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Montenegro-Apraez D, Machuca-Martínez F. Analysis of scientific and technological trends in the incorporation of activated carbon in advanced oxidation processes-a bibliometric study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-31120-4. [PMID: 38141124 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
There is high interest in the development of water pollution remediation technologies. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a promising alternative for the degradation of organic compounds; however, these technologies have been limited mainly by high operating costs and, in some cases, by forming byproducts, which can be more hazardous than the original pollutants. Activated carbon (AC) is a porous material that can be combined with AOP systems in various ways, given its adsorbent and catalytic characteristics. In addition, AC is a flexible, adaptable, and low-cost material. This article presents a bibliometric analysis of AOPs incorporating CA in scientific research and patents; the Scopus database was used to obtain patents and Orbit Express for patents. The most investigated AOPs incorporating AC are photocatalysis processes, Fenton processes, persulfate-based AOP, electrochemical processes, and ozonation. However, it is the persulfate-based AOP that has seen the greatest growth in scientific publications in recent years; this great interest can be related to the synergy that the process has with AC, allowing the degradation of contaminants via radical and non-radical. According to the maturity analysis of scientific publications, photocatalysis, Fenton, electrochemistry, ozonation, and persulfate technologies are in a growth stage and will reach maturity in 2034, 2042, 2040, 2034, and 2035, respectively; these technologies coupled with AC are expected to generate a greater number of patents when they reach maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Montenegro-Apraez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No 100-00, AA, 25360, Cali, Colombia.
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Xia T, Yoshii T, Nomura K, Wakabayashi K, Pan ZZ, Ishii T, Tanaka H, Mashio T, Miyawaki J, Otomo T, Ikeda K, Sato Y, Terauchi M, Kyotani T, Nishihara H. Chemistry of zipping reactions in mesoporous carbon consisting of minimally stacked graphene layers. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8448-8457. [PMID: 37592983 PMCID: PMC10430703 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02163g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural evolution of highly mesoporous templated carbons is examined from temperatures of 1173 to 2873 K to elucidate the optimal conditions for facilitating graphene-zipping reactions whilst minimizing graphene stacking processes. Mesoporous carbons comprising a few-layer graphene wall display excellent thermal stability up to 2073 K coupled with a nanoporous structure and three-dimensional framework. Nevertheless, advanced temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy show graphene-zipping reactions occur at temperatures between 1173 and 1873 K. TPD analysis estimates zipping reactions lead to a 1100 fold increase in the average graphene-domain, affording the structure a superior chemical stability, electrochemical stability, and electrical conductivity, while increasing the bulk modulus of the framework. At above 2073 K, the carbon framework shows a loss of porosity due to the development of graphene-stacking structures. Thus, a temperature range between 1873 and 2073 K is preferable to balance the developed graphene domain size and high porosity. Utilizing a neutron pair distribution function and soft X-ray emission spectra, we prove that these highly mesoporous carbons already consist of a well-developed sp2-carbon network, and the property evolution is governed by the changes in the edge sites and stacked structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Takeharu Yoshii
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Keita Nomura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Keigo Wakabayashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Zheng-Ze Pan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aobaku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ishii
- International Research and Education Center for Element Science Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjincho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Hideki Tanaka
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University 4-17-1 Wakasato Nagano 380-8553 Japan
| | - Takashi Mashio
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
| | - Jin Miyawaki
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
| | - Toshiya Otomo
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 203-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
- J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
- School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies 203-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University 162-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 203-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
- J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 2-4 Shirakata-Shirane Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
- School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies 203-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
| | - Yohei Sato
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Masami Terauchi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Takashi Kyotani
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nishihara
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aobaku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
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Shah G, Bhatt U, Soni V. A comprehensive review on triple R eco-management strategies to reduce, reuse and recycle of hazardous cigarette butts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16642. [PMID: 37292331 PMCID: PMC10245253 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarettes are the globally consumed product that contributes to public health problems and is the source of the most prevalent form of litter in the world, Cigarette butts. Cigarette butts are a major source 4000 toxic chemicals, affecting the health of wildlife, humans, and the environment and their decomposition can take years due to the resistance of cellulose acetate to bacterial and fungal degradation. In 2016, the world production of cigarettes exceeded 5.7 trillion, with the majority of them consisting of cellulose acetate filters. Consequently, a massive amount of hazardous waste leaches out in the environment. Incineration and landfilling are methods of disposal, but they can result in the emission of harmful fumes and be costly. To combat this environmental issue, researchers have explored the recycling of cigarette butts in various materials, including asphalt concrete, fired clay bricks, and as a carbon source, among others. Various approaches can be used to reduce cigarette butts pollution, but efficient collection logistics by consumers remains a crucial factor for successful recycling. This paper provides innovative solutions to mitigate the cigarette butts litter problem and the feasibility of recycling methods. Despite recent progress in cigarette butts recycling solutions, there is still much room for research in this area.
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Djandja OS, Liew RK, Liu C, Liang J, Yuan H, He W, Feng Y, Lougou BG, Duan PG, Lu X, Kang S. Catalytic hydrothermal carbonization of wet organic solid waste: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162119. [PMID: 36773913 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization has gained attention in converting wet organic solid waste into hydrochar with many applications such as solid fuel, energy storage material precursor, fertilizer or soil conditioner. Recently, various catalysts such as organic and inorganic catalysts are employed to guide the properties of the hydrochar. This review presents a summarize and a critical discussion on types of catalysts, process parameters and catalytic mechanisms. The catalytic impact of carboxylic acids is related to their acidity level and the number of carboxylic groups. The catalysis level with strong mineral acids is likely related to the number of hydronium ions liberated from their hydrolysis. The impact of inorganic salts is determined by the Lewis acidity of the cation. The metallic ions in metallic salts may incorporate into the hydrochar and increase the ash of the hydrochar. The selection of catalysts for various applications of hydrochars and the environmental and the techno-economic aspects of the process are also presented. Although some catalysts might enhance the characteristics of hydrochar for various applications, these catalysts may also result in considerable carbon loss, particularly in the case of organic acid catalysts, which may potentially ruin the overall advantage of the process. Overall, depending on the expected application of the hydrochar, the type of catalyst and the amount of catalyst loading requires careful consideration. Some recommendations are made for future investigations to improve laboratory-scale process comprehension and understanding of pathways as well as to encourage widespread industrial adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oraléou Sangué Djandja
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Organization of African Academic Doctors (OAAD), Off Kamiti Road, P. O. Box 25305000100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; NV WESTERN PLT, No. 208B, Second Floor, Macalister Road, 10400 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chang Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Jianhao Liang
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Haojun Yuan
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Weixin He
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Bachirou Guene Lougou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Pei-Gao Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Shimin Kang
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China.
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Zhai G, Zhou J, Xie M, Jia C, Hu Z, Xiang H, Zhu M. Improved photocatalytic property of lignin-derived carbon nanofibers through catalyst synergy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123588. [PMID: 36764341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Converting lignin into high value-added products is essential to reduce our dependence on petroleum resources and protect our environment. In this work, TiO2 and g-C3N4 are loaded in the lignin-derived carbon nanofibers (LCNFs) and an efficient LCNFs-based photocatalytic material (TiO2/g-C3N4@LCNFs) is developed. The spinnability of lignin solution, the chemical structure and morphology of the LCNFs, and the catalytic degradation property of the TiO2/g-C3N4@LCNFs for Rhodamine B (RhB) are systematically investigated. The TiO2/g-C3N4@LCNFs achieve a 92.76 % degradation rate of RhB under UV-vis irradiation, which is close to or higher than most reported carbon fiber-based photocatalysts. The excellent degradation property of the photocatalysts can be ascribed to the synergy of TiO2 and g-C3N4, which improves the excitation efficiency of electron and hole, and prolongs the lifetime of electron-hole pairs. We envision that our work will provide some guidance for the development of efficient photocatalysts based on biomass-derived fiber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongxun Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Jiangsu Gem Advanced Fiber Materials Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China
| | - Min Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chao Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zexu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hengxue Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Fadili HE, Ali MB, Mahi ME, Khatib N, Lotfi EM, Labjar N, Ibn-ElHaj S, Khabbazi A. Determination of properties and environmental impact due to the inclusion of cigarette fibers in mortar: a new solution to mitigate the CB pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:58346-58361. [PMID: 36977883 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette butts generated are one of the major sources of total solid waste production and lead to environmental issues. This article has the objective of evaluating the effects of cellulose acetate microfibers (CAFs) sourced from discarded cigarette filters (CFs) as fiber reinforcement on the physico-mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of cementitious materials. To do so, mortar samples were prepared using different incorporated quantities of fibers (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 5% compared to the quantity of sand added to the mixture) and subjected to different tests to characterize the influence of CAFs on the microstructure of elaborated materials, considering the changes in workability time, compressive strength, flexural strength, density, water absorption, and microstructural analysis. Furthermore, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of mortar mixes in terms of CO2 emissions is made. The results revealed that the increasing percentages of CAFs reduced the dry density and compressive strength, by approximately 1.62-51% and 37-69.64%, respectively, and a notable enhancement of insulation characteristics by about 5-47.5% was achieved. Microstructure analysis confirmed the experimental investigation and revealed that adding more than 1% of fibers resulted in a significantly low unit weight with greater entrapped air content. The studies prove the possibility of recycling cigarette butts for insulating cementitious matrix. In addition, applying mortar containing acetate cellulose fibers is recognized as a more environmentally friendly mixture in terms of reducing CO2 emissions and could participate significantly in the achievement of SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza El Fadili
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Materials for Environment Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Materials for Environment Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mahi
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Materials for Environment Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nabil Khatib
- Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Metrology and Information Processing, Ibn Zohr University, B.P. 8106, Agadir, Morocco
| | - El Mostapha Lotfi
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Materials for Environment Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Najoua Labjar
- Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Materials for Environment Team, ENSAM, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sara Ibn-ElHaj
- EMDD_CERNE2D, Mohammed V University in Rabat, EST Salé, 227 Avenue Prince Héritier, Salé, Morocco
| | - Abdelhamid Khabbazi
- EMDD_CERNE2D, Mohammed V University in Rabat, EST Salé, 227 Avenue Prince Héritier, Salé, Morocco
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Chiappone A, Pedico A, Porcu S, Pirri CF, Lamberti A, Roppolo I. Photocurable 3D-Printable Systems with Controlled Porosity towards CO 2 Air Filtering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235265. [PMID: 36501659 PMCID: PMC9740396 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous organic polymers are versatile platforms, easily adaptable to a wide range of applications, from air filtering to energy devices. Their fabrication via vat photopolymerization enables them to control the geometry on a multiscale level, obtaining hierarchical porosity with enhanced surface-to-volume ratio. In this work, a photocurable ink based on 1,6 Hexanediol diacrylate and containing a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) is presented, employing PLURONIC F-127 as a surfactant to generate stable micelles. Different parameters were studied to assess the effects on the morphology of the pores, the printability and the mechanical properties. The tests performed demonstrates that only water-in-oil emulsions were suitable for 3D printing. Afterwards, 3D complex porous objects were printed with a Digital Light Processing (DLP) system. Structures with large, interconnected, homogeneous porosity were fabricated with high printing precision (300 µm) and shape fidelity, due to the addition of a Radical Scavenger and a UV Absorber that improved the 3D printing process. The formulations were then used to build scaffolds with complex architecture to test its application as a filter for CO2 absorption and trapping from environmental air. This was obtained by surface decoration with NaOH nanoparticles. Depending on the surface coverage, tested specimens demonstrated long-lasting absorption efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chiappone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Cagliari, S.S. 554 bivio Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedico
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technology Polito, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Porcu
- Department of Physics, Università di Cagliari, S.p. no. 8 Km 0700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technology Polito, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Lamberti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technology Polito, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Ignazio Roppolo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technology Polito, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0110907412
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Direct Ink 3D Printing of Porous Carbon Monoliths for Gas Separations. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175653. [PMID: 36080420 PMCID: PMC9457708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Additive manufacturing or 3D printing is the advanced method of manufacturing monolithic adsorbent materials. Unlike beads or pellets, 3D monolithic adsorbents possess the advantages of widespread structural varieties, low heat and mass transfer resistance, and low channeling of fluids. Despite a large volume of research on 3D printing of adsorbents having been reported, such studies on porous carbons are highly limited. In this work, we have reported direct ink 3D printing of porous carbon; the ink consisted of commercial activated carbon, a gel of poly(4-vinylphenol) and Pluronic F127 as plasticizer, and bentonite as the binder. The 3D printing was performed in a commercial 3D printer that has been extensively modified in the lab. Upon 3D printing and carbonization, the resultant 3D printed porous carbon demonstrated a stable structure with a BET area of 400 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.27 cm3/g. The isotherms of six pure-component gases, CO2, CH4, C2H6, N2, CO, and H2, were measured on this carbon monolith at 298 K and pressure up to 1 bar. The selectivity of four gas pairs, C2H6/CH4, CH4/N2, CO/H2, and CO2/N2, was calculated by Ideally Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST) and reported. Ten continuous cycles of adsorption and desorption of CO2 on this carbon confirmed no loss of working capacity of the adsorbent.
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Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031037. [PMID: 35160982 PMCID: PMC8838330 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and enzymes differ significantly in terms of their physico-chemical properties—their handling and characterization require very different specialized skills. Therefore, their combination is not trivial. Numerous studies exist at the interface between these two components—especially in the area of sensing—but also involving biofuel cells, biocatalysis, and even biomedical applications including innovative therapeutic approaches and theranostics. Finally, enzymes that are capable of biodegrading CNMs have been identified, and they may play an important role in controlling the environmental fate of these structures after their use. CNMs’ widespread use has created more and more opportunities for their entry into the environment, and thus it becomes increasingly important to understand how to biodegrade them. In this concise review, we will cover the progress made in the last five years on this exciting topic, focusing on the applications, and concluding with future perspectives on research combining carbon nanomaterials and enzymes.
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Zhang Q, Zhang D, Zhou Y, Qian J, Wen X, Jiang P, Ma L, Lu C, Feng F, Zhang Q, Li X. Preparation of Heteroatom‐Doped Carbon Materials and Applications in Selective Hydrogenation. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunfeng Zhang
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Deshuo Zhang
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Qian
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wen
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Piaopiao Jiang
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ma
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Lu
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Qunfeng Zhang
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Industrial Catalysis Institute of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology Hangzhou 310032 People's Republic of China
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Lazzarini A, Colaiezzi R, Gabriele F, Crucianelli M. Support-Activity Relationship in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biomass Valorization and Fine-Chemicals Production. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14226796. [PMID: 34832198 PMCID: PMC8619138 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts are progressively expanding their field of application, from high-throughput reactions for traditional industrial chemistry with production volumes reaching millions of tons per year, a sector in which they are key players, to more niche applications for the production of fine chemicals. These novel applications require a progressive utilization reduction of fossil feedstocks, in favor of renewable ones. Biomasses are the most accessible source of organic precursors, having as advantage their low cost and even distribution across the globe. Unfortunately, they are intrinsically inhomogeneous in nature and their efficient exploitation requires novel catalysts. In this process, an accurate design of the active phase performing the reaction is important; nevertheless, we are often neglecting the importance of the support in guaranteeing stable performances and improving catalytic activity. This review has the goal of gathering and highlighting the cases in which the supports (either derived or not from biomass wastes) share the worth of performing the catalysis with the active phase, for those reactions involving the synthesis of fine chemicals starting from biomasses as feedstocks.
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12
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Ababneh H, Hameed BH. Chitosan-derived hydrothermally carbonized materials and its applications: A review of recent literature. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:314-327. [PMID: 34197858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a linear polysaccharide biopolymer, one of the most abundant biowastes in the environment. This makes chitosan a potential material for a wide range of applications. To improve CS's properties, chitosan has to be chemically modified. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a sustainable process for converting chitosan to solid carbonized material. This article presents a review on the applications of hydrothermally treated chitosan in different fields such as water treatment, heavy metals adsorption, carbon dioxide capturing, solar cells, energy storage, biosensing, supercapacitors, and catalysis. Moreover, this review covers the impact of HTC process parameters on the properties of the produced carbon material. The diversity of applications indicates the great possibilities and multifunctionality of hydrothermally carbonized chitosan and its derivatives. The utilization of HTC-CS is expected to further expand as a result of the movement toward sustainable, environmentally-friendly resources. Thus, this review also recommends a few suggestions to improve the properties of HTC chitosan and its comprehensive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Ababneh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - B H Hameed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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13
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Puzyrev IS, Andreikov EI, Zakharova GS, Podval’naya NV, Osipova VA. Adsorption properties of mesoporous carbon synthesized by pyrolysis of zinc glycerolate. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Forse AC, Merlet C, Grey CP, Griffin JM. NMR studies of adsorption and diffusion in porous carbonaceous materials. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 124-125:57-84. [PMID: 34479711 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbonaceous materials have many important industrial applications including energy storage, water purification, and adsorption of volatile organic compounds. Most of their applications rely upon the adsorption of molecules or ions within the interior pore volume of the carbon particles. Understanding the behaviour and properties of adsorbate species on the molecular level is therefore key for optimising porous carbon materials, but this is very challenging owing to the complexity of the disordered carbon structure and the presence of multiple phases in the system. In recent years, NMR spectroscopy has emerged as one of the few experimental techniques that can resolve adsorbed species from those outside the pore network. Adsorbed, or "in-pore" species are shielded with respect to their free (or "ex-pore") counterparts. This shielding effect arises primarily due to ring currents in the carbon structure in the presence of a magnetic field, such that the observed chemical shift differences upon adsorption are independent of the observed nucleus to a first approximation. Theoretical modelling has played an important role in rationalising and explaining these experimental observations. Together, experiments and simulations have enabled a large amount of information to be gained on the adsorption and diffusion of adsorbed species, as well as on the structural and magnetic properties of the porous carbon adsorbent. Here, we review the methodological developments and applications of NMR spectroscopy and related modelling in this field, and provide perspectives on possible future applications and research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Forse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Céline Merlet
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Réseau sur le Stockage Électrochimique de l'Énergie (RS2E), Fédération de Recherche CNRS 3459, HUB de l'Énergie, Rue Baudelocque, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Clare P Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - John M Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
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Wu JX, Bag PP, Xu YT, Gong L, He CT, Chen XM, Zhang JP. Graphene-Like Hydrogen-Bonded Melamine-Cyanuric Acid Supramolecular Nanosheets as Pseudo-Porous Catalyst Support. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007368. [PMID: 33893666 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Behaving as structural protectors and electronic modulators, catalyst supports such as graphene derivatives are generally constructed by covalent bonds. Here, hydrogen-bonded ultrathin nanosheets are reported as a new type of catalyst support. Melamine (M) and cyanuric acid (CA) molecules self-assemble to form the graphite-like hydrogen-bonded co-crystal M-CA, which can be easily exfoliated by ultrasonic treatment to yield ultrathin nanosheets with thickness of ≈1.6 nm and high stability at pH = 0. The dynamic nanosheets form adaptive defects/pores in the synthetic process of CoP nanoparticles, giving embedded composite with high hydrogen evolution activity (overpotential of 66 mV at 10 mA cm-2 ) and stability. Computational calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveil the electron modulation effects of the nanosheets. This pseudo-porous catalyst support also can be applied to other metal phosphides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Partha Pratim Bag
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Tong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Li Gong
- Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ting He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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16
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Adeleye AT, Akande AA, Odoh CK, Philip M, Fidelis TT, Amos PI, Banjoko OO. Efficient synthesis of bio-based activated carbon (AC) for catalytic systems: A green and sustainable approach. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Li Z, Sun J, Xu Q, Yin J. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Ionic Liquid System: Promising “Ideal Catalysts” for the Fixation of CO
2
into Cyclic Carbonates. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo‐Jian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Fei Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Qin‐Qin Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Zhong Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
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18
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Carbon-Based Materials for the Development of Highly Dispersed Metal Catalysts: Towards Highly Performant Catalysts for Fine Chemical Synthesis. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs), consisting of metals atomically dispersed on a support, are considered as advanced materials bridging homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, representing the catalysis at the limit. The enhanced performance of these catalysts is due to the combination of distinct factors such as well-defined active sites, comprising metal single atoms in different coordination environments also varying its valence state and strongly interacting with the support, in this case porous carbons, maximizing then the metal efficiency in comparison with other metal surfaces consisting of metal clusters and/or metal nanoparticles. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent advances in terms of both synthetic strategies of producing porous carbon-derived SACs but also its application to green synthesis of highly valuable compounds, an area in which the homogeneous catalysts are classically used. Porous carbon-derived SACs emerge as a type of new and eco-friendly catalysts with great potential. Different types of carbon forms, such as multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene and graphitic carbon nitride or even others porous carbons derived from Metal–Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) are recognized. Although it represents an area of expansion, experimentally and theoretically, much more future efforts are needed to explore them in green fine chemical synthesis.
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19
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Catalytic decomposition of organic/inorganic peroxides via 1-3D carbon matrices: empirical and quantum-chemical study. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-020-01891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Li T, Li H, Li C. Progress in Effects of Microenvironment of Carbon‐based Catalysts on Hydrodeoxygenation of Biomass. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology 8 Guangrong Road Tianjin 300000 P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology 8 Guangrong Road Tianjin 300000 P. R. China
| | - Chunli Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology 8 Guangrong Road Tianjin 300000 P. R. China
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21
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Andrade MA, Mestre AS, Carvalho AP, Pombeiro AJ, Martins LM. The role of nanoporous carbon materials in catalytic cyclohexane oxidation. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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23
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Godino-Ojer M, Blazquez-García R, Matos I, Bernardo M, Fonseca I, Pérez Mayoral E. Porous carbons-derived from vegetal biomass in the synthesis of quinoxalines. Mechanistic insights. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Voronova A, Ivanenko I. Structural and catalytic properties of Ni-, Co-spinel, and its composites. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Adsorption and Photocatalytic Study of Phenol Using Composites of Activated Carbon Prepared from Onion Leaves (Allium fistulosum) and Metallic Oxides (ZnO and TiO2). Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the adsorption and photocatalytic activity of activated carbon-based photocatalysts. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were chosen as semiconductors to prepare composites with activated carbon by the wet impregnation method. Activated carbon was prepared using as starting material onion leaves (Allium fistulosum) and as activating agent phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Photooxidation and batch adsorption of phenol was studied to compare the efficiency of the materials prepared. The results showed that the composite AC–TiO2 has a greater photocatalytic activity and a better adsorption capacity compared to AC–ZnO composite.
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Kurmus H, Mohajerani A. The toxicity and valorization options of cigarette butts. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 104:104-118. [PMID: 31978829 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette butts, one of the most abundant forms of waste in the world, contain more than 4000 toxic chemicals and pose serious risks to the health of wildlife, humans, and marine and freshwater organisms. Although trivial in size, trillions of cigarettes are produced every year worldwide, resulting in the accumulation of tonnes of toxic waste litter. In 2016, a world production of over 5.7 trillion cigarettes was reported with the majority comprising cellulose acetate filters - a polymer with poor biodegradability. Depending on the environmental conditions, cellulose acetate filters can take up to 10 years to decompose during which time they leach heavy metals and toxic chemicals into the environment. Although possible disposal methods for collected cigarette butt waste include incineration and landfilling, both techniques may result in the release of hazardous fumes and can be costly. However, recycling CBs in different materials could be a possible solution for this concurrent environmental pollution. A number of novel studies have been publicized on recycling cigarette butts with encouraging results, and several methods have been studied, including recycling of cigarette butts in asphalt concrete and fired clay bricks, as a carbon source, sound absorbing material, corrosion inhibitor, biofilm carrier, and many more. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive review and discussion of various studies that have been carried out on the toxicity and valorization of cigarette butt waste and investigates the feasibility and sustainability of recycling methods adopted. Further research and developments are essential for the widespread application of recycling cigarette butts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halenur Kurmus
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
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27
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Dong Y, Li W, Zhao S, Zhang J. Characteristics of activated carbons modulate the catalytic performance for acetylene hydrochlorination. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Zhu N, Li C, Bu L, Tang C, Wang S, Duan P, Yao L, Tang J, Dionysiou DD, Wu Y. Bismuth impregnated biochar for efficient estrone degradation: The synergistic effect between biochar and Bi/Bi 2O 3 for a high photocatalytic performance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121258. [PMID: 32028547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An innovative advanced oxidation process was successfully developed to photocatalytic-degradation of estrone through the synergistic effect of biochar and Bi/Bi2O3 in bismuth-containing photocatalytic biochar (BiPB). The highest reaction rate constant (kobs) of estrone degradation by BiPB was 0.045 min-1 under the conditions of initial concentration of estrone =10.4 μmol L-1, [BiPB] =1 g L-1, pH = 7.0. The kobs was almost tenfold and more than 20 times than that of biochar without bismuth impregnation and pristine Bi/Bi2O3, respectively. The best photocatalytic performance of BiPB composites for the degradation of estrone was primarily attributed to generation of OH radicals. Impregnation of bismuth helped control the concentration of persistent free radicals (PFRs) and develop a hierarchical porous structure of biochar. The presence of biochar facilitated pre-concentration estrone on BiPB and improved the separation and transfer efficiency of charge carriers. The synergistic effect between biochar and Bi/Bi2O3 contributed to the generation of OH radicals for estrone degradation under neutral pH conditions. The transformation pathway of estrone was also proposed based on the measured transformation products in the presence of BiPB. The high efficiency of BiPB composites indicated that this easily-obtained material was promising for estrone-wastewater treatment applications as a low-cost composite photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyuan Zhu
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012 USA; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chunquan Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012 USA
| | - Lingjun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012 USA
| | - Cilai Tang
- College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Yichang 443002, China
| | - Sichu Wang
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source, Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, Henan, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source, Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, Henan, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012 USA
| | - Yonghong Wu
- Zigui Ecological Station for Three Gorges Dam Project, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Yichang 443002, China.
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29
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Casimero C, Hegarty C, McGlynn RJ, Davis J. Ultrasonic exfoliation of carbon fiber: electroanalytical perspectives. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-019-01379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Electrochemical anodisation techniques are regularly used to modify carbon fiber surfaces as a means of improving electrochemical performance. A detailed study of the effects of oxidation (+ 2 V) in alkaline media has been conducted and Raman, XPS and SEM analyses of the modification process have been tallied with the resulting electrochemical properties. The co-application of ultrasound during the oxidative process has also been investigated to determine if the cavitational and mass transport features influence both the physical and chemical nature of the resulting fibers. Marked discrepancies between anodisation with and without ultrasound is evident in the C1s spectra with variations in the relative proportions of the electrogenerated carbon-oxygen functionalities. Mechanisms that could account for the variation in surface species are considered.
Graphic abstract
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30
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Sheka EF. Graphene Oxyhydride Catalysts in View of Spin Radical Chemistry. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13030565. [PMID: 31991653 PMCID: PMC7040773 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses carbocatalysis that are provided with amorphous carbons. The discussion is conducted from the standpoint of the spin chemistry of graphene molecules, in the framework of which the amorphous carbocatalysts are a conglomerate of graphene-oxynitrothiohydride stable radicals presenting the basic structure units (BSUs) of the species. The chemical activity of the BSUs atoms is reliably determined computationally, which allows mapping the distribution of active sites in these molecular catalysts. The presented maps reliably show the BSUs radicalization provided with carbon atoms only, the nonterminated edge part of which presents a set of active sites. Spin mapping of carbocatalysts active sites is suggested as the first step towards the spin carbocatalysis of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena F Sheka
- Institute of Physical Researches and Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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31
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Sustainability in Catalytic Cyclohexane Oxidation: The Contribution of Porous Support Materials. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of green and sustainable protocols for synthetic routes is a growing area of research in chemistry worldwide. The development of sustainable processes and products through innovative catalytic materials and technologies, that allow a better use of resources, is undoubtedly a very important issue facing research chemists today. Environmentally and economically advanced catalytic processes for selective alkane oxidations reactions, as is the case of cyclohexane oxidation, are now focused on catalysts’ stability and their reuse, intending to overcome the drawbacks posed by current homogeneous systems. The aim of this short review is to highlight recent contributions in heterogeneous catalysis regarding porous support materials to be applied to cyclohexane oxidation reaction. Different classes of porous materials are covered, from carbon nanomaterials to zeolites, mesoporous silicas, and metal organic frameworks. The role performed by the materials to be used as supports towards an enhancement of the activity/selectivity of the catalytic materials and the ability of recycling and reuse in consecutive catalytic cycles is highlighted.
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Furmaniak S, Gauden PA, Patrykiejew A, Szymański G, Miśkiewicz R, Kowalczyk P. In silico study on the effects of carbonyl groups on chemical equilibrium of reactions with a polar product occurring under confinement in pores of activated carbons. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1700115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Furmaniak
- Stanisław Staszic State University of Applied Sciences in Piła, Piła, Poland
| | - Piotr A. Gauden
- Carbon Materials Application in Electrochemistry and Environmental Protection Reserch Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Andrzej Patrykiejew
- Department for the Modelling of Physico-Chemical Processes, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Szymański
- Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Radosław Miśkiewicz
- Faculty of Organization and Management, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Piotr Kowalczyk
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
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33
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The Role of Functionalization in the Applications of Carbon Materials: An Overview. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5040084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The carbon-based materials (CbMs) refer to a class of substances in which the carbon atoms can assume different hybridization states (sp1, sp2, sp3) leading to different allotropic structures -. In these substances, the carbon atoms can form robust covalent bonds with other carbon atoms or with a vast class of metallic and non-metallic elements, giving rise to an enormous number of compounds from small molecules to long chains to solids. This is one of the reasons why the carbon chemistry is at the basis of the organic chemistry and the biochemistry from which life on earth was born. In this context, the surface chemistry assumes a substantial role dictating the physical and chemical properties of the carbon-based materials. Different functionalities are obtained by bonding carbon atoms with heteroatoms (mainly oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur) determining a certain reactivity of the compound which otherwise is rather weak. This holds for classic materials such as the diamond, the graphite, the carbon black and the porous carbon but functionalization is widely applied also to the carbon nanostructures which came at play mainly in the last two decades. As a matter of fact, nowadays, in addition to fabrication of nano and porous structures, the functionalization of CbMs is at the basis of a number of applications as catalysis, energy conversion, sensing, biomedicine, adsorption etc. This work is dedicated to the modification of the surface chemistry reviewing the different approaches also considering the different macro and nano allotropic forms of carbon.
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Urita C, Urita K, Araki T, Horio K, Yoshida M, Moriguchi I. New insights into the heat of adsorption of water, acetonitrile, and n-hexane in porous carbon with oxygen functional groups. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 552:412-417. [PMID: 31151018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Isosteric heat of adsorption is exquisitely sensitive to structural changes in carbon surfaces based on the energetic behavior of the interactions between adsorbates and carbon materials. We discuss the relationships between porous structures, oxygen functional groups, and heat of adsorption based on the behavior of the heat of adsorption of polar and non-polar fluids on porous carbon materials with oxygen functional groups. The porosity and functional groups of porous carbon materials were estimated from N2 adsorption isotherms at 77 K and temperature-programmed desorption. High-resolution adsorption isotherms of water, acetonitrile (polar fluid), and n-hexane (non-polar fluid) were measured on porous carbon materials with different pore size distributions and amounts of oxygen functional groups at various temperatures. The heats of adsorption were determined by applying the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to the adsorption isotherms. The heat of adsorption curves directly reflect the effects of interactions of fluid-oxygen functional groups, fluid-basal planes of pore walls, and fluid-fluid interfaces. In particular, the heat of adsorption curve of water is very sensitive to surface oxygen functional groups. This finding indicates the possibility of estimating the relative amounts of oxygen functional groups on porous carbon materials based on the amounts of water adsorbed at specific relative pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiharu Urita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Koki Urita
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Takuya Araki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Keiji Horio
- MicrotracBEL Corp., 8-2-52 Nanko-Higashi, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0031, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- MicrotracBEL Corp., 8-2-52 Nanko-Higashi, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0031, Japan
| | - Isamu Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Opletal G, Sun B, Petersen TC, Russo SP, Barnard AS. Vacancy induced formation of nanoporous silicon, carbon and silicon carbide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6517-6524. [PMID: 30843541 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06649c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous semiconductors are used in a range of applications from sensing and gas separation, to photovoltaics, rechargeable batteries, energetic materials and micro electro mechanical systems. In most cases porosity occurs in conjunction with the competing process of amorphisation, creating a complicated material that responds differently to strain and density changes, depending on the composition. In this paper we use simple computational workflow involving Monte Carlo simulation, numerical characterisation and statistical analysis to explore the development of amorphous and nanoporous carbon, silicon and silicon carbide. We show that amorphous regions in Si and SiC form in advance of nanopores, and are essential in stabilising the nanopores once developed. Carbon prefers a porous structure at lower strains than amorphisation and exhibits a bimodal change in the structure which correlates with the change in C-C bond angles from tetrahedral sp3-like bonds to hexagonal sp2-like bonds as the strain increases. These results highlight how both of these processes can be analysed simultaneously using reliable interatomic forcefields or density functionals, provided sufficient samples are included to support the statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Opletal
- Data61 CSIRO, Door 34 Goods Shed Village St, Docklands, Victoria, Australia.
| | - B Sun
- Data61 CSIRO, Door 34 Goods Shed Village St, Docklands, Victoria, Australia.
| | - T C Petersen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - S P Russo
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - A S Barnard
- Data61 CSIRO, Door 34 Goods Shed Village St, Docklands, Victoria, Australia.
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36
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Lotz K, Wütscher A, Düdder H, Berger CM, Russo C, Mukherjee K, Schwaab G, Havenith M, Muhler M. Tuning the Properties of Iron-Doped Porous Graphitic Carbon Synthesized by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cellulose and Subsequent Pyrolysis. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:4448-4460. [PMID: 31459640 PMCID: PMC6648909 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The applied pyrolysis temperature was found to strongly affect composition, structure, and oxidation behavior of pure and iron oxide nanoparticle (NP)-loaded carbon materials originating from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of cellulose. A strong loss of functional groups during pyrolysis at temperatures beyond 300 °C of the HTC-derived hydrochars was observed, resulting in an increase of the carbon content up to 95 wt% for the carbon materials pyrolyzed at 800 °C and an increase of the specific surface area with a maximum of 520 m2 g-1 at a pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C. Devolatilization mainly took place in the range from 300 to 500 °C, releasing light pyrolysis gases such as CO, CO2, H2O and larger oxygen-containing molecules up to C11. The presence of iron oxide NPs lowered the specific surface areas by about 200 m2 g-1 and resulted in the formation of mesopores. For the iron oxide-containing composites pyrolyzed up to 500 °C, the oxidation temperature was decreased by about 100 °C, indicating tight contact between the iron oxide NPs and the carbon matrix. For higher pyrolysis temperatures, this catalytic effect of iron oxide on carbon oxidation vanished due to carbothermal reduction to iron and iron carbide, which, however, catalyzed the graphitization of the carbon matrix. Thus, the well-controlled two-step synthesis based on a biomass-derived precursor yielded stably embedded iron NPs in a corrosion-resistant graphitic carbon matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Lotz
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Annika Wütscher
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hendrik Düdder
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Cornelius M. Berger
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Carmela Russo
- Instituto
di Ricerche sulla Combustione IRC-CNR, P. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Kallol Mukherjee
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schwaab
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Martina Havenith
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Muhler
- Laboratory
of Industrial Chemistry and Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University
Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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New and Advanced Porous Carbon Materials in Fine Chemical Synthesis. Emerging Precursors of Porous Carbons. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of porous carbons in fine chemical synthesis, among other application fields, has been demonstrated since both the porous structure and chemical surface provide the appropriated chemical environment favoring a great variety of relevant chemical transformations. In recent years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as interesting opportunities in the preparation of porous carbons with improved physico-chemical properties. Direct calcination of MOFs or COFs, in the presence or not of others carbon or heteroatom sources, could be considered an easy and practical approach for the synthesis of highly dispersed heteroatom-doped porous carbons but also new porous carbons in which single atoms of metallic species are present, showing a great development of the porosity; both characteristics of supreme importance for catalytic applications. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the traditional methodologies for the synthesis of new porous carbon structures together with emerging ones that use MOFs or COFs as carbon precursors. As mentioned below, the catalytic application in fine chemical synthesis of these kinds of materials is at present barely explored, but probably will expand in the near future.
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Yoon HJ, Lee JY, Lee JS, Yoon TH. Monolithic carbon xerogel with co-continuous hierarchical porosity via one-step, template- and catalyst-free hydrothermal reaction with resorcinol and formaldehyde. RSC Adv 2019; 9:9480-9485. [PMID: 35520742 PMCID: PMC9062128 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00904c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolithic carbon xerogel (MCX) with co-continuous hierarchical porosity was prepared via a one-step, template- and catalyst-free hydrothermal polycondensation reaction with resorcinol, formaldehyde and distilled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Ju Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
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Ötvös SB, Pálinkó I, Fülöp F. Catalytic use of layered materials for fine chemical syntheses. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work reviews the catalytic use of layered solid materials for fine chemical syntheses with focus on layered double hydroxides, but including other classes of layered compounds of catalytic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B. Ötvös
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Szeged
- H-6720 Szeged
- Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group
| | - István Pálinkó
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Szeged
- H-6720 Szeged
- Hungary
- Material and Solution Structure Research Group
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- University of Szeged
- H-6720 Szeged
- Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group
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40
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A Metal-Free Carbon-Based Catalyst: An Overview and Directions for Future Research. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/c4040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free carbon porous materials (CPMs) have gained the intensive attention of scientists and technologists because of their potential applications, ranging from catalysis to energy storage. Various simple and facile strategies are proposed for the preparation of CPMs with well-controlled sizes, shapes, and modifications on the surface. The extraordinary tenability of the pore structure, the environmental acceptability, the unique surface and the corrosion resistance properties allow them to be suitable materials for a large panel of catalysis applications. This review briefly outlines the different signs of progresses made towards synthesizing CPMs, and their properties, including catalytic efficiency, stability, and recyclability. Finally, we make a comparison of their catalytic performances with other nanocomposites, and we provide an outlook on the expected developments in the relevant research works.
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Wang R, Yu J, Hao Q. Activated carbon/Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 composites: Facile synthesis, magnetic performance and their potential application for the removal of methylene blue from water. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Cho G, Lee JY, Yoon TH. Template-free synthesis of monolithic carbon xerogels with hierarchical porosity from resorcinol and formaldehyde via hydrothermal reaction. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21326-21331. [PMID: 35539906 PMCID: PMC9080866 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolithic carbon xerogels with hierarchical porosity were prepared from resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) via a base-catalysed hydrothermal polycondensation reaction, without a template and supercritical drying. First, an aqueous solution of resorcinol, formaldehyde and sodium carbonate was prepared by varying R/W (25–45) and R/C (1–10k) ratios to produce monolithic RF gels. The reaction was carried out in a pressurized Teflon mould at 100 °C for 6 h to give a co-continuous pore structure via spinodal decomposition and a tenacious gel to avoid supercritical drying. Next, the RF gels were dried for 42 h at 60 °C and another 6 h at 100 °C to produce RF xerogels without cracks, followed by pyrolysis in a tube furnace at 900 °C for 2 h under N2 flow, and then activation at 1000 °C for 2, 4 or 6 h under CO2 flow. Finally, the carbon xerogels were characterized by SEM and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements. Monolithic RF gels were obtained from all combinations of R/W and R/C, but the gels from R/W = 45 exhibited a co-continuous large-pore structure, providing a specific surface area (SSA) of ∼650 m2 g−1, which increased to 3311 m2 g−1 (for R/C = 10k) at 6 h of CO2 activation without exhibiting cracks. N2 isotherms demonstrated that micro- and meso-pores were introduced via activation, forming hierarchical porosity in combination with large pores from spinodal decomposition without using a template. Monolithic porous carbon with hierarchical porosity via a one-step template-free hydrothermal polycondensation reaction with resorcinol and formaldehyde.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
| | - J. Y. Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
| | - T. H. Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju 61005
- Republic of Korea
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