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Buckland B, Sanyal G, Ranheim T, Pollard D, Searles JA, Behrens S, Pluschkell S, Josefsberg J, Roberts CJ. Vaccine process technology-A decade of progress. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 38711222 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In the past decade, new approaches to the discovery and development of vaccines have transformed the field. Advances during the COVID-19 pandemic allowed the production of billions of vaccine doses per year using novel platforms such as messenger RNA and viral vectors. Improvements in the analytical toolbox, equipment, and bioprocess technology have made it possible to achieve both unprecedented speed in vaccine development and scale of vaccine manufacturing. Macromolecular structure-function characterization technologies, combined with improved modeling and data analysis, enable quantitative evaluation of vaccine formulations at single-particle resolution and guided design of vaccine drug substances and drug products. These advances play a major role in precise assessment of critical quality attributes of vaccines delivered by newer platforms. Innovations in label-free and immunoassay technologies aid in the characterization of antigenic sites and the development of robust in vitro potency assays. These methods, along with molecular techniques such as next-generation sequencing, will accelerate characterization and release of vaccines delivered by all platforms. Process analytical technologies for real-time monitoring and optimization of process steps enable the implementation of quality-by-design principles and faster release of vaccine products. In the next decade, the field of vaccine discovery and development will continue to advance, bringing together new technologies, methods, and platforms to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Buckland
- National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Gautam Sanyal
- Vaccine Analytics, LLC, Kendall Park, New Jersey, USA
| | - Todd Ranheim
- Advanced Analytics Core, Resilience, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Pollard
- Sartorius, Corporate Research, Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Sue Behrens
- Engineering and Biopharmaceutical Processing, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California, USA
| | - Stefanie Pluschkell
- National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Jessica Josefsberg
- Merck & Co., Inc., Process Research & Development, Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christopher J Roberts
- National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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2
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Pham C, Guo S, Han X, Coleman L, Sze CW, Wang H, Liu J, Li C. A pleiotropic role of sialidase in the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0034423. [PMID: 38376159 PMCID: PMC10929438 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00344-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the keystone pathogens of periodontitis, the oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis produces an array of virulence factors, including a recently identified sialidase (PG0352). Our previous report involving loss-of-function studies indicated that PG0352 plays an important role in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis. However, this report had not been corroborated by gain-of-function studies or substantiated in different P. gingivalis strains. To fill these gaps, herein we first confirm the role of PG0352 in cell surface structures (e.g., capsule) and serum resistance using P. gingivalis W83 strain through genetic complementation and then recapitulate these studies using P. gingivalis ATCC33277 strain. We further investigate the role of PG0352 and its counterpart (PGN1608) in ATCC33277 in cell growth, biofilm formation, neutrophil killing, cell invasion, and P. gingivalis-induced inflammation. Our results indicate that PG0352 and PGN1608 are implicated in P. gingivalis cell surface structures, hydrophobicity, biofilm formation, resistance to complement and neutrophil killing, and host immune responses. Possible molecular mechanisms involved are also discussed. In summary, this report underscores the importance of sialidases in the pathophysiology of P. gingivalis and opens an avenue to elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Pham
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shuaiqi Guo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Laurynn Coleman
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ching Wooen Sze
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chunhao Li
- Department of Oral Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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3
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Imperio D, Brentazzoli M, Valloni F, Minassi A, Panza L. Iodine-triphenylphosphine triggers an easy one-pot alpha stereoselective dehydrative glycosylation on hemiacetalic benzylated glycosyl donors. Carbohydr Res 2023; 533:108944. [PMID: 37729855 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of new glycosylation reactions is still a major challenge in carbohydrate chemistry. Traditional glycosylation reactions require the preparation of sugar donors with anomeric active or latent leaving groups. Dehydrative glycosylation is a fascinating alternative that enables the direct formation of the glycosidic bond from the hemiacetal, eliminating the need for (sometimes unstable) leaving groups, and allowing to reduce reaction, work-up, and purification times. Although some interesting methods of dehydrative glycosylation have been reported, in order to compete with conventional chemical glycosylation, a greater number of efficient and stereoselective methods need to be developed. Herein, a dehydrative procedure that uses a combination of iodine, triphenylphosphine, and a base (DMAP or imidazole) is described. This methodology allows for the preparation of sugar derivatives from commercially available 1-hydroxy glycosyl donors. The reaction takes place under mild conditions through the in situ-formation of an anomeric iodide intermediate, which, upon reaction with an alcohol, gives the corresponding glycosides up to quantitative yields and with high α-stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Imperio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Brentazzoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Filippo Valloni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Alberto Minassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Luigi Panza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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4
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Optimization of the Process for Preparing Bivalent Polysaccharide Conjugates to Develop Multivalent Conjugate Vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae or Neisseria meningitidis and Comparison with the Corresponding Licensed Vaccines in Animal Models. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:22-34. [PMID: 36680685 PMCID: PMC9862236 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe, optimize and evaluate a method for preparing multivalent conjugate vaccines by simultaneous conjugation of two different bacterial capsular polysaccharides (CPs) with tetanus toxoid (TT) as bivalent conjugates. METHODS Different molecular weights (MWs) of polysaccharides, activating agents and capsular polysaccharide/protein (CP/Pro) ratio that may influence conjugation and immunogenicity were investigated and optimized to prepare the bivalent conjugate bulk. Using the described method and optimized parameters, a 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and a bivalent meningococcal vaccine were developed and their effectiveness was compared to that of corresponding licensed vaccines in rabbit or mouse models. RESULTS The immunogenicity test revealed that polysaccharides with lower MWs were better for Pn1-TT-Pn3 and MenA-TT-MenC, while higher MWs were superior for Pn4-TT-Pn14, Pn6A-TT-Pn6B, Pn7F-TT-Pn23F and Pn8-TT-Pn11A. For activating polysaccharides, 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) was superior to cyanogen bromide (CNBr), but for Pn1, Pn3 and MenC, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDAC) was the most suitable option. For Pn6A-TT-Pn6B and Pn8-TT-Pn11A, rabbits immunized with bivalent conjugates with lower CP/Pro ratios showed significantly stronger CP-specific antibody responses, while for Pn4-TT-Pn14, higher CP/Pro ratio was better. Instead of interfering with the respective immunological activity, our bivalent conjugates usually induced higher IgG titers than their monovalent counterparts. CONCLUSION The result indicated that the described conjugation technique was feasible and efficacious to prepare glycoconjugate vaccines, laying a solid foundation for developing extended-valent multivalent or combined conjugate vaccines without potentially decreased immune function.
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Wang Z, Gimeno A, Lete MG, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Chiodo F, Jiménez-Barbero J, Codée JDC. Synthetic Zwitterionic Streptococcus pneumoniae Type 1 Oligosaccharides Carrying Labile O-Acetyl Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211940. [PMID: 36350770 PMCID: PMC10107948 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the first total synthesis of the Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 (Sp1) oligosaccharide, a unique zwitterionic capsular polysaccharide carrying labile O-acetyl esters. The target oligosaccharides, featuring rare α-2,4-diamino-2,4,6-trideoxy galactose (AAT) and α-galacturonic acids, were assembled up to the 9-mer level, in a highly stereoselective manner using trisaccharide building blocks. The lability of the O-acetyl esters imposed a careful deprotection scheme to prevent migration and hydrolysis. The migration was investigated in detail at various pD values using NMR spectroscopy, to show that migration and hydrolysis of the C-3-O-acetyl esters readily takes place under neutral conditions. Structural investigation showed the oligomers to adopt a right-handed helical structure with the acetyl esters exposed on the periphery of the helix in close proximity of the neighboring AAT residues, thereby imposing conformational restrictions on the AATα1-4GalA(3OAc) glycosidic linkages, supporting the helical shape of the polysaccharide, that has been proposed to be critical for its unique biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48170, Derio, Spain
| | - Marta G Lete
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48170, Derio, Spain
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Gijsbert A van der Marel
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.,Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, 1007 MB, Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48170, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry, II Faculty of Science and Technology, EHU-UPV, 48940, Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeroen D C Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden (The, Netherlands
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6
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Song Q, Kong L. Chemical structure and protective effect against alcoholic kidney and heart damages of a novel polysaccharide from Piperis Dahongpao. Carbohydr Res 2022; 522:108698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Halder T, Yadav SK, Yadav S. Synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia O6 antigen through step-wise and one-pot approaches. Carbohydr Res 2022; 521:108669. [PMID: 36099720 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic conjugate vaccines are an important area of research for the prevention and occurrence of diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria. For the development of such vaccines, access to the pure and homogeneous oligosaccharide fragments of the bacterial cell surface polysaccharides are necessary. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a typical opportunistic Gram-negative bacteria that causes severe pulmonary and other infections; often in hospitalized patients. With the emergence of multidrug resistant strains and increased virulence, new therapeutic strategies are needed to combat the threat. Herein, we report the syntheses of the trisaccharide repeating unit of S. maltophilia O6 antigen through stepwise and one-pot assemblies of the trisaccharide. The target trisaccharide was appended with a 2-aminoethyl linker that could provide the opportunity for conjugation to carrier proteins for the synthesis of vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Halder
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sunil K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Somnath Yadav
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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8
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Cross reacting material (CRM197) as a carrier protein for carbohydrate conjugate vaccines targeted at bacterial and fungal pathogens. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:775-798. [PMID: 35872318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper gives an overview of conjugate glycovaccines which contain recombinant diphtheria toxoid CRM197 as a carrier protein. A special focus is given to synthetic methods used for preparation of neoglycoconjugates of CRM197 with oligosaccharide epitopes of cell surface carbohydrates of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Syntheses of commercial vaccines and laboratory specimen on the basis of CRM197 are outlined briefly.
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9
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Del Bino L, Østerlid KE, Wu DY, Nonne F, Romano MR, Codée J, Adamo R. Synthetic Glycans to Improve Current Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Fight Antimicrobial Resistance. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15672-15716. [PMID: 35608633 PMCID: PMC9614730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Candida auris, have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B Streptococci, are classified as concerning threats. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated to be an efficacious and cost-effective measure to combat infections against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and, more recently, Salmonella typhi. Recent times have seen enormous progress in methodologies for the assembly of complex glycans and glycoconjugates, with developments in synthetic, chemoenzymatic, and glycoengineering methodologies. This review analyzes the advancement of glycoconjugate vaccines based on synthetic carbohydrates to improve existing vaccines and identify novel candidates to combat AMR. Through this literature survey we built an overview of structure-immunogenicity relationships from available data and identify gaps and areas for further research to better exploit the peculiar role of carbohydrates as vaccine targets and create the next generation of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitt Emilie Østerlid
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dung-Yeh Wu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jeroen Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Berti F. Expanding polysaccharide-protein coupling of glycoconjugate vaccines. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101755. [PMID: 35202656 PMCID: PMC8914364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
For the preparation of glycoconjugate vaccines, polysaccharide antigens can usually be chemically modified to generate reactive functional groups (e.g., the formation of aldehyde groups by periodate oxidation of adjacent diols) for covalent coupling with proteins. In a recent issue of JBC, Duke et al. showed that an alternative agent, galactose oxidase (GOase) isolated from the fungus Fusarium sp. can generate aldehyde groups in a unique chemoenzymatic approach to prepare a conjugate vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae. These findings introduce a new strategy for the design and development of glycoconjugate vaccines.
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11
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Chemical structure and ACE inhibitory activity of polysaccharide from Artemisia vulgaris L. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Duke JA, Paschall AV, Glushka J, Lees A, Moremen KW, Avci FY. Harnessing galactose oxidase in the development of a chemoenzymatic platform for glycoconjugate vaccine design. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101453. [PMID: 34838818 PMCID: PMC8689215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the preparation of commercial conjugate vaccines, capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) must undergo chemical modification to generate the reactive groups necessary for covalent attachment to a protein carrier. One of the most common approaches employed for this derivatization is sodium periodate (NaIO4) oxidation of vicinal diols found within CPS structures. This procedure is largely random and structurally damaging, potentially resulting in significant changes in the CPS structure and therefore its antigenicity. Additionally, periodate activation of CPS often gives rise to heterogeneous conjugate vaccine products with variable efficacy. Here, we explore the use of an alternative agent, galactose oxidase (GOase) isolated from Fusarium sp. in a chemoenzymatic approach to generate a conjugate vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Using a colorimetric assay and NMR spectroscopy, we found that GOase generated aldehyde motifs on the CPS of S. pneumoniae serotype 14 (Pn14p) in a site-specific and reversible fashion. Direct comparison of Pn14p derivatized by either GOase or NaIO4 illustrates the functionally deleterious role chemical oxidation can have on CPS structures. Immunization with the conjugate synthesized using GOase provided a markedly improved humoral response over the traditional periodate-oxidized group. Further, functional protection was validated in vitro by measure of opsonophagocytic killing and in vivo through a lethality challenge in mice. Overall, this work introduces a strategy for glycoconjugate development that overcomes limitations previously known to play a role in the current approach of vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Duke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Amy V Paschall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - John Glushka
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew Lees
- Fina Biosolutions, LLC, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Fikri Y Avci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
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13
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Sukhova EV, Yashunsky DV, Kurbatova EA, Akhmatova EA, Tsvetkov YE, Nifantiev NE. Synthesis and Preliminary Immunological Evaluation of a Pseudotetrasaccharide Related to a Repeating Unit of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 6A Capsular Polysaccharide. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:754753. [PMID: 34966778 PMCID: PMC8710661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.754753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Aminoethyl glycoside of the pseudotetrasaccharide α-d-Glcp-(1→3)-α-l-Rhap-(1→3)-d-Rib-ol-(5-P-2)-α-d-Galp corresponding to a repeating unit of the Streptococcus pneumoniae type 6A capsular polysaccharide has been synthesized. A suitably protected pseudotrisaccharide α-d-Glcp-(1→3)-α-l-Rhap-(1→3)-d-Rib-ol with a free 5-OH group in the ribitol moiety and a 2-OH derivative of 2-trifluoroacetamidoethyl α-d-galactopyranoside have been efficiently prepared and then connected via a phosphate bridge using the hydrogen phosphonate procedure. Preliminary immunological evaluation of this pseudotetrasaccharide and the previously synthesized pseudotetrasaccharide corresponding to a repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of S. pneumoniae serotype 6B has shown that they contain epitopes specifically recognized by anti-serogroup 6 antibodies and are able to model well the corresponding capsular polysaccharides. Conjugates of the synthetic pseudotetrasaccharides with bovine serum albumin were shown to be immunogenic in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Sukhova
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Yashunsky
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Kurbatova
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Vaccines, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elina A Akhmatova
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Vaccines, Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury E Tsvetkov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Wei R, Yang X, Liu H, Wei T, Chen S, Li X. Synthetic Pseudaminic-Acid-Based Antibacterial Vaccine Confers Effective Protection against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1535-1542. [PMID: 34584955 PMCID: PMC8461771 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii exhibits resistance to most first-line antibiotics; thus, development of new antibacterial agents is urgently required. Pseudaminic acid exists as the surface glycan of A. baumannii. In this study, we chemically synthesized pseudaminic acid, conjugated it to carrier protein CRM197 using the OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) chemistry, and obtained three Pse-CRM197 conjugates with different Pse loadings. These Pse-CRM197 conjugates were found to stimulate high immune responses in mice, which protected the vaccinated mice from infections caused by Pse-producing A. baumannii. Our data indicate that chemically synthesized Pse-CRM197 conjugates can be developed into vaccines against Pse-bearing pathogens, thus offering a feasible alternative for the control of clinical infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii, for which current treatment options are extremely limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Wei
- Department
of Chemistry, the State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary
Medicine and Life Sciences, City University
of Hong Kong, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, the State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department
of Chemistry, the State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary
Medicine and Life Sciences, City University
of Hong Kong, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department
of Chemistry, the State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077 Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR,
P. R. China
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