buffer components in the presence of four recombinant LEA and globular reference proteins. Buffer ions influenced the strength of the Suc glass in the order Suc < Suc/Tris < Suc/NaP. LEA proteins strengthened the sugar H-bonded network and the molecular structure in the glassy state. The position of νOH peak and the wavenumber–temperature coefficient (WTCg) provided similar information about the H-bonded network. Protein aggregation of LEA proteins was reduced in the desiccation-induced Suc glassy state. Detailed knowledge about the role of LEA proteins in the stabilization of dry sugar glasses yields information about their role in anhydrobiosis. This may open the possibility to use such proteins in biotechnical applications requiring dry storage of biologicals such as proteins, cells or tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk K. Hincha
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Ellen Zuther
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
- Correspondence: (E.Z.); (A.V.P.)
| | - Antoaneta V. Popova
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (E.Z.); (A.V.P.)
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23
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Cui L, Kimmel J, Zhou L, Chen B, Rao J. Improving the functionality of pea protein isolate through co-spray drying with emulsifying salt or disaccharide. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Dhiman A, Lewis NS, Olokun A, Tomar V. Local Shock Properties Measurement Using Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202125001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, the dynamic response of a heterogeneous microstructure of polymer bonded composite was analyzed to a short duration shock pulse. The composite microstructure studied is a polymerbonded sugar (PBS) with single-crystal sucrose embedded inside the polydimethylsiloxane binder. The shock pulse was created by the impact of the aluminum disk at high speeds using a laser-based projectile launch system. The mechanical response on the microscale domain was measured using ultrafast time-resolved Raman spectroscopy. The in-situ analysis of the change in Raman spectra from PBS during shock compression was captured in the time domain using a streak camera. The results show a steeply rising shock front after the impact where the shock pressure rise time was estimated from the time-resolved Raman spectra. The viscoplastic behavior in the local microscale domain was characterized by quantifying effective shock viscosity measured in the vicinity of the crystal-binder interface.
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25
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Gervasoni S, Terzopoulou A, Franco C, Veciana A, Pedrini N, Burri JT, de Marco C, Siringil EC, Chen XZ, Nelson BJ, Puigmartí-Luis J, Pané S. CANDYBOTS: A New Generation of 3D-Printed Sugar-Based Transient Small-Scale Robots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2005652. [PMID: 33191553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are ubiquitous in food, and are among the main sources of energy for almost all forms of life. Sugars can also form structural building blocks such as cellulose in plants. Because of their inherent degradability and biocompatibility characteristics, sugars are compelling materials for transient devices. Here, an additive manufacturing approach for the production of magnetic sugar-based composites is introduced. First, it is shown that sugar-based 3D architectures can be 3D printed by selective laser sintering. This method enables not only the caramelization chemistry but also the mechanical properties of the sugar architectures to be adjusted by varying the laser energy. It is also demonstrated that mixtures of sugar and magnetic particles can be processed as 3D composites. As a proof of concept, a sugar-based millimeter-scale helical swimmer, which is capable of corkscrew motion in a solution with a viscosity comparable to those of biological fluids, is fabricated. The millirobot quickly dissolves in water, while being manipulated through magnetic fields. The present fabrication method can pave the way to a new generation of transient sugar-based small-scale robots for minimally invasive procedures. Due to their rapid dissolution, sugars can be used as an intermediate step for transporting swarms of particles to specific target locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gervasoni
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Anastasia Terzopoulou
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Franco
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Veciana
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Norman Pedrini
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Jan T Burri
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Carmela de Marco
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Erdem C Siringil
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Xiang-Zhong Chen
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Bradley J Nelson
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
| | - Josep Puigmartí-Luis
- Departament de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zurich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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26
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Zhang M, Zhang L, Li M, Sun Q. Inhibitory effects of sorbitol on the collapse and deterioration of gluten network in fresh noodles during storage. Food Chem 2020; 344:128638. [PMID: 33248846 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the inhibitory effects of sorbitol on the collapse of gluten network and textural deterioration of fresh noodles during storage were investigated, based on the changes in macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of gluten protein. Appropriate addition (≤2%) of sorbitol increased dough viscoelasticity and extension energy. Sorbitol significantly inhibited the increase of cooking loss and adhesiveness of fresh noodles, and the decrease of hardness, springiness, LA-SRC value, and GMP weight during storage. SEM images showed that sorbitol retarded the deterioration of gluten network, with maintained continuous and ordered structure after 48 h. Sorbitol enhanced the hydrogen bond interactions in gluten system and promoted dynamic depolymerization and repolymerization of gluten protein molecules during processing and cooking, this may induce the texture stability. Sorbitol as a low-molecular polyol can inhibit the deterioration in gluten network and fresh noodle texture during storage, although showing no influence on the growth of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lingtao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Man Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Qingjie Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
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27
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Balan B, Dhaulaniya AS, Jamwal R, Yadav A, Kelly S, Cannavan A, Singh DK. Rapid detection and quantification of sucrose adulteration in cow milk using Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 240:118628. [PMID: 32599485 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adulteration of milk to gain economic benefit has become a common practice in recent years. Sucrose is illegally added in milk to reconstitute its compositional requirement by improving the total solid contents. The present study is aimed to use FTIR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate chemometric modelling for the differentiation and quantification of sucrose in cow milk. Pure milk and adulterated milk spectra (0.5-7.5% w/v) were observed in the spectral region 4000-400 cm-1. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for the discrimination of pure milk and adulterated milk. Soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) was able to classify test samples with a classification efficiency of 100%. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) and principle component regression (PCR) models were established for normal spectra, 1st derivative and 2nd derivative for the quantification of sucrose in milk. PLS-R model (normal spectra) in the combined wavenumber range of 1070-980 cm-1 showed the best prediction based on parameters like coefficient of determination (R2) (Cal: 0.996; Val: 0.993), RMSE (Cal: 0.15% w/v; Val: 0.20% w/v), RE% (Cal: 4.9% w/v; Val: 5.1% w/v) and RPD (13.40). This method has a detection level of 0.5% w/v sucrose adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biji Balan
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environment Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amit S Dhaulaniya
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environment Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rahul Jamwal
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environment Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Amit Yadav
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environment Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Simon Kelly
- Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew Cannavan
- Seibersdorf Laboratory, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dileep K Singh
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environment Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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28
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Potential of Cellulose Microfibers for PHA and PLA Biopolymers Reinforcement. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204653. [PMID: 33065965 PMCID: PMC7587351 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have attracted the attention of many engineering fields and offered excellent mechanical and physical properties as polymer reinforcement. However, their application in composite products with high material demand is complex due to the current production costs. This work explores the use of cellulose microfibers (MF) obtained by a straightforward water dispersion of kraft paper to reinforce polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and polylactic acid (PLA) films. To assess the influence of this type of filler material on the properties of biopolymers, films were cast and reinforced at different scales, with both CNC and MF separately, to compare their effectiveness. Regarding mechanical properties, CNC has a better reinforcing effect on the tensile strength of PLA samples, though up to 20 wt.% of MF may also lead to stronger PLA films. Moreover, PHA films reinforced with MF are 23% stronger than neat PHA samples. This gain in strength is accompanied by an increment of the stiffness of the material. Additionally, the addition of MF leads to an increase in the crystallinity of PHA that can be controlled by heat treatment followed by quenching. This change in the crystallinity of PHA affects the hygroscopicity of PHA samples, allowing the modification of the water barrier properties according to the required features. The addition of MF to both types of polymers also increases the surface roughness of the films, which may contribute to obtaining better interlaminar bonding in multi-layer composite applications. Due to the partial lignin content in MF from kraft paper, samples reinforced with MF present a UV blocking effect. Therefore, MF from kraft paper may be explored as a way to introduce high fiber concentrations (up to 20 wt.%) from other sources of recycled paper into biocomposite manufacturing with economic and technical benefits.
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Yu G, Li R, Hubel A. Raman Cryomicroscopic Imaging and Sample Holder for Spectroscopic Subzero Temperature Measurements. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2180:351-361. [PMID: 32797420 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0783-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy has been gaining in popularity for noninvasive analysis of single cells. Raman spectra and images deliver meaningful information regarding the biochemical, biophysical, and structural properties of cells in various states. Low-temperature Raman spectroscopy has been applied to verify the presence of ice inside a frozen cell and to illustrate the distribution of both penetrating and non-penetrating cryoprotectants. This chapter delineates Raman cryomicroscopic imaging of single cells as well as sample handling for spectroscopic measurements at subzero temperature. The experimental setup is depicted with a special emphasis on a custom-built temperature-controlled cooling stage. The use of Raman cryomicroscopic imaging is demonstrated using Jurkat cells cryopreserved in a sucrose solution. Moreover, strategies for determining intracellular ice formation (IIF) and analysis of sucrose partitioning across the cell membrane are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Allison Hubel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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30
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Härkönen T, Roininen L, Moores MT, Vartiainen EM. Bayesian Quantification for Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:7005-7012. [PMID: 32673491 PMCID: PMC7458428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
propose a Bayesian statistical model for analyzing coherent
anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectra. Our quantitative analysis
includes statistical estimation of constituent line-shape parameters,
the underlying Raman signal, the error-corrected CARS spectrum, and
the measured CARS spectrum. As such, this work enables extensive uncertainty
quantification in the context of CARS spectroscopy. Furthermore, we
present an unsupervised method for improving spectral resolution of
Raman-like spectra requiring little to no a priori information. Finally, the recently proposed wavelet prism method
for correcting the experimental artifacts in CARS is enhanced by using interpolation techniques for
wavelets. The method is validated using CARS spectra of adenosine
mono-, di-, and triphosphate in water, as well as equimolar aqueous
solutions of d-fructose, d-glucose, and their disaccharide
combination sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu Härkönen
- LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, FI-53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Lassi Roininen
- LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, FI-53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Matthew T Moores
- National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia, University of Wollongong, Keiraville NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Erik M Vartiainen
- LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, FI-53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
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31
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Olson NE, Xiao Y, Lei Z, Ault AP. Simultaneous Optical Photothermal Infrared (O-PTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy of Submicrometer Atmospheric Particles. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9932-9939. [PMID: 32519841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physicochemical analysis of individual atmospheric aerosols at the most abundant sizes in the atmosphere (<1 μm) is analytically challenging, as hundreds to thousands of species are often present in femtoliter volumes. Vibrational spectroscopies, such as infrared (IR) and Raman, have great potential for probing functional groups in single particles at ambient pressure and temperature. However, the diffraction limit of IR radiation limits traditional IR microscopy to particles > ∼10 μm, which have less relevance to aerosol health and climate impacts. Optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy is a contactless method that circumvents diffraction limitations by using changes in the scattering intensity of a continuous wave visible laser (532 nm) to detect the photothermal expansion when a vibrational mode is excited by a tunable IR laser (QCL: 800-1800 cm-1 or OPO: 2600-3600 cm-1). Herein, we simultaneously collect O-PTIR spectra with Raman spectra at a single point for individual particles with aerodynamic diameters <400 nm (prior to impaction and spreading) at ambient temperature and pressure, by also collecting the inelastically scattered visible photons for Raman spectra. O-PTIR and Raman spectra were collected for submicrometer particles with different substrates, particle chemical compositions, and morphologies (i.e., core-shell), as well as IR mapping with submicron spatial resolution. Initial O-PTIR analysis of ambient atmospheric particles identified both inorganic and organic modes in individual sub- and supermicrometer particles. The simultaneous IR and Raman microscopy with submicrometer spatial resolution described herein has considerable potential both in atmospheric chemistry and numerous others fields (e.g., materials and biological research).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Olson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ziying Lei
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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32
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Point-of-care detection, characterization, and removal of chocolate bloom using a handheld Raman spectrometer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9833. [PMID: 32555247 PMCID: PMC7299933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chocolate bloom is an off-white coating on the surface of chocolate products due to the altered distribution of the ingredients. Bloom reduces the shelf-life of chocolate and affects its visual and tactile quality, all of which are serious concerns for chocolate manufacturers and consumers. The automated, rapid, and noninvasive point-of-care detection of chocolate bloom has been an essential but challenging problem. The ability to detect and characterize chocolate bloom using portable laser spectroscopy could be used to develop in-situ quality control sensors. In this work, a handheld Raman spectrometer was used to detect chocolate bloom. Raman spectra acquired from bloomed HERSHEY’S milk chocolate, Hawaiian Host milk chocolate covered macadamia nuts, and Babayevsky Russian dark chocolate were used to characterize the type of bloom. The 1064 nm laser beam of the handheld Raman instrument was used to partially remove the fat bloom of the dark chocolate and to induce sugar bloom on the milk chocolate. The handheld Raman approach has a high potential for industrial and consumer applications for the on-site chemical analysis of chocolate bloom and as an alternative laser-based chocolate decoration.
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33
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Petković M, Leopold J, Popović I, Dimić D, Ilić J, Nenadović M, Rakočević Z, Schiller J. Performances of ionic liquid matrices with butyl ammonium counterion for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric detection and analysis of sucralfate. J Carbohydr Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2019.1669633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Petković
- Department of Atomic Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jenny Leopold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iva Popović
- Department of Atomic Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelica Ilić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miloš Nenadović
- Department of Atomic Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zlatko Rakočević
- Department of Atomic Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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34
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Garrido C, Clavijo E, Copaja S, Gómez-Jeria J, Campos-Vallette M. Vibrational and electronic spectroscopic detection and quantification of carminic acid in candies. Food Chem 2019; 283:164-169. [PMID: 30722856 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Carminic acid (CA) contained in one kind of gummy candy was detected and quantified by using vibrational and electronic spectroscopy, respectively; the proposed methodology in solution is simple and rapid without sample pretreatment as usually used and reported. The identification of CA in candies was performed through the Raman and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra along with the equivalent spectral data from the natural CA dye. A modified silver colloidal solution was used in order to obtain SERS activity of CA at very low concentration in colloidal aqueous solution. Theoretical calculations allow infer about both the CA/silver surface interaction nature and on the orientation of CA on the surface. The electronic spectroscopic (UV-Vis) data allowed quantify CA in candies; the amount resulted nearly identical to that determined from HPLC traditional measurements. The present results should contribute to the health of children consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Garrido
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Metallic Nanoparticles, Faculty of Basics Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ernesto Clavijo
- Laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sylvia Copaja
- Laboratory of Organic and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Gómez-Jeria
- Laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Campos-Vallette
- Laboratory of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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35
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Yu G, Li R, Hubel A. Interfacial Interactions of Sucrose during Cryopreservation Detected by Raman Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7388-7395. [PMID: 30398347 PMCID: PMC8023323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the use of sugars to preserve cells. In this study, low temperature Raman spectroscopy was used to characterize the behaviors of sucrose during freezing. The hydrogen bond network between sucrose and water was investigated at -10 °C and -50 °C, and the Raman spectra showed strengthened sucrose-water and sucrose-sucrose hydrogen bonds in more concentrated sucrose solution at -50 °C. The concentration of sucrose at the ice interface increased as the ice density decreased, and it plateaued across a narrow channel of nonfrozen sucrose solution before it decreased toward the next ice interface. The biophysical environment at interfaces between the cell and nonfrozen sucrose solution and between the cell and extracellular ice was also studied. A thin layer of nonfrozen sucrose solution was observed at the interface between the cell and extracellular ice. The extracellular concentration of sucrose at this interface was generally lower than that of bulk nonfrozen sucrose solution. The variation of sucrose concentration outside different regions of the cell membrane suggests that the chemical environment around the cell during freezing may be more heterogeneous than previously thought. Raman spectra and images also showed colocalization of nonfrozen sucrose solution and the cell, which implied that direct interaction between sucrose and cell membrane might be responsible for protective properties of sucrose. Sucrose was predominantly distributed outside the cell, and the observation of strong partitioning of sucrose across the cell membrane is consistent with substantial cell dehydration detected by the Raman spectra. This work enhances our understanding of the behaviors of sucrose solution and its interactions with cells at low temperature and can improve cryopreservation protocols of cells frozen in a sucrose-based media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Allison Hubel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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36
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Poly (lactic acid)/modified gum arabic (MG)based microcellular composite foam: Effect of MG on foam properties, thermal and crystallization behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:159-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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37
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Maity K, Garain S, Henkel K, Schmeißer D, Mandal D. Natural Sugar-Assisted, Chemically Reinforced, Highly Durable Piezoorganic Nanogenerator with Superior Power Density for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:44018-44032. [PMID: 30456939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b15320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural piezoelectric materials are of increasing interest, particularly for applications in biocompatible, implantable, and flexible electronic devices. In this paper, we introduce a cost-effective, easily available natural piezoelectric material, that is, sugar in the field of wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs) where low electrical output, biocompatibility, and performance durability are still critical issues. We report on a high-performance piezoorganic nanogenerator (PONG) based on the hybridization of sugar-encapsulated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber webs (SGNFW). We explore the crucial role of single-crystal sugar having a fascinating structure along with the synergistic enhancement of piezoelectricity during nanoconfinement of sugar-interfaced macromolecular PVDF chains. As a consequence, the SGNFW-based PONG exhibits outstanding electricity generation capability (e.g., ∼100 V under 10 kPa human finger impact and maximum power density of 33 mW/m2) in combination with sensitivity to abundantly available different mechanical sources (such as wind flow, vibration, personal electronics, and acoustic vibration). Consequently, it opens up suitability in multifunctional self-powered wearable sensor designs for realistic implementation. In addition, commercially available capacitors are charged up effectively by the PONG because of its rapid energy storage capability. The high performance of the PONG not only offers "battery-free" energy generation (several portable units of light-emitting diodes and a liquid crystal display screen are powered up without using external storage) but also promises its use in wireless signal transmitting systems, which widens the potential in personal health care monitoring. Furthermore, owing to the geometrical stress confinement effect, the PONG is proven to be a highly durable power-generating device validated by stability test over 10 weeks. Therefore, the organic nanogenerator would be a convenient solution for portable personal electronic devices that are expected to operate in a self-powered manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Maity
- Organic Nano-Piezoelectric Device Laboratory (ONPDL), Department of Physics , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Samiran Garain
- Organic Nano-Piezoelectric Device Laboratory (ONPDL), Department of Physics , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
- Applied Physics and Sensor Technology , Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg , K.-Wachsmann-Allee 17 , 03046 Cottbus , Germany
| | - Karsten Henkel
- Applied Physics and Sensor Technology , Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg , K.-Wachsmann-Allee 17 , 03046 Cottbus , Germany
- Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy , Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg , K.-Zuse-Str. 1 , 03046 Cottbus , Germany
| | - Dieter Schmeißer
- Applied Physics and Sensor Technology , Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg , K.-Wachsmann-Allee 17 , 03046 Cottbus , Germany
| | - Dipankar Mandal
- Organic Nano-Piezoelectric Device Laboratory (ONPDL), Department of Physics , Jadavpur University , Kolkata 700032 , India
- Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST) , Mohali 160062 , India
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38
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Kaminari AA, Boyatzis SC, Alexopoulou A. Linking Infrared Spectra of Laboratory Iron Gall Inks Based on Traditional Recipes with their Material Components. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 72:1511-1527. [PMID: 29747520 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818778319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The question for discriminating iron gall inks is addressed by correlating their infrared (IR) spectra in liquid and dried states with the materials used in their formulations and considering their possible interactions. A series of laboratory inks were prepared according to historic recipes, mainly found in 19th-century documents, and were accordingly studied using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. All ink formulations were based on Aleppo galls, ferrous sulfate, and gum arabic at variable proportions, with various added components, such as alum, vinegar, glycerol, sugar, silver nitrate, cloves, and white wine. Ingredients of the corresponding inks were recognized by means of their IR fingerprints in both their liquid and dried states, respectively. Although a few inks of distinct formulations showed discernible differences in their spectra, the majority showed quite similar absorptions. Principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were employed to successfully discriminate inks, based on their IR peaks. Spectra recorded in the liquid state, despite their broad absorption features, led to satisfactory discrimination of certain types of inks as most of their ingredients are reflected in their IR peaks. Spectra from dried inks contained similar information, which equally worked in a sufficient discriminatory way. Key IR peaks in the recorded spectra of inks made with the addition of special ingredients, such as vinegar, wine, alum, glycerol, and sugar, as well as those prepared with specific tannin-enhancing procedures, such as gall boiling, were located and used in the discrimination basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathi-Anthoula Kaminari
- 1 Department for Conservation of Antiquities and Works of Art, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatis C Boyatzis
- 1 Department for Conservation of Antiquities and Works of Art, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Alexopoulou
- 1 Department for Conservation of Antiquities and Works of Art, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece
- 2 Athens University of Applied Sciences, Athens, Greece
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Borkotoky SS, Dhar P, Katiyar V. Biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite microcellular foam: Effect of nanofillers on foam cellular morphology, thermal and wettability behavior. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:433-446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Vásquez-Rivera A, Sommer KK, Oldenhof H, Higgins AZ, Brockbank KGM, Hilfiker A, Wolkers WF. Simultaneous monitoring of different vitrification solution components permeating into tissues. Analyst 2018; 143:420-428. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01576c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation can be used for long-term preservation of tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim K. Sommer
- Institute of Multiphase Processes
- Leibniz Universität Hannover
- Hannover
- Germany
| | - Harriëtte Oldenhof
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine
- Clinic for Horses
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
- Hannover
- Germany
| | - Adam Z. Higgins
- School of Chemical
- Biological and Environmental Engineering
- Oregon State University
- Corvallis
- USA
| | | | - Andres Hilfiker
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs
- Hannover Medical School
- Hannover
- Germany
| | - Willem F. Wolkers
- Institute of Multiphase Processes
- Leibniz Universität Hannover
- Hannover
- Germany
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Wiercigroch E, Szafraniec E, Czamara K, Pacia MZ, Majzner K, Kochan K, Kaczor A, Baranska M, Malek K. Raman and infrared spectroscopy of carbohydrates: A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 185:317-335. [PMID: 28599236 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are widespread and naturally occurring compounds, and essential constituents for living organisms. They are quite often reported when biological systems are studied and their role is discussed. However surprisingly, up till now there is no database collecting vibrational spectra of carbohydrates and their assignment, as has been done already for other biomolecules. So, this paper serves as a comprehensive review, where for selected 14 carbohydrates in the solid state both FT-Raman and ATR FT-IR spectra were collected and assigned. Carbohydrates can be divided into four chemical groups and in the same way is organized this review. First, the smallest molecules are discussed, i.e. monosaccharides (d-(-)-ribose, 2-deoxy-d-ribose, l-(-)-arabinose, d-(+)-xylose, d-(+)-glucose, d-(+)-galactose and d-(-)-fructose) and disaccharides (d-(+)-sucrose, d-(+)-maltose and d-(+)-lactose), and then more complex ones, i.e. trisaccharides (d-(+)-raffinose) and polysaccharides (amylopectin, amylose, glycogen). Both Raman and IR spectra were collected in the whole spectral range and discussed looking at the specific regions, i.e. region V (3600-3050cm-1), IV (3050-2800cm-1) and II (1200-800cm-1) assigned to the stretching vibrations of the OH, CH/CH2 and C-O/C-C groups, respectively, and region III (1500-1200cm-1) and I (800-100cm-1) dominated by deformational modes of the CH/CH2 and CCO groups, respectively. In spite of the fact that vibrational spectra of saccharides are significantly less specific than spectra of other biomolecules (e.g. lipids or proteins), marker bands of the studied molecules can be identified and correlated with their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Wiercigroch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Szafraniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Z Pacia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Kochan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
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42
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Hédoux A, Guinet Y, Carpentier L, Paccou L, Derollez P, Brandán SA. Structural and vibrational characterization of sugar arabinitol structures employing micro-Raman spectra and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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43
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Taheri-Torbati M, Eshghi H, Rounaghi SA, Shiri A, Mirzaei M. Synthesis, characterization and application of nitrogen–sulfur-doped carbon spheres as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of novel α-aminophosphonates. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Qin J, Kim MS, Chao K, Schmidt WF, Dhakal S, Cho BK, Peng Y, Huang M. Subsurface inspection of food safety and quality using line-scan spatially offset Raman spectroscopy technique. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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45
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Victor T, Delpratt N, Cseke SB, Miller LM, Cseke LJ. Imaging Nutrient Distribution in the Rhizosphere Using FTIR Imaging. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4831-4837. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Victor
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Natalie Delpratt
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Sarah Beth Cseke
- Department
of Biological Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Lisa M. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- National
Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Leland James Cseke
- Department
of Biological Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
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46
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Marano S, Barker SA, Raimi-Abraham BT, Missaghi S, Rajabi-Siahboomi A, Craig DQM. Development of micro-fibrous solid dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs in sucrose using temperature-controlled centrifugal spinning. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 103:84-94. [PMID: 27012901 PMCID: PMC4866555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Solid dispersion technology represents a successful approach to addressing the bioavailability issues caused by the low aqueous solubility of many Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class II drugs. In this study, the use of high-yield manufacture of fiber-based dispersion is explored as an alternative approach to monolith production methods. A temperature-controlled solvent-free centrifugal spinning process was used to produce sucrose-based microfibers containing the poorly water-soluble drugs olanzapine and piroxicam (both BCS Class II); these were successfully incorporated into the microfibers and the basic characteristics of fiber diameter, glassy behavior, drug loading capacity and drug-sucrose interaction assessment were measured. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that bead-free drug-loaded microfibers with homogenous morphology and diameter in the range of a few micrometers were prepared using our process. Differential scanning calorimetric and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that both drug and carrier were present in the amorphous state in the microfibers, although in the case of piroxicam-loaded microfibers, the presence of small amounts of crystalline drug was observed under polarized light microscopy and in Fourier transform infrared spectra. Drug dissolution performance was evaluated under both sink and non-sink conditions and was found to be significantly enhanced compared to the corresponding crystalline physical mixtures and pure drugs, with evidence of supersaturation behavior noted under non-sink conditions. This study has demonstrated that microfiber-based dispersions may be manufactured by the centrifugal spinning process and may possess characteristics that are favorable for the enhanced dissolution and oral absorption of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shahrzad Missaghi
- Colorcon Inc., Global Headquarters, 275 Ruth Road, Harleysville, PA 19438, USA.
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47
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Hopkins AJ, Cooper JL, Profeta LTM, Ford AR. Portable Deep-Ultraviolet (DUV) Raman for Standoff Detection. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 70:861-73. [PMID: 27059445 DOI: 10.1177/0003702816638285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Alakai Defense Systems has recently developed a man-portable ultraviolet Raman spectrometer system. The portable Raman improvised explosives detector was designed to provide rapid, standoff detection of chemicals of interest to the end user, including, but not limited to explosives, narcotics, toxic industrial chemicals, and toxic industrial materials. In this paper, we discuss general aspects of the system design and user interface. Spectral and instrument performance data are shown for several common materials involved in narcotics manufacture, as well as cocaine and heroin, with comparisons to currently marketed handheld Raman instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alan R Ford
- Alakai Defense Systems, Inc., Largo, FL, USA
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48
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Iramain MA, Davies L, Brandán SA. FTIR, HATR and FT-Raman studies on the anhydrous and monohydrate species of maltose in aqueous solution. Carbohydr Res 2016; 428:41-56. [PMID: 27131126 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The structures of α- and β-maltose anhydrous and their corresponding monohydrated species were studied combining the FT-IR, FT-Raman and HATR spectra with DFT calculations. The four structures were optimized in gas and aqueous solution by using the hybrid B3LYP/6-31G* method. The self-consistent force field (SCRF) calculations together with the polarized continuum (PCM) model were used to study the systems in solution while the solvation energies were computed using the solvation model (SM). The calculated structural and vibrational properties could explain the anomerization of maltose in solution, as was reported in the literature while the natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses for those species support clearly the mutarotation equilibria between both forms in solution, evidencing the anhydrous forms the equilibrium: α (45%) ⇔ β (55%), similar to that experimentally reported at 20 °C. Bands of all the species observed in the vibrational spectra support the presence of the anomeric species of maltose in solution while the presence of dimeric species justify the intense IR bands observed in the higher wavenumbers region. The similar gap values for maltose and lactose probably justify that these sugars are reducing sugars while the high values in sucrose could explain that it is a non-reducing sugar. On the other hand, the sweeteners cyclamate and saccharine are most reactive in solution than the sugars maltose, lactose and sucrose, as expected due to their ionic characteristics. The predicted vibrational spectra for the four species of maltose show reasonable concordances with the corresponding experimental ones. The f(δC-O-C) force constants of the glycosidic bonds follow the tendency: maltose > lactose > sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Alberto Iramain
- Cátedra de Química General, Instituto de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Lilian Davies
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400 Salta, Argentina
| | - Silvia Antonia Brandán
- Cátedra de Química General, Instituto de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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49
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López-Córdoba A, Gallo L, Bucalá V, Martino M, Navarro A. Co-crystallization of zinc sulfate with sucrose: A promissory strategy to render zinc solid dosage forms more palatable. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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50
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In Vitro Release Kinetics and Transferrin Saturation Study of Intravenous Iron Sucrose Entrapped in Poly(ethylene glycol)-Assisted Silica Xerogel. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:1351-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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