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Huang Y, Cheng Y, Wei M, Peng Z, Tian W, Liu Z, Li J, Cui J. Synthesis, antitumor activity evaluation of 2-selenocyano-3-selenocyanoalkyloxyestradiols with a bisselenocyanate structure. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107149. [PMID: 38278048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The combination of steroid structure and selenocyano group offers high potential for the design and synthesis of new potential anti-tumor drugs. Beginning with estradiol, a series of 2-selenocyano-3-selenocyanoalkyloxyestradiol derivatives with remarkable antiproliferative activity was synthesized. Additionally, a 2,4-bisselenocyanoestradiol was synthesized by directly selenocyanating estradiol diacetate. It was found that the cytotoxicity of 2-selenocyano-3-selenocyanoalkyloxyestradiol derivatives was significantly increased in comparison to the corresponding monoselenocyanate precursor, whereas the cytotoxicity of the 2, 4-bisselenocyanoestradiol derivative was significantly reduced compared to the respective monosubstituted precursor. The introduction of the second selenocyano group at different locations of estradiol shows a various impact on the cytotoxicity of the compounds. Among them, compound 3e showed the best cytotoxicity, with an IC50 value of less than 5 μM against the tested tumor cells, and strong inhibitory activities against HeLa and MCF-7 cell xenograft tumors in zebrafish, suppressing tumor cell migration and neovascularization. Notably, compound 3e was more effective at inhibiting neovascularization of MCF-7 cell xenograft tumors than the positive control 2-methoxyestradiol. Furthermore, compound 3e showed excellent anti-oxidative stress effect in zebrafish. Therefore, these estrogen bisselenocyanate compounds may be promising anti-tumor agents, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Meizhen Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Zining Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Wenhao Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China.
| | - Junyan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China
| | - Jianguo Cui
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China.
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2
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Zheng W, Boada R, He R, Xiao T, Ye F, Simonelli L, Valiente M, Zhao Y, Hassan M. Extracellular Albumin Covalently Sequesters Selenocompounds and Determines Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194734. [PMID: 31554226 PMCID: PMC6801750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenocompounds (SeCs) are well-known nutrients and promising candidates for cancer therapy; however, treatment efficacy is very heterogeneous and the mechanism of action is not fully understood. Several SeCs have been reported to have albumin-binding ability, which is an important factor in determining the treatment efficacy of drugs. In the present investigation, we hypothesized that extracellular albumin might orchestrate SeCs efficacy. Four SeCs representing distinct categories were selected to investigate their cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and species transformation. Concomitant treatment of albumin greatly decreased cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of SeCs. Using both X-ray absorption spectroscopy and hyphenated mass spectrometry, we confirmed the formation of macromolecular conjugates between SeCs and albumin. Although the conjugate was still internalized, possibly via albumin scavenger receptors expressed on the cell surface, the uptake was strongly inhibited by excess albumin. In summary, the present investigation established the importance of extracellular albumin binding in determining SeCs cytotoxicity. Due to the fact that albumin content is higher in humans and animals than in cell cultures, and varies among many patient categories, our results are believed to have high translational impact and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Roberto Boada
- Centre GTS, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rui He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Centre GTS, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fei Ye
- Division of Functional Nanomaterials, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 40 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Laura Simonelli
- CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manuel Valiente
- Centre GTS, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
- ECM, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
- ECM, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
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3
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4
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Zheng W, Benkessou F, Twelkmeyer B, Wang S, Ginman T, Ottosson H, Abedi-Valugerdi M, Subirana MA, Zhao Y, Hassan M. Rapid and Robust Quantification of p-Xyleneselenocyanate in Plasma via Derivatization. Anal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zheng
- Experimental
Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fadwa Benkessou
- Experimental
Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brigitte Twelkmeyer
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Siyao Wang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Tobias Ginman
- Sprint Bioscience, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Ottosson
- Department
of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuchehr Abedi-Valugerdi
- Experimental
Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Angels Subirana
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Department
of Chemistry, Centre GTS, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ying Zhao
- Experimental
Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- ECM,
Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental
Cancer Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- ECM,
Clinical Research Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Prigol M, Brüning CA, Martini F, Nogueira CW. Comparative excretion and tissue distribution of selenium in mice and rats following treatment with diphenyl diselenide. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:272-7. [PMID: 22692883 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide data about in vivo tissue distribution and excretion of diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)₂) in rats and mice through determination of selenium levels in different biological samples. (PhSe)₂ (500 mg/kg, dissolved in canola oil) was administered to animals once a day per oral. After this, mice and rats were housed in metabolic cages (one animal per cage) and urine and feces were collected at specific times after treatment. Three to five animals per group (for each time-point) were anesthetized and blood samples were collected at 0 and 30 min, 24 h, at day 5, 15, and 30 after (PhSe)₂ administration. The plasma and red blood cells were separated. Brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, and adipose tissue were also collected. The determination of selenium levels was performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The main results indicate that: (1) urine is an important route of excretion of selenium originated from (PhSe)₂ in mice and rats; (2) a large amount of (PhSe)₂ or some of its metabolites are stored in fat; (3) the content of selenium found in plasma was low; and (4) liver and kidneys are the tissues with high amounts of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Prigol
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, CEP 97.650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brazil.
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Emmert SW, El-Bayoumy K, Das A, Sun YW, Amin S, Desai D, Aliaga C, Richie JP. Induction of lung glutathione and glutamylcysteine ligase by 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate and its glutathione conjugate: role of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:2064-71. [PMID: 22542796 PMCID: PMC3475320 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic organoselenium agent 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (p-XSC) and its glutathione (GSH) conjugate (p-XSeSG) are potent chemopreventive agents in several preclinical models. p-XSC is also an effective inducer of GSH in mouse lung. Our objectives were to test the hypothesis that GSH induction by p-XSC occurs through upregulation of the rate-limiting GSH biosynthetic enzyme glutamylcysteine ligase (GCL), through activation of antioxidant response elements (AREs) in GCL genes via activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). p-XSC feeding (10 ppm Se) increased GSH (230%) and upregulated the catalytic subunit of GCL (GCLc) (55%), extracellular-related kinase (220%), and nuclear Nrf2 (610%) in lung but not liver after 14 days in the rat (P<0.05). Similarly, p-XSeSG feeding (10 ppm) induced lung GCLc (88%) and GSH (200%) (P<0.05), whereas the naturally occurring selenomethionine had no effect. Both p-XSC and p-XSeSG activated a luciferase reporter in HepG2 ARE-reporter cells up to threefold for p-XSC and greater than or equal to fivefold for p-XSeSG. Luciferase activation by p-XSeSG was associated with enhanced levels of GSH, GCLc, and nuclear Nrf2, which were significantly reduced by co-incubation with short interfering RNA targeting Nrf2. The dependence of GCL induction on Nrf2 was confirmed in Nrf2-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, in which p-XSeSG induced GCL subunits in wild-type but not in Nrf2-deficient cells (P<0.05). These results indicate that p-XSC may act through the Nrf2 pathway in vivo and that p-XSeSG is the putative metabolite responsible for such activation, thus offering p-XSeSG as a less toxic, yet highly efficacious, inducer of GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sans W. Emmert
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Karam El-Bayoumy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Arunangshu Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Yuan-Wan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Cesar Aliaga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - John P. Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
- Correspondence should be directed to: John P. Richie, Jr., Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine H069, 500 University Dr., P.O. Box 850, Hershey PA, 17033, Tel: 717-531-5381, Fax: 717-531-0480,
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Desai D, Kaushal N, Gandhi UH, Arner RJ, D’Souza C, Chen G, Vunta H, El-Bayoumy K, Amin S, Prabhu KS. Synthesis and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory properties of selenium-derivatives of celecoxib. Chem Biol Interact 2010; 188:446-56. [PMID: 20883674 PMCID: PMC3004533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Celecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor used to treat inflammation, while selenium is known to down-regulate the transcription of COX-2 and other pro-inflammatory genes. To expand the anti-inflammatory property, wherein celecoxib could inhibit pro-inflammatory gene expression at extremely low doses, we incorporated selenium (Se) into two Se-derivatives of celecoxib, namely; selenocoxib-2 and selenocoxib-3. In vitro kinetic assays of the inhibition of purified human COX-2 activity by these compounds indicated that celecoxib and selenocoxib-3 had identical K(I) values of 2.3 and 2.4μM; while selenocoxib-2 had a lower K(I) of 0.72μM. Furthermore, selenocoxib-2 inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-κB leading to the down-regulation of expression of COX-2, iNOS, and TNFα more effectively than selenocoxib-3 and celecoxib in RAW264.7 macrophages and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. Studies with rat liver microsomes followed by UPLC-MS-MS analysis indicated the formation of selenenylsulfide conjugates of selenocoxib-2 with N-acetylcysteine. Selenocoxib-2 was found to release minor amounts of Se that was effectively inhibited by the CYP inhibitor, sulphaphenazole. While these studies suggest that selenocoxib-2, but not celecoxib and selenocoxib-3, targets upstream events in the NF-κB signaling axis, the ability to effectively suppress NF-κB activation independent of cellular selenoprotein synthesis opens possibilities for a new generation of COX-2 inhibitors with significant and broader anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology and The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Naveen Kaushal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Ujjawal H. Gandhi
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Ryan J. Arner
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | | | - Gang Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Hema Vunta
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
| | - Karam El-Bayoumy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - K. Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis and Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Desai D, Sinha I, Null K, Wolter W, Suckow MA, King T, Amin S, Sinha R. Synthesis and antitumor properties of selenocoxib-1 against rat prostate adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Cancer 2010; 127:230-8. [PMID: 19918950 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hormone refractory prostate cancer poses a huge problem and standard of care chemotherapy has not been very successful. We used a novel strategy to combine properties of 2 well-studied class of compounds (selenium and COX-2 inhibitor) and examined the resulting effectiveness against prostate cancer. Bearing in mind that sulfonamide moiety and pyrazole ring is important for the proapoptotic activity of Celecoxib, we synthesized a selenium derivative, Selenocoxib-1, by modifying Celecoxib at position 3 of the pyrazole ring. The PAIII cells derived from a metastatic prostate tumor that arose spontaneously in a Lobund-Wistar (LW) rat were used to examine the efficacy of Selenocoxib-1 in vitro. In addition, human metastatic prostate cancer cells, PC-3M, were tested for antitumor effect of Selenocoxib-1 in vitro. The IC(50) in PAIII and PC-3M cells for Selenocoxib-1 was about 5 microM, while for Celecoxib it was more than 20 microM. Selenocoxib-1 induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in the PAIII cells. COX-2 expression in PAIII cells was downregulated by Celecoxib and Selenocoxib-1 at 20 and 5 microM, respectively; the COX-2 activity was, however, not affected by Selenocoxib-1. Following treatment with Selenocoxib-1, PAIII cells resulted in dose-dependent decrease in HIF-1alpha, p-AKT and Bcl-2 levels. A reduction in weights was observed in subcutaneous tumors produced by PAIII cells pretreated with Selenocoxib-1 as compared to Celecoxib in LW rats. Further, following 1 week Selenocoxib-1 treatment of PAIII tumors resulted in significant reduction of tumor weights. This study demonstrates that Selenocoxib-1 is more effective against prostate cancer than Celecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimant Desai
- Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Emmert SW, Desai D, Amin S, Richie JP. Enhanced Nrf2-dependent induction of glutathione in mouse embryonic fibroblasts by isoselenocyanate analog of sulforaphane. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2675-9. [PMID: 20304643 PMCID: PMC2929643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological and laboratory studies have highlighted the potent chemopreventive effectiveness of both dietary selenium and cruciferous vegetables, particularly broccoli. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate, was identified as the major metabolite of broccoli responsible for its anti-cancer properties. An important mechanism for SFN chemoprevention is through the enhancement of glutathione (GSH), the most abundant antioxidant in animals and an important target in chemoprevention. Enhancement of GSH biosynthetic enzymes including the rate-limiting glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), as well as other Phase II detoxification enzymes results from SFN-mediated induction of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response elements (ARE) signaling pathway. While isothiocyanate compounds such as SFN are among the most potent Nrf2 inducers known, we hypothesized that substitution of sulfur with selenium in the isothiocyanate functional group of SFN would result in an isoselenocyanate compound (SFN-isoSe) with enhanced Nrf2 induction capability. Here we report that SFN-isoSe activated an ARE-luciferase reporter in HepG2 cells more potently than SFN. It was also found that SFN-isoSe induced GCL and GSH in MEF cells in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Finally, we provide evidence that SFN-isoSe was more effective in killing HepG2 cancer cells, yet was less toxic to non-cancer MEF cells, than SFN. These data support our hypothesis, and suggest that SFN-isoSe and potentially other isoselenocyanates may be highly effective chemoprotective agents in vivo due to their ability to induce Nrf2 with low toxicity in normal cells and high efficiency at killing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sans W. Emmert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - John P. Richie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033, USA
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Honeggar M, Beck R, Moos PJ. Thioredoxin reductase 1 ablation sensitizes colon cancer cells to methylseleninate-mediated cytotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 241:348-55. [PMID: 19782697 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between selenium and cancer is complex because individuals with low serum selenium levels benefit from selenium supplementation, but those with high serum selenium levels are at increased risk for other diseases. This suggests that the use of selenocompounds might be limited to particular circumstances, such as adjuvant therapy. A contributor to this dichotomy may be the activity of certain selenium containing enzymes like the cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TR1). We evaluated the cellular response to select selenocompounds that have anticancer activity when TR1 was attenuated by siRNA in RKO colon cancer cells. Methylseleninic acid (MSA), which is a substrate for TR1, enhanced cytotoxicity to colon cancer cells when TR1 was attenuated. MSA induced stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, as measured by GRP78 protein levels. However, this pathway did not appear to account for the change in cytotoxicity when TR1 was attenuated. Instead, knockdown of the cytosolic TR plus incubation with MSA increased autophagy, as measured by LC3B cleavage, and apoptosis, as measured by Annexin V and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, the use of selenocompounds with anticancer activity, like MSA, might be utilized most effectively with agents that targets TR1 in chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Honeggar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Utah, L.S. Skaggs Pharmacy, Rm. 201, 30 S 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Kabirov K, Kapetanovic I, Lyubimov A. Direct determination of selenium in rat blood plasma by Zeeman atomic absorption spectrometry. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 171:152-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Richie JP, Kleinman W, Desai DH, Das A, Amin SG, Pinto JT, El-Bayoumy K. The organoselenium compound 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate inhibits 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced tumorgenesis and enhances glutathione-related antioxidant levels in A/J mouse lung. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 161:93-103. [PMID: 16620795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2006] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selenium, in the form of 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate (p-XSC) but not Se-enriched yeast (Se-yeast), was highly effective at inhibiting lung tumors induced by the tobacco specific nitrosamine (TSNA) 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in A/J mice and at reducing NNK-induced DNA methylation and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the lung. Our goal was to determine if p-XSC but not Se-yeast is effective at inducing levels of glutathione (GSH)-related antioxidants and reducing markers of GSH oxidation in the NNK-induced lung tumor model. In the first bioassay, 6-week-old mice were fed either control or experimental diets (containing 10 ppm as selenium from p-XSC or Se-yeast) and, beginning at 8 weeks of age, received NNK (3 micromol) by gavage once weekly for 8 weeks. After 18 weeks, p-XSC significantly reduced NNK-induced tumor burden by 74% (10.4 +/- 6.0 versus 2.7 +/- 1.5 tumors/mouse, P < 0.001) and tumor incidence from 96% to 68% (P < 0.01), whereas, Se-yeast had no effect. Lung GSH levels were unchanged by either NNK or Se-yeast, but were increased 70% in mice treated with both NNK and p-XSC (P < 0.01) and 41% in mice treated with p-XSC alone. In the second bioassay, the time course of effects of p-XSC was examined. As early as one week after initiation of p-XSC feeding lung and blood selenium levels were increased nearly six- and two-fold, respectively. Increases of 120% for GSH and 65% for Cys were observed in p-XSC groups compared to controls within one week after initiation of p-XSC feeding (P < 0.01). The levels of protein-bound:free GSH ratios and Cys ratios were significantly decreased in p-XSC-treated mice, regardless of NNK status, suggesting a decrease in the levels of oxidative stress. Altogether, these results indicate that p-XSC is a potent inducer of GSH and related thiol antioxidants in the lung leading to decreased levels of oxidative stress and suggest that p-XSC inhibits tumor formation, in part, by protecting against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Richie
- Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, PA 17033, USA
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13
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El-Bayoumy K, Sinha R, Pinto JT, Rivlin RS. Cancer chemoprevention by garlic and garlic-containing sulfur and selenium compounds. J Nutr 2006; 136:864S-869S. [PMID: 16484582 DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.3.864s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As early as 1550 B.C., Egyptians realized the benefits of garlic as a remedy for a variety of diseases. Many epidemiological studies support the protective role of garlic and related allium foods against the development of certain human cancers. Natural garlic and garlic cultivated with selenium fertilization have been shown in laboratory animals to have protective roles in cancer prevention. Certain organoselenium compounds and their sulfur analogs have been identified in plants. Organoselenium compounds synthesized in our laboratory were compared with their sulfur analogs for chemopreventive efficacy. Diallyl selenide was at least 300-fold more effective than diallyl sulfide in protecting against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary adenocarcinomas in rats. In addition, benzyl selenocyanate inhibited the development of DMBA-induced mammary adenocarcinomas and azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats and benzo[a]pyrene-induced forestomach tumors in mice. The sulfur analog, benzyl thiocyanate, had no effect under the same experimental conditions. Furthermore, we showed that 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate, but not its sulfur analog, significantly inhibited DMBA-DNA adduct formation and suppressed DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. Collectively, these results indicate that structurally distinctive organoselenium compounds are superior to their corresponding sulfur analogs in cancer chemoprevention. Additionally, synthetic aromatic selenocyanates are more effective cancer chemopreventive agents than the naturally occurring selenoamino acids. Because plants are capable of utilizing selenium in a manner similar to that in sulfur assimilation pathways, future studies should aim at determining whether, under appropriate conditions, these potent cancer chemopreventive synthetic selenium compounds can be synthesized by garlic and related allium foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam El-Bayoumy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Abdulah R, Miyazaki K, Nakazawa M, Koyama H. Chemical forms of selenium for cancer prevention. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2005; 19:141-50. [PMID: 16325529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 09/05/2005] [Accepted: 09/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is becoming an increasingly significant disease worldwide. Currently, more than 7 million people die each year from cancer. With the existing knowledge, at least one-third of worldwide cancer cases could be prevented. Searching for naturally occurring agents in routinely consumed foods that may inhibit cancer development, although challenging, constitutes a valuable and plausible approach to the control and prevention of cancer. To date, the use of the micronutrient selenium (Se) in human clinical trials is limited, but the outcome indicates that Se is among the most promising agents. Although it is convenient to describe the effects of Se in terms of the element, it must always be kept in mind that the chemical form of Se and the dose are determinants of its biological activities. Hyphenated techniques based on coupling chromatographic separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) detection are now established as the most realistic and potent analytical tools available for real-life speciation analysis. These speciation investigations provide evidence that the Se compounds, which can generate monomethylated Se (e.g., Se-methylselenocysteine and methylseleninic acid), are more efficacious than other Se compounds because of their chemoprevention activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi City, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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