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Pollution Characteristics, Spatial Patterns, and Sources of Toxic Elements in Soils from a Typical Industrial City of Eastern China. LAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/land10111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil pollution due to toxic elements (TEs) has been a core environmental concern globally, particularly in areas with developed industries. In this study, we sampled 300 surface (0–0.2 m) soil samples from Yuyao City in eastern China. Initially, the geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk index, single pollution index, and Nemerow composite pollution index were used to evaluate the soil contamination status in Yuyao City. Ordinary kriging was then deployed to map the distribution of the soil TEs. Subsequently, indicator kriging was utilized to identify regions with high risk of TE pollution. Finally, the positive matrix factorization model was used to apportion the sources of the different TEs. Our results indicated that the mean content of different TEs kept the order: Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > Ni > As > Hg ≈ Cd. Soil pollution was mainly caused by Cd and Hg in the soil of Yuyao City, while the content of other TEs was maintained at a safe level. Regions with high TE content and high pollution risk of TEs are mainly located in the central part of Yuyao City. Four sources of soil TEs were apportioned in Yuyao City. The Pb, Hg, and Zn contents in soil were mainly derived from traffic activities, coal combustion, and smelting. Meanwhile, Cu was mainly sourced from industrial emissions and atmospheric deposition, Cr and Ni mainly originated from soil parental materials, and Cd and As were produced by industrial and agricultural activities. Our study provides important implications for improving the soil environment and contributes to the development of efficient strategies for TE pollution control and remediation.
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Hsueh YM, Huang YL, Chen HH, Shiue HS, Lin YC, Hsieh RL. Alcohol Consumption Moderated the Association Between Levels of High Blood Lead or Total Urinary Arsenic and Bone Loss. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:782174. [PMID: 34925242 PMCID: PMC8678633 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.782174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal exposure and lifestyle are important risk factors for osteoporosis. Our study aimed to investigate the association between red blood cell lead and cadmium, total urinary arsenic, and plasma selenium levels and bone mineral density (BMD). In addition, we explored whether alcohol and coffee consumption modified the association between BMD and metals and metalloids. In total, 437 participants who underwent adult or senile physical examinations were recruited. Bone loss was defined as a calcaneus BMD T-score of <-1. Blood cadmium and lead and plasma selenium levels were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Levels of urinary arsenic species were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-hydride generator-atomic absorption spectrometry. The total urinary arsenic level was defined as the sum of the levels of urinary arsenic species. The BMD T-scores decreased significantly with increasing blood lead levels. The BMD T-scores also showed a downward trend with increasing total urinary arsenic levels. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for bone loss in patients with blood lead levels >57.58 versus 35.74 μg/dL were 1.98 and 1.17-3.34. In addition, the greater the lead or arsenic exposure and alcohol intake was the higher the OR for bone loss with multivariate ORs of 2.57 (95% CI 1.45-4.56) and 2.96 (95% CI 1.67-5.22), respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that high total urinary arsenic or blood lead levels and frequent or occasional alcohol consumption had a significant multiplicative interaction for increasing the OR for bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Hsueh
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Li Huang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Sheng Shiue
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Lan Hsieh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ru-Lan Hsieh,
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Nascimento PC, Bittencourt LO, Pinto SO, Santana LNS, Souza-Rodrigues RD, Pereira-Neto AL, Maia CSF, Rösing CK, Lima RR. Effects of Chronic Ethanol Consumption and Ovariectomy on the Spontaneous Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8873462. [PMID: 33273924 PMCID: PMC7676921 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8873462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency and ethanol (EtOH) abuse are known risk factors for different diseases including bone tissues. However, little is known about the synergic effects of EtOH abuse and estrogen deficiency on alveolar bone loss in women. The present study evaluated the effects of EtOH chronic exposure and ovariectomy on the alveolar bone loss in female rats. For this, 40 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, EtOH exposure, ovariectomy (OVX), and OVX plus EtOH exposure. Initially, half of the animals were ovariectomized at 75 days of age. After that, the groups received distilled water or EtOH 6.5 g/kg/day (20% w/v) for 55 days via gavage. Thereafter, animals were sacrificed and the mandibles were collected, dissected, and separated into hemimandibles. Alveolar bone loss was evaluated by measuring the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest through a stereomicroscope in 3 different anatomical regions of the tissue. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey were used to compare groups (p < 0.05). The results showed that the ovariectomy and EtOH exposure per se were able to induce alveolar bone loss, and their association did intensify significantly the effect. Therefore, OVX associated with heavy EtOH exposure increase the spontaneous alveolar bone loss in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Cunha Nascimento
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Soraya O. Pinto
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luana N. S. Santana
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Renata Duarte Souza-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Armando L. Pereira-Neto
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S. F. Maia
- Laboratory Pharmacology of Inflammation and Behavior, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Cassiano K. Rösing
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-Pará 66075-110, Brazil
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Kot K, Kosik-Bogacka D, Ziętek P, Karaczun M, Ciosek Ż, Łanocha-Arendarczyk N. Impact of Varied Factors on Iron, Nickel, Molybdenum and Vanadium Concentrations in the Knee Joint. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E813. [PMID: 32012969 PMCID: PMC7038041 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of iron, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium in the knee joint. We also examined the relationships between the concentrations of these metals in the knee joint and the influence of varied factors on the concentration of Fe, Ni, Mo, and V. The study of these trace elements is important, because these elements are used alone and in combination in diet supplements, and they are components of biomaterials implanted in medicine. The study materials, consisting of the spongy bone, cartilage, meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), and infrapatellar fat pad, were obtained from 34 women and 12 men from northwestern Poland. The concentrations of Ni, Fe, Mo, and V were determined using spectrophotometric atomic absorption in inductively coupled argon plasma (ICP-AES). We found significantly higher Mo concentrations in the ACL of women than men. There was a significant difference in the Mo concentration in the spongy bone between patients from cities with fewer than 100,000 inhabitants and patients from cities with more than 100,000 residents. Iron concentrations in the spongy bone were higher in non-smoking patients and those who did not consume alcohol. Vanadium concentrations were higher in the infrapatellar fat pads in abstainers. In patients who had not undergone arthroscopy surgery, V concentration was lower in cartilage. The concentrations of V in the cartilage and infrapatellar fat pad were higher in osteoporotic patients than in non-osteoporotic patients. There were significant differences in Fe concentrations in the meniscus, with the lowest in osteoporotic patients. We noted lower Mo concentrations in the spongy bone of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, we noted some new interactions among metals in the studied structures of the knee joint. The results reported in this study show the influence of gender, place of residence, smoking, consumption of alcohol, arthroscopy surgery, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis on the Fe, Ni, Mo, and V concentrations in the studied structures of the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kot
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.)
| | - Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
- Independent of Pharmaceutical Botany, Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Ziętek
- Chair and Clinic of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (P.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Maciej Karaczun
- Chair and Clinic of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (P.Z.); (M.K.)
| | - Żaneta Ciosek
- Laboratory of Medical Rehabilitation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Zolnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.K.); (N.Ł.-A.)
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Dal-Fabbro R, Marques-de-Almeida M, Cosme-Silva L, Capalbo LC, Ervolino E, Cintra LTA, Gomes-Filho JE. Effects of different alcohol concentrations on the development of apical periodontitis in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 108:104538. [PMID: 31476521 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of different alcohol concentrations on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. METHODS Forty Wistar rats were arranged into five groups: (C) - control rats receiving sterile water as the only liquid; (G5) - animals receiving an alcohol solution at 5%, (G10) - alcohol solution at 10%, (G15) - alcohol solution at 15%, and (G20) - alcohol solution at 20%. The alcoholic solution or water was given to the groups as the sole source of hydration throughout the 30 days of the experiment. AP was induced in the mandibular molars on the first day. In the end, the animals were euthanized for histopathological and IL-1b, RANKL, OPG, and TRAP analyses. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for nonparametric data, and ANOVA followed by the Tukey test were performed for parametric data, p < 0.05. RESULTS G15 and G20 had a greater chronic inflammatory infiltrate (Score 3) and AP size bigger (1.59 ± 0.41 and 1.83 ± 0.38, respectively) than the C, G5 and G10 (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the IL-1b analyses. The G15 and G20 showed the highest immunolabeling pattern for RANKL and the lowest for OPG. The G20 had greater TRAP cells per mm (4.70 ± 0.99) compared to the C, G5, and G10 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, G15 presented 3.92 ± 0.64 TRAP cells/mm, higher than C (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS G5 and G10 did not exert a protective or aggravating effect on the AP development. However, G15 and G20 had a significant effect on the AP severity, exacerbating the inflammation and osteoclast markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Dal-Fabbro
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | - Melyna Marques-de-Almeida
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Cosme-Silva
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alagoas, Alagoas, Brazil (UFAL)
| | - Letícia Cabrera Capalbo
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | | | - João Eduardo Gomes-Filho
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp) - School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil.
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Pomini KT, Cestari TM, Santos German ÍJ, de Oliveira Rosso MP, de Oliveira Gonçalves JB, Buchaim DV, Pereira M, Andreo JC, Rosa GM, Della Coletta BB, Cosin Shindo JVT, Buchaim RL. Influence of experimental alcoholism on the repair process of bone defects filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 197:315-325. [PMID: 30875652 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of ethanol on the repair in calvaria treated with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Forty rats were distributed into 2 groups: Water group (CG, n = 20) and Alcohol Group (AG, n = 20), which received 25% ethanol ad libitum after an adaptation period of 3 weeks. After 90 days of liquid diet, the rats were submitted to a 5.0 mm bilateral craniotomy in the parietal bones; the left parietal was filled with β-TCP (CG-TCP and AG-TCP) and the contralateral only with blood clot (CG-Clot and AG-Clot). The animals were killed after 10, 20, 40 and 60 days. The groups CG-Clot and AG-Clot showed similar pattern of bone formation with a gradual and significant increase in the amount of bone in CG-Clot (22.17 ± 3.18 and 34.81 ± 5.49) in relation to AG-Clot (9.35 ± 5.98 and 21.65 ± 6.70) in periods of 20-40 days, respectively. However, in the other periods there was no statistically significant difference. Alcohol ingestion had a negative influence on bone formation, even with the use of β-TCP, exhibiting slow resorption and replacement by fibrous tissue, with 16% of bone formation within 60 days in AG-TCP, exhibiting immature bone tissue with predominance of disorganized collagen fibers. Defects in CG-TCP showed bone tissue with predominance of lamellar arrangement filling 39% of the original defect. It can be concluded that chronic ethanol consumption impairs the ability to repair bone defects, even with the use of a β-TCP biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Torres Pomini
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil.
| | - Tânia Mary Cestari
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil; Medical School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil; Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina, Brazil.
| | - Mizael Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil.
| | - Jesus Carlos Andreo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Marco Rosa
- University of the Sacred Heart (USC), Bauru, Brazil; University of the Ninth of July (UNINOVE), Bauru, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Botteon Della Coletta
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil.
| | | | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil; Medical School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil.
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Mężyńska M, Brzóska MM, Rogalska J, Galicka A. Extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. Berries Protects Against Cadmium-induced Lipid Peroxidation and Oxidative Damage to Proteins and DNA in the Liver: A Study using a Rat Model of Environmental Human Exposure to this Xenobiotic. Nutrients 2019; 11:E758. [PMID: 30935147 PMCID: PMC6520854 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It was investigated, using a female rat model of low and moderate exposure of human to cadmium (Cd, 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet for 3⁻24 months), whether a polyphenol-rich 0.1% aqueous extract from Aronia melanocarpa L. berries (AE) may prevent Cd-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative modifications of proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the liver. For this purpose, markers of lipid peroxidation (lipid peroxides and 8-isoprostane) and oxidative injury of proteins (protein carbonyl groups and 3-nitrotyrosine) and DNA (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) were measured in this organ. The expression of metallothionein 1 (MT1) and metallothionein 2 (MT2) genes was estimated for a better explanation of the possible mechanisms of protective action of AE against Cd hepatotoxicity. The low and moderate treatment with Cd induced lipid peroxidation and oxidatively modified proteins and DNA, as well as enhanced the expression of MT1 and MT2 in the liver, whereas the co-administration of AE completely prevented almost all of these effects. The results allow us to conclude that the consumption of aronia products under exposure to Cd may offer protection against oxidative injury of the main cellular macromolecules in the liver, including especially lipid peroxidation, and in this way prevent damage to this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mężyńska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rogalska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Galicka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Enhanced remedial effects for vitamin D3 and calcium co-supplementation against pre-existing lead nephrotoxicity in mice: The roles of renal calcium homeostatic molecules. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:512-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dal‐Fabbro R, Marques‐de‐Almeida M, Cosme‐Silva L, Ervolino E, Cintra LTA, Gomes‐Filho JE. Chronic alcohol consumption increases inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in apical periodontitis. Int Endod J 2018; 52:329-336. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dal‐Fabbro
- Department of EndodonticsSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry AraçatubaBrazil
| | - M. Marques‐de‐Almeida
- Department of EndodonticsSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry AraçatubaBrazil
| | - L. Cosme‐Silva
- Department of EndodonticsSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry AraçatubaBrazil
| | - E. Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry Araçatuba Brazil
| | - L. T. A. Cintra
- Department of EndodonticsSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry AraçatubaBrazil
| | - J. E. Gomes‐Filho
- Department of EndodonticsSão Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry AraçatubaBrazil
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Analysis of Blood Concentrations of Zinc, Germanium, and Lead and Relevant Environmental Factors in a Population Sample from Shandong Province, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030227. [PMID: 28245579 PMCID: PMC5369063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements, including zinc (Zn) and germanium (Ge), are essential for health; deficiency or excess levels of trace elements results is harmful. As a result of industrial and agricultural production, Pb widely exists in people’s living environment. It is absorbed mainly through the respiratory and digestive tracts, producing systemic harm. Reference values for a normal, healthy population are necessary for health assessment, prevention and treatment of related diseases, and evaluation of occupational exposures. Reference ranges for the Chinese population have not been established. From March 2009 to February 2010; we collected data and blood samples (n = 1302) from residents aged 6–60 years living in Shandong Province, China. We measured blood concentrations of Zn, Ge, and Pb using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine reference ranges. Results were stratified by factors likely to affect the concentrations of these trace elements: sex, use of cosmetics or hair dye, age, alcohol intake, smoking habits, and consumption of fried food. The overall geometric mean (GM) concentrations (95% confidence interval) were 3.14 (3.08–3.20) mg/L for Zn, 19.9 (19.3–20.6) μg/L for Ge, and 24.1 (23.2–25.1) μg/L for Pb. Blood Zn concentrations were higher in women than in men (p < 0.001), while the opposite was found for Pb (p < 0.001) and sex did not influence Ge (p = 0.095). Alcohol use was associated with higher blood concentrations of Zn (p = 0.002), Ge (p = 0.002), and Pb (p = 0.001). The GM concentration of Zn was highest in 20–30-year-olds (p < 0.001), while Pb concentrations were highest in 12–16-year-olds (p < 0.001). Use of hair dye was associated with lower blood concentrations of Ge (p < 0.05). GM blood concentrations of Pb differed significantly between those who consumed fried foods 1–2 times/month (18.7 μg/L), 1–2 times/week (20.9 μg/L), and every day (28.5 μg/L; p < 0.001). Blood Pb concentrations were higher in subjects who used cosmetics (p < 0.05), hair dye (p < 0.05), and who smoked cigarettes (p < 0.001) than in those who did not.
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The Content of the 14 Metals in Cancellous and Cortical Bone of the Hip Joint Affected by Osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:815648. [PMID: 26357659 PMCID: PMC4555358 DOI: 10.1155/2015/815648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the content of particular elements Ca, Mg, P, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mo, Cr, Ni, Ba, Sr, and Pb in the proximal femur bone tissue (cancellous and cortical bone) of 96 patients undergoing total hip replacement for osteoarthritis using ICP-AES and FAAS analytical techniques. The interdependencies among these elements and their correlations depended on factors including age, gender, place of residence, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, exposure to environmental pollution, physical activity, and type of degenerative change which were examined by statistical and chemometric methods. The factors that exerted the greatest influence on the elements in the femoral head and neck were tobacco smoking (higher Cr and Ni content in smokers), alcohol consumption (higher concentrations of Ni, Cu in people who consume alcohol), and gender (higher Cu, Zn, and Ni concentrations in men). The factors influencing Pb accumulation in bone tissue were tobacco, alcohol, gender, and age. In primary and secondary osteoarthritis of the hip, the content and interactions of elements are different (mainly those of Fe and Pb). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of elements in the femoral head and neck that could be attributed to residence or physical activity.
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Protective effect of Aronia melanocarpa polyphenols against cadmium-induced disorders in bone metabolism: A study in a rat model of lifetime human exposure to this heavy metal. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 229:132-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lead Intoxication Synergies of the Ethanol-Induced Toxic Responses in Neuronal Cells--PC12. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1504-1520. [PMID: 25367877 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-induced neurodegeneration and its link with widespread neurobehavioral changes are well documented. Experimental evidences suggest that ethanol could enhance the absorption of metals in the body, and alcohol consumption may increase the susceptibility to metal intoxication in the brain. However, the underlying mechanism of ethanol action in affecting metal toxicity in brain cells is poorly understood. Thus, an attempt was made to investigate the modulatory effect of ethanol on Pb intoxication in PC12 cells, a rat pheochromocytoma. Cells were co-exposed to biological safe doses of Pb (10 μM) and ethanol (200 mM), and data were compared to the response of cells which received independent exposure to these chemicals at similar doses. Ethanol (200 mM) exposure significantly aggravated the Pb-induced alterations in the end points associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. The finding confirms the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress, and impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential, which subsequently facilitate the translocation of triggering proteins between cytoplasm and mitochondria. We further confirmed the apoptotic changes due to induction of mitochondria-mediated caspase cascade. These cellular changes were found to recover significantly, if the cells are exposed to N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a known antioxidant. Our data suggest that ethanol may potentiate Pb-induced cellular damage in brain cells, but such damaging effects could be recovered by inhibition of ROS generation. These results open up further possibilities for the design of new therapeutics based on antioxidants to prevent neurodegeneration and associated health problems.
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