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Loh JYY, Wang A, Mohan A, Tountas AA, Gouda AM, Tavasoli A, Ozin GA. Leave No Photon Behind: Artificial Intelligence in Multiscale Physics of Photocatalyst and Photoreactor Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306604. [PMID: 38477404 PMCID: PMC11095204 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Although solar fuels photocatalysis offers the promise of converting carbon dioxide directly with sunlight as commercially scalable solutions have remained elusive over the past few decades, despite significant advancements in photocatalysis band-gap engineering and atomic site activity. The primary challenge lies not in the discovery of new catalyst materials, which are abundant, but in overcoming the bottlenecks related to material-photoreactor synergy. These factors include achieving photogeneration and charge-carrier recombination at reactive sites, utilizing high mass transfer efficiency supports, maximizing solar collection, and achieving uniform light distribution within a reactor. Addressing this multi-dimensional problem necessitates harnessing machine learning techniques to analyze real-world data from photoreactors and material properties. In this perspective, the challenges are outlined associated with each bottleneck factor, review relevant data analysis studies, and assess the requirements for developing a comprehensive solution that can unlock the full potential of solar fuels photocatalysis technology. Physics-informed machine learning (or Physics Neural Networks) may be the key to advancing this important area from disparate data towards optimal reactor solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Yi Yang Loh
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
- The Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe Photon Science InstituteAlan Turing Building, Oxford RdManchesterM13 9PYUK
| | - Andrew Wang
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
| | - Abhinav Mohan
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry200 College St, TorontoOntarioM5S 3E5Canada
| | - Athanasios A. Tountas
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry200 College St, TorontoOntarioM5S 3E5Canada
| | - Abdelaziz M. Gouda
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
| | - Alexandra Tavasoli
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
- The Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of British Columbia6250 Applied Science Ln #2054VancouverBCV6T 1Z4Canada
| | - Geoffrey A. Ozin
- Solar Fuels Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3H6Canada
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Activated carbon adsorbent derived from waste biomass, “Croton caudatus” for efficient removal of 2-chlorophenol from aqueous solution: Kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamics and DFT simulation. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Wang D, Mueses MA, Márquez JAC, Machuca-Martínez F, Grčić I, Peralta Muniz Moreira R, Li Puma G. Engineering and modeling perspectives on photocatalytic reactors for water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117421. [PMID: 34390948 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The debate on whether photocatalysis can reach full maturity at commercial level as an effective and economical process for treatment and purification of water and wastewater has recently intensified. Despite a bloom of scientific investigations in the last 30 years, particularly with regards to innovative photocatalytic materials, photocatalysis has so far seen a few industrial applications. Regardless of the points of view, it has been realized that research on reactor design and modeling are now equally urgent to match the extensive research carried out on innovative photocatalytic materials. In reality, the development of photocatalytic reactors has advanced steadily in terms of modeling and reactor design over the last two decades, though this topic has captured a smaller specialized audience. In this critical review, we introduce the latest developments on photocatalytic reactors for water treatment from an engineering perspective. The focus is on the modeling and design of photocatalytic reactors for water treatment at pilot- or at greater scale. Photocatalytic reactors utilizing both natural sunlight and UV irradiation sources are comprehensively discussed. The most promising photoreactor designs and models are examined giving key design guidelines. Other engineering considerations, such as operation, cost analysis, patents, and several industrial applications of photocatalytic reactors for water treatment are also presented. The dissemination of key photocatalytic reactor design principles among the scientific community and the water industry is currently one of the greatest obstacles in translating PWT research into widespread real-world application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Miguel Angel Mueses
- Photocatalysis & Solar Photoreactors Engineering, Modeling & Application of AOPs, Chemical Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, Zip code 1382-Postal 195, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - José Angel Colina Márquez
- Photocatalysis & Solar Photoreactors Engineering, Modeling & Application of AOPs, Chemical Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, Zip code 1382-Postal 195, Cartagena, Colombia
| | | | - Ivana Grčić
- Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering, Department for Environmental Engineering, University of Zagreb, Hallerova aleja 7, Varaždin HR-42000, Croatia
| | - Rodrigo Peralta Muniz Moreira
- Environmental Nanocatalysis & Photoreaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Li Puma
- Environmental Nanocatalysis & Photoreaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.
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Hadi S, Taheri E, Amin MM, Fatehizadeh A, Aminabhavi TM. Advanced oxidation of 4-chlorophenol via combined pulsed light and sulfate radicals methods: Effect of co-existing anions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 291:112595. [PMID: 33940359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed light (PL) technology, which is based on photonic technology involves the application of broadband emission of light with short and high-power pulses is beginning to emerge for the treatment of wastes via advanced oxidation processes (AOP). The present work investigates the efficiency of PL as a light source for persulfate (PS) activation (PL/PS) and 4-chlorophenol)4-CP) degradation, an organic model pollutant. The influencing parameters on 4-CP degradation such as solution pH, reaction time, initial concentration of 4-CP, PS dose, pulse intensity and frequency, and distance from PL source are systematically investigated. With increasing pH from 3 to 9, the 4-CP degradation decreased from 49.79 ± 2.49 to 33.12 ± 1.66%. The 4-CP degradation followed the first order kinetics that was improved with increasing reaction time, PS dose, pulse intensity, frequency of pulse, and decreasing pH, initial 4-CP concentration and distance from the PL source. The presence of sulfate, chloride, and carbonate anions in the solution has the inhibitory effects on 4-CP degradation, while nitrate anion improved the performance of PL/PS system. In addition, presence of humic acid had an inhibitory effect on the PL/PS system, which led to a decrease of reaction rate constant and 4-CP degradation was performed in PL/PS system with OH, SO4-, O2- and 1O2 radicals. The contributions of OH and SO4- radicals were 46% and 51%, respectively for the 4-CP degradation and synergistic effect of PL/PS system showed a significant influence on 4-CP degradation while using a combination of PL and PS, suggesting that PL is an effective activator of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sousan Hadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ensiyeh Taheri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Fatehizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Otálvaro-Marín HL, Machuca-Martínez F. New approach for the dimensionless analysis of a unidirectional flow solar reactor based on Damköhler's number profiles. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06969. [PMID: 34027174 PMCID: PMC8121664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A methodology for the analysis of the behavior of complex reactors based on the construction of profiles of a dimensionless number (Damköhler) for each main chemical species (Dai) was proposed. A 4-chlorophenol mineralization reaction in a heterogeneous solar reactor with suspended TiO2 and addition of H2O2 with tubular geometry and radiation collectors, fluid flow and a recirculation system was selected as a complex model system in order to validate the approach. The dynamic behavior of the reactor in dimensionless variables was modeled as a function of Dai. Where Dai(z,t) is a local property and grouped the optical and surface's properties of the catalyst, catalyst load, radiation intensity, the photon absorption rate, rate of non-photochemical reactions, the H2O2 effect, the reaction rate of different stages like adsorption, attack of radicals, surface reactions, plus design and operation variables like reactor volume and volumetric flow. A coupling of orthogonal collocation and Runge-Kutta methods were used to solve the PDEs and carry out the simulations to the different experimental conditions, resulting in profiles of Dai, Ci, and conversion in function of time and space. The Dai profiles proposed in the new methodology are capable of describing the disturbances in solar reactors, to indicate consumption and generation rates, instantaneous changes of reaction rate, to describe competitive reactions and quenching effects and to determine equilibrium concentrations, all of the above at each time and space. Therefore, this approach is a analysis tool of reactors which complements the concentration profile. This methodology can be extended to other reactive systems, adapting the intrinsic reaction rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor L Otálvaro-Marín
- Escuela de Ingenieria Química, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360, Cali, Colombia.,MADE Group, Food Engineering Program, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia, Colombia.,IDEI Group, I+D Educación e Ingeniería, Cali, Colombia
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Abstract
Photocatalysis has been considered future technology for green energy conversion and environmental purification, including carbon dioxide reduction, water splitting, air/water treatment, and antimicrobial purposes. Although various photocatalysts with high activity and stability have already been found, the commercialization of photocatalytic processes seems to be slow; it is thought that the difficulty in scaling up photocatalytic processes might be responsible. Research on the design of photocatalytic reactors using computer simulations has been recently intensive. The computer simulations involve various methods of hydrodynamics, radiation, and mass transport analysis, including the Monte Carlo method, the approximation approach–P1 model, and computational fluid dynamics as a complex simulation tool. This review presents all of these models, which might be efficiently used for the scaling-up of photocatalytic reactors. The challenging aspects and perspectives of computer simulation are also addressed for the future development of applied photocatalysis.
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Das S, Mahalingam H. Novel immobilized ternary photocatalytic polymer film based airlift reactor for efficient degradation of complex phthalocyanine dye wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121219. [PMID: 31546218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as well as graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalysts were synthesized and a physical admixture of rGO and g-C3N4 along with TiO2 in the ratio of 1:1:1 by weight was immobilized in a polystyrene film using the facile solvent casting method. An internal loop airlift reactor with a working volume of 1.2 litres incorporating the prepared polymer-based photocatalytic film was designed and tested for the photocatalytic degradation of remazol turquoise blue dye synthetic wastewater. The reactor parameters affecting the photocatalytic activity such as airflow rate and Di/Do (ratio of draft tube diameter to outer tube diameter) were evaluated. The successful operation of the reactor obtained using the ternary immobilized catalyst mixture film gave 92.25% total organic carbon reduction and 94% decolourization within 140 min, compared to 91% decolourization by the slurry form within 40 min. Complete and quicker decolourization of the dye was also demonstrated under the influence of O3 or H2O2. The immobilized catalyst was successfully reused four times. The ternary catalyst admixture employed in this work and the unique design of the photocatalytic reactor helps to increase the degradation rate of toxic textile effluents thus making it suitable for larger scales of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India
| | - Hari Mahalingam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India.
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Marcelino RBP, Amorim CC. Towards visible-light photocatalysis for environmental applications: band-gap engineering versus photons absorption-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:4155-4170. [PMID: 30238261 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A range of different studies has been performed in order to design and develop photocatalysts that work efficiently under visible (and near-infrared) irradiation as well as to improve photons absorption with improved reactor design. While there is consensus on the importance of photocatalysis for environmental applications and the necessity to utilized solar irradiation (or visible-light) as driving force for these processes, it is not yet clear how to get there. Discussion on the future steps towards visible-light photocatalysis for environmental application is of great interest to scientific and industrial communities and the present paper reviews and discusses the two main approaches, band-gap engineering for efficient solar-activated catalysts and reactor designs for improved photons absorption. Common misconceptions and drawbacks of each technology are also examined together with insights for future progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela B P Marcelino
- Research Group on Environmental Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes, Graduate Program in Sanitation, Environment and Water Resources, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Camila C Amorim
- Research Group on Environmental Applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes, Graduate Program in Sanitation, Environment and Water Resources, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Özkal CB, Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Konstantinou I, Mantzavinos D, Meriç S. Removal of antibiotics in a parallel-plate thin-film-photocatalytic reactor: Process modeling and evolution of transformation by-products and toxicity. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 60:114-122. [PMID: 29031440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) antibiotic has been studied under recycling batch and homogeneous flow conditions in a thin-film coated immobilized system namely parallel-plate (PPL) reactor. Experimentally designed, statistically evaluated with a factorial design (FD) approach with intent to provide a mathematical model takes into account the parameters influencing process performance. Initial antibiotic concentration, UV energy level, irradiated surface area, water matrix (ultrapure and secondary treated wastewater) and time, were defined as model parameters. A full of 25 experimental design was consisted of 32 random experiments. PPL reactor test experiments were carried out in order to set boundary levels for hydraulic, volumetric and defined defined process parameters. TTIP based thin-film with polyethylene glycol+TiO2 additives were fabricated according to pre-described methodology. Antibiotic degradation was monitored by High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis while the degradation products were specified by LC-TOF-MS analysis. Acute toxicity of untreated and treated SMX solutions was tested by standard Daphnia magna method. Based on the obtained mathematical model, the response of the immobilized PC system is described with a polynomial equation. The statistically significant positive effects are initial SMX concentration, process time and the combined effect of both, while combined effect of water matrix and irradiated surface area displays an adverse effect on the rate of antibiotic degradation by photocatalytic oxidation. Process efficiency and the validity of the acquired mathematical model was also verified for levofloxacin and cefaclor antibiotics. Immobilized PC degradation in PPL reactor configuration was found capable of providing reduced effluent toxicity by simultaneous degradation of SMX parent compound and TBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Burak Özkal
- Environmental Engineering, Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Engineering, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Zacharias Frontistis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Environmental & Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | | | | | - Süreyya Meriç
- Environmental Engineering, Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Engineering, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Geng J, Wang Y, Hu X, Jing D. Insights into the hydrodynamic properties of slurry flow in a tubular photocatalytic reactor by PIV combined with LSIA. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Motegh M, van Ommen JR, Appel PW, Kreutzer MT. Scale-up study of a multiphase photocatalytic reactor--degradation of cyanide in water over TiO2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:1574-1581. [PMID: 24359022 DOI: 10.1021/es403378e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an integrated view on various aspects of reactor design for photocatalytic reactions and presents a scale-up study of photocatalytic reactors. This study focuses on degrading organic pollutants in the effluent of an integrated gasification coal combustion plant over TiO2, with the target of degrading cyanide to below its allowable emission threshold set by European legislation. Here, we show the interplay of different efficiencies that affect the overall apparent photonic efficiency and the reactor volume required to achieve a certain objective in conversion. The chosen reactor configuration is rectangular slurry-bubble-columns-in-series to ensure a good mass transfer rate per photoreactor while approaching plug-flow behavior as a sum, and a high reactor surface-area-to-volume ratio for a good capture of incident photons. We consider a simple 1D photonic description of a photoreactor, in the direction of incident solar light, and implement a bidirectional scattering model for photocatalytic particles and bubbles to calculate the local rate of photon absorption and the photon absorption efficiency in the photoreactor. We show that, implementing the principles of process intensification, the large scale degradation of cyanide to below European emission limits is achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Motegh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
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Bubbles scatter light, yet that does not hurt the performance of bubbly slurry photocatalytic reactors. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sze MFF, McKay G. An adsorption diffusion model for removal of para-chlorophenol by activated carbon derived from bituminous coal. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:1669-1674. [PMID: 20056302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 11/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the adsorptive removal and diffusion mechanism of para-chlorophenol (p-CP) onto Calgon Filtrasorb 400 (F400) activated carbon. The external mass transfer resistance is negligible in the adsorption process carried out under different conditions in batch operation. Intraparticle diffusion model plots were used to correlate the batch p-CP adsorption data; three distinct linear sections were obtained for every batch operation. The textural properties of F400 activated carbon showed that it has a large portion of supermicropores, which is comparable to the size of the p-CP molecules. Due to the stronger interactions between p-CP molecules and F400 micropores, p-CP molecules predominantly diffused and occupied active sites in micropore region by hopping mechanism, and eventually followed by a slow filling of mesopores and micropores. This hypothesis is proven by the excellent agreement of the intraparticle diffusion model plots and the textural properties of F400 activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F F Sze
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Romero RL, Alfano OM, Cassano AE. Photocatalytic Reactor Employing Titanium Dioxide: From a Theoretical Model to Realistic Experimental Results. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie900354y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto L. Romero
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET, Güemes 3450, S3000GLN Santa Fe. Argentina
| | - Orlando M. Alfano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET, Güemes 3450, S3000GLN Santa Fe. Argentina
| | - Alberto E. Cassano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET, Güemes 3450, S3000GLN Santa Fe. Argentina
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Scaling-up of slurry reactors for the photocatalytic oxidation of cyanide with TiO2 and silica-supported TiO2 suspensions. Catal Today 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2008.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wang B, Zhu J, Ma H. Desulfurization from thiophene by SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2) catalytic oxidation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 164:256-264. [PMID: 18799257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 08/02/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thiophene, due to its poison, together with its combustion products which causes air pollution and highly toxic characteristic itself, attracted more and more attention to remove from gasoline and some high concentration systems. As the purpose of achieving the novel method of de-thiophene assisted by SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2) (SZ), three reactions about thiophene in different atmosphere at room temperature and atmospheric pressure were investigated. SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2) catalyst were synthesized and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The products were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). XP spectra show that ozone-catalyst system (SZO) have two forms of sulfur element (S(6+) and S(2-)) on the catalyst surface, which distinguished from that of air-catalyst system (SZA) and blank-catalyst system (SZB) (S(6+)). And the results of GC-MS exhibited that some new compounds has been produced under this extremely mild condition. Especially, many kinds of sulfur compounds containing oxygen, that is easier to be extracted by oxidative desulfurization (ODS), have been detected in the SZA-1.5h and SZB-3h system. In addition, some long chain hydrocarbons have also been detected. While in SZO-0.5h system, only long chain hydrocarbons were found. The results show that total efficiency of desulfurization from thiophene with ozone near to 100% can be obtained with the SO(4)(2-)/ZrO(2) catalytic oxidation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Institute of Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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Alfano OM, Cassano AE. Scaling-Up of Photoreactors. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - PHOTOCATALYTIC TECHNOLOGIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(09)00407-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Hama Y, Itamochi M, Horikawa T, Katoh M, Tomida T. Performance of a Bench-Scale Annular-Type Packed-Bed Photocatalytic Reactor for Decomposition of Indigo Carmine Dissolved in Water. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2009. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.08we289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Hama
- Department of Advanced Materials, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima
| | - Masakazu Itamochi
- Department of Advanced Materials, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima
| | - Toshihide Horikawa
- Department of Advanced Materials, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima
| | - Masahiro Katoh
- Department of Advanced Materials, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima
| | - Tahei Tomida
- Department of Advanced Materials, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima
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Zalazar CS, Satuf ML, Alfano OM, Cassano AE. Comparison of H2O2/UV and heterogeneous photocatalytic processes for the degradation of dichloroacetic acid in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:6198-6204. [PMID: 18767687 DOI: 10.1021/es800028h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study between two advanced oxidation technologies for pollutant degradation has been made. With the use of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) as the model pollutant, the reactions with hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation (H2O2/UV, 253.7 nm) and photocatalysis with titanium dioxide (TiO2/UV, 300-400 nm) are analyzed. Three criteria have been selected to compare the performances of both processes: (i) the percentage conversion of DCA and TOC (total organic carbon) at a fixed reaction time; (ii) the quantum efficiency, employing the true radiation absorption rates for both activated species (H2O2 and TiO2); (iii) the specific energy consumption to degrade 50% of the initial TOC. The optimal molar concentration ratio of H2O2/DCA and the optimal catalyst concentration have been employed in the experiments. The results indicate that, under the optimal operating conditions, the H2O2/UV process exhibits, by a large difference, the best performance taking into account the above-mentioned criteria. Nevertheless, both systems show similar values of specific energy consumption when a thinner reactor is employed. These results cannot be safely extrapolated to other contexts if (i) other compounds of different structure are degraded and (ii) a different catalyst is used. Moreover, they were obtained under optimized conditions, and typical, real-life situations may render quite different results due to the robustness of the titanium dioxide operation. They should serve as an indication that, under the studied conditions, a much-improved catalyst performance must be achieved to parallel, with a heterogeneous process, a yield similar to the one obtained with the homogeneous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Zalazar
- INTEC, Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
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