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Nasr HE, Hegazy AM, El-Shaer NO, El-Shafey RS, Elgendy SA, Elnoury HA, Gazzar WBE, Mohammed LA. Ameliorative effects of sildenafil against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic fibrosis in rat model through downregulation of osteopontin gene expression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16902. [PMID: 39043726 PMCID: PMC11266717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver carries out many essential tasks, such as synthesising cholesterol, controlling the body's storage of glycogen, and detoxifying metabolites, in addition to performing, and regulating homeostasis. Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological state characterized by over accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagen fibers. Sildenafil (a selective inhibitor of type 5 phosphodiesterase) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. It is commonly used to treat erectile dysfunction in male. The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate sildenafil's hepatoprotective potential against liver fibrosis in rats that was caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Liver enzymes and oxidative markers as well as profibrotic genes were determined. The findings showed that sildenafil alleviates the hepatic dysfunctions caused by CCl4 by restoring normal levels of ALT, AST, and GGT as well as by restoring the antioxidant status demonstrated by increased glutathione (GSH), and catalase. In addition, a significantly down-regulated the mRNA expressions of profibrotic genes [collagen-1α, IL-1β, osteopontin (OPN), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)]. Additionally, sildenafil lessens the periportal fibrosis between hepatic lobules, congestion and dilatation in the central vein, and the inflammatory cell infiltrations. As a result, it is hypothesized that sildenafil may be helpful in the management of hepatotoxicity brought on by CCl4 through suppressing OPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Elsayed Nasr
- Department of Medical Biochemistery and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Medhat Hegazy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt.
| | - Noha Osama El-Shaer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Rabab Shaban El-Shafey
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Elgendy
- Deparment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Heba A Elnoury
- Deparment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Medical Biochemistery and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Lina Abdelhady Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistery and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
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Elbaset MA, Mohamed BMSA, Hessin A, Abd El‐Rahman SS, Esatbeyoglu T, Afifi SM, Fayed HM. Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways decipher the therapeutic mechanism of pitavastatin in early phase liver fibrosis in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18116. [PMID: 38214394 PMCID: PMC10844702 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common chronic hepatic disease. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pitavastatin (Pit) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis. Rats were divided into four groups: (1) control group; (2) TAA group (100 mg/kg, i.p.) three times weekly for 2 weeks; (3 and 4) TAA/Pit-treated group, in which Pit was administered orally (0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg/day) for 2 weeks following TAA injections. TAA caused liver damage manifested by elevated serum transaminases, reduced albumin and histological alterations. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased, and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were decreased in TAA-administered rats. TAA upregulated the inflammatory markers NF-κB, NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-6. Treatment with Pit ameliorated serum transaminases, elevated serum albumin and prevented histopathological changes in TAA-intoxicated rats. Pit suppressed MDA, NF-κB, NF-κB p65, the inflammatory cytokines and PI3K mRNA in TAA-intoxicated rats. In addition, Pit enhanced hepatic antioxidants and boosted the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA. Moreover, immunohistological studies supported the ability of Pit to reduce liver fibrosis via suppressing p-AKT expression. In conclusion, Pit effectively prevents TAA-induced liver fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. The hepatoprotective efficacy of Pit was associated with the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 and downregulation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan A. Elbaset
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research CentreGizaEgypt
| | - Bassim M. S. A. Mohamed
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research CentreGizaEgypt
| | - Alyaa Hessin
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research CentreGizaEgypt
| | | | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Food Chemistry and Food Development, Institute of Food Science and Human NutritionGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Sadat CitySadat CityEgypt
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research CentreGizaEgypt
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Elbaset MA, Mohamed BMSA, Moustafa PE, Esatbeyoglu T, Afifi SM, Hessin AF, Abdelrahman SS, Fayed HM. Renoprotective Effect of Pitavastatin against TAA-Induced Renal Injury: Involvement of the miR-93/PTEN/AKT/mTOR Pathway. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:6681873. [PMID: 38293706 PMCID: PMC10827367 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6681873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This research investigated if pitavastatin (Pita) might protect rats' kidneys against thioacetamide (TAA). By altering the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway, pitavastatin may boost kidney antioxidant capacity and minimize oxidative damage. Statins have several benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The principal hypothesis of this study was that Pita can regulate the miR-93/PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathways, which is thought to be responsible for its renoprotective effects. The experiment divided male rats into four groups. Group 1 included untreated rats as the control. Group 2 included rats which received TAA (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally thrice a week for two weeks) to destroy their kidneys. Groups 3 and 4 included rats which received Pita orally at 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg for 14 days after TAA injections. Renal injury increased BUN, creatinine, and MDA levels and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels. Pitavastatin prevented these alterations. TAA decreased PTEN and increased miR-93, Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, and Stat3 in the kidneys. Pitavastatin also regulated the associated culprit pathway, miR-93/PTEN/Akt/mTOR. In addition, TAA induced adverse effects on the kidney tissue, which were significantly ameliorated by pitavastatin treatment. The findings suggest that pitavastatin can attenuate renal injury, likely by regulating the miR-93/PTEN/Akt/mTOR pathway. This modulation of the pathway appears to contribute to the protective effects of pitavastatin against TAA-induced renal injury, adding to the growing evidence of the pleiotropic benefits of statins in renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan A. Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bassim M. S. A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Passant E. Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Food Chemistry and Food Development, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F. Hessin
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar S. Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Liu C, Li S, Zhang C, Jin CH. Recent Advances in Research on Active Compounds Against Hepatic Fibrosis. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2571-2628. [PMID: 37497688 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230727102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost all chronic liver diseases cause fibrosis, which can lead to cirrhosis and eventually liver cancer. Liver fibrosis is now considered to be a reversible pathophysiological process and suppression of fibrosis is necessary to prevent liver cancer. At present, no specific drugs have been found that have hepatic anti-fibrotic activity. OBJECTIVE The research progress of anti-hepatic fibrosis compounds in recent ten years was reviewed to provide a reference for the design and development of anti-hepatic fibrosis drugs. METHODS According to the structure of the compounds, they are divided into monocyclic compounds, fused-heterocyclic compounds, and acyclic compounds. RESULTS In this article, the natural products and synthetic compounds with anti-fibrotic activity in recent ten years were reviewed, with emphasis on their pharmacological activity and structure-activity relationship (SAR). CONCLUSION Most of these compounds are natural active products and their derivatives, and there are few researches on synthetic compounds and SAR studies on natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Changhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Cheng-Hua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
- Interdisciplinary of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
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Tang Z, Xia Z, Wang X, Liu Y. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:86-99. [PMID: 37648616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in tissues and organs, leading to progressive architectural remodelling and contributing to the development of various diseases. Osteopontin (OPN), a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein, has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in the progression of tissue fibrosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and protein structure of OPN and focuses on our current understanding of the role of OPN in the development of fibrosis in the lungs and other tissues. Additionally, special attention is given to the potential of OPN as a biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Alanazi AS, Alanazi MM, Elekhnawy E, Attallah NGM, Negm WA, El-Kadem AH. Plausible Protective Role of Encephalartos villosus Extract in Acetic-Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1431. [PMID: 37895902 PMCID: PMC10609761 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory ailment of the intestine associated with the upregulation of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we aimed to assess the consequences of Encephalartos villosus (EV) Lem extract on acetic acid (AA)-induced UC. Rats were randomly classified into five groups, as follows: control, AA, AA + mesalazine, AA + EV (50 mg/kg), and AA + EV (100 mg/kg) groups. EV (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and mesalzine (100 mg/kg) were administered orally for 14 days before the induction of UC. On the last day of the experiment, colitis was provoked via the intra-rectal delivery of 3% AA. Then, after 24 h, the rats were sacrificed and their colon tissues were isolated and inspected. Interestingly, EV pretreatment substantially (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated colon weight/length ratio and ulcer area and normalized the histological changes and immunohistochemical features. In addition, EV efficiently reduced the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GS-PX) and catalase (CAT). EV (100 mg/kg) resulted in a downregulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and occludin expression levels. Concerning the anti-inflammatory mechanisms, EV reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) and inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels. It also decreased caspase-3 levels. Our results indicate that the oral intake of EV improves AA-induced colitis in rats through its antioxidative effects and the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the restoration of mucosal integrity. Consequently, EV may be an efficient therapeutic candidate for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwag S. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Walaa A. Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Aya H. El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Elbaset MA, Mohamed BMSA, Gad SA, Afifi SM, Esatbeyoglu T, Abdelrahman SS, Fayed HM. Erythropoietin mitigated thioacetamide-induced renal injury via JAK2/STAT5 and AMPK pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14929. [PMID: 37697015 PMCID: PMC10495371 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney flushes out toxic substances and metabolic waste products, and homeostasis is maintained owing to the kidney efforts. Unfortunately, kidney disease is one of the illnesses with a poor prognosis and a high death rate. The current investigation was set out to assess erythropoietin (EPO) potential therapeutic benefits against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced kidney injury in rats. EPO treatment improved kidney functions, ameliorated serum urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde, increased renal levels of reduced glutathione, and slowed the rise of JAK2, STAT5, AMPK, and their phosphorylated forms induced by TAA. EPO treatment also greatly suppressed JAK2, Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases, and The Protein Kinase R-like ER Kinase gene expressions and mitigated the histopathological alterations brought on by TAA toxicity. EPO antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties protected TAA-damaged kidneys. EPO regulates AMPK, JAK2/STAT5, and pro-inflammatory mediator synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan A Elbaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Bassim M S A Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Gad
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sahar S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Künzel SR, Winter L, Hoffmann M, Kant TA, Thiel J, Kronstein‐Wiedemann R, Klapproth E, Lorenz K, El‐Armouche A, Kämmerer S. Investigation of mesalazine as an antifibrotic drug following myocardial infarction in male mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15809. [PMID: 37688424 PMCID: PMC10492006 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Myocardial infarction (MI) initiates a complex reparative response during which damaged cardiac muscle is replaced by connective tissue. While the initial repair is essential for survival, excessive fibrosis post-MI is a primary contributor to progressive cardiac dysfunction, and ultimately heart failure. Currently, there are no approved drugs for the prevention or the reversal of cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, we tested the therapeutic potential of repurposed mesalazine as a post-MI therapy, as distinct antifibrotic effects have recently been demonstrated. METHODS At 8 weeks of age, MI was induced in male C57BL/6J mice by LAD ligation. Mesalazine was administered orally at a dose of 100 μg/g body weight in drinking water. Fluid intake, weight development, and cardiac function were monitored for 28 days post intervention. Fibrosis parameters were assessed histologically and via qPCR. RESULTS Compared to controls, mesalazine treatment offered no survival benefit. However, no adverse effects on heart and kidney function and weight development were observed, either. While total cardiac fibrosis remained largely unaffected by mesalazine treatment, we found a distinct reduction of perivascular fibrosis alongside reduced cardiac collagen expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings warrant further studies on mesalazine as a potential add-on therapy post-MI, as perivascular fibrosis development was successfully prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan R. Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North‐EastDresdenGermany
| | - Luise Winter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Theresa A. Kant
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jessica Thiel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North‐EastDresdenGermany
| | - Romy Kronstein‐Wiedemann
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North‐EastDresdenGermany
| | - Erik Klapproth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
- Leibniz‐Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ‐ISAS‐ e.VDortmundGermany
| | - Ali El‐Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Susanne Kämmerer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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Elbaset MA, Mohamed BMSA, Moustafa PE, Mansour DF, Afifi SM, Esatbeyoglu T, Abdelrahman SSM, Fayed HM. Erythropoietin Suppresses the Hepatic Fibrosis Caused by Thioacetamide: Role of the PI3K/Akt and TLR4 Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:5514248. [PMID: 37649466 PMCID: PMC10465256 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5514248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is recognized for its function in erythropoiesis; however, its potential antifibrotic effect against liver fibrosis remains unknown. This study examined whether EPO affects thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis by concentrating on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) cascade and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway as possible pathways. Male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups, which included: the negative control group, the TAA group (intraperitoneal; TAA 100 mg/kg three times per week for 2 weeks), and EPO-treated groups (150 and 300 IU/kg, i.p.) for 2 weeks after TAA injections. EPO attenuated hepatic fibrosis in a dosage-dependent way, as manifested by the diminution in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, as well as the increase in albumin level. EPO inhibited the increase in tissue levels of tumor necrosis factors-α, interleukin-1β, transforming growth factor-β1, and TLR4 and raised tissue levels of PI3K and p-PI3K. EPO antioxidant properties were demonstrated by restoring hepatic glutathione and superoxide dismutase by preventing the accumulation of hepatic malondialdehyde. Further, EPO increased the protein expression of PI3K and Akt and decreased TLR4 protein expression. Immunohistochemically, EPO treatment altered tissue histology and downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase protein expression. Overall, the research suggested that EPO could prevent TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis through upregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade and downregulation the TLR4 downstream axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan A. Elbaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassim M. S. A. Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Passant E. Moustafa
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina F. Mansour
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Attaka, Suez, Egypt
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sahar S. M. Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Li H, Wang H, Yang A, Xue M, Wang J, Lv Q, Liu J, Hu L, Zhang Y, Wang X. Gypenosides Synergistically Reduce the Extracellular Matrix of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Ameliorate Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:5448. [PMID: 37513321 PMCID: PMC10386501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis resulting from chronic liver damage is becoming one of the major threats to health worldwide. Active saponin constituents isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum were found to possess a protective effect in liver diseases. Here, we obtained a naturally abundant gypenoside, XLVI, and evaluated its liver protection activity in both animal and cellular models. The results showed that it ameliorated acute and chronic liver injuries and lightened the process of fibrogenesis in vivo. XLVI can inhibit TGF-β-induced activation of hepatic stellate cells and ECM deposition in vitro. The underlying mechanism study verified that it upregulated the protein expression of protein phosphatase 2C alpha and strengthened the vitality of the phosphatase together with a PP2Cα agonist gypenoside NPLC0393. These results shed new light on the molecular mechanisms and the potential therapeutic function of the traditional herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hanghang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aiping Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingzhen Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junyang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiachang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
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11
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Drapkina OM, Elkina AY, Sheptulina AF, Kiselev AR. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Tissue Metabolism: Current Findings and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098445. [PMID: 37176153 PMCID: PMC10178980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Moreover, the prevalence of this liver disease is expected to increase rapidly in the near future, aligning with the rise in obesity and the aging of the population. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is considered to be complex and to include the interaction between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, and environmental factors. It is now well documented that NAFLD is linked to the other conditions common to insulin resistance, such as abnormal lipid levels, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, it is considered that the insulin resistance may be one of the main mechanisms determining the disturbances in both bone tissue metabolism and skeletal muscles quality and functions in patients with NAFLD. To date, the association between NAFLD and osteoporosis has been described in several studies, though it worth noting that most of them included postmenopausal women or elderly patients and originated from Asia. However, taking into account the health and economic burdens of NAFLD, and the increasing prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents worldwide, further investigation of the relationship between osteopenia, osteoporosis and sarcopenia in NAFLD, including in young and middle-aged patients, is of great importance. In addition, this will help to justify active screening and surveillance of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with NAFLD. In this review, we will discuss various pathophysiological mechanisms and possible biologically active molecules that may interplay between NAFLD and bone tissue metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana M Drapkina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yu Elkina
- Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Saratov State Medical University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Anna F Sheptulina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton R Kiselev
- Coordinating Center for Fundamental Research, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
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12
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Mohammadian E, Foroumadi A, Hasanvand Z, Rahimpour E, Zhao H, Jouyban A. Simulation of mesalazine solubility in the binary solvents at various temperatures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Abdel-Rahman RF, Fayed HM, Ogaly HA, Hussein RA, Raslan MA. Phytoconstituents of Sansevieria suffruticosa N.E.Br. Leaves and Its Hepatoprotective Effect via Activation of the NRF2/ARE Signaling Pathway in an Experimentally Induced Liver Fibrosis Rat Model. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100960. [PMID: 35266608 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sansevieria species possess antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. However, the therapeutic potential of Sansevieria suffruticosa N.E.Br. in liver fibrosis was not evaluated yet. Twenty-seven phytoconstituents were tentatively identified in the phytoconstituents profile of Sansevieria suffruticosa N.E.Br. leaves extract (SSLE) using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS-MS). Using column chromatography, hesperetin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, ginsenoside Rg2, and quinic acid were isolated from SSLE. The hepatoprotective effect of SSLE via the activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway was evaluated using a rat model of thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis. Five groups of 6 male adult Wistar rats were used. All animals except the normal control were injected with 200 mg/kg of TAA intraperitoneally twice weekly for 6 weeks. SSLE-treated groups were orally administered 200 and 100 mg/kg/day of the extract, two weeks before the liver fibrosis induction and were continued concomitantly with TAA injection. A reference group received 100 mg/kg b.wt of silymarin orally. SSLE treated groups exhibited a marked reduction in serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with the TAA group. The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and hepatic mRNA levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased. Histological findings further confirmed the protective role of SSLE against TAA. In conclusion, the aforementioned results indicated that the hepatoprotective mechanism of SSLE was exerted via activating the Nrf2 pathway to counteract oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab F Abdel-Rahman
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab A Hussein
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona A Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
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14
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Abdel-Rahman RF, Fayed HM, Asaad GF, Ogaly HA, Hessin AF, Salama AAA, Abd El-Rahman SS, Arbid MS, Mohamed MAE. The involvement of TGF-β1 /FAK/α-SMA pathway in the antifibrotic impact of rice bran oil on thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260130. [PMID: 34965258 PMCID: PMC8716044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of rice bran oil (RBO) on hepatic fibrosis as a characteristic response to persistent liver injuries. Rats were randomly allocated into five groups: the negative control group, thioacetamide (TAA) group (thioacetamide 100 mg/kg thrice weekly for two successive weeks, ip), RBO 0.2 and 0.4 groups (RBO 0.2mL and 0.4 mL/rat/day, po) and standard group (silymarin 100 mg/kg/day, po) for two weeks after TAA injection. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for biochemical, molecular, and histological analyses. Liver functions, oxidative stress, inflammation, liver fibrosis markers were assessed. The obtained results showed that RBO reduced TAA-induced liver fibrosis and suppressed the extracellular matrix formation. Compared to the positive control group, RBO dramatically reduced total bilirubin, AST, and ALT blood levels. Furthermore, RBO reduced MDA and increased GSH contents in the liver. Simultaneously RBO downregulated the NF-κβ signaling pathway, which in turn inhibited the expression of some inflammatory mediators, including Cox-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. RBO attenuated liver fibrosis by suppressing the biological effects of TGF-β1, α-SMA, collagen I, hydroxyproline, CTGF, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). RBO reduced liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation and modulating the interplay among the TGF-β1 and FAK signal transduction. The greater dosage of 0.4 mL/kg has a more substantial impact. Hence, this investigation presents RBO as a promising antifibrotic agent in the TAA model through inhibition of TGF-β1 /FAK/α-SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gihan F. Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F. Hessin
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer A. A. Salama
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud S. Arbid
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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15
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Chen H, Cui J, Wang J, Wang Y, Tong F, Tian Y, Gong Y, Ma Y, Liu L, Zhang X. 5‑Aminosalicylic acid attenuates paraquat‑induced lung fibroblast activation and pulmonary fibrosis of rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:58. [PMID: 34913070 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most important pathological processes associated with paraquat (PQ) poisoning. 5‑Aminosalicylic acid (5‑ASA) has been shown to be a promising agent against fibrotic diseases. In the present study, the alleviating role of 5‑ASA was evaluated in a rat model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ intragastric poisoning (80 mg/kg). Wistar rats were divided into control, PQ, 5‑ASA (30 mg/kg daily, 14 days) and PQ + 5‑ASA groups. Histological examination revealed congestion, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in the bronchial and alveolar walls at 3 days after PQ exposure. Alveolar septum thickening with alveolar lumen narrowing was observed at 14 days, while fibroblast proliferation, increase in collagen fiber number and fibrous thickening of the alveolar walls were observed at 28 day. All the aforementioned pulmonary injury changes in the PQ group were attenuated in the PQ + 5‑ASA group. Hydroxyproline (HYP) content increased in the lung tissues of the rats at 14 days after PQ treatment and reached a peak at 28 days. Compared with the PQ group, HYP contents of lung tissue decreased at 14 and 28 days after PQ + 5‑ASA treatment. Masson's trichrome staining revealed that the increase in the amount of collagen fibers in the lung tissues of rats in the PQ group was inhibited by 5‑ASA treatment, further confirming the alleviating effect of 5‑ASA on fibrosis. In addition, the results showed that 5‑ASA attenuated the upregulation of transforming growth factor‑β1 and phosphorylated‑SMAD3, and the reduction of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ induced by PQ in lung tissue of rats and human lung fibroblast WI‑38 VA13 cells. In conclusion, the results suggested that 5‑ASA had an alleviating effect on PQ‑induced pulmonary fibrosis, partly by suppressing the activation of the TGF‑β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Emergency Department, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Cui
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Tong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yingping Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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16
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Shalaby MA, Elbanna HA, Mohamed SM, Nabil GA, Elbanna AH. In-depth hepatoprotective mechanistic study of Echinacea purpurea flowers: In vitro and in vivo studies. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Echinacea purpurea is a flowering plant commonly used as an herbal medicine despite insufficient scientific bases to validate its usage. The present study aimed to examine in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. purpurea flowers. Methods: In vitro protection against hepato-cytotoxicity was carried out on human HepG-2 cells using colorimetric tetrazolium (MTT) assay, while the in vivo hepatoprotective activity was studied against carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4) induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Results: The results revealed that the extracts of E. purpurea induced discernable in vitro protection on HepG-2 cells and in vivo against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity. Both extracts were significantly able to restore the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, total protein, and albumin to normal levels compared to the CCl4 intoxicated group. In addition, the extracts markedly mitigated the oxidative stress by decreasing Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) markers compared to the CCl4 intoxicated group. It was also associated with the down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in liver tissues. Histopathological examination revealed a decrease in hepatocytes’ degenerative changes and noticeable improvement of the liver damage by extracts of E. purpurea. Conclusion: These findings have proven that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. purpurea flowers have a significant hepatoprotective effect, probably owing to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and regulating apoptotic-related genes. This confirms the ethnomedicinal uses of E. purpurea in patients suffering from liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossny Awad Elbanna
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | | | - Ghazal A Nabil
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hossny Elbanna
- Pharmacology Department, Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Jordan
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17
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Newe M, Kant TA, Hoffmann M, Rausch JSE, Winter L, Künzel K, Klapproth E, Günther C, Künzel SR. Systemic mesalazine treatment prevents spontaneous skin fibrosis in PLK2-deficient mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:2233-2244. [PMID: 34410453 PMCID: PMC8514377 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02135-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Skin fibrosis is a complex biological remodeling process occurring in disease like systemic sclerosis, morphea, or eosinophilic fasciitis. Since the knowledge about the underlying pathomechanisms is still incomplete, there is currently no therapy, which prevents or reverses skin fibrosis sufficiently. The present study investigates the role of polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2) and the pro-fibrotic cytokine osteopontin (OPN) in the pathogenesis of cutaneous fibrosis and demonstrates the antifibrotic effects of systemic mesalazine treatment in vivo. Isolated primary dermal fibroblasts of PLK2 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were characterized in vitro. Skin thickness and histoarchitecture were studied in paraffin-embedded skin sections. The effects of mesalazine treatment were examined in isolated fibroblasts and PLK2 KO mice, which were fed 100 µg/g mesalazine for 6 months via the drinking water. Compared to WT, PLK2 KO fibroblasts displayed higher spontaneous myofibroblast differentiation, reduced proliferation rates, and overexpression of the fibrotic cytokine OPN. In vitro, 72 h of treatment with 10 mmol/L mesalazine induced phenotype conversion in PLK2 KO fibroblasts and attenuated OPN expression by inhibiting ERK1/2. In vivo, dermal myofibroblast differentiation, collagen accumulation, and skin thickening were prevented by mesalazine in PLK2 KO. Plasma creatinine levels indicated good tolerability of systemic long-term mesalazine treatment. The current study reveals a spontaneous fibrotic skin phenotype and ERK1/2-dependent OPN overexpression in PLK2 KO mice. We provide experimental evidence for the antifibrotic effectiveness of systemic mesalazine treatment to prevent fibrosis of the skin, suggesting further investigation in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manja Newe
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa A Kant
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna S E Rausch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Winter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karolina Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Erik Klapproth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan R Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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18
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Künzel SR, Hoffmann M, Weber S, Künzel K, Kämmerer S, Günscht M, Klapproth E, Rausch JS, Sadek MS, Kolanowski T, Meyer-Roxlau S, Piorkowski C, Tugtekin SM, Rose-John S, Yin X, Mayr M, Kuhlmann JD, Wimberger P, Grützmann K, Herzog N, Küpper JH, O’Reilly M, Kabir SN, Sommerfeld LC, Guan K, Wielockx B, Fabritz L, Nattel S, Ravens U, Dobrev D, Wagner M, El-Armouche A. Diminished PLK2 Induces Cardiac Fibrosis and Promotes Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Res 2021; 129:804-820. [PMID: 34433292 PMCID: PMC8487716 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan R. Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K.)
| | - Maximilian Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Silvio Weber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Karolina Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Susanne Kämmerer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Mario Günscht
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Erik Klapproth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Johanna S.E. Rausch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Mirna S. Sadek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Tomasz Kolanowski
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Stefanie Meyer-Roxlau
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
| | - Christopher Piorkowski
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Sems M. Tugtekin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (S.M.T.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel (S.R.-J.)
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (M.M.)
| | - Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Pauline Wimberger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Konrad Grützmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
| | - Natalie Herzog
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg (N.H., J.-H.K.)
| | | | - Molly O’Reilly
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
| | - S. Nashitha Kabir
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
| | - Laura C. Sommerfeld
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Kaomei Guan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (S.M.T.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
- Unit for Degradomics of the Protease Web, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel (S.R.-J.)
- The James Black Centre, King’s College, University of London (X.Y., M.M.)
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (J.D.K., P.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg (J.D.K., P.W.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden (J.D.K., P.W., K.G.)
- Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg (N.H., J.-H.K.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham (M.O., S.N.K., L.C.S.)
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden (B.W.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham (L.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institut für Experimentelle Kardiovaskuläre Medizin, Universitäts Herzzentrum, Freiburg Bad Krotzingen, Freiburg im Breisgau (U.R.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université (S.N.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine (D.D.)
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K.)
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (M.M.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Ben Wielockx
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden (B.W.)
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham (L.F.)
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science and Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg (L.F., L.C.S.)
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université (S.N.)
| | - Ursula Ravens
- Institut für Experimentelle Kardiovaskuläre Medizin, Universitäts Herzzentrum, Freiburg Bad Krotzingen, Freiburg im Breisgau (U.R.)
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (S.N., D.D.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen (S.N., D.D.)
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine (D.D.)
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
- Department of Rhythmology (C.P., M.W.), Clinic for Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Heart Center Dresden GmbH, Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (S.R.K., M.H., S.W., K.K., S.K., M.G., E.K., J.S.E.R., M.S.S., T.K., S.M.-R., K.G., M.W., A.E.-A.)
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Beiranvand M. A review of the biological and pharmacological activities of mesalazine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA): an anti-ulcer and anti-oxidant drug. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1279-1290. [PMID: 34410540 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a synthetic drug from the family of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, 5-ASA has also been used for various other diseases due to its pharmacological effects, but they are usually scattered across various publications, which may limit further research and clinical use of this drug. This review is a summary of published information on the biological and pharmacological effects of 5-ASA with the aim of identifying its anti-oxidant role and medicinal use. 5-ASA data have been collected from 1987 to February 2021 using major databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Springer, Google Scholar, etc. According to research, the pharmacological and biological effects of 5-ASA include treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-amyloid, gastric protection (gastroprotective), and antidiverticulosis properties. Numerous pharmacological studies have shown that 5-ASA is an anti-oxidant and anti-ulcer compound with high therapeutic potential that, if the appropriate dose is discovered, its chemical structure changes and its effectiveness is optimized, 5-ASA has been used experimentally for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Beiranvand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
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El-Gendy ZA, El-Marasy SA, Ahmed RF, El-Batran SA, Abd El-Rahman SS, Ramadan A, Youssef SAH. Hepatoprotective effect of Saccharomyces Cervisciae Cell Wall Extract against thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07159. [PMID: 34159266 PMCID: PMC8203708 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis represents a common outcome of almost all chronic liver diseases and leads to an impairment of liver function that requires medical intervention. The current study aimed to evaluate the potential anti-fibrotic effect of Saccharomyces cervisciae cell wall extract (SCCWE) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis in rats (200mg/kg b.w. i.p. twice weekly for 6 weeks) using Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as a reference anti-fibrotic product. SCCWE at two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the rise in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamide transferase (GGT) activities, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin, increased total protein and albumin. SCCWE significantly reduced glutathione depletion (GSH), Nitric oxide (NOx) and malondialdehyde (MDA), thioredoxin (Trx) contents and elevated nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf-2) content. Its anti-inflammatory effects were confirmed by observing a decrease in nuclear factor-κB (NF- κβ), interleukin-1b (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) content. The anti-fibrotic effects of SCCWE were explored by assessing fibrosis related markers as it significantly reduced transform growth factor-β (TGF-β) and autotaxin (ATX) contents. Administration of SCCWE significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase-3 and 9 (MMP-3 and -9). Furthermore, it also decreased alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and caspase-3 as assessed immunohistochemically those results were similar to that of the standard drug UDCA. This study shows that SCCWE protects against TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats, through attenuating oxidative stress, and inflammation, ameliorating MMPs, combating apoptosis and thereby fibrotic biomarkers in addition to improving histopathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - A Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - S A H Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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21
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Hoffmann M, Kant TA, Emig R, Rausch JSE, Newe M, Schubert M, Künzel K, Winter L, Klapproth E, Peyronnet R, Ravens U, El-Armouche A, Künzel SR. Repurposing mesalazine against cardiac fibrosis in vitro. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:533-543. [PMID: 33064167 PMCID: PMC7892689 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are exacerbated and driven by cardiac fibrosis. TGFβ induces fibroblast activation and differentiation into myofibroblasts that secrete excessive extracellular matrix proteins leading to stiffening of the heart, concomitant cardiac dysfunction, and arrhythmias. However, effective pharmacotherapy for preventing or reversing cardiac fibrosis is presently unavailable. Therefore, drug repurposing could be a cost- and time-saving approach to discover antifibrotic interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifibrotic potential of mesalazine in a cardiac fibroblast stress model. TGFβ was used to induce a profibrotic phenotype in a human cardiac fibroblast cell line. After induction, cells were treated with mesalazine or solvent control. Fibroblast proliferation, key fibrosis protein expression, extracellular collagen deposition, and mechanical properties were subsequently determined. In response to TGFβ treatment, fibroblasts underwent a profound phenoconversion towards myofibroblasts, determined by the expression of fibrillary αSMA. Mesalazine reduced differentiation nearly by half and diminished fibroblast proliferation by a third. Additionally, TGFβ led to increased cell stiffness and adhesion, which were reversed by mesalazine treatment. Collagen 1 expression and deposition-key drivers of fibrosis-were significantly increased upon TGFβ stimulation and reduced to control levels by mesalazine. SMAD2/3 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, along with reduced nuclear NFκB translocation, were identified as potential modes of action. The current study provides experimental pre-clinical evidence for antifibrotic effects of mesalazine in an in vitro model of cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, it sheds light on possible mechanisms of action and suggests further investigation in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hoffmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa A Kant
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ramona Emig
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna S E Rausch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Newe
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mario Schubert
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karolina Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Luise Winter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Erik Klapproth
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rémi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Ravens
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan R Künzel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01309, Dresden, Germany.
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Emam M, Moustafa PE, Elkhateeb A, Hussein SR, Marzouk MM, Abd El-Rahman SS, Abdel-Hameed ESS, Abdel-Rahman RF. Dobera glabra (Forssk.) Poir. ( Salvadoraceae); phenolic constituents of the aqueous leaves extract and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06205. [PMID: 33644474 PMCID: PMC7895722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant kingdom is considered one of the most common sources for structural and biological diversity. In particular, the wild category acquires our attention to investigate the phytochemical and the biological evaluations. METHODS Dobera glabra was exposed to phytochemical examination using HPLC-ESI-MS analysis. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, whereas both the central and peripheral analgesic activities were tested via hot plate test in rats and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, respectively. RESULTS Twenty phenolic compounds of D. glabra aqueous leaves extract were emphasized by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Moreover, D. glabra exhibited both anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic activities. Furthermore, D. glabra significantly decreased the immune expression of MMP-9, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the hind paw of rats. CONCLUSION D. glabra possess peripheral anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in rats mediated through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The activity of D. glabra leaves extract might be attributed to the presence of hydroxy and keto structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Emam
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza P. O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Passant E. Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elkhateeb
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza P. O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Sameh R. Hussein
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza P. O. 12622, Egypt
| | - Mona M. Marzouk
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza P. O. 12622, Egypt
| | | | | | - Rehab F. Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Harnessing Extracellular Matrix Biology for Tumor Drug Delivery. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020088. [PMID: 33572559 PMCID: PMC7911184 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an active role in cell life through a tightly controlled reciprocal relationship maintained by several fibrous proteins, enzymes, receptors, and other components. It is also highly involved in cancer progression. Because of its role in cancer etiology, the ECM holds opportunities for cancer therapy on several fronts. There are targets in the tumor-associated ECM at the level of signaling molecules, enzyme expression, protein structure, receptor interactions, and others. In particular, the ECM is implicated in invasiveness of tumors through its signaling interactions with cells. By capitalizing on the biology of the tumor microenvironment and the opportunities it presents for intervention, the ECM has been investigated as a therapeutic target, to facilitate drug delivery, and as a prognostic or diagnostic marker for tumor progression and therapeutic intervention. This review summarizes the tumor ECM biology as it relates to drug delivery with emphasis on design parameters targeting the ECM.
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El-Mahdy NA, El-Sayad MES, El-Kadem AH, Abu-Risha SES. Metformin alleviates inflammation in oxazolone induced ulcerative colitis in rats: plausible role of sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1 phosphate signaling pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:192-202. [PMID: 33504231 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1878214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is associated with high sphingosine kinase 1(SPHK1) expression in the colon, however its role in pathogenesis of UC is not clearly understood so, the aim of the present study was to clarify the role of SPHK1 and investigate whether the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin in UC is mediated by Sphingosine kinase 1/sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Colitis was induced in adult male wistar rats by intra rectal administration of oxazolone in the fifth and seventh days from initial presensitization. Oxazolone treated rats were divided into untreated oxazolone group, metformin and mesalazine treated groups both in a dose of 100 mg/kg/day orally for 21 days. Along with these groups normal control and saline groups were used .Colitis was assessed by colon length, disease activity index (DAI) and histological examination of colontissue. Plasma samples were used to measure S1P.SPHK1 activity, signal transducer and activator of transcription -3(STAT-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) and tissue expression of intracellular cell adhesion molecule -1(ICAM-1) and caspase-3 genes were measured in tissue. RESULTS Metformin successfully attenuated oxazolone colitis by increasing colon length, decreasing DAI and improved colon histologic picture. Metformin also induced a significant decrease in Plasma SIP, SPHK1 activity, inflammatory, oxidative stress markers, ICAM-1 and Caspase-3 genes expression compared to oxazolone group. CONCLUSION It is revealed that metformin alleviated inflammation and underlying mechanism may result from inhibition of SPHK1/S1P signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageh Ahmed El-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Magda El-Sayed El-Sayad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Aya Hassan El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Murad H, Ahmed O, Ghabrah T, Gari M. Telmisartan Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System, Compared With Standard Telmisartan, More Effectively Improves Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820982190. [PMID: 33414695 PMCID: PMC7750776 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820982190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was designed to examine effects of telmisartan; an angiotensin receptor blocker; self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) in reversing already-established hepatic fibrosis. Method Forty rats were given thioacetamide (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) twice/week for 8 weeks then divided into 5 groups (n = 8), PC and 4 treated groups. Treatments were given orally for another 2 months as follows: telmisartan low and high doses (TL and TH: 1.8 and 3.6 mg/kg/day) and telmisartan SNEDDS at the same doses (TLS and THS). At end of treatment, blood was obtained and liver was isolated. Results Rats showed significant elevations of plasma ALT and AST and hepatic IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA, significant reductions of plasma albumin, hepatic GSH, and body weight, and hepatic histopathological damage. All treatments except for TL significantly reversed these thioacetamide-induced changes. THS group showed significant differences from all groups. Regarding ratio of free telmisartan concentration in hepatic homogenate to that of plasma, TH and TLS groups showed non-significant variation between each other while THS group showed significant differences from them. No significant changes were detected in blood pressure, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets. Conclusion Telmisartan SNEDDS, compared with telmisartan, more effectively reversed chronic hepatic fibrosis with good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfik Ghabrah
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdooh Gari
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Beiranvand M, Bahramikia S. Ameliorating and protective effects mesalazine on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in experimental rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Jouyban K, Mazaher Haji Agha E, Hemmati S, Martinez F, Kuentz M, Jouyban A. Solubility of 5-aminosalicylic acid in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + water mixtures at various temperatures. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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El-Mahdy NA, El-Sayad MES, El-Kadem AH, Abu-Risha SES. Targeting IL-10, ZO-1 gene expression and IL-6/STAT-3 trans-signaling by a combination of atorvastatin and mesalazine to enhance anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates progression of oxazolone-induced colitis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:143-155. [PMID: 32383169 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by diffused inflammation of the colon and rectum mucosa. The pathogenesis of UC is multifactorial, and the exact underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of mesalazine and atorvastatin combination in enhancing anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates progression of oxazolone colitis in rats. In the present study, male albino rats (N = 60) were divided into six groups (10 rats each), the first two groups served as normal control and a control saline group. Colitis was induced by intra-rectal administration of oxazolone in the 5th and 7th days after pre-sensitization. Then, rats were divided into untreated group, groups treated with mesalazine or atorvastatin or their combination. Colitis was assessed by colon length, body weight, and incidence of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and histopathology of colon tissue. Colon tissues were used for measuring interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-13, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3), myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), reduced glutathione(GSH), and tissue expression of IL-10, tight junction protein zonula occludens (ZO-1), and caspase-3 genes. The combination therapy significantly attenuated progression of UC by decreasing incidence of diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, IL-13, IL-6, TNF-α, STAT-3, caspase-3, and MPO activity and significantly increased IL-10, ZO-1, colon length, and GSH content, and these effects were more superior to single drugs. These findings showed that combination therapy was able to ameliorate progression of UC and enhance anti-inflammatory effects possibly by restoring IL-10 and ZO-1 levels and limiting IL-6/STAT-3 trans-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageh Ahmed El-Mahdy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Magda El-Sayed El-Sayad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Aya Hassan El-Kadem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Sally El-Sayed Abu-Risha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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Abd El-Rahman SS, Fayed HM. Targeting AngII/AT1R signaling pathway by perindopril inhibits ongoing liver fibrosis in rat. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:2131-2141. [PMID: 31348596 DOI: 10.1002/term.2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a substantial role in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Hence, targeting RAS through angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can mend hepatic fibrosis; the current study was designed to examine the potential fibrosis inhibition activity of perindopril using a rat model of liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Four groups of rats were used throughout this study, Group I (control group); rats received the vehicle. TAA was used for inducing liver fibrosis in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 200-mg/kg body weight twice a week for 6 weeks. Group II served as (TAA group). Rats of Groups III and IV were given perindopril at doses of 2 and 8 mg/kg 2 weeks after TAA administration and continued concomitantly with TAA till the end of the experiment. Injection of TAA resulted in a significant increase in aminotransferases' activities and bilirubin with a significant decrease in serum albumin and total protein and a significant decrease in hepatic content of GSH and SOD. Additionally, TAA injection raised the hepatic content of TGF-β1, α-SMA, TNF-α, and level of MDA. Histological and immunohistochemical data presented marked fibrosis in liver sections of TAA-administrated rats with increased collagen deposition, elevated METAVIR scoring, and increased expression of α-SMA, caspase-3, and AT1R. Oral dosing of perindopril for 4 weeks concomitant with TAA could mend the altered parameters near to normal values and abolished the ongoing fibrosis extension. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that perindopril, as ACE inhibitor, could grant a superior remedial nominee in preventing liver fibrosis progression through targeting angiotensin II formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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